EP2841722B1 - Camshaft having adjustable cams that can be oiled by means of pressure oil - Google Patents
Camshaft having adjustable cams that can be oiled by means of pressure oil Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2841722B1 EP2841722B1 EP13714252.7A EP13714252A EP2841722B1 EP 2841722 B1 EP2841722 B1 EP 2841722B1 EP 13714252 A EP13714252 A EP 13714252A EP 2841722 B1 EP2841722 B1 EP 2841722B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- cam
- outer shaft
- oil
- oil groove
- shaft
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Links
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 162
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000002706 hydrostatic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241001433879 Camarea Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002028 premature Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
- F01L1/02—Valve drive
- F01L1/04—Valve drive by means of cams, camshafts, cam discs, eccentrics or the like
- F01L1/047—Camshafts
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
- F01L1/34—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift
- F01L1/344—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L13/00—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations
- F01L13/0015—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque
- F01L13/0036—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque the valves being driven by two or more cams with different shape, size or timing or a single cam profiled in axial and radial direction
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
- F01L1/02—Valve drive
- F01L1/04—Valve drive by means of cams, camshafts, cam discs, eccentrics or the like
- F01L1/047—Camshafts
- F01L2001/0471—Assembled camshafts
- F01L2001/0473—Composite camshafts, e.g. with cams or cam sleeve being able to move relative to the inner camshaft or a cam adjusting rod
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L13/00—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations
- F01L13/0015—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque
- F01L13/0036—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque the valves being driven by two or more cams with different shape, size or timing or a single cam profiled in axial and radial direction
- F01L2013/0052—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque the valves being driven by two or more cams with different shape, size or timing or a single cam profiled in axial and radial direction with cams provided on an axially slidable sleeve
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L2810/00—Arrangements solving specific problems in relation with valve gears
- F01L2810/02—Lubrication
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an adjustable camshaft for the valve train of an internal combustion engine with an outer shaft, on which at least one first cam is arranged and connected rotationally fixed thereto, and with an outer shaft extending through the inner shaft, with which at least one second cam is rotationally connected, wherein the second cam rotationally fixed to the inner shaft has a cam bore and is rotatably mounted on a setting point on the outer shaft.
- Adjustable camshafts for the valve trains of internal combustion engines with phase-shiftable cams allow control of intake valves and exhaust valves of the engine at different timing without requiring an intake camshaft for the intake valves and a separate exhaust camshaft for the exhaust valves.
- the nested waves rotate around a common Rotation axis in the cylinder head and can be adjusted to each other via a control element in their phase position.
- an adjustable camshaft for the valve train of an internal combustion engine with an outer shaft and with an inner shaft which extends through the outer shaft.
- cams are arranged with this rotationally fixed, and further cams are rotationally connected to the inner shaft.
- oil is passed through a central bore in the inner shaft, and the oil passes through radially extending openings from the central bore in the inner shaft in the gap between the inner shaft and the outer shaft.
- the DE 10 2005 014 680 A1 shows a further adjustable camshaft for the valve train of an internal combustion engine with an outer shaft on which at least one first cam is arranged and connected rotationally fixed, and with an extending through the outer shaft inner shaft, with which at least one second cam is rotationally connected.
- a feed channel in the outer shaft is shown by way of example, which is located in a section of the outer shaft into which the inner shaft does not extend.
- This oil can pass through a filter shown by way of example in the gap between the inner shaft and the outer shaft, for example, an oil injection nozzle can be used as an oil supply device.
- the invention includes the technical teaching that at least one oil groove is introduced at the settling point in the outer shaft and / or in the inner wall of the cam bore, into the oil from a gap between the outer shaft and the inner shaft through at least one passage extending through the outer shaft is guided.
- the invention makes use of the possibility of supplying the slide bearing of the cams on the outer side of the outer shaft with oil from the gap between the inner shaft and the outer shaft. Since the oil in the gap between the inner shaft and the outer shaft is always guided under pressure through the gap, the oil can pass through the passage in the outer shaft due to the overpressure to finally lubricate the designed as a slide bearing arrangement of the second cam on the outer shaft ,
- oil can pass through the passage in the outer shaft to the at least one oil groove, thus at the settling point in the outer shaft and / or disposed in the inner wall of the cam bore, that the oil, which is guided through the passage in the oil groove, passes into the lubricating gap between the outer shaft and the cam bore.
- a lubrication arrangement is created, as it is used in hydrostatic sliding bearings, and the transported with at least slight overpressure in the oil groove oil passes automatically into the lubrication gap between the outer shaft and the cam bore.
- connection of the second cam with the inner shaft may be formed by a bolt which also pivots with the rotation of the inner shaft relative to the outer shaft.
- an at least circumferentially elongated bolt hole is provided in the outer shaft, and the passage for guiding the oil from the gap between the inner shaft and the outer shaft to the at least one oil groove may be formed by the bolt hole itself.
- a passage may be provided as a single bore, which extends radially through the outer shaft and opens in the setting for the arrangement of the second cam. The single bore extends radially through the outer shaft and the oil can pass from the gap between the inner shaft and the outer shaft in the sliding bearing of the second cam on the outside of the outer shaft.
- the provision of the oil in the circumferential gap between the inner shaft and the outer shaft can as shown in DE 197 57 540 B4 known to be provided via an axial central bore and branched off from this separate radial bores, which may be in the outer shaft in coincidence with the executed as a single bore radial passage. Furthermore, there is the possibility that the bore in the inner shaft, in which the bolt is received, has at least one bypass, passes through the oil from the axial central bore in the gap between the inner shaft and the outer shaft. If the oil supply through a central bore, so the bolt can also be designed by a central interruption in two parts, so as not to interrupt an axial oil flow through the central bore through the bolt.
- the introduced at the settling point in the outer shaft oil groove can be brought to the passage fluidly communicating, wherein the passage in particular relates to the bolt opening for passage of the bolt through the outer shaft.
- the oil can pass through the passage directly into the oil groove, wherein the second cam can extend in width across the passageway.
- the second cam may be designed as a collar cam with a cam collar, and the cam collar extends as a portion of the cam body over the passage in the outer shaft, and for example, the bolt between the inner shaft and the second cam may be inserted in the cam collar. If now oil from the gap between the inner shaft and the outer shaft through the passage, this is also set under oil pressure and the oil can continue to get into the oil groove, which is brought to the passage and thus formed with this fluidly communicating.
- the oil groove may be formed as an extended part or extended portion of the bolt hole.
- the bolt opening may have both an elongated extension in the circumferential direction of the outer shaft and also an elongated extension in the direction of the axis of rotation of the camshaft.
- a degenerate oil groove is formed, which is carried out uniformly with the corresponding enlarged and, for example, approximately rectangular bolt opening.
- the oil groove which may be introduced in the outer side of the outer shaft or in the inner wall of the cam bore of the second cam, may extend in its longitudinal extent parallel to the axis of rotation of the camshaft or the oil groove extends obliquely to the axis of rotation.
- the oil groove may be configured so that the sliding gap between the outer shaft and the cam hole in the cam is not supplied with pressure oil only at a position.
- a circumferential oil groove may be incorporated in the outer shaft and / or in the cam bore.
- the groove running in the circumferential direction can communicate fluidically, for example, with at least one oil groove running longitudinally or obliquely to the axis of rotation, for example, the oil groove can communicate in the oil groove extending in the circumferential direction pass.
- a first oil groove is supplied with oil from the gap between the inner shaft and the outer shaft, the oil first passes through the passage in the outer shaft into the first oil groove and from there into the further oil groove extending in the circumferential direction.
- the oil groove in the context of the invention may also be formed directly by the groove extending in the circumferential direction, which is then supplied directly from the passage in the outer shaft without the interposition of at least one longitudinal or transverse to the axis of rotation extending first groove.
- the oil can be pressed under pressure into the gap between the outer shaft and the inner shaft, in particular, the pressurized oil can flow along the longitudinal direction of the axis of rotation or the oil can from a central bore in the inner shaft and at least one radial passage in the inner shaft in be guided the gap.
- the oil supply of the gap as in the DE 197 57 504 B4 be executed.
- the second cam may have a cam collar into which the oil groove may at least partially extend.
- the cam collar may form a cylindrical extension on a side surface of the second cam, so that increased by the larger width, the contact surface for forming the sliding bearing between the outer shaft and the cam bore.
- the bolt for connecting the second cam to the inner shaft may be preferably incorporated in the cam collar, so that the bolt opening in the outer shaft with respect to the setting point is preferably arranged in the portion of the cam bore formed by the cam collar.
- the oil groove may extend into the cam collar so that the oil passes from the bolt hole into the oil groove extending at least from the area of the cam flange into the area of the cam hole which is below the actual cam.
- the oil groove can be introduced at the position in the cam bore, which is located below the cam tip, since at this position an oil supply for lubricating the sliding gap is particularly required.
- a plurality of oil grooves may be provided in the setting of the outer shaft and / or in the cam bore, for example, a bolt for connecting the second cam with the inner shaft by two itself extending in the outer shaft located opposite bolt holes, and through each bolt opening, oil can get into a respective associated oil groove.
- FIG. 1 shows a portion of an adjustable camshaft 1 in a cross-sectional view.
- the camshaft 1 serves for the valve drive of an internal combustion engine and has a tubular outer shaft 10.
- an inner shaft 12 extends, so that between the inner shaft 12 and the outer shaft 10, a circumferential gap 25 is formed.
- the gap 25 is fully formed between the outer shaft 10 and the inner shaft 12, and in the gap 25 is pressed in a manner not shown in detail under pressure oil, as indicated by arrows.
- the oil can flow along the gap 25 and provide a lubricating action between the outer shaft 10 and the inner shaft 12.
- first cams are arranged, of which a first cam 11 is shown by way of example.
- a first cam 11 is shown by way of example.
- an exhaust valve of the internal combustion engine can be controlled.
- 10 second cams are arranged on the outer shaft, of which a second cam 13 is shown by way of example.
- the first cam 11 is rotationally connected to the outer shaft 10, for example by being pressed onto the outer shaft 10 or connected by a cohesive method with the outer shaft 10.
- the second cam 13 is rotationally connected to the inner shaft 12, and when the inner shaft 12 is rotated relative to the outer shaft 10 in its phase position, at the same time the second cam 13 is rotated relative to the first cam 11.
- the adjustable camshaft 1 rotate about its axis of rotation 27, wherein the angular position of the outer shaft 10 relative to the angular position of the inner shaft 12 can be adjusted.
- the timing of the intake valve may be changed from the timing of the exhaust valve by changing the angular position of the second cam 13 with respect to the first cam 11.
- a bearing ring 28 which is arranged firmly seated on the outside of the outer shaft 10.
- a bolt 26 which extends through the inner shaft 12 transversely to the axis of rotation 27 serves. With its end sides, the bolt 26 is connected to the second cam 13. there the bolt 26 extends through bolt openings 23 that form respective passages in the outer shaft 10.
- the bolt openings 23 are elongated in the circumferential direction of the outer shaft 10, so that the bolt 26 can pivot in the elongated bolt openings 23 when the inner shaft 12 is adjusted relative to the outer shaft 10 in its phase position about the rotation axis 27.
- the second cam 13 is mounted for this purpose by a sliding bearing on the outer shaft 10 and pivots so on the outer shaft slidably with the inner shaft 12th
- the outer shaft 10 is executed according to the embodiment shown with passages 22 which are formed as separate passages and which are located in the region of the outer shaft 10 on which the second cam 13 is rotatably received.
- passages 22 which are formed as separate passages and which are located in the region of the outer shaft 10 on which the second cam 13 is rotatably received.
- the pressure oil can pass from the gap 25 between the inner shaft 12 and the outer shaft 10 and get into oil grooves 16 which are introduced at the settling point of the second cam 13 in the outer shaft 10. This creates a hydrostatic lubricating effect of the sliding bearing gap of the second cam 13 on the outside of the outer shaft 10. Subsequently, the pressure oil can escape laterally from the sliding gap of the second cam 13 and the outer shaft 10.
- the wear of the settling point on which the second cam 13 is disposed on the outer shaft 10 can be minimized.
- the periodic pressure load of the cam 13 by the contact of the cam tip with a tap element results in increased wear, which can be minimized by the improved lubrication.
- FIG. 2 shows a perspective view of a portion of the outer shaft 10 according to the embodiment in FIG. 1 into which a passage 23 is introduced, which serves as a bolt opening 23 for the passage of the bolt 26. Also shown is a passage 22 which is formed separately from the bolt hole 23 separately and which opens into an oil groove 16 which is inserted in the outside of the outer shaft 10 and which extends along the axis of rotation 27 along.
- the oil groove 16 is arranged in the region of the setting point 15 in the outer shaft 10, in which the second cam 13 is arranged and has a correspondingly large need for lubricating oil.
- FIG. 3 shows an embodiment of an adjustable camshaft 1 with an outer shaft 10 and an inner shaft 12, wherein only a second cam 13 is shown by way of example, which is connected via the bolt 26 rotationally fixed to the inner shaft 12.
- the outer shaft 10 has two bolt openings 23, and according to the Aus colgungsbeispiel shown pressure oil from the gap 25 can pass through the bolt holes 23 in oil grooves 16, so that the bolt hole 23 already serves as a passage 23 for oil supply of the oil grooves 16, without requiring separate passages in the outer shaft 10.
- FIG. 4 shows in a perspective view a portion of the outer shaft 10 according to the embodiment in FIG. 3 , And the groove 16 is brought up to the edge of the bolt opening 23, which serves as a passage 23 for oil supply to the oil groove 16.
- the illustrated arrangement of the oil groove 16 with the bolt hole 23 may also be provided on the opposite side in the outer shaft 10, as in FIG FIG. 3 already shown.
- FIG. 5 shows a portion of another embodiment of a camshaft 1 with an outer shaft 10 and an inner shaft 12, wherein again only a second cam 13 is shown by way of example.
- the second cam 13 is rotationally connected to the inner shaft 12 via the bolt 26, wherein the bolt 26 passes through the outer shaft 10 with both ends through respective bolt openings 24.
- the bolt openings 24 are also used in this embodiment as passages 24, can pass through the pressure oil from the gap 25 into the sliding gap between the outer shaft 10 and the second cam 13.
- the bolt opening 24 is dimensioned in dimensions such that a first region of the bolt opening 24 serves for passage of the bolt 26, and a further region of the bolt opening 24 serves as an oil groove 17 for distributing the pressure oil in the sliding gap between the outer shaft 10 and the cam thirteenth
- the enlarged bolt hole 24 thus forms a degenerate oil groove 17, as the bolt hole 24 extends below the second cam 13.
- FIG. 6 shows a perspective view of a portion of the outer shaft 10 with a bolt hole 24 according to the embodiment in FIG. 5 that at the same time the oil groove 17 forms, so that the larger-sized bolt opening 24 serves both for passage of the bolt and to form an oil groove 17 for oil supply.
- FIG. 7 shows a further embodiment of an adjustable camshaft 1 with an outer shaft 10 and an inner shaft 12, and a bolt 26 is passed through passages 23 in the outer shaft 10.
- Shown is an oil groove 17, which is in direct fluidic contact with the passage 23, and which is formed as a lateral, pocket-like recess of the bolt opening 23.
- the thus formed oil groove 17 extends to below the second cam 13, so that the pressure oil passes through the bolt hole 23 and the oil groove 17 in the sliding gap between the outer shaft 10 and the second cam 13.
- FIG. 8 shows a perspective view of a portion of the outer shaft 10 with a bolt hole 23 according to the embodiment in FIG. 7 , and in the boundary of the bolt opening 23, the oil groove 17 is inserted as a pocket-like recess which forms a bulge in the bolt opening extending in the direction of the axis of rotation 27.
- FIG. 9 shows a further embodiment of an adjustable camshaft 1 in a cross-sectional view, and the cam 13 is connected via the pin 26 with the inner shaft 12 and mounted on the outside of the outer shaft 10.
- no oil groove is introduced, wherein the illustrated embodiment of the second cam 13 can be combined with an introduced in the cam bore 14 oil groove 18 with an introduced in the outer shaft 10 and above oil groove 16 and / or oil groove 17.
- the second cam 13 is formed with a cam collar 13a in which the bolt 26 is inserted.
- the oil groove 18 protrudes beyond the bolt opening 23 at least with one section, so that the pressure oil can pass from the gap 25 via the bolt opening 23 into the oil groove 18 introduced into the cam bore 14.
- the embodiment further shows an oil groove 21, the circumferential in the Cam bore 14 is introduced, as in FIG. 10c shown closer. If pressure oil on the oil groove 18 in the oil groove 21, so the sliding bearing between the outer shaft 10 and the cam bore 14 can be supplied with oil evenly.
- FIG. 10a shows in a perspective view a second cam 13 which has a cam collar 13a and thus forms a so-called collar cam.
- the cam collar 13a serves to receive the bolt 26, for which purpose bolt holes 29 are made. Adjacent to the bolt holes 29 are provided in the longitudinal axis extending oil grooves 18 in the inside of the cam bore 14 is introduced. Due to the adjacent arrangement of the oil grooves 18 to the pin bore 29 equally created an adjacent arrangement of the oil grooves 18 to the bolt hole 23 when the second cam 13 is disposed on the outer shaft 10. Consequently, the pressure oil can pass through the bolt opening 23 in the oil grooves 18 and these can extend in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the cam 13 from the cam collar 13a to below the actual cam area.
- FIG. 10b shows a variant of a second cam 13 without cam collar 13a, and by way of example, an oil groove 19 is provided, which is introduced in the inner wall of the cam bore 14 adjacent to the pin bore 29.
- Cams 13 of this type can also be connected with a bolt to the inner shaft 12, wherein the bolt can be inserted into a through hole in the cam belt and in an inner blind bore below the cam tip.
- FIG. 10c shows finally a further cam 13 with a cam collar 13a, and adjacent to the pin bore 29, an oil groove 18 is shown. Furthermore, in the cam bore 14, a circumferential oil groove 21 is introduced, which is in fluid communication with the longitudinally extending oil groove 18. If pressure oil is pressed via the oil groove 18 into the circumferential oil groove 21, then an improved, full-scale oil supply of the bearing gap for lubricating the cam 13 on the outer shaft can be ensured.
- FIG. 11 shows an embodiment of a camshaft 1 with an outer shaft 10 and an inner shaft 12 and in the manner already described is a second Cam 13 with a cam collar 13a via a bolt 26 rotationally connected to the inner shaft 12.
- oil grooves 18 are introduced, which extend from the cam portion into the cam collar 13a.
- the oil grooves 18 cover the bolt openings 23 in the outer shaft 10 and can thus be supplied with pressure oil.
- the embodiment further shows an oil groove 20, which is located in the outside of the outer shaft 10 and extends in the circumferential direction.
- the oil groove 20 can be supplied with pressure oil via the oil groove 18 and also distributed over the circumference in the cam bore 14 a plurality of oil grooves 18 may be introduced, which in turn transport the oil from the oil groove 20 into the lubrication gap between the outer shaft 10 and the cam 13.
- further structuring for example, introduced by blasting with glass beads or other particles or by laser structuring, may be provided in the cam bore 14, which is a reservoir for the under Make cam 13 guided oil.
- the structures may have a prismatic or dome-shaped shape.
- the oil groove 18 may be open to the end of the cam 13 or end in this, it would be preferable, however, that the oil groove 18 is closed with the advantage that a drainage of the oil from the groove 18 is difficult.
- FIG. 12 shows in a cross-sectional partial view of an embodiment of the camshaft 1 with an inner shaft 12 in which a central channel 30 is introduced to the oil supply, which extends along the axis of rotation 27. Oil from the central channel 30 can flow under pressure along the axis of rotation 27, in particular because the pin 26 is divided and divided into a first pin member 26a and a second pin member 26b, so that the central channel 30 is formed continuously and not by a continuous bolt 26 is interrupted.
- the oil can then enter the gap 25 from the central channel 30 into a gap between the bolt parts 26a, 26b and the bore, in which the bolt parts 26a, 26b are introduced in the inner shaft 12, and exemplarily via a passage 22 and an oil groove 16 Seat Lubricate the second cam 13 on the outer shaft 10, and distribute further through the bolt hole 23 under the cam 13.
- FIG. 13a shows an outer shaft 10 with a bolt opening 23 by way of example, wherein in FIG. 13a an oil groove 20 is inserted adjacent to the bolt hole 23 in the outside of the outer shaft 10, which according to the arrangement in FIG. 11 can be supplied with an oil groove 18 with oil.
- the oil groove 20 extends over a partial circumference of the outer shaft 10.
- FIG. 13b shows an outer shaft 10 with an oil groove 20 'which extends over the full circumference of the outer shaft 10 and can be supplied in the same way with pressurized oil through the oil groove 18, as in FIG. 11 shown.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Valve-Gear Or Valve Arrangements (AREA)
- Lubrication Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine verstellbare Nockenwelle für den Ventiltrieb einer Brennkraftmaschine mit einer Außenwelle, auf der wenigstens eine erste Nocke angeordnet und mit dieser verdrehfest verbunden ist, und mit einer sich durch die Außenwelle erstreckenden Innenwelle, mit der wenigstens eine zweite Nocke verdrehfest verbunden ist, wobei die mit der Innenwelle verdrehfest verbundene zweite Nocke eine Nockenbohrung aufweist und an einer Setzstelle auf der Außenwelle verdrehbar gelagert ist.The present invention relates to an adjustable camshaft for the valve train of an internal combustion engine with an outer shaft, on which at least one first cam is arranged and connected rotationally fixed thereto, and with an outer shaft extending through the inner shaft, with which at least one second cam is rotationally connected, wherein the second cam rotationally fixed to the inner shaft has a cam bore and is rotatably mounted on a setting point on the outer shaft.
Verstellbare Nockenwellen für die Ventiltriebe von Brennkraftmaschinen mit in ihrer Phasenlage gegeneinander verstellbaren Nocken ermöglichen die Steuerung von Einlassventilen und von Auslassventilen der Brennkraftmaschine mit unterschiedlichen Steuerzeiten, ohne dass für die Einlassventile eine Einlassnockenwelle und für die Auslassventile eine separate Auslassnockenwelle erforderlich ist. Die ineinander liegenden Wellen rotieren um eine gemeinsame Rotationsachse im Zylinderkopf und können über ein Steuerorgan in ihrer Phasenlage zueinander verstellt werden. Zwischen der Außenseite der Innenwelle und der Innenseite der rohrförmigen Außenwelle befindet sich ein Spalt, und es ist bekannt, zur Schmierung des Spaltes unter Druck stehendes Öl in den Spalt zu führen.Adjustable camshafts for the valve trains of internal combustion engines with phase-shiftable cams allow control of intake valves and exhaust valves of the engine at different timing without requiring an intake camshaft for the intake valves and a separate exhaust camshaft for the exhaust valves. The nested waves rotate around a common Rotation axis in the cylinder head and can be adjusted to each other via a control element in their phase position. There is a gap between the outside of the inner shaft and the inside of the tubular outer shaft, and it is known to guide pressurized oil into the gap to lubricate the gap.
Aus der
Die
Durch das Einbringen von Öl in den Spalt zwischen der Innenwelle und der Außenwelle kann eine sichere Schmierwirkung zwischen der Innenwelle und der Außenwelle sichergestellt werden, jedoch kann es in der Lageranordnung der mit der Innenwelle verbundenen zweiten Nocke auf der Außenseite der Außenwelle zu einer Unterversorgung mit Schmieröl kommen. Durch diesen unzureichenden Beölungszustand der auf der Außenwelle aufgenommenen verdrehbaren Nocken kann insbesondere unterhalb der Nockenkuppe ein erhöhter Verschleiß auftreten, der zu einem frühzeitigen Versagen der Nockwelle führen kann. Eine Abhilfe kann mit der Härtung der Oberfläche der Außenwelle erreicht werden, um eine Abnutzung der Oberfläche zu vermeiden, wobei die Härtung der Oberfläche jedoch mit hohem technischen Aufwand verbunden ist und weitere Kosten verursacht.By introducing oil into the gap between the inner shaft and the outer shaft, a secure lubricating action between the inner shaft and the outer shaft can be ensured, however, in the bearing assembly of the second cam connected to the inner shaft on the outer side of the outer shaft, there may be a shortage of lubricating oil come. Due to this insufficient oiling state of the recorded on the outer shaft rotatable cam In particular, below the cam tip increased wear can occur, which can lead to premature failure of the camshaft. A remedy can be achieved with the hardening of the surface of the outer shaft in order to avoid wear of the surface, but the curing of the surface is associated with high technical complexity and causes further costs.
Es ist daher die Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, eine verstellbare Nockenwelle für den Ventiltrieb einer Brennkraftmaschine mit einem minimierten Verschleiß zu schaffen, insbesondere ergibt sich die Aufgabe, eine verbesserte Ölversorgung der Lageranordnung der mit der Innenwelle verbundenen zweiten Nocken auf der Außenseite der Außenwelle zu schaffen.It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide an adjustable camshaft for the valve train of an internal combustion engine with a minimized wear, in particular, the task arises to provide an improved oil supply to the bearing assembly of the second cam connected to the inner cam on the outside of the outer shaft.
Diese Aufgabe wird ausgehend von einer verstellbaren Nockenwelle gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruches 1 in Verbindung mit den kennzeichnenden Merkmalen gelöst. Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind in den abhängigen Ansprüchen angegeben.This object is achieved on the basis of an adjustable camshaft according to the preamble of
Die Erfindung schließt die technische Lehre ein, dass an der Setzstelle in der Außenwelle und/oder in der Innenwand der Nockenbohrung wenigstens eine Ölnut eingebracht ist, in die Öl aus einem Spalt zwischen der Außenwelle und der Innenwelle durch wenigstens einen sich durch die Außenwelle erstreckenden Durchgang geführt ist.The invention includes the technical teaching that at least one oil groove is introduced at the settling point in the outer shaft and / or in the inner wall of the cam bore, into the oil from a gap between the outer shaft and the inner shaft through at least one passage extending through the outer shaft is guided.
Die Erfindung nutzt vorteilhaft die Möglichkeit, die Gleitlagerung der Nocken auf der Außenseite der Außenwelle durch Öl aus dem Spalt zwischen der Innenwelle und der Außenwelle zu versorgen. Da das Öl im Spalt zwischen der Innenwelle und der Außenwelle grundsätzlich unter Druck stehend durch den Spalt geführt wird, kann das Öl aufgrund des Überdrucks durch den Durchgang in der Außenwelle gelangen, um schließlich die als Gleitlagerung ausgebildete Anordnung der zweiten Nocken auf der Außenwelle zu schmieren.Advantageously, the invention makes use of the possibility of supplying the slide bearing of the cams on the outer side of the outer shaft with oil from the gap between the inner shaft and the outer shaft. Since the oil in the gap between the inner shaft and the outer shaft is always guided under pressure through the gap, the oil can pass through the passage in the outer shaft due to the overpressure to finally lubricate the designed as a slide bearing arrangement of the second cam on the outer shaft ,
Durch den Überdruck kann Öl durch den Durchgang in der Außenwelle an die wenigstens eine Ölnut gelangen, die so an der Setzstelle in der Außenwelle und/oder in der Innenwand der Nockenbohrung angeordnet ist, dass das Öl, das durch den Durchgang in die Ölnut geführt wird, in den Schmierspalt zwischen der Außenwelle und der Nockenbohrung gelangt. Damit wird eine Schmieranordnung geschaffen, wie diese bei hydrostatischen Gleitlagerungen Verwendung findet, und das mit wenigstens leichtem Überdruck in die Ölnut beförderte Öl gelangt selbstständig in den Schmierspalt zwischen der Außenwelle und der Nockenbohrung.Due to the overpressure, oil can pass through the passage in the outer shaft to the at least one oil groove, thus at the settling point in the outer shaft and / or disposed in the inner wall of the cam bore, that the oil, which is guided through the passage in the oil groove, passes into the lubricating gap between the outer shaft and the cam bore. Thus, a lubrication arrangement is created, as it is used in hydrostatic sliding bearings, and the transported with at least slight overpressure in the oil groove oil passes automatically into the lubrication gap between the outer shaft and the cam bore.
Die Verbindung der zweiten Nocke mit der Innenwelle kann durch einen Bolzen gebildet sein, der sich mit der Drehung der Innenwelle ebenfalls gegenüber der Außenwelle mit verschwenkt. Folglich ist eine wenigstens in Umfangsrichtung länglich ausgeführte Bolzenöffnung in der Außenwelle vorgesehen, und der Durchgang zur Führung des Öls vom Spalt zwischen der Innenwelle und der Außenwelle an die wenigstens eine Ölnut kann durch die Bolzenöffnung selbst gebildet sein. Zusätzlich oder alternativ kann ein Durchgang als Einzelbohrung vorgesehen sein, die sich radial durch die Außenwelle hindurch erstreckt und in der Setzstelle zur Anordnung der zweiten Nocke mündet. Die Einzelbohrung erstreckt sich dabei radial durch die Außenwelle und das Öl kann aus dem Spalt zwischen der Innenwelle und der Außenwelle in die Gleitlagerung der zweiten Nocke auf der Außenseite der Außenwelle gelangen.The connection of the second cam with the inner shaft may be formed by a bolt which also pivots with the rotation of the inner shaft relative to the outer shaft. As a result, an at least circumferentially elongated bolt hole is provided in the outer shaft, and the passage for guiding the oil from the gap between the inner shaft and the outer shaft to the at least one oil groove may be formed by the bolt hole itself. Additionally or alternatively, a passage may be provided as a single bore, which extends radially through the outer shaft and opens in the setting for the arrangement of the second cam. The single bore extends radially through the outer shaft and the oil can pass from the gap between the inner shaft and the outer shaft in the sliding bearing of the second cam on the outside of the outer shaft.
Die Bereitstellung des Öls im umlaufenden Spalt zwischen der Innenwelle und der Außenwelle kann wie aus der
Mit weiterem Vorteil kann die Ölnut als erweiterter Teil oder erweiterter Bereich der Bolzenöffnung ausgebildet sein. Beispielsweise kann die Bolzenöffnung sowohl eine längliche Erstreckung in Umfangsrichtung der Außenwelle und weiterhin auch eine längliche Erstreckung in Richtung zur Rotationsachse der Nockenwelle aufweisen. Somit ist eine entartete Ölnut gebildet, die mit der entsprechend vergrößerten und beispielsweise etwa rechteckigen Bolzenöffnung einheitlich ausgeführt ist.With further advantage, the oil groove may be formed as an extended part or extended portion of the bolt hole. For example, the bolt opening may have both an elongated extension in the circumferential direction of the outer shaft and also an elongated extension in the direction of the axis of rotation of the camshaft. Thus, a degenerate oil groove is formed, which is carried out uniformly with the corresponding enlarged and, for example, approximately rectangular bolt opening.
Die Ölnut, die in der Außenseite der Außenwelle oder in der Innenwand der Nockenbohrung der zweiten Nocke eingebracht sein kann, kann in ihrer Längserstreckung parallel zur Rotationsachse der Nockenwelle verlaufen oder die Ölnut verläuft schräg zur Rotationsachse. Insbesondere kann die Ölnut so ausgeführt sein, dass der Gleitspalt zwischen der Außenwelle und der Nockenbohrung in der Nocke nicht lediglich an einer Position mit Drucköl versorgt wird. Beispielsweise kann eine in Umfangsrichtung verlaufende Ölnut in der Außenwelle und/oder in der Nockenbohrung eingebracht sein. Die in Umfangsrichtung verlaufende Nut kann beispielsweise mit wenigstens einer längs- oder schräg zur Rotationsachse verlaufenden Ölnut fluidisch kommunizieren, beispielsweise kann die Ölnut in die in Umfangsrichtung verlaufende Ölnut übergehen. Wird eine erste Ölnut mit Öl aus dem Spalt zwischen der Innenwelle und der Außenwelle versorgt, so gelangt das Öl zunächst durch den Durchgang in der Außenwelle in die erste Ölnut und von dieser in die in Umfangsrichtung verlaufende weitere Ölnut. Selbstverständlich kann die Ölnut im Sinne der Erfindung auch direkt durch die in Umfangsrichtung verlaufende Ölnut gebildet sein, die dann ohne Zwischenschaltung wenigstens einer längs oder quer zur Rotationsachse verlaufenden ersten Nut direkt aus dem Durchgang in der Außenwelle versorgt wird.The oil groove, which may be introduced in the outer side of the outer shaft or in the inner wall of the cam bore of the second cam, may extend in its longitudinal extent parallel to the axis of rotation of the camshaft or the oil groove extends obliquely to the axis of rotation. In particular, the oil groove may be configured so that the sliding gap between the outer shaft and the cam hole in the cam is not supplied with pressure oil only at a position. For example, a circumferential oil groove may be incorporated in the outer shaft and / or in the cam bore. The groove running in the circumferential direction can communicate fluidically, for example, with at least one oil groove running longitudinally or obliquely to the axis of rotation, for example, the oil groove can communicate in the oil groove extending in the circumferential direction pass. When a first oil groove is supplied with oil from the gap between the inner shaft and the outer shaft, the oil first passes through the passage in the outer shaft into the first oil groove and from there into the further oil groove extending in the circumferential direction. Of course, the oil groove in the context of the invention may also be formed directly by the groove extending in the circumferential direction, which is then supplied directly from the passage in the outer shaft without the interposition of at least one longitudinal or transverse to the axis of rotation extending first groove.
Das Öl kann unter Druck stehend in den Spalt zwischen der Außenwelle und der Innenwelle gepresst werden, insbesondere kann das unter Druck stehende Öl entlang der Längsrichtung der Rotationsachse fließen oder das Öl kann aus einer Zentralbohrung in der Innenwelle und über wenigstens einen Radialkanal in der Innenwelle in den Spalt geführt werden. Beispielsweise kann die Ölversorgung des Spaltes wie in der
Die zweite Nocke kann einen Nockenbund aufweisen, in den sich die Ölnut wenigstens teilweise hinein erstrecken kann. Der Nockenbund kann einen zylindrischen Fortsatz an einer Seitenfläche der zweiten Nocke bilden, so dass sich durch die größere Breite die Kontaktfläche zur Bildung des Gleitlagers zwischen der Außenwelle und der Nockenbohrung vergrößert. Der Bolzen zur Verbindung der zweiten Nocke mit der Innenwelle kann bevorzugt im Nockenbund eingebracht sein, so dass auch die Bolzenöffnung in der Außenwelle mit Bezug auf die Setzstelle vorzugsweise in dem Abschnitt der Nockenbohrung angeordnet ist, der durch den Nockenbund gebildet ist. Folglich kann sich die Ölnut insbesondere bis in den Nockenbund hinein erstrecken, so dass das Öl von der Bolzenöffnung in die Ölnut gelangt, die sich wenigstens vom Bereich des Nockenbundes in den Bereich der Nockenbohrung hinein erstreckt, der unter der eigentlichen Nocke liegt. Mit besonderem Vorteil kann die Ölnut an der Position in der Nockenbohrung eingebracht sein, die sich unterhalb der Nockenkuppe befindet, da an dieser Position eine Ölversorgung zur Schmierung des Gleitspaltes besonders erforderlich ist. Auch können mehrere Ölnuten in der Setzstelle der Außenwelle und/oder in der Nockenbohrung vorgesehen sein, beispielsweise kann sich ein Bolzen zur Verbindung der zweiten Nocke mit der Innenwelle durch zwei sich gegenüberliegend in der Außenwelle befindende Bolzenöffnungen erstrecken, und durch jede Bolzenöffnung kann Öl in eine jeweils zugeordnete Ölnut gelangen.The second cam may have a cam collar into which the oil groove may at least partially extend. The cam collar may form a cylindrical extension on a side surface of the second cam, so that increased by the larger width, the contact surface for forming the sliding bearing between the outer shaft and the cam bore. The bolt for connecting the second cam to the inner shaft may be preferably incorporated in the cam collar, so that the bolt opening in the outer shaft with respect to the setting point is preferably arranged in the portion of the cam bore formed by the cam collar. Thus, in particular, the oil groove may extend into the cam collar so that the oil passes from the bolt hole into the oil groove extending at least from the area of the cam flange into the area of the cam hole which is below the actual cam. With particular advantage, the oil groove can be introduced at the position in the cam bore, which is located below the cam tip, since at this position an oil supply for lubricating the sliding gap is particularly required. Also, a plurality of oil grooves may be provided in the setting of the outer shaft and / or in the cam bore, for example, a bolt for connecting the second cam with the inner shaft by two itself extending in the outer shaft located opposite bolt holes, and through each bolt opening, oil can get into a respective associated oil groove.
Weitere, die Erfindung verbessernde Maßnahmen werden nachstehend gemeinsam mit der Beschreibung bevorzugter Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung anhand der Figuren näher dargestellt. Es zeigt:
Figur 1- eine perspektivische Darstellung eines ersten Ausführungsbeispiels einer in Längsrichtung geschnittenen Nockenwelle mit Durchgängen in der Außenwelle, die als separate Einzelbohrungen ausgeführt sind,
- Figur 2
- eine perspektivische Darstellung der Außenwelle gemäß dem Ausführungsbeispiel in
,Figur 1 - Figur 3
- ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel einer verstellbaren Nockenwelle mit Durchgängen in der Außenwelle, die durch Bolzenöffnungen gebildet sind,
- Figur 4
- eine perspektivische Darstellung der Außenwelle gemäß dem Ausführungsbeispiel in
Figur 3 , - Figur 5
- ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel einer verstellbaren Nockenwelle mit einer Außenwelle, in der vergrößerte Bolzenöffnungen eingebracht sind, die zugleich als Olnut dienen,
- Figur 6
- eine perspektivische Darstellung einer Außenwelle mit einer vergrößerten Bolzenöffnung gemäß dem Ausführungsbeispiel in
Figur 5 , - Figur 7
- ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel einer verstellbaren Nockenwelle mit Bolzenöffnungen, wobei eine Ölnut als seitliche Tasche in den jeweiligen Bolzenöffnungen ausgebildet ist,
- Figur 8
- eine perspektivische Darstellung einer Außenwelle mit einer als Tasche in der Bolzenöffnung ausgeführten Ölnut gemäß dem Ausführungsbeispiel in
Figur 7 , - Figur 9
- ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel einer verstellbaren Nockenwelle mit Ölnuten in der Nockenbohrung der Nocke,
- Figur 10a
- eine perspektivische Darstellung einer Nocke mit einem Nockenbund und mit in der Nockenbohrung eingebrachten Ölnuten,
- Figur 10b
- eine perspektivische Darstellung einer Nocke, die ohne Nockenbund ausgeführt ist, wobei eine Ölnut in der Nockenbohrung gezeigt ist,
- Figur 10c
- ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel einer Nocke mit einem Nockenbund sowie einer Ölnut, die in Umfangsrichtung in der Nockenbohrung verläuft und die mit zumindest einer in Längsrichtung eingebrachten Ölnut fluidisch kommuniziert,
Figur 11- eine quergeschnittene Seitenansicht eines weiteren Ausführungsbeispiels einer verstellbaren Nockenwelle mit einer Außenwelle, die eine umlaufende Ölnut aufweist,
Figur 12- eine quergeschnittene Seitenansicht mit einer Innenwelle, die einen Zentralkanal zur Ölversorgung aufweist,
Figur 13a- eine perspektivische Darstellung einer Außenwelle mit einer in Umfangsrichtung verlaufenden Ölnut, die sich über einen Teilumfang der Außenwelle erstreckt und
- Figur 13b
- eine perspektivische Ansicht eines weiteren Ausführungsbeispiels einer Außenwelle mit einer in Umfangsrichtung verlaufenden Ölnut, welche die Außenwelle vollumfänglich umschließt.
- FIG. 1
- 3 is a perspective view of a first embodiment of a longitudinally cut camshaft with passages in the outer shaft, which are designed as separate individual bores.
- FIG. 2
- a perspective view of the outer shaft according to the embodiment in
FIG. 1 . - FIG. 3
- Another embodiment of an adjustable camshaft with passages in the outer shaft, which are formed by bolt openings,
- FIG. 4
- a perspective view of the outer shaft according to the embodiment in
FIG. 3 . - FIG. 5
- a further embodiment of an adjustable camshaft with an outer shaft, are introduced in the enlarged bolt openings, which also serve as Olnut,
- FIG. 6
- a perspective view of an outer shaft with an enlarged bolt opening according to the embodiment in
FIG. 5 . - FIG. 7
- a further embodiment of an adjustable camshaft with bolt openings, wherein an oil groove is formed as a lateral pocket in the respective bolt openings,
- FIG. 8
- a perspective view of an outer shaft with a designed as a pocket in the bolt hole oil groove according to the embodiment in
FIG. 7 . - FIG. 9
- Another embodiment of an adjustable camshaft with oil grooves in the cam bore of the cam,
- FIG. 10a
- a perspective view of a cam with a cam collar and introduced in the cam bore oil grooves,
- FIG. 10b
- 3 is a perspective view of a cam that is designed without a cam collar, wherein an oil groove is shown in the cam bore,
- FIG. 10c
- a further embodiment of a cam having a cam collar and an oil groove which extends in the circumferential direction in the cam bore and which communicates fluidically with at least one longitudinally introduced oil groove,
- FIG. 11
- 4 is a cross-sectional side view of another embodiment of an adjustable camshaft with an outer shaft having a circumferential oil groove,
- FIG. 12
- a cross-sectional side view with an inner shaft having a central channel for oil supply,
- FIG. 13a
- a perspective view of an outer shaft having a circumferentially extending oil groove which extends over a partial circumference of the outer shaft and
- FIG. 13b
- a perspective view of another embodiment of an outer shaft having a circumferentially extending oil groove which surrounds the outer shaft in full.
Auf der Außenwelle 10 sind erste Nocken angeordnet, von denen eine erste Nocke 11 beispielhaft gezeigt ist. Beispielsweise kann mit der ersten Nocke 11 ein Auslassventil der Brennkraftmaschine gesteuert werden. Weiterhin sind auf der Außenwelle 10 zweite Nocken angeordnet, von denen eine zweite Nocke 13 beispielhaft gezeigt ist. Die erste Nocke 11 ist verdrehfest mit der Außenwelle 10 verbunden, beispielsweise indem dieser auf der Außenwelle 10 aufgepresst oder durch ein stoffschlüssiges Verfahren mit der Außenwelle 10 verbunden ist. Die zweite Nocke 13 ist verdrehfest mit der Innenwelle 12 verbunden, und wenn die Innenwelle 12 gegenüber der Außenwelle 10 in ihrer Phasenlage verdreht wird, wird zugleich die zweite Nocke 13 gegenüber der ersten Nocke 11 verdreht. Dabei kann die verstellbare Nockenwelle 1 um Ihre Rotationsachse 27 rotieren, wobei die Winkellage der Außenwelle 10 gegenüber der Winkellage der Innenwelle 12 verstellt werden kann. Wirkt die erste Nocke beispielsweise mit einem Auslassventil und die zweite Nocke 13 beispielsweise mit einem Einlassventil zusammen, so kann die Steuerzeit des Einlassventils gegenüber der Steuerzeit des Auslassventils durch Verändern der Winkellage der zweiten Nocke 13 gegenüber der ersten Nocke 11 verändert werden. Weiterhin gezeigt ist ein Lagerring 28, der auf der Außenseite der Außenwelle 10 fest sitzend angeordnet ist.On the
Um die zweite Nocke 13 verdrehfest mit der Innenwelle 12 zu verbinden, dient ein Bolzen 26, der sich quer zur Rotationsachse 27 durch die Innenwelle 12 erstreckt. Mit seinen Endseiten ist der Bolzen 26 mit der zweiten Nocke 13 verbunden. Dabei erstreckt sich der Bolzen 26 durch Bolzenöffnungen 23, die jeweilige Durchgänge in der Außenwelle 10 bilden. Die Bolzenöffnungen 23 sind in Umfangsrichtung der Außenwelle 10 länglich ausgebildet, so dass der Bolzen 26 in den länglichen Bolzenöffnungen 23 verschwenken kann, wenn die Innenwelle 12 gegenüber der Außenwelle 10 in ihrer Phasenlage um die Rotationsachse 27 verstellt wird. Die zweite Nocke 13 ist hierfür durch eine Gleitlagerung auf der Außenwelle 10 gelagert und verschwenkt so auf der Außenwelle abgleitend mit der Innenwelle 12.In order to rotationally connect the
Die Außenwelle 10 ist gemäß dem gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel mit Durchgängen 22 ausgeführt, die als separate Durchgänge gebildet sind und die sich in dem Bereich der Außenwelle 10 befinden, auf dem die zweite Nocke 13 drehbar aufgenommen ist. Durch die Durchgänge 22 kann das Drucköl aus dem Spalt 25 zwischen der Innenwelle 12 und der Außenwelle 10 hindurchtreten und in Ölnuten 16 gelangen, die an der Setzstelle der zweiten Nocke 13 in der Außenwelle 10 eingebracht sind. Damit wird eine hydrostatische Schmierwirkung des Gleitlagerspaltes der zweiten Nocke 13 auf der Außenseite der Außenwelle 10 geschaffen. Anschließend kann das Drucköl seitlich aus dem Gleitspalt der zweiten Nocke 13 und der Außenwelle 10 austreten. Durch das in den Lagerspalt der zweiten Nocke 13 und der Außenwelle 10 eingebrachte Drucköl kann der Verschleiß der Setzstelle, auf der die zweite Nocke 13 auf der Außenwelle 10 angeordnet ist, minimiert werden. Insbesondere durch die periodische Druckbelastung der Nocke 13 durch den Kontakt der Nockenkuppe mit einem Abgriffelement entsteht ein erhöhter Verschleiß, der durch die verbesserte Schmierung minimiert werden kann.The
Die zweite Nocke 13 ist mit einem Nockenbund 13a ausgeführt, in dem der Bolzen 26 eingesetzt ist. Die Ölnut 18 überragt dabei zumindest mit einem Abschnitt die Bolzenöffnung 23, so dass das Drucköl aus dem Spalt 25 über die Bolzenöffnung 23 in die in der Nockenbohrung 14 eingebrachte Ölnut 18 gelangen kann. Das Ausführungsbeispiel zeigt weiterhin eine Ölnut 21, die umlaufend in der Nockenbohrung 14 eingebracht ist, wie in
Um die Beölung des Gleitspaltes zwischen der Außenseite der Außenwelle 10 und der Nockenbohrung 14 weiter zu verbessern, können beispielsweise in der Nockenbohrung 14 Strukturierungen, beispielsweise eingebracht durch Strahlen mit Glaskugeln oder anderen Partikeln oder durch Laserstrukturierung, vorgesehen sein, die ein Reservoir für das unter den Nocken 13 geführte Öl bilden. Die Strukturierungen können dabei eine prismenförmige oder kalottenförmige Gestalt aufweise. Die Ölnut 18 kann zur Stirnseite der Nocke 13 offen sein bzw. in dieser enden, zu bevorzugen wäre jedoch, dass die Ölnut 18 geschlossen ist mit dem Vorteil, dass ein Abfließen des Öls aus der Nut 18 erschwert wird. Gleiches gilt für die längs in der Außenwelle 10 verlaufenden Ölnuten 16.In order to improve the lubrication of the sliding gap between the outer side of the
In den
Die Erfindung beschränkt sich in ihren Ausführungen nicht auf die vorstehend angegebenen bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiele. Vielmehr ist eine Anzahl von Varianten denkbar, welche von der dargestellten Lösung auch bei grundsätzlich anders gearteten Ausführungen Gebrauch macht. Sämtliche aus den Ansprüchen, der Beschreibung oder den Zeichnungen hervorgehenden Merkmale und/oder Vorteile, einschließlich konstruktiven Einzelheiten oder räumlichen Anordnungen, können sowohl für sich als auch in den verschiedensten Kombinationen erfindungswesentlich sein. Beispielsweise können die in den
- 11
- verstellbare Nockenwelleadjustable camshaft
- 1010
- Außenwelleouter shaft
- 1111
- erste Nockefirst cam
- 1212
- Innenwelleinner shaft
- 1313
- zweite Nockesecond cam
- 13a13a
- Nockenbundcam collar
- 1414
- Nockenbohrungcam bore
- 1515
- Setzstellesetting point
- 1616
- Ölnutoil groove
- 1717
- Ölnutoil groove
- 1818
- Ölnutoil groove
- 1919
- Ölnutoil groove
- 2020
- Ölnutoil groove
- 20'20 '
- Ölnutoil groove
- 2121
- Ölnutoil groove
- 2222
- Durchgangpassage
- 2323
- Durchgang, BolzenöffnungPassage, bolt opening
- 2424
- Durchgang, BolzenöffnungPassage, bolt opening
- 2525
- Spaltgap
- 2626
- Bolzenbolt
- 26a26a
- Bolzenteilbolt part
- 26b26b
- Bolzenteilbolt part
- 2727
- Rotationsachseaxis of rotation
- 2828
- Lagerringbearing ring
- 2929
- Bolzenbohrungpin bore
- 3030
- ZentralkanalCentral channel
Claims (8)
- Adjustable camshaft (1) for the valve gear of an internal combustion engine, with an outer shaft (10) on which at least one first cam (11) is arranged and connected rotationally fixedly thereto, and with an inner shaft (12) which extends through the outer shaft (10) and to which at least one second cam (13) is connected rotationally fixedly, wherein the second cam (13) connected rotationally fixedly with the inner shaft (12) has a cam bore (14) and is mounted rotatably at a seating point (15) on the outer shaft (10), characterized in that at least one oil groove (16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 20', 21) is made at the seating point (15) in the outer shaft (10) and/or in the inner wall of the cam bore (14), in which groove oil is conducted from a gap (25) between the outer shaft (10) and the inner shaft (12) through at least one passage (22, 23, 24) extending through the outer shaft (10).
- Adjustable camshaft (1) according to Claim 1, characterized in that the second cam (13) is connected to the inner shaft (12) via a bolt (26) which extends through at least one bolt opening (23) in the outer shaft (10), wherein the passage (23) for conducting oil to the at least one oil groove (16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 20', 21) is formed by the bolt opening (23).
- Adjustable camshaft (1) according to Claim 2, characterized in that the oil groove (16) made at the seating point (15) in the outer shaft (10) at the passage (22, 23), in particular at the bolt opening (23), is conducted fluidically communicating therewith, and/or that the oil groove (18, 19) made in the inner wall of the cam bore (14) extends at least partly beyond the opening (22, 23), in particular the bolt opening (23).
- Adjustable camshaft (1) according to any of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the oil groove (17) is formed as a widened part of the bolt opening (23, 24).
- Adjustable camshaft (1) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the oil groove (16, 17, 18) extends along the rotation axis (27) of the camshaft (1), or that the oil groove (19) is made running obliquely to the rotation axis (27) in the outer shaft (10) and/or in the inner wall of the cam bore (14).
- Adjustable camshaft (1) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that an oil groove (20, 20') running in the circumferential direction is made in the outer shaft (10), and/or an oil groove (21) running in the circumferential direction is made in the cam bore (14), which groove communicates fluidically in particular with an oil groove (16, 17, 18, 19) running along or obliquely to the rotation axis (27).
- Adjustable camshaft (1) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that pressure oil is pressed into the gap (25) between the outer shaft (10) and the inner shaft (12), in particular that the oil runs under pressure in the longitudinal direction of the rotation axis (27) or that the oil is conducted into the gap (25) from a central bore in the inner shaft (12) and via at least one radial channel in the inner shaft (12).
- Adjustable camshaft (1) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the second cam (13) has a cam collar (13a), wherein the oil groove (18, 19) extends at least partly into the cam collar (13a).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102012103581A DE102012103581A1 (en) | 2012-04-24 | 2012-04-24 | Camshaft with oilable, adjustable cam |
PCT/EP2013/056464 WO2013160051A1 (en) | 2012-04-24 | 2013-03-27 | Camshaft having adjustable cams that can be oiled by means of pressure oil |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2841722A1 EP2841722A1 (en) | 2015-03-04 |
EP2841722B1 true EP2841722B1 (en) | 2016-01-13 |
Family
ID=48048012
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP13714252.7A Active EP2841722B1 (en) | 2012-04-24 | 2013-03-27 | Camshaft having adjustable cams that can be oiled by means of pressure oil |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US9273571B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2841722B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN104411924B (en) |
DE (1) | DE102012103581A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2013160051A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102011052822A1 (en) * | 2011-08-18 | 2013-02-21 | Thyssenkrupp Presta Teccenter Ag | Camshaft, in particular for motor vehicle engines |
DE102013007741A1 (en) * | 2013-05-07 | 2014-11-13 | Thyssenkrupp Presta Teccenter Ag | camshaft |
DE102013113255A1 (en) | 2013-11-29 | 2015-06-03 | Thyssenkrupp Presta Teccenter Ag | Adjustable camshaft |
DE102014104994A1 (en) * | 2014-04-08 | 2015-10-08 | Thyssenkrupp Presta Teccenter Ag | adjustable camshaft |
DE102014109752A1 (en) * | 2014-07-11 | 2016-01-14 | Thyssenkrupp Presta Teccenter Ag | Method for mounting an adjustable camshaft |
DE102014116252A1 (en) * | 2014-11-07 | 2016-05-12 | Thyssenkrupp Presta Teccenter Ag | Camshaft with an axially guided sliding element |
DE102015215292A1 (en) * | 2015-08-11 | 2017-02-16 | Thyssenkrupp Ag | Method and device for mounting an adjustable camshaft |
DE102015113356A1 (en) * | 2015-08-13 | 2017-02-16 | Thyssenkrupp Ag | Adjustable camshaft with a phase plate |
CN110848365B (en) * | 2018-08-21 | 2022-03-11 | 上海汽车集团股份有限公司 | Sliding cam mechanism |
Family Cites Families (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS61126007U (en) * | 1985-01-29 | 1986-08-07 | ||
JPH07102914A (en) * | 1993-03-03 | 1995-04-18 | Peter Amborn | Camshaft structure with mutually positioned shaft element and manufacture thereof |
DE4416505A1 (en) * | 1994-05-10 | 1995-11-16 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag | Cam shaft with turnable cams |
DE19638331A1 (en) * | 1995-09-28 | 1997-04-03 | Volkswagen Ag | Cam arrangement for internal combustion engine |
DE19757504B4 (en) | 1997-12-23 | 2005-03-31 | Daimlerchrysler Ag | Built camshaft for an internal combustion engine |
DE202005021715U1 (en) | 2005-02-03 | 2009-07-02 | Mahle International Gmbh | Camshaft with mutually rotatable cam for motor vehicles in particular |
DE102005040934A1 (en) * | 2005-02-03 | 2006-08-17 | Mahle International Gmbh | Adjustable camshaft, in particular for internal combustion engines of motor vehicles, with a hydraulic adjusting device |
DE102008062041A1 (en) * | 2008-12-12 | 2010-06-17 | Thyssenkrupp Presta Teccenter Ag | Adjustable camshaft arrangement |
DE102009039733A1 (en) * | 2009-09-02 | 2011-03-10 | Thyssenkrupp Presta Teccenter Ag | Valve drive for gas exchange valves of an internal combustion engine with axially displaceable cam units |
-
2012
- 2012-04-24 DE DE102012103581A patent/DE102012103581A1/en not_active Ceased
-
2013
- 2013-03-27 WO PCT/EP2013/056464 patent/WO2013160051A1/en active Application Filing
- 2013-03-27 US US14/396,289 patent/US9273571B2/en active Active
- 2013-03-27 EP EP13714252.7A patent/EP2841722B1/en active Active
- 2013-03-27 CN CN201380033479.2A patent/CN104411924B/en active Active
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2013160051A1 (en) | 2013-10-31 |
CN104411924B (en) | 2018-05-08 |
US9273571B2 (en) | 2016-03-01 |
EP2841722A1 (en) | 2015-03-04 |
DE102012103581A1 (en) | 2013-10-24 |
US20150090208A1 (en) | 2015-04-02 |
CN104411924A (en) | 2015-03-11 |
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