EP2969699B2 - Modular rail vehicle having modules of different widths - Google Patents

Modular rail vehicle having modules of different widths Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2969699B2
EP2969699B2 EP14709938.6A EP14709938A EP2969699B2 EP 2969699 B2 EP2969699 B2 EP 2969699B2 EP 14709938 A EP14709938 A EP 14709938A EP 2969699 B2 EP2969699 B2 EP 2969699B2
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EP
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Prior art keywords
module
car body
modules
bellows
streetcar
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2969699A1 (en
EP2969699B1 (en
Inventor
Michael Fischer
Michael Petto
Martin OGNAR
Christian Strauss
Gregor HINKER
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Alstom Transportation Germany GmbH
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Bombardier Transportation GmbH
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
    • B61D3/00—Wagons or vans
    • B61D3/10—Articulated vehicles

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a tram with car body modules that are connected to one another in an articulated manner.
  • Modern trams are often manufactured in a modular design, mostly using low-floor technology.
  • a tram in modular construction is described, for example, in EP0548044 .
  • the modules are connected via joints, which is why such vehicles are also referred to as multi-articulated vehicles.
  • Another example is through the FR 686 769 A known tram, which consists of two end modules and an intermediate module, which are hinged together and wherein the width of an end module is greater than the width of the intermediate module.
  • trams in modular design also referred to as modular trams, consist of chassis modules and other modules that are arranged between the chassis modules, such as sedans or saloon modules, and also front modules that are arranged at the beginning and at the end of the vehicle.
  • One object of the present invention is to specify a tram that enables better utilization of the interior space with seats and can be used in existing networks.
  • the width of a car body module is measured transversely to the longitudinal axis of the car body module, in particular exactly perpendicular to the longitudinal axis.
  • a “car body module” is also referred to below as “module” for short.
  • a modular tram according to the invention allows a larger number of seats transverse to the longitudinal direction of the car in the wider first module and thus a larger number of seats compared to a tram of the same length that consists only of modules with a smaller width than the width of the first module. If only modules with a smaller width, for example 2.2 m or 2.3 m wide, are used in existing networks, then only 2+1 seating with sufficient aisle width is possible in such modules per row of seats, i.e. two seats arranged side by side and one additional Seat separated from the other two seats by an aisle.
  • the second car body module may accordingly have seat rows with a first pair of seats arranged side by side and with a single seat, the pair of seats being separated from the single seat by an aisle.
  • the wider first module i.e. two seats arranged next to one another and another two seats arranged next to one another, which are separated from the other two seats by an aisle.
  • the first car body module can accordingly have rows of seats with a first pair of seats arranged side by side and a second pair of seats arranged side by side, the pairs of seats being separated from one another by an aisle.
  • the wider first module has a width of 2.4 m.
  • the width ratio of the first to the second module is 1.03 to 1 to 1.2 to 1.
  • the width is measured at the widest point of the respective module if the module is not rectangular.
  • the aspect ratio of the first to second module is preferably 1.3:1 to 2.5:1.
  • the distance between the modules is preferably 0.7m to 1.5m.
  • the clearance profile is the profile that must not be exceeded on all sides, measured from the track, e.g. B. in multi-track operation or in bottlenecks to safely rule out possible collisions.
  • the loading gauge is determined for the vertical transverse plane of the track. When looking at the track from above, the envelope curve describes the limit that must not be exceeded by the rail vehicle. The envelope curve determined longitudinally along the rail line intersects the clearance profile lying in the plane transverse to the rail line.
  • the tram according to the invention with different widths is very easy to manufacture. Modules of different widths can be manufactured individually and these can then be connected in an articulated manner to form a complete vehicle.
  • the first car body modules and the second car body modules are arranged alternately, more preferably the entire tram is composed of alternating first and second modules.
  • first and the second module further modules can be present which have a greater width than the first module and a different width than the second module.
  • end modules or head modules can be provided.
  • An end or head module may have the width of the first module, in which case it is a special case of the first module, or the width of the second module, in which case it is a special case of the second module.
  • first module and “second module” denote a different width, not the function or location of a module within the tram.
  • first car body module and the second car body module have a rectangular or essentially rectangular plan, which makes them particularly easy to manufacture.
  • an end module is a special case of a first or second module, then the end module may deviate from the rectangular plan towards the outer end of the module.
  • the end module then preferably has a rectangular section and a section which tapers towards the outer end of the module.
  • the function of the modules is not restricted in principle.
  • the first as well as the second module can be, for example, a chassis module, a bogie module or a saloon module.
  • a saloon module is a module without running gear or bogie, placed between running gear/bogie modules.
  • the first wide car body module preferably has a running gear or a bogie, ie it is a running gear module or bogie module.
  • the arrangement of a chassis/bogie on the first module is advantageous due to its greater width. With a bogie, the wheels either do not rotate at all or rotate at a smaller maximum angle relative to the car body compared to a bogie.
  • a bellows or corrugated bellows is arranged between the first car body module and the second car body module. Due to the different widths of the first and second modules, the bellows or corrugated bellows is less compressed on the inside of the curve when cornering than with the same module width and the same distance between the modules and the same initial length of the bellows or corrugated bellows in the straightened state. Modules of different widths come less close to each other in an angular position of both modules in the edge area than modules of the same width. Bellows and corrugated bellows differ in shape and/or in the manufacturing process, with convoluted bellows and corrugated bellows being sewn differently in particular and/or having different seam shapes.
  • the side walls of the bellows or corrugated bellows are at a greater distance from one another on the side of the first car body module than on the side of the second car body module.
  • the side walls of the bellows or corrugated bellows run towards one another in the viewing direction from the first module to the second, narrower module.
  • the side walls thus run conically when viewed from above, or, to put it another way, in the shape of a funnel.
  • the bellows or corrugated bellows is less compressed on the inside of the curve than with the same module width and the same distance between the modules when they are straight.
  • the conical shape of the bellows or corrugated bellows also has a positive effect on the bellows kinematics, since the individual corrugations or folds can be moved better and rub against each other less.
  • the passenger flow can be influenced with the funnel shape.
  • vehicle doors are arranged in the second, narrower modules and not in the first, wider modules.
  • the funnel-shaped bellows narrows towards the second module and thus towards the door. Passengers in the first module are intuitively shown the direction to the door by the funnel shape, which is preferably a slight but noticeable funnel shape.
  • the tram 1 shows a modular tram 1.
  • the tram 1 is composed of first modules 2, 4, 6 and second modules 3, 5.
  • the modules are mutually by in 1 pivot joints, not shown, and corrugated bellows 10, 11, 12, 13 are arranged between the modules.
  • First modules and second modules are therefore arranged alternately in this vehicle.
  • the first modules 2, 6 are end modules, each having a driver's station, also referred to as head modules.
  • head modules Under the first modules 2, 4, 6, a chassis in the form of a bogie 7, 8, 9 is attached.
  • the first modules are 2, 4, 6 chassis modules.
  • the second modules 3, 5 are saloon modules without running gear and have two pivoting sliding doors on each side, each with two abutting door leaves.
  • FIG. 12 shows a schematic top view of part of the tram 1 from FIG 1 . Shown are the end module 2 as the first module, the saloon module 3 as the second module and the chassis module 4 as a further first module. Bogies 7, 8 under the first module 2 and the first module 4 are shown schematically. The parts with the reference numbers 7 and 8 can alternatively be running gears.
  • the first modules 2, 4 have a width B1 that is greater than the width B2 of the second module 3. In the special case, the width B1 is 2,400 mm and the width B2 is 2,300 mm. As mentioned, the first modules 2, 4 are bogie/chassis modules, with the first module 2 also being an end module with a driver's cab at the same time.
  • the end module 2 has a rectangular section 16 and a tapered section 15 in which the driver's station is accommodated.
  • the modules 3, 4 each have a rectangular plan. Tram 1 is in the 2 shown when cornering and rests on rails 14.
  • the dashed line 17 shows the envelope 17.
  • the view from above falls on the in 1 and 2 shown bogie / chassis module 4. Shown is a cross section through the interior. Shown is a socket 18 as part of a joint for connection to an adjacent saloon module such as module 3 from FIG 2 .
  • a large number of chairs or seats are provided in the interior of the chassis module 4, which is a first, wider module in the sense of the present invention.
  • a pair of seats 19 and a further pair of seats 19' are provided with reference symbols. In this example, so-called 2+2 seating is provided for each row.
  • To the right and left of the longitudinal axis L of the module 4 are two seats arranged side by side, or one pair of seats, which are separated by a central aisle.
  • the pair of seats 19 and the pair of seats 19' are examples of a row of seats. Shown are three rows of seats, each with 2+2 seating. Not shown in 3 a narrower saloon module 3 (see 2 ), in which 2+1 seating is provided.
  • a plan view of the transition area between the first module 4 and the second module 3 is shown.
  • the joint 20 with the mutually rotatable parts 18 and 21, which are each connected to one of the modules 3 or 4.
  • a turntable is arranged above the joint 20 (not shown here).
  • a schematically illustrated bellows 11, which can alternatively be a corrugated bellows, is arranged in order to close the transition to the outside.
  • two side walls 22, 23 of the bellows 11 can be seen. The side walls 22, 23 are at a greater distance from one another on the side of the first car body module 4, i.e. towards the module 4, than on the side of the second car body module 3.
  • the bellows thus takes a funnel-shaped course, i.e. the bellows narrows from the wider first module 4 to the narrower second module 3.
  • a parallel arrangement of the side walls 22, 23 is also possible.
  • the length of the side walls 22 and 23 can be different in order to optimize envelope curves in different rail infrastructure networks depending on the respectively different smallest curve radii. It is defined as the distance 24 between two modules, which can range between 0.7 m and 1.5 m.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Body Structure For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Seats For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Automatic Cycles, And Cycles In General (AREA)
  • Fittings On The Vehicle Exterior For Carrying Loads, And Devices For Holding Or Mounting Articles (AREA)
  • Train Traffic Observation, Control, And Security (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Straßenbahn mit gelenkig miteinander verbundenen Wagenkastenmodulen.The invention relates to a tram with car body modules that are connected to one another in an articulated manner.

Moderne Straßenbahnen werden vielfach in Modulbauweise hergestellt, meist in Niederflurtechnik. Eine Straßenbahn in Modulbauweise ist beispielsweise beschrieben in EP 0548044 . Die Module sind über Gelenke verbunden, weshalb solche Fahrzeuge auch als Multigelenksfahrzeuge bezeichnet werden. Ein weiteres Beispiel ist die durch die FR 686 769 A bekannte Straßenbahn, welche aus zwei Endmodulen und einem Zwischenmodul besteht, welche gelenkig miteinander verbunden sind und wobei die Breite eines Endmoduls größer ist als die Breite des Zwischenmoduls.Modern trams are often manufactured in a modular design, mostly using low-floor technology. A tram in modular construction is described, for example, in EP0548044 . The modules are connected via joints, which is why such vehicles are also referred to as multi-articulated vehicles. Another example is through the FR 686 769 A known tram, which consists of two end modules and an intermediate module, which are hinged together and wherein the width of an end module is greater than the width of the intermediate module.

In der Regel bestehen Straßenbahnen in Modulbauweise, auch bezeichnet als modulare Straßenbahnen, aus Fahrwerksmodulen und weiteren Modulen, die zwischen den Fahrwerksmodulen angeordnet sind, wie z.B. Sänften oder Salonmodule, und weiterhin Vorbaumodulen die am Anfang und am Ende des Fahrzeugs angeordnet sind.As a rule, trams in modular design, also referred to as modular trams, consist of chassis modules and other modules that are arranged between the chassis modules, such as sedans or saloon modules, and also front modules that are arranged at the beginning and at the end of the vehicle.

Wenn modulare Straßenbahnen in bestehenden, älteren Streckennetzen (Bestandsnetzen) eingesetzt werden sollen, wo bisher beispielsweise 2,2 m oder 2,3 m breite, nicht modulare Straßenbahnen im Einsatz waren, ergeben sich aus der schmalen Wagenkastenbreite keine platzoptimierten Bestuhlungsvarianten im Inneren des Fahrzeugs.If modular trams are to be used in existing, older route networks (existing networks) where, for example, 2.2 m or 2.3 m wide, non-modular trams were previously in use, the narrow car body width does not result in space-optimized seating variants inside the vehicle.

Eine Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, eine Straßenbahn anzugeben, die eine bessere Ausnutzung des Innenraums mit Sitzplätzen ermöglicht und in Bestandsnetzen einsetzbar ist.One object of the present invention is to specify a tram that enables better utilization of the interior space with seats and can be used in existing networks.

Gelöst wird die Aufgabe durch eine Straßenbahn nach Anspruch 1. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen sind in den Unteransprüchen beschrieben.The object is achieved by a tram according to claim 1. Advantageous refinements are described in the dependent claims.

Die Breite eines Wagenkastenmoduls wird quer zur Längsachse des Wagenkastenmoduls gemessen, insbesondere genau senkrecht zur Längsachse.The width of a car body module is measured transversely to the longitudinal axis of the car body module, in particular exactly perpendicular to the longitudinal axis.

Ein "Wagenkastenmodul" wird nachfolgend auch verkürzt als "Modul" bezeichnet.A “car body module” is also referred to below as “module” for short.

Eine erfindungsgemäß modulare Straßenbahn ermöglicht in dem breiteren ersten Modul eine größere Anzahl von Sitzplätzen quer zur Wagenlängsrichtung und dadurch eine größere Anzahl von Sitzplätzen im Vergleich zu einer gleich langen Straßenbahn, die nur aus Modulen mit einer geringeren Breite als die Breite des ersten Moduls besteht. Wenn in Bestandnetzen nur Module mit geringerer Breite, beispielsweise 2,2 m oder 2,3 m Breite, eingesetzt werden, dann ist in solchen Modulen pro Sitzreihe nur eine 2+1 Bestuhlung mit ausreichend Gangbreite möglich, d.h. zwei nebeneinander angeordnete Sitze und ein weiterer Sitz, der durch einen Gang von den beiden anderen Sitzen getrennt ist. Das zweite Wagenkastenmodul kann demgemäß Sitzreihen mit einem ersten Paar nebeneinander angeordneter Sitze und mit einem einzelnen Sitz aufweisen, wobei das Sitzpaar von dem einzelnen Sitz durch einen Gang getrennt ist.A modular tram according to the invention allows a larger number of seats transverse to the longitudinal direction of the car in the wider first module and thus a larger number of seats compared to a tram of the same length that consists only of modules with a smaller width than the width of the first module. If only modules with a smaller width, for example 2.2 m or 2.3 m wide, are used in existing networks, then only 2+1 seating with sufficient aisle width is possible in such modules per row of seats, i.e. two seats arranged side by side and one additional Seat separated from the other two seats by an aisle. The second car body module may accordingly have seat rows with a first pair of seats arranged side by side and with a single seat, the pair of seats being separated from the single seat by an aisle.

In der erfindungsgemäßen Straßenbahn ist im breiteren ersten Modul beispielsweise eine 2+2-Bestuhlung pro Reihe möglich, d.h. zwei nebeneinander angeordnete Sitze und nochmals zwei nebeneinander angeordnete Sitze, die durch einen Gang von den beiden anderen Sitzen getrennt sind. Anders ausgedrückt kann das erste Wagenkastenmodul demzufolge Sitzreihen mit einem ersten Paar nebeneinander angeordneter Sitze und einem zweiten Paar nebeneinander angeordneter Sitze aufweisen, wobei die Sitzpaare durch einen Gang voneinander getrennt sind. Beispielsweise hat das breitere erste Modul eine Breite von 2,4 m.In the tram according to the invention, for example, 2+2 seating per row is possible in the wider first module, i.e. two seats arranged next to one another and another two seats arranged next to one another, which are separated from the other two seats by an aisle. In other words, the first car body module can accordingly have rows of seats with a first pair of seats arranged side by side and a second pair of seats arranged side by side, the pairs of seats being separated from one another by an aisle. For example, the wider first module has a width of 2.4 m.

Das Breitenverhältnis von erstem zu zweitem Modul beträgt 1,03 zu 1 bis 1,2 zu 1. Gemessen wird die Breite an der breitesten Stelle des jeweiligen Moduls, wenn das Modul nicht rechteckig ist.The width ratio of the first to the second module is 1.03 to 1 to 1.2 to 1. The width is measured at the widest point of the respective module if the module is not rectangular.

Das Längenverhältnis von erstem zu zweitem Modul beträgt vorzugsweise 1,3 zu 1 bis 2,5 zu 1.The aspect ratio of the first to second module is preferably 1.3:1 to 2.5:1.

Der Abstand zwischen den Modulen beträgt vorzugsweise 0,7m bis 1,5m.The distance between the modules is preferably 0.7m to 1.5m.

Durch die variierende Breite der Module bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Fahrzeug ist eine sehr gute Ausnutzung des Lichtraumprofils auch in engen Kurven möglich, ohne dass das Lichtraumprofil überschritten wird. Das Lichtraumprofil ist das Profil, welches allseitig, vom Gleis aus gemessen, nicht überschritten werden darf, um z. B. bei Mehrgleisbetrieb bzw. in Engstellen mögliche Kollisionen sicher auszuschließen. Das Lichtraumprofil wird für die senkrechte Querebene des Fahrwegs bestimmt. Die Hüllkurve beschreibt beim Blick von oben auf das Gleis die Grenze, die von dem Schienenfahrzeug nicht überschritten werden darf. Die längs entlang des Schienenweges bestimmte Hüllkurve schneidet das in der Ebene quer zum Schienenweg liegende Lichtraumprofil.Due to the varying width of the modules in the vehicle according to the invention, very good utilization of the clearance gauge is possible, even on tight bends, without the clearance gauge being exceeded. The clearance profile is the profile that must not be exceeded on all sides, measured from the track, e.g. B. in multi-track operation or in bottlenecks to safely rule out possible collisions. The loading gauge is determined for the vertical transverse plane of the track. When looking at the track from above, the envelope curve describes the limit that must not be exceeded by the rail vehicle. The envelope curve determined longitudinally along the rail line intersects the clearance profile lying in the plane transverse to the rail line.

Weiterhin ist die erfindungsgemäße Straßenbahn mit unterschiedlicher Breite sehr einfach zu fertigen. Es können unterschiedlich breite Module einzeln gefertigt werden und diese können dann zu einem Gesamtfahrzeug gelenkig verbunden werden.Furthermore, the tram according to the invention with different widths is very easy to manufacture. Modules of different widths can be manufactured individually and these can then be connected in an articulated manner to form a complete vehicle.

Vorzugsweise sind in zumindest einem Abschnitt der Straßenbahn die ersten Wagenkastenmodule und die zweiten Wagenkastenmodule alternierend angeordnet, mehr bevorzugt ist die gesamte Straßenbahn aus alternierenden ersten und zweiten Modulen zusammengesetzt. Es ist aber möglich, innerhalb der Straßenbahn zwei oder mehr erste Module direkt miteinander zu verbinden und/oder zwei oder mehr zweite Module direkt miteinander zu verbinden. Außer dem ersten und dem zweiten Modul können weitere Module vorhanden sein, die eine größere Breite als das erste Modul und eine andere Breite als das zweite Modul aufweisen. Weiterhin können ein oder zwei Endmodule oder Kopfmodule vorgesehen sein. Ein End- oder Kopfmodul kann die Breite des ersten Moduls aufweisen, wobei es dann ein Spezialfall des ersten Moduls ist, oder die Breite des zweiten Moduls aufweisen, wobei es dann ein Spezialfall des zweiten Moduls ist. Die Begriffe "erstes Modul" und "zweites Modul" bezeichnen eine unterschiedliche Breite, nicht die Funktion oder den Ort eines Moduls innerhalb der Straßenbahn.Preferably, in at least one section of the tram, the first car body modules and the second car body modules are arranged alternately, more preferably the entire tram is composed of alternating first and second modules. However, it is possible to connect two or more first modules directly to one another within the tram and/or to connect two or more second modules directly to one another. In addition to the first and the second module, further modules can be present which have a greater width than the first module and a different width than the second module. Furthermore, one or two end modules or head modules can be provided. An end or head module may have the width of the first module, in which case it is a special case of the first module, or the width of the second module, in which case it is a special case of the second module. The terms "first module" and "second module" denote a different width, not the function or location of a module within the tram.

Insbesondere weisen das erste Wagenkastenmodul und das zweite Wagenkastenmodul einen rechteckigen oder im Wesentlichen rechteckigen Grundriss auf, wodurch sie besonders einfach zu fertigen sind. Wenn ein Endmodul ein Spezialfall eines ersten oder zweiten Moduls ist, dann kann das Endmodul von dem rechteckigen Grundriss zum äußeren Ende des Moduls hin abweichen. Das Endmodul weist dann vorzugsweise einen rechteckigen Abschnitt auf und einen Abschnitt, der zum äußeren Ende des Moduls hin verjüngt ist.In particular, the first car body module and the second car body module have a rectangular or essentially rectangular plan, which makes them particularly easy to manufacture. If an end module is a special case of a first or second module, then the end module may deviate from the rectangular plan towards the outer end of the module. The end module then preferably has a rectangular section and a section which tapers towards the outer end of the module.

Die Funktion der Module ist nicht prinzipiell beschränkt. Das erste wie das zweite Modul können zum Beispiel ein Fahrwerksmodul, ein Drehgestellmodul oder ein Salonmodul sein. Ein Salonmodul ist ein Modul ohne Fahrwerk oder Drehgestell, das zwischen Fahrwerksmodulen/Drehgestellmodulen angeordnet ist. Das erste breite Wagenkastenmodul weist vorzugsweise ein Fahrwerk oder ein Drehgestell auf, ist also ein Fahrwerksmodul oder Drehgestellmodul. Die Anordnung eines Fahrwerks/Drehgestells an dem ersten Modul ist aufgrund dessen größerer Breite vorteilhaft. Bei einem Fahrwerk drehen die Räder im Vergleich zu einem Drehgestell entweder gar nicht oder um einen kleineren maximalen Winkel relativ zu dem Wagenkasten.The function of the modules is not restricted in principle. The first as well as the second module can be, for example, a chassis module, a bogie module or a saloon module. A saloon module is a module without running gear or bogie, placed between running gear/bogie modules. The first wide car body module preferably has a running gear or a bogie, ie it is a running gear module or bogie module. The arrangement of a chassis/bogie on the first module is advantageous due to its greater width. With a bogie, the wheels either do not rotate at all or rotate at a smaller maximum angle relative to the car body compared to a bogie.

In einer Ausführungsform ist zwischen dem ersten Wagenkastenmodul und dem zweiten Wagenkastenmodul ein Faltenbalg oder Wellenbalg angeordnet. Durch die unterschiedliche Breite des ersten und des zweiten Moduls wird bei einer Kurvenfahrt der Faltenbalg oder Wellenbalg auf der Kurveninnenseite weniger komprimiert als bei gleicher Modulbreite und gleichem Abstand der Module und gleicher Ausgangslänge des Faltenbalgs oder Wellenbalges im gerade ausgerichteten Zustand. Unterschiedlich breite Module kommen sich bei in einer Winkelstellung beider Module im Randbereich weniger nahe als gleichbreite Module. Faltenbälge und Wellenbälge unterscheiden sich in Form und/oder in der Fertigung, wobei Faltenbälge und Wellenbälge insbesondere unterschiedlich genäht sind und/oder unterschiedliche Nahtformen aufweisen.In one embodiment, a bellows or corrugated bellows is arranged between the first car body module and the second car body module. Due to the different widths of the first and second modules, the bellows or corrugated bellows is less compressed on the inside of the curve when cornering than with the same module width and the same distance between the modules and the same initial length of the bellows or corrugated bellows in the straightened state. Modules of different widths come less close to each other in an angular position of both modules in the edge area than modules of the same width. Bellows and corrugated bellows differ in shape and/or in the manufacturing process, with convoluted bellows and corrugated bellows being sewn differently in particular and/or having different seam shapes.

In einer Variante der zuvor beschriebenen Ausführungsform haben die Seitenwände des Faltenbalgs oder Wellenbalgs auf der Seite des ersten Wagenkastenmoduls einen größeren Abstand zueinander als auf der Seite des zweiten Wagenkastenmoduls. Anders ausgedrückt laufen die Seitenwände des Faltenbalgs oder Wellenbalgs in Blickrichtung vom ersten Modul zum zweiten, schmaleren Modul aufeinander zu. Die Seitenwände verlaufen somit von oben betrachtet konisch, oder, anders ausgedrückt, trichterförmig. Auch bei dieser Form wird der Faltenbalg oder Wellenbalg auf der Kurveninnenseite weniger komprimiert als bei gleicher Modulbreite und gleichem Abstand der Module im gerade ausgerichteten Zustand. Die konische Form des Faltenbalgs oder Wellenbalges hat weiterhin eine positive Wirkung auf die Balgkinematik, da die einzelnen Wellen bzw. Falten sich besser bewegen lassen und weniger aneinander scheuern. Zusätzlich kann mit der Trichterform der Fahrgaststrom beeinflusst werden. In einer noch spezielleren Variante sind Fahrzeugtüren in den zweiten, schmaleren Modulen angeordnet und nicht in den ersten, breiteren Modulen. Der trichterförmige Balg verengt sich in Richtung zweites Modul und damit Richtung Tür. Fahrgästen im ersten Modul wird durch die Trichterform, die vorzugsweise eine leichte aber merkliche Trichterform ist, die Richtung zur Tür intuitiv angezeigt.In a variant of the embodiment described above, the side walls of the bellows or corrugated bellows are at a greater distance from one another on the side of the first car body module than on the side of the second car body module. In other words, the side walls of the bellows or corrugated bellows run towards one another in the viewing direction from the first module to the second, narrower module. The side walls thus run conically when viewed from above, or, to put it another way, in the shape of a funnel. With this form, too, the bellows or corrugated bellows is less compressed on the inside of the curve than with the same module width and the same distance between the modules when they are straight. The conical shape of the bellows or corrugated bellows also has a positive effect on the bellows kinematics, since the individual corrugations or folds can be moved better and rub against each other less. In addition, the passenger flow can be influenced with the funnel shape. In an even more specific variant, vehicle doors are arranged in the second, narrower modules and not in the first, wider modules. The funnel-shaped bellows narrows towards the second module and thus towards the door. Passengers in the first module are intuitively shown the direction to the door by the funnel shape, which is preferably a slight but noticeable funnel shape.

Nachfolgend die Erfindung anhand von Ausführungsbeispielen beschrieben. Es zeigen

Fig. 1
eine Straßenbahn, die aus mehreren Modulen zusammengesetzt ist,
Fig. 2
eine schematische Ansicht einer erfindungsgemäßen Straßenbahn von oben betrachtet
Fig. 3
einen Grundriss eines ersten, breiteren Wagenkastenmoduls und
Fig. 4
eine schematische Ansicht von oben auf eine Wellenbalg-Verbindung zwischen zwei Wagenkastenmodulen.
The invention is described below using exemplary embodiments. Show it
1
a tram composed of several modules,
2
a schematic view of a tram according to the invention viewed from above
3
a plan of a first, wider car body module and
4
a schematic view from above of a corrugated bellows connection between two car body modules.

Die Fig. 1 zeigt eine modular aufgebaute Straßenbahn 1. Die Straßenbahn 1 ist zusammengesetzt aus ersten Modulen 2, 4, 6 und zweiten Modulen 3, 5. Die Module sind untereinander durch in Fig. 1 nicht weiter dargestellte Drehgelenke verbunden und zwischen den Modulen sind Wellenbälge 10, 11, 12, 13 angeordnet. Erste Module und zweite Module sind also in diesem Fahrzeug alternierend angeordnet. Die ersten Module 2, 6 sind Endmodule, die jeweils einen Fahrerstand aufweisen, auch bezeichnet als Kopfmodule. Unter den ersten Modulen 2, 4, 6 ist jeweils ein Fahrwerk in Form eines Drehgestells 7, 8, 9 angebracht. Somit sind in diesem Beispiel die ersten Module 2, 4, 6 Fahrwerksmodule. Die zweiten Module 3, 5 sind Salonmodule ohne Fahrwerk und weisen auf jeder Seite zwei Schwenkschiebetüren mit jeweils zwei aneinander stoßenden Türblättern auf.the 1 shows a modular tram 1. The tram 1 is composed of first modules 2, 4, 6 and second modules 3, 5. The modules are mutually by in 1 pivot joints, not shown, and corrugated bellows 10, 11, 12, 13 are arranged between the modules. First modules and second modules are therefore arranged alternately in this vehicle. The first modules 2, 6 are end modules, each having a driver's station, also referred to as head modules. Under the first modules 2, 4, 6, a chassis in the form of a bogie 7, 8, 9 is attached. Thus, in this example, the first modules are 2, 4, 6 chassis modules. The second modules 3, 5 are saloon modules without running gear and have two pivoting sliding doors on each side, each with two abutting door leaves.

Die Fig. 2 zeigt eine schematische Draufsicht auf einen Teil der Straßenbahn 1 aus Fig. 1. Dargestellt sind das Endmodul 2 als erstes Modul, das Salonmodul 3 als zweites Modul und das Fahrwerksmodul 4 als ein weiteres erstes Modul. Schematisch dargestellt sind Drehgestelle 7, 8 unter dem ersten Modul 2 und dem ersten Modul 4. Die Teile mit den Bezugszeichen 7 und 8 können alternativ Fahrwerke sein. Die ersten Module 2, 4 weisen eine Breite B1 auf, die größer ist als die Breite B2 des zweiten Moduls 3. Im Spezialfall beträgt die Breite B1 2.400 mm und die Breite B2 2.300 mm. Wie erwähnt, sind die ersten Module 2, 4 Drehgestell- /Fahrwerksmodule, wobei das erste Modul 2 auch gleichzeitig ein Endmodul mit einem Fahrerstand ist. Das Endmodul 2 weist einen rechteckigen Abschnitt 16 und einen sich verjüngenden Abschnitt 15 auf, in dem der Fahrerstand untergebracht ist. Die Module 3, 4 weisen jeweils einen rechteckigen Grundriss auf. Die Straßenbahn 1 ist in der Fig. 2 bei einer Kurvenfahrt dargestellt und setzt auf Schienen 14 auf. Die gestrichelte Linie 17 zeigt die Hüllkurve 17.the 2 FIG. 12 shows a schematic top view of part of the tram 1 from FIG 1 . Shown are the end module 2 as the first module, the saloon module 3 as the second module and the chassis module 4 as a further first module. Bogies 7, 8 under the first module 2 and the first module 4 are shown schematically. The parts with the reference numbers 7 and 8 can alternatively be running gears. The first modules 2, 4 have a width B1 that is greater than the width B2 of the second module 3. In the special case, the width B1 is 2,400 mm and the width B2 is 2,300 mm. As mentioned, the first modules 2, 4 are bogie/chassis modules, with the first module 2 also being an end module with a driver's cab at the same time. The end module 2 has a rectangular section 16 and a tapered section 15 in which the driver's station is accommodated. The modules 3, 4 each have a rectangular plan. Tram 1 is in the 2 shown when cornering and rests on rails 14. The dashed line 17 shows the envelope 17.

In Fig. 3 fällt der Blick von oben auf das in Fig. 1 und Fig. 2 gezeigte Drehgestell-/ Fahrwerksmodul 4. Gezeigt ist ein Querschnitt durch den Innenraum. Dargestellt ist eine Gelenkpfanne 18, als Teil eines Gelenks zur Verbindung mit einem angrenzenden Salonmodul, beispielsweise dem Modul 3 aus Fig. 2. Im Innenraum des Fahrwerksmoduls 4, das ein erstes, breiteres Modul im Sinne der vorliegenden Erfindung ist, ist eine Vielzahl Stühle bzw. Sitze vorgesehen. Mit Bezugszeichen versehen ist beispielhaft ein Sitzpaar 19 und ein weiteres Sitzpaar 19'. In diesem Beispiel ist pro Reihe eine sogenannte 2+2-Bestuhlung vorgesehen. Rechts und links der Längsachse L des Moduls 4 befinden sich jeweils zwei nebeneinander angeordnete Sitze, bzw. jeweils ein Sitzpaar, die durch einen Mittelgang getrennt sind. Beispielhaft sind für eine Sitzreihe das Sitzpaar 19 und das Sitzpaar 19'. Dargestellt sind drei Sitzreihen mit jeweils einer 2+2-Bestuhlung. Nicht dargestellt ist in Fig. 3 ein schmaleres Salonmodul 3 (siehe Fig. 2), worin eine 2+1-Bestuhlung vorgesehen ist.In 3 the view from above falls on the in 1 and 2 shown bogie / chassis module 4. Shown is a cross section through the interior. Shown is a socket 18 as part of a joint for connection to an adjacent saloon module such as module 3 from FIG 2 . A large number of chairs or seats are provided in the interior of the chassis module 4, which is a first, wider module in the sense of the present invention. A pair of seats 19 and a further pair of seats 19' are provided with reference symbols. In this example, so-called 2+2 seating is provided for each row. To the right and left of the longitudinal axis L of the module 4 are two seats arranged side by side, or one pair of seats, which are separated by a central aisle. The pair of seats 19 and the pair of seats 19' are examples of a row of seats. Shown are three rows of seats, each with 2+2 seating. Not shown in 3 a narrower saloon module 3 (see 2 ), in which 2+1 seating is provided.

In der Fig. 4 ist eine Draufsicht auf den Übergangsbereich zwischen dem ersten Modul 4 und dem zweiten Modul 3 dargestellt. Zwischen den Modulen 3, 4 befindet sich das Gelenk 20 mit den gegeneinander drehbaren Teilen 18 und 21, die jeweils mit einem der Module 3 oder 4 verbunden sind. Über dem Gelenk 20 ist, hier nicht dargestellt, eine Drehscheibe angeordnet. Weiterhin ist zwischen dem ersten Wagenkastenmodul 4 und dem zweiten Wagenkastenmodul 3 ein schematisch dargestellter Faltenbalg 11, der alternativ ein Wellenbalg sein kann, angeordnet, um den Übergang nach außen hin zu verschließen. In der dargestellten Schnittansicht sind zwei Seitenwände 22, 23 des Faltenbalgs 11 zu sehen. Die Seitenwände 22, 23 weisen auf der Seite des ersten Wagenkastenmoduls 4, also zu dem Modul 4 hin, einen größeren Abstand voneinander auf als auf der Seite des zweiten Wagenkastenmoduls 3. Somit nimmt in dieser Ansicht der Faltenbalg einen trichterförmigen Verlauf, d.h. der Faltenbalg verengt sich vom breiteren ersten Modul 4 zum schmaleren zweiten Modul 3 hin. Alternativ ist in einem nicht gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel auch eine parallele Anordnung der Seitenwände 22, 23 möglich.In the 4 a plan view of the transition area between the first module 4 and the second module 3 is shown. Between the modules 3, 4 is the joint 20 with the mutually rotatable parts 18 and 21, which are each connected to one of the modules 3 or 4. A turntable is arranged above the joint 20 (not shown here). Furthermore, between the first car body module 4 and the second car body module 3, a schematically illustrated bellows 11, which can alternatively be a corrugated bellows, is arranged in order to close the transition to the outside. In the sectional view shown, two side walls 22, 23 of the bellows 11 can be seen. The side walls 22, 23 are at a greater distance from one another on the side of the first car body module 4, i.e. towards the module 4, than on the side of the second car body module 3. In this view, the bellows thus takes a funnel-shaped course, i.e. the bellows narrows from the wider first module 4 to the narrower second module 3. Alternatively, in an exemplary embodiment that is not shown, a parallel arrangement of the side walls 22, 23 is also possible.

Zusätzlich ist ersichtlich, dass zu Optimierung von Hüllkurventhematik in unterschiedlichen Schieneninfrastrukturnetzen in Abhängigkeit von jeweilig unterschiedlich kleinsten Kurvenradien die Länge der Seitenwände 22 und 23 unterschiedlich sein kann. Sie ist definiert als Abstand 24 zweier Module zueinander, der einen Bereich zwischen 0,7 m und 1,5 m in einnehmen kann. In addition, it can be seen that the length of the side walls 22 and 23 can be different in order to optimize envelope curves in different rail infrastructure networks depending on the respectively different smallest curve radii. It is defined as the distance 24 between two modules, which can range between 0.7 m and 1.5 m.

Claims (8)

  1. A streetcar (1) comprising
    - first car body modules (2, 4, 6),
    - second car body modules (3, 5),
    wherein the first car body modules (2, 4, 6) and the second car body modules (3, 5) are connected to one another in an articulated manner,
    the width (B1) of a first car body module (2, 4, 6) being greater than the width (B2) of a second car body module (3, 5)
    characterized in that
    the width ratio (B1/B2) of the first car body module (2, 4, 6) to the second car body module (3, 5) is 1.03:1 to 1.2:1,
    the first car body module (2, 4, 6) has seat rows having a first pair (19) of adjacently arranged seats and a second pair (19') of adjacently arranged seats, wherein the seat pairs are separated from one another by an aisle, and,
    the second car body module (3, 5) has seat rows having a first pair of adjacently arranged seats and a single seat, wherein the seat pairs are separated from the individual seat by an aisle.
  2. The streetcar according to claim 1, wherein, in at least one section of the streetcar, the first car body modules (2, 4, 6) and the second car body modules (3, 5) are arranged alternating.
  3. The streetcar according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the length ratio of the first car body module to the second car body module is 1.3:1 to 2.5:1.
  4. The streetcar according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the distance (24) between two car body modules is 0.7 m to 1.5 m.
  5. The streetcar according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the first car body module (2, 4, 6) has a chassis (7, 8, 9) or bogie.
  6. The streetcar according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the first car body module (2, 4, 6) and the second car body module (3, 5) have a rectangular or essentially rectangular footprint.
  7. The streetcar according to any of the preceding claims, wherein a bellows (10, 11, 12, 13) or gangway bellows is arranged between the first car body module (2, 4, 6) and the second car body module (3, 5).
  8. The streetcar according to claim 7, wherein the bellows or gangway bellows (11) has side walls (22, 23) and the side walls (22, 23) are in a greater distance from one another at the first body car module (4) than at the second body car module (3).
EP14709938.6A 2013-03-14 2014-03-12 Modular rail vehicle having modules of different widths Active EP2969699B2 (en)

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DE102013204483.6A DE102013204483A1 (en) 2013-03-14 2013-03-14 Modular rail vehicle with modules of different widths
PCT/EP2014/054839 WO2014140101A1 (en) 2013-03-14 2014-03-12 Modular rail vehicle having modules of different widths

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AU (1) AU2014230756B2 (en)
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CN107901993A (en) * 2017-12-18 2018-04-13 成都市新筑路桥机械股份有限公司 A kind of articulated coach of floated compartment automatic tracking
CN110497949B (en) * 2019-09-12 2021-04-16 安徽新大陆特种涂料有限责任公司 Oxygen, acetylene synchronous carrier

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EP0071689A1 (en) † 1981-08-08 1983-02-16 Messerschmitt-Bölkow-Blohm Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung Shell of a railway vehicle body
CZ11625U1 (en) † 2001-09-18 2001-10-11 Čkd Dopravní Systémy, A.S. Three-section tram vehicle with variable floor height
JP2005335512A (en) † 2004-05-26 2005-12-08 East Japan Railway Co Organized train for traveling at high speed
EP1967436A1 (en) † 2007-03-08 2008-09-10 Alstom Transport S.A. Rail convoy for transporting passengers
EP2345566A1 (en) † 2010-01-19 2011-07-20 Bombardier Transportation GmbH Passenger seat fixation for a vehicle

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DE465820C (en) * 1928-09-26 Christoph & Unmack A G Articulated car train for trams, especially rapid transit trains
DE1180392B (en) * 1957-02-23 1964-10-29 Reichsbahn Vertreten Durch Das Intermediate car for an articulated train consisting of intermediate and main parts
HU173861B (en) * 1976-03-20 1979-09-28 Ganz Mavag Mozdony Vagon Passenger train made of cabin-like units
BE868512A (en) * 1976-12-15 1978-10-16 Leriverend Jean Paul M ARTICULATED SELF-PROPELLED VEHICLE
AT403267B (en) 1991-12-19 1997-12-29 Bombardier Wien Schienen RAIL VEHICLE, IN PARTICULAR LOW-FLOOR VEHICLE
DE4239882A1 (en) * 1992-11-27 1994-06-01 Abb Henschel Waggon Union Track-bound vehicle

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0071689A1 (en) † 1981-08-08 1983-02-16 Messerschmitt-Bölkow-Blohm Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung Shell of a railway vehicle body
CZ11625U1 (en) † 2001-09-18 2001-10-11 Čkd Dopravní Systémy, A.S. Three-section tram vehicle with variable floor height
JP2005335512A (en) † 2004-05-26 2005-12-08 East Japan Railway Co Organized train for traveling at high speed
EP1967436A1 (en) † 2007-03-08 2008-09-10 Alstom Transport S.A. Rail convoy for transporting passengers
EP2345566A1 (en) † 2010-01-19 2011-07-20 Bombardier Transportation GmbH Passenger seat fixation for a vehicle

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EP2969699A1 (en) 2016-01-20
ES2743430T5 (en) 2022-12-28
PL2969699T3 (en) 2020-01-31
AU2014230756B2 (en) 2017-10-05
PL2969699T5 (en) 2023-03-06
AU2014230756A1 (en) 2015-10-08
EP2969699B1 (en) 2019-06-26
DE102013204483A1 (en) 2014-09-18
CN105143010B (en) 2019-07-09
WO2014140101A1 (en) 2014-09-18
ES2743430T3 (en) 2020-02-19
CN105143010A (en) 2015-12-09

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