EP2888382B1 - Bande d'alliage en aluminium résistant à la corrosion intercristalline et son procédé de fabrication - Google Patents

Bande d'alliage en aluminium résistant à la corrosion intercristalline et son procédé de fabrication Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2888382B1
EP2888382B1 EP13756051.2A EP13756051A EP2888382B1 EP 2888382 B1 EP2888382 B1 EP 2888382B1 EP 13756051 A EP13756051 A EP 13756051A EP 2888382 B1 EP2888382 B1 EP 2888382B1
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aluminium alloy
alloy strip
rolling
maximum
aluminum alloy
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EP2888382A1 (fr
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Henk-Jan Brinkman
Olaf Engler
Thomas Hentschel
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Speira GmbH
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Hydro Aluminium Rolled Products GmbH
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
    • C22F1/047—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with magnesium as the next major constituent
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
    • C22C21/06—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
    • C22C21/06—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent
    • C22C21/08—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent with silicon

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an aluminum alloy strip consisting of an aluminum alloy of the type AA 5xxx, which in addition to Al and unavoidable impurities has a Mg content of at least 4 wt .-%.
  • the invention relates to a method for producing the aluminum alloy strip according to the invention and a component made from an aluminum alloy strip according to the invention.
  • Aluminum magnesium (AlMg) alloys of type AA 5xxx are used in the form of sheets or plates or strips for the construction of welded or joined structures in shipbuilding, automotive and aircraft construction. They are characterized in particular by a high strength, which increases with increasing magnesium content.
  • Aluminum alloy ribbons of the type AA5182 with a Mg content of at least 4 wt .-% are also from the article Semi-Solid Processing of Alloys and Composites by Kang et al. and from the paper Comparison of recrystallization textures in cold-rolled DC and CC AA 5182 aluminum alloys by Liu et al., as well as from the US 2003/0150587 A1 known.
  • the article Hot-Tear Susceptibility of Aluminum Wrought Alloys and the Effect of Grain Refining by Lin et al. concerns round bars made of his AA5182 alloy.
  • the DE 102 31 437 A1 relates to corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy sheets, whereby the addition of Zn in a content of more than 0.4% by weight affords sufficient resistance to intergranular corrosion.
  • AlMg alloys of the type AA 5xxx with Mg contents of more than 3%, in particular more than 4%, are increasingly prone to intercrystalline corrosion when exposed to elevated temperatures.
  • ⁇ -Al 5 Mg 3 phases separate out along the grain boundaries, which are called ⁇ -particles and can be selectively dissolved in the presence of a corrosive medium.
  • This relates in particular to the components of a motor vehicle, which are usually subjected to a cathodic dip coating (KTL) and then dried in a baking process, since sensitization with respect to intercrystalline corrosion can already be caused by this baking process in conventional aluminum alloy tapes.
  • KTL cathodic dip coating
  • the forming during the production of a component and the subsequent operating load of the component must be taken into account.
  • the susceptibility to intergranular corrosion is usually tested in a standard test according to ASTM G67, in which the samples are exposed to nitric acid and the mass loss due to the release of ⁇ -particles is measured.
  • ASTM G67 the mass loss for materials which are not resistant to intergranular corrosion is more than 15 mg / cm 2 .
  • the object of the present invention is to propose an aluminum alloy strip of an AlMg alloy which, despite high strengths and Mg content of more than 4% by weight, in particular also after deformation and subsequent application of temperature, is resistant to intergranular corrosion .
  • a manufacturing method is to be specified, with which against intergranular corrosion resistant aluminum strips can be produced.
  • intergranular corrosion resistant components of a motor vehicle such as body parts or body parts, such as doors, hoods and tailgates or other structural parts but also component parts of an aluminum alloy type AA 5xxx.
  • Residual Al and unavoidable impurities individually a maximum of 0.05 wt .-%, in total not more than 0.15 wt .-%.
  • An aluminum alloy ribbon having a recrystallized structure may be provided by hot strips or soft annealed cold strips.
  • Extensive research has found that there is a correlation between grain size, magnesium content, and intergranular corrosion resistance. Since the grain size of a material is always in the form of a distribution, all information given the grain size on the average grain size. The mean grain size can be determined according to ASTM E1382. If the grain size is sufficiently large, that is, if the grain size is greater than or equal to the lower limit of the grain size of the present invention, resistance to intergranular corrosion can be achieved, so that mass loss is less than 15 mg in the ASTM G67 test / cm 2 drops. Corresponding aluminum strips can therefore be termed resistant to intergranular corrosion.
  • the aluminum alloy ribbon of the present invention because of its relatively high Mg content, provides high strengths and yield strengths while being resistant to intergranular corrosion. It is therefore very suitable for use in heat-stressed areas in the automotive industry.
  • Residual Al and unavoidable impurities individually a maximum of 0.05 wt .-%, in total not more than 0.15 wt .-%.
  • Mg range to 4.45 wt .-% to 4.8 wt .-% is also a very good strength with a moderate grain size can be achieved.
  • the grain size is a maximum of 50 microns, since in the production of aluminum strips with grain sizes of more than 50 microns from an aluminum alloy of type AA 5xxx with a Mg content of at least 4 wt .-%, the process reliability drops , On the other hand, a grain size of maximum 50 ⁇ m can be achieved with process stability.
  • the process stability for the production of microstructures with controlled grain size increases with decreasing grain size.
  • the production of an aluminum alloy strip having a grain size of not more than 45 ⁇ m, preferably not more than 40 ⁇ m is associated with increasing process stability.
  • this has a thickness of 0.5 mm - 5 mm and is thus outstandingly suitable for most applications, for example in the automotive industry.
  • the aluminum alloy strip according to the invention can advantageously be configured by being cold rolled and finally soft annealed.
  • a recrystallizing soft annealing usually takes place at temperatures of 300 ° C - 500 ° C and makes it possible to eliminate the introduced in the rolling process solidifications and to ensure a good formability of the aluminum alloy strip.
  • cold end, soft annealed and therefore recrystallized tapes can provide lower final thicknesses than recrystallized hot tapes.
  • the aluminum alloy strip has a yield strength R p0.2 of more than 120 MPa and a tensile strength R m of more than 260 MPa.
  • the aluminum alloy strip according to the invention which is resistant to intercrystalline corrosion also exceeds the strength properties of an aluminum alloy of the AA5182 type required in accordance with DIN485-2.
  • the enumerated process steps lead in sum to the fact that due to the small Abwalzgrads in the cold rolling of the aluminum alloy strip to final thickness, a grain size can be provided after annealing, which meets the above-mentioned dependence on the Mg content.
  • the solidification of the strip is set before annealing, which determines the resulting grain size.
  • different grain size can be set, which can be tailored to the alloy composition. In this respect, an aluminum alloy strip which is resistant to intergranular corrosion can be produced.
  • the degree of rolling before soft annealing ie the degree of rolling at the final thickness during cold rolling, is limited to less than 40%, preferably not more than 30%, particularly preferably not more than 25%.
  • an additional cold rolling step after an intermediate annealing at 300 ° C - 500 ° C instead.
  • the aluminum alloy ribbon strongly solidified by the cold rolling is recrystallized and again converted into a workable state.
  • the subsequent cold-rolling step with a degree of reduction of less than 40%, preferably not more than 30%, particularly preferably not more than 25% results in that, in conjunction with the Mg contents of the aluminum alloy used, the particle size can be adjusted in accordance with the claimed ratio.
  • a strip is then produced in the annealed state, which is both resistant to intergranular corrosion and has the necessary forming or strength properties.
  • the soft annealing and / or the intermediate annealing take place in a batch furnace, in particular a chamber furnace or a continuous furnace. Both furnaces lead to the provision of a sufficiently coarse grain structure, which ensures the resistance to intergranular corrosion. Batch ovens are usually not as expensive to operate and purchase as continuous ovens.
  • the above-described object is achieved by a component for a motor vehicle, which at least partially consists of an aluminum alloy strip according to the invention.
  • the component is usually subjected to a coating, preferably a cathodic dip coating. Nevertheless, there are also possible uses of unpainted components made from the aluminum alloy strip according to the invention.
  • the aluminum alloy strip has excellent properties in terms of strength, forming properties and resistance to intergranular corrosion, so that in particular the heat load in a painting, a baking process typically 20 minutes at about 185 ° C takes little effect on the resistance of the component against intergranular corrosion.
  • the transformation to a component which was simulated by means of a stretching by 15% transverse to the original rolling direction, has only a small influence on the resistance to intergranular corrosion.
  • the mass loss values according to ASTM G67 are less than 15 mg / cm 2 .
  • the operation in temperature-stressed areas which was simulated by a heat load of 200 or 500 hours at 80 ° C, only a small effect on the resistance to intergranular corrosion.
  • the mass loss values according to ASTM G67 are less than 15 mg / cm 2 even after a corresponding temperature load.
  • a component if this is designed as a body or a body attachment of a motor vehicle.
  • Typical body parts are the fender or parts of the floor assembly, the roof, etc.
  • body parts usually doors and tailgates etc. are referred to, which are not firmly connected to the motor vehicle.
  • non-visible body parts or body parts are made from the aluminum alloy strip according to the invention. These are, for example, door inner parts or inner parts of tailgates but also floor panels, etc.
  • a typical heat load for such components of a motor vehicle, for example, of door inner parts is given, for example, by the solar radiation during the operation of a motor vehicle.
  • bodywork or bodywork components of a motor vehicle are generally also exposed to moisture, for example in the form of sprayed water or condensation, so that resistance to intergranular corrosion must be required.
  • the body or body parts according to the invention made of an aluminum alloy strip according to the present invention, meet these conditions and also ensure a weight advantage over the steel structures used to date.
  • the grain size varied for example from 16 microns to 61 microns, the final rolling degree of 17% to 57%.
  • the final soft annealing was carried out either in the chamber furnace (KO) or in the belt continuous furnace (BDLO).
  • Fig. 1 shows the sequence of embodiments for the production of aluminum strips.
  • the flowchart of Fig.1 shows schematically the various process steps of the manufacturing process of the aluminum alloy strip according to the invention.
  • step 1 an ingot of aluminum AA 5xxx alloy having a Mg content of at least 4% by weight is cast, for example, in DC continuous casting.
  • step 2 the rolling ingot in process step 2 is subjected to homogenization, which can be carried out in one or more stages. In a homogenization temperatures of the rolling ingot are reached from 480 to 550 ° C for at least 0.5 h.
  • process step 3 the rolling ingot is then hot rolled, with typical temperatures of 280 ° C to 500 ° C can be achieved.
  • the final thicknesses of the hot strip are for example 2 to 12 mm.
  • the hot strip thickness can be selected so that after hot rolling only a single cold rolling step 4 takes place, in which the hot strip is reduced with a rolling degree of less than 40%, preferably not more than 30%, more preferably not more than 25% in thickness.
  • the aluminum alloy strip cold rolled to final thickness is subjected to soft annealing.
  • the soft annealing was carried out in a continuous furnace or in a chamber furnace to test the dependence of the corrosion properties of the chamber or continuous furnace.
  • the second route was used with an intermediate annealing.
  • the hot strip after hot rolling according to process step 3 is fed to a cold rolling 4a, which has a rolling degree of more than 30% or more than 50%, so that the aluminum alloy strip is preferably recrystallized throughout in a subsequent intermediate annealing.
  • the intermediate annealing was carried out in the embodiments either in a continuous furnace at 400 ° C to 450 ° C or in the chamber furnace at 330 ° C to 380 ° C.
  • the intermediate annealing is in Fig. 1 represented by the method step 4b.
  • method step 4c according to Fig. 1
  • the temporarily annealed aluminum alloy strip is fed to cold rolling to its final thickness, the degree of reduction in step 4c being less than 40%, preferably not more than 30%, particularly preferably not more than 25%.
  • the Aluminum alloy ribbon again in the soft state by a soft annealing, wherein the soft annealing is carried out either in a continuous furnace at 400 ° C to 450 ° C or in the chamber furnace at 330 ° C to 380 ° C.
  • different degrees of rolling were set after intermediate annealing in addition to different aluminum alloys.
  • the values for the degree of rolling after the intermediate annealing are also shown in Table 1.
  • the grain size of the soft-annealed aluminum alloy strip was measured in each case.
  • the aluminum alloy strips were subjected to different heat treatments before the corrosion test.
  • a first heat treatment consisted of storing the aluminum strips for 20 minutes at 185 ° C to image the KTL cycle.
  • the aluminum alloy strips were additionally stored for 200 hours or 500 hours at 80 ° C. and then subjected to the corrosion test.
  • the aluminum alloy tapes were further stretched by about 15%, subjected to heat treatment at elevated temperature, and then subjected to intergranular corrosion test according to ASTM G67, in which the mass loss was measured.
  • the embodiments 11 to 19 are all classified as resistant to intergranular corrosion. This also applies to their use in motor vehicles with heat load and the presence of moisture or a corrosive medium.
  • the exemplary embodiments 12, 14, 16 and 17 showed the mechanical characteristics of an aluminum alloy strip of type AA 5182 required by DIN EN 485-2.
  • Fig. 2 the measured grain sizes are shown in the diagram as a function of the Mg content in% by weight.
  • the diagram also contains two curves A and B.
  • the straight line A indicates the grain sizes above which, at a specific Mg content, the aluminum alloy strip can be termed resistant to intergranular corrosion.
  • the curve B shows the limit from which the aluminum alloy strips have too low a yield strength of less than 110 MPa, so that they are not to be regarded as alloy AA 5182 according to DIN EN485-2.
  • FIG. 3 a typical component of a motor vehicle, shown schematically in the form of an inner door part.
  • Inner door parts 6 are usually made of a steel.
  • the aluminum alloy ribbons produced show that even the provision of high strengths with resistance to intergranular corrosion can be achieved, provided that the grain size ratio with respect to the Mg content is adjusted according to the invention.
  • the inventive component according to Fig. 3 has a significantly lower weight than a comparable steel component and is nevertheless resistant to intercrystalline corrosion.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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Claims (12)

  1. Bande d'alliage d'aluminium, constituée d'un alliage d'aluminium de type AA 5xxx comportant, outre Al et des impuretés inévitables, une teneur en Mg d'au moins 4 % en poids,
    caractérisée en ce que,
    la bande d'alliage d'aluminium présente une structure recristallisée, la taille de grain (KG) de la structure dépendant de la teneur en MG (c_Mg) en % en poids selon la relation suivante : KG ≥ 22 + 2 * c_Mg .
    Figure imgb0012
     et que l'alliage d'aluminium de la bande d'alliage d'aluminium présente la composition suivante en % en poids :
    Si ≤ 0,2 %,
    Fe ≤ 0,35 %,
    0,04 % ≤ Cu ≤ 0,08 %,
    0,2 % ≤ Mn ≤ 0,5 %,
    4,35 % ≤ Mg ≤ 4,8 %,
    Cr ≤ 0,1 %,
    Zn ≤ 0,25 %,
    Ti ≤ 0,1 %,
    le reste étant Al et des impuretés inévitables dont chacune représente au maximum 0,05 % en poids, leur somme représentant au maximum 0,15 % en poids.
  2. Bande d'alliage d'aluminium selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisée en ce que,
    la taille de grain (KG) de la structure de la bande d'alliage d'aluminium dépend de la teneur en MG (c_Mg) en % en poids selon la relation suivante : KG < 253 265 − 50 * c_Mg 2
    Figure imgb0013
  3. Bande d'alliage d'aluminium selon l'une des revendications 1 ou 2,
    caractérisée en ce que,
    l'alliage d'aluminium de ladite bande d'alliage d'aluminium comporte 4,45 % ≤ Mg ≤ 4,8 %.
  4. Bande d'alliage d'aluminium selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3,
    caractérisée en ce que,
    ladite taille de grain est inférieure ou égale à 50 µm, de préférence inférieure ou égale à 40 µm.
  5. Bande d'alliage d'aluminium selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4,
    caractérisée en ce que,
    ladite bande d'alliage d'aluminium présente une épaisseur comprise entre 0,5 mm et 5 mm.
  6. Bande d'alliage d'aluminium selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5,
    caractérisée en ce que,
    ladite bande d'alliage d'aluminium a subi un laminage à froid et un recuit d'adoucissement.
  7. Bande d'alliage d'aluminium selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6,
    caractérisée en ce que,
    ladite bande alliage d'aluminium présente une limite d'élasticité Rp0,2 supérieure à 120 MPa et une résistance à la traction Rm supérieure à 260 MPa.
  8. Procédé de fabrication d'une bande d'alliage d'aluminium selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, comprenant les étapes de procédé suivantes :
    - coulée d'une billette
    - homogénéisation de la billette pendant au moins 0,5 h à 480 °C à 550 °C,
    - laminage à chaud de la billette à une température comprise entre 280 °C et 500 °C,
    - laminage à froid de la bande d'alliage d'aluminium pour atteindre l'épaisseur finale, le taux de réduction étant inférieure à 40 %, de préférence à 30 % au maximum, avec une préférence particulière à 25 % au maximum,
    - recuit d'adoucissement de la bande d'alliage d'aluminium laminée finie à 300 °C à 500 °C.
  9. Procédé selon la revendication 8, ledit laminage à chaud étant, selon une variante, suivi des étapes de procédé indiquées ci-après :
    - laminage à froid de ladite bande d'alliage d'aluminium, à l'issue du laminage à chaud, le taux de réduction étant d'au moins 30 %, préférentiellement d'au moins 50%,
    - recuit intermédiaire de la bande d'alliage d'aluminium à 300 °C à 500 °C,
    - ensuite, laminage à froid pour atteindre l'épaisseur finale, le taux de réduction étant inférieure à 40 %, de préférence à 30 % au maximum, avec une préférence particulière à 25 % au maximum,
    - recuit d'adoucissement de la bande d'alliage d'aluminium laminée finie à 300 °C à 500 °C.
  10. Procédé selon les revendications 8 ou 9,
    caractérisé en ce que,
    le recuit intermédiaire et/ou le recuit d'adoucissement est réalisé dans un four à chargement par lots ou dans un four à passage continu.
  11. Pièce destinée à un véhicule à moteur, constituée au moins partiellement d'une bande d'alliage d'aluminium selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7.
  12. Pièce selon la revendication 11,
    caractérisée en ce que,
    ladite pièce est une pièce de carrosserie ou une pièce à rapporter sur une carrosserie de véhicule à moteur.
EP13756051.2A 2012-08-22 2013-08-22 Bande d'alliage en aluminium résistant à la corrosion intercristalline et son procédé de fabrication Active EP2888382B1 (fr)

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EP12181356 2012-08-22
PCT/EP2013/067484 WO2014029853A1 (fr) 2012-08-22 2013-08-22 Bande d'alliage d'aluminium résistante à la corrosion intercristalline et son procédé de fabrication
EP13756051.2A EP2888382B1 (fr) 2012-08-22 2013-08-22 Bande d'alliage en aluminium résistant à la corrosion intercristalline et son procédé de fabrication

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JP (1) JP6270844B2 (fr)
KR (1) KR101803520B1 (fr)
CN (2) CN110592441A (fr)
CA (1) CA2882691C (fr)
ES (1) ES2613857T3 (fr)
PT (1) PT2888382T (fr)
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WO (1) WO2014029853A1 (fr)

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ES2569664T3 (es) 2012-08-28 2016-05-12 Hydro Aluminium Rolled Products Gmbh Aleación de aluminio resistente a la corrosión intercristalina
CA2985067C (fr) * 2015-06-05 2020-11-10 Novelis Inc. Alliages d'aluminium 5xxx et leurs procedes de production
EP3314031B1 (fr) 2015-06-25 2018-11-07 Hydro Aluminium Rolled Products GmbH Bande almg facilement déformable et très résistante et son procédé de fabrication
CN109219494B (zh) * 2016-04-19 2021-09-07 海德鲁铝业钢材有限公司 含腐蚀防护层的铝复合材料、其生产方法和应用及换热器
PL3802901T3 (pl) * 2018-06-11 2023-03-20 Novelis Koblenz Gmbh Sposób wytwarzania wyrobu z blachy ze stopu al-mg-mn o podwyższonej odporności na korozję
EP3880380B1 (fr) * 2018-11-15 2023-08-30 Theodor Stuth Procédé de fabrication d'un fil brut à partir d'une première bande métallique et d'au moins une autre bande métallique par profilage sur galets
RU2722950C1 (ru) * 2020-02-07 2020-06-05 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Объединенная Компания РУСАЛ Инженерно-технологический центр" Сплав на основе алюминия и способ получения изделия из него
CN116940699A (zh) * 2021-03-12 2023-10-24 诺维尔里斯公司 高强度5xxx铝合金变体及其制备方法
CN114480928A (zh) * 2022-01-28 2022-05-13 全良金属(苏州)有限公司 一种电子产品用高强铝板及其制造方法
CN115652152B (zh) * 2022-11-30 2023-03-17 中铝材料应用研究院有限公司 可细化mig焊缝晶粒的5xxx铝合金、其制备方法及应用

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CA2882691C (fr) 2017-11-07
KR101803520B1 (ko) 2017-11-30
US20150159251A1 (en) 2015-06-11
WO2014029853A1 (fr) 2014-02-27
US20160273084A2 (en) 2016-09-22
KR20150065678A (ko) 2015-06-15
CN110592441A (zh) 2019-12-20
RU2606664C2 (ru) 2017-01-10
US10550456B2 (en) 2020-02-04
CA2882691A1 (fr) 2014-02-27
JP6270844B2 (ja) 2018-01-31
RU2015110064A (ru) 2016-10-10
PT2888382T (pt) 2017-02-10
JP2016504483A (ja) 2016-02-12
ES2613857T3 (es) 2017-05-26
CN104781430A (zh) 2015-07-15

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