EP2808143B1 - Formwork for the construction of a staircase - Google Patents

Formwork for the construction of a staircase Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2808143B1
EP2808143B1 EP14450020.4A EP14450020A EP2808143B1 EP 2808143 B1 EP2808143 B1 EP 2808143B1 EP 14450020 A EP14450020 A EP 14450020A EP 2808143 B1 EP2808143 B1 EP 2808143B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
formwork
elements
wall
staircase
walls
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
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EP14450020.4A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2808143A1 (en
Inventor
Alfred Redlberger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Franz Oberndorfer GmbH and Co KG
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Franz Oberndorfer GmbH and Co KG
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Publication date
Application filed by Franz Oberndorfer GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Franz Oberndorfer GmbH and Co KG
Priority to SI201430890T priority Critical patent/SI2808143T1/en
Priority to PL14450020T priority patent/PL2808143T3/en
Publication of EP2808143A1 publication Critical patent/EP2808143A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2808143B1 publication Critical patent/EP2808143B1/en
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G13/00—Falsework, forms, or shutterings for particular parts of buildings, e.g. stairs, steps, cornices, balconies foundations, sills
    • E04G13/06—Falsework, forms, or shutterings for particular parts of buildings, e.g. stairs, steps, cornices, balconies foundations, sills for stairs, steps, cornices, balconies, or other parts corbelled out of the wall
    • E04G13/062—Falsework, forms, or shutterings for particular parts of buildings, e.g. stairs, steps, cornices, balconies foundations, sills for stairs, steps, cornices, balconies, or other parts corbelled out of the wall for stairs or steps
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B7/00—Moulds; Cores; Mandrels
    • B28B7/22—Moulds for making units for prefabricated buildings, i.e. units each comprising an important section of at least two limiting planes of a room or space, e.g. cells; Moulds for making prefabricated stair units
    • B28B7/225—Moulds for making units for prefabricated buildings, i.e. units each comprising an important section of at least two limiting planes of a room or space, e.g. cells; Moulds for making prefabricated stair units for making stairs or stair units comprising more than one step

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a formwork for a curable material, in particular concrete, for the production of a staircase, with a support structure having mutually adjustable shuttering elements for the formation of steps, with at least one support plate having projections and / or depressions and against which the shuttering elements , and with clamping elements to tension the formwork elements against the support plate and / or against each other.
  • Such a formwork is from the JP 2009-281106 A known.
  • staircase formwork systems in which the main dimensions (gradient ratio, platform thickness, platform width) can be set in certain orders of magnitude. Often, however, additional individual formworks made of wood must be made to supplement the systems.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to provide a formwork system available, which reduces the above problems.
  • the formwork system preferably consists of a stationary anchored to the ground support structure on the side of the steps and a demountable mounted on the ground support structure on the side of the Laufplattenuntersicht.
  • the two support structures form the formwork body.
  • the individual steps are formed by formwork elements that can be adjustably screwed in relation to the step depth.
  • the individual formwork elements for the steps are created in the course of shuttering setting on prefabricated support plates, which were positioned on the stationary support structure part of the formwork and define together with the formwork elements the geometry of the stairs, and then attached.
  • the individual formwork elements of the steps can be installed inclined.
  • the required inclination to reach the desired step height can be defined by the geometry of the prefabricated support plates on which the formwork elements for the steps are arranged and / or by the formwork parts of the upper landing plate.
  • the width of the staircase can be set or achieved by inserting a shuttering on the ground or by filling it with less concrete.
  • FIGS. 1 to 4 show a first embodiment of the invention.
  • Fig. 1 shows a perspective view of a single embodied according to the invention formwork element 1.
  • the formwork elements 1 form the formwork for the top or the steps of a staircase.
  • Fig. 3 shows how the after Fig. 2 assembled formwork elements 1 with a support structure 2, a formwork wall 3 and other elements form a complete formwork 4 for a staircase, although terminating shutters 28, 29 (FIG. Fig. 4 ), which limit the formwork at the sides facing the stair ends, are shown only halfway up.
  • the Fig. 8 is only for orientation in the designation of the individual elements of a staircase.
  • a first arrow a shows the appearance width or depth of the stairs.
  • a second arrow b shows the staircase width.
  • a third arrow c shows the step height.
  • a fourth arrow d shows the length of the stairs.
  • the terms length, height, width and depth are used in the following for the formwork and the staircase made thereof in the same way and describe the same directions.
  • Shuttering element 1 shown has four particularly important for the invention walls 5, 6, 7, 8. These include the two formwork walls 5, 6, through which the steps of the stairs are defined when using the formwork 4. Furthermore, the formwork element 1 on a connecting wall 7, in which, for example, two slots 9 are. About these slots 9, the connecting wall 7 can be adjustably connected to the shuttering wall 5 of an adjacent shuttering element. But this is not mandatory.
  • the formwork elements 1, two projections, in particular screws 11, which engage through the slots 9 of an adjacent formwork element 1. By moving the shuttering elements 1, the depth a of the staircase or step width of the steps formed by the formwork 4 stairs can be set and then fixed by tightening the screws get connected.
  • support plates 12 (FIG. Fig. 2 ) are provided, which are sawtooth-shaped in this embodiment. These have projections 10 (FIG. Fig. 2 ), which engage in corners 13 of the formwork elements 1.
  • the corner 13 is in each case formed by further walls 15 of the formwork element 1.
  • Embodiments in which, for example, only one wall is provided instead of two walls are also conceivable.
  • the support plates 12 could in this case, for example, engage in a groove or lie flat.
  • a substantially L-shaped profile of the formwork elements 1 is particularly advantageous for the stability of the construction.
  • the sawtooth-shaped support plates 12 are made new for each type of staircase, so they are preferably made of a cheap and easy-to-edit material, such as MDF boards or wood. If they are not needed, they can be stored in a very space-saving way.
  • the Fig. 3 shows the formwork 4 with the invention assembled and used shuttering elements 1.
  • The preferably attached to the ground, step-side support members 17 of the support structure 2, which has a first support wall 18, while holding the optionally optionally interconnected in this embodiment formwork elements 1 vertically in the correct position.
  • the wall sections 8 of the formwork elements 1 are preferably aligned approximately parallel to the support wall 18.
  • the clamping elements 19 are screws in the illustrated embodiment. These screws 19 engage in the illustrated embodiment of the formwork elements 1 in holes 21 ( Fig. 1 ) and on the support wall 18 in a slot 22 a. The displaceability of the screws 19 in the slot 22 thereby ensures the stepless adjustability of the formwork elements 1.
  • Embodiments in which the support wall 18 instead of the slot 22, for example, a series of holes, in particular slots has, are also conceivable. After installation of the formwork elements 1, the screws are tightened and the formwork elements 1 clamped on the support plates 12 with the support wall 18.
  • the sawtooth-shaped support plates 12 are held in the illustrated embodiment by paired L-profiles 23, which form guide rails for the sawtooth-shaped support plates 12 in the illustrated embodiment.
  • L-profiles 23 which form guide rails for the sawtooth-shaped support plates 12 in the illustrated embodiment.
  • Embodiments in which the sawtooth-shaped support plates 12 are held in a different manner, for example by U-profiles, are also conceivable.
  • the underside of the stairs is formed by the formwork wall 3. This is preferably composed of two parts 24, 25, which are pivotally connected via a hinge 26. Thus, the upper end of the stairs can be made in one piece with the steps.
  • the joint can either be performed so that it is sealed against filled concrete, or sealed separately for each staircase, for example by silicone or neoprene.
  • the formwork wall 3 is reinforced by reinforcing profiles 27, in the illustrated embodiment H-profiles. With sufficiently strong design of shuttering wall 3 but can be dispensed with such a gain.
  • the Fig. 4 shows a perspective view of the formwork according to Fig. 3 from above. It can be seen two closing formwork 28, 29. By this upper or lower end of the stairs is formed, which then connects to the ceiling panels or podiums, which are connected by the stairs.
  • This formwork shutters 28, 29 are made separately for each type of staircase and may for example consist of wood or a wood material, such as MDF. But there are also all other types of cheap and easy to cut materials.
  • the Fig. 5 shows a perspective view of a second preferred embodiment of the invention.
  • the support wall 18 is shown only partially for clarity.
  • the formwork elements have, as in the first embodiment, two formwork walls 5, 6.
  • the object of the connecting wall 7 is taken over in the second embodiment by a connecting edge 31 of the shuttering wall 6. This comes in the assembled state to lie on the formwork wall 5 of an adjacent formwork element.
  • the connecting edge 31 may additionally have sealing means (not shown), for example made of neoprene, in order to prevent concrete from escaping.
  • With clamping elements 19, the formwork elements 1 are again stretched against the support wall 18. Instead of the sawtooth-shaped projections 10, the support member 12 in this embodiment depressions 32.
  • the arrangement of the recesses 32 in the support member 12 determines the staircase geometry, similar to how this is defined by the shape of the projections 10 in the first embodiment.
  • the support member 12 is shown in the second embodiment, only by way of example, it can be provided both a plurality of support elements and support elements with differently shaped depressions. It is advantageous in the second embodiment over the first embodiment that the cost of materials for creating the respectively adapted to a staircase support elements 12 can be kept smaller.
  • the Fig. 6 shows a third alternative embodiment of a formwork element according to the invention 1.
  • the formwork element 1 has, analogous to the embodiments described above, two formwork walls 5, 6, whose position defines the subsequent geometry of the stairs to the formwork walls of adjacent formwork elements.
  • the height of the stairs ( Fig. 8 , Arrow c) was in the previous embodiments only by an inclination of the formwork elements (slightly) adjustable.
  • In the Fig. 6 illustrated embodiment has on the formwork wall 6 for improved adjustability of the height of the staircase formworks a first mounting bar 38.
  • An extension element 40 with a second mounting strip 39 can be attached to the first mounting strip 38 on the formwork element 1.
  • extension wall 41 of the extension element 40 is thereby added, preferably as seamless as possible, to the shuttering wall 6 and forms with this preferably a plane.
  • extension elements 40 with different height extension walls 41, the height of the steps can be adjusted as desired in a staircase made with a formwork according to the invention.
  • the extension elements 40 can be stored in a particularly space-saving manner.
  • the two mounting strips 38, 39 can be connected, for example via screws 37.
  • the Fig. 7 shows a perspective side view of an embodiment of a formwork according to the invention 4.
  • a shuttering 42 is arranged at an adjustable height. This has essentially the shape of one side of the stairs and is supported against the ground. By choosing the height of the shuttering 42, the width of the stairs can be defined.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Forms Removed On Construction Sites Or Auxiliary Members Thereof (AREA)
  • Moulds, Cores, Or Mandrels (AREA)
  • Ladders (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Schalung für einen aushärtbaren Werkstoff, insbesondere Beton, zur Herstellung einer Treppe, mit einer Stützkonstruktion, die zueinander verstellbare Schalungselemente zur Bildung von Stufen aufweist, mit wenigstens einer Stützplatte, die Vorsprünge und/oder Vertiefungen aufweist und an welcher die Schalungselemente anliegen, und mit Spannelementen, um die Schalungselemente gegen die Stützplatte und/oder gegeneinander zu spannen.The invention relates to a formwork for a curable material, in particular concrete, for the production of a staircase, with a support structure having mutually adjustable shuttering elements for the formation of steps, with at least one support plate having projections and / or depressions and against which the shuttering elements , and with clamping elements to tension the formwork elements against the support plate and / or against each other.

Eine derartige Schalung ist aus der JP 2009-281106 A bekannt.Such a formwork is from the JP 2009-281106 A known.

Aufgrund der unterschiedlichen Geschoßhöhen und Deckenstärken im Bauwesen sowie unterschiedlicher Auftrittsbreiten, Auflagerausbildungen und Laufplattenstärken der Treppen selbst besteht ein Bedarf an sehr vielen unterschiedlichen Schalungen für Treppen. Dies verringert den wirtschaftlichen Vorteil, den die Vorfertigung gegenüber den vor Ort hergestellten Treppen aufweist.Due to the different storey heights and ceiling thicknesses in construction as well as different widths, Auflagerausbildungen and board thicknesses of the stairs themselves, there is a need for many different formwork for stairs. This reduces the economic advantage that prefabrication has over the stairs made on site.

Im Gebiet der Fertigung von Betonfertigteilen gibt es daher auch Treppenschalungssysteme, bei denen sich die Hauptabmessungen (Steigungsverhältnis, Laufplattendicke, Laufplattenbreite) in bestimmten Größenordnungen einstellen lassen, durchgesetzt. Oft müssen jedoch zur Ergänzung der Systeme zusätzliche Einzelschalungen aus Holz angefertigt werden.Therefore, in the field of manufacturing precast concrete products, there are also staircase formwork systems in which the main dimensions (gradient ratio, platform thickness, platform width) can be set in certain orders of magnitude. Often, however, additional individual formworks made of wood must be made to supplement the systems.

Bei großen Stückzahlen ist der Anteil der Schalungskosten an den gesamten Produktionskosten eher gering. Häufig sind jedoch viele Treppen mit unterschiedlichen Abmessungen erforderlich. Große Stückzahlen von Treppen mit gleichen Abmessungen werden meist nur über einen langen Zeitraum hinweg benötigt. Der Hersteller ist dann vor die Wahl gestellt, entweder auf Anfrage zu fertigen und so jedes Mal die Kosten für das Ändern der Schalung oder die Anschaffung vieler Schalungen zu tragen oder auf Vorrat zu fertigen, was hohe Lagerkosten verursacht.For large quantities, the share of shuttering costs in the total production costs is rather low. Often, however, many stairs with different dimensions are required. Large quantities of stairs of the same dimensions are usually needed only over a long period of time. The manufacturer then has the choice of either producing on request and thus each time to bear the costs of changing the formwork or the purchase of many formwork or to produce in stock, which causes high storage costs.

Durch die meist geringe Stückzahl der einzelnen Treppentypen (auch bei großen Gesamtaufträgen) und dem oft kurzfristigen und stoßweisen Bedarf an unterschiedlichen Treppentypen entsteht ein hoher Schalungsaufwand und Termindruck.Due to the usually low number of individual stair types (even with large total orders) and the often short-term and intermittent need for different types of staircase creates a high formwork effort and deadline pressure.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es daher, ein Schalungssystem zur Verfügung zu stellen, welches die oben genannten Probleme vermindert.The object of the invention is therefore to provide a formwork system available, which reduces the above problems.

Gelöst wird diese Aufgabe durch eine Schalung der eingangs genannten Art mit den kennzeichnenden Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1.This object is achieved by a formwork of the type mentioned above with the characterizing features of claim 1.

Ein erfindungsgemäßes Schalungssystem beseitigt die oben genannten Nachteile weitgehend. Das Schalungssystem besteht vorzugsweise aus einer stationär am Boden verankerten Stützkonstruktion auf der Seite der Stufen und einer demontierbar am Boden befestigten Stützkonstruktion auf der Seite der Laufplattenuntersicht.An inventive formwork system largely eliminates the above-mentioned disadvantages. The formwork system preferably consists of a stationary anchored to the ground support structure on the side of the steps and a demountable mounted on the ground support structure on the side of the Laufplattenuntersicht.

Die beiden Stützkonstruktionsteile bilden den Schalungsgrundkörper. Die einzelnen Treppenstufen werden durch Schalungselemente, die in Bezug auf die Stufentiefe verstellbar verschraubt werden können, gebildet. Die einzelnen Schalungselemente für die Stufen werden im Zuge der Schalungseinstellung an vorgefertigte Stützplatten, die an dem stationären Stützkonstruktionsteil der Schalung positioniert wurden und zusammen mit den Schalungselementen die Geometrie der Treppe definieren, angelegt und anschließend befestigt.The two support structures form the formwork body. The individual steps are formed by formwork elements that can be adjustably screwed in relation to the step depth. The individual formwork elements for the steps are created in the course of shuttering setting on prefabricated support plates, which were positioned on the stationary support structure part of the formwork and define together with the formwork elements the geometry of the stairs, and then attached.

Zur Erreichung einer Einstellbarkeit der Stufenhöhe in einem geringen Ausmaß können die einzelnen Schalungselemente der Stufen geneigt eingebaut werden. Die erforderliche Neigung zum Erreichen der gewünschten Stufenhöhe kann durch die Geometrie der vorgefertigten Stützplatten, an denen die Schalungselemente für die Stufen angeordnet werden, und/oder durch die Schalungsteile der oberen Podestplatte definiert werden.To achieve an adjustability of the step height to a small extent, the individual formwork elements of the steps can be installed inclined. The required inclination to reach the desired step height can be defined by the geometry of the prefabricated support plates on which the formwork elements for the steps are arranged and / or by the formwork parts of the upper landing plate.

Durch dieses Konstruktionsprinzip ist es möglich, in einem eingeschränkten Bereich unterschiedliche Stufenhöhen mit nur einer Stufenschalung auszubilden. Dadurch können mit wenigen Stufenschalungstypen alle gängigen Steigungsverhältnisse abgedeckt werden.Due to this design principle, it is possible to form different step heights with only one step formwork in a restricted area. As a result, all common pitch ratios can be covered with just a few types of step formwork.

Die Treppenbreite kann durch die Einlage einer Abschalung am Boden oder durch niedrigeres Befüllen mit Beton eingestellt bzw. erreicht werden.The width of the staircase can be set or achieved by inserting a shuttering on the ground or by filling it with less concrete.

Für die Ausbildung der oberen und unteren Treppenauflager werden Schalungsteile innerhalb der Schalung angebracht, die so ausgebildet sind, dass die erforderliche Geometrie der Treppe entsteht.For the training of the upper and lower stairwell be Formwork parts mounted within the formwork, which are designed so that the required geometry of the stairs is formed.

Das gleiche Konstruktionsprinzip wird auch für Podestausbildungen angewendet.The same design principle is also used for podium formations.

Durch diese Technologie ist es möglich:

  • besonders kostengünstige und platzsparende Schalungsgrundkonstruktionen auszuführen;
  • sehr schnell und kostengünstig beliebige Schalungseinstellungen auszuführen;
  • in jeder Schalung auch bei Einstellung einer neuen Treppengeometrie eine Treppe herzustellen;
  • sehr kurze Lieferzeiten auch bei unterschiedlichen Treppengeometrien anzubieten;
  • bedarfsgerecht "Just in Time" zu produzieren und die Treppen direkt nach der Produktion (ohne Zwischenlager) in Transportcontainer zu stellen.
This technology makes it possible:
  • to carry out particularly cost-effective and space-saving formwork base constructions;
  • very fast and inexpensive to execute any formwork settings;
  • to create a staircase in every formwork even when setting a new staircase geometry;
  • to offer very short delivery times even with different staircase geometries;
  • to produce "just in time" as required and to place the stairs directly after production (without intermediate storage) in transport containers.

Weitere bevorzugte Ausführungsformen der Erfindung sind Gegenstand der Unteransprüche.Further preferred embodiments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims.

Weitere Merkmale und Vorteile der Erfindung ergeben sich aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung eines bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiels der Erfindung unter Bezugnahme auf die angeschlossenen Zeichnungen. Es zeigt:

Fig. 1
eine perspektivische Ansicht eines einzelnen erfindungsgemäß ausgeführten Schalungselementes,
Fig. 2
eine perspektivische Ansicht von mehreren erfindungsgemäß angeordneten Schalungselementen mit sägezahnförmigen Stützplatten,
Fig. 3
eine perspektivische Ansicht einer vollständigen Schalung und
Fig. 4
eine perspektivische Ansicht der Schalung gemäß Fig. 3 von oben
Fig. 5
eine perspektivische Ansicht einer zweiten Ausführungsform und
Fig. 6
eine perspektivische Ansicht einer dritten Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Schalungselementes 1,
Fig. 7
eine perspektivische Seitenansicht einer Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Schalung, und
Fig. 8
dient der Orientierung bei der Bezeichnung der einzelnen Elemente einer Treppe.
Further features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following description of a preferred embodiment of the invention with reference to the accompanying drawings. It shows:
Fig. 1
a perspective view of a single according to the invention executed formwork element,
Fig. 2
a perspective view of a plurality of shuttering elements according to the invention arranged with sawtooth-shaped support plates,
Fig. 3
a perspective view of a complete formwork and
Fig. 4
a perspective view of the formwork according to Fig. 3 from above
Fig. 5
a perspective view of a second embodiment and
Fig. 6
a perspective view of a third embodiment of a formwork element 1 according to the invention,
Fig. 7
a perspective side view of an embodiment a formwork according to the invention, and
Fig. 8
is used for orientation in the designation of the individual elements of a staircase.

Die Figuren 1 bis 4 zeigen eine erste Ausführungsform der Erfindung. Fig. 1 zeigt eine perspektivische Ansicht eines einzelnen erfindungsgemäß ausgeführten Schalungselementes 1. Mehrere Schalungselemente 1 können, wie in Fig. 2 gezeigt, zusammengefügt werden. Dabei bilden die Schalungselemente 1 die Schalung für die Oberseite bzw. die Stufen einer Treppe. Fig. 3 zeigt, wie die nach Fig. 2 zusammengefügten Schalungselemente 1 mit einer Stützkonstruktion 2, einer Schalungswand 3 und weiteren Elementen eine vollständige Schalung 4 für eine Treppe bilden, wobei allerdings Abschlussschalungen 28, 29 (Fig. 4), welche die Schalung an den den Treppenenden zugewandten Seiten begrenzen, nur halbhoch dargestellt sind.The FIGS. 1 to 4 show a first embodiment of the invention. Fig. 1 shows a perspective view of a single embodied according to the invention formwork element 1. Several formwork elements 1, as in Fig. 2 shown, joined together. The formwork elements 1 form the formwork for the top or the steps of a staircase. Fig. 3 shows how the after Fig. 2 assembled formwork elements 1 with a support structure 2, a formwork wall 3 and other elements form a complete formwork 4 for a staircase, although terminating shutters 28, 29 (FIG. Fig. 4 ), which limit the formwork at the sides facing the stair ends, are shown only halfway up.

Die Fig. 8 dient lediglich der Orientierung bei der Bezeichnung der einzelnen Elemente einer Treppe. Ein erster Pfeil a zeigt die Auftrittsbreite bzw. Tiefe der Treppe. Ein zweiter Pfeil b zeigt die Treppenbreite. Ein dritter Pfeil c zeigt die Stufenhöhe. Ein vierter Pfeil d zeigt die Länge der Treppe. Die Begriffe Länge, Höhe, Breite und Tiefe werden dabei im Folgenden für die Schalung und die daraus gefertigte Treppe gleichermaßen verwendet und beschreiben die selben Richtungen.The Fig. 8 is only for orientation in the designation of the individual elements of a staircase. A first arrow a shows the appearance width or depth of the stairs. A second arrow b shows the staircase width. A third arrow c shows the step height. A fourth arrow d shows the length of the stairs. The terms length, height, width and depth are used in the following for the formwork and the staircase made thereof in the same way and describe the same directions.

Das in Fig. 1 dargestellte Schalungselement 1 weist vier für die Erfindung besonders wesentliche Wände 5, 6, 7, 8 auf. Dazu gehören die beiden Schalungswände 5, 6, durch welche bei einer Verwendung der Schalung 4 die Stufen der Treppe definiert werden. Weiters weist das Schalungselement 1 eine Verbindungswand 7 auf, in welcher sich zum Beispiel zwei Langlöcher 9 befinden. Über diese Langlöcher 9 kann die Verbindungswand 7 mit der Schalungswand 5 eines benachbarten Schalungselementes verstellbar verbunden werden. Dies ist aber nicht zwingend erforderlich. Hierzu weisen die Schalungselemente 1 zwei Vorsprünge, insbesondere Schrauben 11, auf, welche durch die Langlöcher 9 eines benachbarten Schalungselementes 1 greifen. Durch ein Verschieben der Schalungselemente 1 kann die Tiefe a der Treppe bzw. Auftrittsbreite der Stufen der durch die Schalung 4 gebildeten Treppe eingestellt und dann durch Anziehen der Schrauben fest verbunden werden.This in Fig. 1 Shuttering element 1 shown has four particularly important for the invention walls 5, 6, 7, 8. These include the two formwork walls 5, 6, through which the steps of the stairs are defined when using the formwork 4. Furthermore, the formwork element 1 on a connecting wall 7, in which, for example, two slots 9 are. About these slots 9, the connecting wall 7 can be adjustably connected to the shuttering wall 5 of an adjacent shuttering element. But this is not mandatory. For this purpose, the formwork elements 1, two projections, in particular screws 11, which engage through the slots 9 of an adjacent formwork element 1. By moving the shuttering elements 1, the depth a of the staircase or step width of the steps formed by the formwork 4 stairs can be set and then fixed by tightening the screws get connected.

Um den verbundenen Schalungselementen 1 Stabilität zu geben und einem Verbiegen durch Druck, welcher von in die Schalung gefülltem Material, wie Beton, erzeugt wird, entgegen zu wirken, sind Stützplatten 12 (Fig. 2) vorgesehen, die in dieser Ausführungsform sägezahnförmig sind. Diese weisen Vorsprünge 10 (Fig. 2) auf, die in Ecken 13 der Schalungselemente 1 eingreifen. Die Ecke 13 wird dabei jeweils von weiteren Wänden 15 des Schalungselementes 1 gebildet. Ausführungsformen, bei denen beispielsweise nur eine Wand anstelle von zwei Wänden vorgesehen ist, sind auch denkbar. Die Stützplatten 12 könnten in diesem Fall beispielsweise in eine Nut eingreifen oder flach anliegen. Allerdings ist ein im Wesentlichen L-förmiges Profil der Schalungselemente 1 besonders vorteilhaft für die Stabilität der Konstruktion.In order to provide stability to the connected formwork elements 1 and counteract bending by pressure generated by material filled in the formwork, such as concrete, support plates 12 (FIG. Fig. 2 ) are provided, which are sawtooth-shaped in this embodiment. These have projections 10 (FIG. Fig. 2 ), which engage in corners 13 of the formwork elements 1. The corner 13 is in each case formed by further walls 15 of the formwork element 1. Embodiments in which, for example, only one wall is provided instead of two walls are also conceivable. The support plates 12 could in this case, for example, engage in a groove or lie flat. However, a substantially L-shaped profile of the formwork elements 1 is particularly advantageous for the stability of the construction.

Die sägezahnförmigen Stützplatten 12 werden dabei für jeden Treppentyp neu angefertigt, daher werden sie bevorzugt aus einem günstigen und einfach zu bearbeitenden Material gefertigt, beispielsweise MDF-Platten oder Holz. Werden sie nicht benötigt, lassen sie sich sehr platzsparend lagern.The sawtooth-shaped support plates 12 are made new for each type of staircase, so they are preferably made of a cheap and easy-to-edit material, such as MDF boards or wood. If they are not needed, they can be stored in a very space-saving way.

Die Fig. 3 zeigt die Schalung 4 mit den erfindungsgemäß zusammengefügten und verwendeten Schalungselementen 1. Die vorzugsweise am Boden befestigten, stufenseitigen Stützelemente 17 der Stützkonstruktion 2, welche eine erste Stützwand 18 aufweist, halten dabei die in dieser Ausführungsform optional miteinander verbundenen Schalungselemente 1 vertikal in der korrekten Lage. Die Wandabschnitte 8 der Schalungselemente 1 sind dabei vorzugsweise etwa parallel zur Stützwand 18 ausgerichtet. So können die Schalungselemente 1 über Spannelemente 19 besonders einfach mit der Stützwand 18 verbunden werden. Die Spannelemente 19 sind in der dargestellten Ausführungsform Schrauben. Diese Schrauben 19 greifen in der dargestellten Ausführungsform an den Schalungselementen 1 in Löcher 21 (Fig. 1) und an der Stützwand 18 in einen Schlitz 22 ein. Die Verschiebbarkeit der Schrauben 19 im Schlitz 22 gewährleistet dabei die stufenlose Verstellbarkeit der Schalungselemente 1. Ausführungsformen, bei denen die Stützwand 18 anstelle des Schlitzes 22 beispielsweise eine Reihe von Löchern, insbesondere Langlöcher, aufweist, sind ebenso denkbar. Nach dem Einbau der Schalungselemente 1 werden die Schrauben angezogen und die Schalungselemente 1 über die Stützplatten 12 mit der Stützwand 18 verspannt.The Fig. 3 shows the formwork 4 with the invention assembled and used shuttering elements 1. The preferably attached to the ground, step-side support members 17 of the support structure 2, which has a first support wall 18, while holding the optionally optionally interconnected in this embodiment formwork elements 1 vertically in the correct position. The wall sections 8 of the formwork elements 1 are preferably aligned approximately parallel to the support wall 18. Thus, the formwork elements 1 can be easily connected to the support wall 18 via clamping elements 19. The clamping elements 19 are screws in the illustrated embodiment. These screws 19 engage in the illustrated embodiment of the formwork elements 1 in holes 21 ( Fig. 1 ) and on the support wall 18 in a slot 22 a. The displaceability of the screws 19 in the slot 22 thereby ensures the stepless adjustability of the formwork elements 1. Embodiments in which the support wall 18 instead of the slot 22, for example, a series of holes, in particular slots has, are also conceivable. After installation of the formwork elements 1, the screws are tightened and the formwork elements 1 clamped on the support plates 12 with the support wall 18.

Die sägezahnförmigen Stützplatten 12 werden in der dargestellten Ausführungsform durch paarweise angeordnete L-Profile 23 gehalten, welche in der dargestellten Ausführungsform Führungsschienen für die sägezahnförmigen Stützplatten 12 bilden. Ausführungsformen, bei denen die sägezahnförmigen Stützplatten 12 auf andere Art, beispielsweise durch U-Profile, gehalten werden, sind ebenso denkbar.The sawtooth-shaped support plates 12 are held in the illustrated embodiment by paired L-profiles 23, which form guide rails for the sawtooth-shaped support plates 12 in the illustrated embodiment. Embodiments in which the sawtooth-shaped support plates 12 are held in a different manner, for example by U-profiles, are also conceivable.

Die Unterseite der Treppe wird durch die Schalungswand 3 gebildet. Diese ist vorzugsweise aus zwei Teilen 24, 25 zusammengesetzt, welche über ein Gelenk 26 schwenkbar verbunden sind. So kann der obere Abschluss der Treppe einstückig mit den Stufen hergestellt werden. Das Gelenk kann dabei entweder so ausgeführt werden, dass es gegenüber eingefülltem Beton dicht ist, oder für jede Treppe separat, beispielsweise durch Silikon oder Neopren abgedichtet werden.The underside of the stairs is formed by the formwork wall 3. This is preferably composed of two parts 24, 25, which are pivotally connected via a hinge 26. Thus, the upper end of the stairs can be made in one piece with the steps. The joint can either be performed so that it is sealed against filled concrete, or sealed separately for each staircase, for example by silicone or neoprene.

Die Schalungswand 3 ist durch Verstärkungsprofile 27, im dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel H-Profile, verstärkt. Bei hinreichend starker Ausführung der Schalungswand 3 kann aber auch auf eine derartige Verstärkung verzichtet werden.The formwork wall 3 is reinforced by reinforcing profiles 27, in the illustrated embodiment H-profiles. With sufficiently strong design of shuttering wall 3 but can be dispensed with such a gain.

Die Fig. 4 zeigt eine perspektivische Ansicht der Schalung gemäß Fig. 3 von oben. Man erkennt zwei Abschlussschalungen 28, 29. Durch diese wird der obere bzw. untere Abschluss der Treppe gebildet, welcher dann an die Deckenplatten oder Podeste, welche durch die Treppe verbunden werden, anschließt. Diese Abschlussschalungen 28, 29 werden für jeden Treppentyp separat angefertigt und können beispielsweise aus Holz oder einem Holzwerkstoff, wie beispielsweise MDF, bestehen. Es eignen sich aber auch alle anderen Arten von günstigen und einfach zuschneidbaren Materialien.The Fig. 4 shows a perspective view of the formwork according to Fig. 3 from above. It can be seen two closing formwork 28, 29. By this upper or lower end of the stairs is formed, which then connects to the ceiling panels or podiums, which are connected by the stairs. This formwork shutters 28, 29 are made separately for each type of staircase and may for example consist of wood or a wood material, such as MDF. But there are also all other types of cheap and easy to cut materials.

Die Fig. 5 zeigt eine perspektivische Ansicht einer zweiten bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung. Die Stützwand 18 ist dabei zur besseren Darstellung nur teilweise dargestellt. Die Schalungselemente verfügen wie in der ersten Ausführungsform über zwei Schalungswände 5, 6. Die Aufgabe der Verbindungswand 7 wird in der zweiten Ausführungsform von einer Verbindungskante 31 der Schalungswand 6 übernommen. Diese kommt im zusammengebauten Zustand auf der Schalungswand 5 eines benachbarten Schalungselementes zu liegen. Die Verbindungskante 31 kann zusätzlich Dichtungsmittel (nicht dargestellt), beispielsweise aus Neopren, aufweisen, um ein Austreten von Beton zu vermeiden. Mit Spannelementen 19 werden die Schalungselemente 1 wiederum gegen die Stützwand 18 gespannt. Anstelle der sägezahnförmigen Vorsprünge 10 weist das Stützelement 12 in dieser Ausführungsform Vertiefungen 32 auf. In den Vertiefungen 32 liegen Längsränder der Schalungswand 5 bzw. die daran anschließenden Positionierwände 34, 35, 36. Dabei bestimmt die Anordnung der Vertiefungen 32 im Stützelement 12 die Treppengeometrie, ähnlich wie diese in der ersten Ausführungsform durch die Form der Vorsprünge 10 definiert wird. Das Stützelement 12 ist dabei in der zweiten Ausführungsform lediglich beispielhaft dargestellt, es können sowohl mehrere Stützelemente vorgesehen sein als auch Stützelemente mit anders geformten Vertiefungen. Vorteilhaft ist bei der zweiten Ausführungsform gegenüber der ersten Ausführungsform, dass der Materialaufwand für das Erstellen der jeweils an eine Treppenform angepassten Stützelemente 12 geringer gehalten werden kann.The Fig. 5 shows a perspective view of a second preferred embodiment of the invention. The support wall 18 is shown only partially for clarity. The formwork elements have, as in the first embodiment, two formwork walls 5, 6. The object of the connecting wall 7 is taken over in the second embodiment by a connecting edge 31 of the shuttering wall 6. This comes in the assembled state to lie on the formwork wall 5 of an adjacent formwork element. The connecting edge 31 may additionally have sealing means (not shown), for example made of neoprene, in order to prevent concrete from escaping. With clamping elements 19, the formwork elements 1 are again stretched against the support wall 18. Instead of the sawtooth-shaped projections 10, the support member 12 in this embodiment depressions 32. In the recesses 32 are longitudinal edges of the shuttering wall 5 and the adjoining positioning walls 34, 35, 36. In this case, the arrangement of the recesses 32 in the support member 12 determines the staircase geometry, similar to how this is defined by the shape of the projections 10 in the first embodiment. The support member 12 is shown in the second embodiment, only by way of example, it can be provided both a plurality of support elements and support elements with differently shaped depressions. It is advantageous in the second embodiment over the first embodiment that the cost of materials for creating the respectively adapted to a staircase support elements 12 can be kept smaller.

Die Fig. 6 zeigt eine dritte alternative Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Schalungselementes 1. Das Schalungselement 1 weist dabei analog zu den oben beschriebenen Ausführungsformen zwei Schalungswände 5, 6 auf, deren Stellung zu den Schalungswänden benachbarter Schalungselemente die spätere Geometrie der Treppe definiert. Die Höhe der Treppenstufen (Fig. 8, Pfeil c) war in den vorherigen Ausführungsformen nur durch eine Neigung der Schalungselemente (geringfügig) einstellbar. Die in Fig. 6 dargestellte Ausführungsform weist an der Schalungswand 6 für eine verbesserte Einstellbarkeit der Höhe der Treppenschalungen eine erste Montageleiste 38 auf. An die erste Montageleiste 38 am Schalungselement 1 kann ein Verlängerungselement 40 mit einer zweiten Montageleiste 39 angebracht werden. Eine Verlängerungswand 41 des Verlängerungselementes 40 fügt sich dabei, vorzugsweise möglichst fugenlos, an die Schalungswand 6 an und bildet mit dieser vorzugsweise eine Ebene. Durch Verlängerungselemente 40 mit verschieden hohen Verlängerungswänden 41 kann die Höhe der Stufen bei einer mit einer erfindungsgemäßen Schalung gefertigten Treppe beliebig eingestellt werden. Die Verlängerungselemente 40 lassen sich besonders platzsparend lagern. Die beiden Montageleisten 38, 39 lassen sich beispielsweise über Schrauben 37 verbinden.The Fig. 6 shows a third alternative embodiment of a formwork element according to the invention 1. The formwork element 1 has, analogous to the embodiments described above, two formwork walls 5, 6, whose position defines the subsequent geometry of the stairs to the formwork walls of adjacent formwork elements. The height of the stairs ( Fig. 8 , Arrow c) was in the previous embodiments only by an inclination of the formwork elements (slightly) adjustable. In the Fig. 6 illustrated embodiment has on the formwork wall 6 for improved adjustability of the height of the staircase formworks a first mounting bar 38. An extension element 40 with a second mounting strip 39 can be attached to the first mounting strip 38 on the formwork element 1. An extension wall 41 of the extension element 40 is thereby added, preferably as seamless as possible, to the shuttering wall 6 and forms with this preferably a plane. By means of extension elements 40 with different height extension walls 41, the height of the steps can be adjusted as desired in a staircase made with a formwork according to the invention. The extension elements 40 can be stored in a particularly space-saving manner. The two mounting strips 38, 39 can be connected, for example via screws 37.

Die Fig. 7 zeigt eine perspektivische Seitenansicht einer Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Schalung 4. Zwischen den Schalungselementen 1 und der Schalungswand 3 ist in einstellbarer Höhe eine Abschalung 42 angeordnet. Diese hat im Wesentlichen die Form einer Seite der Treppe und ist gegenüber dem Boden abgestützt. Durch die Wahl der Höhe der Abschalung 42 kann die Breite der Treppe definiert werden.The Fig. 7 shows a perspective side view of an embodiment of a formwork according to the invention 4. Between the formwork elements 1 and the shuttering wall 3, a shuttering 42 is arranged at an adjustable height. This has essentially the shape of one side of the stairs and is supported against the ground. By choosing the height of the shuttering 42, the width of the stairs can be defined.

Claims (17)

  1. Formwork (4) for a hardenable material, in particular concrete, for the production of a staircase, having a support structure (2) which has mutually adjustable formwork elements (1) for forming steps, at least one support plate (12) which comprises projections (10) and/or depressions (32) and against which the formwork elements (1) rest, and clamping elements (19) for clamping the formwork elements (1) against the support plate (12) and/or against each other, characterized in that the support structure (2) has a formwork wall (3) for the staircase underside, that the support plate (12) rests against the formwork elements (1) on the side of the formwork elements (1) opposite the formwork wall (3), and that the support plates (12) are clamped by the clamping elements (19) between the formwork elements (1) and the support structure (2).
  2. Formwork (4) according to claim 1, characterized in that the formwork elements (1) are hollow and the clamping elements (19) act on a wall (8, 5) of the formwork elements (1).
  3. Formwork (4) according to one of the claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the formwork elements (1) are positively connected and displaceable relative to each other.
  4. Formwork (4) according to claim 3, characterized in that in at least one wall (7) of the formwork elements (1) at least one elongated hole (9) is disposed, in which a projection (11) of an adjacent formwork element (1) engages.
  5. Formwork (4) according to claim 4, characterized in that the projection (11) is a screw whose head or nut engages behind the elongated hole (9).
  6. Formwork (4) according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the formwork elements (1) are substantially L-shaped.
  7. Formwork (4) according to claim 6, characterized in that at least one projection of the support plates (12) engages in at least one corner (13) formed by the legs of the L-shaped formwork elements (1), as a result of which the position of the formwork element (1) and a geometry of the steps of the staircase formed by the formwork (4) are defined.
  8. Formwork (4) according to one of the claims 2 to 7, characterized in that a wall portion (8) of the formwork element (1) on which the clamping element (19) acts is substantially parallel to the support structure (2).
  9. Formwork (4) according to one of the claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the clamping elements (19) are screws.
  10. Formwork (4) according to one of the claims 8 or 9, characterized in that at least one further support plate is provided, whose sides acting on the support structure (2) and the formwork elements (1) are substantially straight and parallel to each other.
  11. Formwork (4) according to one of the claims 6 to 10, characterized in that the formwork elements (1) have two walls (15) which form the corner (13), and that the projections of the sawtooth-shaped support plate (12) rest on the walls (15), as a result of which the position of the formwork elements (1) and a geometry of the steps of the staircase formed by the formwork (4) is defined.
  12. Formwork (4) according to one of the claims 1 to 10, characterized in that two walls (5, 6) of adjacent formwork elements (1) form a corner and that the projections of the sawtooth-shaped support plate (12) rest on the walls (5, 6), as a result of which the position of the formwork elements (1) and a geometry of the steps of the staircase formed by the formwork (4) is defined.
  13. Formwork (4) according to one of the claims 1 to 12, characterized in that a formwork element (1) rests via an extension element (40) on an adjacent formwork element (1).
  14. Formwork (4) according to claim 13, characterized in that an extension wall (41) of the extension element (40) forms a preferably essentially flat surface with the formwork wall (6) of the formwork element (1).
  15. Formwork (4) according to claim 13 or 14, characterized in that the formwork element (1) has a first mounting strip (38) to which a second mounting strip (39) of the extension element (40) can be fastened, and that the extension element (40) comprises the extension wall (41).
  16. Formwork (4) according to one of the claims 1 to 15, characterized in that the support structure (2) is fixed to a ground and that the walls (3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 15) of the formwork (4) are arranged essentially vertically to the ground.
  17. Formwork (4) according to claim 16, characterized in that a shuttering (42) between the formwork wall (3) and the formwork elements (1) is arranged at an adjustable height to the ground.
EP14450020.4A 2013-05-13 2014-05-08 Formwork for the construction of a staircase Active EP2808143B1 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SI201430890T SI2808143T1 (en) 2013-05-13 2014-05-08 Formwork for the construction of a staircase
PL14450020T PL2808143T3 (en) 2013-05-13 2014-05-08 Formwork for the construction of a staircase

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ATA392/2013A AT514197B1 (en) 2013-05-13 2013-05-13 Formwork for the production of a staircase

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EP2808143A1 EP2808143A1 (en) 2014-12-03
EP2808143B1 true EP2808143B1 (en) 2018-07-04

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EP (1) EP2808143B1 (en)
AT (1) AT514197B1 (en)
DK (1) DK2808143T3 (en)
ES (1) ES2688531T3 (en)
HU (1) HUE039839T2 (en)
PL (1) PL2808143T3 (en)
PT (1) PT2808143T (en)
SI (1) SI2808143T1 (en)

Families Citing this family (7)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110053139A (en) * 2019-04-18 2019-07-26 锦萧建筑科技有限公司 Stair molding die and its technique for making stair
CN110103325A (en) * 2019-05-31 2019-08-09 中固钫盛(济南)建筑科技有限公司 A kind of precast stair mold
AT522920A1 (en) 2019-09-06 2021-03-15 Reprect Gmbh Reusable modular formwork system for the production of precast spiral staircases as well as a method for the production of formwork for precast spiral staircases
CN112643859A (en) * 2020-12-10 2021-04-13 滁州市悦鹏设备有限公司 Concrete prefabricated staircase production mould
CN114179200A (en) * 2021-12-21 2022-03-15 中国建筑第四工程局有限公司 Adjustable prefabricated stair mold and using method thereof
CN115030490B (en) * 2022-06-27 2023-12-12 江苏万象建工集团有限公司 Structure forming process of cast-in-situ stair for construction
CN116985259B (en) * 2023-09-28 2023-12-08 山西建投建筑产业有限公司 Construction method of assembled stair with corner protector

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DE1954594C3 (en) * 1969-10-30 1980-10-16 Heinrich 7419 Riederich Druba Mold for making prefabricated concrete flights of stairs
DE2407871A1 (en) * 1974-02-19 1975-08-28 Anton Zeilinger Prefabricated concrete-component staircase formwork - continuously adjustable, with cross fillets, displaceable to adjust step units central interval
FR2434016A1 (en) * 1978-08-22 1980-03-21 Monfray Jean Mould for making straight flight concrete stairs - has adjustable treads and risers formed by slidably bolted L=sections fixed to nuts on stepped screw
GB2217359B (en) * 1988-04-13 1991-11-27 Bison Limited Concrete staircases
JP2550885B2 (en) * 1993-09-16 1996-11-06 大成プレハブ株式会社 Method of manufacturing stairs and formwork device thereof
AU2007295116B2 (en) * 2006-09-12 2012-08-02 Patent Agencies Limited Stair forming apparatus and related methods
JP2009281106A (en) * 2008-05-26 2009-12-03 Prefab Kiko Kk Manufacturing method of precast concrete staircase, and form device

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EP2808143A1 (en) 2014-12-03
DK2808143T3 (en) 2018-10-15
PL2808143T3 (en) 2019-03-29
ES2688531T3 (en) 2018-11-05
AT514197A4 (en) 2014-11-15
SI2808143T1 (en) 2018-12-31
HUE039839T2 (en) 2019-02-28
PT2808143T (en) 2018-10-26
AT514197B1 (en) 2014-11-15

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