EP2811756A1 - Loudspeaker - Google Patents

Loudspeaker Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2811756A1
EP2811756A1 EP13170503.0A EP13170503A EP2811756A1 EP 2811756 A1 EP2811756 A1 EP 2811756A1 EP 13170503 A EP13170503 A EP 13170503A EP 2811756 A1 EP2811756 A1 EP 2811756A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
housing
loudspeaker according
sound
channels
bass reflex
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP13170503.0A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2811756B1 (en
Inventor
Gerd KÖCK
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Kock Gerd
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Kock Gerd
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Publication date
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Priority to EP13170503.0A priority Critical patent/EP2811756B1/en
Priority to DK13170503.0T priority patent/DK2811756T3/en
Priority to CN201420495344.XU priority patent/CN204168461U/en
Publication of EP2811756A1 publication Critical patent/EP2811756A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2811756B1 publication Critical patent/EP2811756B1/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/20—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
    • H04R1/22—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired frequency characteristic only 
    • H04R1/28—Transducer mountings or enclosures modified by provision of mechanical or acoustic impedances, e.g. resonator, damping means
    • H04R1/2807—Enclosures comprising vibrating or resonating arrangements
    • H04R1/2815—Enclosures comprising vibrating or resonating arrangements of the bass reflex type
    • H04R1/2823—Vents, i.e. ports, e.g. shape thereof or tuning thereof with damping material
    • H04R1/2826—Vents, i.e. ports, e.g. shape thereof or tuning thereof with damping material for loudspeaker transducers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/02—Casings; Cabinets ; Supports therefor; Mountings therein
    • H04R1/023—Screens for loudspeakers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/20—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
    • H04R1/32—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only
    • H04R1/34—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only by using a single transducer with sound reflecting, diffracting, directing or guiding means
    • H04R1/345—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only by using a single transducer with sound reflecting, diffracting, directing or guiding means for loudspeakers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a loudspeaker having a housing and having at least one sound transducer arranged in the housing.
  • Loudspeakers of this type are usually produced as essentially cuboid boxes, with a front wall facing the listener, to which one or more loudspeaker chassis are mounted as sound transducers.
  • the loudspeaker chassis are mounted on the front wall or fitted flush with it, since the sound should be radiated as freely as possible into the room.
  • Loudspeakers of this type generally have comparatively high distortions or harmonic distortion that affect the sound reproduction.
  • Due to the open arrangement there is a risk of damaging the mechanically sensitive loudspeaker chassis, which is often attempted with a fabric cover or the like. On the one hand, these measures often only provide inadequate mechanical protection and, on the other hand, the frames of the covers placed on the loudspeaker housing can lead to disturbing rattling noises.
  • the housing of conventional speakers which are made of wood or wood-like materials such as MDF, not sufficiently soundless, ie despite internal stiffening the sound of falsifying secondary sound is radiated from the housing walls.
  • EP 0191595 B1 is a honeycomb stiffening a speaker housing known to address this problem, but it does not completely solve in practice.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a loudspeaker of the type mentioned, which allows a possible distortion-free sound reproduction.
  • the invention is based primarily on the recognition that in the open sound radiation of a mid-range speaker mutual interference, ie a sound distortion, the sound waves generated by different locations of the speaker diaphragm occurs. According to the invention, it is therefore proposed that a plurality of channels formed in the housing and extending apart from one another are provided for the sound waves generated by the front and / or rear of the at least one sound transducer. A reaction of the sound waves radiated from one location of the membrane to another location of the membrane is thereby avoided, whereby the distortion of the loudspeaker is reduced.
  • the at least one sound transducer is arranged behind a front wall of the housing, which has a plurality of sound passage openings.
  • the front wall of the housing thus forms the protective device for the sound transducer, so that additional protection elements are unnecessary.
  • the sound passage openings are formed as the separate channels and each have a width which is less than half the wavelength of the highest frequency generated by the at least one sound transducer.
  • the term width is to be seen in this context in relation to the operational layout of the speaker in the room.
  • the sound propagation is in the horizontal direction more critical than in the vertical direction. The said limitation of the dimension of the sound passage openings in the width prevents resonances of the sound waves within the openings.
  • the channels in a preferred embodiment of the invention extend substantially perpendicular to the plane of the front wall and are formed as conically tapered oblong holes in the direction of a rear side of the front wall.
  • two transducers are provided, of which the first as a midrange or midrange, preferably as a dynamic cone speaker, and the second as a tweeter, preferably as a ring horn speaker is formed.
  • the case of the speaker can be made compact when the woofer section is played by a separate bass speaker module.
  • Such a design with two compact mid / high speakers and separate bass module is commonly known as a satellite system.
  • the channels arranged in front of the midrange have a contour which, taking into account the membrane stroke of the midrange, extends as far as the membrane thereof and forms a profile which is complementary to the membrane.
  • the sound radiation from the front of the midrange is thus carried out in each case by the channels corresponding surface areas of the midrange diaphragm and a mutual influence of the membrane sectors thus formed is prevented.
  • the housing is advantageously designed as a bass reflex enclosure with a bass reflex opening arranged in the front wall, which communicates with the rear side of the mid-range via a system of separate bass reflex channels.
  • the bass reflex channels are advantageously sized so that the acoustic load on the front and the back of the midrange is balanced, which further reduces distortion of the playback.
  • these therefore have such a design that their changes in direction in the housing are fluent-bent, wherein the smallest longitudinal extent of their cross-sectional area is used as a measure of the smallest radius of a change in direction.
  • bass reflex channels no acoustic resonances should occur in the bass reflex channels. They therefore advantageously have cross-sectional areas whose maximum length is less than half the wavelength of the highest frequency of the sound converter communicating with the bass reflex opening.
  • Practical tuning of the bass reflex system provides for a center frequency in the range of 80 Hz to 120 Hz.
  • the midrange driver excites the bass reflex channels in the emission of frequencies beyond 200 Hz to 5 kHz, but without generating a cavity resonance.
  • frequencies from 200 Hz to 5 kHz enter the bass reflex port from the room and are prevented by the small structures from generating resonances and / or cancellations in the box volume. This contributes to the avoidance of uneven membrane loading of the midrange.
  • the housing is composed in a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention of a plurality of plate-like moldings.
  • the individual molded parts have recesses which form the bass reflex channels and other free spaces of the housing in an assembled form.
  • the molded parts may be formed as milled parts or overfirst castings of metal, preferably of an aluminum alloy, or as a body produced by a 3D printing process and screwed, glued or welded together.
  • the midrange can be inclined in the housing by 0.5 ° to 5 °, preferably about 2.5 °, in the direction of the tweeter. at an angle of 2.5 °, the effect is achieved at a distance of about 2.5 m.
  • the speaker shown in the drawing has a housing 10 that is composed of a plurality of plate-like mold parts 12 - 34.
  • Fig. 1 shows a front view of the speaker, with the front wall forming molding 12, wherein behind the front wall centric a tweeter 38 and peripherally a midrange 40 are arranged close to each other.
  • the front wall 12 has a thickness of about 10 mm and, like the other mold parts 14-34, is a milled cast part made of an aluminum alloy and thus has a high mechanical stability.
  • the front wall is penetrated by a plurality of arranged in a regular grid sound passage openings 42 which are formed as slots and taper slightly tapered towards the inside of the housing as channels.
  • the apertures 42 are sized so that their width is less than half the wavelength of the highest frequency generated by the tweeter, thereby preventing the formation of resonances in the apertures 42 in the horizontal listening plane.
  • bass reflex channels 46 ( Fig. 2 ) communicating with the back of the midrange 40.
  • the bass reflex channels are designed and sized so that no turbulence and / or resonance can occur in them.
  • the complex shape of the separate bass reflex channels is made possible by the structure of the housing 10 of the plate-like mold parts 12 - 28, each with adjacent recesses.
  • the mold parts 14 and 16 which have a central recess for the trained as an annular horn tweeter 38, in the area of the midrange 40 but the sound openings 42 channel and contour adapted to continue close to the surface of the conical membrane of the midrange, the remaining Distance is barely greater than required by the diaphragm stroke. This leads, as it were in a division of the sound radiating surface of the midrange into each other not acoustically influencing sectors whose size corresponds approximately to the openings 42. As Fig. 1 this size is only a few percent of the total area. This almost leads to a rectification of the radiated sound waves and reduces distortion of the sound.
  • the formed by the mold parts 30 - 34 rear portion of the housing 10 is acoustically decoupled from the front of arranged moldings 12 - 28 and contains provided therein, not shown recesses, the electronic and mechanical components of a crossover, including those required for the connection of a speaker cable Parts, for splitting the supplied electrical music signal in suitable for the respective speaker chassis frequency band.
  • a crossover is basically known and needs no further explanation here.
  • Fig. 3 shows as an example of the complex design of the mold parts 18 - 28, the molding 26 with a series of recesses, each part of the Bass reflex channels 46 are.
  • a plurality of holes 48 is shown, which serve to screw the moldings together.
  • Both the moldings and the housing of the tweeter 38 and the midrange 40 can be screwed with high power. This results in a loudspeaker cabinet that is acoustically dead and thus can not exert any disturbing influence on the sound reproduction.
  • the invention relates to a speaker with a housing 10 and at least one arranged in the housing sound transducers 38, 40.
  • the invention proposes that a plurality of in the housing 10th formed, separate from each other extending channels 42, 44, 46 is provided for the sound waves generated by the front and / or rear of the at least one sound transducer 38, 40.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Otolaryngology (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Obtaining Desirable Characteristics In Audible-Bandwidth Transducers (AREA)

Abstract

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Lautsprecher mit einem Gehäuse (10) und mit mindestens einem in dem Gehäuse angeordneten Schallwandler (38, 40). Um eine möglichst verzerrungsfreie Schallwiedergabe durch den Lautsprecher zu ermöglichen, wird erfindungsgemäß vorgeschlagen, dass eine Vielzahl von in dem Gehäuse (10) ausgebildeten, getrennt voneinander verlaufenden Kanälen (42, 44, 46) für die von der Vorder- und/oder Rückseite des mindestens einen Schallwandlers (38, 40) erzeugten Schallwellen vorgesehen ist.The invention relates to a loudspeaker with a housing (10) and with at least one sound transducer (38, 40) arranged in the housing. In order to allow a possible distortion-free sound reproduction through the speaker, the invention proposes that a plurality of in the housing (10) formed, separated from one another channels (42, 44, 46) for the front and / or rear of the at least a sound transducer (38, 40) generated sound waves is provided.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Lautsprecher mit einem Gehäuse und mit mindestens einem in dem Gehäuse angeordneten Schallwandler.The invention relates to a loudspeaker having a housing and having at least one sound transducer arranged in the housing.

Lautsprecher dieser Art werden üblicherweise als im Wesentlichen quaderförmige Boxen hergestellt, mit einer dem Hörer zugewandten Frontwand, an der ein oder mehrere Lautsprecherchassis als Schallwandler montiert sind. Die Lautsprecherchassis sind dabei auf der Frontwand montiert oder bündig in diese eingepasst, da der Schall möglichst frei in den Raum abgestrahlt werden soll. Lautsprecher dieser Art weisen in der Regel vergleichsweise hohe Verzerrungen oder Klirrfaktoren auf, die die Schallwiedergabe beeinträchtigen. Weiterhin besteht auf Grund der offenen Anordnung die Gefahr einer Beschädigung der mechanisch empfindlichen Lautsprecherchassis, der man oft mit einer Stoffabdeckung oder dergleichen zu begegnen versucht. Zum einen stellen diese Maßnahmen oft nur einen unzureichenden mechanischen Schutz dar und zum anderen können die auf das Lautsprechergehäuse aufgesetzten Rahmen der Abdeckungen zu störenden Klappergeräuschen führen.Loudspeakers of this type are usually produced as essentially cuboid boxes, with a front wall facing the listener, to which one or more loudspeaker chassis are mounted as sound transducers. The loudspeaker chassis are mounted on the front wall or fitted flush with it, since the sound should be radiated as freely as possible into the room. Loudspeakers of this type generally have comparatively high distortions or harmonic distortion that affect the sound reproduction. Furthermore, due to the open arrangement, there is a risk of damaging the mechanically sensitive loudspeaker chassis, which is often attempted with a fabric cover or the like. On the one hand, these measures often only provide inadequate mechanical protection and, on the other hand, the frames of the covers placed on the loudspeaker housing can lead to disturbing rattling noises.

Weiterhin sind die Gehäuse herkömmlicher Lautsprecherboxen, die aus Holz oder holzähnlichen Werkstoffen wie MDF gefertigt sind, nicht hinreichend schalltot, d.h. trotz innerer Aussteifungen wird von den Gehäusewandungen den Klang verfälschender Sekundärschall abgestrahlt. Aus der EP 0191595 B1 ist eine wabenartige Aussteifung eines Lautsprechergehäuses bekannt, die diesem Problem begegnen soll, es in der Praxis aber nicht vollständig löst.Furthermore, the housing of conventional speakers, which are made of wood or wood-like materials such as MDF, not sufficiently soundless, ie despite internal stiffening the sound of falsifying secondary sound is radiated from the housing walls. From the EP 0191595 B1 is a honeycomb stiffening a speaker housing known to address this problem, but it does not completely solve in practice.

Schließlich ist festzustellen, dass die von Mitteltönern und Tieftönern erzeugten Schallwellen sich abhängig von ihrer Abstrahlposition auf der jeweiligen Membran gegenseitig beeinflussen, was ebenfalls zu einer Klangverfälschung führt.Finally, it should be noted that the sound waves produced by midrange and woofers, depending on their radiation position on the respective Affect each other, which also leads to a distortion of the sound.

Ausgehend hiervon besteht die Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung darin, einen Lautsprecher der eingangs genannten Art bereitzustellen, der eine möglichst verzerrungsfreie Schallwiedergabe ermöglicht.Proceeding from this, the object of the present invention is to provide a loudspeaker of the type mentioned, which allows a possible distortion-free sound reproduction.

Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe wird die in Patentanspruch 1 angegebene Merkmalskombination vorgeschlagen. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen und Weiterbildungen der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den abhängigen Ansprüchen.To solve this problem, the feature combination specified in claim 1 is proposed. Advantageous embodiments and modifications of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims.

Die Erfindung geht vor allem von der Erkenntnis aus, dass bei der offenen Schallabstrahlung eines Mitteltonlautsprechers eine gegenseitige Beeinflussung, also eine Klangverzerrung, der von unterschiedlichen Orten der Lautsprechermembran erzeugten Schallwellen auftritt. Gemäß der Erfindung wird daher vorgeschlagen, dass eine Vielzahl von in dem Gehäuse ausgebildeten, getrennt voneinander verlaufenden Kanälen für die von der Vorder-und/oder Rückseite des mindestens einen Schallwandlers erzeugten Schallwellen vorgesehen ist. Eine Rückwirkung der von einem Ort der Membran abgestrahlten Schallwellen auf einen anderen Ort der Membran wird dadurch vermieden, womit die Verzerrungen des Lautsprechers verringert werden.The invention is based primarily on the recognition that in the open sound radiation of a mid-range speaker mutual interference, ie a sound distortion, the sound waves generated by different locations of the speaker diaphragm occurs. According to the invention, it is therefore proposed that a plurality of channels formed in the housing and extending apart from one another are provided for the sound waves generated by the front and / or rear of the at least one sound transducer. A reaction of the sound waves radiated from one location of the membrane to another location of the membrane is thereby avoided, whereby the distortion of the loudspeaker is reduced.

In bevorzugter Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist der mindestens eine Schallwandler hinter einer Frontwand des Gehäuses angeordnet ist, die eine Vielzahl von Schalldurchtrittsöffnungen aufweist. Die Frontwand des Gehäuses bildet damit die Schutzvorrichtung für die Schallwandler, so dass zusätzliche Schutzelemente entbehrlich sind. Zweckmäßig sind die Schalldurchtrittsöffnungen als die voneinander getrennten Kanäle ausgebildet und weisen jeweils eine Breite auf, die geringer ist als die Hälfte der Wellenlänge der höchsten von dem mindestens einen Schallwandler erzeugten Frequenz. Der Begriff Breite ist in diesem Zusammenhang in Relation zu der Betriebsaufstellung des Lautsprechers im Raum zu sehen. Die Schallausbreitung ist in horizontaler Richtung kritischer als in vertikaler Richtung. Die genannte Begrenzung der Abmessung der Schalldurchtrittsöffnungen in der Breite verhindert Resonanzen der Schallwellen innerhalb der Öffnungen. Dies wird noch dadurch unterstützt, dass die Kanäle in bevorzugter Ausgestaltung der Erfindung sich im Wesentlichen senkrecht zur Ebene der Frontwand erstrecken und als sich konisch in Richtung einer Rückseite der Frontwand verjüngende Langlöcher ausgebildet sind. Zur Abdeckung eines weiten Frequenzbereichs ist es von Vorteil, wenn zwei Schallwandler vorgesehen sind, von denen der erste als Mitteltöner oder Tiefmitteltöner, vorzugsweise als dynamischer Konuslautsprecher, und der zweite als Hochtöner, vorzugsweise als Ringhornlautsprecher, ausgebildet ist. Das Gehäuse des Lautsprechers lässt sich kompakt gestalten, wenn der Tieftonbereich von einem separaten Basslautsprechermodul wiedergegeben wird. Eine derartige Gestaltung mit zwei kompakten Mittel/Hochtonlautsprechern und separatem Bassmodul ist allgemein als Satellitensystem bekannt.In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the at least one sound transducer is arranged behind a front wall of the housing, which has a plurality of sound passage openings. The front wall of the housing thus forms the protective device for the sound transducer, so that additional protection elements are unnecessary. Suitably, the sound passage openings are formed as the separate channels and each have a width which is less than half the wavelength of the highest frequency generated by the at least one sound transducer. The term width is to be seen in this context in relation to the operational layout of the speaker in the room. The sound propagation is in the horizontal direction more critical than in the vertical direction. The said limitation of the dimension of the sound passage openings in the width prevents resonances of the sound waves within the openings. This is further supported by the fact that the channels in a preferred embodiment of the invention extend substantially perpendicular to the plane of the front wall and are formed as conically tapered oblong holes in the direction of a rear side of the front wall. To cover a wide frequency range, it is advantageous if two transducers are provided, of which the first as a midrange or midrange, preferably as a dynamic cone speaker, and the second as a tweeter, preferably as a ring horn speaker is formed. The case of the speaker can be made compact when the woofer section is played by a separate bass speaker module. Such a design with two compact mid / high speakers and separate bass module is commonly known as a satellite system.

In weiterer, besonders vorteilhafter Ausgestaltung der Erfindung weisen die vor dem Mitteltöner angeordneten Kanäle eine Kontur auf, die sich unter Berücksichtigung des Membranhubs des Mitteltöners bis an dessen Membran erstreckt und ein zu der Membran komplementäres Profil bildet. Die Schallabstrahlung von der Vorderseite des Mitteltöners erfolgt damit jeweils von den Kanälen entsprechenden Flächenbereichen der Mitteltönermembran und eine gegenseitige Beeinflussung der so gebildeten Membransektoren wird verhindert.In a further, particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention, the channels arranged in front of the midrange have a contour which, taking into account the membrane stroke of the midrange, extends as far as the membrane thereof and forms a profile which is complementary to the membrane. The sound radiation from the front of the midrange is thus carried out in each case by the channels corresponding surface areas of the midrange diaphragm and a mutual influence of the membrane sectors thus formed is prevented.

Zur Erhöhung des Wirkungsgrads der Mitteltonwiedergabe ist das Gehäuse vorteilhaft als Bassreflexgehäuse mit einer in der Frontwand angeordneten Bassreflexöffnung ausgebildet, die über ein System von voneinander getrennten Bassreflexkanälen mit der Rückseite des Mitteltöners kommuniziert. Die Bassreflexkanäle sind vorteilhaft so bemessen, dass die akustische Belastung der Vorderseite und der Rückseite des Mitteltöners ausgeglichen ist, was Verzerrungen der Wiedergabe weiter reduziert. Weiterhin sollen in den Bassreflexkanälen keine turbulenten Strömungen und/oder Strömungsreflexionen entstehen. Vorteilhaft weisen diese daher so gestaltet, dass ihre Richtungsänderungen im Gehäuse fließend-gebogen sind, wobei als kleinster Radius einer Richtungsänderung die kleinste Längserstreckung ihrer Querschnittsfläche als Maß herangezogen wird. Weiterhin sollen in den Bassreflexkanälen keine akustischen Resonanzen auftreten. Sie weisen daher vorteilhaft Querschnittsflächen auf, deren größtes Längenmaß geringer ist als die Hälfte der Wellenlänge der höchsten Frequenz des mit der Bassreflexöffnung kommunizierenden Schallwandlers. Eine praxisgerechte Abstimmung des Bassreflexsystems sieht eine Mittenfrequenz im Bereich von 80 Hz bis 120 Hz vor. Der Mitteltöner regt die Bassreflexkanäle bei der Abstrahlung von Frequenzen jenseits von 200 Hz bis 5 kHz an, allerdings ohne eine Hohlraumresonanz zu erzeugen. Umgekehrt treten Frequenzen von 200 Hz bis 5 kHz aus dem Raum in die Bassreflexöffnung ein und werden durch die kleinen Strukturen daran gehindert Resonanzen und/oder Auslöschungen im Boxenvolumen zu erzeugen. Dies trägt zu der Vermeidung einer ungleichen Membranbelastung des Mitteltöners bei.To increase the efficiency of the mid-tone reproduction, the housing is advantageously designed as a bass reflex enclosure with a bass reflex opening arranged in the front wall, which communicates with the rear side of the mid-range via a system of separate bass reflex channels. The bass reflex channels are advantageously sized so that the acoustic load on the front and the back of the midrange is balanced, which further reduces distortion of the playback. Furthermore, should in the Bass reflex channels no turbulent flows and / or flow reflections arise. Advantageously, these therefore have such a design that their changes in direction in the housing are fluent-bent, wherein the smallest longitudinal extent of their cross-sectional area is used as a measure of the smallest radius of a change in direction. Furthermore, no acoustic resonances should occur in the bass reflex channels. They therefore advantageously have cross-sectional areas whose maximum length is less than half the wavelength of the highest frequency of the sound converter communicating with the bass reflex opening. Practical tuning of the bass reflex system provides for a center frequency in the range of 80 Hz to 120 Hz. The midrange driver excites the bass reflex channels in the emission of frequencies beyond 200 Hz to 5 kHz, but without generating a cavity resonance. Conversely, frequencies from 200 Hz to 5 kHz enter the bass reflex port from the room and are prevented by the small structures from generating resonances and / or cancellations in the box volume. This contributes to the avoidance of uneven membrane loading of the midrange.

Da das Gehäuse eine höchstmögliche Steifigkeit aufweisen soll und die Gestaltung der Bassreflexkanäle eine komplexe Wegführung haben kann, ist das Gehäuse in besonders vorteilhafter Ausgestaltung der Erfindung aus einer Mehrzahl von plattenartigen Formteilen zusammengesetzt ist. Die einzelnen Formteile weisen Ausnehmungen auf, die in zusammengesetzter Form die Bassreflexkanäle und andere Freiräume des Gehäuses bilden. Insbesondere können die Formteile als Frästeile oder überfiräste Gussteile aus Metall, vorzugsweise aus einer Aluminiumlegierung, oder als durch ein 3D-Druckverfahren hergestellte Körper ausgebildet und miteinander verschraubt, verklebt oder verschweißt sein.Since the housing should have the highest possible rigidity and the design of the bass reflex channels can have a complex routing, the housing is composed in a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention of a plurality of plate-like moldings. The individual molded parts have recesses which form the bass reflex channels and other free spaces of the housing in an assembled form. In particular, the molded parts may be formed as milled parts or overfirst castings of metal, preferably of an aluminum alloy, or as a body produced by a 3D printing process and screwed, glued or welded together.

Um in einem typischen Hörabstand das Ideal einer akustischen Punktquelle nachzubilden, kann der Mitteltöner um 0,5° bis 5°, vorzugsweise etwa 2,5°, in Richtung des Hochtöners geneigt in dem Gehäuse angeordnet sein. Bei einem Winkel von 2,5° wird der Effekt in einem Abstand von etwa 2,5 m erreicht.In order to emulate the ideal of an acoustic point source in a typical listening distance, the midrange can be inclined in the housing by 0.5 ° to 5 °, preferably about 2.5 °, in the direction of the tweeter. at an angle of 2.5 °, the effect is achieved at a distance of about 2.5 m.

Im Folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand der in der Zeichnung in schematischer Weise dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiele näher erläutert. Es zeigen

Fig. 1
eine Vorderansicht eines Lautsprechers mit einer Frontwand des Gehäuses, hinter der ein Hochtöner und ein Mitteltöner angeordnet sind;
Fig. 2
einen Schnitt durch den Lautsprecher gemäß Fig. 1; und
Fig. 3
eine Ansicht eines der das Gehäuse bildenden, plattenartigen Formteile.
In the following the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the embodiments schematically illustrated in the drawing. Show it
Fig. 1
a front view of a speaker with a front wall of the housing, behind which a tweeter and a midrange are arranged;
Fig. 2
a section through the speaker according to Fig. 1 ; and
Fig. 3
a view of one of the housing forming, plate-like molded parts.

Der in der Zeichnung dargestellte Lautsprecher weist ein Gehäuse 10 auf, dass aus einer Mehrzahl plattenartiger Formteile 12 - 34 zusammengesetzt ist.The speaker shown in the drawing has a housing 10 that is composed of a plurality of plate-like mold parts 12 - 34.

Fig. 1 zeigt eine Vorderansicht des Lautsprechers, mit dem die Frontwand bildenden Formteil 12, wobei hinter der Frontwand zentrisch ein Hochtöner 38 und randseitig ein Mitteltöner 40 eng nebeneinander angeordnet sind. Die Frontwand 12 weist eine Dicke von etwa 10 mm auf und ist, wie die übrigen Formteile 14 - 34, ein überfrästes Gussteil aus einer Aluminiumlegierung und weist damit eine hohe mechanische Stabilität auf. Die Frontwand ist durchsetzt von einer Vielzahl in einem regelmäßigen Raster angeordneten Schalldurchtrittsöffnungen 42, die als Langlöcher ausgebildet sind und sich leicht konisch in Richtung der Gehäuseinnenseite als Kanäle verjüngen. Die Öffnungen 42 sind so bemessen, dass ihre Breite geringer ist als die Hälfte der Wellenlänge der höchsten von dem Hochtöner erzeugten Frequenz, wodurch die Bildung sich in der horizontalen Hörebene bemerkbar machender Resonanzen in den Öffnungen 42 verhindert wird. Spiegelsymmetrisch zum Hochtöner 38 befindet sich eine Mehrzahl von Austrittsöffnungen 44 von Bassreflexkanälen 46 (Fig. 2), die mit der Rückseite des Mitteltöners 40 kommunizieren. Die Bassreflexkanäle sind so gestaltet und bemessen, dass in ihnen keine Turbulenzen und/oder Resonanzen entstehen können. Die komplexe Form der voneinander getrennt verlaufenden Bassreflexkanäle wird durch den Aufbau des Gehäuses 10 aus den plattenartigen Formteilen 12 - 28 mit jeweils aneinander anschließenden Ausnehmungen ermöglicht. Fig. 1 shows a front view of the speaker, with the front wall forming molding 12, wherein behind the front wall centric a tweeter 38 and peripherally a midrange 40 are arranged close to each other. The front wall 12 has a thickness of about 10 mm and, like the other mold parts 14-34, is a milled cast part made of an aluminum alloy and thus has a high mechanical stability. The front wall is penetrated by a plurality of arranged in a regular grid sound passage openings 42 which are formed as slots and taper slightly tapered towards the inside of the housing as channels. The apertures 42 are sized so that their width is less than half the wavelength of the highest frequency generated by the tweeter, thereby preventing the formation of resonances in the apertures 42 in the horizontal listening plane. mirror-symmetrically to the tweeter 38 is a plurality of outlet openings 44 of bass reflex channels 46 ( Fig. 2 ) communicating with the back of the midrange 40. The bass reflex channels are designed and sized so that no turbulence and / or resonance can occur in them. The complex shape of the separate bass reflex channels is made possible by the structure of the housing 10 of the plate-like mold parts 12 - 28, each with adjacent recesses.

An die Frontwand schließen die Formteile 14 und 16 an, die zentral eine Ausnehmung für den als Ringhorn ausgebildeten Hochtöner 38 aufweisen, im Bereich des Mitteltöners 40 jedoch die Schalldurchtrittsöffnungen 42 kanalartig und konturangepasst bis nah an die Oberfläche der Konusmembran des Mitteltöners weiterführen, wobei der verbleibende Abstand kaum größer ist als durch den Membranhub erforderlich. Dies führt gleichsam in eine Aufteilung der Schall abstrahlenden Fläche des Mitteltöners in einander akustisch nicht beeinflussende Sektoren, deren Größe etwa den Öffnungen 42 entspricht. Wie Fig. 1 erkennen lässt beträgt diese Größe jeweils nur wenige Prozent der Gesamtfläche. Dies führt quasi zu einer Gleichrichtung der abgestrahlten Schallwellen und vermindert Verzerrungen des Klangbildes.On the front wall close the mold parts 14 and 16, which have a central recess for the trained as an annular horn tweeter 38, in the area of the midrange 40 but the sound openings 42 channel and contour adapted to continue close to the surface of the conical membrane of the midrange, the remaining Distance is barely greater than required by the diaphragm stroke. This leads, as it were in a division of the sound radiating surface of the midrange into each other not acoustically influencing sectors whose size corresponds approximately to the openings 42. As Fig. 1 this size is only a few percent of the total area. This almost leads to a rectification of the radiated sound waves and reduces distortion of the sound.

Der durch die Formteile 30 - 34 gebildete rückwärtige Bereich des Gehäuses 10 ist von den davor angeordneten Formteilen 12 - 28 akustisch abgekoppelt und enthält in dafür vorgesehenen, nicht näher dargestellten Ausnehmungen die elektronischen und mechanischen Bauteile einer Frequenzweiche, einschließlich der für den Anschluss eines Lautsprecherkabels erforderlichen Teile, zum Aufteilen des zugeführten elektrischen Musiksignals in für das jeweilige Lautsprecherchassis geeignete Frequenzband. Eine derartige Frequenzweiche ist grundsätzlich bekannt und bedarf hier keiner weiteren Erläuterung.The formed by the mold parts 30 - 34 rear portion of the housing 10 is acoustically decoupled from the front of arranged moldings 12 - 28 and contains provided therein, not shown recesses, the electronic and mechanical components of a crossover, including those required for the connection of a speaker cable Parts, for splitting the supplied electrical music signal in suitable for the respective speaker chassis frequency band. Such a crossover is basically known and needs no further explanation here.

Fig. 3 zeigt als Beispiel für die komplexe Gestaltung der Formteile 18 - 28 das Formteil 26 mit einer Reihe von Ausnehmungen, die jeweils Teil der Bassreflexkanäle 46 sind. Im Randbereich des Formteils ist eine Mehrzahl von Bohrungen 48 dargestellt, die der Verschraubung der Formteile miteinander dienen. Sowohl die Formteile als auch die Gehäuse des Hochtöners 38 und des Mitteltöners 40 können mit hoher Kraft verschraubt werden. Daraus ergibt sich ein Lautsprechergehäuse, das akustisch tot ist und somit keinen störenden Einfluss auf die Klangwiedergabe ausüben kann. Fig. 3 shows as an example of the complex design of the mold parts 18 - 28, the molding 26 with a series of recesses, each part of the Bass reflex channels 46 are. In the edge region of the molding, a plurality of holes 48 is shown, which serve to screw the moldings together. Both the moldings and the housing of the tweeter 38 and the midrange 40 can be screwed with high power. This results in a loudspeaker cabinet that is acoustically dead and thus can not exert any disturbing influence on the sound reproduction.

Zusammenfassend ist folgendes festzuhalten: Die Erfindung betrifft einen Lautsprecher mit einem Gehäuse 10 und mit mindestens einem in dem Gehäuse angeordneten Schallwandler 38, 40. Um eine möglichst verzerrungsfreie Schallwiedergabe durch den Lautsprecher zu ermöglichen, wird erfindungsgemäß vorgeschlagen, dass eine Vielzahl von in dem Gehäuse 10 ausgebildeten, getrennt voneinander verlaufenden Kanälen 42, 44, 46 für die von der Vorder- und/oder Rückseite des mindestens einen Schallwandlers 38, 40 erzeugten Schallwellen vorgesehen ist.In summary, the following should be noted: The invention relates to a speaker with a housing 10 and at least one arranged in the housing sound transducers 38, 40. In order to allow the most distortion-free sound reproduction through the speaker, the invention proposes that a plurality of in the housing 10th formed, separate from each other extending channels 42, 44, 46 is provided for the sound waves generated by the front and / or rear of the at least one sound transducer 38, 40.

Claims (13)

Lautsprecher mit einem Gehäuse (10) und mit mindestens einem in dem Gehäuse angeordneten Schallwandler (38, 40), gekennzeichnet durch eine Vielzahl von in dem Gehäuse (10) ausgebildeten, getrennt voneinander verlaufenden Kanälen (42, 44, 46) für die von der Vorder-und/oder Rückseite des mindestens einen Schallwandlers (38, 40) erzeugten Schallwellen.Loudspeaker comprising a housing (10) and having at least one sound transducer (38, 40) disposed in the housing, characterized by a plurality of channels (42, 44, 46) formed in the housing (10) for the ones of Front and / or back of the at least one sound transducer (38, 40) generated sound waves. Lautsprecher nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der mindestens eine Schallwandler (38, 40) hinter einer Frontwand (12) des Gehäuses (10) angeordnet ist, die eine Vielzahl von Schalldurchtrittsöffnungen (42) aufweist.A loudspeaker according to claim 1, characterized in that the at least one sound transducer (38, 40) is arranged behind a front wall (12) of the housing (10), which has a plurality of sound passage openings (42). Lautsprecher nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Schalldurchtrittsöffnungen (42) die Kanäle bilden und jeweils eine Breite aufweisen, die geringer ist als die Hälfte der Wellenlänge der höchsten von dem mindestens einen Schallwandler (38, 40) erzeugten Frequenz.A loudspeaker according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the sound passage openings (42) form the channels and each have a width which is less than half the wavelength of the highest frequency generated by the at least one sound transducer (38, 40). Lautsprecher nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Kanäle (42) sich im Wesentlichen senkrecht zur Ebene der Frontwand (12) erstrecken und als sich konisch in Richtung einer Rückseite der Frontwand (12) verjüngende Langlöcher ausgebildet sind.Loudspeaker according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the channels (42) extend substantially perpendicular to the plane of the front wall (12) and are formed as tapered oblong holes in the direction of a rear side of the front wall (12). Lautsprecher nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zwei Schallwandler vorgesehen sind, von denen der erste als Mitteltöner oder Tiefmitteltöner (40), vorzugsweise als dynamischer Konuslautsprecher, und der zweite als Hochtöner (38), vorzugsweise als Ringhornlautsprecher, ausgebildet ist.Loudspeaker according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that two sound transducers are provided, of which the first as a midrange or midrange driver (40), preferably as a dynamic cone speaker, and the second as a tweeter (38), preferably as a ring horn speaker is formed , Lautsprecher nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die vor dem Mitteltöner (40) angeordneten Kanäle (42) eine Kontur aufweisen, die sich unter Berücksichtigung des Membranhubs des Mitteltöners (40) bis an dessen Membran erstreckt und ein zu der Membran komplementäres Profil bildet.A loudspeaker according to claim 5, characterized in that the channels (42) arranged in front of the midrange (40) have a contour which, taking into account the diaphragm stroke of the midrange (40), extends as far as the diaphragm and forms a profile complementary to the diaphragm. Lautsprecher nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Gehäuse (10) eine vorzugsweise in der Frontwand (12) angeordnete Bassreflexöffnung (44) aufweist, die über ein System von voneinander getrennten Bassreflexkanälen (46) mit der Rückseite des mindestens einen Schallwandlers (40) kommuniziert.Loudspeaker according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the housing (10) has a bass reflex opening (44) preferably arranged in the front wall (12), which is connected to the rear side of the at least one by means of a system of separate bass reflex ducts (46) Sound transducer (40) communicates. Lautsprecher nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Bassreflexkanäle (46) Querschnittsflächen aufweisen, deren größtes Längenmaß geringer ist als die Hälfte der Wellenlänge der höchsten Frequenz des mit der Bassreflexöffnung (44) kommunizierenden Schallwandlers (40).A loudspeaker according to claim 7, characterized in that the bass reflex channels (46) have cross-sectional areas whose maximum length is less than half the wavelength of the highest frequency of the sound converter (40) communicating with the bass reflex opening (44). Lautsprecher nach Anspruch 7 oder 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der kleinste Radius einer Richtungsänderung der Bassreflexkanäle (46) der kleinsten Längserstreckung ihrer Querschnittsfläche entspricht.Loudspeaker according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the smallest radius of a change in direction of the bass reflex channels (46) corresponds to the smallest longitudinal extent of their cross-sectional area. Lautsprecher nach einem der Ansprüche 7 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das durch die Bassreflexöffnung (44) und die Bassreflexkanäle (46) gebildete Bassreflexsystem auf eine Mittenfrequenz zwischen 80 Hz und 120 Hz abgestimmt ist.Loudspeaker according to one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that the bass reflex system formed by the bass reflex opening (44) and the bass reflex channels (46) is tuned to a center frequency between 80 Hz and 120 Hz. Lautsprecher nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Gehäuse (10) aus einer Mehrzahl von plattenartigen Formteilen (12 - 34) zusammengesetzt ist.Loudspeaker according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the housing (10) is composed of a plurality of plate-like molded parts (12-34). Lautsprecher nach Anspruch 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Formteile (12 - 34) als Frästeile oder überfräste Gussteile aus Metall, vorzugsweise aus einer Aluminiumlegierung, oder als durch ein 3D-Druckverfahren hergestellte Körper ausgebildet und miteinander verschraubt, verklebt oder verschweißt sind.Loudspeaker according to claim 11, characterized in that the shaped parts (12-34) are formed as milled parts or over-milled cast parts made of metal, preferably of an aluminum alloy, or as bodies produced by a 3D printing method and screwed, glued or welded together. Lautsprecher nach einem der Ansprüche 5 bis 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Mitteltöner (40) um 0,5° bis 5°, vorzugsweise etwa 2,5°, in Richtung des Hochtöners (38) geneigt in dem Gehäuse (10) angeordnet ist.Loudspeaker according to one of claims 5 to 12, characterized in that the midrange (40) by 0.5 ° to 5 °, preferably about 2.5 °, in the direction of the tweeter (38) inclined in the housing (10) is arranged ,
EP13170503.0A 2013-06-04 2013-06-04 Loudspeaker Not-in-force EP2811756B1 (en)

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EP13170503.0A EP2811756B1 (en) 2013-06-04 2013-06-04 Loudspeaker
DK13170503.0T DK2811756T3 (en) 2013-06-04 2013-06-04 Speaker
CN201420495344.XU CN204168461U (en) 2013-06-04 2014-06-04 Loud speaker

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EP13170503.0A EP2811756B1 (en) 2013-06-04 2013-06-04 Loudspeaker

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EP2811756B1 (en) 2017-04-12
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