EP2899116A2 - Procédé et dispositif de réservoir pour la reliquéfaction et le refroidissement de gaz naturel liquide dans des systèmes de réservoir - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif de réservoir pour la reliquéfaction et le refroidissement de gaz naturel liquide dans des systèmes de réservoir Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2899116A2
EP2899116A2 EP14188595.4A EP14188595A EP2899116A2 EP 2899116 A2 EP2899116 A2 EP 2899116A2 EP 14188595 A EP14188595 A EP 14188595A EP 2899116 A2 EP2899116 A2 EP 2899116A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tank
natural gas
heat exchanger
liquefied natural
pipe
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP14188595.4A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2899116A3 (fr
Inventor
Johannes Beuse
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Meyer Werft & Co KG GmbH
Original Assignee
Meyer Werft & Co KG GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Meyer Werft & Co KG GmbH filed Critical Meyer Werft & Co KG GmbH
Publication of EP2899116A2 publication Critical patent/EP2899116A2/fr
Publication of EP2899116A3 publication Critical patent/EP2899116A3/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63J—AUXILIARIES ON VESSELS
    • B63J2/00—Arrangements of ventilation, heating, cooling, or air-conditioning
    • B63J2/12—Heating; Cooling
    • B63J2/14—Heating; Cooling of liquid-freight-carrying tanks
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F17C13/08—Mounting arrangements for vessels
    • F17C13/082—Mounting arrangements for vessels for large sea-borne storage vessels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/0002—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the fluid to be liquefied
    • F25J1/0022—Hydrocarbons, e.g. natural gas
    • F25J1/0025—Boil-off gases "BOG" from storages
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0221—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using the cold stored in an external cryogenic component in an open refrigeration loop
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
    • F25J1/0257—Construction and layout of liquefaction equipments, e.g. valves, machines
    • F25J1/0275—Construction and layout of liquefaction equipments, e.g. valves, machines adapted for special use of the liquefaction unit, e.g. portable or transportable devices
    • F25J1/0277—Offshore use, e.g. during shipping
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/03—Mixtures
    • F17C2221/032—Hydrocarbons
    • F17C2221/033—Methane, e.g. natural gas, CNG, LNG, GNL, GNC, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F17C2223/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2223/033—Small pressure, e.g. for liquefied gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/04—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by other properties of handled fluid before transfer
    • F17C2223/042—Localisation of the removal point
    • F17C2223/046—Localisation of the removal point in the liquid
    • F17C2223/047—Localisation of the removal point in the liquid with a dip tube
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2225/04—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by other properties of handled fluid after transfer
    • F17C2225/042—Localisation of the filling point
    • F17C2225/043—Localisation of the filling point in the gas
    • F17C2225/044—Localisation of the filling point in the gas at several points, e.g. with a device for recondensing gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/01—Propulsion of the fluid
    • F17C2227/0128—Propulsion of the fluid with pumps or compressors
    • F17C2227/0135—Pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/0337—Heat exchange with the fluid by cooling
    • F17C2227/0341—Heat exchange with the fluid by cooling using another fluid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/0367—Localisation of heat exchange
    • F17C2227/0388—Localisation of heat exchange separate
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/04—Indicating or measuring of parameters as input values
    • F17C2250/0404—Parameters indicated or measured
    • F17C2250/0408—Level of content in the vessel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/04—Indicating or measuring of parameters as input values
    • F17C2250/0404—Parameters indicated or measured
    • F17C2250/043—Pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/04—Indicating or measuring of parameters as input values
    • F17C2250/0404—Parameters indicated or measured
    • F17C2250/0439—Temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
    • F17C2260/03—Dealing with losses
    • F17C2260/031—Dealing with losses due to heat transfer
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
    • F17C2270/0102—Applications for fluid transport or storage on or in the water
    • F17C2270/0105—Ships
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2210/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the feed stream
    • F25J2210/42—Nitrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2230/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure of gaseous process streams
    • F25J2230/08—Cold compressor, i.e. suction of the gas at cryogenic temperature and generally without afterstage-cooler
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2230/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure of gaseous process streams
    • F25J2230/30—Compression of the feed stream
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2235/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure or for conveying of liquid process streams
    • F25J2235/60—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure or for conveying of liquid process streams the fluid being (a mixture of) hydrocarbons
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2290/00—Other details not covered by groups F25J2200/00 - F25J2280/00
    • F25J2290/34—Details about subcooling of liquids

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method having the features of the preamble of claim 1. Furthermore, the invention relates to a tank device having the features of the preamble of claim 10.
  • LNG evaporation (BOG) is generated by the incidence of heat.
  • LNG liquefied natural gas
  • BOG LNG evaporation
  • the LNG evaporation which usually occurs is returned to the tank, for example via a re-liquefaction with complex processes and plants, used for energy generation or subjected to combustion in boiler plants.
  • LNG evaporation must not be discharged untreated into the environment.
  • the object of the invention is to develop a method in order to design the re-liquefaction process of the customarily occurring LNG evaporation so that investment costs for temporarily used equipment and installations or the like are avoided or reduced, a profitability of the method allows and in addition the consumption of auxiliary energy can be lowered.
  • the particular object is to develop a method for ships, bunker barges or the like, which allows an economically justifiable use and meets the usual requirements to be considered. It is also the task of avoiding continuous cooling of the liquid natural gas, as has hitherto been carried out.
  • the tank liquefied natural gas is taken from the liquefied natural gas is passed into a heat exchanger, that the liquid nitrogen is supplied to the heat exchanger and that the liquefied natural gas cooled in the heat exchanger is returned to the tank.
  • the liquefied natural gas is conducted by means of liquid nitrogen, which is in a heat exchanger, which is to be interpreted for the respective system.
  • liquid nitrogen By means of liquid nitrogen, the initially warm liquefied natural gas is strongly supercooled and injected under temperature control via the spray bar into the gas phase of the tank. Due to the supercooled liquefied natural gas, the gas phase condenses in the gas space of the tank and thus also cools the liquid located therein.
  • Hot liquefied natural gas is understood here as meaning that the vapor pressure or temperature is above the desired set point.
  • the liquefied natural gas also referred to as LNG
  • the state of the liquefied natural gas is on the boiling line.
  • On the boiling line pressure and temperature are firmly connected.
  • Each vapor pressure has a specific temperature. The condition is often called the state of equilibrium.
  • the insulation is usually not complete.
  • heat input creates a heating or evaporation of the liquid natural gas.
  • the resulting gas is also known as "boil-off gas" (BOG).
  • the liquefied natural gas is preferably taken from the tank via an internal pump present in the tank.
  • the apparatuses already provided for the removal of the liquefied natural gas, here in particular the pump, can thus be used to carry out the method according to the invention.
  • the liquid nitrogen used in the process according to the invention is brought in a transportable container in the region of the tank and connected to the heat exchanger.
  • Others too Types of supply, for example, the filling of a stationary tank are conceivable.
  • the use of liquid nitrogen transportable tanks is preferred.
  • the nitrogen vaporized in the heat exchanger is preferably removed via a valve.
  • Liquid nitrogen is fed to the heat exchanger as a colder medium. While the LNG is cooling in the heat exchanger, the liquid nitrogen is heated and evaporated. The resulting gas is then removed via the valve.
  • the tank is connected via a pipe to the heat exchanger. Through this, the Liquefied natural gas to be cooled flows into the heat exchanger.
  • the LNG is cooled and is returned via a second pipe into the tank.
  • the cooled natural gas is returned via the second pipe into the gas space of the tank.
  • the LNG is present in the lower area.
  • the tank is filled to a certain level with the liquefied natural gas. Above it is the gas space.
  • the cooled natural gas is discharged in this gas space.
  • the cooled liquefied natural gas is introduced into the gas space via a spray bar.
  • the cooled liquefied natural gas is introduced into the gas space with a delivery device, in particular a spray device. There it can be dispensed with a control valve. It is preferably emitted controlled by temperature with the control valve. This results in a particularly effective condensation.
  • the liquid begins to boil to balance the equilibrium between vapor pressure and temperature of the liquid phase.
  • the entire tank contents are thus cooled by removing the heat of vaporization while continuing to condense gas.
  • the gas pressure in the gas space is preferably monitored via a pressure sensor. As a result, the vapor pressure or the temperature in the tank can be set exactly.
  • the cooled liquefied natural gas is discharged via a tube coil arranged in the tank.
  • the tube coil is arranged inside the liquid, that is to say in the liquefied natural gas below the gas space.
  • the temperatures equalize as they pass through the coil, before mixing the cooled liquefied natural gas and tank contents at the pipe end of the coil.
  • the pipe end is the highest point of the pipe coil.
  • the liquefied natural gas is taken from the tank in gaseous form from a gas space of the tank.
  • the gas also referred to as boil-off gas (BOG)
  • BOG boil-off gas
  • the liquefied natural gas is further cooled and returned to the tank.
  • the condensed liquefied natural gas can either be discharged into the headspace or be introduced via a coil directly into the liquefied natural gas.
  • Another advantage of this method according to the invention is that it is a closed gas cycle, whereby unwanted gas leaks are almost impossible and the vaporized nitrogen can be safely discharged through the valve to the environment, whereby the unwanted release of natural gas is prevented.
  • the method of the invention allows a modular design that allows the use of transportable nitrogen containers, which can be ordered and used only when needed.
  • a tank device for the re-liquefaction and cooling of liquefied natural gas for watercraft, floats and the like with at least one tank and one or more refueling systems for refueling gas-powered ships is essential to the invention that the tank is associated with an external heat exchanger that the tank with a pipe and a second pipe is connected to the heat exchanger and that the heat exchanger is detachably connectable to a container for liquid nitrogen.
  • the external heat exchanger is detachably connectable to a container for liquid nitrogen.
  • the heat exchanger is connected to such a container.
  • These containers are preferably interchangeable so that liquid nitrogen can always be supplied if required.
  • the liquefied natural gas is cooled by means of the liquid nitrogen and then returned to the tank.
  • the tank has a gas space and in the gas space, a spraying device, in particular a spray bar or spray heads is arranged, which is connected via the pipe to the heat exchanger.
  • the cooled liquefied natural gas is preferably introduced into the tank via the spray bar.
  • another dispenser may be used.
  • a coil is arranged in the tank, which is connected via the pipe to the heat exchanger. This pipeline is arranged below the gas space, within the liquid phase of the liquid natural gas. The coil is so long that a slow temperature equalization and transmission of the cold temperature of the liquid natural gas within the tube to the surrounding LNG is possible.
  • the tube coil has a tube end that terminates below the gas space in the tank so that the tube end terminates in the LNG. In this area, then a mixing of the cooled liquid natural gas with the surrounding LNG in the tank, which is typically slightly warmer.
  • the heat exchanger has a valve for the discharge of vaporized liquid nitrogen.
  • the pipeline which transports the liquefied natural gas from the tank to the heat exchanger is connected to the gas space of the tank so that gaseous liquefied natural gas, so-called boil-off gas, is transported to the heat exchanger.
  • a compressor is preferably arranged.
  • the gas must be withdrawn from the gas space and compressed.
  • Fig. 1 the procedure is presented in its basic features.
  • a tank 7 liquefied natural gas is stored.
  • the method according to the invention can be carried out in a particularly economical manner, the storage in a tank. Especially on ships and bunker barges, it is not readily possible to create optimal isolation conditions on the tank 7, so that the liquefied natural gas heats up a little over time.
  • a particularly economical cooling is achieved by the liquefied natural gas from the tank 7 by means of a pump 8 is fed to a heat exchanger 3.
  • the pump 8 is preferably an internal pump, which is present anyway in the tank 7, for example, to remove liquefied natural gas from the tank.
  • the pump 8 is connected to a pipe 9 to the heat exchanger 3.
  • the cold side or cooling side of the heat exchanger 3 is connected to a liquid nitrogen tank 1 through a liquid nitrogen piping 2.
  • the liquid nitrogen is passed through the heat exchanger 3, thereby cooling the liquefied natural gas and thereby heating itself.
  • the heated and thereby evaporating nitrogen can be discharged via a valve 10.
  • the liquefied natural gas cooled in the heat exchanger 3 is returned to the tank 7 via a pipeline 5.
  • the flow through the pipe 5 is controlled by a control valve 4.
  • no liquefied natural gas is present in the upper part.
  • a spray bar 6 is arranged, which is connected to the pipe 5. Over the spray bar 6, the cooled or supercooled liquefied natural gas is injected into the tank 7.
  • the gas phase in the gas space 11 condenses and thus also cools the liquid underneath.
  • Fig. 2 is the device according to Fig. 1 shown in more detail.
  • the container 1 is connected with a flexible line 12 to a shut-off valve 13.
  • the shut-off valve and all elements lying to the left are preferably permanently mounted on the ship.
  • the container 1 with the liquid nitrogen can, if it is empty, be replaced and then connected to the flexible line 12 to the shut-off valve 13.
  • From the shut-off valve 13, the liquid nitrogen is fed to the pipe 2 to the heat exchanger 3.
  • the pipeline 2 is preferably insulated.
  • the liquid nitrogen is evaporated by removing heat from the liquefied natural gas.
  • the liquefied natural gas is cooled to a temperature below the equilibrium temperature.
  • the gaseous nitrogen is discharged via the valve 10 or a control valve.
  • the temperature of the gaseous nitrogen is monitored by a temperature sensor 15. With a level sensor 16 ensures that sufficient liquid nitrogen in the heat exchanger 3 is present.
  • the cold nitrogen gas is warmed by admixing ambient air and then discharged through the valve 10 and a control valve to the environment.
  • the liquefied natural gas is taken from the tank 7 on board the ship with the pump 8 and fed via the line 9 to the heat exchanger 3. At the entrance of the heat exchanger, the liquefied natural gas is still too warm, ie above the equilibrium temperature in the tank 7. The liquefied natural gas is then cooled in the heat exchanger 3.
  • the temperature of the liquid natural gas is monitored by a temperature sensor 17. With the control valve 4, the volume flow of the liquid natural gas is adjusted.
  • the temperature of the cooled liquefied natural gas is below the equilibrium temperature.
  • the so far supercooled liquefied natural gas is fed via the pipe 5 back into the tank 7, in particular to the spray bar 6.
  • the Spray bar is located in the gas space 11 above the level 14 of the liquid natural gas.
  • a second variant is shown. Identical parts are identified by the same reference numerals.
  • the main difference to the variant in the Fig. 1 and 2 is that here in the tank 7 below the gas space 11, in particular below the level 14, a coil 19 is arranged. This is mounted on the bottom of the tank 7.
  • the coil 19 is connected to the pipe 5.
  • the supercooled liquefied natural gas is passed through the pipe 5 into the pipe coil 19.
  • the temperatures of the liquid phases are equalized while the supercooled liquefied natural gas is passed through the coil 19.
  • At the pipe end 20 of the coil 19 then mix the liquid phases.
  • the pipe end 20 is directed to the central axis of the tank 7 and arranged closely adjacent thereto.
  • the pipe end 20 forms the highest point of the coil 19.
  • Fig. 4 a third variant of the device according to the invention is shown.
  • the same parts are denoted by the same reference numerals as in FIGS Fig. 1 and 2 characterized.
  • the gas can also be withdrawn from the gas space 11 above the level 14.
  • the boil-off gas is supplied to the heat exchanger 3 via the line 9 and cooled, whereby it condenses.
  • the heat exchanger must be made comparatively large in order to condense the gas.
  • a compressor 21 or a blower is provided to withdraw the gas from the gas space 11 and to compress. Furthermore, this also supports the return of the condensed liquid natural gas into the tank 7 via the pipeline.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
  • Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
EP14188595.4A 2014-01-22 2014-10-13 Procédé et dispositif de réservoir pour la reliquéfaction et le refroidissement de gaz naturel liquide dans des systèmes de réservoir Withdrawn EP2899116A3 (fr)

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DE102014000670 2014-01-22

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106595219A (zh) * 2016-11-03 2017-04-26 天道新能源科技有限公司 一种利用液化空气供冷制取lng的***
EP3444520A1 (fr) 2017-08-18 2019-02-20 ArianeGroup GmbH Refroidissement d'une évaporation de gaz liquéfié destiné à l'entraînement des machines, des installations ou des véhicules
CN109906337A (zh) * 2016-09-06 2019-06-18 乔治洛德方法研究和开发液化空气有限公司 用于储存和液化液化气体的设施、方法以及相关的运输工具

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE69523437T2 (de) * 1994-12-09 2002-06-20 Kobe Steel Ltd Anlage und Verfahren zur Gasverflüssigung
DE102010044869A1 (de) * 2010-09-09 2012-03-15 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Erdgasverflüssigung
JP2013087911A (ja) * 2011-10-20 2013-05-13 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd 貯蔵槽の圧力上昇抑制装置、これを備えた圧力上昇抑制システム、この抑制方法、これを備えた液化ガス運搬船およびこれを備えた液化ガス貯蔵設備

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109906337A (zh) * 2016-09-06 2019-06-18 乔治洛德方法研究和开发液化空气有限公司 用于储存和液化液化气体的设施、方法以及相关的运输工具
CN106595219A (zh) * 2016-11-03 2017-04-26 天道新能源科技有限公司 一种利用液化空气供冷制取lng的***
EP3444520A1 (fr) 2017-08-18 2019-02-20 ArianeGroup GmbH Refroidissement d'une évaporation de gaz liquéfié destiné à l'entraînement des machines, des installations ou des véhicules
DE102017118951A1 (de) 2017-08-18 2019-02-21 Arianegroup Gmbh Kühlung einer Abdampfung von Flüssiggas zum Antrieb von Maschinen, Anlagen oder Fahrzeugen
DE102017118951B4 (de) * 2017-08-18 2019-11-14 Arianegroup Gmbh Kühlung einer Abdampfung von Flüssiggas zum Antrieb von Maschinen, Anlagen oder Fahrzeugen
US10850825B2 (en) 2017-08-18 2020-12-01 Arianegroup Gmbh Cooling of a vaporized content of a liquefied gas for the purpose of powering machinery, plants or vehicles

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