EP2842660A1 - Method for processing, in particular casting, a material, casting mould for carrying out the method, and objects produced according to the method or in the casting mould - Google Patents
Method for processing, in particular casting, a material, casting mould for carrying out the method, and objects produced according to the method or in the casting mould Download PDFInfo
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- EP2842660A1 EP2842660A1 EP14177570.0A EP14177570A EP2842660A1 EP 2842660 A1 EP2842660 A1 EP 2842660A1 EP 14177570 A EP14177570 A EP 14177570A EP 2842660 A1 EP2842660 A1 EP 2842660A1
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- casting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D23/00—Casting processes not provided for in groups B22D1/00 - B22D21/00
- B22D23/006—Casting by filling the mould through rotation of the mould together with a molten metal holding recipient, about a common axis
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/06—Permanent moulds for shaped castings
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/08—Features with respect to supply of molten metal, e.g. ingates, circular gates, skim gates
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D35/00—Equipment for conveying molten metal into beds or moulds
- B22D35/04—Equipment for conveying molten metal into beds or moulds into moulds, e.g. base plates, runners
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method of processing a material, which is first of its solid state in a flowable state and then poured into a mold in which the material is then solidified. Furthermore, the invention relates to molds for carrying out the method and to articles which have been produced or produced by the processes and / or in such molds.
- the bottom casting results in the most laminar mold filling, however, during the solidification process, the coldest material is in the mentioned feeder or riser, ie the storage space from which material is to be fed during solidification, so that here the make-up is ensured by larger feeder dimensions must become.
- the side casting is relatively hot material in the feeder, however, results in a more turbulent mold filling than the bottom casting.
- head casting is the hottest material in the riser or feeder, so that although a good make-up with the lowest feed volume, but the quality of the castings depending on the filling level deteriorated by turbulence.
- the object of the present invention was to avoid the disadvantages of the previously known casting methods and to provide methods for processing materials which, with optimal laminar vortex-free mold filling and optimal Nachspeisung by the hottest metal from a storage room and thus smaller storage or feeder volume enable.
- overheating of contour-related accumulations of material should be avoided and cycle, material, energy, transport and cutting performance should be saved.
- the production of large-scale and complicated castings should be simplified and thus cheapened.
- Another task aspect was the creation of appropriate casting molds for the rational and high quality production of castings.
- the process for processing materials by introducing them into a flowable state and introducing them into a mold is first characterized in that the introduction into the mold takes place according to the principle of the bottom casting and the solidification according to the principle of the head casting.
- it is first brought the material by heating in a flowable state and introduced into a mold or in the mold cavity or cavity according to the principle of the bottom casting and the solidification is carried out according to the principle of Kopfgusses / Kippgusses.
- pivoting of the mold takes place about an axis which runs at least approximately parallel to the parting plane or to the parting plane of the mold.
- the cavity and the run and thus also the parting line (s) or parting line (s) - level (s) are provided or arranged at an angle to each other. It may be either the casting run or the cavity run obliquely, but it can also be both cavity and run at an oblique angle to the horizontal, wherein the cavity and run to each other can include an obtuse angle. However, it is also possible for the cavity and / or the casting run to occupy a shallow angle to the horizontal.
- cavity and run are provided at such an angle to each other and are pivoted together at such an angle and in such a direction that upon reaching a position of the storage space in which this the function of the riser or feeder can take over, the casting run has not reached the horizontal, it is particularly advantageous if the pivoting of the mold takes place in one direction, such that the casting run leads, so that in the solidification position of the run at least slightly upwards and a Leakage of the melt from the pantry, which then, as already mentioned, acts as a riser or feeder is not possible.
- a development of the invention relates to a mold or mold, which has a reservoir below the cavity into which the pouring leads, wherein the area of the run leading into the Vorrafis container has a section - the inlet - which is lower than the reservoir.
- the mold may further be characterized in that the cavity and the run are not provided parallel to each other, but at an angle to each other.
- the mold or mold may be formed such that both, ie cavity and run, are inclined, wherein they can form an obtuse angle to each other.
- the angle can be chosen such that upon pivoting of the mold into the position in which the storage space comes to lie over the cavity - the solidification position - and the storage space can act as a feeder or riser, the casting run in a the leakage of Melt from the storage space avoiding position by this at least slightly protrudes with respect to the horizontal, at least slightly upwards.
- Such a design of the casting mold is advantageous in that the cavity and the casting run are arranged relative to one another and the shape is pivoted in such a way that the casting run leads.
- the pivotable mold in which the mold halves surrounding both the casting run and the reservoir and the cavity are separated by corresponding parting lines, is expediently designed such that the pivoting takes place about an axis which extends at least approximately parallel to the plane of the parting plane ,
- This mold is - with the reservoir down - filled according to the bottom casting principle with melt, the reservoir is located below the cavity and in the pivoted mold, the solidification of the melt - with the then acting as feeder or riser pantry upwards.
- the casting mold has a closure on the pouring basin or a slide is provided in the region of the casting run, wherein the closure or slide is actuated before or in time during pivoting.
- the invention also relates to castings which are produced by the inventive method and / or by means of the casting molds according to the invention, these castings in a particularly expedient and advantageous manner by gravity produced light metal, in particular aluminum alloys - exist.
- FIGS. 1 to 4 conventional casting methods according to the prior art and the Figures 5 and 9 the casting method according to the invention.
- FIGS. 1 to 4 is the indicated mold or mold respectively denoted by 1A, 1 B, 1C and 1 D and the mold cavity or the cavity with 1a -1d.
- a feeder or riser 2a to 2d is provided, from which the so-called replenishment can take place when the casting solidifies.
- the flow direction of the material is also determined by the contours of the casting, resulting in overheating areas in the mold, which cause defects in the casting.
- the most laminar mold filling according to the side casting FIG. 2 a respect to the laminar mold filling already deteriorated design and both casting methods, ie bottom casting and side casting, have the disadvantage that the coldest material is located in the feeder or riser and thereby optimal solidification can only be done by larger feeders during solidification.
- FIG. 7 is a position of the mold or mold 1 E shown after moving from the position of the FIG. 5 was pivoted about 90 °.
- the parting line 10 between the two mold halves 1E 'and 1E can be seen and the pivot axis I, which runs parallel and through the plane formed by the parting lines 10.
- FIG. 7 is still recognizable, the observer facing end face of the cavity 1e and the end face of the storage space 9 and the inlet 7a and the pouring basin 4e.
- a closure 11 can also be provided or in the region of the inlet a slide 12, which are actuated in good time before or during pivoting, so that the casting run is completed there.
- the pivoting can also be pivoted about a horizontal or horizontal or at least approximately parallel to the plane of the parting line 10 extending axis, for example, at least approximately to the axis extending perpendicular thereto III. It may be advantageous if the pivoting takes place in the direction of the arrow III ', so that the casting run or the pouring pond precedes and melt until it reaches a position with the reservoir 9 upwards at least this can not leak.
- the pivoting can also take place about other axes or curves than the illustrated, for example, composed of the axes shown axes or curves; when using a shutter or slide, the direction of rotation is less critical with respect to the leakage of melt from the runner.
- FIGS. 8 and 9 are cavity 20 and at least parts of the runner 21, namely the inlet 22, at an angle to each other, at an obtuse angle, arranged.
- Cavity 20, the reservoir 25 and inlet 24 may be arranged to each other so that the inlet 24 is lower than the reservoir 25 and this in turn is lower than the cavity 20. In some cases, it may also be advantageous or sufficient if the inlet 24 is not placed below the storage space 25.
- FIGS. 8 and 9 are cavity and inlet, as already mentioned, provided at an obtuse angle 26 to each other and both include each an angle 27, 28 a to a plane 29 which extends at least approximately perpendicular to the horizontal.
- the mold 30 is pivoted in the in FIG. 9 shown position, and that about the axis 31, which is at least approximately parallel to the parting line 32 of the mold 30, and expediently in a pivoting direction of the arrow 33, so that the runner 21 with the Eingusteümpel 23 leads up to a position of the FIG. 9 , wherein the cavity 20 is brought into such a position that the storage space 25 is now above the cavity 20 and the storage space 25 can take over the function of a riser or feeder.
- the pivoting is done so far that the inlet 22, the horizontal 34 has not quite reached, so it can leak no or little melt.
- the method according to the invention or the casting molds according to the invention make it possible to cast according to the principle of bottom casting with a laminar mold filling that is optimal in comparison with the other casting methods and solidify according to the principle of head casting, which in turn results in the best possible make-up.
- the invention further relates to castings which are produced by the method according to the invention and / or in the casting molds according to the invention.
- the method according to the invention is particularly suitable for the processing of light metal, in particular light metal alloys, such as aluminum alloys, the invention is not limited to use in light metal alloys, but other materials according to the invention can also be processed, including non-metallic materials.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Molds, Cores, And Manufacturing Methods Thereof (AREA)
- Casting Support Devices, Ladles, And Melt Control Thereby (AREA)
- Casting Devices For Molds (AREA)
Abstract
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf Verfahren zur Herstellung von Gegenständen in Formen, die Formen selbst und nach den Verfahren und/ oder in den Formen hergestellte Gegenstände.The invention relates to methods for producing objects in molds, the molds themselves and articles produced by the processes and / or in the molds.
Description
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Verfahren zur Verarbeitung eines Materials, welches von seinem festen Zustand zunächst in einen fließfähigen Zustand verbracht wird und anschließend in eine Form gegossen wird, in der das Material sodann zum Erstarren gebracht wird. Weiterhin bezieht sich die Erfindung auf Formen zur Durchführung des Verfahrens und auf Gegenstände, die nach den Verfahren und/ oder in solchen Formen hergestellt werden oder hergestellt worden sind.The invention relates to a method of processing a material, which is first of its solid state in a flowable state and then poured into a mold in which the material is then solidified. Furthermore, the invention relates to molds for carrying out the method and to articles which have been produced or produced by the processes and / or in such molds.
Als Gießverfahren, insbesondere als Schwerkraftgießverfahren, haben sich hauptsächlich vier Gießverfahren bewährt, nämlich der Bodenguss, der Seitenguss, der Kopfguss und der Kippguss, die zwar untereinander gegenseitig bestimmte Vorteile aufweisen, insgesamt jedoch allesamt bestimmte Nachteile haben.As a casting method, in particular as gravity casting, four casting methods have proven successful, namely the bottom casting, the side casting, the head casting and the tilting casting, which have mutually certain advantages, but all together have certain disadvantages.
So zum Beispiel ergibt der Bodenguss zwar die laminarste Formfüllung, jedoch befindet sich während des Erstarrungsprozesses das kälteste Material im genannten Speiser bzw. Steiger, also dem Vorratsraum, aus dem während des Erstarrens Material nachgespeist werden soll, so dass hier die Nachspeisung durch größere Speiserdimensionen gesichert werden muss.
Beim Seitenguss ist zwar relativ heißes Material im Speiser, jedoch ergibt sich eine turbulentere Formfüllung als beim Bodenguss.Thus, for example, the bottom casting results in the most laminar mold filling, however, during the solidification process, the coldest material is in the mentioned feeder or riser, ie the storage space from which material is to be fed during solidification, so that here the make-up is ensured by larger feeder dimensions must become.
While the side casting is relatively hot material in the feeder, however, results in a more turbulent mold filling than the bottom casting.
Beim Kopfguss ist zwar das heißeste Material im Steiger oder Speiser, so dass zwar eine gute Nachspeisung bei geringstem Speiservolumen erfolgt, aber die Qualität der Gussteile in Abhängigkeit von der Füllhöhe durch Turbulenzen sich verschlechtert.While head casting is the hottest material in the riser or feeder, so that although a good make-up with the lowest feed volume, but the quality of the castings depending on the filling level deteriorated by turbulence.
Beim Kippguss, bei dem sich ebenfalls das heißeste Material im Speiser befindet, entstehen nicht gewollte Verwirbelungen und Fließlinien auf der Gussteiloberfläche. Die Fließrichtung des flüssigen Materials wird von der Kontur des Gussteiles bestimmt und führt damit zu Überhitzungsbereichen in der Form und damit auch im Gussteil.In the case of tilted casting, which also contains the hottest material in the feeder, unintended turbulences and flow lines are created on the casting surface. The flow direction of the liquid material is determined by the contour of the casting and thus leads to overheating areas in the mold and thus also in the casting.
Die Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung bestand darin, die Nachteile der bisher bekannten Gießverfahren zu vermeiden und Verfahren zum Verarbeiten von Materialien zu schaffen, die bei optimaler laminarer wirbelungsfreier Formfüllung auch eine optimale Nachspeisung durch das heißeste Metall aus einem Vorratsraum und damit kleinere Vorrats- bzw. Speiservolumen ermöglichen. Außerdem sollen Überhitzungen von konturbedingten Materialanhäufungen vermieden werden und Kreislauf-, Material-, Energie-, Transport- und Zerspanungsleistung eingespart werden. Weiterhin soll die Herstellung von großflächigen und komplizierten Gussteilen vereinfacht und damit verbilligt werden. Ein weiterer Aufgabenaspekt bestand in der Schaffung von entsprechenden Gussformen zur rationellen und qualitativ hochwertigen Herstellung von Gussteilen.The object of the present invention was to avoid the disadvantages of the previously known casting methods and to provide methods for processing materials which, with optimal laminar vortex-free mold filling and optimal Nachspeisung by the hottest metal from a storage room and thus smaller storage or feeder volume enable. In addition, overheating of contour-related accumulations of material should be avoided and cycle, material, energy, transport and cutting performance should be saved. Furthermore, the production of large-scale and complicated castings should be simplified and thus cheapened. Another task aspect was the creation of appropriate casting molds for the rational and high quality production of castings.
Gemäß der Erfindung zeichnet sich zunächst das Verfahren zum Verarbeiten von Materialien durch Verbringen derselben in einen fließfähigen Zustand und Einbringen in eine Form dadurch aus, dass das Einbringen in die Form nach dem Prinzip des Bodengusses und die Erstarrung nach dem Prinzip des Kopfgusses erfolgt. Mit anderen Worten, es wird zunächst das Material durch Erhitzen in einen fließfähigen Zustand gebracht und in eine Gussform bzw. in den Formhohlraum oder Kavität nach dem Prinzip des Bodengusses eingebracht und die Erstarrung erfolgt nach dem Prinzip des Kopfgusses/ Kippgusses.According to the invention, the process for processing materials by introducing them into a flowable state and introducing them into a mold is first characterized in that the introduction into the mold takes place according to the principle of the bottom casting and the solidification according to the principle of the head casting. In other words, it is first brought the material by heating in a flowable state and introduced into a mold or in the mold cavity or cavity according to the principle of the bottom casting and the solidification is carried out according to the principle of Kopfgusses / Kippgusses.
Dabei erfolgt das Einbringen des Materials in die Kavität der Gießform von unten her durch einen Gießlauf nach Art des Bodengusses, indem die Schmelze zunächst von oben in einen zumindest zum Teil höher als die Kavität liegenden Eingusstümpel, von dort durch einen nach unten führenden Einlauf, dann über eine Krümmung - den Zulauf - nach oben in einen unterhalb der Kavität liegenden Vorratsraum und durch dessen Auslauf in die Kavität eingebracht wird und das Erstarren erfolgt sodann mit dem Vorratsraum nach oben nach Art des Kopfgusses, indem vor dem Erstarren des Materials die Form verschwenkt wird, so dass dann der Vorratsraum die Speiser- bzw. Steigerfunktion übernimmt.The introduction of the material into the cavity of the mold from below by a casting run on the type of bottom casting by the melt first from above into an at least partially higher than the cavity lying Eingußümpel, from there through a downwardly leading inlet, then about a curvature - the inlet - upwards into a storage space located below the cavity and is introduced through the outlet into the cavity and the solidification then takes place with the pantry upwards in the manner of Kopfgusses by before the solidification of the material, the mold is pivoted so that then the storage space takes over the feeder or Steigerfunktion.
Um das Auslaufen der Schmelze aus dem Eingusstümpel während des Verschwenkens und danach zu vermeiden, kann es vorteilhaft sein, wenn ein im Gießlauf vor der Kavität - in Flussrichtung der Schmelze gesehen - liegender Schieber vor oder während des Verschwenkens der Form rechtzeitig aktiviert wird.In order to prevent the melt from flowing out of the pouring basin during pivoting and after that, it can be advantageous if a slide lying in the casting run in front of the cavity - in the flow direction of the melt - is activated in good time before or during the pivoting of the mold.
Statt eines Schiebers kann aber auch ein Verschluss auf dem Eingussfiümpel vorgesehen sein, der vor dem Verschwenken aktiviert wird.Instead of a slider but can also be provided on the Eingußfiümpel a closure, which is activated before pivoting.
Zweckmäßig ist es dabei, wenn das Verschwenken der Form um eine Achse erfolgt, die zumindest annähernd parallel zu der Trennfugen- Ebene bzw. zu den Trennfugen- Ebenen der Form verläuft.It is expedient here if the pivoting of the mold takes place about an axis which runs at least approximately parallel to the parting plane or to the parting plane of the mold.
Es kann weiterhin von Vorteil sein, wenn die Kavität und der Gießlauf und damit auch die Trennfuge(n) bzw. Trennfuge(n)- Ebene(n) zueinander in einem Winkel vorgesehen bzw. angeordnet sind. Es kann dabei entweder der Gießlauf oder die Kavität schräg verlaufen, es kann aber auch sowohl Kavität als auch Gießlauf in einem schrägen Winkel zur Waagrechten angeordnet sein, wobei Kavität und Gießlauf zueinander einen stumpfen Winkel einschließen können. Es können aber auch Kavität und/ oder Gießlauf einen flachen Winkel zur Horizontalen einnehmen.It can also be advantageous if the cavity and the run and thus also the parting line (s) or parting line (s) - level (s) are provided or arranged at an angle to each other. It may be either the casting run or the cavity run obliquely, but it can also be both cavity and run at an oblique angle to the horizontal, wherein the cavity and run to each other can include an obtuse angle. However, it is also possible for the cavity and / or the casting run to occupy a shallow angle to the horizontal.
Dabei kann es besonders vorteilhaft sein, wenn Kavität und Gießlauf in einem derartigen Winkel zueinander vorgesehen sind und um einen derartigen Winkel gemeinsam verschwenkt werden und in einer derartigen Richtung, dass bei Erreichen einer Position des Vorratsraumes , in der dieser die Funktion des Steigers bzw. Speisers übernehmen kann, der Gießlauf die Horizontale noch nicht erreicht hat, wobei es ganz besonders vorteilhaft ist, wenn die Verschwenkung der Form in einer Richtung erfolgt, derart, dass der Gießlauf voreilt, so dass in der Erstarrungsposition der Gießlauf zumindest leicht nach oben weist und ein Auslaufen der Schmelze aus dem Vorratsraum, der dann, wie bereits erwähnt, als Steiger oder Speiser wirkt, nicht möglich ist.It may be particularly advantageous if cavity and run are provided at such an angle to each other and are pivoted together at such an angle and in such a direction that upon reaching a position of the storage space in which this the function of the riser or feeder can take over, the casting run has not reached the horizontal, it is particularly advantageous if the pivoting of the mold takes place in one direction, such that the casting run leads, so that in the solidification position of the run at least slightly upwards and a Leakage of the melt from the pantry, which then, as already mentioned, acts as a riser or feeder is not possible.
Eine Weiterbildung der Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Gießform bzw. Kokille, die unterhalb der Kavität einen Vorratsraum aufweist, in den der Gießlauf mündet, wobei der in den Vorrafisbehälter mündende Bereich des Gießlaufes einen Abschnitt - den Zulauf - aufweist, der tiefer liegt als der Vorratsbehälter.A development of the invention relates to a mold or mold, which has a reservoir below the cavity into which the pouring leads, wherein the area of the run leading into the Vorrafis container has a section - the inlet - which is lower than the reservoir.
Die Gießform kann sich weiterhin dadurch auszeichnen, dass die Kavität und der Gießlauf zueinander nicht parallel vorgesehen sind, sondern in einem Winkel zueinander liegen. Dabei kann die Gießform bzw. Kokille derart ausgebildet sein, dass beide, also Kavität als auch Gießlauf, geneigt sind, wobei sie zueinander einen stumpfen Winkel bilden können. Der Winkel kann derart gewählt sein, dass bei einem Verschwenken der Form in die Position, in der der Vorratsraum über der Kavität zu liegen kommt - der Erstarrungsposition - und der Vorratsraum als Speiser bzw. Steiger wirken kann, der Gießlauf sich in einer das Auslaufen von Schmelze aus dem Vorratsraum vermeidenden Position befindet, indem dieser zumindest mit einem Teilbereich gegenüber der Horizontalen zumindest leicht nach oben ragt. Vorteilhaft ist eine derartige Ausbildung der Gießform, dass Kavität und Gießlauf derart zueinander angeordnet sind und die Form derart verschwenkt wird, dass der Gießlauf voreilt.The mold may further be characterized in that the cavity and the run are not provided parallel to each other, but at an angle to each other. In this case, the mold or mold may be formed such that both, ie cavity and run, are inclined, wherein they can form an obtuse angle to each other. The angle can be chosen such that upon pivoting of the mold into the position in which the storage space comes to lie over the cavity - the solidification position - and the storage space can act as a feeder or riser, the casting run in a the leakage of Melt from the storage space avoiding position by this at least slightly protrudes with respect to the horizontal, at least slightly upwards. Such a design of the casting mold is advantageous in that the cavity and the casting run are arranged relative to one another and the shape is pivoted in such a way that the casting run leads.
Die verschwenkbare Gießform, bei der die sowohl den Gießlauf als auch den Vorratsraum und die Kavität umgebende Formenhälften durch entsprechende Trennfugen voneinander getrennt sind, ist zweckmäßigerweise derart ausgebildet, dass die Verschwenkung um eine Achse erfolgt, die zumindest annähernd parallel zur Ebene der Trennfugen-Ebene verläuft.The pivotable mold, in which the mold halves surrounding both the casting run and the reservoir and the cavity are separated by corresponding parting lines, is expediently designed such that the pivoting takes place about an axis which extends at least approximately parallel to the plane of the parting plane ,
Diese Gießform ist - mit dem Vorratsbehälter nach unten - nach dem Bodengussprinzip mit Schmelze befüllbar, wobei der Vorratsraum sich unterhalb der Kavität befindet und in der verschwenkten Gießform erfolgt das Erstarren der Schmelze - mit dem dann als Speiser bzw. Steiger wirksamen Vorratsraum nach oben.This mold is - with the reservoir down - filled according to the bottom casting principle with melt, the reservoir is located below the cavity and in the pivoted mold, the solidification of the melt - with the then acting as feeder or riser pantry upwards.
Um das Auslaufen von Schmelze während oder nach dem Verschwenken zu vermeiden, kann es auch vorteilhaft sein, wenn die Gießform auf dem Eingusstümpel einen Verschluss aufweist oder im Bereich des Gießlaufes ein Schieber vorgesehen, wobei Verschluss oder Schieber vor oder rechtzeitig während des Verschwenkens betätigt werden.In order to prevent the leakage of melt during or after the pivoting, it may also be advantageous if the casting mold has a closure on the pouring basin or a slide is provided in the region of the casting run, wherein the closure or slide is actuated before or in time during pivoting.
Die Erfindung betrifft darüber hinaus Gusserzeugnisse, die nach dem erfinderischen Verfahren und/ oder mittels der erfindungsgemäßen Gießformen hergestellt werden bzw. worden sind, wobei diese Gusserzeugnisse in besonders zweckmäßig und vorteilhafter Weise nach dem Schwerkraftverfahren hergestellte Leichtmetall- wie insbesondere Aluminiumlegierungen - bestehen.The invention also relates to castings which are produced by the inventive method and / or by means of the casting molds according to the invention, these castings in a particularly expedient and advantageous manner by gravity produced light metal, in particular aluminum alloys - exist.
Anhand der
Dabei zeigen die
Es zeigt die
-
Figur 1 schematisch das Gussverfahren nach dem so genannten Bodenguss, -
das Gießverfahren nach dem Seitenguss,Figur 2 -
Figur 3 das Gießverfahren nach dem Kopfguss und -
Figur 4 das Gießverfahren nach dem Kippguss.
-
FIG. 1 schematically the casting process after the so-called bottom casting, -
FIG. 2 the casting process after the side casting, -
FIG. 3 the casting process after the head casting and -
FIG. 4 the casting process after the dumping.
Bei den
Bei jeder der
Beim Bodenguss, beim Seitenguss und beim Kopfguss gemäß den
Beim Bodenguss und bei Seitenguss gemäß den
Es ist ersichtlich, dass beim Bodenguss gemäß
Beim Seitenguss gemäß
In the side casting according to
Beim Kopfguss gemäß
Beim Kippguss gemäß
Beim Gießen im Kippgießverfahren gemäß
Beim Bodenguss gemäß
Bei der vorliegenden Erfindung, die zunächst anhand der
Dabei erfolgt gemäß
In
In vielen Fällen wird es unerheblich sein, ob in der Position der
Es kann zweckmäßig sein, wenn die Kokille 1 E zwischen derjenigen Position, die sie einnimmt, kurz bevor sie sich in der in
Die Verschwenkung kann aber auch um eine andere als die hier gezeigte waagrechte bzw. horizontale bzw. zumindest annähernd parallel zur Ebene der Trennfuge 10 verlaufende Achse verschwenkt werden, beispielsweise zumindest annähernd um die senkrecht dazu verlaufende Achse III. Dabei kann es vorteilhaft sein, wenn die Verschwenkung in Richtung des Pfeiles III' erfolgt, so dass der Gießlauf bzw. der Eingusstümpel vorläuft und Schmelze bis zum Erreichen einer Stellung mit dem Vorratsbehälter 9 nach oben zumindest aus diesem nicht auslaufen kann. Die Verschwenkung kann aber auch um andere Achsen oder Kurven erfolgen als die dargestellten, zum Beispiel um aus den gezeigten Achsen zusammengesetzte Achsen oder Kurven; bei Verwendung eines Verschlusses oder Schiebers ist die Drehrichtung in Bezug auf das Auslaufen von Schmelze aus dem Gießlauf weniger ausschlaggebend.However, the pivoting can also be pivoted about a horizontal or horizontal or at least approximately parallel to the plane of the parting line 10 extending axis, for example, at least approximately to the axis extending perpendicular thereto III. It may be advantageous if the pivoting takes place in the direction of the arrow III ', so that the casting run or the pouring pond precedes and melt until it reaches a position with the
Bei den
Es ist wieder erkennbar der Eingusstümpel 23 und der gekrümmte Zulauf 24, der in den Vorratsraum 25 einmündet und dieser geht über einen Auslauf 26 in die Kavität über. Kavität 20, der Vorratsraum 25 und Zulauf 24 können so zueinander angeordnet sein, dass der Zulauf 24 tiefer liegt als der Vorratsraum 25 und dieser wiederum tiefer liegt als die Kavität 20. In manchen Fällen kann es aber auch vorteilhaft oder ausreichend sein, wenn der Zulauf 24 nicht unterhalb des Vorratsraumes 25 gelegt ist. In den
Nach dem Einbringen der Schmelze und rechtzeitig vor dem Erstarren derselben wird die Form 30 verschwenkt in die in
Die Verschwenkung ist dabei so weit erfolgt, dass der Einlauf 22 die Horizontale 34 noch nicht ganz erreicht hat, es kann also keine oder nur wenig Schmelze auslaufen.The pivoting is done so far that the
Es ist ersichtlich, dass das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren bzw. die erfindungsgemäßen Gussformen das Giessen nach dem Prinzip des Bodengusses mit einer gegenüber den anderen Gussverfahren optimalen laminaren Formfüllung ermöglicht und das Erstarren nach dem Prinzip des Kopfgusses, was wiederum die bestmögliche Nachspeisung ergibt.It can be seen that the method according to the invention or the casting molds according to the invention make it possible to cast according to the principle of bottom casting with a laminar mold filling that is optimal in comparison with the other casting methods and solidify according to the principle of head casting, which in turn results in the best possible make-up.
Die Erfindung bezieht sich weiterhin auf Gussteile, die nach dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren und/ oder in den erfindungsgemäßen Gussformen hergestellt werden. Obwohl sich das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren besonders für die Verarbeitung von Leichtmetall, insbesondere Leichtmetall-Legierungen, wie Aluminiumlegierungen, eignet, ist die Erfindung nicht beschränkt auf die Verwendung bei Leichtmetall-Legierungen, sondern es können auch andere Materialien gemäß der Erfindung verarbeitet werden, also auch nichtmetallische Werkstoffe.The invention further relates to castings which are produced by the method according to the invention and / or in the casting molds according to the invention. Although the method according to the invention is particularly suitable for the processing of light metal, in particular light metal alloys, such as aluminum alloys, the invention is not limited to use in light metal alloys, but other materials according to the invention can also be processed, including non-metallic materials.
- 1A bis 1D1A to 1D
- Gussformmold
- 1a bis 1e1a to 1e
- Kavitätcavity
- 2a bis 2d2a to 2d
- Speiser/ SteigerFeeder / riser
- 2d'2d '
- Behältercontainer
- 33
- Pfeilarrow
- 4a-4d4a-4d
- Eingusstümpelpour cup
- 5a,5b,5c5a, 5b, 5c
- Gießlaufrunner
- 66
- Einlaufenema
- 7,7a7,7a
- ZulaufIntake
- 8,8a8,8a
- Auslaufoutlet
- 99
- Vorratsbehälterreservoir
- II
- Achseaxis
- 1010
- Trennfugeparting line
- 1 E1 E
- Kokille (Gussform)Mold (mold)
- 1E', 1E"1E ', 1E "
- Formenhälftenmold halves
- 1111
- Verschlußshutter
- 1212
- Schieberpusher
- 2020
- Kavitätcavity
- 2121
- Gießlaufrunner
- 2222
- Einlaufenema
- 2323
- Eingußtümpelpour cup
- 2424
- ZulaufIntake
- 2525
- Vorratsraumpantry
- 2626
- Winkelangle
- 27,2827.28
- Winkelangle
- 2929
- HorizontalebeneWL
- 3030
- Formshape
- 3131
- Achseaxis
- 3232
- Trennfugeparting line
- 3333
- Schwenkrichtungpan direction
Claims (16)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102006058145A DE102006058145A1 (en) | 2006-12-09 | 2006-12-09 | Method for processing, in particular casting, a material, casting mold for carrying out the method and articles produced by the method or in the casting mold |
EP07846382.5A EP2121219B9 (en) | 2006-12-09 | 2007-12-04 | Method for casting a metal and casting mold for casting a metal |
Related Parent Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP07846382.5A Division-Into EP2121219B9 (en) | 2006-12-09 | 2007-12-04 | Method for casting a metal and casting mold for casting a metal |
EP07846382.5A Division EP2121219B9 (en) | 2006-12-09 | 2007-12-04 | Method for casting a metal and casting mold for casting a metal |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2842660A1 true EP2842660A1 (en) | 2015-03-04 |
Family
ID=39226740
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP14177570.0A Withdrawn EP2842660A1 (en) | 2006-12-09 | 2007-12-04 | Method for processing, in particular casting, a material, casting mould for carrying out the method, and objects produced according to the method or in the casting mould |
EP07846382.5A Active EP2121219B9 (en) | 2006-12-09 | 2007-12-04 | Method for casting a metal and casting mold for casting a metal |
Family Applications After (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP07846382.5A Active EP2121219B9 (en) | 2006-12-09 | 2007-12-04 | Method for casting a metal and casting mold for casting a metal |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US8763677B2 (en) |
EP (2) | EP2842660A1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN101594950B (en) |
DE (1) | DE102006058145A1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2552009T3 (en) |
HU (1) | HUE026352T2 (en) |
PL (1) | PL2121219T3 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2008071152A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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DE102006058145A1 (en) * | 2006-12-09 | 2008-06-12 | Ksm Castings Gmbh | Method for processing, in particular casting, a material, casting mold for carrying out the method and articles produced by the method or in the casting mold |
DE102009026450B4 (en) * | 2009-05-25 | 2012-12-06 | Federal-Mogul Nürnberg GmbH | Casting device and method, in particular for pistons of internal combustion engines |
DE102010023644A1 (en) * | 2009-07-01 | 2011-01-05 | Ksm Castings Gmbh | Method for casting a material, use of the method, casting mold for carrying out the method and articles produced by the method or in the casting mold and core for insertion into such a casting mold |
EP2448698B1 (en) * | 2009-07-03 | 2017-06-07 | KSM Castings Group GmbH | Device and its use as well as gutter for tilt-casting of cast components |
DE102012207090A1 (en) * | 2012-04-27 | 2013-10-31 | Federal-Mogul Nürnberg GmbH | Casting method and tool |
WO2015114659A2 (en) * | 2014-01-22 | 2015-08-06 | 3D Foundry Tech Pvt. Ltd. | A system and method for design analysis for metal casting design |
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-
2006
- 2006-12-09 DE DE102006058145A patent/DE102006058145A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2007
- 2007-12-04 EP EP14177570.0A patent/EP2842660A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2007-12-04 WO PCT/DE2007/002176 patent/WO2008071152A1/en active Application Filing
- 2007-12-04 PL PL07846382T patent/PL2121219T3/en unknown
- 2007-12-04 EP EP07846382.5A patent/EP2121219B9/en active Active
- 2007-12-04 HU HUE07846382A patent/HUE026352T2/en unknown
- 2007-12-04 US US12/448,123 patent/US8763677B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2007-12-04 CN CN200780045554.1A patent/CN101594950B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2007-12-04 ES ES07846382.5T patent/ES2552009T3/en active Active
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2014
- 2014-06-16 US US14/305,583 patent/US20140308160A1/en not_active Abandoned
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DE4304622A1 (en) * | 1993-02-16 | 1994-08-18 | Bruehl Aluminiumtechnik | Process for filling a mold |
WO2004039516A1 (en) * | 2002-10-30 | 2004-05-13 | Castalloy Manufacturing Pty Ltd | Apparatus and method for low pressure sand casting |
DE202004020881U1 (en) * | 2004-09-06 | 2006-03-16 | Hydro Aluminium Alucast Gmbh | Metal casting apparatus comprises mold mounted above tank of molten metal, melt being fed upwards into mold, e.g. by feeding gas at high pressure into tank, and mold opening being closed and mold rotated about central axis |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP2121219B2 (en) | 2019-03-06 |
DE102006058145A1 (en) | 2008-06-12 |
PL2121219T3 (en) | 2016-01-29 |
US8763677B2 (en) | 2014-07-01 |
ES2552009T3 (en) | 2015-11-25 |
EP2121219A1 (en) | 2009-11-25 |
HUE026352T2 (en) | 2016-05-30 |
US20140308160A1 (en) | 2014-10-16 |
CN101594950B (en) | 2014-12-17 |
WO2008071152A1 (en) | 2008-06-19 |
EP2121219B1 (en) | 2015-09-02 |
EP2121219B9 (en) | 2019-05-29 |
CN101594950A (en) | 2009-12-02 |
US20100166596A1 (en) | 2010-07-01 |
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