EP2932733B1 - Système magnétique pour un haut-parleur, dispositif de magnétisation, procédé pour la fabrication d'un système magnétique et d'un haut-parleur - Google Patents

Système magnétique pour un haut-parleur, dispositif de magnétisation, procédé pour la fabrication d'un système magnétique et d'un haut-parleur Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2932733B1
EP2932733B1 EP13708670.8A EP13708670A EP2932733B1 EP 2932733 B1 EP2932733 B1 EP 2932733B1 EP 13708670 A EP13708670 A EP 13708670A EP 2932733 B1 EP2932733 B1 EP 2932733B1
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Prior art keywords
magnet
magnetization
permanent magnets
air gap
permanent
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2932733A1 (fr
Inventor
Norman Gerkinsmeyer
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Blaupunkt Technology GmbH
GERKINSMEYER, NORMAN
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Blaupunkt Technology GmbH
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/02—Details
    • H04R9/025—Magnetic circuit
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/06—Loudspeakers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a magnet system for a loudspeaker, a magnetization device for such a magnet system and a method for producing a magnet system.
  • Magnet systems with a predominantly ring-shaped air gap are generally known from the field of electromagnetic / dynamic sound converters, actuators and exciters, but can also be found in other types of electromagnetically driven systems with an air gap, such as motors, generators and drives used in the field of land, water and air, Use.
  • magnet systems are increasingly using particularly powerful permanent magnetic materials, for example from the field of rare earths.
  • super magnets with extremely high magnetic remanence are very expensive.
  • a magnet system of a loudspeaker with at least one permanent magnet unit is known, the permanent magnet unit consisting of an interconnected combination of two permanent magnets and the magnetization of both permanent magnets being designed in opposite directions with respect to the common axis of symmetry. Building magnet systems of this type with permanent magnets that have already been magnetized is complex, since oppositely aligned and therefore mutually repelling magnets have to be brought close together.
  • the inventor has recognized that a magnet system, which is made up of a clever combination of conventional ferrite material and a rare earth magnet, achieves almost the same performance with the same size as a magnet system made purely of a rare earth magnet Magnet system can achieve.
  • this consideration according to the invention applies to the combined use of expensive and particularly powerful permanent magnets with inexpensive conventional permanent magnets of lower power.
  • Magnet systems are conventionally equipped with only one type of magnet.
  • the existing system is then too weak, magnetic material is usually used, mounted, glued or grouped afterwards.
  • the additional magnets can only be used with considerable effort, that is, both the existing magnets and the additionally used magnets are usually already magnetized and have to be mounted or glued with opposing polarity.
  • the overall system usually increases in height (when viewed horizontally, see e.g. Fig. 1 & 3 ), in weight, in costs and is, compared to the multi-magnet according to the invention, much more ineffective.
  • the multi-magnet according to the invention is at a comparable or higher field strength of a ferrite magnet with Y35 material by more than 30% smaller but only marginally more expensive if the inventive type of structure and the technical requirements of the inventive magnetization or device are taken into account.
  • the specific properties of the various magnetic materials can be combined with one another in a very targeted manner.
  • Ferrite magnets have a significantly higher temperature resistance but also require a higher volume than e.g. NdFeB magnets.
  • NdFeB magnets have a much stronger field with a significantly lower mass than ferrite magnets, but they can withstand much less thermal stress.
  • NdFeB the higher mass of the ferrite as a heat sink or cooling mass for the NdFeB magnet used by way of example.
  • the result is an ideal magnet system in the ratio of mass or volume to field strength.
  • volume or mass versus price NdFeB, for example, is now significantly more expensive while ferrite magnets are quite inexpensive and stable in price.
  • AlNiCo and Sm 2 Co which according to the invention can be used instead of NdFeB.
  • Sm 2 Co or AlNiCo it is even possible to produce multimagnets according to the invention which are stable at high temperatures.
  • the mode of action of both types of rings is basically the same.
  • the aim is to prevent the static magnetic field in the air gap of the multi-magnet according to the invention from being irritated or modulated by the alternating field of the voice coil through which alternating voltage flows, since this can lead to considerably audible and measurable distortions when used in loudspeakers.
  • the alternating field of the voice coil induces a current in the rings and this reduces the inductance of the voice coil.
  • the associated increase in impedance towards higher frequencies is almost eliminated and thus the modulation of the magnetic field in the air gap is almost prevented.
  • the multi-magnet system according to the invention thus represents the alternative to existing permanent magnet systems with not just an annular air gap.
  • the two-phase magnetization proved, in which in a first step the multi-magnet system with two ring magnets arranged concentrically on different diameters, separated by an air gap, are initially magnetized in a common direction. The two ring magnets are then magnetized in reverse in such a way that both ring magnets are exposed to the reversed magnetic field, with only one magnet being reversed in polarity.
  • the magnetic field in the area of one magnet can be reduced by shielding a magnet during the second opposing magnetization so that no polarity reversal takes place while the polarity of the other magnet is reversed.
  • the shielding can be done by a conductive material in the air gap, which induces a counteracting ring current in the case of a pulse-like reversal of magnetization, or a counteracting current pulse can be actively generated in the air gap during the reversal of magnetization, which also has an opposite effect.
  • the multi-magnet according to the invention will be explained here using an annular gap magnet for sound transducers as an example.
  • the Figure 1 shows an example of the multi-magnet according to the invention as a ring magnet system, with its outer pole plate 1 sitting on the ferrite magnet 5 and preferably, but not necessarily, having a slightly smaller inner diameter than the ferrite magnet.
  • the air gap 2 now results from the inner diameter of the outer pole plate 1 compared to the outer diameter of the inner pole plate 3, which is located on the NdFeB magnet 4 used, for example, which in turn is located on the so-called T-yoke or yoke with yoke 6, which also has an optional central bore 7, which can serve on the one hand for ventilation and on the other hand for better guidance of the field lines in the air gap 2 of the system.
  • T-yoke or yoke with yoke 6 which also has an optional central bore 7, which can serve on the one hand for ventilation and on the other hand for better guidance of the field lines in the air gap 2 of the system.
  • the outer diameter of the inner pole plate 3 is larger than the diameter of the NdFeB magnet 4 used, for example, and of the so-called T-yoke or yoke with yoke 6 located underneath.
  • the preferably executed phases at the edge of the pole plate 1 or depressions in the central or through-hole serve on the one hand to improve the course of the field lines and on the other hand to prevent the development of noise caused by displaced or flowing through gaseous media, such as air.
  • the Figure 2 shows in plan view the section reference of the multi-magnet according to the invention for the Figures 1 , 3 , 5, 6 , 7th , 9 , 12th , 13th , 16 and 17 for better understanding.
  • the concentric or coaxial arrangement of the two magnets of different coercivity 4 and 5 of the multi-magnet 19 is also illustrated.
  • the Figure 3 shows an example of the magnetizing device according to the invention of the multi-magnet 19 according to the invention Figure 1 which is optionally equipped with, for example, NdFeB in the middle.
  • This device consists of an excitation coil 15 which can magnetize the central area via a yoke 16 and the outer area of the multi-magnet 19 according to the invention via an annular yoke 17 and its excitation coil 18.
  • the magnets of the multi-magnet 19 according to the invention can be magnetized together. It is proposed that the coil 15, via its yoke 16, magnetize the inner area with opposite polarity with greater than 2000 kA / m compared to the outer area, with the ring-shaped yoke 17 and its excitation coil 18 with greater than 800 kA / m.
  • the multi-magnet according to the invention can also be omitted Figure 17 as a pot magnet system, which is equipped with NdFeB and ferrite in the middle, for example.
  • NdFeB NdFeB
  • ferrite in the middle
  • the yoke 16 and the yoke 17 only cover the multi-magnet system 19 according to the invention at the top and bottom and do not completely surround it, it is possible to integrate the magnetization device according to the invention in a belt-like production line.
  • the tape runs through the magnetizing device according to the invention in the area of the multi-magnet system 19 according to the invention, which securely holds it in a form-fitting manner and is also able to magnetize normal magnet systems, since the coils 15 and 18 can also be operated separately and independently of one another.
  • FIG 4 shows the magnetizing device according to the invention in plan view.
  • the same reference numerals are used here as in Figure 3 used.
  • the Figure 5 shows the magnet system 19 from FIG Figure 1 in a magnetizing coil 20.
  • the entire magnet system 19 with the two magnets 4 and 5 arranged concentrically on different diameters is magnetized in a common NS direction.
  • the higher-coercivity magnet 4 is fully magnetized by an axial field arrangement, the lower-coercivity magnet 5 is partially or fully magnetized in the same direction.
  • the direction of magnetization of the magnetization device and the magnets is described by the designations N and S.
  • the axial field can also be achieved by a yoke similar to the Figure 3 , or by the central or stray field of an axial field coil Figure 8 will be realized.
  • the magnetizing coil can also have a return path.
  • the Figure 6 describes the second step of magnetization, the magnet 5 being magnetized in the opposite direction.
  • the magnetizing coil 20 is opposite to the Figure 5 operated in inverted field direction.
  • the magnet 4, which has already been magnetized, must not, however, be remagnetized.
  • this can be done by using a correspondingly high-coercivity magnetic material for the magnet 4. So that this has such a higher resistance to magnetization reversal than the magnet 5. In this case, a field is applied which, although it reverses magnetization of the magnet 5, does not change the magnetization of the magnet 4 due to its higher coercivity.
  • a shield 31 made of a material with good electrical conductivity (for example copper) can be dipped into the air gap of the magnet system between the magnets 4 and 5.
  • This shield 31 can be designed as a cap, but at least as a ring.
  • the short-term energization of the coil 20 generates eddy currents in the ring, which displace the inverse field for the magnet 4 and strengthen the field for reversing the magnetization of the magnet 5. In this way, the direction of magnetization of the magnet 5 is inverted, while the magnetization of the magnet 4 is retained.
  • the magnetization of the magnets 4 and 5 runs in opposite directions after the second step.
  • FIG. 7 and 8 Another variant of the second step of the magnetization according to the invention is shown in Figures 7 and 8 shown.
  • an actively energized ring 31 split in the axial direction with the gap 32 is inserted into the air gap between the magnets 4 and 5 and when the external inverted magnetic field is switched on the magnetizing coil 20 is charged with current in such a way that a magnetic field counteracting the external magnetic field of the magnetizing device is created.
  • This internal magnetic field then brings about a reduction in the field strength of the external magnetic field and prevents the magnet 4 from being reversed, while it promotes the magnet 5 being reversed.
  • the Figure 7 shows the magnetizing coil 20 with the multi-magnet arranged therein in an axial section, while the Figure 8 the section AA through the coil 20 shows.
  • the current pulse through the ring must be synchronized with the current through the outer coil.
  • FIG Figure 9 The multi-magnet 19 is shown again in section, the magnetic field directions and the magnetic field lines also being shown. It can be seen that the external magnetic field in the magnet 4 is weakened and the external magnetic field in the magnet 5 is strengthened by the inserted ring 31 and the ring current generated there. Correspondingly, the magnet 5 is oriented the other way round, while the magnet 4 retains its direction of magnetization initially imposed in the first step.
  • the magnetization M is plotted in relation to an external magnetization field strength H in the form of a hysteresis loop.
  • the magnet 4 can correspond to the unbroken course, where the magnetization remains in the magnet 4 up to a field strength H greater than H4, while after that a permanent weakening up to the reversal of the magnetization begins.
  • the course of the magnetization M for a material of the magnet 5 is shown in dotted lines. In this way, basically two magnets with different coercivity polarized side by side with the same acting magnetic fields.
  • the selection of the magnetic materials is expanded with regard to the ratio Hs5 to H4, in that the magnet 4 that does not have to be reversed is additionally shielded - passively or actively - from the magnetizing magnetic field.
  • FIG. 3 shows steps I and II of magnetization by a magnetization device according to FIG Figures 5 and 6 with passive shielding.
  • step I the two magnets 4 and 5 are exposed to approximately the same field strength curve HI and mounted next to one another magnetized in the same NS direction.
  • a shielding ring or a shielding cap is then placed in the air gap between the magnets 4 and 5 between the first step I and the second step II of the magnetization according to the invention.
  • Step II now follows, in which an oppositely directed magnetic field with the curve HIIa is generated in the magnetizing coil. This field also acts on the unprotected magnet 5 and completely reverses its polarity, since it is greater than its saturation field strength Hs5.
  • the magnet 4 lying within the shield is only acted upon by a field strength curve according to HIIb, since the ring current generated in the shield counteracts the external magnetic field in the form of HIIc.
  • the field strength curve of the magnetic field HIIb HIIa-HIIc generated in this way remains below the limit of H4.
  • the magnet 4 is not weakened and, in the already assembled state, both magnets receive their oppositely directed, fully saturated magnetization.
  • the Figure 12 shows the inventive steps I and II of the magnetization by a magnetization device according to FIG Figures 5 and 7th or 8 with active shielding.
  • step I the two magnets 4 and 5 are exposed to approximately the same field strength curve HI and mounted next to one another magnetized in the same NS direction.
  • an actively energizable ring is placed in the air gap between the magnets 4 and 5, as in FIG Figures 7 and 8 is shown.
  • Step II now follows, in which an oppositely directed magnetic field with the course HIIa is generated in the magnetization device. This field acts on the unprotected magnet 5 and, since it is greater than Hs5, reverses it completely.
  • FIG. 13 shows the multi-magnet according to the invention in the version with two short-circuit rings 22 - above and in the outer edge of the inner pole plate 3 - and 23 - below the outer pole plate 1 -.
  • the short-circuit rings 22 and 23 are preferably made of aluminum, copper or brass. However, it is also possible for the short-circuit ring 22 to be located above the outer pole plate 1 and thus to have the same or similar inner and outer diameter as the short-circuit ring 23.
  • the Figure 14 shows the multi-magnet according to the invention in the version with the so-called copper cap 24 which can optionally be made of aluminum, copper or brass.
  • the copper cap encloses the yoke of the yoke 6 or T-yoke, with the optionally used NdFeB magnet 4 and its inner pole plate 3.
  • the copper cap also preferably has a hole corresponding to the through hole 7 with phases.
  • the copper cap 24 it is also conceivable to design the copper cap 24 as a ring which merely encloses the inner pole plate 3 or covers it slightly over the height downwards and upwards.
  • the Figure 15 shows the possible size savings of the multi-magnet system according to the invention compared to a conventional ferrite magnet system.
  • the reference number 13 denotes a magnet system equipped exclusively with ferrite magnets, while the reference number 14 (hatched area) represents the same magnet system, but with the combination according to the invention of different types of magnets in cross section.
  • the Figure 16 shows a standard ferrite magnet with its field strength curve measured over the thickness in the annular air gap 30.
  • the Figure 17 shows an optimized multi-magnet according to the invention already reduced by a quarter in height or thickness Figure 1 , for example with an NdFeB magnet 4 and a thinner ferrite magnet 5, with an inner pole plate 3 and an outer pole plate 1 and its field strength curve, measured over the thickness in the annular air gap 2. You can see a significantly higher and, above all, more linear course than the curve in Figure 16 .
  • the Figure 18 shows a highly optimized multi-magnet according to the invention Figure 1 , for example with an even thinner NdFeB magnet 4 and ferrite magnet 5, with inner pole plate 3 and outer pole plate 1 and its field strength curve, measured over the thickness in the annular air gap 2.
  • the goal here was about the same strong field as in Figure 8 to create. You can see that the course is still much more linear and slightly higher than with the standard magnet in Figure 8 . This is achieved even though only half the volume and mass of magnetic material is used.
  • a permanent magnet unit consisting of an interconnected combination of at least one first permanent magnet with a first magnetic remanence and a second permanent magnet with a second magnetic remanence, the second being magnetic Remanence is significantly greater, preferably at least twice as great as the first magnetic remanence, is in the subsequent ones Figures 19-22 another variant of a magnet system according to the invention is shown.
  • the Figure 19 shows an example of the multimagnet according to the invention as a pot magnet system, with the pot-like yoke 12.
  • the air gap 9 now results from the inner diameter of the pot-like yoke 12 compared to the outer diameter of the pole plate 10, which is on the NdFeB magnet 11 used, for example, which is in turn on the Ferrite magnet 29 is located, which also has an optional central bore 8, which on the one hand can be used for ventilation and on the other hand for better guidance of the field lines in the air gap 9 of the system.
  • the outer diameter of the pole plate 10 is larger than the diameter of the NdFeB magnet 11, for example used, and of the ferrite magnet 29 located underneath.
  • the preferably executed phases at the edges of the pot-like yoke 12 or depressions in the central or through-hole serve, on the one hand, to improve the course of the field lines and, on the other hand, to prevent the development of noise by displacing or flowing through gaseous media, such as air.
  • the pole plate 10 would be correspondingly higher or, under certain conditions, could be omitted entirely.
  • the Figure 20 shows a magnetizing device as it is already in the Figures 5 to 8 was shown, in an embodiment as a stray field magnetizing coil 20, with which the inventive magnet system according to FIG Figure 19 can be magnetized, which is optionally equipped with, for example, NdFeB and ferrite in the middle, and is designed as a pot magnet system.
  • a stray field greater than 2000 kA / m should be used for magnetization.
  • the Figure 21 shows a multi-magnet according to the invention as a pot magnet in the embodiment with two short-circuit rings 25 - above and in the outer edge of the pole plate 10 - and 26 - below the NdFeB magnet 11 used as an example.
  • the short-circuit rings 25 and 26 are preferably made of aluminum, copper or brass. However, it is also possible that the short-circuit ring 25 can be located above or on the edge of the pot or short circuit 12.
  • the Figure 22 shows the multi-magnet according to the invention as a pot magnet system in the version with the so-called copper cap 27 which can optionally be made of aluminum, copper or brass. In this example, it encloses the ferrite magnet 29, the optionally used NdFeB magnet 11 and its pole plate 10. In this case, the copper cap also preferably has a hole corresponding to the through hole 8 with phases. It is also possible here to design the copper cap 27 as a ring which merely encloses the pole plate 10 or covers it slightly over the height upwards and downwards.
  • the invention proposes a magnet system with at least one permanent magnet unit, in particular for use in a loudspeaker, the permanent magnet unit consisting of an interconnected combination of at least one first permanent magnet with a first magnetic remanence and a second There is permanent magnet with a second magnetic remanence and the second magnetic remanence is substantially greater, preferably at least twice as large as the first magnetic remanence.
  • the invention also relates to a magnetization device for such a magnet system, which can build up two parallel and oppositely aligned magnetic fields with the help of two yoke systems that can be operated simultaneously by separate coils, the first magnetic field concentrically enclosing the second magnetic field like a thick cylinder jacket.
  • the invention also relates to a method for producing and magnetizing the above-mentioned magnet system with the above-mentioned magnetizing device and a loudspeaker with a magnet system according to the invention.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Manufacturing Cores, Coils, And Magnets (AREA)
  • Hard Magnetic Materials (AREA)

Claims (12)

  1. Système magnétique d'un haut-parleur doté d'au moins une unité à aimant permanent,
    l'unité à aimant permanent étant composée d'une combinaison de deux aimants permanents reliés ensemble, et la magnétisation des deux aimants permanents étant réalisée en contresens par rapport à l'axe de symétrie commun,
    caractérisé en ce que
    l'unité à aimant permanent est composée d'un premier aimant permanent (5) d'un premier matériau ayant une première rémanence magnétique et d'un deuxième aimant permanent (4) d'un deuxième matériau ayant une deuxième rémanence magnétique, dans lequel :
    - la deuxième rémanence magnétique est supérieure à la première rémanence magnétique.
  2. Système magnétique d'un haut-parleur selon la revendication précédente 1, caractérisé en ce qu'il présente au moins :
    2.1. le premier aimant permanent (5) ayant la première rémanence magnétique et une première joue magnétique (1) reliée à celui-ci,
    2.2. le deuxième aimant permanent (4) ayant la deuxième rémanence magnétique et une deuxième joue magnétique (3) reliée à celui-ci,
    2.3. un retour (6) entre le premier aimant permanent (5) et le deuxième aimant permanent (4),
    2.4. et un entrefer (2) pour réaliser un flux magnétique élevé entre la première joue magnétique (1) et la deuxième joue magnétique (3).
  3. Système magnétique d'un haut-parleur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes 1 et 2, caractérisé en ce que la deuxième rémanence magnétique est au moins deux fois supérieure à la première rémanence magnétique.
  4. Dispositif de magnétisation pour un système magnétique d'un haut-parleur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes 1 à 3, présentant :
    4.1. une première bobine magnétique (15) dotée d'une première culasse (16) qui pénètre dans la première bobine magnétique (15) avec une branche et présente une deuxième branche ouverte dotée de deux extrémités qui forment un premier entrefer,
    4.2. une deuxième bobine magnétique (18) dotée d'une deuxième culasse (17) qui pénètre dans la deuxième bobine magnétique (18) avec une branche et réalise un entrefer annulaire par deux extrémités réalisées en forme d'anneau en parallèle l'une à l'autre,
    4.3. les extrémités réalisées en forme d'anneau de la deuxième culasse (17) présentant respectivement une ouverture coaxiale dans laquelle viennent en prise les extrémités de la première culasse (16) de sorte qu'un entrefer commun est créé dans lequel on peut insérer un système magnétique à magnétiser en sens opposé.
  5. Procédé de fabrication d'un système magnétique d'un haut-parleur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes 1 à 3 utilisant un dispositif de magnétisation selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que les étapes de fabrication suivantes sont exécutées :
    5.1. l'assemblage d'un système magnétique à partir d'un premier et d'un deuxième aimant permanent (5, 4) non prémagnétisés, respectivement à symétrie de révolution,
    5.2. l'insertion du système magnétique dans le dispositif de magnétisation,
    5.3. la magnétisation axiale simultanée des aimants permanents (5, 4), et
    5.4. l'extraction du système magnétique doté d'aimants permanents (5, 4) magnétisés axialement en sens opposé.
  6. Procédé selon la revendication 5, dans lequel, sur le dispositif de magnétisation, les aimants permanents (5, 4) sont disposés par rapport à leur axe de symétrie coaxialement l'un par rapport à l'autre sur différents diamètres et en étant séparés l'un de l'autre par un entrefer (2),
    caractérisé en ce que
    6.1. le dispositif de magnétisation peut générer en même temps pour chaque aimant permanent (5, 4) respectivement un champ magnétique, les deux champs magnétiques étant orientés axialement en sens opposé, et
    6.2. les aimants permanents (5, 4) sont magnétisés en même temps axialement en sens opposé par une brève mise sous tension du dispositif de magnétisation.
  7. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes 5 et 6, dans lequel le dispositif de magnétisation génère à l'intérieur un champ magnétique orienté axialement dans la même direction de base (= dans le même sens), et les aimants permanents (5, 4) sont par rapport à leur axe de symétrie disposés coaxialement l'un par rapport à l'autre sur différents diamètres et en étant séparés l'un de l'autre par un entrefer (2),
    caractérisé en ce que
    7.1. la magnétisation simultanée des deux aimants permanents (4, 5) est effectuée dans une première orientation axiale, et
    7.2. une sollicitation simultanée des deux aimants permanents (4, 5) est effectuée par un champ magnétique en sens opposé dans la direction axiale ayant une intensité de champ qui ne démagnétise pas le premier aimant (4) mais démagnétise le deuxième aimant (5) à l'opposé à sa première magnétisation.
  8. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes 5 et 6, dans lequel le dispositif de magnétisation génère à l'intérieur un champ magnétique orienté axialement dans la même direction de base (= dans le même sens), et les aimants permanents (5, 4) sont par rapport à leur axe de symétrie disposés coaxialement l'un à l'autre sur différents diamètres et en étant séparés l'un de l'autre par un entrefer (2),
    caractérisé en ce que
    8.1. la magnétisation simultanée des deux aimants permanents (4, 5) est effectuée dans une première orientation axiale,
    8.2. un blindage du premier aimant (4) est effectué par la mise en œuvre d'un blindage électriquement conducteur (24) au moins dans l'entrefer (9), et
    8.3. une sollicitation simultanée des deux aimants permanents (4, 5) est effectuée par un champ magnétique en sens opposé dans la direction axiale, ayant une intensité de champ variable dans le temps, par une brève mise sous tension d'une bobine magnétique du dispositif de magnétisation, l'intensité de champ magnétique dans le deuxième aimant (5) non blindé étant inférieure à celle dans le premier aimant (4).
  9. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes 5 à 8, caractérisé en ce qu'après la première magnétisation et avant la deuxième magnétisation, le premier aimant (4) est blindé par l'insertion d'un anneau électriquement conducteur (24) dans l'entrefer (9) ou d'un capuchon électriquement conducteur qui entre au moins en partie dans l'entrefer (9).
  10. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes 5 à 8, caractérisé en ce qu'après la première magnétisation et avant la deuxième magnétisation du premier aimant (4), un anneau électriquement conducteur (24), fendu dans la direction axiale, est inséré dans l'entrefer (9), et le champ magnétique externe est atténué par l'arrivée d'une pointe de surtension pendant la deuxième magnétisation.
  11. Procédé selon la revendication 5, dans lequel le dispositif de magnétisation génère à l'intérieur un champ magnétique orienté axialement dans la même direction de base (= dans le même sens), et le premier aimant permanent (5) présente une intensité de champ de saturation (Hs5) qui est inférieure à l'intensité de champ maximale (H4) à partir de laquelle des pertes irréversibles de la magnétisation du deuxième aimant permanent (4) surviennent,
    caractérisé en ce que
    11.1.la magnétisation simultanée des deux aimants permanents (4, 5) est effectuée dans une première orientation axiale avec une intensité de champ qui est supérieure à l'intensité de champ de saturation (Hs4) du deuxième aimant permanent (4), et
    11.2.la sollicitation simultanée des deux aimants permanents (4, 5) est effectuée par un champ magnétique en sens opposé dans la direction axiale avec une intensité de champ qui est inférieure à l'intensité de champ de saturation (Hs5) et inférieure à l'intensité de champ maximale (H4) à partir de laquelle des pertes irréversibles de la magnétisation du deuxième aimant permanent (4) surviennent.
  12. Procédé selon la revendication 5, dans lequel le dispositif de magnétisation présente un retour (12) réalisé avec une section transversale en forme de L, les aimants permanents (29, 11) étant disposés coaxialement et l'un au-dessus de l'autre et reliés directement l'un à l'autre, et un entrefer (9) étant formé entre le retour (12) et l'aimant permanent (29, 11),
    caractérisé en ce que
    12.1.le dispositif de magnétisation peut générer respectivement un champ magnétique en même temps pour les aimants permanents (29, 11) d'une part et le retour (12) d'autre part, les deux champs magnétiques étant orientés axialement en sens opposé, et un champ magnétique agissant sur les aimants permanents (29, 11), et un champ magnétique agissant sur une branche du retour (12) .
EP13708670.8A 2012-12-12 2013-02-15 Système magnétique pour un haut-parleur, dispositif de magnétisation, procédé pour la fabrication d'un système magnétique et d'un haut-parleur Active EP2932733B1 (fr)

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WO2019134162A1 (fr) 2018-01-08 2019-07-11 深圳市韶音科技有限公司 Haut-parleur à conduction osseuse
CN110809223B (zh) * 2018-08-06 2021-08-27 惠州迪芬尼声学科技股份有限公司 一种短路环及扬声器
CN208821073U (zh) * 2018-10-15 2019-05-03 苏州上声电子股份有限公司 一种扬声器磁路***及扬声器
DE102020001041A1 (de) * 2020-02-18 2021-08-19 Norman Gerkinmseyer integrierter Wandler

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