EP2807664A1 - Combined transformer for power system - Google Patents

Combined transformer for power system

Info

Publication number
EP2807664A1
EP2807664A1 EP12813352.7A EP12813352A EP2807664A1 EP 2807664 A1 EP2807664 A1 EP 2807664A1 EP 12813352 A EP12813352 A EP 12813352A EP 2807664 A1 EP2807664 A1 EP 2807664A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
signal
module
transformer
combined transformer
voltage
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP12813352.7A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2807664B1 (en
Inventor
Fang Min LIN
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN201110459041.3A external-priority patent/CN103187162B/en
Priority claimed from CN2011205714404U external-priority patent/CN202373447U/en
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP2807664A1 publication Critical patent/EP2807664A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2807664B1 publication Critical patent/EP2807664B1/en
Priority to HRP20160996TT priority Critical patent/HRP20160996T1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F38/00—Adaptations of transformers or inductances for specific applications or functions
    • H01F38/20—Instruments transformers
    • H01F38/22—Instruments transformers for single phase ac
    • H01F38/34—Combined voltage and current transformers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a combined transformer for a power system, and in particular to an independent electronic combined transformer.
  • the combined trans- former is an apparatus that has a current and voltage meas ⁇ urement function while being capable of carrying out electric isolation on the primary high voltage and the secondary low voltage .
  • the electromag- netic transformer technology with an iron core based on the Faraday electromagnetic induction principle is usually adopted for the measurement of both current and voltage.
  • the voltage trans- former therein is electromagnetic
  • the inductive element formed by the iron core and the primary winding may cause ferromagnetic resonance with capacitance elements (e.g., breakers , capacitors, etc.) on the power grid under certain operating conditions, thus affecting the stable operation of the power grid.
  • the output interface of the conventional transformer is suitable for electromechanical relays, and the output power of a single coil is relatively large sometimes, so that the cross-sectional area of the magnetic core used in the transformers is increased, the loss is large, and the size of the transformer is increased.
  • the current measurement part is located on the high voltage side at the upper part of the transformer, the primary current passes through the center of the current transformer via a primary conducting rod, wherein a hollow coil is generally used as the transformer for protection level, and a low power coil is used as the transformer for measurement level, while the secondary output from the cur ⁇ rent transformer is converted to a digital optical signal to be sent to the low voltage side via an optical fiber.
  • the voltage measurement part is generally located in an insula ⁇ tor, and an electrode-type capacitive divider is usually adopted.
  • Such a combined transformer has poor stability, the current measurement error is influenced directly by the power voltage on the high voltage side and the working state of each electronic device, and, as the voltage measurement is based on the principle of the capacitive divider and the out- put error needs to be calibrated after on-site installation, it is unable to achieve plug and play.
  • the designed service life of the transformer in the power system is generally re ⁇ quired to reach up to 30 years, while the electronic device in the high voltage side active electronic combined trans- former generally has a service life of just 4 to 5 years and can hardly be maintained normally but can be replaced or re ⁇ paired only after being powered off; however, abnormal power- off will have a major impact on the stable operation of the power grid.
  • the high voltage side active electronic combined transformer has poor resistance to electromagnetic interference, the over-voltage formed due to the operation of the isolating switch or the like on the power grid may make the high voltage side power supply or electronic modules crash or directly break down.
  • a hollow coil is adopted for the current protection function of the current transformer, and it is necessary to utilize quadratic inte ⁇ gration to achieve the linear relation between the secondary output voltage and the primary current, but regardless of the type of the integrator, the time constant of the integrator will cause a certain amount of distortion to the output wave ⁇ form; in particular, in the case of the time constant of the integrator not being large enough, when the short-circuit current passes through the Rogowski coil primarily, the trailing of the output of the Rogowski coil is very serious, and will even cause abnormal protection actions, affecting the safe operation of the power grid.
  • the current measurement part is located on the high voltage side at the upper part of the transformer, and full optical fiber type or magneto-optical glass type sensitive rings based on Faraday magneto-optical effects are adopted.
  • Such a combined transformer has the disadvantage that the transformer has relatively high costs, and quite high requirements on materials (particularly on polarization- maintaining optical fiber of the current transformer and the piezoelectric crystal of the voltage transformer) , several times, even more than 10 times, higher than that of the con- ventional transformer.
  • the optical fiber sensitive ring in the current measurement part and the crystal in the voltage measurement part are sensitive to both the magnetic field formed by the primary current and the electric field formed by the primary voltage, but also are sensing elements with respect to voltage, temperature or the like, and vibration, temperature change or the like during the operation of the transformer may have a direct impact on the error.
  • the processing loop of the secondary signal is complex, there is white noise in the output signal, and the combined transformer will also output a secondary signal due to the interference of the white noise when there is no primary cur ⁇ rent, therefore the requirements of billing cannot be met. If a technology combining the capacitive divider with the
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a com ⁇ bined transformer, by which the error calibration after installation of the existing combined transformer is avoided, with reasonable costs, high reliability, long service life and plug and play capability.
  • Such a combined transformer for a power system comprises: a shell, a base and an insulator connecting the shell and the base.
  • a current trans ⁇ former is arranged in the shell, wherein the current trans ⁇ former can detect the current in a primary conductor in the power system, and the current transformer sends a first sig ⁇ nal reflecting the value of the current in the primary con ⁇ ductor to the base.
  • a voltage transformer is arranged in the insulator, wherein the voltage transformer comprises: an output branch circuit comprising a first input end and a second input end, wherein the output branch circuit sends a second signal reflecting the value of the voltage in the primary conductor to the base; a resistive division circuit, one end of which is electrically connected to the primary conductor, the other end thereof being electrically connected to the first input end; a capacitive division circuit formed by a plurality of layers of capacitive screens serially connected, one end of which is electrically connected to the primary conductor, the other end thereof being electrically connected to the second input end, and the first input end being elec- trically connected to a secondary division potential point of the capacitive division circuit; and a secondary division re ⁇ sistor, one end of which is electrically connected to the first input end, the other end thereof being electrically connected to the second input end.
  • the frequency do ⁇ main range in which the combined transformer can measure the value of the voltage in the primary conductor accurately is broadened, and the error of the voltage transformer need not be calibrated after on-site installation, i.e. the combined transformer can plug and play.
  • the combined transformer can be used for measurement of not only AC volt ⁇ age but also DC voltage.
  • the extension direction of the electrodes of each layer of capacitive screen in the plu- rality of layers of capacitive screens is the same as the ex ⁇ tension direction of the insulator, so that capacitive screens with a large enough electrode area may be set, and the processing and assembling of the plurality of layers of capacitive screens can be simplified, according to actual de- mands .
  • the combined trans ⁇ former comprises a high voltage flange and a grounding flange, wherein the insulator is connected to the shell through the high voltage flange, and the insulator is con ⁇ nected to the base through the grounding flange.
  • the combined transformer comprises a fairlead, a current double shielded twisted-pair cable transmitting the first signal to the base and a voltage double shielded twisted-pair cable transmitting the second signal to the base, wherein the current double shielded twisted-pair cable and the voltage double shielded twisted-pair cable are passed through the fairlead.
  • the fair- lead can protect the double shielded twisted-pair cables passed therethrough.
  • the capacitive screens are wound onto the fairlead or assembled onto the fairlead after being pre-molded, the electrodes of the capacitive screens are one of aluminum foil, copper foil, thin-film semiconductor or paper semiconductor, while the insulating layer between the electrodes is one of sulfur hexafluoride gas composite thin-film, insulation oil composite cable pa ⁇ per, epoxy resin composite crepe paper or silicone oil com ⁇ posite polytetrafluoroethylene tape.
  • the second input end of the output branch circuit is electrically connected to ground potential .
  • the resistive division circuit comprises a plurality of thick-film resistors, wherein the thick-film resistors are connected in parallel to both ends of the capacitive screen after being connected to each other in series, one end of the thick-film resistors connected in series is electrically connected to the primary conductor, and the other end thereof is electrically con ⁇ nected to the first input end of the output branch circuit.
  • the resistive division circuit comprises a resistance band, wherein the resistance band is formed by continuously attaching resistive slurry to the interior surface of the insulator by laser printing or spray coating, one end of the resistance band is electrically connected to the high voltage flange, and the other end thereof is electrically connected to the first input end of the output branch circuit.
  • the current transformer is a low power electronic current transformer comprising a magnetic core, a secondary winding wound onto the magnetic core and a shunt resistor connected to the tail end of the secondary winding.
  • the base is provided therein with an outlet box, wherein the outlet box comprises: an input module, a secondary first signal being obtained af- ter the first signal is processed by the input module in terms of voltage division, and a secondary second signal be ⁇ ing obtained after the second signal is processed by the in ⁇ put module in terms of voltage division; a sampling module electrically isolated from the input module, the sampling module sampling the secondary first signal and the secondary second signal and converting these into a first digital sig ⁇ nal reflecting the first signal and a second digital signal reflecting the second signal respectively; a conversion mod ⁇ ule, the conversion module receiving the first digital signal and the second digital signal outputted by the sampling mod ⁇ ule, and integrating the two digital quantities into a mes ⁇ sage based on communication agreements or communication protocols; an output module, the output module receiving the message outputted by the conversion module and outputting the message to the outside via a network interface of an optical fiber or a cable; a power supply
  • the input module, the sampling module and the conversion module are all located within the base on the low voltage side, which helps to improve the resistance to electromagnetic interference and the reliability of the combined transformer; furthermore, the maintenance is convenient, and modules can be maintained or replaced without power being shut off once.
  • the base is provided therein with an outlet box, wherein the outlet box comprises: an input module, a secondary first signal being obtained af ⁇ ter the first signal is processed by the input module in terms of voltage division, and a secondary second signal be ⁇ ing obtained after the second signal is processed by the in- put module in terms of voltage division; a sampling module electrically isolated from the input module, the sampling module sampling the secondary first signal and the secondary second signal and converting these into a first digital sig ⁇ nal reflecting the first signal and a second digital signal reflecting the second signal respectively; an output module, the output module receiving the first digital signal and the second digital signal outputted by the sampling module, and outputting the first digital signal and the second digital signal to the outside via a network interface of an optical fiber or a cable; a power supply module, the power supply module providing electric energy required for working to the input module, the sampling module and the output module.
  • both the input module and the sam ⁇ pling module are located within the base on the low voltage side, which helps to improve the resistance to electromag ⁇ netic interference and the reliability of the combined trans ⁇ former; furthermore, the maintenance is convenient, and mod ⁇ ules can be maintained or replaced without power being shut off once.
  • the outlet box also comprises: a synchronization module, the synchronization module receiving a synchronization signal from outside of the combined transformer and controlling the sampling module to synchronize according to the synchronization signal.
  • Fig. 1 is a structure diagram of a schematic implementa- tion of a combined transformer for a power system.
  • Fig. 2 is a circuit structure diagram illustrating a schematic implementation of a voltage transformer of the combined transformer as shown in Fig. 1.
  • Fig. 3 is a partial structure diagram showing a sche- matic implementation of a capacitive screen in the combined transformer for a power system.
  • Fig. 4 is a structure diagram illustrating a schematic implementation of a base of the combined transformer for a power system.
  • Fig. 1 is a structure diagram showing a schematic imple ⁇ mentation of a combined transformer for a power system.
  • the combined transformer in the present invention comprises a shell (10), a base (20) and an insulator (30) .
  • the shell 10 and the base 20 are connected via the in ⁇ sulator 30.
  • the insulator 30 comprises a ce ⁇ ramic bush.
  • the end of the insulator 30 connected to the shell 10 is provided with a high voltage flange 31, while the end thereof connected to the base 20 is provided with a grounding flange 33, wherein connecting bolts (not shown) connect the insulator 30 to the shell 10 and the base 20 via the high voltage flange 31 and the grounding flange 33, re ⁇ spectively.
  • the insulator 30 may also be connected to the shell 10 and the base 20 by means of pouring or bonding.
  • a current transformer 12 is arranged in the shell 10.
  • the current transformer 12 can detect the current in a pri ⁇ mary conductor 40 in the power system.
  • the primary conductor 40 is connected to the power supply line in the power system, and the potential of the primary conductor and the current passing therethrough are the same as the power supply line.
  • the current transformer 12 sends a first signal reflecting the value of the current in the primary conductor 40 to the base 20.
  • the current transformer is a low power electronic current transformer disclosed in Chinese Patent ZL200510024292.3, comprising a magnetic core, a secon ⁇ dary winding and a shunt resistor.
  • the leads of the secondary winding are evenly wound onto the magnetic core, the tail end of the secondary winding is connected to the shunt resistor, and the first signal induced in the secondary winding and re ⁇ flecting the value of the current in the primary conductor is sent to the base, transmitted by the double shielded twisted ⁇ pair cable.
  • the specific structure of the current transformer may be found in the specification of that invention patent and will not be described again here.
  • Other types of current transformers may also be used, for example, current trans ⁇ formers based on magneto-optical effects.
  • the current transformer may have the fol ⁇ lowing structures, with corresponding ways for measurement: i) it consists of two independent coils, each of the coils has at least one independent output, one of the coils is used for measuring the value of the current in the power system, and the other coil is used for triggering a protection action when there is overload current in the power system; ii) only one output is designed in the same low power coil, and this output value can meet the requirements of measurement and also precision requirements of protection for different cur ⁇ rents in the primary conductor, for example, when the current in the primary conductor is less than or equal to 200% of the rated primary conductor current, the coil output meets the error requirements of the measurement level, while when the primary current is between 200% of the rated primary conduc ⁇ tor current and the system short-circuit current, the secon ⁇ dary output meets the error requirements of the protection level; and iii) two paths of outputs are designed in the same low power coil, wherein one path meets the error requirements of the measurement level, and
  • the insulating medium 11 filling the space between the current transformer 12 and the shell 10, and the insulating medium 11 may be one of sulfur hexafluoride gas, insulation oil composite cable paper, epoxy resin composite crepe paper or silicone oil composite polytetrafluoroethylene tape .
  • the insulator 30 is provided therein with a voltage transformer 32.
  • Fig. 2 is a circuit structure diagram illus- trating a schematic implementation of a voltage transformer 32 of the combined transformer as shown in Fig. 1.
  • the voltage transformer 32 comprises a resistive division circuit 34, a capacitive division circuit 36, an output branch circuit 38 and a secondary division resistor 37, wherein the capacitive division circuit 36 is realized by a plurality of layers of capacitive screens connected in se ⁇ ries.
  • the output branch circuit 38 comprises a first input end 382 and a second input end 384.
  • the output branch circuit 38 can send a second signal reflecting the value of the volt ⁇ age in the primary conductor 40 to the base 20.
  • the resistive division circuit 34 is connected in parallel to the capaci ⁇ tive division circuit 36, i.e. one end of the resistive divi- sion circuit 34 is electrically connected to the primary con ⁇ ductor 40 to have the same potential as the primary conductor 40, and the other end of the resistive division circuit 34 is electrically connected to the first input end 382.
  • One end of the capacitive division circuit 36 is electrically connected to the primary conductor 40 and the other end thereof is electrically connected to the second input end 384, and the first input end 382 is electrically connected to the secon ⁇ dary division potential point 361 of the capacitive division circuit 36.
  • One end of the secondary division resistor 37 is electrically connected to the first input end 382 and the other end thereof is electrically connected to the second in ⁇ put end 384. In the schematic implementation as shown in the figure, the second input end 384 is grounded.
  • the frequency domain range in which the combined transformer can measure the value of the voltage in the primary conductor ac ⁇ curately is broadened, and in particular the loss of the high frequency voltage signals is avoided.
  • the electrode area of each layer of capacitor in the plural ⁇ ity of layers of capacitive screens is increased greatly, and the thickness of the insulating layer between electrodes may be very small, so that the capacitance of the capacitive screens is greatly increased.
  • Fig. 3 is a partial structure diagram showing a sche ⁇ matic implementation of a capacitive screen in the combined transformer for a power system. As shown, the extension direction of the electrodes 362 of each layer of capacitive screen in the plurality of layers of capacitive screens is the same as the extension direction of the insulator 30.
  • capacitive screens with a large enough electrode area may be set, thereby avoiding too small a thickness of the insulating layer between electrodes.
  • the extension direction of electrodes 362 may also form a certain included angle with the extension direction of the insulator 30.
  • the insulator 30 is also provided with a fairlead 35, a current double shielded twisted-pair cable 352 transmitting the first signal to the base 20 and a voltage double shielded twisted-pair cable 354 transmitting the second signal to the base 20 are passed through the fairlead 35;
  • the use of double shielded twisted ⁇ pair cables can reduce interference to the transmitted sig- nals from external electromagnetic fields, but other trans ⁇ mission methods with a shielding function may also be used, and the fairlead 35 can protect the double shielded twisted ⁇ pair cables passed therethrough.
  • the capacitive screens are wound onto the fairlead 35 or assembled onto the fairlead after being pre-molded, and the common electrodes between each layer of capacitors are connected in series.
  • the electrodes of the capacitive screens may be flexible thin film with conductivity, such as aluminum foil, copper foil, thin-film semiconductor or paper semiconductor.
  • the insulating layer between the electrodes may be flexible insulating thin film, such as sulfur hexafluoride composite thin-film, insulation oil composite cable paper, epoxy resin composite crepe paper or silicone oil composite polytetrafluoroethylene tape.
  • the outermost layer of electrodes of the capacitive screens is electrically connected to the primary conductor 40, and the last layer of electrodes of the capacitive screens is electrically connected to the ground potential.
  • the second input end 384 of the output branch circuit 38 is electrically connected to the last layer of electrodes of the capacitive screens, the first input end 382 thereof is elec ⁇ trically connected to the tap of the electrode in the capaci- tive division circuit 36 corresponding to the secondary division potential point 361, i.e.
  • the potential difference be ⁇ tween the secondary division potential point 361 and the ground potential is sampled as the voltage output signal so as to output the second signal reflecting the value of the voltage in the primary conductor, wherein the secondary division potential point is a potential point, the potential of which corresponds to the division ratio specified by the pri ⁇ mary conductor potential according to standards.
  • the resistance value of the output branch circuit 38 connected to the resis ⁇ tive division circuit 34 may be adjusted according to actual demands, to obtain a suitable potential.
  • the resistive divi ⁇ sion circuit 34 comprises a plurality of thick-film resis- tors, and after these thick-film resistors are connected in series, one end is connected to the outermost layer of elec ⁇ trodes of the capacitive screens and the other end is con ⁇ nected to the secondary division potential point 361 of the capacitive screens, so that the resistive division circuit 34 is connected to the capacitive division circuit 36 in paral ⁇ lel, wherein one end of the thick-film resistors is electri ⁇ cally connected to the primary conductor 40 and the other end thereof is electrically connected to the first input end 382 of the output branch circuit 38.
  • a curved resistance band can be formed by continuously attaching resistive slurry to the interior surface of the insulator by laser printing or spray coating.
  • One end of the resistance band is electrically con ⁇ nected to the high voltage flange, and the other end thereof is electrically connected to the first input end 382 of the output branch circuit 38 and insulated from the grounding flange 33.
  • Fig. 4 is a structure diagram illustrating a schematic implementation of a base 20 of the combined transformer for a power system. As shown, the base 20 (not shown) is provided therein with an outlet box 22 comprising: an input module 24, a sampling module 26, a conversion module 25, an output mod ⁇ ule 28, a synchronization module 27 and a power supply module 29.
  • the input module 24 can receive a first signal reflect ⁇ ing the value of the current in the primary conductor 40 and a second signal reflecting the value of the voltage in the primary conductor, which are inputted by the voltage double shielded twisted-pair cable 354 and the current double shielded twisted-pair cable 352 of the output branch circuit 38, respectively, and process the first signal and the second signal in terms of voltage division to further reduce their potentials, with a secondary first signal and a secondary second signal respectively obtained after voltage division.
  • the sampling module 26 samples the secondary first sig ⁇ nal and the secondary second signal by means of isolating and coupling, for example, inputs the secondary first signal and the secondary second signal by means of magnetoelectric cou- pling or photoelectric coupling.
  • the electric isolation be ⁇ tween the sampling module 26 and the input module 24 is used for ensuring the maintenance safety of the outlet box 22 and preventing high voltage from influencing the devices within the outlet box 22.
  • the sampling module 26 also converts the secondary first signal and the secondary second signal in the analog form into a first digital signal and a second digital signal in a digital form.
  • the conversion module 25 receives the first digital sig ⁇ nal and the second digital signal, carries out standardized processing in the form of re-sampling and format conversion on the first digital signal and the second digital signal in accordance with an industrial standard of power systems, for example, IEC61850-9-1/2 or IEC60044-1 (FT3) to obtain format- ted signals meeting communication agreements/protocols, and integrates two digital quantities (the first digital signal and the second digital signal) into a message based on commu ⁇ nication agreements or communication protocols.
  • the conver- sion module 25 may or may not be used according to the spe ⁇ cific condition of a power system.
  • the output module 28 can receive formatted signals or directly receive digital signals; furthermore, the output module 28 converts formatted signals or digital signals into signals suitable for Ethernet or point-to-point transmission and outputs same to the outside via a network interface of an optical fiber or a cable.
  • the outlet box 22 also comprises a synchronization module 27. It can receive a synchronization signal from outside of the combined transformer according to IEC61588 and control the sampling module 26 to synchronize according to the synchronization signal, to coordinate the measurement actions of each of the combined transformers and test terminals in the power system. After losing the external synchronization signal, the outlet box 22 switches automati ⁇ cally, so that the input module 24, the sampling module 26, the conversion module 25 and the output module 28 within the outlet box 22 continue working, to ensure the sampling is continuous and uninterrupted.
  • the power supply module 29 can provide electric energy required for working to the input module 24, the sampling module 26, the conversion module 25, the output module 28 and the synchronization module 27.
  • the power supply module 29 may convert externally-provided DC ⁇ 110V or AC 220V into low voltage DC that may be used by the sampling module 26, the input module 24 and the conversion module 25 to work. They may also be powered by batteries.
  • the shell 10 on the high voltage side is of a passive structure, no energy-obtaining, sampling conversion module is arranged within the shell 10, the input module 24, the sampling module 26 and the conversion module 25 are all located within the base 20 on the low voltage side, which helps to improve the resistance to electromagnetic interference and the reliabil ⁇ ity of the combined transformer; furthermore, the maintenance is convenient, and modules can be maintained or replaced without shutting power off once.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transformers For Measuring Instruments (AREA)
  • Measuring Instrument Details And Bridges, And Automatic Balancing Devices (AREA)
  • Supply And Distribution Of Alternating Current (AREA)
  • Gas-Insulated Switchgears (AREA)

Abstract

Provided is a combined transformer for a power system, comprising a shell (10), a base (20) and an insulator (30). A current transformer (12) is arranged in the shell, which current transformer can detect the current in a primary conductor (40) in the power system. A voltage transformer (32) is arranged in the insulator, comprising a resistive division circuit (34), a capacitive division circuit (36), a secondary division resistor (37) and an output branch circuit (38), wherein one end of the resistive division circuit is electrically connected to the primary conductor, and the other end thereof is electrically connected to the secondary division potential point of the capacitive division circuit; the capacitive division circuit is realized by a plurality of layers of capacitive screens. The combined transformer of the present invention does not need error calibration after being installed on site and can plug and play.

Description

Description
Combined transformer for power system The present invention relates to a combined transformer for a power system, and in particular to an independent electronic combined transformer.
It is necessary to use transformers in a power system to measure high voltage large current and high voltage, in order to achieve protection, control and electric energy measure¬ ment of the power system. During this process, it is also necessary to carry out electric isolation on the primary high voltage and the secondary low voltage. The combined trans- former is an apparatus that has a current and voltage meas¬ urement function while being capable of carrying out electric isolation on the primary high voltage and the secondary low voltage .
In conventional combined transformers, the electromag- netic transformer technology with an iron core based on the Faraday electromagnetic induction principle is usually adopted for the measurement of both current and voltage. At present, such a combined transformer has been widely applied in power systems all over the world. As the voltage trans- former therein is electromagnetic, the inductive element formed by the iron core and the primary winding may cause ferromagnetic resonance with capacitance elements (e.g., breakers , capacitors, etc.) on the power grid under certain operating conditions, thus affecting the stable operation of the power grid. Secondly, on the secondary side, no short- circuit is allowed for the voltage transformer while no open- circuit is allowed for the current transformer, otherwise the large current formed due to short-circuit or the over-voltage formed due to open-circuit will cause serious damage to the transformer. In addition, the output interface of the conventional transformer is suitable for electromechanical relays, and the output power of a single coil is relatively large sometimes, so that the cross-sectional area of the magnetic core used in the transformers is increased, the loss is large, and the size of the transformer is increased.
For a high voltage side active electronic combined transformer, the current measurement part is located on the high voltage side at the upper part of the transformer, the primary current passes through the center of the current transformer via a primary conducting rod, wherein a hollow coil is generally used as the transformer for protection level, and a low power coil is used as the transformer for measurement level, while the secondary output from the cur¬ rent transformer is converted to a digital optical signal to be sent to the low voltage side via an optical fiber. The voltage measurement part is generally located in an insula¬ tor, and an electrode-type capacitive divider is usually adopted. Such a combined transformer has poor stability, the current measurement error is influenced directly by the power voltage on the high voltage side and the working state of each electronic device, and, as the voltage measurement is based on the principle of the capacitive divider and the out- put error needs to be calibrated after on-site installation, it is unable to achieve plug and play. The designed service life of the transformer in the power system is generally re¬ quired to reach up to 30 years, while the electronic device in the high voltage side active electronic combined trans- former generally has a service life of just 4 to 5 years and can hardly be maintained normally but can be replaced or re¬ paired only after being powered off; however, abnormal power- off will have a major impact on the stable operation of the power grid. Secondly, the high voltage side active electronic combined transformer has poor resistance to electromagnetic interference, the over-voltage formed due to the operation of the isolating switch or the like on the power grid may make the high voltage side power supply or electronic modules crash or directly break down. Secondly, a hollow coil is adopted for the current protection function of the current transformer, and it is necessary to utilize quadratic inte¬ gration to achieve the linear relation between the secondary output voltage and the primary current, but regardless of the type of the integrator, the time constant of the integrator will cause a certain amount of distortion to the output wave¬ form; in particular, in the case of the time constant of the integrator not being large enough, when the short-circuit current passes through the Rogowski coil primarily, the trailing of the output of the Rogowski coil is very serious, and will even cause abnormal protection actions, affecting the safe operation of the power grid.
For a high voltage side passive pure photoelectric com- bined transformer, the current measurement part is located on the high voltage side at the upper part of the transformer, and full optical fiber type or magneto-optical glass type sensitive rings based on Faraday magneto-optical effects are adopted. Such a combined transformer has the disadvantage that the transformer has relatively high costs, and quite high requirements on materials (particularly on polarization- maintaining optical fiber of the current transformer and the piezoelectric crystal of the voltage transformer) , several times, even more than 10 times, higher than that of the con- ventional transformer. The optical fiber sensitive ring in the current measurement part and the crystal in the voltage measurement part are sensitive to both the magnetic field formed by the primary current and the electric field formed by the primary voltage, but also are sensing elements with respect to voltage, temperature or the like, and vibration, temperature change or the like during the operation of the transformer may have a direct impact on the error. In addi¬ tion, the processing loop of the secondary signal is complex, there is white noise in the output signal, and the combined transformer will also output a secondary signal due to the interference of the white noise when there is no primary cur¬ rent, therefore the requirements of billing cannot be met. If a technology combining the capacitive divider with the
Pockels effects is used for voltage measurement, the measure- ment error of the voltage part also has to be calibrated on site, and it is unable to achieve plug and play. Therefore, there is a need in the art for a combined transformer for a power system, with reasonable costs, high reliability and convenient installation. The object of the present invention is to provide a com¬ bined transformer, by which the error calibration after installation of the existing combined transformer is avoided, with reasonable costs, high reliability, long service life and plug and play capability.
Such a combined transformer for a power system provided in the present invention comprises: a shell, a base and an insulator connecting the shell and the base. A current trans¬ former is arranged in the shell, wherein the current trans¬ former can detect the current in a primary conductor in the power system, and the current transformer sends a first sig¬ nal reflecting the value of the current in the primary con¬ ductor to the base. A voltage transformer is arranged in the insulator, wherein the voltage transformer comprises: an output branch circuit comprising a first input end and a second input end, wherein the output branch circuit sends a second signal reflecting the value of the voltage in the primary conductor to the base; a resistive division circuit, one end of which is electrically connected to the primary conductor, the other end thereof being electrically connected to the first input end; a capacitive division circuit formed by a plurality of layers of capacitive screens serially connected, one end of which is electrically connected to the primary conductor, the other end thereof being electrically connected to the second input end, and the first input end being elec- trically connected to a secondary division potential point of the capacitive division circuit; and a secondary division re¬ sistor, one end of which is electrically connected to the first input end, the other end thereof being electrically connected to the second input end. As a voltage division method achieved by connecting series resistors and series ca¬ pacitors in parallel and a plurality of layers of capacitive screens are used in the present invention, the frequency do¬ main range in which the combined transformer can measure the value of the voltage in the primary conductor accurately is broadened, and the error of the voltage transformer need not be calibrated after on-site installation, i.e. the combined transformer can plug and play. In addition, the combined transformer can be used for measurement of not only AC volt¬ age but also DC voltage.
In a schematic implementation of the combined trans¬ former in the present invention, the extension direction of the electrodes of each layer of capacitive screen in the plu- rality of layers of capacitive screens is the same as the ex¬ tension direction of the insulator, so that capacitive screens with a large enough electrode area may be set, and the processing and assembling of the plurality of layers of capacitive screens can be simplified, according to actual de- mands .
In another schematic implementation of the combined transformer in the present invention, the combined trans¬ former comprises a high voltage flange and a grounding flange, wherein the insulator is connected to the shell through the high voltage flange, and the insulator is con¬ nected to the base through the grounding flange.
In still another schematic implementation of the combined transformer in the present invention, the combined transformer comprises a fairlead, a current double shielded twisted-pair cable transmitting the first signal to the base and a voltage double shielded twisted-pair cable transmitting the second signal to the base, wherein the current double shielded twisted-pair cable and the voltage double shielded twisted-pair cable are passed through the fairlead. The fair- lead can protect the double shielded twisted-pair cables passed therethrough.
In yet another schematic implementation of the combined transformer in the present invention, the capacitive screens are wound onto the fairlead or assembled onto the fairlead after being pre-molded, the electrodes of the capacitive screens are one of aluminum foil, copper foil, thin-film semiconductor or paper semiconductor, while the insulating layer between the electrodes is one of sulfur hexafluoride gas composite thin-film, insulation oil composite cable pa¬ per, epoxy resin composite crepe paper or silicone oil com¬ posite polytetrafluoroethylene tape.
In yet another schematic implementation of the combined transformer in the present invention, the second input end of the output branch circuit is electrically connected to ground potential .
In yet another schematic implementation of the combined transformer in the present invention, the resistive division circuit comprises a plurality of thick-film resistors, wherein the thick-film resistors are connected in parallel to both ends of the capacitive screen after being connected to each other in series, one end of the thick-film resistors connected in series is electrically connected to the primary conductor, and the other end thereof is electrically con¬ nected to the first input end of the output branch circuit.
In yet another schematic implementation of the combined transformer in the present invention, the resistive division circuit comprises a resistance band, wherein the resistance band is formed by continuously attaching resistive slurry to the interior surface of the insulator by laser printing or spray coating, one end of the resistance band is electrically connected to the high voltage flange, and the other end thereof is electrically connected to the first input end of the output branch circuit. Using the insulator as a part of the voltage transformer not only ensures long service life, reliability and stability of the insulating system and insu¬ lating materials of the combined transformer, but also saves materials of the voltage transformer, so that the design costs are reduced.
In yet another schematic implementation of the combined transformer in the present invention, the current transformer is a low power electronic current transformer comprising a magnetic core, a secondary winding wound onto the magnetic core and a shunt resistor connected to the tail end of the secondary winding.
In yet another schematic implementation of the combined transformer in the present invention, there is an insulating medium filling the space between the current transformer and the shell, and the insulating medium is one of sulfur
hexafluoride gas, insulation oil composite cable paper, epoxy resin composite crepe paper or silicone oil composite
polytetrafluoroethylene tape.
In yet another schematic implementation of the combined transformer in the present invention, the base is provided therein with an outlet box, wherein the outlet box comprises: an input module, a secondary first signal being obtained af- ter the first signal is processed by the input module in terms of voltage division, and a secondary second signal be¬ ing obtained after the second signal is processed by the in¬ put module in terms of voltage division; a sampling module electrically isolated from the input module, the sampling module sampling the secondary first signal and the secondary second signal and converting these into a first digital sig¬ nal reflecting the first signal and a second digital signal reflecting the second signal respectively; a conversion mod¬ ule, the conversion module receiving the first digital signal and the second digital signal outputted by the sampling mod¬ ule, and integrating the two digital quantities into a mes¬ sage based on communication agreements or communication protocols; an output module, the output module receiving the message outputted by the conversion module and outputting the message to the outside via a network interface of an optical fiber or a cable; a power supply module, the power supply module providing electric energy required for working to the input module, the sampling module, the conversion module and the output module. In the combined transformer, the input module, the sampling module and the conversion module are all located within the base on the low voltage side, which helps to improve the resistance to electromagnetic interference and the reliability of the combined transformer; furthermore, the maintenance is convenient, and modules can be maintained or replaced without power being shut off once.
In yet another schematic implementation of the combined transformer in the present invention, the base is provided therein with an outlet box, wherein the outlet box comprises: an input module, a secondary first signal being obtained af¬ ter the first signal is processed by the input module in terms of voltage division, and a secondary second signal be¬ ing obtained after the second signal is processed by the in- put module in terms of voltage division; a sampling module electrically isolated from the input module, the sampling module sampling the secondary first signal and the secondary second signal and converting these into a first digital sig¬ nal reflecting the first signal and a second digital signal reflecting the second signal respectively; an output module, the output module receiving the first digital signal and the second digital signal outputted by the sampling module, and outputting the first digital signal and the second digital signal to the outside via a network interface of an optical fiber or a cable; a power supply module, the power supply module providing electric energy required for working to the input module, the sampling module and the output module. In the combined transformer, both the input module and the sam¬ pling module are located within the base on the low voltage side, which helps to improve the resistance to electromag¬ netic interference and the reliability of the combined trans¬ former; furthermore, the maintenance is convenient, and mod¬ ules can be maintained or replaced without power being shut off once.
In yet another schematic implementation of the combined transformer in the present invention, the outlet box also comprises: a synchronization module, the synchronization module receiving a synchronization signal from outside of the combined transformer and controlling the sampling module to synchronize according to the synchronization signal.
The preferred embodiments will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in a clear and under¬ standable way, and the features, technical characteristics, advantages and implementations of the combined transformer in the present invention will be further described. The following figures are only for schematic description and explanation of the present invention and are not to limit the scope of the present invention.
Fig. 1 is a structure diagram of a schematic implementa- tion of a combined transformer for a power system.
Fig. 2 is a circuit structure diagram illustrating a schematic implementation of a voltage transformer of the combined transformer as shown in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a partial structure diagram showing a sche- matic implementation of a capacitive screen in the combined transformer for a power system.
Fig. 4 is a structure diagram illustrating a schematic implementation of a base of the combined transformer for a power system.
In order to understand the technical features, objects and effects of the present invention more clearly, particular embodiments of the present invention are described here with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which like numer- als in the figures represent the same parts or parts with a similar structure but the same function.
To make the figures look concise, only parts related to the present invention are schematically shown in each of the figures, and they do not represent the actual structure of the product. In addition, to make the figures look concise and easy to understand, in some figures, only one of compo¬ nents with the same structure or function is schematically drawn or marked.
In this context, "a" or "an" represents not only "only one" but also "more than one". In this context, "parallel" between two objects does not mean absolutely parallel in a geometric sense; instead, it may comprise deviation allowable during assembling and processing.
In this context, the ground potential, the base 20, the grounding flange 33 and the second input end 384 may be elec¬ trically connected to the ground, and they have the same po¬ tential. The shell 10, the primary conductor 40 and the high voltage flange 31 have the same potential. Fig. 1 is a structure diagram showing a schematic imple¬ mentation of a combined transformer for a power system. As shown in Fig. 1, the combined transformer in the present invention comprises a shell (10), a base (20) and an insulator (30) . The shell 10 and the base 20 are connected via the in¬ sulator 30. In an implementation of the combined transformer in the present invention, the insulator 30 comprises a ce¬ ramic bush. The end of the insulator 30 connected to the shell 10 is provided with a high voltage flange 31, while the end thereof connected to the base 20 is provided with a grounding flange 33, wherein connecting bolts (not shown) connect the insulator 30 to the shell 10 and the base 20 via the high voltage flange 31 and the grounding flange 33, re¬ spectively. The insulator 30 may also be connected to the shell 10 and the base 20 by means of pouring or bonding.
A current transformer 12 is arranged in the shell 10. The current transformer 12 can detect the current in a pri¬ mary conductor 40 in the power system. The primary conductor 40 is connected to the power supply line in the power system, and the potential of the primary conductor and the current passing therethrough are the same as the power supply line. The current transformer 12 sends a first signal reflecting the value of the current in the primary conductor 40 to the base 20. In a schematic implementation of the combined trans- former in the present invention, the current transformer is a low power electronic current transformer disclosed in Chinese Patent ZL200510024292.3, comprising a magnetic core, a secon¬ dary winding and a shunt resistor. The leads of the secondary winding are evenly wound onto the magnetic core, the tail end of the secondary winding is connected to the shunt resistor, and the first signal induced in the secondary winding and re¬ flecting the value of the current in the primary conductor is sent to the base, transmitted by the double shielded twisted¬ pair cable. The specific structure of the current transformer may be found in the specification of that invention patent and will not be described again here. Other types of current transformers may also be used, for example, current trans¬ formers based on magneto-optical effects. In addition, the current transformer may have the fol¬ lowing structures, with corresponding ways for measurement: i) it consists of two independent coils, each of the coils has at least one independent output, one of the coils is used for measuring the value of the current in the power system, and the other coil is used for triggering a protection action when there is overload current in the power system; ii) only one output is designed in the same low power coil, and this output value can meet the requirements of measurement and also precision requirements of protection for different cur¬ rents in the primary conductor, for example, when the current in the primary conductor is less than or equal to 200% of the rated primary conductor current, the coil output meets the error requirements of the measurement level, while when the primary current is between 200% of the rated primary conduc¬ tor current and the system short-circuit current, the secon¬ dary output meets the error requirements of the protection level; and iii) two paths of outputs are designed in the same low power coil, wherein one path meets the error requirements of the measurement level, and the other path meets the error requirements of the protection level.
There is an insulating medium 11 filling the space between the current transformer 12 and the shell 10, and the insulating medium 11 may be one of sulfur hexafluoride gas, insulation oil composite cable paper, epoxy resin composite crepe paper or silicone oil composite polytetrafluoroethylene tape .
The insulator 30 is provided therein with a voltage transformer 32. Fig. 2 is a circuit structure diagram illus- trating a schematic implementation of a voltage transformer 32 of the combined transformer as shown in Fig. 1. As shown, the voltage transformer 32 comprises a resistive division circuit 34, a capacitive division circuit 36, an output branch circuit 38 and a secondary division resistor 37, wherein the capacitive division circuit 36 is realized by a plurality of layers of capacitive screens connected in se¬ ries. The output branch circuit 38 comprises a first input end 382 and a second input end 384. The output branch circuit 38 can send a second signal reflecting the value of the volt¬ age in the primary conductor 40 to the base 20. The resistive division circuit 34 is connected in parallel to the capaci¬ tive division circuit 36, i.e. one end of the resistive divi- sion circuit 34 is electrically connected to the primary con¬ ductor 40 to have the same potential as the primary conductor 40, and the other end of the resistive division circuit 34 is electrically connected to the first input end 382. One end of the capacitive division circuit 36 is electrically connected to the primary conductor 40 and the other end thereof is electrically connected to the second input end 384, and the first input end 382 is electrically connected to the secon¬ dary division potential point 361 of the capacitive division circuit 36. One end of the secondary division resistor 37 is electrically connected to the first input end 382 and the other end thereof is electrically connected to the second in¬ put end 384. In the schematic implementation as shown in the figure, the second input end 384 is grounded.
As a voltage division method achieved by connecting se- ries resistors and series capacitors in parallel is used, the frequency domain range in which the combined transformer can measure the value of the voltage in the primary conductor ac¬ curately is broadened, and in particular the loss of the high frequency voltage signals is avoided. At the same time, com- pared with conventional electrode type capacitive dividers, the electrode area of each layer of capacitor in the plural¬ ity of layers of capacitive screens is increased greatly, and the thickness of the insulating layer between electrodes may be very small, so that the capacitance of the capacitive screens is greatly increased. In addition, the capacitive screens have low susceptibility to interference by external stray capacitance due to small parasitic capacitance, and therefore it is unnecessary to calibrate the error of the voltage transformer after on-site installation, i.e. the com- bined transformer can plug and play. At the same time, the combined transformer can be used for measurement of not only AC voltage but also DC voltage. Fig. 3 is a partial structure diagram showing a sche¬ matic implementation of a capacitive screen in the combined transformer for a power system. As shown, the extension direction of the electrodes 362 of each layer of capacitive screen in the plurality of layers of capacitive screens is the same as the extension direction of the insulator 30. With such an arrangement method, capacitive screens with a large enough electrode area may be set, thereby avoiding too small a thickness of the insulating layer between electrodes. In addition, the extension direction of electrodes 362 may also form a certain included angle with the extension direction of the insulator 30.
With reference to Fig. 1 and Fig. 3, the insulator 30 is also provided with a fairlead 35, a current double shielded twisted-pair cable 352 transmitting the first signal to the base 20 and a voltage double shielded twisted-pair cable 354 transmitting the second signal to the base 20 are passed through the fairlead 35; the use of double shielded twisted¬ pair cables can reduce interference to the transmitted sig- nals from external electromagnetic fields, but other trans¬ mission methods with a shielding function may also be used, and the fairlead 35 can protect the double shielded twisted¬ pair cables passed therethrough.
With reference to Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, the capacitive screens are wound onto the fairlead 35 or assembled onto the fairlead after being pre-molded, and the common electrodes between each layer of capacitors are connected in series. The electrodes of the capacitive screens may be flexible thin film with conductivity, such as aluminum foil, copper foil, thin-film semiconductor or paper semiconductor. The insulating layer between the electrodes may be flexible insulating thin film, such as sulfur hexafluoride composite thin-film, insulation oil composite cable paper, epoxy resin composite crepe paper or silicone oil composite polytetrafluoroethylene tape. The outermost layer of electrodes of the capacitive screens is electrically connected to the primary conductor 40, and the last layer of electrodes of the capacitive screens is electrically connected to the ground potential. The second input end 384 of the output branch circuit 38 is electrically connected to the last layer of electrodes of the capacitive screens, the first input end 382 thereof is elec¬ trically connected to the tap of the electrode in the capaci- tive division circuit 36 corresponding to the secondary division potential point 361, i.e. the potential difference be¬ tween the secondary division potential point 361 and the ground potential is sampled as the voltage output signal so as to output the second signal reflecting the value of the voltage in the primary conductor, wherein the secondary division potential point is a potential point, the potential of which corresponds to the division ratio specified by the pri¬ mary conductor potential according to standards. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the resistance value of the output branch circuit 38 connected to the resis¬ tive division circuit 34 may be adjusted according to actual demands, to obtain a suitable potential.
With reference to Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, the resistive divi¬ sion circuit 34 comprises a plurality of thick-film resis- tors, and after these thick-film resistors are connected in series, one end is connected to the outermost layer of elec¬ trodes of the capacitive screens and the other end is con¬ nected to the secondary division potential point 361 of the capacitive screens, so that the resistive division circuit 34 is connected to the capacitive division circuit 36 in paral¬ lel, wherein one end of the thick-film resistors is electri¬ cally connected to the primary conductor 40 and the other end thereof is electrically connected to the first input end 382 of the output branch circuit 38. A curved resistance band can be formed by continuously attaching resistive slurry to the interior surface of the insulator by laser printing or spray coating. One end of the resistance band is electrically con¬ nected to the high voltage flange, and the other end thereof is electrically connected to the first input end 382 of the output branch circuit 38 and insulated from the grounding flange 33. Using the insulator 30 as a part of the voltage transformer not only ensures long service life, reliability and stability of the insulating system and insulating materi- als of the combined transformer, but also saves materials of the voltage transformer, so that the design costs are re¬ duced .
Fig. 4 is a structure diagram illustrating a schematic implementation of a base 20 of the combined transformer for a power system. As shown, the base 20 (not shown) is provided therein with an outlet box 22 comprising: an input module 24, a sampling module 26, a conversion module 25, an output mod¬ ule 28, a synchronization module 27 and a power supply module 29.
The input module 24 can receive a first signal reflect¬ ing the value of the current in the primary conductor 40 and a second signal reflecting the value of the voltage in the primary conductor, which are inputted by the voltage double shielded twisted-pair cable 354 and the current double shielded twisted-pair cable 352 of the output branch circuit 38, respectively, and process the first signal and the second signal in terms of voltage division to further reduce their potentials, with a secondary first signal and a secondary second signal respectively obtained after voltage division.
The sampling module 26 samples the secondary first sig¬ nal and the secondary second signal by means of isolating and coupling, for example, inputs the secondary first signal and the secondary second signal by means of magnetoelectric cou- pling or photoelectric coupling. The electric isolation be¬ tween the sampling module 26 and the input module 24 is used for ensuring the maintenance safety of the outlet box 22 and preventing high voltage from influencing the devices within the outlet box 22. At the same time, the sampling module 26 also converts the secondary first signal and the secondary second signal in the analog form into a first digital signal and a second digital signal in a digital form.
The conversion module 25 receives the first digital sig¬ nal and the second digital signal, carries out standardized processing in the form of re-sampling and format conversion on the first digital signal and the second digital signal in accordance with an industrial standard of power systems, for example, IEC61850-9-1/2 or IEC60044-1 (FT3) to obtain format- ted signals meeting communication agreements/protocols, and integrates two digital quantities (the first digital signal and the second digital signal) into a message based on commu¬ nication agreements or communication protocols. The conver- sion module 25 may or may not be used according to the spe¬ cific condition of a power system.
The output module 28 can receive formatted signals or directly receive digital signals; furthermore, the output module 28 converts formatted signals or digital signals into signals suitable for Ethernet or point-to-point transmission and outputs same to the outside via a network interface of an optical fiber or a cable.
As shown in Fig. 4, the outlet box 22 also comprises a synchronization module 27. It can receive a synchronization signal from outside of the combined transformer according to IEC61588 and control the sampling module 26 to synchronize according to the synchronization signal, to coordinate the measurement actions of each of the combined transformers and test terminals in the power system. After losing the external synchronization signal, the outlet box 22 switches automati¬ cally, so that the input module 24, the sampling module 26, the conversion module 25 and the output module 28 within the outlet box 22 continue working, to ensure the sampling is continuous and uninterrupted.
The power supply module 29 can provide electric energy required for working to the input module 24, the sampling module 26, the conversion module 25, the output module 28 and the synchronization module 27. The power supply module 29 may convert externally-provided DC ± 110V or AC 220V into low voltage DC that may be used by the sampling module 26, the input module 24 and the conversion module 25 to work. They may also be powered by batteries.
In the combined transformer for a power system, the shell 10 on the high voltage side is of a passive structure, no energy-obtaining, sampling conversion module is arranged within the shell 10, the input module 24, the sampling module 26 and the conversion module 25 are all located within the base 20 on the low voltage side, which helps to improve the resistance to electromagnetic interference and the reliabil¬ ity of the combined transformer; furthermore, the maintenance is convenient, and modules can be maintained or replaced without shutting power off once.
In this context, "schematic" indicates "serving as an example, instance or description", and no illustration or implementation described as "schematic" in this context should be interpreted as a more preferred or more advantageous tech¬ nical solution.
It should be understood that, although the specification is given according to each of the embodiments, it is by no means the case that each embodiment only comprises one inde¬ pendent technical solution; this narration manner of the specification is only for clarity, and for those skilled in the art, the specification should be regarded as a whole, and the technical solutions in each of the embodiments may also be suitably combined to form other implementations that may be understood by those skilled in the art.
The series of detailed descriptions set forth above are only specific descriptions of feasible embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the protec¬ tive scope of the present invention; and all the equivalent embodiments or modifications made without departing from the technical spirit of the present invention should be included in the protective scope of the present invention.

Claims

Patent claims
1. A combined transformer for a power system, comprising a shell (10), a base (20) and an insulator (30) connect- ing the shell (10) and the base (20), wherein
a current transformer (12) is arranged in the shell (10), which current transformer (12) can detect the current in a primary conductor (40) in the power system, and which current transformer (12) sends a first signal reflecting the value of the current in the primary conductor (40) to the base (20) ;
a voltage transformer (32) is arranged in the insulator (30), characterized in that the voltage transformer (32) com¬ prises :
an output branch circuit (38), comprising a first input end (382) and a second input end (384), wherein the output branch circuit (38) sends a second signal reflecting the value of the voltage in the primary conductor (40) to the base (20) ;
a resistive division circuit (34), one end of which is electrically connected to the primary conductor (40), the other end thereof being electrically connected to the first input end (382) ;
a capacitive division circuit (36) formed by a plu- rality of layers of capacitive screens serially connected, one end of which is electrically connected to the primary conductor (40), the other end thereof being electrically con¬ nected to the second input end (384), and the first input end (382) being electrically connected to a secondary division potential point (361) of the capacitive division circuit (36) ; and
a secondary division resistor (37), one end of which is electrically connected to the first input end (382), the other end thereof being electrically connected to the second input end (384) .
2. The combined transformer as claimed in claim 1, wherein the extension direction of electrodes (362) of each layer of capacitive screen in the plurality of layers of ca- pacitive screens is the same as the extension direction of the insulator (30) .
3. The combined transformer as claimed in claim 1, wherein the combined transformer comprises a high voltage flange (31) and a grounding flange (33), wherein the insula- tor (30) is connected to the shell (10) through the high voltage flange (31), and the insulator (30) is connected to the base (20) through the grounding flange (33) .
4. The combined transformer as claimed in claim 1, wherein the combined transformer comprises a fairlead (35) , a current double shielded twisted-pair cable (352) transmitting the first signal to the base (20) and a voltage double shielded twisted-pair cable (354) transmitting the second signal to the base (20), wherein the current double shielded twisted-pair cable (352) and the voltage double shielded twisted-pair cable (354) are passed through the fairlead (35) .
5. The combined transformer as claimed in claim 4, wherein the capacitive screens are wound onto the fairlead (35) or assembled onto the fairlead (35) after being pre- molded, the electrodes (362) of the capacitive screens are one of aluminum foil, copper foil, thin-film semiconductor or paper semiconductor, while the insulating layer between the electrodes (362) is one of sulfur hexafluoride gas composite thin-film, insulation oil composite cable paper, epoxy resin composite crepe paper or silicone oil composite polytetra- fluoroethylene tape.
6. The combined transformer as claimed in claim 1, wherein the second input end (384) of the output branch cir¬ cuit (38) is electrically connected to ground potential.
7. The combined transformer as claimed in claim 1, wherein the resistive division circuit (34) comprises a plu¬ rality of thick-film resistors, wherein the thick-film resis- tors, after being connected to each other in series, are con¬ nected in parallel to both ends of the capacitive screen, one end of the thick-film resistors connected in series is elec¬ trically connected to the primary conductor (40), and the other end thereof is electrically connected to the first in- put end (382) of the output branch circuit (38) .
8. The combined transformer as claimed in claim 3, wherein the resistive division circuit (34) comprises a re¬ sistance band, wherein the resistance band is formed by con- tinuously attaching resistive slurry to the interior surface of the insulator (30) by laser printing or spray coating, one end of the resistance band is electrically connected to the high voltage flange (31), and the other end thereof is elec¬ trically connected to the first input end (382) of the output branch circuit (38) .
9. The combined transformer as claimed in claim 1, wherein the current transformer (12) is a low power electronic current transformer comprising a magnetic core, a sec- ondary winding wound onto the magnetic core and a shunt re¬ sistor connected to the tail end of the secondary winding.
10. The combined transformer as claimed in claim 1, wherein there is an insulating medium (11) filling the space between the current transformer (12) and the shell (10), wherein the insulating medium (11) is one of sulfur
hexafluoride gas, insulation oil composite cable paper, epoxy resin composite crepe paper or silicone oil composite
polytetrafluoroethylene tape.
11. The combined transformer as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the base (20) is provided therein with an outlet box (22), wherein the outlet box (22) comprises :
an input module (24), a secondary first signal being ob¬ tained after the first signal is processed by the input mod- ule (24) in terms of voltage division, and a secondary second signal being obtained after the second signal is processed by the input module (24) in terms of voltage division;
a sampling module (26) electrically isolated from the input module (24), the sampling module (26) being able to sample the secondary first signal and the secondary second signal and convert these into a first digital signal reflect¬ ing the first signal and a second digital signal reflecting the second signal respectively;
a conversion module (25) , the conversion module (25) re- ceiving the first digital signal and the second digital sig¬ nal outputted by the sampling module (26) and integrating the two digital quantities into a message based on communication agreements or communication protocols;
an output module (28), the output module (28) receiving the message outputted by the conversion module (25) and out- putting the message to the outside via a network interface of an optical fiber or a cable; and
a power supply module (29), the power supply module (29) providing electric energy required for working to the input module (24), the sampling module (26), the conversion module (25) and the output module (28) .
12. The combined transformer as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the base (20) is provided therein with an outlet box (22), wherein the outlet box (22) comprises :
an input module (24), a secondary first signal being ob¬ tained after the first signal is processed by the input mod¬ ule (24) in terms of voltage division, and a secondary second signal being obtained after the second signal is processed by the input module (24) in terms of voltage division;
a sampling module (26) electrically isolated from the input module (24), the sampling module (26) being able to sample the secondary first signal and the secondary second signal and convert these into a first digital signal reflect¬ ing the first signal and a second digital signal reflecting the second signal respectively;
an output module (28), the output module (28) receiving the first digital signal and the second digital signal out- putted by the sampling module (26), and outputting the first digital signal and the second digital signal to the outside via a network interface of an optical fiber or a cable; and a power supply module (29), the power supply module (29) providing electric energy required for working to the input module (24), the sampling module (26) and the output module (28) .
13. The combined transformer as claimed in claim 11, wherein the outlet box (22) also comprises:
a synchronization module (27), the synchronization module (27) receiving a synchronization signal from outside of the combined transformer and controlling the sampling module (26) to synchronize according to the synchronization signal.
14. The combined transformer as claimed in claim 12, wherein the outlet box (22) also comprises :
a synchronization module (27), the synchronization mod- ule (27) receiving a synchronization signal from outside of the combined transformer and controlling the sampling module (26) to synchronize according to the synchronization signal.
EP12813352.7A 2011-12-31 2012-12-21 Combined transformer for power system Active EP2807664B1 (en)

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CN2011205714404U CN202373447U (en) 2011-12-31 2011-12-31 Combined transformer for power system
PCT/EP2012/076566 WO2013098226A1 (en) 2011-12-31 2012-12-21 Combined transformer for power system

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CN105022015B (en) * 2014-04-17 2019-03-26 中国能源建设集团有限公司湖南电力电瓷电器厂 Extra-high voltage current transformer TPY error test device
CN106611680B (en) * 2015-10-23 2019-08-23 北京瑞恒新源投资有限公司 Multifunctional capacitor molded cannula with vacuum interrupter
CN107731488B (en) * 2017-11-10 2024-02-23 江苏思源赫兹互感器有限公司 Multisection voltage transformer convenient to adjust error
WO2019160437A1 (en) * 2018-02-16 2019-08-22 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Научно-Производственный центр "Профотек" Combined current and voltage transformer
CN114609573A (en) * 2022-03-25 2022-06-10 山东泰开检测有限公司 Inflatable armoured combined mutual inductor calibrating device

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DE19508582A1 (en) * 1995-03-13 1996-09-26 Duromer Kunststoffverarbeitung Voltage converter
WO1999015906A1 (en) * 1997-09-23 1999-04-01 Trench Switzerland Ag Combined current/voltage transformer for low level signals
DE19832707C2 (en) * 1998-07-14 2001-05-10 Siemens Ag Combined current and voltage converter for outdoor switchgear
DE19841164A1 (en) * 1998-09-09 2000-03-16 Abb Research Ltd Voltage divider for measuring high direct current voltages in areas subject to high frequency interference; has tuning capacitor to balance capacitive divider voltages with those of resistive divider
EP1624312B1 (en) * 2004-08-06 2008-03-26 Passoni & Villa Fabbrica Isolatori e Condensatori S.p.A. Electronic measurement transformer for combined current and voltage measurements.
ES2380265T3 (en) * 2008-06-19 2012-05-10 Abb Technology Ag Combined electrical measuring device

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