EP2824689A1 - Déclencheur dynamique et commutateur d'installation électrique doté d'un déclencheur dynamique - Google Patents

Déclencheur dynamique et commutateur d'installation électrique doté d'un déclencheur dynamique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2824689A1
EP2824689A1 EP14170941.0A EP14170941A EP2824689A1 EP 2824689 A1 EP2824689 A1 EP 2824689A1 EP 14170941 A EP14170941 A EP 14170941A EP 2824689 A1 EP2824689 A1 EP 2824689A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
contact element
movable contact
switching device
switching
trigger
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP14170941.0A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2824689B1 (fr
Inventor
Pascal Dommen
Siegfried Mayer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ABB Schweiz AG
Original Assignee
ABB Schweiz AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ABB Schweiz AG filed Critical ABB Schweiz AG
Publication of EP2824689A1 publication Critical patent/EP2824689A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2824689B1 publication Critical patent/EP2824689B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/12—Automatic release mechanisms with or without manual release
    • H01H71/14—Electrothermal mechanisms
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/12—Automatic release mechanisms with or without manual release
    • H01H71/42—Induction-motor, induced-current, or electrodynamic release mechanisms
    • H01H71/43—Electrodynamic release mechanisms
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/12—Automatic release mechanisms with or without manual release
    • H01H71/24—Electromagnetic mechanisms
    • H01H71/2418—Electromagnetic mechanisms combined with an electrodynamic current limiting mechanism
    • H01H2071/2427—Electromagnetic mechanisms combined with an electrodynamic current limiting mechanism with blow-off movement tripping mechanism, e.g. electrodynamic effect on contacts trips the traditional trip device before it can unlatch the spring mechanism by itself
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/50—Manual reset mechanisms which may be also used for manual release
    • H01H71/52—Manual reset mechanisms which may be also used for manual release actuated by lever
    • H01H71/526—Manual reset mechanisms which may be also used for manual release actuated by lever the lever forming a toggle linkage with a second lever, the free end of which is directly and releasably engageable with a contact structure

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a dynamic release for an electrical installation switching device, in particular a circuit breaker, and an electrical switching device with an aforementioned dynamic release.
  • circuit breakers or circuit breakers.
  • the installations are usually protected against electrical faults by means of a thermal release and an electromagnetic release, which in the event of an electrical fault during operation of the circuit breaker act on a circuit breaker of the circuit breaker such that it unlatches (triggers) and a automatic interruption of the current path leads. That current path extends over a conductor section, which is typically routed through the circuit breaker, and is electrically interruptible at a disconnection point by the switching mechanism.
  • Verklinkungsstelle a switching lock unlatched, usually a movable contact element at the separation point along a path of a stationary contact element is pivoted away and thus the current path safely and reliably interrupted until the targeted restart of the circuit breaker.
  • a triggering of the switching mechanism in case of electrical overload with the thermal release takes place when the predetermined nominal value of the current flowing through the circuit breaker current is exceeded for a long time considerably.
  • the time to trip depends on the magnitude of the overcurrent. If the current in the main current path remains above the rated current for a longer time, this is called an overcurrent.
  • a bimetal which bends when heated by the flowing stream and triggers the shutdown mechanism.
  • the use of a thermal release comprising a strip of bimetallic strip or of a shape memory alloy is known. That thermal release acts in a release to a Verklinkungsstelle the switching mechanism, which is coupled to the movable contact element, to their unlatching.
  • the electromagnetic release opens about when a short-circuit current occurs, the movable contact element directly by impact, typically by means of a percussion anchor. At the same time, the electromagnetic release also actuates the switch lock, so that the switching device is permanently open.
  • a tripping (unlatching) of the switching mechanism and thus the interruption of the current path by means of the electromagnetic release within a few milliseconds takes place when a short circuit occurs in a system.
  • the shutdown is carried out by a current flowing through the electromagnet, which acts on such a way about a shock anchor on the switch lock, that this unlatches and interrupts the current path.
  • circuit breakers are known in which the magnetic field of a conductor through which flows in the case of large currents (as they occur, for example, overload) targeted to trigger the Verklinkungsstelle the switching mechanism.
  • the DE10013161A1 to provide the conductor section leading through the line switch with an automatically triggering trigger mechanism in which a lever arm from the magnetic field of the conductor is pivotable about an axis of rotation. In this case, this lever arm can act on the Verklinkungsstelle such that the latter unlocks and interrupts the current path.
  • the present invention is therefore in the light of the prior art, the object to provide a trigger for an electrical installation switching device, in particular circuit breaker, motor protection switch or the like, in which the magnetic field of a conductor portion through which is used for unlatching a switching mechanism, without compromising the compactness of the electrical Negative influence on the service switching device.
  • the trigger for an electrical installation switching device in particular a circuit breaker, a motor protection switch or the like, a switching mechanism and a ladder section having a first contact element and a movable contact element.
  • the conductor section is electrically interruptible at a separation point by the movable contact element.
  • the conductor section at the separation point such that in the event of a short circuit during operation of the service switching device, the movable contact element at the separation point due to a resulting magnetic field of the current-carrying conductor portion at the separation point along a path from the first contact element is repeleable and wegbewegbar.
  • the trigger has a triggering element, which is operatively connected to the movable contact element such that when moving away the movable contact element, a unlatching of the latching point of the switching mechanism can be achieved.
  • a first advantage of such a construction of the dynamic release is that the already existing in most cases movable contact element is now also used for unlatching the switch lock. This makes it possible to dispense with separate lever systems and the like with their own moving elements as far as possible, whereby the space required for the electrical service switching device is not or at most slightly larger than in known electrical service switching devices without the dynamic release.
  • Another advantage is that the assembly of the electrical service switching device despite an additional function in the form of dynamic release compared to known electrical service switching devices without the dynamic release is not or only slightly increased by the multiple use of in most cases already existing movable contact element.
  • Another advantage is that due to the multiple use of the already existing in most cases already movable contact element, the number of parts and complexity of the electrical service switching device despite the additional function in the form of dynamic release is not or at most slightly increased.
  • the first contact element may be a stationary contact.
  • the electrical installation switching device in particular a circuit breaker, a motor protection switch or the like, a switching mechanism and a ladder section with a first contact element and a movable contact element.
  • the conductor section is electrically interruptible at a separation point by the movable contact element.
  • the conductor section at the separation point such that in the event of a short circuit during operation of the service switching device, the movable contact element at the separation point due to a resulting magnetic field of the current-carrying conductor portion at the separation point along a path from the first contact element is repeleable and wegbewegbar.
  • the electrical installation switching device has a triggering element, which is operatively connected to the movable contact element such that when the movable contact element is moved away, a unlatching of the latching point of the switching mechanism can be achieved.
  • the inventive installation switching device also has a thermal trip device comprising a deflectable by the current bimetallic element or a device with a shape memory alloy, wherein the switch lock of the thermal release device via a line of action forming release mechanism triggered, that is unlatched.
  • line of action is understood to mean a device, in particular a mechanical device, which acts on the switching mechanism or acts on the switching mechanism on an element, for example in the form of a rocker arm.
  • Another advantage of using a spring is that with it the movable contact element with a spring mounted on a mobile as needed in the circuit breaker Contact unit of the switching mechanism is firmly held and positioned so that the movable contact element about a pivot point on the contact unit around the stationary contact or element is movable away.
  • the use of a contact unit of the switch lock may be advantageous to establish a first axis of rotation of the movable contact element relative to the contact unit to allow a dynamic lifting of the movable contact element from the mating contact, without the latch is unlatched immediately. This allows a certain tolerance of the service switching device against current or voltage fluctuations due to uncritical errors and the like to be secured in the power grid.
  • the spring is a torsion spring and the portion of the spring is bow-shaped.
  • the spring may be a single torsion spring or a multiple torsion spring, such as a double torsion spring.
  • a particularly space-saving dynamic release and thus a particularly compact installation switching device can be achieved when the bow-shaped portion extends in the direction of a first plane, which first plane is arranged parallel to a bearing surface of the movable contact element on the contact unit (39).
  • a further advantage is that an existing electrical installation switching device can be retrofitted by replacing the existing movable contact element to a service switching device with the additional function of dynamic opening, if an existing release mechanism for unlatching the switching mechanism is reusable.
  • the dynamic release can provide an alternative or additional functionality to the electromagnetic release as needed. Supplementary additional functionality can be achieved, for example, if the triggering characteristics of the dynamic release and the electromagnetic release are set to different threshold values, in order to allow a user of the electrical installation switching device different protection shutdowns for two different short-circuit currents.
  • the threshold value of the dynamic release can be adjusted such that the dynamic release causes the latching mechanism to unlatch at the same short-circuit currents as the electromagnetic release.
  • the dynamic release can provide redundancy to the electromagnetic release and vice versa. Another benefit of dynamically triggering the unlatching of the latch is that it is faster in time than unlatching with the electromagnetic trip that is the trigger of the dynamic release.
  • a mechanically particularly simple embodiment of an installation switching device can be achieved if the triggering mechanism has a switching arm and the switching mechanism can be unlatched directly from the triggering element via the switching arm.
  • the trigger mechanism itself may consist of only one switching arm.
  • Particularly compact and yet mechanically simple embodiments of an installation switching device can be realized if the switching arm is already present, for example in connection with an electromagnetic release or a thermal release.
  • the trigger element is a contour region of the movable contact element.
  • the contour region is formed and arranged relative to the switching arm so that this contour region presses in a short circuit during operation of the service switching device on the switching arm such that the switching arm initiates the switch-off movement of the switching mechanism.
  • this contour region may be part of an outer contour or part of an inner contour of the movable contact element.
  • an inner contour is here called an edge of a penetration in an otherwise strip-shaped movable contact element.
  • this translation is achieved in that the bow-shaped portion of the spring extends in the direction of a second plane, said second plane is arranged transversely to a bearing surface of the movable contact element on the contact unit.
  • the term "transverse" not only orthogonal to the support surface extending orientations are understood, but also orientations in which the second plane is arranged obliquely to a bearing surface of the movable contact element on the contact unit.
  • a recess have, through which the triggering mechanism is led out.
  • an inner contour for example an edge of the recess, which in the event of a short circuit during operation of the service switching device presses on the switching arm such that the switching arm initiates and unlatches the opening movement of the switching mechanism.
  • FIG. 1 schematically shows an insight into an open housing 46 of an electrical installation device 1, here a circuit breaker 1.
  • a circuit breaker 1 From a first terminal 2 extends a current path via a terminal rail 4 and at a junction 5 welded thereto first conductor piece 6, a strand 7, a movable Contact element 8 and from there via a bobbin of a magnetic release 9 to a second terminal 3.
  • the terminals can be designed, for example, as plug-in terminals or as screw terminals as needed.
  • a strip 11 of bimetallic welded with its attachment end 12 on the first conductor piece 6 and thus forms a thermal release 13 of the circuit breaker 1.
  • the detailed structure of the thermal release 13 is in the DE102009021773A1 described.
  • the opposite, free end of the bimetallic strip 11 serves as an actuating end 14 for triggering a unlatching of Verklinkungsstelle a switching mechanism 15 and is connected via a flexible strand 7 with the movable contact element 8.
  • the movable contact element 8 is mounted pivotably about a first axis of rotation 16 of a bearing point.
  • the electrical service switching device 1 is turned on, wherein the switching mechanism 15 is in a latched (biased) state.
  • a shift knob 18 is connected to the switching mechanism 15 such that a user of the electrical installation switching device 1 can visually recognize that the current path is closed.
  • the movable contact element 8 has at least one contact piece 20 and, together with a first contact element 21 with likewise at least one fixed contact piece 22, a multiply revealable and closable separation point 23 of the current path of the electrical service switching device 1.
  • Fig. 2 shows that the electrical installation switching device 1 according to the first embodiment is in the transition from an on state to an off state. Accordingly, the movable contact element 8 is located between a first end position on the stationary mating contact 21 with a closed current path and a second end position with maximum open position of the movable contact element 8 near the bearing end 32 at the thermal release 13.
  • the dynamic release 24 is at such a threshold value of a short-circuit current set that he unlocks the switching mechanism 15 and the current path interrupts the transition of the movable contact element 8 from the on state to the off state. In this case, the shift knob 18 is folded over by the switch lock 15, so that a user of the electrical installation switching device can visually recognize that the current path is interrupted is.
  • the term dynamic release 24 is understood to mean the movable contact element 8 and a third line of action 25.
  • the dynamic release 24 comprises the switching mechanism 8 and a conductor section 26 with the first contact element 21 and the movable contact element 8.
  • the conductor section 26 is electrically interruptible at the separation point 23 by the movable contact element 8.
  • the conductor portion 26 is U-shaped at the separation point 23, so that in the event of a short circuit during operation of the service switching device 1, the movable contact element 8 at the separation point 23 due to a resulting magnetic field of the current-carrying conductor portion 26 at the separation point 23 along a path from the first contact element 21st repelled, so lifted and pushed away.
  • the movable contact element 8 is operatively connected to a triggering element 37, so that when moving away the movable contact element 8, a triggering of the switching mechanism 15 by unlatching the Verklinkungsstelle can be achieved.
  • FIG. 3 shows that the movable contact element 8 is shown in a position in which the current path is completely interrupted by a unlatching of the switching mechanism 15 and the service switching device 1 is turned off.
  • the off position when the separation point 23 is open, the free end of the movable contact element 8 is located with the contact piece 20 adjacent to the U-shaped bearing end 32 of the thermal release 13, so that an electric arc for extinction in an arc quenching chamber 27 is commutated.
  • the bimetallic strip 11 bends so far with its free end, which is designed as an actuating end 7, due to the overcurrent flowing through it and the current heat generated by it so that it acts on the switching mechanism 15 via a first line of action 28 and ensures there, that a latch is unlatched.
  • the realization of the interaction of the bimetallic strip 11 with the switching mechanism 15 can be realized in various ways and for example in the DE102008006863A1 explained in more detail. After unlatching the Verklinkungsstelle the switching mechanism of the switching mechanism 15 via the third line of action 25 acts on the movable contact element 8 and pivots this clockwise, so that the movable contact element 8 is lifted from the first contact element 21 and the electrical separation point 23 is opened and through the switch latch 15 is kept open.
  • a reconnection of the switching mechanism 15 can be done via the switch knob 18, which cooperates with the switching mechanism 15 via a fifth line of action 29 and when re-latching the Verklinkungsstelle allowed when actuated, as soon as the bimetallic strip 11 during decay the overcurrent has returned to its original position.
  • An adjustment of the thermal release 13 can be carried out via an adjusting screw 30. For more detailed information on this, go to DE102009021773A1 directed.
  • the arc guide rail 35 is made with the thermal release 13 and the first conductor piece 6 together with the terminal rail 4 and welded thereto first terminal 2 as a prefabricated unit, which can be used during installation in a rational manner in the service switching device 1.
  • no flexible strands are used in the structural unit, but rather solid busbars or conductor strips which are welded or soldered together. Of course, they could also be screwed or connected to one another in a force, shape and / or material fit in any known manner.
  • the use of solid components and the elimination of flexible strands promotes easy handling of the module during installation of the service switching device.
  • the movable contact element 8 about the first axis of rotation 16 is pivotable.
  • the switching mechanism 15 itself comprises a contact unit 36 made of insulating material, on which the movable contact element 8 is held and positioned with a torsion spring 37.
  • a torsion spring 37 can not only the desired contact force with a closed current path, but also the required Nachspred réelle be achieved.
  • An erosion of the contact pieces 20,22 and associated loss of material can be compensated so while maintaining a sufficiently sized contact force by tracking the movable contact element 8 by means of the torsion spring 37.
  • torsion spring 37 is sized to permit pivoting of the movable contact element 8 about the first axis of rotation 16 during dynamic opening upon the occurrence of high short circuit currents.
  • the torsion spring 36 is held on the shorter leg of the contact unit 36, while at the distal end of the longer leg, a bow-shaped portion 38 is arranged.
  • the torsion spring 37 is bow-shaped and dimensioned in said section 38, that this section 38 forms the trigger element, which presses in the event of a short circuit during operation of the service switching device directly and in such a way on the trigger mechanism 39, that this triggering mechanism 39 initiates the opening movement of the switching mechanism 15, by unlatching the latch.
  • the service switching device of the trigger mechanism 39 is formed by a rotatably mounted on the contact unit 36 of the switching mechanism 15 switching arm 39, the free end is arranged at the closed end current path 14 of the bimetallic strip 11 ThermobimetallstMails.
  • the actuating end 14 pushes the switching arm 39 in the direction of the shift knob 27 away so that the Verklinkungsstelle the switching mechanism 15 is unlatched and the current path is interrupted.
  • the movable contact element 8, the spring portion 38 and leading to Verklinkungsstelle the switch lock lever 39 functionally the third line of action 25, while the operating end 14 with the lever 39 functionally forms the first line of action 28.
  • the switching mechanism 15 is itself pivotally mounted about the second axis of rotation 40 in order to bring the entire switching mechanism 15 by rotation against the closing direction in an open position of the service switching device.
  • the axis of rotation 40 may be designed as a parallel guide for a linear movement.
  • the second axis of rotation 40 is stationarily mounted in the housing 46 of the service switching device 1.
  • the movable contact element has two or more contact pieces instead of a single contact piece, these can be mechanically connected to one another via a supporting contact bridge, wherein the two contact pieces are separated from each other by a recess.
  • the switching arm 39 of the triggering mechanism coming from the contact unit 36 may be guided through this recess through to the thermal release 13.
  • the proximal end of the spring section 38 presses against the switching arm 39.
  • the bow-shaped section 38 of the torsion spring 37 extends in the direction of a first plane 41, which first plane 41 parallel to a bearing surface 42 of the movable Contact element 8 is arranged on the contact unit 36.
  • FIG. 6 and Fig. 7 shown third embodiment of an electrical installation switching device 100 differs only in the design of the bow-shaped portion 38 of the torsion spring 37 from the basis 4 and FIG. 5 Specifically, the difference lies in the fact that the bow-shaped portion 38 extends in the third embodiment 100 in the direction of a second plane 42, which second plane 43 transversely, that is seen in the XY plane obliquely to the support surface 42nd of the movable contact element 8 extends to the contact unit 36.
  • This is in contrast to the second embodiment 10 according to Fig. 4 a translation of the comparatively small pivoting movement of the bow-shaped portion 38 relative to the movement of the movable contact element 8 achievable to enlarge the path portion for triggering the unlatching of the Verklinkungsstelle.
  • the movable contact element instead of a single contact piece 20 has two or more contact pieces, these can be mechanically connected to each other again via a supporting contact bridge, wherein the two contact pieces are separated by a recess.
  • the switching arm 39 of the triggering mechanism can come from the contact unit 36 come through this recess through the thermal trigger 13.
  • the proximal end of the spring section 38 presses against the switching arm 39 during dynamic release.
  • the bow-shaped section 38 of the torsion spring 37 extends in the direction of the first plane 41, which is first Level 41 is arranged parallel to the bearing surface 40 of the movable contact element 8 on the contact unit 36.
  • the fourth embodiment of an electrical installation switching device 1000 shown differs from the second embodiment 10 and the third embodiment 100 in that the movable contact element 8 has a recess 44 through which the triggering mechanism 39 is led out.
  • the fourth embodiment 1000 does not form a spring portion of the torsion spring 37, the trigger element, but an inner contour portion 45 of the movable contact element 8 at the recess 44.
  • the edge 45 is executed acute-angled and only slightly deburred, preferably rounded.

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EP14170941.0A 2013-06-13 2014-06-03 Déclencheur dynamique et commutateur d'installation électrique doté d'un déclencheur dynamique Active EP2824689B1 (fr)

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DE102013009879 2013-06-13

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EP2824689B1 EP2824689B1 (fr) 2016-04-06

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110349819A (zh) * 2019-05-31 2019-10-18 厦门莱能科技有限公司 一种手自一体开关装置

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0168888A2 (fr) * 1984-07-18 1986-01-22 SACE S.p.A. Costruzioni Elettromeccaniche Disjoncteur limiteur de courant à déclenchement ultra rapide
DE29511457U1 (de) * 1995-07-15 1996-11-14 Klöckner-Moeller GmbH, 53115 Bonn Strombegrenzender Schutzschalter
DE10013161A1 (de) 2000-03-17 2001-09-27 Aeg Niederspannungstech Gmbh Kombinierte Auslösevorrichtung für einen Leistungsschalter
DE102008006863A1 (de) 2007-05-23 2009-01-22 Abb Ag Elektrisches Installationsschaltgerät
DE102009021773A1 (de) 2009-05-18 2010-11-25 Abb Ag Thermischer Auslöser und elektrisches Schaltgerät mit einem thermischen Auslöser

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0168888A2 (fr) * 1984-07-18 1986-01-22 SACE S.p.A. Costruzioni Elettromeccaniche Disjoncteur limiteur de courant à déclenchement ultra rapide
DE29511457U1 (de) * 1995-07-15 1996-11-14 Klöckner-Moeller GmbH, 53115 Bonn Strombegrenzender Schutzschalter
DE10013161A1 (de) 2000-03-17 2001-09-27 Aeg Niederspannungstech Gmbh Kombinierte Auslösevorrichtung für einen Leistungsschalter
DE102008006863A1 (de) 2007-05-23 2009-01-22 Abb Ag Elektrisches Installationsschaltgerät
DE102009021773A1 (de) 2009-05-18 2010-11-25 Abb Ag Thermischer Auslöser und elektrisches Schaltgerät mit einem thermischen Auslöser

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