EP2953999A1 - Mousses de polystyrène - Google Patents

Mousses de polystyrène

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Publication number
EP2953999A1
EP2953999A1 EP14702860.9A EP14702860A EP2953999A1 EP 2953999 A1 EP2953999 A1 EP 2953999A1 EP 14702860 A EP14702860 A EP 14702860A EP 2953999 A1 EP2953999 A1 EP 2953999A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
polystyrene
foam
rigid
anthracite
graphitic
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
EP14702860.9A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Wilhelm Frohs
Werner Handl
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
FROHS, WILHELM
Original Assignee
SGL Carbon SE
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by SGL Carbon SE filed Critical SGL Carbon SE
Publication of EP2953999A1 publication Critical patent/EP2953999A1/fr
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
    • C08J9/0014—Use of organic additives
    • C08J9/0019—Use of organic additives halogenated
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
    • C08J9/0014—Use of organic additives
    • C08J9/0038—Use of organic additives containing phosphorus
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
    • C08J9/0066—Use of inorganic compounding ingredients
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
    • C08J9/0095—Mixtures of at least two compounding ingredients belonging to different one-dot groups
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
    • C08J9/04—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent
    • C08J9/12—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent
    • C08J9/14—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent organic
    • C08J9/141—Hydrocarbons
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
    • C08J9/16—Making expandable particles
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
    • C08J9/16—Making expandable particles
    • C08J9/20—Making expandable particles by suspension polymerisation in the presence of the blowing agent
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
    • C08J9/22—After-treatment of expandable particles; Forming foamed products
    • C08J9/228—Forming foamed products
    • C08J9/232—Forming foamed products by sintering expandable particles
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/02—Elements
    • C08K3/04—Carbon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
    • C08K5/0008—Organic ingredients according to more than one of the "one dot" groups of C08K5/01 - C08K5/59
    • C08K5/0066—Flame-proofing or flame-retarding additives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
    • C08K5/02—Halogenated hydrocarbons
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
    • C08K5/49—Phosphorus-containing compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2201/00—Foams characterised by the foaming process
    • C08J2201/02—Foams characterised by the foaming process characterised by mechanical pre- or post-treatments
    • C08J2201/03—Extrusion of the foamable blend
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2201/00—Foams characterised by the foaming process
    • C08J2201/02—Foams characterised by the foaming process characterised by mechanical pre- or post-treatments
    • C08J2201/034—Post-expanding of foam beads or sheets
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2203/00—Foams characterized by the expanding agent
    • C08J2203/14—Saturated hydrocarbons, e.g. butane; Unspecified hydrocarbons
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2205/00—Foams characterised by their properties
    • C08J2205/04—Foams characterised by their properties characterised by the foam pores
    • C08J2205/052—Closed cells, i.e. more than 50% of the pores are closed
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2205/00—Foams characterised by their properties
    • C08J2205/10—Rigid foams
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2325/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an aromatic carbocyclic ring; Derivatives of such polymers
    • C08J2325/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of hydrocarbons
    • C08J2325/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of styrene
    • C08J2325/06—Polystyrene
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K2201/00—Specific properties of additives
    • C08K2201/002—Physical properties
    • C08K2201/003—Additives being defined by their diameter
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K2201/00—Specific properties of additives
    • C08K2201/016—Additives defined by their aspect ratio

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to polystyrene rigid foams comprising thermally pretreated, non-graphitic anthracite coke particles, shaped bodies containing these rigid polystyrene foams and the use of these shaped bodies for thermal insulation.
  • Polystyrene rigid foams have long been known and are used, inter alia, as thermal insulation materials in the form of boards in construction.
  • the rigid polystyrene foam has a closed-cell structure, ie this foam consists to a few percent of solid polystyrene and predominantly of trapped air.
  • This closed-cell structure leads to a low thermal conductivity, which gives the polystyrene foam the good suitability as a thermal insulation material.
  • the density of the polystyrene foam which is determined by the degree of foaming of the polystyrene particles, has a decisive influence on the thermal conductivity.
  • polystyrene foam thermal insulation boards used in the building industry have densities of 20 or 30 kg / m 3 , which corresponds to a thermal conductivity of 40 to 35 mW / mK.
  • polystyrene foam with a density of less than 20 kg / m 3 was also considered, but this polystyrene rigid foam has too high a thermal conductivity of more than 45 mW / mK.
  • Athermane materials are materials that absorb the heat, in particular the heat due to infrared radiation. Accordingly, the addition of athermanous materials reduces the radiation permeability to polystyrene foam.
  • metal oxides such as Al 2 O 3 or Fe 2 O 3
  • non-metal oxides such as SiO 2
  • metal powder, aluminum powder, carbon black, graphite, calcined petroleum coke, meta-anthracite, anthracite or organic Dyes or dye pigments proposed (EP 0620246, WO 97/45477, WO 98/51734, WO 00/43442, WO 2010/031537, DE 202010013 850, DE 202010013851).
  • the athermane material added here is intended to permit a more energy-efficient grinding, the In addition, these milled particles can be dispersed well in a polystyrene matrix.
  • this object is achieved by a rigid polystyrene foam which contains thermally pretreated, non-graphitic anthracite coke particles. In this case, these Anthrazitkoksteilchen act as athermanes material.
  • Anthracite coke particles when used herein, mean thermally pretreated, non-graphitic anthracite coke particles.
  • polystyrene rigid foams comprising anthracite coke particles, preferably gas-calcined anthracite coke particles, have a density of less than 40 kg / m 3 , preferably less than 20 kg / m 3 , and a heat conductivity of less than 40 mW / mK, preferably less than 35 mW / mK ie it is possible to provide the desired thermal insulation properties.
  • anthracite coke particles can be grinded in a more energy-efficient manner in comparison with, for example, graphite particles (natural graphite or synthetic graphite), since the corresponding throughput is increased, with the proportion of unusable by-product (fine filter dust) being lower in comparison with graphite.
  • graphite particles natural graphite or synthetic graphite
  • fine filter dust unusable by-product
  • Graphitic anthracite which can be obtained by a temperature treatment at over 2200 ° C, represents a synthetic graphite.
  • the ground Anthrazitkoksteilchen in the desired
  • the rigid polystyrene foam may be extruded polystyrene foam (XPS) or polystyrene foam (EPS).
  • XPS is produced on extrusion lines as a continuous foam strand;
  • polystyrene is melted in the extruder and after adding a blowing agent, such as CO2, continuously discharged through a slot die, which builds behind the slot die the foam strand.
  • foams can be produced with a thickness between 20 and 200 mm.
  • the foam strand is cut to the desired shape, ie into blocks, plates or shaped parts.
  • This extruded polystyrene foam is a closed-cell foam that absorbs only small amounts of moisture and is resistant to aging.
  • XPS is sold under the name Styrodur® C or Styrofoam®.
  • EPS polystyrene granules (polystyrene grit)
  • the blowing agent is copolymerized pentane, pre-expanded at temperatures above 90 ° C. Due to the temperature, the blowing agent evaporates and inflates the thermoplastic base material up to 20 to 50 times to polystyrene foam particles. From these foam particles blocks or plates or molded parts are then prepared in discontinuous or continuous systems by a second hot steam treatment between 1 10 ° C and 120 ° C.
  • EPS is a predominantly closed-cell insulation material with trapped air, whereby EPS consists of 98% air and is also moisture-resistant.
  • EPS is sold under the name Styropor®.
  • Polystyrene useful for the present invention can be obtained by a suspension polymerization of, for example, styrene in the presence of anthracite coke particles. In this process, the styrene is polymerized in aqueous suspension in the presence of anthracite coke particles, and the addition of a propellant, such as pentane, occurs before, during or after the polymerization.
  • styrene is emulsified in water, wherein emulsifiers are used for emulsion stabilization.
  • the initiators used for the polymerization are water-soluble, the polymerization likewise taking place in the presence of anthracite coke particles.
  • Polymers which can be used in the processes described above are expandable styrene polymers, in particular homopolymers and copolymers of styrene, preferably glass-clear polystyrene (GPPS), impact polystyrene (HIPS), anionically polymerized polystyrene or impact polystyrene (A-IPS), styrene-alpha-methylstyrene copolymers, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene polymers (ABS), styrene-acrylonitrile (SAN) acrylonitrile-styrene-acrylic esters (ASA), methyl acrylate-butadiene-styrene (MBS) and methyl methacrylate-acrylonitrile.
  • GPPS glass-clear polystyrene
  • HIPS impact polystyrene
  • A-IPS anionically polymerized polystyrene or impact polystyrene
  • the polystyrene has a weight average M w in the range of 150,000 g / mol to 350,000 g / mol, more preferably from 150,000 g / mol to 300,000 g / mol, most preferably from 180,000 g / mol to 250,000 g / mol.
  • the determination of the weight average M w can take place via the gel permeation chromatography at room temperature, it being possible, for example, to use tetrahydrofuran as eluent.
  • the anthracite coke particles are homogeneously distributed in the rigid polystyrene foam.
  • styrene particle foam EPS
  • EPS styrene particle foam
  • the anthracite coke particles do not interfere with nucleation in the production of, for example, EPS.
  • Anthrazitkoksteilchen is also supported by the good dispersibility of these particles in the polystyrene matrix. Due to the surface properties of these anthracite coke particles, they can be wetted well by the polystyrene matrix, which, in the course of dispersion, ensures that the agglomerates are better divided, ie there are fewer agglomerates overall in the polystyrene matrix.
  • the Anthrazitkoksteilchen are platelet-shaped.
  • the platelet form of the anthracite coke particles also does not impair the fine cell structure of the styrene polymer particles, in particular of the expanded styrene polymer particles.
  • the platelets have a larger surface, for example compared to the spherical shape, as a result of which these platelets have a highly reflective effect on the incident infrared radiation.
  • the anthracite coke particles have an aspect ratio of greater than 2, preferably greater than 10, more preferably greater than 20.
  • these aspect ratios are in the range of greater than 2 to 20, more preferably in the range of greater than 10 to 50, and most preferably in the range of greater than 20 to 100.
  • the circle diameter (D) of the surface of the wafer is added to the thickness (T ) of the platelet, as shown in FIG.
  • the incident infrared radiation is reflected particularly well.
  • the good reflection of the infrared radiation requires that this radiation Development is only slightly absorbed, which means that, for example, moldings made of the polystyrene foam according to the invention do not strongly heat when exposed to sunlight and thus are not deformed.
  • the d 50 value indicates the average particle size, with 50% of the particles being smaller than the stated value.
  • anthracite The thermal treatment of anthracite is carried out on an industrial scale usually in gas-fired shaft furnaces or in electrically operated furnaces.
  • This calcining technology is also referred to as gas-calcined anthracites (Gas Calcined Antracite, GCA) and electrically calcined anthracites (Electrically Calcined Anthracites, ECA).
  • GCA Gas-calcined Antracite
  • ECA Electrically calcined anthracites
  • the temperature range at which the anthracite is treated gives a non-graphitic anthracite coke.
  • an electrocalcination if the temperature treatment takes place at below 2200 ° C., a non-graphitic anthracite coke is likewise obtained.
  • a graphitic carbon i. an anthracite-based synthetic graphite.
  • the desired non-graphitic anthracite cokes can be made by the thermal treatment of green anthracite in a temperature range of greater than 500 ° C to 2200 ° C.
  • the thermal treatment takes the form of gas or electrocalcination, preferably in the form of gas calcination.
  • the anthracite is in the gas calcination at temperatures in a range of 1200 ° C to 1500 ° C and in the electrocalcination at temperatures in a range from 1800 ° C to 2200 ° C, with the formation of graphitic regions not taking place.
  • an anthracite coke which has been prepared by means of gas calcination is used.
  • the starting material is a green anthracite, ie a coal with the highest degree of coalification and a reflecting surface.
  • Anthracites are fundamentally different from other types of coal due to their low volatile content ( ⁇ 10% by weight), density of approx. 1.3 to 1.4 g / cm 3 and carbon content of> 92% by weight. % marked.
  • the energy content ranges from approx. 26 MJ / kg to 33 MJ / kg.
  • the macerate content, ie the content of organic, rock-forming components, should have the following values:
  • anthracite is used for the present invention, having a content of volatile constituents of less than 5 wt .-% and a carbon content of at least 95 wt .-% after gas or Elektrkalzintechnik.
  • An anthracite which has been subjected to either gas calcination at about 1250 ° C or electrocalcination at 1800 ° C to 2200 ° C, for example, can be characterized as follows:
  • Hydrogen content [% by weight] ⁇ 0.2, preferably ⁇ 0.15 ⁇ 0.08, preferably ⁇ 0.05
  • the anthracite coke according to the present invention preferably has a density of> 1, 8 g / cm 3 , preferably a sulfur content of ⁇ 5.0 weight percent (wt .-%), preferably a hydrogen content of ⁇ 0.15 wt .-% and preferably an ash content of ⁇ 5.0% by weight.
  • anthracite coke particles are structurally in a completely non-graphitic state.
  • the X-ray fine structure analysis is applied in the form of a powder diffractometer in Bragg-Brentano arrangement and Cu a radiation.
  • a graphitic or partially graphitic structure is present if the three-dimensional interferences of the graphite lattice (100/101/102/1 10 and 1 12) are detectable in the X-ray diffractogram, as shown in Figure 2 (see Fitzer, Funk, Rozploch, 4th London International Carbon and Graphite Conference, 1974).
  • Graphitic carbons are all carbon species that contain the element carbon in the allotropic form of graphite, regardless of existing structural defects.
  • graphitic carbon is justified when a three-dimensional hexagonal crystalline long-range order in the material can be detected by diffraction methods, regardless of the volume fraction and the homogeneity of the distribution of such crystalline domains. If no three-dimensional long-range order is detectable, the term non-graphitic carbon should be used.
  • Non-Graphitic Carbon Fibers are all types of solids consisting primarily of the element carbonaceous, with two-dimensional long-range ordering of carbon atoms in planar hexagonal networks. However, apart from the more or less parallel stacking, there is no measurable crystallographic order in the third direction (c direction).
  • Non-graphitic carbon converts some types of non-graphitic carbon into graphitic carbon, but not others (non-graphitizable carbon). Since (002) interference is easy to measure due to its high intensity, the average layer pitch available from it using the Bragg equation is often used for the first distinction between graphitic and non-graphitic carbons (Maire and Mehring (Proc Conf. On Carbon, Pergamon Press 1960, pp. 345-350). Accordingly, non-graphitic carbons have an average layer pitch of> 0.344 nm.
  • the athermanous particles used according to the invention are thermally pretreated, non-graphitic anthracite coke particles which are non-graphitic carbons.
  • thermally pretreated, non-graphitic Anthrazitkoksteilchen used in the examples an X-ray diffractogram results as shown in Fig. 3.
  • the X-ray diffractogram according to FIG. 3 shows only a broad (002) interference and the homologous (004) interference. Three-dimensional interference is not recognizable. Partial (002) interference in FIG. 4 also does not show a graphitized phase.
  • the mean layer-plane distance from the angle of (002) interference is 0.3523 nm, well above the limit for graphitic carbons ⁇ 0344 nm (see Table 1).
  • the polystyrene foam comprises anthracite coke particles in an amount of from 0.5% to 10.0% by weight, preferably from 1.0% to 8.0% by weight. , particularly preferably from 2.0 wt .-% to 6.0 wt .-%, most preferably from 2.5 wt .-% to 4.5 wt .-% based on the amount of rigid foam.
  • anthracite coke particles is further advantageous in that the particles are obtained after milling in the desired platelet form.
  • grinding jet mills can be selected from the group consisting of air, gas or steam jet mills.
  • the preferred air jet mill used is a spiral jet or counter jet mill, particularly preferably a spiral jet or counter jet mill having an integrated air classifier.
  • the rigid polystyrene foams are used as thermal insulation materials in the form of boards in construction, it is necessary that these insulating materials are difficult to incinerate, ie they pass the fire tests B1 and B2 according to DIN 4102. Thus, the polystyrene rigid foams according to the invention are not easy to incinerate and the required fire tests
  • the rigid foams may additionally contain flame retardants. These flameproofing agents are organic halogen compounds, preferably organic bromine compounds, particularly preferably aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or aromatic bromine compounds, and / or phosphorus compounds.
  • the organic bromine compounds are selected from the group consisting of hexabromocyclododecane, pentabromochlorocyclohexane or pentabromophenyl allyl ether and are used as phosphorus compounds 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phospha-phenanthrene-10-oxide (DOP-O) or triphenyl phosphate (TPP) is particularly preferably used.
  • DOP-O 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phospha-phenanthrene-10-oxide
  • TPP triphenyl phosphate
  • the required amount of flame retardant can be reduced, ie the flame retardants are in the polystyrene foam in an amount of less than 2.0 wt .-%, preferably less than 1, 5 wt .-%, particularly preferably less than 1, 0 wt .-%, based on the amount of rigid foam before.
  • the polystyrene foam according to the invention can be produced cheaper and more environmentally friendly, since less flame retardants, in particular less organic bromine compounds and / or phosphorus compounds are needed.
  • a more cost-effective production of the polystyrene rigid foam according to the invention is also made possible by the rigid foam having a density of from 1 to 20 kg / m 3 , preferably from 5 to 20 kg / m 3 , particularly preferably from 10 to 20 kg / m 3 and especially preferably from 12 to 18 kg / m 3 .
  • the rigid foam having a density of from 1 to 20 kg / m 3 , preferably from 5 to 20 kg / m 3 , particularly preferably from 10 to 20 kg / m 3 and especially preferably from 12 to 18 kg / m 3 .
  • it comes to a material saving since less polystyrene can be used.
  • the rigid polystyrene foam according to the invention has a thermal conductivity of from 20 mW / mK to 40 mW / mK, preferably from 25 mW / mK to 35 mW / mK.
  • the present invention furthermore relates to a shaped body which contains a rigid polystyrene foam according to the invention and to the use of such a shaped body for thermal insulation.
  • a shaped body for example, plates can be considered, which are used for thermal insulation, preferably in construction.
  • polystyrene rigid foams which contain anthracite particles having graphitic structures as athermanous particles exhibit thermal conductivity values which are up to 2 W / m-K worse.
  • Polystyrene having a molecular weight of 220,000 g / mol was in an extruder together with 3.5 wt .-% gas calcined Anthrazitkoksteilchen, prepared on a jet mill, with a mean particle diameter d 5 o of 3.5 ⁇ and an aspect ratio of 20 and with 0.8 wt .-% Hexabromcyclododecan and 0.1 wt .-% dicumyl melted, mixed with 6.5 wt .-% pentane and cooled to about 120 ° C.
  • the mixture thus obtained was discharged through a perforated nozzle to endless strands cooled over a cooling bath and granulated by means of a strand granulator to individual pieces.
  • the cylindrical granules had a diameter of about 0.8 mm and a length of about 10.0 mm.
  • the granules were then foamed to a density of 15 kg / m 3 .
  • blocks were pressed and cut into 50 mm thick slabs using hot wire.
  • the plates thus produced had an average thermal conductivity of 32 mW / mK.
  • polystyrene having a molecular weight of 220,000 g / mol together with 1, 0 wt .-% hexabromocyclododecane and 0.2 wt .-% dicumyl and 3.5 wt .-% gas calcined Anthrazitkoksteilchen, prepared on an opposed jet mill, melted with a mean particle diameter of 4.0 ⁇ and an aspect ratio of 35.
  • the foaming was made directly in the extruder to the final density.
  • the polystyrene foam was discharged endlessly via a slot die and cooled.
  • the moldings had a density of 14 kg / m 3 and a thermal conductivity of 31 mW / mK.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Porous Articles, And Recovery And Treatment Of Waste Products (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne des mousses de polystyrène renfermant des particules de charbon anthraciteux non graphitiques thermotraitées, des corps moulés comportant ces mousses de polystyrène, ainsi que l'utilisation de ces corps moulés à des fins d'isolation thermique.
EP14702860.9A 2013-02-05 2014-02-05 Mousses de polystyrène Ceased EP2953999A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102013201844 2013-02-05
PCT/EP2014/052274 WO2014122190A1 (fr) 2013-02-05 2014-02-05 Mousses de polystyrène

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EP2953999A1 true EP2953999A1 (fr) 2015-12-16

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US (1) US20150337101A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP2953999A1 (fr)
KR (1) KR101782702B1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2014122190A1 (fr)

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CN109804004B (zh) * 2016-10-10 2022-12-09 道达尔研究技术弗吕公司 改进的能膨胀的乙烯基芳族聚合物
CN109863195B (zh) * 2016-10-10 2022-08-19 道达尔研究技术弗吕公司 改进的能膨胀的乙烯基芳族聚合物
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Publication number Publication date
WO2014122190A1 (fr) 2014-08-14
US20150337101A1 (en) 2015-11-26
KR20150115879A (ko) 2015-10-14
KR101782702B1 (ko) 2017-09-27

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