EP2953819B1 - Rail vehicle having a device for pedestrian protection and device for pedestrian protection - Google Patents
Rail vehicle having a device for pedestrian protection and device for pedestrian protection Download PDFInfo
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- EP2953819B1 EP2953819B1 EP14702875.7A EP14702875A EP2953819B1 EP 2953819 B1 EP2953819 B1 EP 2953819B1 EP 14702875 A EP14702875 A EP 14702875A EP 2953819 B1 EP2953819 B1 EP 2953819B1
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- vehicle
- rail vehicle
- inflated
- person
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61F—RAIL VEHICLE SUSPENSIONS, e.g. UNDERFRAMES, BOGIES OR ARRANGEMENTS OF WHEEL AXLES; RAIL VEHICLES FOR USE ON TRACKS OF DIFFERENT WIDTH; PREVENTING DERAILING OF RAIL VEHICLES; WHEEL GUARDS, OBSTRUCTION REMOVERS OR THE LIKE FOR RAIL VEHICLES
- B61F19/00—Wheel guards; Bumpers; Obstruction removers or the like
Definitions
- the invention relates to a rail vehicle with a device for protecting pedestrians in the event of a collision with the front of the vehicle according to the preamble of claim 1, as well as a device for protecting pedestrians for use on rail vehicles according to the preamble of claim 10.
- Rail vehicles such as low or medium-floor trams or light rail vehicles, mostly run in mixed operation. This means that they represent participants in public transport and thus interact with people as road users.
- Running over people is problematic in several areas. On the one hand, there is already a significant risk of injury when the person "pulls" into the gap at the front of the vehicle under the vehicle. Furthermore, injuries when the pulled-in person or parts of the person roll over by the wheels can hardly be avoided. In addition, an open coupling area on the vehicle harbors an additional high risk of injury. If a rail vehicle comes to a standstill before a person who has already got under the vehicle comes into the immediate danger area of the wheels, life-threatening injuries can be reduced to a minimum, even if never completely ruled out.
- This second structure that folds down forms a "ramp" directly in front of the first chassis, so that if the obstacle breaks through on the first structure, "reading” can take place in front of the danger area.
- Such a system has been widely known from its use in, for example, high-floor trams, for example the "DUEWAG” make, since the 1960s.
- a disadvantage of these protection systems is therefore that the majority of the vehicle types that use them are high-floor or medium-floor vehicles, which are usually equipped with a suitable ground clearance.
- Another disadvantage is that sharp-edged deformations or breaks in the existing protective structures can occur if they cannot bear the load of the person being “pushed”.
- a damping soft layer for example a polyurethane (PU) -containing plastic
- PU polyurethane
- these systems do not offer any protection against people being drawn in or being run over under the vehicle.
- Such a solution is for example in the "Hermelijn” low-floor trams of the operator "De Lijn” in Ghent and Belgium Antwerp known.
- JP 2005 041 427 A discloses a rail vehicle with a collision protection device, the device consisting of two airbags which are arranged at the front of the vehicle.
- a deflector is arranged on the underside of the vehicle to prevent a person from being drawn in in the event of a collision.
- a vehicle is known with at least one pyrotechnically triggered energy absorption element arranged outside the vehicle interior.
- the element is arranged in the front area of the vehicle, in particular in the area of the front bumper unit.
- KR 2011 0071693 A discloses a rail vehicle which has an extendable deflector device which can be extended in the event of a collision and, in the extended state, is provided with means for catching and repelling people who have collided with the vehicle.
- an extendable deflector device which can be extended in the event of a collision and, in the extended state, is provided with means for catching and repelling people who have collided with the vehicle.
- sufficient ground clearance on the vehicle is required to arrange the device.
- the object of the invention is to present a rail vehicle with a device which enables a person who has come in front of the vehicle to be completely “rejected" from the danger area.
- the aim is to completely prevent a pedestrian from rolling over.
- the invention includes a rail vehicle with a device or a device per se, which consists of an arrangement of one or more inflatable structures in an area under the front panel, which can be inflated by means of a gas medium. It is advantageously provided that the respective structure can not only represent an open, but also a closed body.
- the structures consist of metallic materials. It is also advantageous that when metallic materials are used, the structure consists of a welded, flexible double plate which can be inflated with a gas medium by internal pressure forming via a supply line or a gas generator connected directly to the structure. In optimization steps, the metal structure can be flexible either by choosing the wall thickness or by substituting it with other Metal structures are changed.
- the structure consists of a metallic membrane material which has a meshed wire structure, the meshed wire structure being able to be designed in one or more layers.
- the meshed wire structure has inner and / or outer protective layers made of elastic materials.
- the invention describes a selected embodiment of the inflatable structure as a closed, welded metallic double plate with a small wall thickness. This choice represents only one of the possible combinations of the invention and is not limited exclusively to this selection.
- a special metallic membrane material should be used, which primarily consists of a metallic, fine-meshed wire mesh.
- the structure has flexible, inflatable, crack-resistant and contact-resistant properties.
- the structure is covered from the inside with an elastic film, which reduces or completely prevents the escape of gas.
- this inner film can also be omitted, depending on the required pressure drop specifications.
- the full-surface or partial application of additional protective films to the outer skin is possible.
- the inflation of the metal structure is triggered by a sensor system which is arranged on the front of the vehicle.
- the sensor system is advantageously provided with measuring means that recognize and / or detect the frontal impact of a person on the front of the vehicle.
- the metal structure in the activated state forms a geometry-adaptive molded body that fills the cavity between the vehicle substructure and the railroad track.
- the inflation of the metal structure is advantageously carried out at a corresponding rate of expansion, which prevents the risk of a person being drawn in under the vehicle.
- the invention advantageously combines the basic principle of completely "rejecting" the danger area of a person who has come in front of the vehicle by using a closed metal structure that is activated by inflation.
- the teaching is also based on the interaction of electromechanical-pneumatic modes of operation.
- the invention prevents both the pulling in / over driving of a person unexpectedly and immediately in front of the vehicle front on the route to the lying person in the nominal gap on the vehicle front, as well as any further danger of the Rolling over by the rail wheels.
- the closed metal structure can remain under the vehicle as it adapts to changing ground clearance.
- the present invention can be integrated into all rail vehicles with a front panel. In principle, it is irrelevant whether it is a low-floor, medium-floor or high-floor vehicle.
- the protection system according to the invention can be installed in all new rail vehicles and can also be retrofitted in all rail vehicles in use.
- the device 4 consists of at least one structure 7 which can be inflated by means of a gas medium 6 in order to outlast that period of time in a dimensionally stable manner in which the vehicle can be brought to a standstill.
- the device according to the invention is intended to significantly reduce the risk of injury by filling the cavity between the rail vehicle 1 and the ground 3 immediately before or after the collision by the device 4 attached to the underside of the rail vehicle front in such a way that the person 2 involved in the collision does not can get under the rail vehicle 1 and is preferably deflected next to the vehicle tracks. Injuries cannot be ruled out here either, but these should be significantly less and without endangering life. (please refer Figs. 1 and 2 )
- a structural material selection of the device according to the invention is based on a structure 7, pronounced as a metal structure, namely on a thin sheet structure which is expanded or inflated by a gas medium 6 introduced via supply lines 11 (different inflation states 8, 9, Figures 3 and 4 ).
- the structure can also be connected directly to a gas generator (not shown).
- the flexibility of the metal structure can be adjusted through the wall thickness and this structure can be in the form of a “tailored blank” in the form of welded double blanks, with alternative, softer metal materials also being conceivable.
- This arrangement is not visible from the outside in the initial state before activation of a detection technology (not the subject of this invention).
- the device is triggered via a sensor system 10 which is adapted to the front of the rail vehicle and which uses optical, mechanical or other measuring principles to detect the frontal impact of a person 2 or foresee the impact.
- the mechanism is designed in such a way that the complete final geometry of the molded body is already reached before the risk of the person being "drawn into” arises. As a rule, these are a few milliseconds.
- the structure In order to be able to meet the requirements of a permanently safe functionality of the personal protection component, the structure must have flexible, inflatable, crack-resistant and contact-resistant properties.
- the meshed wire structure 12 can have a single or multi-layer design and have inner and / or outer protective layers made of elastic materials.
- the structure can be covered from the inside with an elastic film 13, which reduces or completely prevents the escape of gas.
- this inner film can also be omitted, depending on the required pressure drop specifications.
- additional protective films 14 it is possible to apply additional protective films 14 to the outer skin over the entire surface or in parts.
- the Figures 5a to 5c show schematically the construction of the inflatable structure 7.
- Figure 5b is a single-layer construction network structure 12 - gas barrier film 13 and in Figure 5c a multi-layer structure is shown with an additional optional tear protection layer 14, which can also be only partially attached.
- the following wire nets are used in particular for the structure 7 according to the invention:
- Stainless steel wire mesh High-strength rustproof materials (materials 1.4306, 1.4301 or similar, HSS and UHSS)
- Mesh density The structure of the wire mesh (mesh density, wire diameter, weave pattern) is to be selected specifically for the load case. For single-layer structures, for example, wire mesh with a mesh density of approx. 45x46 meshes per inch and a wire diameter of around 200 ⁇ m can be used. The use of even finer structures (mesh size up to 5 ⁇ m, for example as an additional gas barrier film (second layer)) as well as coarser structures for the load-bearing layer with mesh sizes up to 5 mm must be determined on an application-specific basis.
- Structure of the networks Orthogonally woven nets ("plane weave") as well as nets with other weaving patterns can be used. These are selected according to the required in-plane stiffness (direction-dependent behavior on pull and push).
- the rail vehicle 1 comprises a device (deflector obstacle deflector) which is located in front of the shock absorption system of the vehicle and which does not respond without being triggered by an activation device. This is intended to ensure the full functionality of the shock absorption system located above it in the event of a crash without the risk of a person being run over.
- a device deflector obstacle deflector
- the triggering of the deflector obstacle deflector takes place either by the driver by actuating a device on the driver's desk or by the automatic detection technology (not part of this invention) of the detection device integrated in the run-up to the rail vehicle.
- the first response from one of these devices triggers the deflector obstacle deflector.
- a gas generator inflates the closed metal structure, which is folded in its starting position.
- an additional deflector movement is carried out during inflation and unfolding in the direction of the roadway, which moves the person (s) being driven over, so to speak, out from under the vehicle.
- this requires the geometry of the closed metal structure to be matched to the relationships between the front cladding and the driveway.
- the closed, folded metal structure can also be made in several parts in order to compensate for particular curvatures of the bumper bar.
- the closed metal structure can, however, rather adapt to changing vertical space conditions such as a reduction in the nominal ground clearance between the bumper bar and the driveway: it is simply compressed by the weight of the vehicle. After this reduction in the height of the closed metal structure, it remains in the state of the reduced height.
- the entire process of obstacle detection as well as triggering and inflating the closed metal structure should take place in real time.
- the present invention is intended in any case to take place in parallel to protect people with regard to driving over, the following should be added: stopping the rail vehicle in good time before a person can be injured by being drawn in / driven over under the vehicle.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Body Structure For Vehicles (AREA)
- Train Traffic Observation, Control, And Security (AREA)
- Refuge Islands, Traffic Blockers, Or Guard Fence (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Schienenfahrzeug mit einer Einrichtung zum Passantenschutz im Falle einer Kollision mit der Fahrzeugfront des Fahrzeuges nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1, sowie eine Einrichtung zum Passantenschutz für den Einsatz an Schienenfahrzeugen nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 10.The invention relates to a rail vehicle with a device for protecting pedestrians in the event of a collision with the front of the vehicle according to the preamble of
Schienenfahrzeuge, wie z.B. Nieder- oder Mittelflurstraßenbahnen oder Stadtbahnen, verkehren zumeist in gemischtem Fahrbetrieb. Dies bedeutet, dass sie Teilnehmer am öffentlichen Verkehr darstellen und damit in Interaktion mit Personen als Straßenbenutzer treten.Rail vehicles, such as low or medium-floor trams or light rail vehicles, mostly run in mixed operation. This means that they represent participants in public transport and thus interact with people as road users.
Seit jeher stellt das Überfahren von Personen, die sich unmittelbar vor dem Fahrzeug befinden, ein Problem dar, da z.B. personenbefördernde Schienenfahrzeuge durch die Aufstandspaarung Metall-Metall zwischen Rad und Schiene, in Verbindung mit der hohen Fahrzeugmasse, in einem längeren Halteweg zum Stillstand kommen als z.B. Automobile, die sowohl weniger Masse als auch durch die Aufstandspaarung Gummi-Asphalt zwischen Rad und Fahrweg eine höhere Friktion aufweisen.Driving over people who are directly in front of the vehicle has always been a problem, as, for example, rail vehicles transporting people come to a standstill in a longer stopping distance due to the metal-metal contact between wheel and rail, in connection with the high vehicle mass For example, automobiles that have both less mass and, due to the rubber-asphalt uprising pairing, between the wheel and the roadway, a higher level of friction.
Das Überfahren von Personen gestaltet sich in mehreren Bereichen problematisch. Einerseits besteht schon beim "Einziehen" der Person in den Spalt an der Fahrzeugfront unter das Fahrzeug signifikante Verletzungsgefahr. Des Weiteren sind Verletzungen beim Überrollen der eingezogenen Person oder Teilen der Person durch die Räder eigentlich kaum zu vermeiden. Zudem birgt ein offener Kupplungsbereich am Fahrzeug eine zusätzlich hohe Verletzungsgefahr. Kommt ein Schienenfahrzeug zum Stillstand, noch bevor eine bereits unter das Fahrzeug geratene Person in den unmittelbaren Gefahrenbereich der Räder gelangt, kann man lebensgefährliche Verletzungen auf ein Minimalmaß reduzieren, wenn auch niemals gänzlich ausschließen.Running over people is problematic in several areas. On the one hand, there is already a significant risk of injury when the person "pulls" into the gap at the front of the vehicle under the vehicle. Furthermore, injuries when the pulled-in person or parts of the person roll over by the wheels can hardly be avoided. In addition, an open coupling area on the vehicle harbors an additional high risk of injury. If a rail vehicle comes to a standstill before a person who has already got under the vehicle comes into the immediate danger area of the wheels, life-threatening injuries can be reduced to a minimum, even if never completely ruled out.
Schutzsysteme, die in den Begriffsbereich "Abweiser - Obstacle deflector" fallen, sind seit Anbeginn der Schienenfahrzeug-Geschichte bekannt und wurden auch schon in den verschiedensten Ausprägungen realisiert. Bekannte Einrichtungen bzw. Lösungen im Bereich Abweiser-Obstacle deflector arbeiten dabei auf Basis der Minimierung der Verletzungsgefahr im Falle des Einziehens oder Überfahrens einer Person in den Spalt an der Fahrzeugfront zwischen Unterboden und Fahrweg.Protection systems that fall under the concept of "Abweiser - Obstacle deflector" have been known since the beginning of rail vehicle history and have already been implemented in a wide variety of forms. Known devices or solutions in the field of deflector-obstacle deflectors work on the basis of minimizing the risk of injury in the event that a person is drawn into or driven over into the gap at the front of the vehicle between the underbody and the driveway.
Im Bereich rein mechanisch abweisender Schutzsysteme und Einrichtungen lag und liegt der Fokus auf der Minimierung von Verletzungen einer Person durch Maßnahmen, die ein Einziehen der bereits teilweise überfahrenen Person in den Aufstandsbereich von Rad und Schiene weitestgehend limitieren oder verhindern sollen. Grundgedanke dieser Systeme ist das Ziel, Personen so lange vom unmittelbaren Gefahrenbereich fernzuhalten, bis das Fahrzeug zum Stillstand gekommen ist. Dabei spielt der Spalt zwischen Fahrzeugunterbau und Fahrweg an der Fahrzeugfront eine entscheidende Rolle. Ist der Spalt hinreichend schmal, sollte es dabei gar nicht erst zu einem Einziehen einer Person unter das Fahrzeug kommen können.In the area of purely mechanically repellent protective systems and facilities, the focus was and is on minimizing injuries to a person through measures that are intended to limit or prevent the person who has already been partially run over from being drawn into the contact area of the wheel and rail as far as possible. The basic idea behind these systems is to keep people away from the immediate danger area until the vehicle has come to a standstill. The gap between the vehicle underbody and the route at the front of the vehicle plays a decisive role. If the gap is sufficiently narrow, it should not be possible for a person to pull in under the vehicle in the first place.
Allerdings stellen die Einsatzbedingungen des Fahrzeuges geometrische Anforderungen an diesen Spalt: zugesicherte verfügbare Bodenfreiheit beim Befahren von vertikalen Radien (Kuppe und Wanne) in Zusammenhang mit den kinematischen Gegebenheiten der Fahrgestellabstände zum vorderen Überhang. Vielfach realisierte Lösungen des Personenschutzes sehen vor, dass ein Hindernis von entsprechender Größe, dass z.B. eine vor dem Fahrzeug liegende Person darstellt, auf eine unmittelbar am Beginn des Spaltes an der Fahrzeugfront vertikal hängende Struktur trifft. Diese Struktur ist so beschaffen, dass sie Hindernisse bis zu einer gewissen Masse schadlos vor sich herschieben kann. Ist jedoch ein Hindernis so beschaffen, dass es entweder aus Gründen zu großer Masse oder zu großer Reibung gegen die Fahrtrichtung nicht weitergeschoben werden kann, lässt diese Struktur eine weitere Struktur vom Unterboden auf den Fahrweg herunterklappen, bevor die erste zu zerbrechen droht. Dabei bildet diese zweite herunterklappende Struktur eine "Rampe" unmittelbar vor dem ersten Fahrgestell, so dass im Falle des Durchbrechens des Hindernisses an der ersten Struktur ein "Auflesen" noch vor dem Gefahrenbereich stattfinden kann. Ein derartiges System ist aus der Anwendung bei zum Beispiel Hochflur-Straßenbahnen, beispielsweise Fabrikat "DUEWAG",seit den 1960er Jahren weitläufig bekannt.However, the operating conditions of the vehicle place geometric requirements on this gap: guaranteed available ground clearance when driving on vertical radii (crest and trough) in connection with the kinematic conditions of the chassis distances to the front overhang. Frequently implemented solutions for personal protection provide that an obstacle of the appropriate size, such as a person lying in front of the vehicle, hits a structure that is vertically suspended directly at the beginning of the gap on the front of the vehicle. This structure is designed in such a way that it can push obstacles up to a certain extent without damage. If, however, an obstacle is such that it cannot be pushed further against the direction of travel, either due to excessive mass or excessive friction, this structure allows another structure to fold down from the underbody onto the driveway before the first threatens to break. This second structure that folds down forms a "ramp" directly in front of the first chassis, so that if the obstacle breaks through on the first structure, "reading" can take place in front of the danger area. Such a system has been widely known from its use in, for example, high-floor trams, for example the "DUEWAG" make, since the 1960s.
Diese Systeme finden allerdings nur dann sinnvollen Einsatz, wenn eine hinreichend große Bodenfreiheit am Fahrzeug existiert, die ein Hindernis von der Größe einer überfahrenen Person überhaupt sinnvoll vor dem Gefahrenbereich abweisen kann, ohne dass die überfahrene Person zuvor bereits großen Schaden genommen hat.However, these systems are only useful if there is sufficient ground clearance on the vehicle that can effectively repel an obstacle the size of a person being run over in front of the danger area without the person being run over having previously suffered major damage.
Ein Nachteil dieser Schutzsysteme ist daher, dass die Mehrheit der Fahrzeugtypen, die diese einsetzen, Hoch- oder Mittelflurfahrzeuge sind, welche üblicherweise mit einer geeigneten Bodenfreiheit ausgestattet sind.A disadvantage of these protection systems is therefore that the majority of the vehicle types that use them are high-floor or medium-floor vehicles, which are usually equipped with a suitable ground clearance.
Ein weiterer Nachteil ist, dass es zu scharfkantigen Verformungen oder Brüchen an den vorhandenen Schutzstrukturen kommen kann, wenn diese die Last der "zu schiebenden" Person nicht tragen können.Another disadvantage is that sharp-edged deformations or breaks in the existing protective structures can occur if they cannot bear the load of the person being “pushed”.
Andere rein mechanische Lösungen zum Überfahrschutz, die im Bereich von Niederflurfahrzeugen zum Einsatz kommen, funktionieren ähnlich dem oben erwähnten Prinzip für Mittel- und Hochflurbahnen jedoch mit dem Unterschied, dass die erste Schutzstruktur nicht "tragend" ausgeführt ist. Zudem liegen diese ersten Strukturen oder Bügel auch bereits in signifikantem Abstand zur Fahrzeugfront. Dies bedeutet zum einen, dass eine überfahrene Person schon relativ weit unter das Fahrzeug geraten sein muss, bevor sie in Kontakt mit der ersten Struktur kommt. Zum anderen ist diese Struktur nicht dafür ausgelegt, die Person weiter vor sich her zu schieben, sondern lediglich die finale "Fangstruktur" herunterklappen zu lassen.Other purely mechanical solutions for run-over protection that are used in the area of low-floor vehicles work similarly to the above-mentioned principle for medium and high-floor railways, but with the difference that the first protective structure is not designed to be "load-bearing". In addition, these first structures or brackets are already at a significant distance from the front of the vehicle. On the one hand, this means that a person who has been run over must have gotten relatively far under the vehicle before they come into contact with the first structure. On the other hand, this structure is not designed to push the person further in front of you, but only to let the final "catch structure" fold down.
Der Einsatz von Airbags in einem Schutzsystem für vor dem Fahrzeug befindlichen Personen wurde von der Schienenfahrzeugindustrie zwar bereits beschrieben, aber bislang nur verhalten realisiert - meist aus dem Argument heraus, dass ein Schutzsystem, das ausschließlich aus Airbag-Applikationen besteht, nach der Airbag-Auslösung nicht reversibel in die Ausgangslage gebracht werden kann. Eine derartige Lösung wird beispielsweise u.a. in der
Eine weitere Schwierigkeit stellt die Formgebung dieser Airbags dar, die ja auch Schutz gegen ein Einziehen in bzw. Überfahren unter das Fahrzeug im Bereich des Spaltes zwischen dem Unterboden an der Fahrzeugfront und dem Fahrweg sicherstellen soll.Another difficulty is the shape of these airbags, which should also ensure protection against being drawn into or driven over under the vehicle in the area of the gap between the underbody at the front of the vehicle and the driveway.
Bekannte Airbagtechnologien erschlaffen nach dem Aufblasvorgang durch Druckabfall. Dadurch stellt sich das Problem der Formhaltigkeit - der Luftsack sollte im aufgeblasenen Zustand, jedenfalls nach dem Aufblasvorgang, zumindest formstabil jenen Zeitbereich überdauern, in dem ein Fahrzeug zum Stillstand gebracht werden kann.Known airbag technologies slacken after the inflation process due to a drop in pressure. This poses the problem of shape retention - in the inflated state, at least after the inflation process, the airbag should at least outlast the period of time in which a vehicle can be brought to a standstill in a dimensionally stable manner.
Relativ weit verbreitete Systeme für den Schutz für vor dem Fahrzeug befindliche Personen stellen sogenannte "Soft-Noses" dar. Hier wird eine dämpfende weiche Schicht, z.B. ein polyurethan(PU)-haltiger Kunststoff, an die vorderste Fahrzeugkontur angebracht, um ein maximales Dämpfen des Aufpralles einer kollidierenden Person mit dem Fahrzeug zu ermöglichen. Diese Systeme bieten allerdings keinen Schutz gegen das Einziehen oder Überfahren von Personen unter das Fahrzeug. Eine derartige Lösung wird beispielsweise in den "Hermelijn"-Niederflur-Straßenbahnen des Betreibers "De Lijn" im Belgischen Gent und Antwerpen bekannt.Relatively widespread systems for protecting people in front of the vehicle are so-called "soft noses". Here, a damping soft layer, for example a polyurethane (PU) -containing plastic, is attached to the foremost vehicle contour in order to achieve maximum damping To enable a colliding person to collide with the vehicle. However, these systems do not offer any protection against people being drawn in or being run over under the vehicle. Such a solution is for example in the "Hermelijn" low-floor trams of the operator "De Lijn" in Ghent and Belgium Antwerp known.
Von den Fahrzeugherstellern wird ferner bereits versucht, die Öffnung an der Fahrzeugfront zwischen Unterboden und dem Fahrweg so klein wie möglich zu halten, um ein Einziehen von Personen unter das Fahrzeug weitestgehend zu unterbinden. Hier gibt es aber den Konflikt von nicht nur vom Betreiber geforderter Mindestbodenfreiheit des Fahrzeugs, sondern auch kinematischen Grenzbedingungen in allen Einsatzbedingungen, vor allem so genannten "Wannenfahrten". In diesen Zuständen durchfährt das Fahrzeug einen vertikalen Radius mit ansteigendem Gradienten ("Wanne" im Gegensatz zur "Kuppe"), der den vertikalen freien Abstand des vordersten Fahrzeugpunktes zum Fahrweg auf ein Minimum reduziert. Dieser Effekt hängt ab von den kinematischen Zusammenhängen zwischen den Abständen des vordersten Fahrzeugpunktes zum Drehpunkt des ersten Fahrgestelles in Kombination des Abstandes dieses Drehpunktes zum Drehpunkt des nächsten Fahrgestelles oder Wagengelenkes.The vehicle manufacturers are also trying to keep the opening at the front of the vehicle between the underbody and the driveway as small as possible in order to prevent people from being drawn in under the vehicle as far as possible. Here, however, there is a conflict of not only the minimum ground clearance required by the operator of the vehicle, but also the kinematic boundary conditions in all operating conditions, especially so-called "tub travel". In these states, the vehicle travels through a vertical radius with an increasing gradient ("trough" as opposed to the "crest"), which reduces the vertical free distance of the foremost vehicle point to the route to a minimum. This effect depends on the kinematic relationships between the distances between the foremost vehicle point and the pivot point of the first chassis in combination with the distance between this pivot point and the pivot point of the next chassis or carriage joint.
Der Großteil bisheriger eingesetzter Schutzeinrichtungen, die das Überfahren einer Person verhindern sollen, zielt darauf ab, die Person vor dem direkten Gefahrenbereich, dem Aufstandsbereich von Rad und Schiene, abzuweisen und damit fernzuhalten. Diese meist mehrstufig funktionierenden Abweisersysteme (z.B.
Weitere bekannte Lösungen bestehen aus einer Abweiserstruktur, die sich unmittelbar hinter der Fahrzeugvorderkante befindet und, als "Wägelchen" auf eigenen Rollen ausgebildet, mittels schubfester Verbindung zum Unterbau permanent aktiviert ist. Diese Struktur ist schubfest aber höhenvariabel am Unterbau befestigt und kann daher Höhenunterschiede, die der Vorbau während der Fahrt durchführt, ausgleichen und weist durch die eigenen Rollen dabei einen konstanten Abstand zum Fahrweg auf. Nachteil dieser Lösung ist, dass vor allem bei wechselnden Wetterbedingungen wie Schnee und Eis, Sand und Steinen das "Wägelchen" in Mitleidenschaft gezogen wird und mehr ein Hindernis für den Betrieb darstellt. Derartige Vorrichtungen sind beispielsweise an Straßenbahnen in Sevilla oder Zaragoza montiert.Further known solutions consist of a deflector structure which is located immediately behind the leading edge of the vehicle and, designed as a "little cart" on its own rollers, is permanently activated by means of a shear-proof connection to the substructure. This structure is attached to the substructure in a shear-proof but variable-height manner and can therefore compensate for height differences that the front structure performs while driving and, thanks to its own rollers, has a constant distance from the track. The disadvantage of this solution is that the "wagon" is affected, especially in changing weather conditions such as snow and ice, sand and stones, and is more of an obstacle to operation. Such devices are mounted on trams in Seville or Zaragoza, for example.
In der
Aus der
Das Element ist dabei im Frontbereich des Fahrzeuges, insbesondere im Bereich der vorderen Stoßfängereinheit angeordnet.The element is arranged in the front area of the vehicle, in particular in the area of the front bumper unit.
Weiter wird in der
Die Aufgabe der Erfindung besteht darin, ein Schienenfahrzeug mit einer Einrichtung vorzustellen, welche das komplette "Abweisen" vom Gefahrenbereich einer vor das Fahrzeug geratenen Person ermöglicht. Ziel ist es dabei, das Überrollen eines Passanten gänzlich zu verhindern.The object of the invention is to present a rail vehicle with a device which enables a person who has come in front of the vehicle to be completely "rejected" from the danger area. The aim is to completely prevent a pedestrian from rolling over.
Erfindungsgemäß wird diese Aufgabe durch die Merkmale der Ansprüche 1 und 10 gelöst. Die Erfindung beinhaltet dazu ein Schienenfahrzeug mit einer Einrichtung bzw. eine Einrichtung an sich, die aus einer Anordnung eines oder mehrerer aufblasbarer Strukturen in einem Bereich unter der Frontverkleidung besteht, welche mittels eines Gasmediums aufblasbar ist. Vorteilhaft ist dabei vorgesehen, dass die jeweilige Struktur nicht nur offen, sondern auch einen geschlossenen Körper darstellen kann. Neben anderen verwendeten Materialien bestehen die Strukturen aus metallischen Werkstoffen. Weiter ist vorteilhaft, dass bei verwendeten metallischen Werkstoffen die Struktur aus einer geschweißten flexiblen Doppelplatine besteht, die über eine Zuführleitung oder einem direkt mit der Struktur verbundenem Gasgenerator mit einem Gasmedium durch Innendruckumformung aufblasbar ist. In Optimierungsschritten kann die Metallstruktur entweder durch Wahl der Wandstärke oder Substitution mit anderen flexiblen Metallstrukturen verändert werden. Die Struktur besteht aus einem metallischen Membranwerkstoff, welcher eine maschige Drahtstruktur aufweist, wobei die maschige Drahtstruktur ein- oder mehrlagig ausbildbar ist. Die maschige Drahtstruktur weist innere und/oder äußere Schutzschichten aus elastischen Materialien auf.According to the invention, this object is achieved by the features of
Im Folgenden beschreibt die Erfindung eine gewählte Ausprägung der aufblasbaren Struktur als geschlossene geschweißte metallische Doppelplatine mit geringer Wandstärke. Diese Wahl stellt nur eine der möglichen Kombinationen der Erfindung dar und beschränkt sich nicht ausschließlich auf diese Auswahl. Um eine hohe Biegenachgiebigkeit bei einer hohen Rissfestigkeit zu erreichen, soll ein spezieller metallischer Membranwerkstoff eingesetzt werden, welcher primär aus einem metallischen, feinmaschigen Drahtnetz besteht.In the following, the invention describes a selected embodiment of the inflatable structure as a closed, welded metallic double plate with a small wall thickness. This choice represents only one of the possible combinations of the invention and is not limited exclusively to this selection. In order to achieve a high level of flexibility with a high degree of resistance to tearing, a special metallic membrane material should be used, which primarily consists of a metallic, fine-meshed wire mesh.
Vorteilhaft ist vorgesehen, dass die Struktur flexible, aufblasbare, rissresistente und kontaktresistente Eigenschaften aufweist. Zum Steuern des Druckverlaufs wird die Struktur von innen mit einer elastischen Folie kaschiert, welche den Gasaustritt mindert oder voll verhindert. Bei sehr engmaschigen Netzstrukturen kann diese Innenfolie, je nach geforderten Druckabfallvorgaben, auch wegfallen. Um den Widerstand gegen Risse zusätzlich zu verbessern, ist das vollflächige oder partielle Anbringen von zusätzlichen Schutzfolien an der Außenhaut möglich.It is advantageously provided that the structure has flexible, inflatable, crack-resistant and contact-resistant properties. To control the pressure curve, the structure is covered from the inside with an elastic film, which reduces or completely prevents the escape of gas. In the case of very close-meshed network structures, this inner film can also be omitted, depending on the required pressure drop specifications. In order to further improve the resistance to cracks, the full-surface or partial application of additional protective films to the outer skin is possible.
Nach einem weiteren besonderen Merkmal wird das Aufblasen der Metallstruktur über eine Sensorik ausgelöst, welche an der Fahrzeugfront angeordnet ist. Vorteilhaft ist die Sensorik mit Messmitteln versehen, die den frontalen Aufprall einer Person auf die Fahrzeugfront erkennen und/oder detektieren. Nach einem besonderen Merkmal ist vorgesehen, dass die Metallstruktur im aktivierten Zustand einen geometrieadaptiven Formkörper bildet, der den Hohlraum zwischen dem Fahrzeugunterbau und dem Schienenweg ausfüllt. Das Aufblasen der Metallstruktur erfolgt dabei vorteilhaft mit einer entsprechenden Expansionsgeschwindigkeit, die die Gefahr des Einziehens einer Person unter das Fahrzeug verhindert.According to a further special feature, the inflation of the metal structure is triggered by a sensor system which is arranged on the front of the vehicle. The sensor system is advantageously provided with measuring means that recognize and / or detect the frontal impact of a person on the front of the vehicle. According to a special feature, it is provided that the metal structure in the activated state forms a geometry-adaptive molded body that fills the cavity between the vehicle substructure and the railroad track. The inflation of the metal structure is advantageously carried out at a corresponding rate of expansion, which prevents the risk of a person being drawn in under the vehicle.
Vorteilhaft verbindet die Erfindung dabei das Grundprinzip vom kompletten "Abweisen" vom Gefahrenbereich einer vor das Fahrzeug geratenen Person durch Einsatz einer geschlossenen Metallstruktur, die durch Aufblasung aktiviert wird. Die Lehre beruht außerdem auf dem Zusammenspiel von elektromechanisch-pneumatischen Funktionsweisen. Die Erfindung verhindert dabei sowohl das Einziehen/Überfahren einer unvermutet und unmittelbar vor der Fahrzeugfront auf dem Fahrweg zum liegen kommenden Person in den nominellen Spalt an der Fahrzeugfront, als auch jede weitere Gefahr des Überrollens durch die Schienenräder. Nach Aktivierung kann die geschlossene Metallstruktur unter dem Fahrzeug verbleiben, da sie sich an verändernde Bodenfreiheiten anpasst.The invention advantageously combines the basic principle of completely "rejecting" the danger area of a person who has come in front of the vehicle by using a closed metal structure that is activated by inflation. The teaching is also based on the interaction of electromechanical-pneumatic modes of operation. The invention prevents both the pulling in / over driving of a person unexpectedly and immediately in front of the vehicle front on the route to the lying person in the nominal gap on the vehicle front, as well as any further danger of the Rolling over by the rail wheels. After activation, the closed metal structure can remain under the vehicle as it adapts to changing ground clearance.
Die vorliegende Erfindung lässt sich in alle Schienenfahrzeuge mit Frontverkleidung integrieren. Es ist dabei prinzipiell unerheblich, ob es sich um Niederflur-, Mittelflur- oder Hochflurfahrzeuge handelt. Das erfindungsgemäße Schutzsystem kann dabei in alle neuen Schienenfahrzeuge eingebaut werden und auch in alle in Gebrauch befindlichen Schienenfahrzeuge nachgerüstet werden.The present invention can be integrated into all rail vehicles with a front panel. In principle, it is irrelevant whether it is a low-floor, medium-floor or high-floor vehicle. The protection system according to the invention can be installed in all new rail vehicles and can also be retrofitted in all rail vehicles in use.
Da die Merkmale der im Anspruch 10 und den zugehörigen Unteransprüchen beschriebenen Einrichtung bereits aus der obenstehenden Beschreibung hervorgehen, wird zur Vermeidung von Wiederholungen auf eine gesonderte Beschreibung der Einrichtung verzichtet.Since the features of the device described in
Nachfolgend soll die Erfindung anhand von in den Zeichnungen dargestellten Ausführungsbeispielen näher beschrieben werden. In den Zeichnungen zeigen
- Fig. 1a:
- ein Schienenfahrzeug in einer Seitenansicht mit einer Person im Frontbereich,
- Fig. 1b:
- ein Schienenfahrzeug in einer Vorderansicht mit einer Person im Frontbereich,
- Fig. 2a:
- ein Schienenfahrzeug in einer Seitenansicht mit einer mit einer Einrichtung zum Passantenschutz,
- Fig. 2b:
- ein Schienenfahrzeug in einer Vorderansicht mit einer Einrichtung zum Passantenschutz,
- Fig. 3a:
- ein Schienenfahrzeug in einer Seitenansicht mit einer mit einer Einrichtung zum Passantenschutz im aktivierten Zustand,
- Fig. 3b:
- ein Schienenfahrzeug in einer Vorderansicht mit einer Einrichtung zum Passantenschutz im aktivierten Zustand,
- Fig. 4a - c:
- eine Prinzipdarstellung der Wirkungsweise einer Einrichtung zum Passantenschutz,
- Fig. 5a - 5c
- zeigen schematisch den Aufbau der aufblasbaren Struktur, In
Abb. 5b bei nur einem einschichtigen Aufbau (5b) und mit einer zusätzlichen optionalen Aufreißschutzschicht (5c), - Fig. 6a - c
- zeigen verschiedene Ausbildungsarten bzw. Formen der Struktur in schematischer Darstellung.
- Fig. 1a:
- a rail vehicle in a side view with a person in the front area,
- Fig. 1b:
- a rail vehicle in a front view with a person in the front area,
- Fig. 2a:
- a rail vehicle in a side view with one with a device for pedestrian protection,
- Fig. 2b:
- a rail vehicle in a front view with a device for pedestrian protection,
- Fig. 3a:
- a rail vehicle in a side view with one with a device for pedestrian protection in the activated state,
- Fig. 3b:
- a rail vehicle in a front view with a device for pedestrian protection in the activated state,
- Fig. 4a - c:
- a basic illustration of the mode of operation of a device for pedestrian protection,
- Figures 5a-5c
- show schematically the construction of the inflatable structure, In
Fig. 5b with only a single-layer structure (5b) and with an additional optional tear protection layer (5c), - Figures 6a-c
- show various types of training or forms of structure in a schematic representation.
Im Schienenverkehr, insbesondere im innerstädtischen Tram-Verkehr, sind Kollisionen zwischen einem Schienenfahrzeug 1 und Personen (Fußgängern) 2 keine Seltenheit. Insbesondere beim frontalen Aufprall kommt es dabei zu schweren und tödlichen Verletzungen, wenn die Person 2 nach dem Aufprall in den Hohlraum zwischen Schienenfahrzeug 1 und Untergrund 3 gerät. Die Einrichtung 4 besteht dazu aus mindestens einer Struktur 7, welche mittels eines Gasmediums 6 aufblasbar ist, um jenen Zeitbereich formstabil zu überdauern, in dem das Fahrzeug zum Stillstand gebracht werden kann.In rail traffic, especially in inner-city tram traffic, collisions between a
Durch die erfindungsgemäße Einrichtung soll das Verletzungsrisiko signifikant zu verringert werden, indem der Hohlraum zwischen Schienenfahrzeug 1 und Untergrund 3 unmittelbar vor oder nach der Kollision durch die an der Unterseite der Schienenfahrzeugfront angebrachte Einrichtung 4 derart gefüllt wird, dass die an der Kollision beteiligte Person 2 nicht unter das Schienenfahrzeug 1 geraten kann und vorzugsweise neben die Fahrzeuggleise abgelenkt wird. Auch dabei sind Verletzungen nicht auszuschließen, diese sollten jedoch deutlich geringer und ohne Lebensgefährdung ausfallen. (siehe
Eine Strukturmaterial-Auswahl der erfindungsgemäßen Einrichtung basiert dabei auf einer Struktur 7, ausgeprägt als Metallstruktur, nämlich auf einer Dünnblechstruktur, welche durch ein über Zuführleitungen 11 eingebrachtes Gasmedium 6 expandiert bzw. aufgeblasen wird (verschiedene Aufblaszustände 8, 9,
Vorteilhaft ist, dass durch die Wandstärke die Flexibilität der Metallstruktur einstellbar ist und diese Struktur als "Tailored Blank" in Form geschweisster Doppelplatinen vorliegen kann, wobei auch alternative, weichere Metall-Materialien denkbar sind. Dabei ist diese Anordnung im Ausgangszustand vor Aktivierung einer Detektionstechnologie (nicht Inhalt dieser Erfindung) von außen nicht sichtbar. Das Auslösen der Einrichtung erfolgt über eine Sensorik 10, welche an der Schienenfahrzeugfront adaptiert wird und welche auf optischen, mechanischen oder anderer Messprinzipien den frontalen Aufprall einer Person 2 detektiert oder den Aufprall vorhersieht. Der Mechanismus ist dabei bezüglich der Expansionsgeschwindigkeit derart ausgelegt, dass die vollständige Endgeometrie des Formkörpers bereits dann erreicht ist, bevor die Gefahr des "Hineinziehens" der Person entsteht. Dies sind im Regelfall wenige Millisekunden.It is advantageous that the flexibility of the metal structure can be adjusted through the wall thickness and this structure can be in the form of a “tailored blank” in the form of welded double blanks, with alternative, softer metal materials also being conceivable. This arrangement is not visible from the outside in the initial state before activation of a detection technology (not the subject of this invention). The device is triggered via a
Um den Anforderungen einer dauerhaft sicheren Funktionalität der Personenschutzkomponente nachkommen zu können, muss die Struktur flexible, aufblasbare, rissresistente und kontaktresistente Eigenschaften aufweisen.In order to be able to meet the requirements of a permanently safe functionality of the personal protection component, the structure must have flexible, inflatable, crack-resistant and contact-resistant properties.
Um eine hohe Biegenachgiebigkeit bei einer hohen Rissfestigkeit zu erreichen, soll ein spezieller metallischer Membranwerkstoff eingesetzt werden, welcher primär aus einem metallischen, feinmaschigen Drahtnetz besteht. Die maschige Drahtstruktur 12 kann einlagig oder mehrlagig ausgeführt sein und innere und/oder äußere Schutzschichten aus elastischen Materialien aufweisen.In order to achieve a high level of flexibility with a high degree of crack resistance, a special metallic membrane material should be used, which primarily consists of a metallic, fine-meshed wire mesh. The
Zum Steuern des Druckverlaufs kann die Struktur von innen mit einer elastischen Folie 13 kaschiert werden, welche den Gasaustritt mindert oder voll verhindert. Bei sehr engmaschigen Netzstrukturen kann diese Innenfolie, je nach geforderten Druckabfallvorgaben, auch wegfallen. Um den Widerstand gegen Risse zusätzlich zu verbessern, ist das vollflächige oder partielle Anbringen von zusätzlichen Schutzfolien 14 an der Außenhaut möglich. Die
Für die erfindungsgemäße Struktur 7 kommen insbesondere folgende Drahtnetze zur Anwendung:
Um eine hohe Duktilität zu erreichen, können die Netze nach dem Weben auch geglüht werden. Zur Herstellung der Struktur können
- ebene Drahtnetze aufeinandergelegt und geschlossen gefügt werden (
Fig. 6a ), - torische Drahtnetze an beiden Enden gefügt werden (
Fig. 6b ) - oder kissenartige Strukturen, die direkt gewoben werden (
Fig. 6c ).
- flat wire nets are placed on top of each other and joined together in a closed
Figure 6a ), - toric wire meshes are joined at both ends (
Figure 6b ) - or pillow-like structures that are woven directly (
Figure 6c ).
Das erfindungsgemäße Schienenfahrzeug 1 umfasst eine Einrichtung (Abweiser-Obstacle deflector), die dem Stoßverzehrsystem des Fahrzeuges vorgelagert ist und welches ohne Auslösung durch eine Aktivierungseinrichtung nicht anspricht. Dies soll die volle Funktionsfähigkeit des darüber befindlichen Stoßverzehrsystems bei Crashes ohne Überfahr-Gefahr einer Person sicherstellen.The
Die Auslösung des Abweisers-Obstacle deflectors erfolgt entweder durch den Fahrer mittels Betätigung einer Einrichtung am Fahrerpult oder durch die automatische Detektionstechnologie (nicht Inhalt dieser Erfindung) der im Vorfeld des Schienenfahrzeuges integrierten Detektionseinrichtung. Jedenfalls löst das erste Ansprechen einer dieser Einrichtungen den Abweiser-Obstacle deflector aus. Dabei bläst ein Gasgenerator die geschlossene Metallstruktur, die gefaltet in Ausgangsposition liegt, auf. Je nach Geometrie der geschlossenen, gefaltet angebrachten Metallstruktur wird während des Aufblasens und Entfaltens Richtung Fahrweg eine zusätzliche Abweiserbewegung durchgeführt, die die im Überfahrenwerden befindliche(n) Person(en) sozusagen unter dem Fahrzeug herausbewegt. Dies setzt natürlich eine Abstimmung der Geometrie der geschlossenen Metallstruktur an die Verhältnisse zwischen Frontverkleidung und Fahrweg voraus.The triggering of the deflector obstacle deflector takes place either by the driver by actuating a device on the driver's desk or by the automatic detection technology (not part of this invention) of the detection device integrated in the run-up to the rail vehicle. In any case, the first response from one of these devices triggers the deflector obstacle deflector. A gas generator inflates the closed metal structure, which is folded in its starting position. Depending on the geometry of the closed, folded metal structure, an additional deflector movement is carried out during inflation and unfolding in the direction of the roadway, which moves the person (s) being driven over, so to speak, out from under the vehicle. Of course, this requires the geometry of the closed metal structure to be matched to the relationships between the front cladding and the driveway.
Die geschlossene, gefaltet angebrachte Metallstruktur kann auch mehrteilig ausgeführt sein, um besondere Krümmungen des Stoßbügels auszugleichen.The closed, folded metal structure can also be made in several parts in order to compensate for particular curvatures of the bumper bar.
Ein besonderes Merkmal der aktivierten (=aufgeblasenen) geschlossenen Metallstruktur und damit eine deutliche Verbesserung zu bekannten Airbag-Technologien ist, dass diese nach dem Aufblasvorgang formstabil in Lage und Position bleibt. Dies bedeutet, dass nach Druckbeaufschlagung (=Aufblasvorgang) per se kein (konstanter) Druck in der Struktur mehr sein muss, um diese in aufgeblasenen Zustand zu behalten. Die geschlossenen Metallstruktur kann sich jedoch vielmehr an sich ändernde vertikale Platzverhältnisse wie z.B. an eine Verringerung der nominellen Bodenfreiheit zwischen Stoßbügel und Fahrweg anpassen: sie wird durch das Eigengewicht des Fahrzeuges ganz einfach zusammengedrückt. Nach dieser Reduktion der Höhe der geschlossenen Metallstruktur verbleibt diese im Zustand der reduzierten Höhe.A special feature of the activated (= inflated) closed metal structure and thus a significant improvement over known airbag technologies is that it remains dimensionally stable in position and position after the inflation process. This means that after pressurization (= inflation process) there is no longer any (constant) pressure in the structure per se in order to keep it in the inflated state. The closed metal structure can, however, rather adapt to changing vertical space conditions such as a reduction in the nominal ground clearance between the bumper bar and the driveway: it is simply compressed by the weight of the vehicle. After this reduction in the height of the closed metal structure, it remains in the state of the reduced height.
Der gesamte Vorgang der Hinderniserkennung sowie Auslösung und Aufblasung der geschlossenen Metallstruktur soll dabei in Echtzeit geschehen. Durch die vorliegende Erfindung soll in jedem Fall die parallel stattfindende Aktion zum Schutz von Personen hinsichtlich des Überfahrens ergänzt werden: das rechtzeitige Anhalten des Schienenfahrzeuges, bevor eine Person durch Einziehen / Überfahren unter das Fahrzeug verletzt werden kann.The entire process of obstacle detection as well as triggering and inflating the closed metal structure should take place in real time. The present invention is intended in any case to take place in parallel to protect people with regard to driving over, the following should be added: stopping the rail vehicle in good time before a person can be injured by being drawn in / driven over under the vehicle.
Claims (18)
- A rail vehicle (1) having a device for pedestrian protection in the event of a collision with the front of the vehicle, said device (4) being arranged on the underside of the rail vehicle front,
the device (4) consisting of at least one structure (7) which can be inflated by means of a gaseous medium (6) in order to remain dimensionally stable during the time it takes to bring the vehicle to a standstill, characterised in that the structure (7) consists of a metallic membrane material which has a mesh-like wire structure (12), the mesh-like wire structure (12) being formed in one or more layers and having inner and/or outer protective layers (13, 14) made of elastic materials and extending over part or all of the surface area. - The rail vehicle according to claim 1, characterised in that the structure (7) consists of a metal structure which can be inflated with a gaseous medium (6) by internal pressure deformation via a feed line (11) or a gas generator connected directly to the structure.
- The rail vehicle according to claim 1, characterised in that the structure (7) consists of a closed structure which can be inflated with a gaseous medium (6) by internal pressure deformation via a feed line (11).
- The rail vehicle according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the structure (7) is formed as a closed metal structure and consists of a welded double plate, which can be inflated with a gaseous medium (6) by internal pressure deformation via a feed line (11) or a gas generator connected directly to the structure.
- The rail vehicle according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the inflation of the structure (7) is triggered via a sensor system (10) which is arranged on the vehicle front.
- The rail vehicle according to claim 5, characterised in that the sensor system (10) has measuring means which identify and/or detect a frontal collision of a person (2) against the vehicle front.
- The rail vehicle according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that the structure (7) in the activated state forms a geometry-adaptable shaped body (5) which fills the cavity between the vehicle undercarriage and the railway subsurface (3).
- The rail vehicle according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterised in that the structure (7) is inflated at an expansion rate that prevents the risk of a person (2) being pulled under the vehicle (1).
- The rail vehicle according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterised in that the structure (7) comprises flexible, inflatable, tear-resistant and contact-resistant properties.
- A device for pedestrian protection in the event of a collision with the vehicle front of a rail vehicle (1), said device (4) being arrangeable on the underside of the rail vehicle front,
the device comprising at least one structure (7) which can be inflated by means of a gaseous medium (6) in order to remain dimensionally stable during the time it takes to bring the vehicle to a standstill, characterised in that the structure (7) consists of a metallic membrane material which has a mesh-like wire structure (12), the mesh-like wire structure (12) being formed in one or more layers and having inner and/or protective layers (13, 14) made of elastic materials and extending over part or all of the surface area. - The device according to claim 10, characterised in that the structure (7) consists of a metal structure which can be inflated with a gaseous medium (6) by internal pressure deformation via a feed line (11) or a gas generator connected directly to the structure.
- The device according to claim 10, characterised in that the structure (7) consists of a closed structure which can be inflated with a gaseous medium (6) by internal pressure deformation via a feed line (11).
- The device according to one of claims 10 to 12, characterised in that the structure (7) is formed as a closed metal structure and consists of a welded double plate, which can be inflated with a gaseous medium (6) via a feed line (11) or a gas generator connected directly to the structure.
- The device according to one of claims 10 to 13, characterised in that the inflation of the structure (7) is triggered via a sensor system (10) which is arranged on the vehicle front of the rail vehicle (1).
- The device according to claim 14, characterised in that the sensor system (10) has measuring means which identify and/or detect a frontal collision of a person (2) against the vehicle front of the rail vehicle (1).
- The device according to one of claims 10 to 15, characterised in that the structure (7) in the activated state forms a geometry-adaptable shaped body (5) which can fill the cavity between the vehicle undercarriage in the front region of the rail vehicle (1) and the railway subsurface (3).
- The device according to one of claims 10 to 16, characterised in that the structure (7) is inflated at an expansion rate that can prevent the risk of a person (2) being pulled under the vehicle (1).
- The device according to one of claims 10 to 17, characterised in that the structure (7) comprises flexible, inflatable, tear-resistant and contact-resistant properties.
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PL14702875T PL2953819T3 (en) | 2013-02-07 | 2014-02-06 | Rail vehicle having a device for pedestrian protection and device for pedestrian protection |
EP14702875.7A EP2953819B1 (en) | 2013-02-07 | 2014-02-06 | Rail vehicle having a device for pedestrian protection and device for pedestrian protection |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP13000637 | 2013-02-07 | ||
DE102013211273.4A DE102013211273A1 (en) | 2013-06-17 | 2013-06-17 | Rail vehicle with a device for the protection of passers-by and a device for the protection of passers-by |
PCT/EP2014/052324 WO2014122212A1 (en) | 2013-02-07 | 2014-02-06 | Rail vehicle having a device for pedestrian protection and device for pedestrian protection |
EP14702875.7A EP2953819B1 (en) | 2013-02-07 | 2014-02-06 | Rail vehicle having a device for pedestrian protection and device for pedestrian protection |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2953819A1 EP2953819A1 (en) | 2015-12-16 |
EP2953819B1 true EP2953819B1 (en) | 2021-03-31 |
Family
ID=50064623
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP14702875.7A Active EP2953819B1 (en) | 2013-02-07 | 2014-02-06 | Rail vehicle having a device for pedestrian protection and device for pedestrian protection |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP2953819B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN105189211A (en) |
AU (1) | AU2014213989A1 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2898645C (en) |
ES (1) | ES2865416T3 (en) |
PL (1) | PL2953819T3 (en) |
RU (1) | RU2015135224A (en) |
WO (1) | WO2014122212A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR3025469B1 (en) * | 2014-09-10 | 2018-02-16 | Alstom Transp Tech | PIECE PROTECTION DEVICE IN THE EVENT OF SHOCK WITH A VEHICLE |
CN106004917B (en) * | 2016-05-13 | 2018-06-29 | 北京交通大学 | A kind of multistage collision energy-absorbing pilot |
EP3475933A1 (en) * | 2016-06-24 | 2019-05-01 | Swiss Reinsurance Company Ltd. | Autonomous or partially autonomous motor vehicles with automated risk-controlled systems and corresponding method thereof |
CN108216298B (en) * | 2016-12-15 | 2019-07-19 | 上海阿尔斯通交通设备有限公司 | Pedestrian protection for tramcar |
CN107512282B (en) * | 2017-07-14 | 2019-05-21 | 中车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司 | A kind of low-floor rail vehicle troubleshooting and motor protection device |
DE102018133181B3 (en) * | 2018-12-20 | 2020-04-16 | Bombardier Transportation Gmbh | Personal protection device for fastening to the underside of a rail vehicle |
CN110053646A (en) * | 2019-05-09 | 2019-07-26 | 淮南师范学院 | A kind of general fast use for electric locomotive is laied oneself on the railway tracks protective device |
Family Cites Families (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB1371145A (en) * | 1971-01-28 | 1974-10-23 | Renault | Energy absorbind devices |
US20030047370A1 (en) * | 1998-12-30 | 2003-03-13 | Gibbs John H. | Bumper device for existing trains |
US6474489B2 (en) * | 1999-03-12 | 2002-11-05 | Thomas S. Payne | Collision attenuator |
FR2806997B1 (en) * | 2000-04-04 | 2006-06-02 | Alstom | DEVICE FOR PROTECTING A VEHICLE AGAINST SHOCK |
FR2811624B1 (en) * | 2000-07-12 | 2002-12-06 | Alstom | EXHAUST DEVICE FOR AN INFLATABLE ELEMENT AND DEVICE FOR PROTECTING A VEHICLE AGAINST IMPACT EQUIPPED WITH SUCH AN EXHAUST DEVICE |
JP2005041427A (en) * | 2003-07-25 | 2005-02-17 | Hitachi Kokusai Electric Inc | Collision safety device |
KR101180985B1 (en) * | 2009-12-21 | 2012-09-07 | 한국철도기술연구원 | crash person protecting equipment of Railway Vehicle |
US8727377B2 (en) | 2012-02-23 | 2014-05-20 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Adaptive vent and method for airbag |
DE102012007814A1 (en) * | 2012-04-18 | 2012-11-22 | Daimler Ag | Vehicle, particularly motor vehicle, has energy absorption element, which is triggered to develop with gas when imminent collision or collision of vehicle is detected |
-
2014
- 2014-02-06 EP EP14702875.7A patent/EP2953819B1/en active Active
- 2014-02-06 WO PCT/EP2014/052324 patent/WO2014122212A1/en active Application Filing
- 2014-02-06 RU RU2015135224A patent/RU2015135224A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2014-02-06 PL PL14702875T patent/PL2953819T3/en unknown
- 2014-02-06 CA CA2898645A patent/CA2898645C/en active Active
- 2014-02-06 ES ES14702875T patent/ES2865416T3/en active Active
- 2014-02-06 CN CN201480007828.8A patent/CN105189211A/en active Pending
- 2014-02-06 AU AU2014213989A patent/AU2014213989A1/en not_active Abandoned
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
None * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CA2898645A1 (en) | 2014-08-14 |
EP2953819A1 (en) | 2015-12-16 |
PL2953819T3 (en) | 2021-10-25 |
CA2898645C (en) | 2021-01-26 |
CN105189211A (en) | 2015-12-23 |
ES2865416T3 (en) | 2021-10-15 |
WO2014122212A1 (en) | 2014-08-14 |
RU2015135224A (en) | 2017-02-28 |
AU2014213989A1 (en) | 2015-08-20 |
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