EP2936630A1 - Spark gap arrangement and method for securing a spark gap arrangement - Google Patents
Spark gap arrangement and method for securing a spark gap arrangementInfo
- Publication number
- EP2936630A1 EP2936630A1 EP13802685.1A EP13802685A EP2936630A1 EP 2936630 A1 EP2936630 A1 EP 2936630A1 EP 13802685 A EP13802685 A EP 13802685A EP 2936630 A1 EP2936630 A1 EP 2936630A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- contact terminal
- spark gap
- electrode head
- discharge chamber
- gap arrangement
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 5
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002427 irreversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000696 magnetic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005415 magnetization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
- H01T13/00—Sparking plugs
- H01T13/20—Sparking plugs characterised by features of the electrodes or insulation
- H01T13/24—Sparking plugs characterised by features of the electrodes or insulation having movable electrodes
- H01T13/26—Sparking plugs characterised by features of the electrodes or insulation having movable electrodes for adjusting spark gap otherwise than by bending of electrode
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
- H01T13/00—Sparking plugs
- H01T13/02—Details
- H01T13/08—Mounting, fixing or sealing of sparking plugs, e.g. in combustion chamber
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
- H01T2/00—Spark gaps comprising auxiliary triggering means
- H01T2/02—Spark gaps comprising auxiliary triggering means comprising a trigger electrode or an auxiliary spark gap
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
- H01T4/00—Overvoltage arresters using spark gaps
- H01T4/02—Details
Definitions
- the invention relates to a spark gap arrangement which is protected against manipulation.
- Spark gap arrangements are used in many ways.
- One embodiment is a triggerable spark gap, which is also referred to as a trigger spark gap.
- a triggerable spark gap which is also referred to as a trigger spark gap.
- Trigger spark gap usually has at least two main electrodes and a trigger electrode.
- the electrodes are arranged in a gas-filled space.
- an ionized distance is created, via which a current flows between the space
- Trigger electrode and the one main electrode flows.
- ignition by means of the trigger electrode is then achieved that forms another conductive channel between the two main electrodes, which allows a current flow between the main electrodes.
- Such triggerable spark gaps can be used for example as Studentsnapssabieiter. Another
- Triggered trigger electrode Triggered trigger electrode
- Trigger spark gap can be in the range of less than 1 ys.
- the delay time depends on the level of the generator voltage at the main electrodes
- Trigger voltage is, the greater the delay time.
- Delay time can be adjusted to a certain extent.
- a typical value is a delay time greater than 15 ys.
- Gas-filled trigger spark gaps with a current greater than 500 A and a delay time of less than or equal to 15 ys may be subject to restrictions as regards their use and export.
- Spark gap to be protected against manipulation of the delay time.
- the ignition delay circuit to be disabled.
- the discharge chamber is a gas-filled, for example, air-filled, space in which the discharge or spark gap formation between electrodes can take place. He can be completed.
- the discharge chamber can from
- Insulator and / or electrode walls to be limited.
- the electrode head is an electrically conductive part to which a transition of the supplied through the terminal contact
- the electrode head may include the trigger electrode in a trigger gap. He can with an insulating wall of the discharge chamber
- Electrode head is both electrically decoupled, which prevents the application of a voltage and in particular a trigger pulse, as well as mechanically decoupled, so that the electrode head is movable from its position and due to gravity or by spring force into the
- Discharge chamber interior can fall.
- An electrode head already positioned inside is no longer held in position and is movable in the discharge chamber. In both cases, the electrode head,
- a detached in the charge chamber interior detached electrode head can not be coupled to the contact terminal, so that the functionality of the
- the spark gap arrangement which is a trigger spark gap
- its function is ensured by the fact that the electrode head of the trigger electrode maintains its normal position relative to the main electrode and the electrical connection to the contact terminal and thus the Zündverzögerungsscrien exists.
- An embodiment of the spark gap assembly includes a coupling mechanism having a first coupling part that includes the contact terminal and a second coupling part that includes the electrode head.
- the first coupling part is movable relative to the second coupling part.
- the permanent mechanical decoupling does not necessarily have to take place even with the slightest movement of the contact connection, as can occur, for example, during rough operation, but can also take place as soon as the contact connection has reached a predetermined position.
- the predetermined position is the minimum change in position of the contact terminal, in which the first coupling part and the second Coupling have such a distance from each other that the mechanical decoupling is permanent, or irreversible.
- Deflection of the contact terminal can be an interruption of the electrical connection, but the mechanical
- Decoupling is not yet permanent.
- the permanent decoupling can be done after the electrical, as soon as the contact terminal has reached a predetermined position.
- the decoupled electrode head which is movable in the direction of the discharge chamber space or within the discharge chamber, can leave its original position after decoupling and within the discharge chamber of gravity and movement changes of the
- Movements during operation or gravity may be sufficient for the decoupled electrode head to slip out of its positional support.
- the electrode head is over a
- the first or the second coupling part may comprise this magnet.
- the magnet is in the first
- Coupling provided and holds the electrode head by the magnetic material properties in position. Once upon removal of the contact terminal from his
- Coupling is moved relative to the second coupling part, the magnet is also moved away from the electrode head. In this case, magnetic attraction is sufficient
- Electrode head no longer to hold this in place. If the spark gap arrangement high temperatures
- the magnetization decreases so much that the electrode head can no longer be held. Even at high accelerations of the spark gap arrangement, the magnetic connection can solve.
- the spark gap arrangement comprises an ejection mechanism, which upon removal of the
- This ejection mechanism is suitable for
- This ejection mechanism allows the movement of the
- Electrode head from its original position against the earth's gravity or regardless of its position to gravity. A movement with gravity, ie in a vertical position, is assisted by the ejection mechanism, which enables the safe and permanent decoupling of the electrode head by pushing the electrode head into the discharge chamber interior.
- the previously flawless function of the spark gap arrangement is interrupted and can not be restored by manipulation in the back room of the switch. The spark gap arrangement becomes unusable.
- this spark gap arrangement is due to both mechanical and magnetic properties a Force exerted on the electrode head, by means of which the electrode head is moved from its original position. As a result, the function of the spark gap arrangement is overridden if it is attempted to manipulate the contact connection, for example by the
- Delay time electronics is removed from the trigger spark gap.
- the ejection mechanism includes a spring member that is retained by a catch in a preloaded condition. Upon triggering the ejection mechanism, the lock releases the spring element and through the
- a spring element is a
- tension or compression springs are used, which experience a change in length under load.
- tension or compression springs are used, which experience a change in length under load. Examples of this are helical compression coil springs or
- the first or the second comprises
- Coupling part a guide bush in which the spring element is positioned.
- a guide bush holds that
- Spring element in the prestressed state in its position and allows after unlocking the targeted guidance of the restoring spring in the direction of the electrode head.
- a guide bush for example, pot-shaped or sleeve-shaped.
- the spring element is a
- Helical compression spring whose length is reduced in the prestressed state. It can be positioned adjacent to the inner walls of the guide bush and also offers in the center Space for other components of the coupling mechanism, such as the magnet.
- the lock can be from a position in which they are
- the barrier is positioned to obstruct the return of the expanding spring.
- the first and the second coupling part are coupled such that the movement of the lock is initially blocked and upon removal of the
- a movable ejector may be provided, which is arranged between the spring element and the electrode head.
- the lock engages in this ejector, so that its movement is blocked and the spring element in his
- Spring element returns to its original shape and thereby moves the ejector in the direction of the electrode head, so that it is pushed out of its original position and pushes the electrode head into the discharge chamber interior.
- a barrier as described above may comprise a ball or a pin, that is a cylindrical element.
- a retaining means blocks the movement of the ball or pin to the position in which the
- a retaining means may be a wall, a pot or a sleeve, which prevent the ball or the pin during normal operation of the movement with which the spring element is released. Only when removing the contact terminal from its position or when reaching the contact terminal of a given
- Manipulation comprises removing the contact connection from its position, interrupting the electrically conductive connection, mechanically decoupling the electrode head from the contact connection and the electrode head in the direction of the discharge chamber interior and / or inside the discharge chamber
- Discharge chamber is moved.
- FIGURE shows a cross-sectional detail of an essential part of an embodiment of a
- spark gap arrangement in this case a
- Trigger spark gap comprising a discharge chamber 6, which is shown in fragmentary form, with two main electrodes (not shown), which may be arranged, for example, end in the discharge chamber 6. Further, between the main electrodes, an electrode serving as an electrode
- Trigger head 3 is provided, which is controlled via a contact terminal 9 by a Zündverzögerungsscrien (not shown).
- the contact terminal 9 can also be an integral part of
- the section of the spark gap arrangement shows the coupling mechanism with a first coupling part 1 and a second coupling part 2.
- the second coupling part 2 comprises the trigger head 3 with an electrode head 4 and a magnetic connecting piece 5, which with the
- Electrode head 4 is connected.
- Electrode head 4 and connector 5 can be
- the trigger head 3 may be integrally formed of metal, which may be held by a magnet or is itself a magnetic metal (not shown).
- the electrode head 4 is in a recess in the
- This recess serves as a frame for Elektrodenkopfaufnähme and position holder.
- Alternative embodiments have a projecting into the discharge chamber 6
- Electrode head 4 one positioned within the discharge chamber or one opposite the wall 20th
- recessed electrode head 4 (not shown).
- the first coupling part 1 comprises a contact terminal 9, which merges into a cylindrical connecting piece 10.
- Connector 10 also be made in two parts. Within the connecting piece 10, a recess is provided, in which a, in this embodiment, cylindrical, magnet 11 is located. Between the magnet 11 and the
- Trigger head 3 is a magnetic connection 12, so that both the magnet 11 and the connector 10, or only one of these components, the trigger head 3 touch.
- the connecting piece 10, which, like the connection contact 9, comprises conductive material there is an electrically conductive connection between the electrode head 4 and the
- the connector 10 and the magnet 11 may be made in one piece. Other shapes are conceivable.
- the first coupling part 1 also has a cup-shaped
- Terminal 9 Terminal 9 and the guide bushing 8 as a piece, that is, in one piece, be made.
- a spring element 13 in this case a helical compression spring is provided.
- a sleeve-shaped ejector 14 is provided, which is positioned around the connecting piece 10 continuously between the spring element 13 and the trigger head 3.
- the ejector sleeve 14 has at its the spring element 13 facing edge a flange 15.
- the spring element 13 is between the bottom of
- the region of the guide bush 8 facing the trigger head 3 is in a pot 18 running around the outside
- Connector 10 to the trigger head 3 extends.
- recesses 17 are provided in the trigger head 3 facing region of the guide bush 8, which is positioned in the pot 18. Through the recesses 17 locks can
- balls 16 are as locks balls 16 provided.
- two opposing balls 16 may be provided which are in the recesses between the inner wall of the pot and the outer side of the ejection sleeve. More than two balls are also possible. Already one ball can be enough.
- the size of the balls 16 is chosen so that they protrude over the inner wall of the guide bush 8 when they rest against the inner wall of the pot and prevent it from moving in the direction of the electrode head 4 below the flange 15. As a result, both the ejector sleeve 14 and the prestressed spring element 13 are held in position.
- the spring element 13 is in the guide bushing. 8
- the first coupling part 1 can by holding means 19,
- hooks, springs or snap connections attach to the guide bushing 8, in the
- Spark gap system are kept in position during normal operation. These holding means 19 permit a movement of the guide bush 8, which leads to the decoupling of the electrode head 4, even at slight manipulations at the contact connection 9, for example the attempted removal of the delay circuit attached thereto (not shown).
- a coupling mechanism such as above
- Magnetic connection 12 is coupled to the contact terminal 9 About this contact terminal 9 can be done from a back room serving as a switch spark gap arrangement over the delay time circuit, the supply of trigger voltage and -ström.
- Electrode head 4 moves away, so the first
- Magnetic connection 12 is interrupted to the electrode head 4, since both the guide bush 8 and the contact terminal 9 and the connecting element 10 with the inside
- Magnets 11 are moved away from the electrode head 4. Upon further withdrawal of the guide bushing 8 from the pot 18, the balls 16 are the flange 15, on which the spring force acts to escape to the outside and the spring-loaded
- the ejector sleeve 14 will push the electrode head 4 of the trigger electrode, also against gravity, into the main discharge gap 7 or into the discharge chamber interior. This causes a
- Delay circuit should be taken.
- the magnetic attraction force to the electrode head 4 is no longer sufficient to hold this.
- the spring force acts, so that the electrode head 4 in the Discharge chamber 6 is moved.
- the function of the spark gap arrangement is thereby permanently prevented.
- Embodiments and embodiments can be combined.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Portable Nailing Machines And Staplers (AREA)
- Spark Plugs (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP19150582.5A EP3490085B1 (en) | 2012-12-18 | 2013-12-12 | Spark gap assembly and method for securing a spark gap assembly |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102012112543.0A DE102012112543A1 (en) | 2012-12-18 | 2012-12-18 | Spark gap arrangement and method for securing a spark gap arrangement |
PCT/EP2013/076410 WO2014095579A1 (en) | 2012-12-18 | 2013-12-12 | Spark gap arrangement and method for securing a spark gap arrangement |
Related Child Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP19150582.5A Division EP3490085B1 (en) | 2012-12-18 | 2013-12-12 | Spark gap assembly and method for securing a spark gap assembly |
EP19150582.5A Division-Into EP3490085B1 (en) | 2012-12-18 | 2013-12-12 | Spark gap assembly and method for securing a spark gap assembly |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2936630A1 true EP2936630A1 (en) | 2015-10-28 |
EP2936630B1 EP2936630B1 (en) | 2019-07-03 |
Family
ID=49753206
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP19150582.5A Active EP3490085B1 (en) | 2012-12-18 | 2013-12-12 | Spark gap assembly and method for securing a spark gap assembly |
EP13802685.1A Active EP2936630B1 (en) | 2012-12-18 | 2013-12-12 | Spark gap arrangement and method for securing a spark gap arrangement |
Family Applications Before (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP19150582.5A Active EP3490085B1 (en) | 2012-12-18 | 2013-12-12 | Spark gap assembly and method for securing a spark gap assembly |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US9444227B2 (en) |
EP (2) | EP3490085B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP6050899B2 (en) |
DE (1) | DE102012112543A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2014095579A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN112736884B (en) * | 2020-12-22 | 2023-05-26 | 西安交通大学 | Surge protector with active field impact across voltage protection gap |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2479587A1 (en) * | 1980-03-28 | 1981-10-02 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | High power arc starting electrode - uses rod driven by double acting hydraulic cylinder to draw arc and blow air over arc to assist transfer to main electrode |
US6522679B1 (en) * | 2000-02-22 | 2003-02-18 | Tuilaser | Gas laser discharge unit |
FR2877155B1 (en) * | 2004-10-25 | 2008-09-26 | Soule Prot Surtensions Sa | IMPROVED DISCONNECTION OVERVOLTAGE PROTECTION DEVICE AND CORRESPONDING METHOD |
US20070297479A1 (en) * | 2006-06-22 | 2007-12-27 | Bio-Rad Laboratories | Triggered spark gap |
US7545842B2 (en) * | 2006-09-20 | 2009-06-09 | Coherent, Inc. | Pre-ionizer for pulsed gas-discharge laser |
DE102012101558A1 (en) * | 2012-02-27 | 2013-08-29 | Epcos Ag | The spark gap arrangement |
-
2012
- 2012-12-18 DE DE102012112543.0A patent/DE102012112543A1/en active Granted
-
2013
- 2013-12-12 JP JP2015548376A patent/JP6050899B2/en active Active
- 2013-12-12 WO PCT/EP2013/076410 patent/WO2014095579A1/en active Application Filing
- 2013-12-12 EP EP19150582.5A patent/EP3490085B1/en active Active
- 2013-12-12 US US14/646,248 patent/US9444227B2/en active Active
- 2013-12-12 EP EP13802685.1A patent/EP2936630B1/en active Active
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO2014095579A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP2016506045A (en) | 2016-02-25 |
EP3490085B1 (en) | 2020-06-24 |
US9444227B2 (en) | 2016-09-13 |
JP6050899B2 (en) | 2016-12-27 |
US20150333488A1 (en) | 2015-11-19 |
WO2014095579A1 (en) | 2014-06-26 |
EP3490085A1 (en) | 2019-05-29 |
EP2936630B1 (en) | 2019-07-03 |
DE102012112543A1 (en) | 2014-06-18 |
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