EP2895652B1 - Kondensationstrockner mit ermittlung der beladung sowie verfahren zu seinem betrieb - Google Patents

Kondensationstrockner mit ermittlung der beladung sowie verfahren zu seinem betrieb Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2895652B1
EP2895652B1 EP13756512.3A EP13756512A EP2895652B1 EP 2895652 B1 EP2895652 B1 EP 2895652B1 EP 13756512 A EP13756512 A EP 13756512A EP 2895652 B1 EP2895652 B1 EP 2895652B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
heat exchanger
drum
laundry
loading
temperature
Prior art date
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EP13756512.3A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2895652A2 (de
Inventor
Andrea GÄRTLEIN
Anja Hähnel
Marcus Simon
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BSH Hausgeraete GmbH
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BSH Hausgeraete GmbH
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Publication of EP2895652A2 publication Critical patent/EP2895652A2/de
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
    • D06F58/00—Domestic laundry dryers
    • D06F58/32—Control of operations performed in domestic laundry dryers 
    • D06F58/34—Control of operations performed in domestic laundry dryers  characterised by the purpose or target of the control
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
    • D06F2103/00—Parameters monitored or detected for the control of domestic laundry washing machines, washer-dryers or laundry dryers
    • D06F2103/02—Characteristics of laundry or load
    • D06F2103/08—Humidity
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
    • D06F2103/00—Parameters monitored or detected for the control of domestic laundry washing machines, washer-dryers or laundry dryers
    • D06F2103/28—Air properties
    • D06F2103/32—Temperature
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
    • D06F2103/00—Parameters monitored or detected for the control of domestic laundry washing machines, washer-dryers or laundry dryers
    • D06F2103/58—Parameters monitored or detected for the control of domestic laundry washing machines, washer-dryers or laundry dryers related to condensation, e.g. condensate water level
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
    • D06F2105/00—Systems or parameters controlled or affected by the control systems of washing machines, washer-dryers or laundry dryers
    • D06F2105/58—Indications or alarms to the control system or to the user
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
    • D06F58/00—Domestic laundry dryers
    • D06F58/20—General details of domestic laundry dryers 
    • D06F58/24—Condensing arrangements

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a condensation dryer (hereinafter also abbreviated to "dryer”) with a determination of the load with items of laundry (hereinafter also abbreviated to “loading” or “loading quantity”) as well as to a method suitable for operating this dryer.
  • the invention relates to a condensation dryer having a process air channel, a drum for receiving laundry, a heat exchanger for condensing water from moist, warm process air, a control device, at least one temperature sensor and a device for determining the amount of water condensed in the heat exchanger (hereinafter also referred to as " Condensate ").
  • the invention also relates to a method for operating a condensation dryer with a process air duct, a drum with laundry items placed therein, a heat exchanger for condensing water from moist, warm process air, a control device, at least one temperature sensor and a device for determining the amount of water condensed in the heat exchanger.
  • Condensation dryers whose operation is based on the condensation of the moisture vaporized by means of warm process air from laundry items, do not require an exhaust hose and are very popular because they can be used in internal bathrooms or laundry rooms of larger residential complexes.
  • process air the air
  • the initially cool process air is generally passed through a fan initially via a heater.
  • the dry-warm process air enters the drum as a drying chamber, which contains the moist laundry to be dried.
  • the hot process air absorbs the moisture from the laundry.
  • the moist process air is then removed from the drum for dehumidification Heat exchanger passed.
  • an air-to-air heat exchanger or the evaporator of a heat pump is usually used as a heat exchanger.
  • the moist-warm process air is cooled down in it, so that the water contained in it condenses.
  • the condensed water is then usually collected in a suitable receptacle and the cooled and dried air again supplied to the heater and then the drum.
  • the DE 10 2008 025 496 A1 describes a measuring arrangement for determining information about the current loading of a clothes dryer, wherein instead of the ohmic conductance of the evaluated electrical admittance of an electrode assembly is used to obtain information.
  • the DE 10 2008 021 598 A1 describes a clothes drying apparatus and a method of controlling it, wherein a control unit in the clothes drying apparatus is adapted to control the drying operation based on sensor data of a load sensor.
  • the loading weight is detected by means of the loading sensor.
  • the DE 10 2009 001 112 A1 describes a method for monitoring a loading of a laundry drum of a tumble dryer and / or for monitoring a degree of drying of laundry items introduced into the laundry drum, wherein the laundry drum is driven by means of an electric motor. In this case, depending on measured values of the current, the degree of drying of the items of laundry and / or the loading of the drum is concluded.
  • the DE 42 43 594 C2 discloses a method in which a loading amount of laundry is determined based on a temperature change of the process air and a humidity value of the process air. This is the temperature change determined by a temperature sensor arranged in the process air flow at the outlet opening of the drum over a certain period of time. In addition, the humidity of the air discharged from the drum is measured by means of a humidity sensor. Then, a laundry quantity is determined by taking the absolute sum of the temperature change and the humidity value and dividing by two. Based on this amount of laundry, the amount of laundry is determined as a small, large or very large amount of laundry. This method uses the ambient temperature dependent quantity with the humidity value, but the ambient temperature is neglected, resulting in inaccuracies.
  • the DE 10 2006 037 239 A1 describes a method and a tumble dryer for controlling the drying of wet laundry.
  • a drying process is completed taking into account at least one moisture value or a corresponding measured value of the laundry to be dried, wherein additionally determined during drying of the laundry at or after reaching a predetermined moisture value or a corresponding measured value, the respective type of laundry and / or the respective load condition the laundry drum corresponding temperature size is used for targeted termination of drying.
  • the DE 44 11 958 A1 describes a household clothes dryer with an electronic program control device and a rotatably mounted laundry drum and a fan for conveying the passing of a radiator over drying air through the laundry drum, wherein the increase in the electrical resistance of the drying material and the temperature difference from drum inlet and Trommelaustritttemperatur detected be evaluated.
  • the DE 199 18 877 A1 describes a method for estimating the loading and / or the drying time in a household tumble dryer before the end of the drying process, in which a dependent on the laundry humidity size and a measure of the Temperature of an air stream for drying the laundry before and / or after its contact with the laundry is determined.
  • the amount dependent on the fabric moisture is used in conjunction with the measure of the temperature of the air stream before and / or after its contact with the laundry to estimate the loading and / or the drying time.
  • a measure of the electrical resistance of the laundry is determined as the size dependent on the laundry moisture.
  • the DE 199 39 274 A1 describes a method for determining the expected drying time of a drying process in tumble dryers with a continuous temperature detection at Trommelein- and drum outlet and moisture-controlled drying programs in which at least two early after the start of the device at least two independent measures used and correlated with each other.
  • measured variables are the electrical resistance / conductance of the laundry at the beginning of the drying process, the temporal temperature profile at the drum outlet of the process air after switching on the heater and the respective mathematically / physically derivable variables, and several other variables related to the temperature.
  • the object of the present invention was to provide a condensation dryer (abbreviated hereafter to "dryer") with improved determination of the load.
  • the object of the invention was also to provide a method suitable for operating this dryer.
  • the invention thus relates to a condensation dryer with a process air duct, a drum for receiving laundry, a heat exchanger for condensing water from moist, warm process air, a control device, at least one temperature sensor and a device for determining the amount of condensed water in the heat exchanger, wherein the at least a temperature sensor is arranged in a cooling medium channel and / or in the process air duct and the control device is set up in order to determine a loading of the drum with dry mass of laundry items on the basis of a time profile of the temperature measured with the at least one temperature sensor and a time profile of the amount of condensed water in that the time profile of the temperature measured by the at least one temperature sensor and the time profile of the amount of condensed water are determined for at least one predetermined time interval ⁇ t 1 , and by Comparison with a deposited in the controller relationship between these time courses and the loading of the drum, the loading of the drum is determined.
  • the loading is understood to mean the dry mass of the items of laundry to be dried introduced into the drum.
  • At least one temperature sensor is used. If only one temperature sensor is used, in particular the time change of the temperature at the location of this temperature sensor is measured and used to determine the load. If more than one temperature sensor is used, it is also possible to measure the temperature difference between two locations, for example in the process air duct, and, in particular, also to track its temporal change. If in each case a temperature sensor is arranged both in the process air duct and in the cooling medium duct, the temperature in both ducts can be measured and their temporal change can be used to determine the load.
  • At least two temperature sensors are preferably used.
  • the type of temperature sensor is not limited, but an NTC sensor is preferred.
  • a first temperature sensor is arranged in the cooling medium channel at the entrance or exit of the heat exchanger for the cooling medium, preferably at the entrance.
  • a second temperature sensor is arranged in the cooling medium channel at the outlet of the heat exchanger for the cooling medium.
  • the condensation dryer according to the invention furthermore generally has a heater, wherein this is in particular an electric heater or a gas heater, wherein an electric heater is preferably used.
  • the heater serves to heat the process air before it is introduced into the drum of the condensation dryer.
  • the condensation dryer For conveying the process air, the condensation dryer also generally has a fan in the process air duct.
  • At least one heat exchanger for dehumidifying the moist, warm process air is present, so that the moist, warm process air from the drum is not conducted into an installation space of the dryer. Instead, at least some of the moisture from the moist, warm process air is removed by condensation. This is generally achieved by cooling the moist, warm process air.
  • the heat exchanger generally uses a cooling medium, for example cooling air or a refrigerant, for dehumidifying the process air.
  • the condensed water is then usually first collected in a condensate tray or pumped by a condensate pump, for example in a condensate tank.
  • the heat exchanger is in particular an air-air heat exchanger or a heat sink of a heat pump, in particular an evaporator.
  • a heat pump is characterized by two heat exchangers, namely a heat sink, in which heat is absorbed, a heat source in which heat is released, and a pumping device, which transfers heat from the heat sink to the heat source optionally with a change in temperature.
  • the cooling of the warm, moisture-laden process air takes place essentially in the heat sink of the heat pump, also referred to as evaporator, where the heat transferred is used to evaporate a refrigerant circulating in the pump device designed as a circuit ,
  • the refrigerant vaporized due to the heating is in the Pumping means via a compressor of the heat source, which is a condenser for the refrigerant supplied to the heat pump, where due to the liquefaction of the gaseous refrigerant heat is released, which is used to heat the process air before entering the drum.
  • the now liquid refrigerant is expanded in a throttle of the pumping device, whereby its internal pressure is reduced, and finally passes back to the evaporator.
  • condensation dryer according to the invention is in the process air duct in any case preferably an air-to-air heat exchanger or an evaporator of a heat pump, more preferably an evaporator of a heat pump.
  • a cooling air duct is provided, is passed through the air, in particular from a storage room of the dryer, as a cooling medium by means of a cooling air blower.
  • the condensation dryer In the condensation dryer according to the invention, a time course of the amount of condensed water produced, ie condensate, measured and used to determine the load with laundry with.
  • the condensation rate K describes the amount of water condensed out of the items of laundry to be dried, based on a specific period of time.
  • K m H 2 O / .delta.t
  • m H2O is the amount of condensate obtained from the items to be dried water and ⁇ t the corresponding period.
  • the period .DELTA.t is limited according to the invention only in that it must be sufficiently large to reliably determine the condensation rate K, wherein the respective minimum period At min is generally dependent on the method for determining the condensation rate.
  • the amount of condensed water in the heat exchanger can be determined in different ways, and several methods of determination can be combined to improve accuracy. For this purpose, the fact is used that condensate generally in a first is collected below the heat exchanger arranged condensate tray. Then the amount of condensate in the condensate tray above the water level can be measured with the aid of a water level sensor.
  • a water level sensor is therefore arranged in a condensate tray below the heat exchanger or in a condensate tank.
  • the condensate is pumped out for disposal or for intermediate storage in a condensate tank.
  • a condensate channel in which a condensate pump is often arranged to convey the condensate.
  • condensate can also be easily pumped into a sewer for disposal via the condensate duct.
  • a flow sensor which measures the amount of condensate flowing through, be used to determine the condensation rate. This is done with a direct disposal of the condensate, but also if the condensate is transported through the condensate channel for intermediate storage in the condensate tank.
  • the period ⁇ t min is preferably should include at least two pump cycles.
  • Particularly advantageous here is the entire period .DELTA.t in the main drying phase, which .DELTA.t max corresponds to the duration of the main drying phase.
  • the main drying phase herein is the phase of the drying process, in which, at approximately constant process air temperature, the drying of the laundry mainly takes place.
  • the condensation dryer according to the invention is in particular a tumble dryer per se or a washer-dryer.
  • a washer-dryer here is a combination device that has a washing function for washing laundry and a drying function for drying wet laundry.
  • the dryer advantageously has an optical and / or acoustic display device for different states of the dryer.
  • an optical display device is preferably used.
  • the display device can give information about the operation of the dryer, for example, by the output of a text or by lighting different colored light emitting diodes, for example on the load or on a correspondingly adapted running drying program or a remaining time of a drying program.
  • the invention also provides a method for operating a condensation dryer with a process air duct, a drum with laundry items placed therein, a heat exchanger for condensing water from moist, warm process air, a control device, at least one temperature sensor and a device for determining the amount of water condensed in the heat exchanger wherein the at least one temperature sensor is arranged in a cooling medium channel and / or in the process air duct and the control device is set up in order to load the drum with dry mass of laundry items based on a time profile of the temperature measured with the temperature sensor and a time profile of the amount of condensed water determine in which method for at least a predetermined period .DELTA.t 1, the time course of the measured temperature with the at least one temperature sensor and the time course of the amount of condensing rtem water is determined and a load of the drum is determined by comparison with a deposited in the controller relationship between these time courses and the loading of the drum with laundry.
  • the loading is understood as meaning the dry mass of the items of laundry to be dried which do not change over the duration of the method according to the invention and in particular of a drying program carried out.
  • a determination of the loading according to the invention is therefore only necessary once during the drying program, although it may also be necessary can be done more often.
  • the device for determining the amount of water condensed in the heat exchanger is, in particular, a water level sensor in a condensate tray or a condensate tank, a flow sensor or a condensate pump, in particular one whose function depends on a minimum volume of condensate, so that the number of pump cycles in a given period of time can be used as a measure of the amount of condensate conveyed and therefore produced.
  • a water level sensor in the condensate pan or in the condensate tank can be closed in a simple way to the condensation rate.
  • the water level is measured over a defined period of time .DELTA.t and, based on the known dimensions of the condensate tray, the amount of water m H2O condensed out of the items to be dried is determined, from which the condensation rate K results.
  • a water level sensor When a water level sensor is used, its type is not limited in the present invention. Preferably, however, an analogue water level sensor is used. But it could also be provided, for example, for other reasons, a water level sensor in the condensate tray or in the condensate tank, which then could be used.
  • a flow sensor is arranged in the condensate channel.
  • the condensate channel here is the channel in which the condensate is removed, for example, from the condensate tray in the condensate tank.
  • a flow sensor arranged in such a way can be concluded in a simple manner to the condensation rate, for example by the flow over a defined period .DELTA.t is measured, from which the amount of the auskondens Being from the laundry items to be dried m H2O is determined first, from which then the Condensation rate K results.
  • the condensation rate is thus determined by means of a flow sensor which is arranged in a condensate channel.
  • a condensation dryer generally also has a condensate pump for conveying condensate.
  • the condensate is removed by means of the condensate pump, which can be time-controlled or "event-controlled". Timed here means control based on predetermined time values, e.g. in the program flow.
  • Event-driven means that the pump triggers at a certain amount of water, so in the case of" event-driven "pumps, the condensate pump generally only operates when a certain preset amount of water is available, with the pump generally operating at a preset constant flow rate The pump is therefore switched off, resulting in pump operation with different periods of operation and standstill, based on the duration of the operating phases over a given period of time and thus the number of pumping cycles over a given period of time, on the pumped and thus on the heat exchangers Condensate can be closed.
  • the condensation rate is determined by means of the number of pump cycles per unit time of a condensate pump arranged in the condensate duct.
  • the rate of condensation be determined via a water level sensor or a flow sensor.
  • the condensation rate is preferably determined based on the number of pump cycles in a certain period .DELTA.t. This has the advantage that no additional sensors are needed.
  • a additionally stored in the control device relationship between the time course of the measured temperature with the at least one temperature sensor, the time course of the amount of condensed water, the time course of a temperature difference .DELTA.T K (T KA - T KE ) of the cooling medium, where T KE is the temperature of the cooling medium at the inlet of the heat exchanger and T KA the temperature of the cooling medium at the outlet of the heat exchanger, and a speed of the drum and / or a process air blower and a heating power of a heater for the process air, and the loading of the drum with laundry used.
  • the rotation of the drum affects the distribution of laundry in the drum and thus the flow of process air through the drum. In addition, this affects the drying, since initially generally a superficial drying of laundry items takes place and thus the accessibility of the wet laundry items for the warm and dry process air should preferably be considered.
  • a humidity sensor which determines the moisture of the laundry items in the drum.
  • a conductivity sensor can be used as the humidity sensor, i. a sensor in which a moisture content of the items of laundry can be measured by the moisture-dependent conductivity of the items of laundry.
  • electrodes in the end shield of the drum can serve as a moisture sensor.
  • the humidity, ie the degree of drying, of the items of laundry can be determined by observing the motor current and / or a power delivered to the electric drive motor within a predetermined period of time, since a current and / or power gradient with a decreasing moisture of the laundry items smaller becomes.
  • a suitable moisture-determining device and a method for operating such a condensation dryer are described, for example, in US Pat EP 2 227 585 B1 described.
  • a drying process in tumble dryers is divided into three phases.
  • the heating phase takes place during which the temperature of the process air at a considered location, such as an input or output of the drum, increases until a certain temperature value is reached.
  • the main drying phase in which the dryer is operated in a quasi-stationary thermodynamic state, i. the temperature of the process air is approximately constant at a considered location.
  • This phase is thus also called the "equilibrium phase".
  • the main drying phase begins when a certain value of the process air temperature is reached (threshold value) and the further drying process of the laundry takes place at approximately the same process air temperature. During this phase, the main drying of the laundry occurs.
  • the drying process is then completed with a cooling phase in which the heating is switched off.
  • the correlation of the time course of the measured with the at least one temperature sensor temperature and / or temperature difference with the load with laundry is relatively complicated.
  • the control device in the heating phase in the context of relationships between the load and the measured temperature values and condensation rates.
  • early definition or adaptation of a drying process to a loading is desirable.
  • the loading is determined during the heating phase and / or at the beginning of the main drying phase. In a particularly preferred embodiment, the loading is determined at the beginning of the main drying phase. It is particularly preferred if the period for determining the condensation rate .DELTA.t is as low as possible, and thus corresponds to .DELTA.t min . Such a determination of the loading B allows an early adjustment of the further course of the drying process to the load.
  • the amount of water condensed out of the laundry items to be dried m H2O and therefore the condensation rate K can be determined in various ways. For example, over a defined period of time with a water level sensor, the water level in the condensate tray or in the condensate tank can be measured and used to deduce the condensation rate K. Alternatively, with time control of the condensate pump by means of a flow sensor, the amount of water delivered in a certain period of time can be measured.
  • the loading determination thus comprises a determination of the condensation rate K.
  • the load correlates with the condensation rate K, since with a small load of laundry, the process air absorbs less moisture from the laundry than with a large load of laundry.
  • the condensation rate K is thus high, whereas at a lower load the condensation rate K is smaller.
  • the condensation rate is largely independent of the initial moisture content of the laundry.
  • the initial moisture content of the laundry generally affects mainly the duration of the drying process, but hardly the condensation rate.
  • the condensation rate K is decisively influenced by the temperature of the cooling medium T K in the heat exchanger for dehumidifying the process air.
  • the cooling medium in the heat exchanger for dehumidifying the process air serves to cool the process air and thus leads to the desired condensation.
  • the lower the temperature of the cooling medium T K the greater the condensation rate K becomes.
  • the temperature of the cooling medium T K may vary, for example, depending on the ambient temperature of the tumble dryer. In particular, this connection becomes in tumble dryers with air / air heat exchangers, which use the ambient air as the cooling medium and in which thus the condensation rate K depends on the ambient temperature. A large condensation rate K could thus indicate both a high load and / or a low ambient temperature.
  • the at least one temperature sensor is arranged such that it can determine the temperature of the cooling medium T K.
  • the coolant channel is in this case generally the arrangement surrounding the cooling medium directly, for example in air / air heat exchangers, the cooling air guide from the entry of cooling air in the dryer to its exit from the tumble dryer or heat pump dryers the corresponding leadership of the refrigerant.
  • the dependence on the condensation rate K is determined and taken into account by suitable relationships, which are stored in the control device for the determination of the load for determining the loading of the clothes dryer.
  • the temperature of the cooling medium T K is preferably determined at a time within the period .DELTA.t, in which the condensation rate is determined.
  • the temporal tracking of temperatures, temperature differences, condensation rates, etc. occur in the same period.
  • a measurement can be made in one or more time periods.
  • the loading of the laundry dryer with items of laundry is generally determined by respective values for the loading B being stored in the control device for different condensation rates K at different temperatures of the cooling medium T K.
  • the loading B can be determined exactly.
  • the temperature sensor is arranged at the cooling medium inlet of the heat exchanger.
  • the temperature sensor is arranged there in the coolant channel, where the cooling medium enters the heat exchanger.
  • this is the entry point of the cooling air into the air / air heat exchanger or the entry of the refrigerant into the evaporator.
  • a further temperature sensor is arranged on the cooling medium outlet of the device for dehumidifying the process air.
  • the further temperature sensor is arranged there in the coolant channel, where the cooling medium exits from the heat exchanger. For example, this is the exit point of the cooling air from the air / air heat exchanger or the outlet of the refrigerant from the evaporator.
  • a temperature difference ⁇ T K of the cooling medium between the temperature of the cooling medium at its inlet T KE and the temperature of the cooling medium at its outlet T KA can be determined from the device for dehumidification.
  • the temperature difference .DELTA.T K of the cooling medium allows a statement about the "cooling capacity" of the heat exchanger.
  • the loading in particular as a function of the condensation rate K and the two temperature values T KE and T KA is determined, or a function of the condensation rate K and the temperature difference .DELTA.T K, in general, by depositing the corresponding data in the control device. So the load can be determined exactly.
  • the condensate tank may be fixed or removable in the condensation dryer.
  • a drying process adapted to the load can be carried out.
  • the power of the heater, the fan speed (process air fan, cooling fan, if present), the drum speed and / or a duration of the drying process can be suitably selected to achieve an optimum drying result.
  • the invention has the advantage that a dryer can be operated with improved efficiency.
  • the invention allows the course of a drying process to be adapted individually to the load. As a result, insufficient drying or overdrying of the items of laundry is avoided.
  • a desired final moisture content So the user can choose how "dry" he wants the laundry. In addition, by avoiding over-drying, the laundry is spared.
  • the adaptation of the drying method to this reduced loading which is possible according to the invention, also has the advantage that a shortening of the drying time and a reduced energy consumption are achieved than with known drying methods.
  • the invention makes it possible through the use of several determination methods that the load can be determined very precisely.
  • FIG. 1 thus shows a vertical section through a condensation dryer 1, which has the heat exchanger 15, the evaporator of a heat pump 12,13,14,15 and a rotatable about a horizontal axis drum 3 as a drying chamber, within which driver 21 for moving laundry during a drum rotation are attached.
  • a humidity sensor 34 designed here as a conductivity sensor, mounted to the moisture from the drum To be able to determine introduced laundry items.
  • process air is conducted by means of a process air blower 6 via an electric heater 4. The thereby heated process air then passes into the drum 3, where in Fig. 1 Moist laundry items not shown are deprived of moisture.
  • the process air heated by the electric heater 4 is directed from the rear, ie from the side of the drum 3 opposite a dryer door 22, through the perforated bottom into the drum 3.
  • the moist, warm process air leaves the drum 3 via a fluff grate 31 and flows in the process air duct 2 to the evaporator 15 of the heat pump.
  • a circulating in the heat pump circuit 12,13,14,15 refrigerant is evaporated due to the heat exchange with the moist, warm process air and fed via a compressor 13 to a condenser 12.
  • the moist, warm process air is thereby cooled in the evaporator 15 of the heat pump 12,13,14,15 and the vaporized refrigerant of the heat pump via a compressor 13 to the condenser 12, where the refrigerant with heat dissipation to the flowing in the process air duct cooled and dehumidified process air liquefied.
  • the liquid then present in liquid form is passed via a throttle valve 14 in turn to the evaporator 15, whereby the refrigerant circuit is closed.
  • first embodiment shown is a first temperature sensor 27 disposed at the inlet of the refrigerant in the evaporator 15 and a second temperature sensor 28 at the outlet of the refrigerant from the evaporator 15, which the respective temperature T KE and T KA of the heat pump cycle 12,13,14, 15 circulating refrigerant.
  • the resulting condensate in the evaporator 15 is collected in a condensate pan 17 and pumped by means of a condensate pump 20 in a condensate channel 18 in a condensate tank 19.
  • a condensate tray 17 In the condensate tray 17 is a water level sensor 11, which is designed here as a reed contact in conjunction with a permanent magnetic float.
  • the condensate pump 20 can be controlled so that it starts only at a predetermined minimum volume of condensate, but interrupts their operation below this value. From the number of pumping cycles per unit of time, the amount of condensate produced per unit of time can then be calculated. the condensation rate, be closed.
  • a flow meter 32 in the condensate channel 18 can be used to determine the condensation rate.
  • the drum 3 is at the in FIG. 1 shown embodiment at the rear bottom by means of a pivot bearing and front mounted by means of a bearing plate 7, wherein the drum 3 rests with a brim on a sliding strip 8 on the bearing plate 7 and is held at the front end.
  • the control of the dryer via a control device 10, which can be controlled by the user via an operating unit 9.
  • a display device 33 allows the display of a detected load or other conditions of the dryer, such as e.g. Remaining time of a drying process.
  • the dryer for determining the load with items of laundry in particular, the control device 10, the water level sensor 11 and a first temperature sensor 27 and a second temperature sensor 28.
  • the water level in the condensate tray 17 is measured over the period ⁇ t 1 by means of the water level sensor 11.
  • the amount of condensed water m H2OX is first determined in the control device 10 on the basis of the stored dimensions of the condensate tray 17 . Based on the specific period .DELTA.t X then the condensation rate K X is determined.
  • FIG. 2 shows a vertical section through a condensation dryer having a heat exchanger for dehumidifying the process air an air / air heat exchanger, according to another embodiment of the invention.
  • an air / air heat exchanger 5 is used instead of an evaporator is at the in FIG. 2 shown second embodiment.
  • the process air is essentially the same for this dryer FIG. 1 shown led.
  • the moist, warm process air after exiting the drum 3 via the process air duct 2 for dehumidification is not passed to the evaporator of a heat pump, but to the air / air heat exchanger 5, where it is cooled.
  • the moisture absorbed by the process air from the items of laundry condenses there and is collected in the condensate tray 17.
  • the condensate tray 17 is a water level sensor eleventh
  • the cooling of the warm, moisture-laden process air from the drum 3 in the air / air heat exchanger 5 takes place by heat exchange with cooling air as the cooling medium.
  • the cooling air enters from the installation room of the dryer 1 through the cooling air inlet 23 into the cooling air duct 24 and is conveyed through the cooling air blower 25 through the air / air heat exchanger 5 to the cooling air outlet 26.
  • a first temperature sensor 29 is arranged at the inlet of the cooling air into the air / air heat exchanger 5 and a second temperature sensor 30 at the outlet of the cooling air from the air / air heat exchanger 5.
  • the two temperature sensors measure the temperatures T KE and T KA of the cooling air.
  • the condensate pump 20 can be controlled so that it starts only at a predetermined minimum volume of condensate, but interrupts their operation below this value. From the number of pump cycles per unit time can then be closed to the amount of condensate generated per unit time.
  • a flow sensor 32 in the condensate channel 18 can be used to determine this condensation rate.
  • the process air blower 6, the cooling air blower 25 and the drum 3 are driven by the same motor 16 with the blower 6 and the cooling air blower 25 on opposite sides of the engine 16.
  • the dryer for determining the load with items of laundry likewise has, in particular, the control device 10, the water level sensor 11 and a first temperature sensor 29 and a second temperature sensor 30 in the cooling medium channel 24 configured as a cooling air channel.
  • the water level in the condensate tray 17 is measured at the beginning of the main drying phase over a period ⁇ t Y by means of the water level sensor 11, and the condensation rate K is determined on the basis of this.
  • the temperatures TK E and T KA of the cooling air are measured right at the beginning of the period .DELTA.t 1 with the temperature sensors 29 and 30 and also transmitted to the control device 10.
  • the temperature difference of the cooling air ⁇ T K is first determined in the control device 10.
  • the values thus determined for the condensation rate K and the temperature difference .DELTA.T K of the cooling air are then compared with stored in the control device 10 values for the condensation rate K and the temperature difference .DELTA.T K of the cooling air and determined at the matching values of the corresponding stored value for the load.
  • a humidity sensor 34 designed here as a conductivity sensor, mounted to determine the moisture introduced into the drum laundry.
  • the further course of the drying process is then determined in the control device 10 on the basis of the load value determined in this way, wherein the load of laundry items can be taken into account.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Control Of Washing Machine And Dryer (AREA)
  • Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
  • Detail Structures Of Washing Machines And Dryers (AREA)
EP13756512.3A 2012-09-14 2013-09-05 Kondensationstrockner mit ermittlung der beladung sowie verfahren zu seinem betrieb Active EP2895652B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102012216397.2A DE102012216397A1 (de) 2012-09-14 2012-09-14 Kondensationstrockner mit Ermittlung der Beladung sowie Verfahren zu seinem Betrieb
PCT/EP2013/068363 WO2014040904A2 (de) 2012-09-14 2013-09-05 Kondensationstrockner mit ermittlung der beladung sowie verfahren zu seinem betrieb

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EP2895652A2 EP2895652A2 (de) 2015-07-22
EP2895652B1 true EP2895652B1 (de) 2016-08-24

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DE (1) DE102012216397A1 (zh)
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EP3023531B1 (en) * 2014-11-19 2018-06-06 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd Clothes dryer
DE102015201831A1 (de) 2015-02-03 2016-08-04 BSH Hausgeräte GmbH Verfahren zur Ermittlung von Wäscheeigenschaften und hierfür geeigneter Kondensationstrockner
CN106811945B (zh) * 2015-11-27 2019-03-22 无锡小天鹅股份有限公司 干衣机及其负载量判断方法
DE102016210265A1 (de) 2016-06-10 2017-12-14 BSH Hausgeräte GmbH Verfahren zur Ermittlung der Endrestfeuchte in einem Kondensationstrockner sowie hierfür geeigneter Kondensationstrockner
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CN110820286A (zh) * 2018-07-23 2020-02-21 青岛海尔滚筒洗衣机有限公司 一种防溢水方法及干衣机
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Publication number Publication date
EP2895652A2 (de) 2015-07-22
DE102012216397A1 (de) 2014-03-20
PL2895652T3 (pl) 2017-01-31
CN104619906B (zh) 2016-08-31
CN104619906A (zh) 2015-05-13
WO2014040904A2 (de) 2014-03-20
WO2014040904A3 (de) 2014-05-22

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