EP2933810B1 - Switch - Google Patents

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Publication number
EP2933810B1
EP2933810B1 EP15163554.7A EP15163554A EP2933810B1 EP 2933810 B1 EP2933810 B1 EP 2933810B1 EP 15163554 A EP15163554 A EP 15163554A EP 2933810 B1 EP2933810 B1 EP 2933810B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
counter
connectors
sockets
switch
contact elements
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP15163554.7A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2933810A1 (en
Inventor
Johannes Mark
Markus Glaser
Christoph Hansli
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Wittenstein SE
Original Assignee
Wittenstein SE
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Wittenstein SE filed Critical Wittenstein SE
Publication of EP2933810A1 publication Critical patent/EP2933810A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2933810B1 publication Critical patent/EP2933810B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
    • H01H3/60—Mechanical arrangements for preventing or damping vibration or shock
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/12—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage
    • H01H1/36—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage by sliding
    • H01H1/38—Plug-and-socket contacts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
    • H01H3/22—Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism
    • H01H3/30—Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism using spring motor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
    • H01H3/32—Driving mechanisms, i.e. for transmitting driving force to the contacts
    • H01H3/40—Driving mechanisms, i.e. for transmitting driving force to the contacts using friction, toothed, or screw-and-nut gearing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/12—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage
    • H01H1/36—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage by sliding
    • H01H1/44—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage by sliding with resilient mounting
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
    • H01H3/22—Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism
    • H01H3/26—Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism using dynamo-electric motor
    • H01H2003/266—Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism using dynamo-electric motor having control circuits for motor operating switches, e.g. controlling the opening or closing speed of the contacts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
    • H01H3/32—Driving mechanisms, i.e. for transmitting driving force to the contacts
    • H01H3/40—Driving mechanisms, i.e. for transmitting driving force to the contacts using friction, toothed, or screw-and-nut gearing
    • H01H2003/405—Driving mechanisms, i.e. for transmitting driving force to the contacts using friction, toothed, or screw-and-nut gearing using a walking nut
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H2221/00—Actuators
    • H01H2221/062—Damping vibrations
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H2231/00—Applications
    • H01H2231/044—Under water
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
    • H01H3/22—Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism
    • H01H3/26—Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism using dynamo-electric motor
    • H01H3/264—Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism using dynamo-electric motor using a travelling nut mechanism

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a switch, in particular a submarine switch, and a use of such a switch.
  • Switches for subsea application are known in the art which include spring loaded contacts.
  • the contacts are closed by means of an electric motor against a spring force.
  • the motor is switched off, the spring pushes back the contact and the current flow is interrupted.
  • a relay or contactors often have the disadvantage of building large, consuming a lot of power. Furthermore, often no vibrations can be compensated. From the US 3,848,949 Pins are known which can be brought into linear contact by means of thread.
  • a disadvantage of the prior art is that in some switches springs must be mandatory to open the contacts. Furthermore, in known switches often no two safe states exist, since a return movement takes place by means of spring. Other disadvantages may be a susceptibility to vibration of the contact.
  • the US 4,866,222 shows a switch with sockets and pins, which may include an electric drive. From the US 5,416,286 A is a switch with opposite sockets, in which alternately a pin can be inserted, known.
  • the object of the invention is to provide an improved subsea switch for use under water. Especially should disadvantages of the prior art be mitigated or eliminated, for example, a secure contact or two safe states may be desirable.
  • One aspect of the invention relates to a submarine switch having a plurality of fixedly connected contact elements and a plurality of firmly interconnected sockets, wherein each one of the sockets is adapted to receive in each case one of the contact elements.
  • the switch comprises an actuator, which is set up for positively guided movement of the contact elements relative to the sockets. In this way, closing of an electrical connection between one of the contact elements and one of the jacks is possible by actuating the actuator.
  • a contact element, each with a socket comes into contact with each other.
  • a second position of the contact elements relative to the sockets in which there is no electrical connection between the contact elements on the one hand and the sockets on the other hand, be taken.
  • Another aspect of the invention relates to a use of a subsea switch in any of the typical embodiments described herein for switching a circuit at a depth of at least 30 meters.
  • Typical embodiments comprise at least 2 or at least 10 or at least 20 contact elements. This offers the advantage that numerous contacts can be closed in parallel. Typically, an equal number of sockets or possibly counter-sockets is provided.
  • the actuator causes a linear movement of the contact element relative to the bush, in particular in the direction of an axial direction of the bushing or an axial direction of a pin Contact element.
  • the axial directions of the contact elements, the sockets and the counter-sockets provided in some typical embodiments are aligned parallel to each other. This facilitates kinematically a simultaneous actuation of the contact elements, sockets or counter-sockets for opening or closing an electrical contact.
  • the switch is designed as a submarine switch and adapted to be used in sea depths of more than 30 meters.
  • Typical embodiments include a housing with sealed feedthroughs, for example for electrical power or control cables.
  • sealed feedthroughs can be provided for connecting or disconnecting feed or discharge cables. These feed or discharge cables are typically connected to the contact elements, the sockets or the counter sockets.
  • the contact element comprises a pin or a bolt.
  • Pins of embodiments may have a polygonal, a circular or a cross-section with rounded corners.
  • the sockets or counter-sockets are adapted to the cross-section of the contact elements.
  • the contact elements each comprise a pin, wherein the sockets or the counter-sockets are set up, so that when the contact element is received in a socket or in a counter-socket, the pin is completely enclosed at least in sections.
  • recording here also means a partial reception of the contact element, that is to say, for example, also a partial reception of a pin of the contact element.
  • the pin is at least partially completely enclosed.
  • Typical embodiments comprise contact elements each with two pins, one pin for contacting the corresponding socket and one pin axially opposite to the first pin for contacting the counter socket.
  • the contact elements, the sockets or, in embodiments with counter-sockets, the counter-sockets are each movable exclusively by the actuator.
  • This offers the advantage of a simple construction.
  • Typical embodiments of switches of the invention are return spring free. This can provide the advantage that can be dispensed with an unreliable reset by means of return springs.
  • the actuator is an electromotive actuator and redundant.
  • the redundantly executed actuator comprises at least two electrical machines and possibly two control electronics or two transmissions. This offers the advantage that in case of failure, for example, an electrical machine of the actuator, a second electric machine of the actuator can ensure the functionality of the actuator.
  • two electric machines are provided, which drive a common spur gear, which rotates an output, for example a spindle.
  • the at least one electrical machine can be designed with two redundant windings.
  • Typical embodiments include hydraulically or pneumatically driven actuators. This may be useful in environments where use of an electrical machine is inappropriate or has disadvantages. Another advantage could be that can be used on already existing hydraulic or pneumatic systems, so that may be saved costs for an electric drive.
  • the actuator is electrically controllable, for example via a control line or via a radio remote control. This allows a Remote control, for example, from a control room or from a ship.
  • a control device for controlling the actuator can also be provided within a housing of the switch. Typical embodiments of control devices are configured to transmit a feedback about the state of the switch. Such feedback may include, for example, information about a functionality, a switching state or a temperature of the switch.
  • Typical embodiments of switches of the invention include a spindle nut which is moved by a spindle.
  • the spindle is connected in typical embodiments to an output shaft of the actuator.
  • the spindle nut is typically arranged linearly displaceable and fixedly connected to the contact elements or in other embodiments fixed to the sockets and optionally with the counter-sockets. In this way, a positive guidance of the contact elements and the bushings is achieved relative to each other.
  • the contact elements, bushes or counter-sockets are moved relative to each other with a pinion and rack and pinion combination.
  • the pinion may for example be connected to the output shaft of the actuator.
  • Typical embodiments include cams, eccentrics, connecting rods or toggles for transmitting rotational movement of the actuator into axial movement of the contact elements, the sockets or the counter sockets.
  • each one of the counter-sockets is adapted to receive each one of the contact elements and each opposite a counter-jack a jack in a direction of movement of the contact element.
  • the counter-jacks and the bushings are arranged at a distance, which an intermediate position of the contact elements between the Bushings and the counter sockets allows. In this way it can be achieved that the contact elements can be separated from any contact with the sockets or the counter sockets.
  • the counter-sockets are firmly connected to the sockets. In this way, the structure can be simplified.
  • the counter bushings are arranged to be movable relative to the bushes. In this way, circuits can be switched with a larger number of possibilities.
  • the sockets or at least a portion of the counter-sockets each comprise an electrically conductive spring element, wherein the spring element is adapted to contact the respective contact element and to clamp in contact element received in the respective socket.
  • the spring element is arranged, so that the respective pin is contacted by the respective spring element.
  • the contact elements are designed optically or fluidly.
  • Typical embodiments may have the following advantages. There are forcibly guided states which can be determined exactly. Typical switches are relatively robust to vibration, especially in embodiments with an at least partially enclosed contact element. In this way, a static predicament can be created. Typical embodiments have a high reliability, since there are few moving parts and not necessarily a spring as an actuator element. Typical switches of the invention have a high power density because a plurality of contacts can be operated simultaneously. There is typically high flexibility, so the contacts can be used as signal contacts or high current contacts. In embodiments, all contact elements and sockets are identical in each case, in other embodiments, different sized contact elements are provided, which can be used for different purposes. It will be at Embodiments do not necessarily require power to maintain the position.
  • the Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a typical embodiment of a switch according to the invention 1.
  • the switch 1 comprises three contact elements 3, which each have two pins 5.
  • the drive of the contact elements by means of an actuator 10, which comprises two electric machines 12.
  • the electric machines 12 drive via reduction gear 14th a summation gear 16, which drives a spindle nut 20 via a spindle 18.
  • the spindle 18 is seated on the spindle nut 20, which rotationally and axially displaceable, in the embodiment of FIG. 1 by linear guide, is stored.
  • the contact elements 3 are attached to the pins 5. By rotation of the spindle 18 so the contact elements 3 can be moved relative to sockets 23 and counter-sockets 25.
  • the electrical machines 12 are each connected to associated control devices 30. In this way, redundancy is also given to the control devices.
  • the control devices 30 can be remotely controlled via a control line.
  • the contact elements 3 are each connected to cable 35, the sockets 23 are each connected to cable 36 and the counter-sockets 25 are each connected to cable 37.
  • the cables 35, 36 and 37 are guided in typical embodiments to a water-impermeable passage. In this way, elements lying outside of a housing of the switch 1 can be switched.
  • the spindle nut is movable between two end positions, wherein at least one contact, typically at least one bush or one counter bush, is arranged in the respective end position.
  • at least one contact typically at least one bush or one counter bush
  • One contact can be closed between the end positions, while at the same time another contact is opened.
  • switching between two circuits is possible in a redundant system.
  • typical embodiments allow a position of the contact element between the respective sockets and counter-sockets, so that a complete separation, for example, a power supply is possible.
  • no counter-sockets are provided, so that only a contacting of the sockets by the contact elements is possible. This leads to a simplified structure.
  • the drive is in embodiments such as the embodiment of Fig. 1 redundant.
  • Fig. 2 is a sectional plan view of an embodiment of a switch according to the invention shown.
  • the embodiment of the Fig. 2 In its construction principle corresponds essentially to that in the schematic diagram of Fig. 1 shown principle. The same or similar parts are given the same reference numbers as in the FIG. 1 and may not be described again.
  • the embodiment of the Fig. 2 relates to a switch 1, which can be used as a submarine switch.
  • the switch 1 comprises a redundantly constructed (see Fig. 1 ) Actuator 10, which via a spindle 18 a spindle nut 20, which is mounted linearly displaceably on a linear guide 40, can move.
  • This contact elements 3, which are fixedly connected to the spindle nut 20, linearly displaced in the axial direction of the spindle 18.
  • the contact elements 3 each comprise two pins 5, which are arranged on both sides of the contact element in the axial direction.
  • a part of the pins 5 may be accommodated in sockets 23 or in counter-sockets 25 or may be arranged in an intermediate position between the sockets 23 and the counter-sockets 25.
  • the sockets and, if present, the counter-sockets are firmly connected to each other and fixed to a spindle nut.
  • the contact elements are fixed relative to the housing so that the sockets and, optionally, the counter sockets are moved relative to the housing and the contact elements.
  • the switch of Fig. 2 Like other typical embodiments, it comprises a watertight housing 41.
  • a cable bushing 42 is arranged in the housing 41, via which control lines and power supply lines as well as cables (in Fig. 1 Reference numerals 35, 36 and 37) of the sockets 23, the counter-sockets 25 and the contact elements 3 are guided. In this way, operation of the switch is also possible under water or in adverse environmental conditions.
  • a redundant power supply of an actuator 10 of embodiments of the invention is shown.
  • the actuator is connected via a supply switch 50 with two redundant control devices 52, which each have their own energy sources 54.
  • the control devices 52 determine whether and, if appropriate, at what time is switched. For this purpose, the control devices 52 are connected to the control devices 30. Furthermore, the control devices determine a setpoint position, monitor and control and give feedback to an optional higher-level system.
  • the control devices 30 comprise the control and regulating electronics for the electrical machines 12 of the actuators 10.
  • the switch has three contact positions: In addition to the two end positions described with the previous embodiment, the switch can assume a third position, which is arranged between the two end positions. In this third position, which can also be referred to as intermediate position, the switch closes by a positively driven plug element or a cam switch another contact. This further contact the third contact position is typically closed orthogonal to the direction of movement of the spindle nut or to a connected to the spindle nut guide carriage.
  • Fig. 4 is shown in a schematic diagram, as in the socket 23 or in the counter-jack 25, the pins 5 are each contacted by electrically conductive spring elements 60, which clamp the respective pins 5 and hold in position.

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  • Details Of Connecting Devices For Male And Female Coupling (AREA)
  • Keying Circuit Devices (AREA)
  • Switch Cases, Indication, And Locking (AREA)
  • Driving Mechanisms And Operating Circuits Of Arc-Extinguishing High-Tension Switches (AREA)

Description

Gebiet der ErfindungField of the invention

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Schalter, insbesondere einen Unterseeschalter, und eine Verwendung eines solchen Schalters.The invention relates to a switch, in particular a submarine switch, and a use of such a switch.

Stand der TechnikState of the art

Aus dem Stand der Technik sind Schalter für eine Anwendung im Unterseebereich ("subsea") bekannt, welche Feder-beaufschlagte Kontakte umfassen. Die Kontakte werden mittels Elektromotor gegen eine Federkraft geschlossen. Bei Abschalten des Motors drückt die Feder den Kontakt zurück und der Stromfluss wird unterbrochen.Switches for subsea application are known in the art which include spring loaded contacts. The contacts are closed by means of an electric motor against a spring force. When the motor is switched off, the spring pushes back the contact and the current flow is interrupted.

Ein Relais oder Schütze haben häufig den Nachteil, groß zu bauen, viel Strom zu verbrauchen. Weiterhin können oft keine Vibrationen ausgeglichen werden. Aus der US 3,848,949 sind Stifte bekannt, welche mittels Gewinde linear in Kontakt gebracht werden können.A relay or contactors often have the disadvantage of building large, consuming a lot of power. Furthermore, often no vibrations can be compensated. From the US 3,848,949 Pins are known which can be brought into linear contact by means of thread.

Nachteilig an dem Stand der Technik ist, dass bei einigen Schaltern zwingend Federn vorgesehen sein müssen, um die Kontakte zu öffnen. Weiterhin sind bei bekannten Schaltern häufig keine zwei sicheren Zustände vorhanden, da eine Rückstellbewegung mittels Feder erfolgt. Weitere Nachteile können eine Vibrationsanfälligkeit des Kontaktes sein.A disadvantage of the prior art is that in some switches springs must be mandatory to open the contacts. Furthermore, in known switches often no two safe states exist, since a return movement takes place by means of spring. Other disadvantages may be a susceptibility to vibration of the contact.

Die US 4,866,222 zeigt einen Schalter mit Buchsen und Stiften, welcher einen elektrischen Antrieb umfassen kann. Aus der US 5,416,286 A ist ein Schalter mit gegenüberliegenden Buchsen, in welche abwechselnd ein Stift eingeschoben werden kann, bekannt.The US 4,866,222 shows a switch with sockets and pins, which may include an electric drive. From the US 5,416,286 A is a switch with opposite sockets, in which alternately a pin can be inserted, known.

Offenbarung der ErfindungDisclosure of the invention

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, einen verbesserten Unterseeschalter für eine Verwendung unter Wasser anzugeben. Insbesondere sollen Nachteile aus dem Stand der Technik gemildert oder abgestellt werden, bspw. können ein sicherer Kontakt oder zwei sichere Zustände wünschenswert sein.The object of the invention is to provide an improved subsea switch for use under water. Especially should disadvantages of the prior art be mitigated or eliminated, for example, a secure contact or two safe states may be desirable.

Die Aufgabe wird mit einem Schalter nach dem Anspruch 1 und einer Verwendung nach dem nebengeordneten Anspruch gelöst.The object is achieved with a switch according to claim 1 and a use according to the independent claim.

Ein Aspekt der Erfindung betrifft einen Unterseeschalter mit einer Mehrzahl fest miteinander verbundener Kontaktelemente und einer Mehrzahl fest miteinander verbundener Buchsen, wobei jeweils eine der Buchsen zur Aufnahme von jeweils einem der Kontaktelemente eingerichtet ist. Weiterhin umfasst der Schalter einen Aktuator, der zum zwangsgeführten Bewegen der Kontaktelemente relativ zu den Buchsen eingerichtet ist. Auf diese Weise ist durch Betätigen des Aktuators ein Schließen einer elektrischen Verbindung zwischen je einem der Kontaktelemente und je einer der Buchsen möglich. Dabei gelangt jeweils ein Kontaktelement mit jeweils einer Buchse in Kontakt miteinander. Weiterhin kann mit dem Aktuator eine zweite Position der Kontaktelemente relativ zu den Buchsen, bei welcher keine elektrische Verbindung zwischen den Kontaktelementen einerseits und den Buchsen andererseits besteht, eingenommen werden.One aspect of the invention relates to a submarine switch having a plurality of fixedly connected contact elements and a plurality of firmly interconnected sockets, wherein each one of the sockets is adapted to receive in each case one of the contact elements. Furthermore, the switch comprises an actuator, which is set up for positively guided movement of the contact elements relative to the sockets. In this way, closing of an electrical connection between one of the contact elements and one of the jacks is possible by actuating the actuator. In each case, a contact element, each with a socket comes into contact with each other. Furthermore, with the actuator, a second position of the contact elements relative to the sockets, in which there is no electrical connection between the contact elements on the one hand and the sockets on the other hand, be taken.

Ein weiterer Aspekt der Erfindung betrifft eine Verwendung eines Unterseeschalter in einer der hierin beschriebenen typischen Ausführungsformen zum Schalten eines Stromkreises in einer Seetiefe von mindestens 30 Metern.Another aspect of the invention relates to a use of a subsea switch in any of the typical embodiments described herein for switching a circuit at a depth of at least 30 meters.

Typische Ausführungsformen umfassen zumindest 2 oder zumindest 10 oder zumindest 20 Kontaktelemente. Dies bietet den Vorteil, dass zahlreiche Kontakte parallel geschlossen werden können. Typischerweise ist eine gleiche Anzahl Buchsen oder gegebenenfalls Konterbuchsen vorgesehen.Typical embodiments comprise at least 2 or at least 10 or at least 20 contact elements. This offers the advantage that numerous contacts can be closed in parallel. Typically, an equal number of sockets or possibly counter-sockets is provided.

Typischerweise bewirkt der Aktuator eine lineare Bewegung des Kontaktelementes relativ zu der Buchse, insbesondere in Richtung einer Axialrichtung der Buchse oder einer Axialrichtung eines als Stift ausgeführten Kontaktelementes. Typischerweise sind die Axialrichtungen der Kontaktelemente, der Buchsen und der bei einigen typischen Ausführungsformen vorgesehenen Konterbuchsen parallel zueinander ausgerichtet. Dies erleichtert kinematisch eine gleichzeitige Betätigung der Kontaktelemente, Buchsen oder Konterbuchsen zum Öffnen oder Schließen eines elektrischen Kontaktes.Typically, the actuator causes a linear movement of the contact element relative to the bush, in particular in the direction of an axial direction of the bushing or an axial direction of a pin Contact element. Typically, the axial directions of the contact elements, the sockets and the counter-sockets provided in some typical embodiments are aligned parallel to each other. This facilitates kinematically a simultaneous actuation of the contact elements, sockets or counter-sockets for opening or closing an electrical contact.

Bei der Erfindung ist der Schalter als Unterseeschalter ausgeführt und dazu eingerichtet, in Seetiefen von mehr als 30 Metern eingesetzt zu werden. Typische Ausführungsformen umfassen ein Gehäuse mit abgedichteten Durchführungen, beispielsweise für elektrische Kabel zur Energieversorgung oder Steuerung. Weiterhin können abgedichtete Durchführungen für zu verbindenden oder zu trennende Zu- oder Ableitungskabel vorgesehen sein. Diese Zu- oder Ableitungskabel sind typischerweise mit den Kontaktelementen, den Buchsen oder den Konterbuchsen verbunden.In the invention, the switch is designed as a submarine switch and adapted to be used in sea depths of more than 30 meters. Typical embodiments include a housing with sealed feedthroughs, for example for electrical power or control cables. Furthermore, sealed feedthroughs can be provided for connecting or disconnecting feed or discharge cables. These feed or discharge cables are typically connected to the contact elements, the sockets or the counter sockets.

Bei typischen Ausführungsformen der Erfindung umfasst das Kontaktelement einen Stift oder einen Bolzen. Stifte von Ausführungsformen können einen polygonalen, einen kreisförmigen oder einen Querschnitt mit abgerundeten Ecken aufweisen. Typischerweise sind die Buchsen oder Konterbuchsen dem Querschnitt der Kontaktelemente angepasst. Bei typischen Ausführungsformen umfassen die Kontaktelemente jeweils einen Stift, wobei die Buchsen oder die Konterbuchsen eingerichtet sind, so dass bei einer Aufnahme des Kontaktelementes in einer Buchse oder in einer Konterbuchse der Stift zumindest abschnittsweise vollständig umschlossen wird. Unter Aufnahme wird hierin, so weit nicht anderes angegeben, auch eine teilweise Aufnahme des Kontaktelementes, also beispielsweise auch eine teilweise Aufnahme eines Stiftes des Kontaktelementes, verstanden. Typischerweise wird der Stift zumindest teilweise vollumfänglich umschlossen. Dabei bedeutet "umschlossen" typischerweise, dass zumindest ein Abschnitt des Stiftes in alle radialen Richtungen von der Buchse umgeben ist. Solche Ausführungsformen ermöglichen insbesondere bei Vibrationen einen zuverlässigen Kontakt. Typische Ausführungsformen umfassen Kontaktelemente mit jeweils zwei Stiften, jeweils ein Stift zur Kontaktierung der entsprechenden Buchse und ein Stift axial gegenüberliegend zu dem ersten Stift zur Kontaktierung der Konterbuchse.In typical embodiments of the invention, the contact element comprises a pin or a bolt. Pins of embodiments may have a polygonal, a circular or a cross-section with rounded corners. Typically, the sockets or counter-sockets are adapted to the cross-section of the contact elements. In typical embodiments, the contact elements each comprise a pin, wherein the sockets or the counter-sockets are set up, so that when the contact element is received in a socket or in a counter-socket, the pin is completely enclosed at least in sections. Unless otherwise stated, recording here also means a partial reception of the contact element, that is to say, for example, also a partial reception of a pin of the contact element. Typically, the pin is at least partially completely enclosed. As used herein, "enclosed" typically means that at least a portion of the pin is surrounded by the socket in all radial directions. Such embodiments allow a reliable contact, especially with vibrations. Typical embodiments comprise contact elements each with two pins, one pin for contacting the corresponding socket and one pin axially opposite to the first pin for contacting the counter socket.

Typischerweise sind die Kontaktelemente, die Buchsen oder, bei Ausführungsformen mit Konterbuchsen, die Konterbuchsen jeweils ausschließlich durch den Aktuator bewegbar. Dies bietet den Vorteil eines einfachen Aufbaus. Typische Ausführungsformen von Schaltern der Erfindung sind Rückstellfeder-frei. Dies kann den Vorteil bieten, dass auf eine unzuverlässige Rückstellung mittels Rückstellfedern verzichtet werden kann.Typically, the contact elements, the sockets or, in embodiments with counter-sockets, the counter-sockets are each movable exclusively by the actuator. This offers the advantage of a simple construction. Typical embodiments of switches of the invention are return spring free. This can provide the advantage that can be dispensed with an unreliable reset by means of return springs.

Bei der Erfindung ist der Aktuator ein elektromotorischer Aktuator und redundant ausgeführt. Der redundant ausgeführte Aktuator umfasst zumindest zwei elektrische Maschinen und eventuell zwei Steuerelektroniken oder zwei Getriebe. Dies bietet den Vorteil, dass bei Ausfall beispielsweise einer elektrischen Maschine des Aktuators eine zweite elektrische Maschine des Aktuators die Funktionstüchtigkeit des Aktuators sicherstellen kann. Bei Ausführungsformen sind z.B. zwei elektrische Maschinen vorgesehen, welche ein gemeinsames Stirnrad antreiben, welches einen Abtrieb, beispielsweise eine Spindel rotiert. Ebenfalls kann die mindestens eine elektrische Maschine mit zwei redundanten Wicklungen ausgeführt sein.In the invention, the actuator is an electromotive actuator and redundant. The redundantly executed actuator comprises at least two electrical machines and possibly two control electronics or two transmissions. This offers the advantage that in case of failure, for example, an electrical machine of the actuator, a second electric machine of the actuator can ensure the functionality of the actuator. In embodiments, e.g. two electric machines are provided, which drive a common spur gear, which rotates an output, for example a spindle. Likewise, the at least one electrical machine can be designed with two redundant windings.

Weitere typische Ausführungsformen umfassen hydraulisch oder pneumatisch angetriebene Aktuatoren. Dies kann in Umgebungen sinnvoll sein, bei denen ein Einsatz einer elektrischen Maschine ungeeignet ist oder Nachteile aufweist. Ein weiterer Vorteil könnte sein, dass auf ohnehin vorhandene hydraulische oder pneumatische Systeme zurückgegriffen werden kann, so dass unter Umständen Kosten für einen elektrischen Antrieb eingespart werden können. Typischerweise ist der Aktuator elektrisch steuerbar, beispielsweise über eine Steuerleitung oder über eine Funkfernsteuerung. Dies ermöglicht eine Fernsteuerung beispielsweise von einem Kontrollraum oder von einem Schiff aus. Bei Ausführungsformen kann auch innerhalb eines Gehäuses des Schalters eine Kontrolleinrichtung zum Ansteuern des Aktuators vorgesehen sein. Typische Ausführungsformen von Kontrolleinrichtungen sind dazu eingerichtet, eine Rückmeldung über den Zustand des Schalters zu übertragen. Solche Rückmeldungen können beispielsweise Informationen über eine Funktionsfähigkeit, einen Schaltzustand oder eine Temperatur des Schalters umfassen.Other typical embodiments include hydraulically or pneumatically driven actuators. This may be useful in environments where use of an electrical machine is inappropriate or has disadvantages. Another advantage could be that can be used on already existing hydraulic or pneumatic systems, so that may be saved costs for an electric drive. Typically, the actuator is electrically controllable, for example via a control line or via a radio remote control. This allows a Remote control, for example, from a control room or from a ship. In embodiments, a control device for controlling the actuator can also be provided within a housing of the switch. Typical embodiments of control devices are configured to transmit a feedback about the state of the switch. Such feedback may include, for example, information about a functionality, a switching state or a temperature of the switch.

Typische Ausführungsformen von Schaltern der Erfindung umfassen eine Spindelmutter, welche durch eine Spindel bewegt wird. Die Spindel ist bei typischen Ausführungsformen mit einer Abtriebswelle des Aktuators verbunden. Die Spindelmutter ist typischerweise linear verschieblich angeordnet und fest mit den Kontaktelementen oder bei anderen Ausführungsformen fest mit den Buchsen und gegebenenfalls mit den Konterbuchsen verbunden. Auf diese Weise wird eine Zwangsführung der Kontaktelemente und der Buchsen relativ zueinander erreicht. Bei weiteren Ausführungsformen werden die Kontaktelemente, Buchsen oder Konterbuchsen mit einer Ritzel-Zahnstangen-Kombination relativ zueinander bewegt. Das Ritzel kann beispielsweise mit der Abtriebswelle des Aktuators verbunden sein. Typische Ausführungsformen umfassen Kurvenscheiben, Exzenter, Pleuel oder Kniehebel zum Übertragen einer Drehbewegung des Aktuators in eine axiale Bewegung der Kontaktelemente, der Buchsen oder der Konterbuchsen.Typical embodiments of switches of the invention include a spindle nut which is moved by a spindle. The spindle is connected in typical embodiments to an output shaft of the actuator. The spindle nut is typically arranged linearly displaceable and fixedly connected to the contact elements or in other embodiments fixed to the sockets and optionally with the counter-sockets. In this way, a positive guidance of the contact elements and the bushings is achieved relative to each other. In further embodiments, the contact elements, bushes or counter-sockets are moved relative to each other with a pinion and rack and pinion combination. The pinion may for example be connected to the output shaft of the actuator. Typical embodiments include cams, eccentrics, connecting rods or toggles for transmitting rotational movement of the actuator into axial movement of the contact elements, the sockets or the counter sockets.

Schalter nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche mit einer Mehrzahl fest miteinander verbundener Konterbuchsen, wobei jeweils eine der Konterbuchsen zur Aufnahme von jeweils einem der Kontaktelemente eingerichtet ist und je eine Konterbuchse jeweils einer Buchse in einer Bewegungsrichtung des Kontaktelementes gegenüberliegt. Dies bietet den Vorteil, dass mit den Kontaktelementen wahlweise die Buchsen oder die Konterbuchsen kontaktiert werden können. Bei Ausführungsformen der Erfindung sind die Konterbuchsen und die Buchsen in einem Abstand angeordnet, welcher eine Zwischenstellung der Kontaktelemente zwischen den Buchsen und den Konterbuchsen ermöglicht. Auf diese Weise kann erreicht werden, dass die Kontaktelemente von jeglichem Kontakt zu den Buchsen oder den Konterbuchsen getrennt werden können.Switch according to one of the preceding claims with a plurality of fixedly interconnected counter-sockets, wherein each one of the counter-sockets is adapted to receive each one of the contact elements and each opposite a counter-jack a jack in a direction of movement of the contact element. This offers the advantage that with the contact elements either the sockets or the counter sockets can be contacted. In embodiments of the invention, the counter-jacks and the bushings are arranged at a distance, which an intermediate position of the contact elements between the Bushings and the counter sockets allows. In this way it can be achieved that the contact elements can be separated from any contact with the sockets or the counter sockets.

Bei typischen Ausführungsformen sind die Konterbuchsen fest mit den Buchsen verbunden. Auf diese Weise kann der Aufbau vereinfacht werden. Bei weiteren Ausführungsbeispielen sind die Konterbuchsen relativ zu den Buchsen bewegbar angeordnet. Auf diese Weise lassen sich Stromkreise mit einer größeren Zahl an Möglichkeiten schalten.In typical embodiments, the counter-sockets are firmly connected to the sockets. In this way, the structure can be simplified. In further embodiments, the counter bushings are arranged to be movable relative to the bushes. In this way, circuits can be switched with a larger number of possibilities.

Typischerweise umfassen zumindest ein Teil der Buchsen oder zumindest ein Teil der Konterbuchsen jeweils ein elektrisch leitendes Federelement, wobei das Federelement eingerichtet ist, um bei in der jeweiligen Buchse aufgenommenem Kontaktelement das jeweilige Kontaktelement zu Kontaktieren und zu Verspannen. Bei Kontaktelementen, welche einen Stift umfassen, ist das Federelement angeordnet, so dass der jeweilige Stift durch das jeweilige Federelement kontaktiert wird. Bei weiteren Ausführungsformen sind die Kontaktelemente optisch oder fluidisch ausgeführt.Typically, at least a portion of the sockets or at least a portion of the counter-sockets each comprise an electrically conductive spring element, wherein the spring element is adapted to contact the respective contact element and to clamp in contact element received in the respective socket. In contact elements which comprise a pin, the spring element is arranged, so that the respective pin is contacted by the respective spring element. In further embodiments, the contact elements are designed optically or fluidly.

Typische Ausführungsformen können folgende Vorteile aufweisen. Es sind zwangsgeführte Zustände vorhanden, welche genau bestimmt werden können. Typische Schalter sind vergleichsweise robust gegenüber Vibrationen, insbesondere bei Ausführungsformen mit einem zumindest teilweise umschlossenen Kontaktelement. Auf diese Weise kann eine statische Zwangslage geschaffen werden. Typische Ausführungsformen weisen eine hohe Zuverlässigkeit auf, da wenig bewegte Teile und nicht zwingend eine Feder als Aktorelement vorhanden sind. Typische Schalter der Erfindung weisen eine hohe Leistungsdichte auf, da eine Mehrzahl von Kontakten gleichzeitig betätigt werden kann. Es besteht typischerweise eine hohe Flexibilität, so können die Kontakte als Signalkontakte oder Hochstromkontakte verwendet werden. Bei Ausführungsformen sind alle Kontaktelemente und Buchsen jeweils identische ausgeführt, bei weiteren Ausführungsformen sind unterschiedlich große Kontaktelemente vorgesehen, welche für unterschiedliche Zwecke eingesetzt werden können. Es wird bei Ausführungsformen nicht notwendigerweise Strom zur Beibehaltung der Position benötigt.Typical embodiments may have the following advantages. There are forcibly guided states which can be determined exactly. Typical switches are relatively robust to vibration, especially in embodiments with an at least partially enclosed contact element. In this way, a static predicament can be created. Typical embodiments have a high reliability, since there are few moving parts and not necessarily a spring as an actuator element. Typical switches of the invention have a high power density because a plurality of contacts can be operated simultaneously. There is typically high flexibility, so the contacts can be used as signal contacts or high current contacts. In embodiments, all contact elements and sockets are identical in each case, in other embodiments, different sized contact elements are provided, which can be used for different purposes. It will be at Embodiments do not necessarily require power to maintain the position.

Kurze Beschreibung der ZeichnungenBrief description of the drawings

Weitere Vorteile und Merkmale bevorzugter Ausführungsformen der Erfindung werden nachfolgend anhand der beiliegenden Zeichnungen erläutert, wobei die Figuren zeigen:

Fig. 1
ist eine Prinzipskizze einer typischen Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Schalters; und
Fig. 2
ist eine schematische, geschnittene Draufsicht auf eine Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Schalters;
Fig. 3
eine redundante Energieversorgung eines Aktuators von Ausführungsbeispielen der Erfindung; und
Fig. 4
eine Prinzipskizze, wie in einer Buchse von Ausführungsformen Stifte aufgenommen werden.
Further advantages and features of preferred embodiments of the invention will be explained below with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
Fig. 1
is a schematic diagram of a typical embodiment of a switch according to the invention; and
Fig. 2
is a schematic, sectional plan view of an embodiment of a switch according to the invention;
Fig. 3
a redundant power supply of an actuator of embodiments of the invention; and
Fig. 4
a schematic diagram of how to be included in a socket of embodiments pins.

Beschreibung bevorzugter AusführungsbeispieleDescription of preferred embodiments

Nachfolgend werden typische Ausführungsformen anhand der Figuren beschrieben, wobei die Erfindung nicht auf die Ausführungsbeispiele beschränkt ist, vielmehr wird der Umfang der Erfindung durch die Ansprüche bestimmt.Hereinafter, typical embodiments will be described with reference to the figures, the invention being not limited to the embodiments, but the scope of the invention is determined by the claims.

Die Fig. 1 ist eine Prinzipskizze einer typischen Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Schalters 1. Der Schalter 1 umfasst drei Kontaktelemente 3, welche jeweils über zwei Stifte 5 verfügen. Der Antrieb der Kontaktelemente erfolgt mittels eines Aktuators 10, welcher zwei elektrische Maschinen 12 umfasst. Die elektrischen Maschinen 12 treiben über Untersetzungsgetriebe 14 ein Summiergetriebe 16 an, welches über eine Spindel 18 eine Spindelmutter 20 antreibt. Der Spindel 18 sitzt die Spindelmutter 20 auf, welche verdrehfest und axial verschieblich, im Ausführungsbeispiel der Figur 1 mittels Linearführung, gelagert ist. An der Spindelmutter 20 sind die Kontaktelemente 3 mit den Stiften 5 befestigt. Durch Rotation der Spindel 18 können so die Kontaktelemente 3 relativ zu Buchsen 23 und Konterbuchsen 25 bewegt werden. Durch Eingriff jeweils eines Stiftes 5 in eine Buchse 23 wird eine elektrische Verbindung zwischen dem Stift 5 und der Buchse 23 hergestellt. Beim Eingreifen des Stifts 5 in die Buchse 23 wird ein axialer Abschnitt des Stifts 5 radial von der Buchse 23 umgriffen, der Stift 5 wird also teilweise durch die Buchse 23 umschlossen. Dies gilt analog bei einer Bewegung des Kontaktelementes 3 in die entgegengesetzte Richtung, wobei der jeweils gegenüberliegende Stift 5 des Kontaktelementes von der jeweiligen Konterbuchse 25 teilweise umschlossen wird. In der Buchse 23 und in der Konterbuchse 25 werden die Stifte 5 jeweils von elektrisch leitenden Federelementen kontaktiert, welche die jeweiligen Stifte 5 verspannen und in Position halten (siehe Fig. 4).The Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a typical embodiment of a switch according to the invention 1. The switch 1 comprises three contact elements 3, which each have two pins 5. The drive of the contact elements by means of an actuator 10, which comprises two electric machines 12. The electric machines 12 drive via reduction gear 14th a summation gear 16, which drives a spindle nut 20 via a spindle 18. The spindle 18 is seated on the spindle nut 20, which rotationally and axially displaceable, in the embodiment of FIG. 1 by linear guide, is stored. On the spindle nut 20, the contact elements 3 are attached to the pins 5. By rotation of the spindle 18 so the contact elements 3 can be moved relative to sockets 23 and counter-sockets 25. By engagement of a respective pin 5 in a socket 23, an electrical connection between the pin 5 and the socket 23 is made. Upon engagement of the pin 5 in the socket 23, an axial portion of the pin 5 is radially encompassed by the sleeve 23, the pin 5 is thus partially enclosed by the sleeve 23. This applies analogously to a movement of the contact element 3 in the opposite direction, wherein the respective opposite pin 5 of the contact element is partially enclosed by the respective counter-socket 25. In the socket 23 and in the counter socket 25, the pins 5 are respectively contacted by electrically conductive spring elements which clamp the respective pins 5 and hold in position (see Fig. 4 ).

Die elektrischen Maschinen 12 sind jeweils mit zugeordneten Steuereinrichtungen 30 verbunden. Auf diese Weise ist auch bei den Steuereinrichtungen Redundanz gegeben. Die Steuereinrichtungen 30 lassen sich über eine Steuerleitung fernsteuern. Die Kontaktelemente 3 sind jeweils an Kabel 35 angeschlossen, die Buchsen 23 sind jeweils an Kabel 36 angeschlossen und die Konterbuchsen 25 sind jeweils an Kabel 37 angeschlossen. Die Kabel 35, 36 und 37 sind bei typischen Ausführungsformen zu einer wasserundurchlässigen Durchführung geführt. Auf diese Weise können außerhalb eines Gehäuses des Schalters 1 liegende Elemente geschaltet werden.The electrical machines 12 are each connected to associated control devices 30. In this way, redundancy is also given to the control devices. The control devices 30 can be remotely controlled via a control line. The contact elements 3 are each connected to cable 35, the sockets 23 are each connected to cable 36 and the counter-sockets 25 are each connected to cable 37. The cables 35, 36 and 37 are guided in typical embodiments to a water-impermeable passage. In this way, elements lying outside of a housing of the switch 1 can be switched.

Bei der in der Fig. 1 gezeigten Ausführungsvariante ist die Spindelmutter zwischen zwei Endpositionen bewegbar, wobei in der jeweiligen Endposition zumindest ein Kontakt, typischerweise zumindest jeweils eine Buchse oder eine Konterbuchse angeordnet ist. Durch eine Bewegung der Spindelmutter zwischen den Endpositionen kann jeweils ein Kontakt geschlossen werden während gleichzeitig ein weiterer Kontakt geöffnet wird. Somit ist ein Umschalten zwischen zwei Stromkreisen in einem redundant ausgelegten System möglich. Weiterhin ermöglichen typische Ausführungsformen eine Stellung des Kontaktelements zwischen den jeweiligen Buchsen und Konterbuchsen, so dass eine vollständige Trennung beispielsweise einer Stromversorgung möglich ist. Bei weiteren Ausführungsformen sind keine Konterbuchsen vorgesehen, so dass nur eine Kontaktierung der Buchsen durch die Kontaktelemente möglich ist. Dies führt zu einem vereinfachten Aufbau.When in the Fig. 1 In the embodiment variant shown, the spindle nut is movable between two end positions, wherein at least one contact, typically at least one bush or one counter bush, is arranged in the respective end position. By a movement of the spindle nut One contact can be closed between the end positions, while at the same time another contact is opened. Thus, switching between two circuits is possible in a redundant system. Furthermore, typical embodiments allow a position of the contact element between the respective sockets and counter-sockets, so that a complete separation, for example, a power supply is possible. In further embodiments, no counter-sockets are provided, so that only a contacting of the sockets by the contact elements is possible. This leads to a simplified structure.

Aufgrund des Einsatzes des Schalters in extremen Bedingungen, insbesondere schwer zugänglichen Einsatzgebieten, ist der Antrieb bei Ausführungsvarianten wie beispielsweise der Ausführungsform der Fig. 1 redundant ausgeführt.Due to the use of the switch in extreme conditions, especially difficult to access areas of application, the drive is in embodiments such as the embodiment of Fig. 1 redundant.

In der Fig. 2 ist eine geschnittene Draufsicht auf eine Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Schalters gezeigt. Die Ausführungsform der Fig. 2 entspricht in seinem Bauprinzip im Wesentlichen dem in der Prinzipskizze der Fig. 1 gezeigten Prinzip. Gleiche oder ähnliche Teile werden mit gleichen Bezugszeichen wir in der Figur 1 gekennzeichnet und unter Umständen nicht nochmals beschrieben.In the Fig. 2 is a sectional plan view of an embodiment of a switch according to the invention shown. The embodiment of the Fig. 2 In its construction principle corresponds essentially to that in the schematic diagram of Fig. 1 shown principle. The same or similar parts are given the same reference numbers as in the FIG. 1 and may not be described again.

Die Ausführungsform der Fig. 2 betrifft einen Schalter 1, der als Unterseeschalter einsetzbar ist. Der Schalter 1 umfasst einen redundant aufgebauten (siehe Fig. 1) Aktuator 10, welcher über eine Spindel 18 eine Spindelmutter 20, welche an einer Linearführung 40 linear verschiebbar gelagert ist, bewegen kann. Damit werden Kontaktelemente 3, welche fest mit der Spindelmutter 20 verbunden sind, in axialer Richtung der Spindel 18 linear verschoben. Die Kontaktelemente 3 umfassen jeweils zwei Stifte 5, welche auf beiden Seiten des Kontaktelementes in axialer Richtung angeordnet sind. Je nach Stellung der Spindelmutter können jeweils ein Teil der Stifte 5 in Buchsen 23 oder in Konterbuchsen 25 aufgenommen sein oder in einer Zwischenstellung zwischen den Buchsen 23 und den Konterbuchsen 25 angeordnet sein.The embodiment of the Fig. 2 relates to a switch 1, which can be used as a submarine switch. The switch 1 comprises a redundantly constructed (see Fig. 1 ) Actuator 10, which via a spindle 18 a spindle nut 20, which is mounted linearly displaceably on a linear guide 40, can move. This contact elements 3, which are fixedly connected to the spindle nut 20, linearly displaced in the axial direction of the spindle 18. The contact elements 3 each comprise two pins 5, which are arranged on both sides of the contact element in the axial direction. Depending on the position of the spindle nut, a part of the pins 5 may be accommodated in sockets 23 or in counter-sockets 25 or may be arranged in an intermediate position between the sockets 23 and the counter-sockets 25.

Bei weiteren Ausführungsbeispielen sind die Buchsen und, falls vorhanden die Konterbuchsen, fest miteinander und fest mit einer Spindelmutter verbunden. Bei solchen Ausführungsbeispielen sind typischerweise die Kontaktelemente relativ zum Gehäuse fest angeordnet, so dass die Buchsen und gegebenenfalls die Konterbuchsen relativ zu dem Gehäuse und den Kontaktelementen bewegt werden.In further embodiments, the sockets and, if present, the counter-sockets, are firmly connected to each other and fixed to a spindle nut. Typically, in such embodiments, the contact elements are fixed relative to the housing so that the sockets and, optionally, the counter sockets are moved relative to the housing and the contact elements.

Der Schalter der Fig. 2 umfasst wie weitere typische Ausführungsformen ein wasserdichtes Gehäuse 41. In dem Gehäuse 41 ist eine Kabeldurchführung 42 angeordnet, über welches Steuerleitungen und Energieversorgungsleitungen sowie Kabel (in Fig. 1: Bezugszeichen 35, 36 und 37) der Buchsen 23, der Konterbuchsen 25 und der Kontaktelemente 3 geführt werden. Auf diese Weise ist ein Betrieb des Schalters auch unter Wasser oder bei widrigen Umweltbedingungen möglich.The switch of Fig. 2 Like other typical embodiments, it comprises a watertight housing 41. A cable bushing 42 is arranged in the housing 41, via which control lines and power supply lines as well as cables (in Fig. 1 Reference numerals 35, 36 and 37) of the sockets 23, the counter-sockets 25 and the contact elements 3 are guided. In this way, operation of the switch is also possible under water or in adverse environmental conditions.

In der Fig. 3 ist eine redundante Energieversorgung eines Aktuators 10 von Ausführungsbeispielen der Erfindung gezeigt. Der Aktuator ist über einen Zuleitungsschalter 50 mit zwei redundanten Kontrolleinrichtungen 52 verbunden, welche jeweils über eigene Energiequellen 54 verfügen. Die Kontrolleinrichtungen 52 legen fest, ob und gegebenenfalls zu welchem Zeitpunkt umgeschaltet wird. Hierzu sind die Kontrolleinrichtungen 52 mit den Steuereinrichtungen 30 verbunden. Weiterhin legen die Kontrolleinrichtungen eine Sollposition fest, überwachen und steuern und geben Rückmeldung an ein gegebenenfalls übergeordnetes System. Die Steuereinrichtungen 30 umfassen die Steuer- und Regelelektroniken für die elektrischen Maschinen 12 der Aktuatoren 10.In the Fig. 3 a redundant power supply of an actuator 10 of embodiments of the invention is shown. The actuator is connected via a supply switch 50 with two redundant control devices 52, which each have their own energy sources 54. The control devices 52 determine whether and, if appropriate, at what time is switched. For this purpose, the control devices 52 are connected to the control devices 30. Furthermore, the control devices determine a setpoint position, monitor and control and give feedback to an optional higher-level system. The control devices 30 comprise the control and regulating electronics for the electrical machines 12 of the actuators 10.

In einem weiteren Ausführungsbeispiel weist der Schalter drei Kontaktpositionen auf: Neben den zwei mit dem vorherigen Ausführungsbeispiel beschriebenen Endposition kann der Schalter eine dritte Position, welche zwischen den zwei Endpositionen angeordnet ist, einnehmen. In dieser dritten Position, die auch als Zwischenstellung bezeichnet werden kann, schließt der Schalter durch ein zwangsgeführtes Steckerelement oder einen Nockenschalter einen weiteren Kontakt. Dieser weitere Kontakt der dritten Kontaktposition wird typischerweise orthogonal zur Bewegungsrichtung der Spindelmutter oder zu einem mit der Spindelmutter verbundenen Führungswagen geschlossen.In a further embodiment, the switch has three contact positions: In addition to the two end positions described with the previous embodiment, the switch can assume a third position, which is arranged between the two end positions. In this third position, which can also be referred to as intermediate position, the switch closes by a positively driven plug element or a cam switch another contact. This further contact the third contact position is typically closed orthogonal to the direction of movement of the spindle nut or to a connected to the spindle nut guide carriage.

In der Fig. 4 ist in einer Prinzipskizze gezeigt, wie in der Buchse 23 oder in der Konterbuchse 25 die Stifte 5 jeweils von elektrisch leitenden Federelementen 60 kontaktiert werden, welche die jeweiligen Stifte 5 verspannen und in Position halten.In the Fig. 4 is shown in a schematic diagram, as in the socket 23 or in the counter-jack 25, the pins 5 are each contacted by electrically conductive spring elements 60, which clamp the respective pins 5 and hold in position.

Claims (8)

  1. Subsea switch (1), which is configured for being arranged in a maritime depth of more than 30 meters, having
    - a housing with sealed feedthroughs;
    - a plurality of contact elements (3) which are fixedly connected to one another;
    - a plurality of connectors (23) which are fixedly connected to one another, wherein each one of the connectors (23) is adapted for receiving one of the contact elements (3);
    - an actuator (10) which is adapted for moving the contact elements (3) in a forcibly guided manner in relation to the connectors (23);
    - wherein the actuator (10) is implemented so as to be redundant and
    - wherein the actuator (10) is an electromotive actuator (10) and comprises at least two electrical machines.
  2. Subsea switch (1) according to claim 1, wherein either the contact elements (3) or the connectors (23) are exclusively movable by the actuator (10), respectively.
  3. Subsea switch (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the subsea switch (1) is without a return spring.
  4. Subsea switch (1) according to one of the preceding claims, having a plurality of counter-connectors (25) which are fixedly connected to one another, wherein each of the counter-connectors (25) is adapted for receiving one of the contact elements (3), and in each case one counter-connector (25) in a moving direction of the contact element (3) lies opposite one connector (23).
  5. Subsea switch (1) according to claim 4, wherein the counter-connectors (25) are fixedly connected to the connectors (23).
  6. Subsea switch (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein at least part of the connectors (23) and/or of the counter-connectors (25) in each case comprise an electrically conducting spring element (60), wherein, in the case of a contact element being received in the respective connector, the spring element is adapted for contacting and tensioning the respective contact element.
  7. Subsea switch (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein each of the contact elements comprise one pin (5), wherein the connectors (23) and/or the counter-connectors (25) are adapted so that in the case of the pin (5) of the contact element (3) being received in a connector (23) or in a counter-connector (25), at least a section of the pin (5) is completely enclosed.
  8. Use of a subsea switch (1) according to one of the preceding claims, for switching an electric circuit in a maritime depth of at least 30 meters.
EP15163554.7A 2014-04-14 2015-04-14 Switch Active EP2933810B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102014105305.2A DE102014105305A1 (en) 2014-04-14 2014-04-14 switch

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EP2933810A1 EP2933810A1 (en) 2015-10-21
EP2933810B1 true EP2933810B1 (en) 2017-10-04

Family

ID=52997232

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP15163554.7A Active EP2933810B1 (en) 2014-04-14 2015-04-14 Switch

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US (1) US20150294810A1 (en)
EP (1) EP2933810B1 (en)
DE (1) DE102014105305A1 (en)
NO (1) NO3109056T3 (en)

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2244793B2 (en) * 1972-09-13 1980-10-30 Sachsenwerk, Licht- Und Kraft-Ag, 8000 Muenchen Drive for high-voltage switchgear
US3848949A (en) 1972-11-24 1974-11-19 Deep Oil Technology Inc Subsea button-type electrical connector
US4866222A (en) * 1988-04-18 1989-09-12 G&H Technology, Inc. Rotatively power operated electrical switching device
FR2709204B1 (en) * 1993-08-20 1995-09-22 Gec Alsthom Engergie Inc Female contact, especially for high voltage disconnector.
US5416286A (en) * 1993-10-19 1995-05-16 Dixon, Jr.; Alfred R. High amperage, high efficiency electrical slide switch assembly with plug and socket contacts
DE102010054386B3 (en) * 2010-12-06 2012-02-23 Pilz Gmbh. & Co. Kg Safety switching device for fail-safe disconnection of an electrical load

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20150294810A1 (en) 2015-10-15
EP2933810A1 (en) 2015-10-21
DE102014105305A1 (en) 2015-10-15
NO3109056T3 (en) 2018-07-14

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