EP2834820A1 - Fixed three-phase to two-phase transformer with forced linked flux - Google Patents

Fixed three-phase to two-phase transformer with forced linked flux

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Publication number
EP2834820A1
EP2834820A1 EP13719972.5A EP13719972A EP2834820A1 EP 2834820 A1 EP2834820 A1 EP 2834820A1 EP 13719972 A EP13719972 A EP 13719972A EP 2834820 A1 EP2834820 A1 EP 2834820A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
phase
column
coil
transformer
coils
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP13719972.5A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2834820B1 (en
Inventor
Cédric DUVAL
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Safran Electrical and Power SAS
Original Assignee
Hispano Suiza SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hispano Suiza SA filed Critical Hispano Suiza SA
Publication of EP2834820A1 publication Critical patent/EP2834820A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2834820B1 publication Critical patent/EP2834820B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/28—Coils; Windings; Conductive connections
    • H01F27/30—Fastening or clamping coils, windings, or parts thereof together; Fastening or mounting coils or windings on core, casing, or other support
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/02—Casings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/24—Magnetic cores
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/28—Coils; Windings; Conductive connections
    • H01F27/2823—Wires
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F30/00—Fixed transformers not covered by group H01F19/00
    • H01F30/06—Fixed transformers not covered by group H01F19/00 characterised by the structure
    • H01F30/12—Two-phase, three-phase or polyphase transformers
    • H01F30/14—Two-phase, three-phase or polyphase transformers for changing the number of phases

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the general field of transformers.
  • the invention relates to a fixed-phase, three-phase, fixed-phase, forced-flow transformer.
  • the Scott fixture uses two single-phase transformers.
  • the first has its primary of ni turns mounted between terminals A and B of the three-phase network.
  • the primary of the second has r 'turns and is mounted between the terminal C of the three-phase network and the midpoint M of the primary of the first.
  • the two secondary phases have the same number n 2 of turns.
  • the Scott fixture has several disadvantages.
  • the magnetic circuits of the two single-phase transformers represent a mass and a large bulk.
  • the windings of the two transformers must be different three-phase side since they do not have the same number of turns. Since the number of turns of the three-phase phases is different, the sections of the electrical conductors must be different in order to guarantee the balance of the resistances of each phase.
  • the star connection is imposed and therefore we can not play on the ratio of voltages with a connection triangle or zig-zag.
  • the Leblanc assembly uses a magnetic circuit with three, four or five columns. In the case of a three-column magnetic circuit, it is a forced-flux transformer forced, which limits the magnetizing current.
  • the Leblanc assembly also has drawbacks.
  • the windings of the two-phase phases must be different because they do not have the same number of turns.
  • the coils on the two-phase side are distributed on three columns in a non-symmetrical manner, which leads to different leakage inductances. Since the number of turns of each phase on the two-phase side is different, different electrical conductor sections are needed to balance the resistance of each phase.
  • the invention proposes a three-phase-two-phase transformer comprising a magnetic circuit, three-phase coils and two-phase coils, in which
  • the magnetic circuit comprises a first column, a second column and a third column connected magnetically,
  • the three-phase coils comprising a first coil of turns around the first column, a second coil of turns around the second column and a third coil of turns around the third column,
  • the two-phase coils comprise a fourth coil of n 2 turns around the first column, a fifth coil of n ' 2 turns around the first column, a sixth coil of n 2 turns around the third column and a seventh coil of n' 2 rounds around the third column,
  • the fourth coil and the seventh coil being connected in series and forming a first two-phase phase, the fourth coil and the seventh coil each having a corresponding winding direction, for a current flowing in the first two-phase phase, to magnetic potentials of the same direction ,
  • the fifth coil and the sixth coil being connected in series and forming a second two-phase phase, the fifth coil and the sixth coil each having a corresponding winding direction, for a current circulating in the second two-phase phase, to magnetic potentials of the same direction.
  • This transformer has, on the three-phase side, a structure comparable to that of a three-column Leblanc-type transformer. It thus allows, compared to the use of two single-phase transformers, a flux coupling which makes it possible to reduce the mass and the volume of the magnetic circuit and to limit the magnetizing current.
  • the two phases of the two-phase side have the same number of turns (namely n 2 + n ' 2 ), it is not necessary to use different section conductors to ensure the balance of the resistors.
  • n 2 (2 + V 3) n ' 2 .
  • the second column is a central column located between the first column and the third column.
  • the three-phase coils and the two-phase coils are distributed symmetrically on the side columns, which makes it possible to balance the leakage inductances.
  • the first column is a central column located between the second column and the third column.
  • the magnetic circuit has a symmetry with respect to an axis of rotation passing through the central column and / or with respect to a plane of symmetry passing through said central column.
  • the transformer further comprises at least one additional set of three-phase coils or two-phase coils.
  • the transformer then makes it possible to feed in a balanced manner any number of loads other than 1.
  • FIG. 1 represents a transformer according to a first embodiment of the invention
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 are electrical diagrams illustrating the operation of the transformer of FIG. 1,
  • FIG. 4 is a graph showing the currents in the transformer of FIG. 1,
  • FIG. 5 represents a transformer according to a second embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 6 is an electrical diagram illustrating the operation of the transformer of FIG. 5, and
  • FIG. 7 and 8 each show, in perspective, a magnetic circuit with three columns can be used to produce a transformer according to the invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a front view of a transformer 1 according to one embodiment of the invention.
  • Transformer 1 is a fixed-phase, three-phase transformer with forced bonded flux.
  • the transformer 1 comprises a magnetic circuit 2, three-phase coils and two-phase coils.
  • the three-phase coils correspond to the primary of the transformer 1 and the two-phase coils correspond to the secondary of the transformer 1.
  • a reverse mode of operation is of course possible.
  • the magnetic circuit 2 comprises three magnetically connected columns: a lateral column 3, a central column 4 and a lateral column 5, connected by bars 13.
  • the magnetic circuit 2 is symmetrical with respect to an axis of rotation passing through the central column 4 and / or with respect to a plane of symmetry passing through the central column 4.
  • the three-phase coils comprise a coil 6 around the lateral column 3, a coil 7 around the central column 4 and a coil 8 around the lateral column 5.
  • the two-phase coils comprise a coil 9 and a coil 10 around the lateral column 3, and a coil 11 and a coil 12 around the lateral column 5.
  • FIG. 2 is an electrical diagram of the transformer 1 of FIG.
  • the coil 9 has n 2 turns and is connected in series with the coil 12 which has n ' 2 turns.
  • the coils 9 and 12 correspond to a first two-phase phase.
  • Ii the current and Vi the voltage of the first two-phase phase.
  • the winding direction of the coils 9 and 12 is symbolized by a black dot. It corresponds, for a given current Ii, to magnetic potentials n 2 Ii and n ' 2 Ii of the same direction in columns 3 and 5.
  • the coil 11 has n 2 turns and is connected in series with the coil 10 which has n ' 2 turns.
  • the coils 11 and 10 correspond to a second two-phase phase. Note I 2 the current and V 2 the voltage of the second phase diphasée.
  • the winding direction of the coils 10 and 11 is also symbolized by a black dot. It corresponds, for a given current I 2 , to magnetic potentials n 2 I 2 and n ' 2 I 2 of the same direction in the columns 5 and 3. This direction can be the same as that of the magnetic potentials n 2 Ii and n 2 Ii of the first two-phase phase, as in the case of Figure 2, or the opposite direction, as in the case of Figure 3 which shows an alternative embodiment.
  • the transformer 1 has, on the three-phase side, a structure comparable to that of a three-column Leblanc-type transformer. It thus allows, compared to the use of two single-phase transformers, a flux coupling which makes it possible to reduce the mass and the volume of the magnetic circuit and to limit the magnetizing current.
  • the transformer 1 makes it possible to obtain secondary voltages Vi and V 2 of the same value and in quadrature.
  • the transformer 1 acts on the phase shift between the primary and secondary, but provides secondary currents Ii and I 2 out of phase +/- n / 2 and secondary voltages V 1 and V 2 out of phase.
  • V 2 jVi
  • FIG. 4 is a graph which represents in the Fresnel frame the three-phase currents and the two-phase currents of the transformer 1 of FIG.
  • a transformer may comprise several secondary.
  • the transformer 1 comprises, in addition to the secondary formed by the coils 9 to 12, at least one other three-phase secondary and / or at least one other two-phase secondary, which can be realized in the same way as that in the form of coils 9 to 12.
  • FIGS. 5 and 6 are similar to FIGS. 1 and 2, respectively, and represent a transformer 20 according to a second embodiment of the invention. Elements identical or similar to elements of transformer 1 of FIG. 1 are designated by the same references and are no longer described in detail.
  • the positions of the coils 6, 9 and 10 on the one hand and the coil 7 on the other hand are inverted with respect to the transformer 1: the coils 6, 9 and 10 surround the central column 4 and the coil 7 surrounds the side column 3.
  • the transformer 20 is substantially identical to the transformer 1.
  • the transformer 20 has the same advantages as the transformer 1.
  • the transformer 20 has currents and voltages in phase quadrature. The ratios of currents and voltages quoted above are preserved.
  • the transformer 20 no longer has the same two-phase side symmetry, which implies a possible difference in the leakage inductances of the two-phase phases.
  • a transformer according to the invention may comprise a magnetically connected three-column magnetic circuit which has another topology.
  • FIGS. 7 and 8 each represent, in perspective, a three-column magnetic circuit that can be used to produce a transformer according to the invention.
  • the same references as in Figures 1 and 5 are used to designate corresponding elements, without risk of confusion.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Coils Of Transformers For General Uses (AREA)
  • Coils Or Transformers For Communication (AREA)

Abstract

A three-phase to two-phase transformer (1) comprising a magnetic circuit (2), three-phase coils and two-phase coils, in which the magnetic circuit comprises a first column (3), a second column (4) and a third column (5) that are magnetically connected, the three-phase coils comprising a first coil (6), a second coil (7) and a third coil (8). This transformer is remarkable in that the two-phase coils comprise a fourth coil (9) around the first column (3), a fifth coil (10) around the first column (3), a sixth coil (11) around the third column (5) and a seventh coil (12) around the third column (5), the fourth coil (9) and the seventh coil (12) being connected in series and forming a first two-phase phase, the fifth coil (10) and the sixth coil (11) being connected in series and forming a second two-phase phase.

Description

TRANSFORMATEUR FIXE TRIPHASE-DIPHASE A FLUX LIES FORCES  THREE-PHASE DIPHASE FIXED TRANSFORMER WITH FORCES FLUX
Arrière-plan de l'invention Background of the invention
La présente invention se rapporte au domaine général des transformateurs. En particulier, l'invention concerne un transformateur fixe triphasé-diphasé à flux liés forcés.  The present invention relates to the general field of transformers. In particular, the invention relates to a fixed-phase, three-phase, fixed-phase, forced-flow transformer.
Dans certaines situations, il peut s'avérer nécessaire de transférer de façon équilibrée de l'énergie d'une source triphasée vers une source diphasée. Il existe des transformateurs fixes triphasés-diphasés, notamment l'un connu sous le nom de montage Scott et l'autre connu sous le nom de montage Leblanc.  In some situations, it may be necessary to balance energy from a three-phase source to a two-phase source. There are three-phase-two-phase fixed transformers, including one known as the Scott fixture and the other known as the Leblanc fixture.
Le montage Scott utilise deux transformateurs monophasés. Le premier a son primaire de ni spires monté entre les bornes A et B du réseau triphasé. Le primaire du second a ru' spires et est monté entre la borne C du réseau triphasé et le point milieu M du primaire du premier. Les deux phases secondaires ont le même nombre n2 de spires. Les tensions primaires sont en quadrature, il en est donc de même des tensions secondaires. Pour que les tensions secondaires aient même valeur et soit en quadrature, il faut que ni' = V3 ni / 2. The Scott fixture uses two single-phase transformers. The first has its primary of ni turns mounted between terminals A and B of the three-phase network. The primary of the second has r 'turns and is mounted between the terminal C of the three-phase network and the midpoint M of the primary of the first. The two secondary phases have the same number n 2 of turns. The primary voltages are in quadrature, so are the secondary voltages. For the secondary voltages to have the same value and be in quadrature, it is necessary that ni = V3 ni / 2.
Le montage Scott présente plusieurs inconvénients. Les circuits magnétiques des deux transformateurs monophasés représentent une masse et un encombrement important. De plus, les bobinages des deux transformateurs doivent être différents côté triphasé puisqu' ils n'ont pas le même nombre de spires. Le nombre de spires des phases triphasées étant différent, les sections des conducteurs électriques doivent être différentes afin de garantir l'équilibre des résistances de chaque phase. Le branchement en étoile est imposé et on ne peut donc pas jouer sur le rapport des tensions avec un branchement triangle ou zig-zag. Enfin, on ne bénéficie pas du couplage positif des phases d'un transformateur triphasé à flux liés forcés qui permet de réduire le courant magnétisant nécessaire.  The Scott fixture has several disadvantages. The magnetic circuits of the two single-phase transformers represent a mass and a large bulk. In addition, the windings of the two transformers must be different three-phase side since they do not have the same number of turns. Since the number of turns of the three-phase phases is different, the sections of the electrical conductors must be different in order to guarantee the balance of the resistances of each phase. The star connection is imposed and therefore we can not play on the ratio of voltages with a connection triangle or zig-zag. Finally, we do not benefit from the positive coupling of the phases of a three-phase transformer with forced-linked flows which reduces the magnetizing current required.
Le montage Leblanc utilise un circuit magnétique à trois, quatre ou cinq colonnes. Dans le cas d'un circuit magnétique à trois colonnes, il s'agit d'un transformateur à flux liés forcés, ce qui permet de limiter le courant magnétisant. Le montage Leblanc présente également des inconvénients. Les bobinages des phases côté diphasé doivent être différents car ils n'ont pas le même nombre de spires. Les bobinages du côté diphasé sont répartis sur trois colonnes de façon non symétrique, ce qui entraîne des inductances de fuite différentes. Le nombre de spires de chaque phase côté diphasé étant différent, il faut des sections de conducteur électrique différentes pour équilibrer la résistance de chaque phase. The Leblanc assembly uses a magnetic circuit with three, four or five columns. In the case of a three-column magnetic circuit, it is a forced-flux transformer forced, which limits the magnetizing current. The Leblanc assembly also has drawbacks. The windings of the two-phase phases must be different because they do not have the same number of turns. The coils on the two-phase side are distributed on three columns in a non-symmetrical manner, which leads to different leakage inductances. Since the number of turns of each phase on the two-phase side is different, different electrical conductor sections are needed to balance the resistance of each phase.
Il existe donc également un besoin pour une solution améliorée permettant de transférer de façon équilibrée de l'énergie d'une source triphasée vers une source diphasée.  There is therefore also a need for an improved solution for balanced transfer of energy from a three-phase source to a two-phase source.
Obiet et résumé de l'invention Obiet and summary of the invention
L'invention propose un transformateur triphasé-diphasé comprenant un circuit magnétique, des bobines triphasées et des bobines diphasées, dans lequel  The invention proposes a three-phase-two-phase transformer comprising a magnetic circuit, three-phase coils and two-phase coils, in which
le circuit magnétique comprend une première colonne, une deuxième colonne et une troisième colonne reliées magnétiquement, the magnetic circuit comprises a first column, a second column and a third column connected magnetically,
les bobines triphasées comprenant une première bobine de ni tours autour de la première colonne, une deuxième bobine de ni tours autour de la deuxième colonne et une troisième bobine de ni tours autour de la troisième colonne, the three-phase coils comprising a first coil of turns around the first column, a second coil of turns around the second column and a third coil of turns around the third column,
caractérisé en ce que characterized in that
les bobines diphasées comprennent une quatrième bobine de n2 tours autour de la première colonne, une cinquième bobine de n'2 tours autour de la première colonne, une sixième bobine de n2 tours autour de la troisième colonne et une septième bobine de n'2 tours autour de la troisième colonne, the two-phase coils comprise a fourth coil of n 2 turns around the first column, a fifth coil of n ' 2 turns around the first column, a sixth coil of n 2 turns around the third column and a seventh coil of n' 2 rounds around the third column,
la quatrième bobine et la septième bobine étant reliées en série et formant une première phase diphasée, la quatrième bobine et la septième bobine présentant chacune un sens de bobinage correspondant, pour un courant circulant dans la première phase diphasée, à des potentiels magnétiques de même sens, the fourth coil and the seventh coil being connected in series and forming a first two-phase phase, the fourth coil and the seventh coil each having a corresponding winding direction, for a current flowing in the first two-phase phase, to magnetic potentials of the same direction ,
la cinquième bobine et la sixième bobine étant reliées en série et formant une deuxième phase diphasée, la cinquième bobine et la sixième bobine présentant chacune un sens de bobinage correspondant, pour un courant circulant dans la deuxième phase diphasée, à des potentiels magnétiques de même sens. the fifth coil and the sixth coil being connected in series and forming a second two-phase phase, the fifth coil and the sixth coil each having a corresponding winding direction, for a current circulating in the second two-phase phase, to magnetic potentials of the same direction.
Ce transformateur présente, côté triphasé, une structure comparable à celle d'un transformateur de type Leblanc à trois colonnes. Il permet donc, par rapport à l'utilisation de deux transformateurs monophasés, un couplage de flux qui permet de réduire la masse et le volume du circuit magnétique et de limiter le courant magnétisant. De plus, comme les deux phases du côté diphasé présentent le même nombre de tours (à savoir n2+n'2), il n'est pas nécessaire d'utiliser des conducteurs de section différentes pour assurer l'équilibre des résistances. This transformer has, on the three-phase side, a structure comparable to that of a three-column Leblanc-type transformer. It thus allows, compared to the use of two single-phase transformers, a flux coupling which makes it possible to reduce the mass and the volume of the magnetic circuit and to limit the magnetizing current. In addition, since the two phases of the two-phase side have the same number of turns (namely n 2 + n ' 2 ), it is not necessary to use different section conductors to ensure the balance of the resistors.
Selon un mode de réalisation, n2 = (2 + V3) n'2. According to one embodiment, n 2 = (2 + V 3) n ' 2 .
Pour un rapport n2 = (2 + V3) n'2, le transformateur permet d'obtenir des tensions côté diphasé de même valeur et en quadrature. For a ratio n 2 = (2 + V3) n ' 2 , the transformer makes it possible to obtain two-phase side voltages of the same value and in quadrature.
Selon un mode de réalisation, la deuxième colonne est une colonne centrale située entre la première colonne et la troisième colonne. Dans ce cas, les bobines triphasées et les bobines diphasées sont réparties de manière symétrique sur les colonnes latérales, ce qui permet d'équilibrer les inductances de fuites.  According to one embodiment, the second column is a central column located between the first column and the third column. In this case, the three-phase coils and the two-phase coils are distributed symmetrically on the side columns, which makes it possible to balance the leakage inductances.
Selon un autre mode de réalisation, la première colonne est une colonne centrale située entre la deuxième colonne et la troisième colonne.  In another embodiment, the first column is a central column located between the second column and the third column.
De préférence, le circuit magnétique présente une symétrie par rapport à un axe de rotation passant dans la colonne centrale et/ou par rapport à un plan de symétrie passant dans ladite colonne centrale.  Preferably, the magnetic circuit has a symmetry with respect to an axis of rotation passing through the central column and / or with respect to a plane of symmetry passing through said central column.
En raison de la symétrie du circuit magnétique, des bobines triphasés et des bobines diphasés, les résistances et les inductances de phase sont équilibrées.  Due to the symmetry of the magnetic circuit, three-phase coils and two-phase coils, the resistors and the phase inductances are balanced.
Selon un mode de réalisation, le transformateur comprend en outre au moins un ensemble supplémentaire de bobines triphasées ou de bobines diphasées.  According to one embodiment, the transformer further comprises at least one additional set of three-phase coils or two-phase coils.
Le transformateur permet alors d'alimenter de manière équilibrée un nombre de charge quelconque différent de 1.  The transformer then makes it possible to feed in a balanced manner any number of loads other than 1.
Brève description des dessins Brief description of the drawings
D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de la présente invention ressortiront de la description faite ci-dessous, en référence aux dessins annexés qui en illustrent des exemples de réalisation dépourvus de tout caractère limitatif. Sur les figures : Other features and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the description given below, with reference to the drawings annexed illustrating examples of implementation devoid of any limiting character. In the figures:
- la figure 1 représente un transformateur selon un premier mode de réalisation de l'invention,  FIG. 1 represents a transformer according to a first embodiment of the invention,
- les figures 2 et 3 sont des schémas électriques illustrant le fonctionnement du transformateur de la figure 1,  FIGS. 2 and 3 are electrical diagrams illustrating the operation of the transformer of FIG. 1,
- la figure 4 est un graphe représentant les courants dans le transformateur de la figure 1,  FIG. 4 is a graph showing the currents in the transformer of FIG. 1,
- la figure 5 représente un transformateur selon un deuxième mode de réalisation de l'invention,  FIG. 5 represents a transformer according to a second embodiment of the invention,
- la figure 6 est un schéma électrique illustrant le fonctionnement du transformateur de la figure 5, et  FIG. 6 is an electrical diagram illustrating the operation of the transformer of FIG. 5, and
- les figures 7 et 8 représentent chacune, en perspective, un circuit magnétique à trois colonnes pouvant être utilisé pour réaliser un transformateur conforme à l'invention.  - Figures 7 and 8 each show, in perspective, a magnetic circuit with three columns can be used to produce a transformer according to the invention.
Description détaillée de modes de réalisation Detailed description of embodiments
La figure 1 est une vue de face d'un transformateur 1 selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention. Le transformateur 1 est un transformateur fixe triphasé-diphasé, à flux liés forcés.  Figure 1 is a front view of a transformer 1 according to one embodiment of the invention. Transformer 1 is a fixed-phase, three-phase transformer with forced bonded flux.
Le transformateur 1 comprend un circuit magnétique 2, des bobines triphasées et des bobines diphasées. Dans la suite de la description, les bobines triphasées correspondent au primaire du transformateur 1 et les bobines diphasées correspondent au secondaire du transformateur 1. Toutefois, un mode de fonctionnement inverse est bien entendu possible.  The transformer 1 comprises a magnetic circuit 2, three-phase coils and two-phase coils. In the following description, the three-phase coils correspond to the primary of the transformer 1 and the two-phase coils correspond to the secondary of the transformer 1. However, a reverse mode of operation is of course possible.
Le circuit magnétique 2 comprend trois colonnes reliées magnétiquement : une colonne latérale 3, une colonne centrale 4 et une colonne latérale 5, reliées par des barres 13. Le circuit magnétique 2 est symétrique par rapport à un axe de rotation passant dans la colonne centrale 4 et/ou par rapport à un plan de symétrie passant dans la colonne centrale 4.  The magnetic circuit 2 comprises three magnetically connected columns: a lateral column 3, a central column 4 and a lateral column 5, connected by bars 13. The magnetic circuit 2 is symmetrical with respect to an axis of rotation passing through the central column 4 and / or with respect to a plane of symmetry passing through the central column 4.
Les bobines triphasées comprennent une bobine 6 autour de la colonne latérale 3, une bobine 7 autour de la colonne centrale 4 et une bobine 8 autour de la colonne latérale 5. Les bobines diphasées comprennent une bobine 9 et une bobine 10 autour de la colonne latérale 3, et une bobine 11 et une bobine 12 autour de la colonne latérale 5. The three-phase coils comprise a coil 6 around the lateral column 3, a coil 7 around the central column 4 and a coil 8 around the lateral column 5. The two-phase coils comprise a coil 9 and a coil 10 around the lateral column 3, and a coil 11 and a coil 12 around the lateral column 5.
Sur la figure 1, les bobines 9, 10 et 6 sont représentées les unes à côté des autres le long de la colonne latérale 3, mais tout autre positionnement est possible. Le même commentaire s'applique aux bobines 11, 12 et 8.  In Figure 1, the coils 9, 10 and 6 are shown next to each other along the side column 3, but any other positioning is possible. The same comment applies to coils 11, 12 and 8.
La figure 2 est un schéma électrique du transformateur 1 de la figure 1.  FIG. 2 is an electrical diagram of the transformer 1 of FIG.
Les bobines 6, 7 et 8 triphasées présentent chacune ni tours. The coils 6, 7 and 8 three phase each have no turns.
Dans le mode de réalisation représenté, elles sont reliées en étoile. Cependant, toute autre configuration est possible : en triangle, en zigzag,... On note Ia, Ib et Ic les courants circulant respectivement dans les bobines 6, 7 et 8. Le sens de bobinage des bobines 6, 7 et 8 est symbolisé par un point noir. Il correspond, pour des courants Ia, Ib et Ic de même sens, à des potentiels magnétiques de même sens dans les colonnes 3, 4 et 5. In the embodiment shown, they are connected in a star. However, any other configuration is possible: in triangle, in zigzag, ... We note I a , I b and I c the currents flowing respectively in the coils 6, 7 and 8. The winding direction of the coils 6, 7 and 8 is symbolized by a black dot. It corresponds, for currents I a , I b and I c of the same direction, to magnetic potentials of the same direction in columns 3, 4 and 5.
Côté diphasé, la bobine 9 présente n2 tours et est reliée en série avec la bobine 12 qui présente n'2 tours. Les bobines 9 et 12 correspondent à une première phase diphasée. On note Ii le courant et Vi la tension de la première phase diphasée. Le sens de bobinage des bobines 9 et 12 est symbolisé par un point noir. Il correspond, pour un courant Ii donné, à des potentiels magnétiques n2Ii et n'2Ii de même sens dans les colonnes 3 et 5. Two- phase side, the coil 9 has n 2 turns and is connected in series with the coil 12 which has n ' 2 turns. The coils 9 and 12 correspond to a first two-phase phase. We denote Ii the current and Vi the voltage of the first two-phase phase. The winding direction of the coils 9 and 12 is symbolized by a black dot. It corresponds, for a given current Ii, to magnetic potentials n 2 Ii and n ' 2 Ii of the same direction in columns 3 and 5.
De manière correspondante, la bobine 11 présente n2 tours et est reliée en série avec la bobine 10 qui présente n'2 tours. Les bobines 11 et 10 correspondent à une deuxième phase diphasée. On note I2 le courant et V2 la tension de la deuxième phase diphasée. Le sens de bobinage des bobines 10 et 11 est également symbolisé par un point noir. II correspond, pour un courant I2 donné, à des potentiels magnétiques n2I2 et n'2I2 de même sens dans les colonnes 5 et 3. Ce sens peut être le même que celui des potentiels magnétiques n2Ii et n'2Ii de la première phase diphasée, comme dans le cas de la figure 2, ou le sens opposé, comme dans le cas de la figure 3 qui représente une variante de réalisation. Le transformateur 1 présente, côté triphasé, une structure comparable à celle d'un transformateur de type Leblanc à trois colonnes. Il permet donc, par rapport à l'utilisation de deux transformateurs monophasés, un couplage de flux qui permet de réduire la masse et le volume du circuit magnétique et de limiter le courant magnétisant. Correspondingly, the coil 11 has n 2 turns and is connected in series with the coil 10 which has n ' 2 turns. The coils 11 and 10 correspond to a second two-phase phase. Note I 2 the current and V 2 the voltage of the second phase diphasée. The winding direction of the coils 10 and 11 is also symbolized by a black dot. It corresponds, for a given current I 2 , to magnetic potentials n 2 I 2 and n ' 2 I 2 of the same direction in the columns 5 and 3. This direction can be the same as that of the magnetic potentials n 2 Ii and n 2 Ii of the first two-phase phase, as in the case of Figure 2, or the opposite direction, as in the case of Figure 3 which shows an alternative embodiment. The transformer 1 has, on the three-phase side, a structure comparable to that of a three-column Leblanc-type transformer. It thus allows, compared to the use of two single-phase transformers, a flux coupling which makes it possible to reduce the mass and the volume of the magnetic circuit and to limit the magnetizing current.
De plus, en raison de la symétrie du circuit magnétique, des bobines triphasés et des bobines diphasés, les résistances et les inductances de phase sont équilibrées.  In addition, due to the symmetry of the magnetic circuit, three-phase coils and two-phase coils, the resistors and phase inductances are balanced.
Comme les deux phases du côté diphasé présentent le même nombre de tours (à savoir n2+n'2), il n'est pas nécessaire d'utiliser des conducteurs de section différentes pour assurer l'équilibre des résistances. As the two phases of the two-phase side have the same number of turns (namely n 2 + n ' 2 ), it is not necessary to use different section conductors to ensure the balance of the resistors.
De plus, pour un rapport n2 = (2 + V3) n'2, le transformateur 1 permet d'obtenir des tensions secondaires Vi et V2 de même valeur et en quadrature. Moreover, for a ratio n 2 = (2 + V 3 ) n ' 2 , the transformer 1 makes it possible to obtain secondary voltages Vi and V 2 of the same value and in quadrature.
Le rapport des courants est donné par :  The ratio of currents is given by:
Ia _ ^2 n2 + n2 I a _ ^ 2 n 2 + n 2
!i 3 ni ! i 3 n i
Le rapport des tensions est donné par : The ratio of the tensions is given by:
Ainsi, le transformateur 1 agit sur le déphasage entre le primaire et le secondaire, mais fournit des courants secondaires Ii et I2 déphasés de +/-n/2 et des tensions secondaires Vi et V2 déphasées de Thus, the transformer 1 acts on the phase shift between the primary and secondary, but provides secondary currents Ii and I 2 out of phase +/- n / 2 and secondary voltages V 1 and V 2 out of phase.
Ceci peut être formalisé de la manière suivante : This can be formalized as follows:
(n2V.+n'2Ve) (n 2 V. + n ' 2 V e )
= V 1 n 2 + n2 c j = V 1 n 2 + n 2 c j
On a donc : So we have :
Pour V2 on a For V 2 we have
- 1  - 1
¼=-(n2Vc+n'2Va) ¼ = - (n 2 V c + n ' 2 V a )
On obtient donc So we get
On a donc bien V2=jVi, des tensions de même valeur et en quadrature. So we have V 2 = jVi, voltages of the same value and in quadrature.
Si les courants secondaires sont équilibrés (I2=jli), la compensation des ampères-tours sur chaque noyau pour un transformateur à flux liés forcés de type trois colonnes montre que les courants primaires le sont également. En effet : If the secondary currents are balanced (I 2 = jli), the compensation of ampere-turns on each core for a forced-flow transformer forced type three columns shows that the primary currents are also. Indeed :
1 1 1 1 1 1
(2) B -B_-Ïa -n_-ïc = --(n'zïj +n2ï2)--(n2ï1 +n ï2) (2) B -B_ -n_-I-I C = - (n'zïj + n 2 I 2) - (n 1 + n 2 ï ï 2)
(2)n1ïB - HA- c + jn¾ ) (2) n 1 ï B - H A - c + jn¾)
(2) B - »! ½ÏA - ^ïc = + j(2 + Λ/3))+ ((2 + ) + jfe] (2) B - » ! ½Ï A - ^ ï = c + j (2 + Λ / 3)) + ((2 + ) + JFE]
- 1 - (2)η 1 ΙΒ-ηιχΪ -η,-Ic - [3 + V3 + j(3 + 3)In'2lJ - 1 - (2) η 1 Ι Β- η ιχΪ - η , -Ic - [3 + V3 + j (3 + 3) In ' 2 lJ
(3) c -^^A - A = n'lll +n2I2 ~^(n2ll + n (3) c - ^^ A - A = n 'l l l + n 2 I 2 ~ ^ ( n 2 l l + n
Afin de faciliter les notations, on pose : In order to facilitate the notations, one poses:
D'où le systè 'équation à trois inconnues IA, IB et IC : Hence the system with three unknowns I A , IB and I C :
On a (l)+(2)+(3) qui est égal à zéro, le système est donc sous contraint et possède donc une infinité de solutions. Cependant la loi des nœuds (en triangle ou étoile) nous donne :  We have (l) + (2) + (3) which is equal to zero, the system is therefore constrained and therefore has an infinity of solutions. However the law of the nodes (in triangle or star) gives us:
IA+IB+Ic=0 I A + I B + I c = 0
d'où en utilisant l'équation ci-dessus, le système devient from where using the equation above, the system becomes
Τ .... - -ϊ ~ η'λ2 + 1 " ηΖ2 | τ U J12 Τ .... - -ϊ ~ η'λ 2 + 1 "ηΖ 2 | τ U J 12
3 ηι 3 η ι
π .2π  π .2π
V2 ηη''2, 2 ++ ηη 22 Î2„~JT V2 ηη '' 2 , 2 + + η η 2 2 Î2 " ~ J T
ιΒ = 3 ι Β = 3
On a bien un système triphasé équilibré déphasé de 2n/3, comme le montre la figure 4, et l'on retrouve le rapport des courants cité précédemment. La figure 4 est un graphe qui représente dans le repère de Fresnel les courants triphasés et les courants diphasés du transformateur 1 de la figure 1.  We have a balanced three phase system shifted by 2n / 3, as shown in Figure 4, and we find the ratio of currents mentioned above. FIG. 4 is a graph which represents in the Fresnel frame the three-phase currents and the two-phase currents of the transformer 1 of FIG.
De manière connue, un transformateur peut comprendre plusieurs secondaires. Ainsi, selon une variante non représentée, le transformateur 1 comprend, en plus du secondaire formé par les bobines 9 à 12, au moins un autre secondaire triphasé et/ou au moins un autre secondaire diphasé, qui peut être réalisé de la même manière que celui formé par les bobines 9 à 12. Dans cette variante, le transformateur 1 permet d'alimenter de façon équilibrée un nombre de charges quelconque différent de 1. Par exemple, pour onze charges, on peut utiliser un secondaires triphasés sur neufs charges et un secondaire diphasé sur deux charges : 11 = 3*3 + 2.  In known manner, a transformer may comprise several secondary. Thus, according to a variant not shown, the transformer 1 comprises, in addition to the secondary formed by the coils 9 to 12, at least one other three-phase secondary and / or at least one other two-phase secondary, which can be realized in the same way as that in the form of coils 9 to 12. In this variant, the transformer 1 can supply, in a balanced manner, any number of charges different from 1. For example, for eleven charges, it is possible to use a three-phase secondary on nine charges and a diphasic secondary on two charges: 11 = 3 * 3 + 2.
Les figures 5 et 6 sont similaires aux figures 1 et 2, respectivement, et représentent un transformateur 20 selon un deuxième mode de réalisation de l'invention. Les éléments identiques ou similaires à des éléments du transformateur 1 de la figure 1 sont désignés par les mêmes références et ne sont plus décrits en détail. FIGS. 5 and 6 are similar to FIGS. 1 and 2, respectively, and represent a transformer 20 according to a second embodiment of the invention. Elements identical or similar to elements of transformer 1 of FIG. 1 are designated by the same references and are no longer described in detail.
Dans le transformateur 20, les positions des bobines 6, 9 et 10 d'une part et de la bobine 7 d'autre part sont inversées par rapport au transformateur 1 : les bobines 6, 9 et 10 entourent la colonne centrale 4 et la bobine 7 entoure la colonne latérale 3. A part cette différence, le transformateur 20 est sensiblement identique au transformateur 1.  In the transformer 20, the positions of the coils 6, 9 and 10 on the one hand and the coil 7 on the other hand are inverted with respect to the transformer 1: the coils 6, 9 and 10 surround the central column 4 and the coil 7 surrounds the side column 3. Apart from this difference, the transformer 20 is substantially identical to the transformer 1.
Le transformateur 20 présente les mêmes avantages précités que le transformateur 1. En particulier, le transformateur 20 présente des courants et des tensions en quadrature de phases. Les rapports des courants et des tensions cités précédemment sont conservés. Cependant, le transformateur 20 n'a plus la même symétrie de réalisation côté diphasé, ce qui implique une différence possible au niveau des inductances de fuites des deux phases diphasées.  The transformer 20 has the same advantages as the transformer 1. In particular, the transformer 20 has currents and voltages in phase quadrature. The ratios of currents and voltages quoted above are preserved. However, the transformer 20 no longer has the same two-phase side symmetry, which implies a possible difference in the leakage inductances of the two-phase phases.
Dans les transformateurs 10 et 20 des figures 1 et 5, les colonnes 3, 4 et 5 sont situées parallèlement les unes aux autres dans un même plan, ce qui correspond à une topologie de circuit magnétique couramment utilisée pour réaliser un transformateur triphasé équilibré à flux liés forcé à trois noyaux. Cependant, selon une variante de réalisation, un transformateur conforme à l'invention peut comprendre un circuit magnétique à trois colonnes reliées magnétiquement qui présente une autre topologie.  In the transformers 10 and 20 of FIGS. 1 and 5, the columns 3, 4 and 5 are located parallel to each other in the same plane, which corresponds to a magnetic circuit topology commonly used to produce a balanced three-phase flux transformer. linked forced to three nuclei. However, according to an alternative embodiment, a transformer according to the invention may comprise a magnetically connected three-column magnetic circuit which has another topology.
Ainsi, les figures 7 et 8 représentent chacune, en perspective, un circuit magnétique à trois colonnes pouvant être utilisé pour réaliser un transformateur conforme à l'invention. Sur les figures 7 et 8, on utilise les mêmes références que sur les figures 1 et 5 pour désigner des éléments correspondant, sans risque de confusion.  Thus, FIGS. 7 and 8 each represent, in perspective, a three-column magnetic circuit that can be used to produce a transformer according to the invention. In Figures 7 and 8, the same references as in Figures 1 and 5 are used to designate corresponding elements, without risk of confusion.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1. Transformateur (1, 20) triphasé-diphasé comprenant un circuit magnétique (2), des bobines triphasées et des bobines diphasées, dans lequel 1. Transformer (1, 20) three-phase-two-phase comprising a magnetic circuit (2), three-phase coils and two-phase coils, wherein
le circuit magnétique comprend une première colonne (3 ; 4), une deuxième colonne (4 ; 3) et une troisième colonne (5) reliées magnétiquement, the magnetic circuit comprises a first column (3; 4), a second column (4; 3) and a third column (5) connected magnetically,
les bobines triphasées comprenant une première bobine (6) de ni tours autour de la première colonne (3 ; 4), une deuxième bobine (7) de ni tours autour de la deuxième colonne (4 ; 3) et une troisième bobine (8) de ni tours autour de la troisième colonne (5), the three-phase coils comprising a first coil (6) with no turns around the first column (3; 4), a second coil (7) with no turns around the second column (4; 3) and a third coil (8) of no turns around the third column (5),
caractérisé en ce que characterized in that
les bobines diphasées comprennent une quatrième bobine (9) de n2 tours autour de la première colonne (3 ; 4), une cinquième bobine (10) de n'2 tours autour de la première colonne (3 ; 4), une sixième bobine (11) de n2 tours autour de la troisième colonne (5) et une septième bobine (12) de n'2 tours autour de la troisième colonne (5), the two-phase coils comprise a fourth coil (9) of n 2 turns around the first column (3; 4), a fifth coil (10) n ' 2 turns around the first column (3; 4), a sixth coil (11) of n 2 turns around the third column (5) and a seventh coil (12) of n ' 2 turns around the third column (5),
la quatrième bobine (9) et la septième bobine (12) étant reliées en série et formant une première phase diphasée, la quatrième bobine (9) et la septième bobine (12) présentant chacune un sens de bobinage correspondant, pour un courant (Ii) circulant dans la première phase diphasée, à des potentiels magnétiques (n2Ii, n'2Ii) de même sens, la cinquième bobine (10) et la sixième bobine (11) étant reliées en série et formant une deuxième phase diphasée, la cinquième bobine (10) et la sixième bobine (11) présentant chacune un sens de bobinage correspondant, pour un courant (I2) circulant dans la deuxième phase diphasée, à des potentiels magnétiques (n2I2, n'2I2) de même sens. the fourth coil (9) and the seventh coil (12) being connected in series and forming a first two-phase phase, the fourth coil (9) and the seventh coil (12) each having a corresponding winding direction, for a current (Ii circulating in the first two-phase phase, to magnetic potentials (n 2 Ii, n ' 2 Ii) of the same direction, the fifth coil (10) and the sixth coil (11) being connected in series and forming a second two-phase phase, the fifth coil (10) and the sixth coil (11) each having a corresponding winding direction, for a current (I 2 ) flowing in the second two-phase phase, to magnetic potentials (n 2 I 2 , n ' 2 I 2 ) of the same meaning.
2. Transformateur (1, 20) selon la revendication 1, dans lequel n2 2. Transformer (1, 20) according to claim 1, wherein n 2
= (2 + V3) n'2. = (2 + V3) n ' 2 .
3. Transformateur (1) selon l'une des revendications 1 et 2, dans lequel ladite deuxième colonne (4) est une colonne centrale située entre la première colonne (3) et la troisième colonne (5). 3. Transformer (1) according to one of claims 1 and 2, wherein said second column (4) is a central column located between the first column (3) and the third column (5).
4. Transformateur (20) selon l'une des revendications 1 et 2, dans lequel ladite première colonne (4) est une colonne centrale située entre la deuxième colonne (3) et la troisième colonne (5). 4. Transformer (20) according to one of claims 1 and 2, wherein said first column (4) is a central column located between the second column (3) and the third column (5).
5. Transformateur (1, 20) selon l'une des revendications 3 et 4, dans lequel le circuit magnétique (2) présente une symétrie par rapport à un axe de rotation passant dans la colonne centrale (4) et/ou par rapport à un plan de symétrie passant dans ladite colonne centrale (4). 5. Transformer (1, 20) according to one of claims 3 and 4, wherein the magnetic circuit (2) has a symmetry with respect to an axis of rotation passing through the central column (4) and / or with respect to a plane of symmetry passing through said central column (4).
6. Transformateur (1, 20) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, comprenant en outre au moins un ensemble supplémentaire de bobines triphasées ou de bobines diphasées. 6. Transformer (1, 20) according to one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising at least one additional set of three-phase coils or two-phase coils.
EP13719972.5A 2012-04-06 2013-04-03 Fixed three-phase to two-phase transformer with forced linked flux Active EP2834820B1 (en)

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FR1253183A FR2989213B1 (en) 2012-04-06 2012-04-06 THREE-PHASE DIPHASE FIXED TRANSFORMER WITH FORCES FLUX
PCT/FR2013/050731 WO2013150240A1 (en) 2012-04-06 2013-04-03 Fixed three-phase to two-phase transformer with forced linked flux

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RU2014144686A (en) 2016-05-27
CA2869347C (en) 2020-05-12
US20150077207A1 (en) 2015-03-19
EP2834820B1 (en) 2020-03-18
CA2869347A1 (en) 2013-10-10
JP6247282B2 (en) 2017-12-13
CN104246927A (en) 2014-12-24
CN104246927B (en) 2017-08-18
WO2013150240A1 (en) 2013-10-10
FR2989213B1 (en) 2014-05-02
JP2015512569A (en) 2015-04-27

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