EP2807020B1 - Dispositif de collage pour machine de formation de boîtes et procédé de collage associé - Google Patents
Dispositif de collage pour machine de formation de boîtes et procédé de collage associé Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2807020B1 EP2807020B1 EP12820929.3A EP12820929A EP2807020B1 EP 2807020 B1 EP2807020 B1 EP 2807020B1 EP 12820929 A EP12820929 A EP 12820929A EP 2807020 B1 EP2807020 B1 EP 2807020B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- blank
- segments
- feed
- guides
- box
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Links
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 title claims description 60
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 21
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 claims description 58
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000011111 cardboard Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011087 paperboard Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 12
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000012943 hotmelt Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012994 industrial processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009966 trimming Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B31—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
- B31B—MAKING CONTAINERS OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
- B31B50/00—Making rigid or semi-rigid containers, e.g. boxes or cartons
- B31B50/60—Uniting opposed surfaces or edges; Taping
- B31B50/62—Uniting opposed surfaces or edges; Taping by adhesives
- B31B50/624—Applying glue on blanks
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B31—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
- B31B—MAKING CONTAINERS OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
- B31B50/00—Making rigid or semi-rigid containers, e.g. boxes or cartons
- B31B50/02—Feeding or positioning sheets, blanks or webs
- B31B50/022—Holders for feeding or positioning blanks or webs
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B31—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
- B31B—MAKING CONTAINERS OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
- B31B50/00—Making rigid or semi-rigid containers, e.g. boxes or cartons
- B31B50/02—Feeding or positioning sheets, blanks or webs
- B31B50/04—Feeding sheets or blanks
- B31B50/042—Feeding sheets or blanks using rolls, belts or chains
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B31—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
- B31B—MAKING CONTAINERS OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
- B31B50/00—Making rigid or semi-rigid containers, e.g. boxes or cartons
- B31B50/02—Feeding or positioning sheets, blanks or webs
- B31B50/04—Feeding sheets or blanks
- B31B50/044—Feeding sheets or blanks involving aligning
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
- B65H9/00—Registering, e.g. orientating, articles; Devices therefor
- B65H9/10—Pusher and like movable registers; Pusher or gripper devices which move articles into registered position
- B65H9/101—Pusher and like movable registers; Pusher or gripper devices which move articles into registered position acting on the edge of the article
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
- B65H2701/00—Handled material; Storage means
- B65H2701/10—Handled articles or webs
- B65H2701/17—Nature of material
- B65H2701/176—Cardboard
- B65H2701/1764—Cut-out, single-layer, e.g. flat blanks for boxes
Definitions
- This invention relates to a gluing device for a box forming machine and to a related gluing method.
- the invention relates to the technical field of industrial processing of sheets of paper or cardboard for forming finely finished, quality boxes.
- These boxes are made from specially shaped sheets, called blanks, consisting of a base and a plurality of segments (or panels) connected to the base and foldable relative to it to make up a sidewall of the box.
- the number of segments of the blank is equal to the number of sides of the base and each segment is connected to a respective side of the base.
- This type of blank may be generally referred to as “petalled”, like a flower.
- Blanks of other shapes are also used, however.
- the number of segments may be equal to (or greater than) the number of sides of the base, but the number of segments connected directly to the base may be less than the number of sides of the base since some of the segments may be connected to other segments.
- the blank is referred to as "H-shaped” or “T-shaped” or “cross-shaped”, depending on the configuration adopted by the blank when it is laid out flat.
- the segments are greater in number than the sides of the base, some of the segments are associated with other segments and are foldable sideways to cover the same face of the sidewall of the box, each enclosing a respective vertical edge of that face.
- the industrial process starting with the blank and ending with the finished box comprises two distinct steps: a step of forming the box, followed by a step of covering the box by applying a covering sheet to it.
- This invention relates specifically to the step of forming the box.
- the forming step in turn comprises two successive steps: a first step of folding, followed by a step of sealing or closing.
- the segments of the blank (which is laid out flat to start with) are folded about the perimeter of the base to form the sidewall of the box.
- the sidewall of the box defines as many lateral edges as there are corners of the base.
- At least two are defined by a pair of adjacent lateral borders belonging to consecutive folded segments.
- box forming machines usually comprise a vertically movable die which is operatively coupled to an inner surface of the base (or of the sidewall of the box) to fold the segments of the blank by causing them to interact with fixed contact members.
- a step of sealing follows by which the open lateral edges of the box sidewall are joined (that is, closed).
- sealing occurs by applying sealing strips (called “stay tapes”) to the open lateral edges in order to close them.
- box forming machines usually comprise sealing heads having respective sealing tape dispensers and applicator elements ("pressers") designed to apply strips of sealing tape to corresponding open lateral edges of the box.
- the sealing heads can move towards and away from the box between a non-interference position where they are clear of the box and a sealing position where they operate on the corresponding open lateral edges to press the tapes against respective lateral edges of the box, thereby sealing them.
- the function of the die is that of defining a constraining element operatively inserted snugly into the space inside the box during the action of the pressers, thereby preventing the pressers from deforming the sidewall of the box.
- hot-melt glue is distributed along the vertical edges of the sidewall of the box, in the interstices formed by the borders of the pairs of segments placed side by side. In practice, this forms a bead of glue which joins the end borders of the joined segments to form the corresponding edges of the sidewall.
- the pressers are then moved forward to abut against the edges, with the further important function of cooling the glue.
- the solution which involves spreading hot-melt glue along the gap formed by the borders of the folded segments to form the edges of the sidewall of the box avoids the use of the stay tapes, thereby improving the aesthetic appearance of the box, but is inconvenient because it is particularly complicated (and hence relatively unreliable).
- the complication is due, for example, to the need to cool the glue and the difficulty of spreading the glue precisely in the interstices.
- the free sides of some lateral segments are bevelled to define oblique faces contained in the thickness of the blank.
- the glue is spread on all the oblique faces defined by the bevels (and thus along all the sides of the base and along the sides of the segments) when the blank is laid out flat horizontally (and thus, before the segments are folded to form the vertical edges of the box).
- a supporting structure configured to enable the blank to move in a feed plane along a longitudinal feed direction to convey it to a gluing station.
- the glue is applied by glue heads which are movable along predetermined directions parallel to the feed plane in such a way as to spread the glue on the oblique faces.
- This method has a twofold advantage: on the one hand it allows production of boxes whose sharp edges have none of the aesthetic flaws due to the stay tapes, and on the other, it avoids the complications associated with spreading hot melt glue along interstices of vertical edges.
- the gluing system of the special V-grooved blank described in patent document US6029884 has some limitations which make it unsuitable for use in an automatic box forming machine.
- a blank gluing system in order for it to be used in an automatic forming machine, must meet not only the need for glue spreading precision but also that for high speed (so as to guarantee a high output per hour).
- US2007/199648A discloses a method for producing blanks from cardboards.
- This invention has for an aim to provide a blank gluing device for an automatic box forming machine which overcomes the above mentioned disadvantages of the prior art.
- this invention to provide a blank gluing device for an automatic box forming machine which is particularly precise and suitable for use in an automatic box forming machine.
- Another aim of this invention is to provide a blank gluing device for an automatic box forming machine which is particularly rapid.
- a further aim of this invention is to provide a method for gluing flat blanks which is particularly precise and suitable for use in a box forming process implemented by automatic machinery.
- the gluing device is a gluing device for a box forming machine and is configured to apply liquid glue to a flat blank of paper or cardboard having a base and a plurality of segments connected to the base and foldable to form a box sidewall, where the free sides of the segments, designed to be joined to form the edges of the box sidewall, are bevelled to define oblique faces contained in the thickness of the segments.
- the gluing device comprises:
- the supporting structure comprises:
- This guide system combined with the positioning means and with the locking means, allows the blank to be positioned extremely precisely and held in place while the glue dispensing nozzles are working. This ensures the glue is applied correctly and makes the device particularly precise.
- said at least one liquid glue dispensing nozzle is inclined with respect to the feed plane, in such a way as to spread the glue perpendicularly to said one or more of the oblique faces.
- the guides are configured to support the end portions of blank segments and, in particular, the guides are spaced from each other to define an empty space between them.
- the predetermined direction of moving the at least one nozzle is perpendicular to the longitudinal blank feed direction defined by the supporting structure.
- the device preferably comprises a pair of nozzles which are spaced along the longitudinal direction.
- the pair of nozzles is positioned at a variable distance along the axis parallel to the longitudinal blank feed direction defined by the supporting structure. This makes changeover particularly easy.
- the positioning means are provided with adjusters which make changeover of the device particularly quick and easy, as described in more detail below.
- the locking means are important for the precision and reliability of the device.
- the locking means guarantee that while the glue is being spread the blank does not undergo deformation or bending (moving under the force of gravity outside the feed plane) which would prevent the glue from being correctly spread on the oblique faces of the edges (it should be noted that the V-shaped grooves formed on the blank weaken it and make it particularly susceptible to such deformation).
- the invention also provides a forming machine for making boxes of paper or cardboard from flat blanks and comprising the gluing device.
- the forming machine is particularly precise and fast and allows boxes to be made automatically from the special blanks (with V-shaped grooves).
- the forming machine also comprises a system for applying stay tapes to the edges of the sidewall of the box (this system being of a per se known type).
- the gluing device is enabled and the system for applying stay tapes is disabled.
- the blank is of a traditional type (without V-shaped grooves)
- the gluing device is disabled and the system for applying stay tapes is enabled.
- the invention also provides a gluing method for applying liquid glue to a flat blank of paper or cardboard having a base and a plurality of segments connected to the base and foldable to form a box sidewall, where the free sides of the segments, designed to be joined to form the edges of the box sidewall, are bevelled to define oblique faces contained in the thickness of the segments.
- the method comprises the following steps:
- the numeral 1 in the drawings denotes a box forming machine according to this invention.
- the forming machine 1 is a machine for forming boxes of paper or cardboard from flat blanks 2 (of paper or cardboard), having a base 3 and a plurality of segments 4 connected to the base 3 and foldable to form a box sidewall.
- the forming machine 1 is set up to use special blanks 2 having the features described below (illustrated in Figures 6 and 7 ).
- the free sides of the segments 4, which are intended to be joined to form the sidewall of the box, are bevelled to define oblique faces 5 contained in the thickness of the segments 4.
- this special blank (hereinafter referred to simply as "blank”, for short) is made from a sheet on whose top face V-shaped grooves are formed (for example by cutting) along straight trajectories comprising (defined by) the sides of the base 3.
- the sides of the base 3 and the sides of the segments 4 connected to corresponding sides of the base 3 are also bevelled to define oblique faces contained in the thickness of the base 3 and of the segments 4, respectively.
- these oblique faces 5, 6 are inclined at an angle of approximately 45 degrees to the plane defined by the blank 2. That way, when the segments 4 are folded relative to the base to form a right angle, the lateral oblique faces 5 of the segments 4 and the oblique faces 6 of the base 3 come into contact with each other.
- the forming machine 1 (illustrated schematically in Figure 1 ) comprises:
- the manipulating means comprise a die 8 shaped to snugly occupy the inside of the box and connected to a motor-driven shaft 9 which moves it along a predetermined vertical axis (according to a substantially known method).
- the forming machine 1 comprises stay tapes (not illustrated, but of a per se known type) coupled to the presser elements 7 to allow strips of the stay tapes to be applied to the vertical edges of the box sidewall in order to seal them (according to a method known in the trade, applicable to any type of blank and not only to the above described special blanks, that is, blanks with V-shaped grooves).
- the forming machine 1 comprises a gluing device 10 for applying glue (liquid glue, preferably of the hot-melt type) on the (special) blanks 2.
- the invention has for an object the gluing device 10 as well as the forming machine 1 which incorporates the device 10.
- the device is designed to be connected to a traditional forming machine 1 in order to modify it to make it particularly suitable for forming boxes from the (special) blanks 2.
- the gluing device 10 comprises:
- the supporting structure 11 is illustrated in detail in Figures 4 , 8 and 9 .
- the supporting structure 11 comprises a first and a second guide 14 positioned longitudinally in the feed plane of the blank 2 to define the longitudinal direction of movement of the blanks 2.
- Each guide 14 is shaped in such a way as to prevent transversal movements of the blank 2 (that is, movements perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of movement and contained in the feed plane).
- each guide 14 is shaped to slidably support a portion of the blank 2. More specifically, the guide 14 is shaped in such a way as to slidably support a lateral end portion of one of the segments 4 of the blank 2.
- each guide 14 has an L-shaped or C-shaped profile, the guides 14 being opposed to one another.
- each guide 14 comprises a ledge 15, which lies in the feed plane, for slidably supporting the lateral portions of the blank 2.
- the feed plane (that is, the plane in which the blank 2 lies) is defined by the large surfaces of the ledges 15 on which the blank 2 itself rests.
- each guide 14 comprises a wall 16 perpendicular to the ledge 15 (and to the feed plane).
- the walls 16 of the guides 14 laterally delimit a slideway for the blank 2, preventing transversal movements of the latter.
- the first and second guides 14 are spaced from each other to define an empty space between them.
- the supporting structure 11 also comprises brackets (not illustrated) for connecting the guides 14 to a frame of the machine 1.
- the guides 14 and, more generally speaking, the supporting structure 11
- the forming machine 1 (that is, the gluing device 10) also comprises a pushing element (not illustrated, of per se known type, consisting for example of a finger connected to an actuator) movable longitudinally between the guides 14 to move the blank forward along the guides 14 towards the gluing station.
- a pushing element not illustrated, of per se known type, consisting for example of a finger connected to an actuator
- the supporting structure 11 together with the pushing element, constitutes a conveyor adapted to feed the blanks 2 to the gluing station.
- the supporting structure 11 comprises positioning means 17 operating on the blank 2 to move it to a predetermined longitudinal position in the gluing station.
- the predetermined longitudinal position is, more specifically, a position of alignment with a predetermined reference axis perpendicular to the feed plane and consisting preferably of the axis (vertical) along which the die 8 moves.
- the positioning means 17 comprise at least a first pusher 18 configured to interact with a corresponding border of one of the segments 4 of the blank resting on the (ledges 15 of the) guides 14, the blank being positioned transversely, in order to impart a controlled movement to the blank 2 along the longitudinal direction.
- the positioning means 17 comprise at least one second pusher 19 positioned at a predetermined distance from the first pusher 18 along the longitudinal direction, the first pusher 18 and the second pusher 19 operating on corresponding borders of segments 4 of the blank 2 (resting on the ledges 15 of the guides 14) from longitudinally opposite sides, that is, in such a way that the first pusher 18 and the second pusher 19 are positioned downstream and upstream of the blank 2 positioned in the gluing station, relative to the advancing direction of the blank along the longitudinal direction.
- the blank 2 positioned in the gluing station is longitudinally interposed between the first pusher 18 and the second pusher 19.
- the positioning means 17 of the supporting structure 11 comprise a pair of first pushers 18 and a pair of second pushers 19.
- the positioning means 17 comprise a total of four pushers operating on both the segments 4 (transversely opposed and resting on the ledges 15 of the guides 14), on the opposite transversal sides of the selfsame segments 4.
- the first pushers 18 are preferably associated with the guides 14.
- the second pushers 19, too, are preferably associated with the guides 14.
- the pushers 18 and 19 are configured to interact with corresponding transversely positioned borders of the blank segments 4 resting on (the ledges 15 of the) guide 14.
- the pushers 18 and 19 are movable longitudinally between an extended position where they abut against the borders of the blank 2 when the blank 2 is at the predetermined longitudinal position and a withdrawn position where they are away from the blank 2.
- the pushers 18 and 19 are shown in the extended position in Figure 8 and in the withdrawn position in Figure 9 .
- the ends of the first pushers 18, that is the pushers 18 positioned downstream define flat portions 20 positioned perpendicularly to the feed plane (to provide a better grip on the borders of the segments 4).
- the second pushers 19, that is, the pushers 19 located upstream (of the blank 2 positioned in the gluing station), have teeth 21 (pivotally connected to the end of a stem, that is, of a piston, of a corresponding second pusher 19) which are movable between a first operating position where they are spaced from the feed plane of the blank 2 so as not to interfere with blank feed, and a second operating position where they intersect the feed plane so as to define an abutment for the transversal border of the blank 2.
- the teeth 21 of the second pushers 19 oscillate about respective transversal axes.
- the teeth 21 of the second pushers 19 oscillate freely. That way, the blank 2 itself, as it advances along the longitudinal direction towards the gluing station, moves the teeth 21 to the first operating position. Then, once the blank 2 has passed them, the teeth 21 return to the second operating position by gravity (the second operating position being a position of equilibrium into which the teeth 21 tend to move when no external forces are applied to them).
- the second pushers 19 are also equipped with stops 22.
- the teeth 21 abut against the stops 22 when they are at the second operating position.
- the stops 22 are configured to prevent the teeth 21 from rotating in response to a pushing action (for example from the blank 2) backwards away from the gluing station along the longitudinal direction.
- any other suitable system may be used to allow the teeth 21 to move from the second operating position to the first only when the blank 2 passes as it advances towards the gluing station, preventing this movement in response to a force tending to move the blank backwards in the opposite direction.
- the pushers 18 and 19 are connected to the guides 14.
- the pushers 18 and 19 are slidably coupled to the guides 14 (for example, they are mounted on sliders 23 that run on rails 24 defined by the guides 14).
- the positioning means 17 preferably also comprise locking/unlocking means (for example brakes which can be operated by levers 25).
- This adjustment system has two functions.
- a first function is that of aligning the positioning means 17 relative to a vertical axis (that is, perpendicular to the feed plane which the guides 14 lie in) of the forming machine 1, for example, relative to the vertical axis of movement of the die 8.
- a second function is that of adjusting the distance (along the longitudinal direction) between the first pushers 18 and the second pushers 19, in order to adapt the positioning means 17 to different box sizes.
- the pushers 18 and 19 are pneumatic.
- the pushers 18 and 19 have a predetermined stroke (length of movement of the stem, or piston, relative to the cylinder).
- the predetermined stroke (fixed) is determined during a preliminary step of calibrating the gluing device 10 (described in detail below).
- the supporting structure 11 comprises locking means 26 operating on the blank 2 for holding the blank in place so it is in the same plane as the feed plane while it is in the predetermined longitudinal position (determined by the positioning means 17).
- the locking means 26 are preferably associated with the guides 14.
- the locking means 26 define jaws 27 which are movable between an open position of non-interference with the blank 2, and a closed position, where they operate on the blank segments 4 resting on the guides 14 in order to keep them in the feed plane.
- the jaws of the locking means 26 are configured to interact with the ledges 15 so as to press the lateral end portions (of the segments 4) of the blank 2 (these end portions being operatively interposed between the jaws 27 and the ledges).
- the jaws 27 are connected to corresponding actuators 28.
- the actuators 28 (for example, pneumatic) are preferably associated with the guides 14.
- the actuators 28 for example, pneumatic
- the guides 14 are preferably associated with the guides 14.
- the gluing nozzles 13 and the supporting and movement system 12 for the nozzles 13 attention is drawn to the following (with reference in particular to Figures 2 , 3 and 5 ).
- the locking means 26 are defined by a plate positioned in a zone under the blank 2 and movable vertically, acting in conjunction with the die 8 or other contact member (smaller than the die 8) positioned in the zone above the blank 2 and movable vertically.
- the plate and the contact member can be moved towards each other in such a way as to hold in between them a central portion of the base 3 of the blank 2.
- the supporting system 12 for the nozzles 13 preferably comprises a bracket 29 having a first end which can be anchored to the frame of the forming machine 1 or to the supporting structure 11.
- the bracket 29 is positioned relative to the guides 14 in such a way that it rises up (substantially perpendicularly) from the feed plane.
- a rod 32 is movably connected in cantilever fashion to a second end 31 of the bracket 29.
- the rod 32 is connected to the bracket 29 movably so it can be translated in a predetermined direction parallel to the feed plane (that is, to the plane in which blank 2 lies).
- the supporting and movement system 12 for the nozzles 13 is positioned in such a way that the rod 32 is movable along a transversal direction, that is, a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of movement of the blank 2 along the guides 14.
- the supporting and movement system 12 for the nozzles 13 is positioned laterally of one of the two guides 14.
- the rod 32 is movable in both directions.
- the rod 32 is slidably coupled to a guide block 33 fixed to the bracket 29.
- the rod 32 is driven by an electric motor 34.
- the rod 32 defines a rack coupled to the electric motor 34 through the agency of a pinion.
- the nozzles 13 (the at least one nozzle 13) are connected to the free end of the rod 32.
- the nozzles (the at least one nozzle) 13 are inclined with respect to the feed plane (at angles of approximately 45 degrees); preferably, the nozzles are directed in such a way as to converge (in the glue emitting direction). Hence, the nozzle 13 is inclined with respect to the feed plane in such a way as to spread the glue perpendicularly (substantially) perpendicularly to the corresponding oblique face 5 (of the bevelled edge).
- the nozzles 13 dispense liquid, hot-melt glue of a per se known type.
- the nozzles 13 are adjustably mounted on the rod 32 so that their angle of inclination can be varied.
- the nozzles 13 are adjustably mounted on the rod 32 so that the distance between the nozzles 13 themselves can be varied.
- the nozzles 13 can be anchored along slots 36 defined by the bar 35 and extending longitudinally.
- nozzles 13 are mounted with a variable spacing along an axis parallel to the longitudinal direction of blank 2 feed allows the gluing device 10 to be adapted to blanks 2 of different sizes.
- the gluing device 10 works as follows.
- a blank 2 (of the type shown in Figures 6 and 7 ) is coupled to the guides 14 in such a way that lateral end portions of two segments 4 of it (on laterally opposite sides) rest on the (ledges 15 of the) guides 14.
- the blank 2 is fed forward towards a gluing station until it is interposed between the first pushers 18 and the second pushers 19. As it moves, the blank (or more specifically, the segments 4 resting on the guides 14) interacts with the teeth 21 of the second pushers 19, pushing them to a position of non-interference solely under the action of its own passing.
- the four pushers (the first pushers 18 and the second pushers 19) are moved towards the segments 4 of the blank 2 (the lateral segments 4 resting on the guides) until abutting (when the pushers themselves reach the end of their stroke) against the transversely positioned borders of these segments (this configuration is shown in Figure 8 ).
- the first pushers 18 and the second pushers 19 advance towards the blank 2 from opposite sides (longitudinally) of the blank 2 itself in order to close it in the middle.
- the locking means 26 (which up to this moment have been inactive in the position of non-interference with the blank 2) are activated in order to lock the blank at the predetermined longitudinal position reached when the pushers 8, 9 are in abutment against the blank 2.
- first pushers 18 and the second pushers 19 withdraw longitudinally away from the blank 2 and return to a position of non-interference therewith (this situation is illustrated in Figure 8 ).
- the nozzles 13 are moved along the trajectories defined by the oblique faces 5 of the segments 4 and are activated to apply glue at least on a number of oblique faces 5 equal to half the total number of oblique faces 5 of the segments 4, so that for each pair of oblique faces 5 (belonging to different segments 4 and) combining to form an edge of the box sidewall, at least one has glue applied to it.
- the nozzles 13 are moved transversely to apply glue to all of the oblique faces 5 which are transversely positioned, while no glue is applied to the oblique faces 5 which are positioned longitudinally.
- the nozzles 13 remain active so as to spread glue also on the oblique faces 6 of the base 3 which are positioned transversely (and which are interposed between the oblique faces 5 of the segments to which glue is also applied) while, preferably, no glue is applied to the oblique faces 6 of the base 3 which are positioned longitudinally.
- the supporting structure 11 is configured in such a way that the spacing of the guides 14 can be adjusted during initial setting up of the device 10.
- the device 10 is preferably configured in such a way that a blank whose base 3 is rectangular in shape is coupled to the guides 14 with the long sides of the base positioned longitudinally.
- the blank 2 (of the required size for the boxes to be made) is positioned in the gluing station between the first pushers 18 and the second pushers 19.
- the pushers 18 and 19 are extended (to the end of their stroke) and are moved along the guides 14 until the blank 2 is at the required longitudinal position, with the pushers 18 and 19 extended and in abutment against the lateral segments 4 of the blank 2 itself.
- the pushers 18 and 19 are fixed stably to the guides 14 in such a way that the fixed parts of the pushers (for example, in the case of cylinder and piston assemblies, the cylinders) remain in place during the operation of the device 10.
- This invention therefore also provides a gluing method for applying liquid glue to the blank 2.
- the method comprises the following steps:
- the at least one nozzle 13 (preferably, the pair of nozzles 13) is moved only transversely to the longitudinal direction of blank 2 feed, so that glue is applied only to a subset of the oblique faces 5 defined by the bevelled edges.
- the positioning of the blank 2 at the predetermined longitudinal position is accomplished by moving a first pusher 18 and a second pusher 19 longitudinally in opposite directions until the selfsame pushers 18 and 19 reach an extended position where they are in abutment against corresponding borders of the blank 2 segments 4 resting on the guides (the borders being) positioned transversely to the longitudinal direction of blank 2 feed.
- the pushers 18 and 19 are moved away from each other to a withdrawn position of non-interference with the blank 2.
- the invention also provides a method for modifying a forming machine 1 to make it suitable for making boxes from special blanks (of the type described above and illustrated in Figures 6 and 7 ).
- This method comprises providing a gluing device 10 (as described above) and installing it in a forming machine 1 (for example of the traditional type, equipped with stay tape applicators).
- the gluing device 10 is installed in the forming machine 1 in place of the existing blank feed guides.
- the existing guides may be modified to obtain the supporting structure 11 described above.
- the gluing device 10 is installed in the forming machine 1 at a position above a box outfeed station 37 and also above the folding elements (by which the segments 4 of the blank 2 are folded relative to the base 3). Indeed, it is essential for the glue to be applied to the blank 2 when the latter is still laid out flat, that is to say, before the segments 4 are folded.
Landscapes
- Making Paper Articles (AREA)
- Meat, Egg Or Seafood Products (AREA)
- Cartons (AREA)
- Package Closures (AREA)
Claims (14)
- Dispositif de collage (10) pour une machine de formation des boîtes (1) et configuré pour appliquer une colle liquide sur une ébauche plate (2) en papier ou en carton comportant une base (3) et une pluralité de segments (4) reliés à la base (3) et pouvant se plier pour former une cloison latérale de boîte, dans lequel les côtés libres des segments (4), conçus pour être reliés pour former les bords de la cloison latérale de boîte, sont biseautés pour définir des faces obliques (5) contenues dans l'épaisseur des segments (4), comprenant :- une structure de support (11) configurée pour permettre à l'ébauche (2) de se déplacer dans un plan d'acheminement le long d'une direction d'acheminement longitudinale pour la convoyer vers un poste de collage ;- au moins une buse de distribution de colle liquide (13) mobile le long d'une direction prédéfinie parallèle au plan d'acheminement de manière à étaler la colle sur une ou plusieurs faces obliques (5),caractérisé en ce que la structure de support (11) comprend :- un premier et un second guide (14) positionnés longitudinalement dans le plan d'acheminement et ayant une forme qui permette d'empêcher les déplacements transversaux de l'ébauche (2) et de supporter de façon coulissante des parties terminales latérales de segments (4) de l'ébauche (2) ;- des moyens de positionnement (17) opérant sur l'ébauche (2) pour la déplacer dans une position longitudinale prédéfinie dans le poste de collage ;- des moyens de blocage (26) opérant sur l'ébauche (2) afin de maintenir l'ébauche en place dans le même plan que celui d'acheminement lorsqu'elle se trouve dans la position longitudinale prédéfinie,dans laquelle ladite au moins une buse de distribution de colle liquide (13) est inclinée par rapport au plan d'acheminement de manière à étaler la colle perpendiculairement auxdites une ou plusieurs faces obliques (5).
- Dispositif selon la revendication 1, dans lequel les premier et second guides (14) sont espacés l'un de l'autre pour définir un espace vide entre eux et comprennent des rebords (15), en position d'appui dans le plan d'acheminement, pour supporter de façon coulissante les parties terminales latérales des segments (4) de l'ébauche (2), et des cloisons (16) perpendiculaires aux rebords (15) et configurées pour délimiter latéralement une glissière pour l'ébauche (2).
- Dispositif selon la revendication 1 ou 2, dans lequel les moyens de positionnement (17) comprennent au moins un premier et un second poussoir (18, 19) associés aux guides (14) pour interagir avec des bordures correspondantes placées transversalement des segments (4) de l'ébauche (2) en position d'appui sur les guides (14), les poussoirs (18, 19) étant mobiles longitudinalement entre une position développée où ils se mettent en butée contre les bordures de l'ébauche (2), lorsque l'ébauche (2) se trouve dans la position longitudinale prédéfinie, et une position rétractée où ils sont éloignés de l'ébauche (2).
- Dispositif selon la revendication 3, dans lequel le poussoir (19), positionné en amont par rapport à la direction d'acheminement de l'ébauche (2) le long des guides (14), est mobile entre une première position de fonctionnement où il est espacé du plan d'acheminement de l'ébauche (2), de manière à ne pas interférer avec l'acheminement de l'ébauche, et une seconde position de fonctionnement où il croise le plan d'acheminement de manière à définir une butée pour la bordure de l'ébauche (2).
- Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel les moyens de verrouillage (26) sont associés aux guides (14) et définissent des mâchoires (27) étant mobiles entre une position d'ouverture de non-interférence avec l'ébauche (2), et une position de fermeture, où ils opèrent sur les segments (4) de l'ébauche (2) en position d'appui sur les guides (14) afin de les maintenir dans le plan d'acheminement.
- Dispositif selon la revendication 5, dans lequel les premier et second guides (14) comprennent des rebords (15), en position d'appui dans le plan d'acheminement, pour supporter de façon coulissante les parties terminales latérales des segments (4) de l'ébauche (2), et dans lequel les mâchoires (27) des moyens de blocage (26) sont configurés pour interagir avec les rebords (15) de manière à presser les parties terminales latérales de l'ébauche (2) étant fonctionnellement interposées entre les mâchoires (27) et les rebords (15).
- Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel l'au moins une buse (13) est placée, par rapport à la structure de support (11), de manière à ce que la direction prédéfinie de mouvement de la buse (13) soit perpendiculaire à la direction longitudinale d'acheminement de l'ébauche (2) définie par les guides (14).
- Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, comprenant une paire de buses (13) montée avec un espacement variable le long d'un axe parallèle à la direction longitudinale d'acheminement de l'ébauche (2) définie par les guides (14).
- Machine (1) de formation des boîtes en papier ou en carton à partir d'ébauches plates (2) comportant une base (3) et une pluralité de segments (4) reliés à la base (3) et pliables pour former une cloison latérale de boîte, comprenant :- des éléments de pliage opérant sur les segments (4) de l'ébauche (2) de manière à les plier par rapport à la base (3) ;- des éléments presseurs (7) pouvant se rapprocher et s'éloigner de la boîte afin de se presser contre les bords verticaux de la cloison latérale de la boîte, les bords étant formés lorsque des côtés libres correspondants des segments latéraux pliés (4) sont joints les uns aux autres ;- des moyens de manipulation (8, 9) configurés pour interagir avec l'ébauche (2) et avec la boîte pour conférer des mouvements verticaux perpendiculaires à la direction de mouvement des éléments presseurs,caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend un dispositif de collage (10) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes.
- Machine de formation selon la revendication 9, comprenant des rubans d'arrêt agissant conjointement avec les éléments presseurs (7) pour permettre aux bandes des rubans d'arrêt d'être appliquées aux bords verticaux de la paroi latérale de la boîte afin de sceller les bords.
- Procédé de collage pour appliquer une colle liquide à une ébauche plate (2) de papier ou de carton comportant une base (3) et une pluralité de segments (4) reliés à la base (3) et pouvant se plier pour former une cloison latérale de boîte, dans lequel les côtés libres des segments (4), conçus pour être reliés pour former les bords de la cloison latérale de la boîte, sont biseautés pour définir des faces obliques (5) contenues dans l'épaisseur des segments (4), caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend les étapes suivantes :- acheminer une ébauche (2) à un poste de collage en faisant coulisser l'ébauche le long d'une direction longitudinale, avec des parties terminales latérales des segments (4) de l'ébauche (2) supportées de façon coulissante sur un premier et un second guide (14) étant positionnés longitudinalement dans le plan d'acheminement et étant espacés l'un de l'autre pour définir un espace vide entre eux ;- placer l'ébauche (2) dans une position longitudinale prédéfinie dans le poste de collage par un déplacement contrôlé de l'ébauche (2) le long de la direction longitudinale ;- bloquer l'ébauche (2) à la position longitudinale prédéfinie tout en la maintenant dans le même plan que le plan d'acheminement ;- déplacer au moins une buse de distribution de colle liquide (13) le long d'une direction prédéfinie parallèle au plan d'acheminement de manière à étaler la colle sur une ou plusieurs des faces obliques (5).
- Procédé selon la revendication 11, dans lequel l'au moins une buse (13) est uniquement déplacé transversalement à la direction longitudinale d'acheminement de l'ébauche (2) de manière à ce que la colle soit uniquement appliqué à un sous-ensemble de faces obliques (5) définies par les bords biseautés.
- Procédé selon la revendication 11 ou 12, dans lequel l'étape consistant à placer l'ébauche (2) à une position longitudinale prédéfinie est réalisée en déplaçant au moins un premier poussoir et un second poussoir (18, 19) longitudinalement dans des directions opposées jusqu'à atteindre une position développée où les poussoirs viennent se mettre en butée contre des bordures correspondantes des segments (4) de l'ébauche (2) en position d'appui sur les guides (14), la bordure étant positionnée transversalement à la direction longitudinale d'acheminement de l'ébauche (2), et dans lequel, avant l'étape consistant à déplacer l'au moins une buse de distribution de colle liquide (13) et après l'étape de blocage, les poussoirs (18, 19) sont éloignés réciproquement à une position rétractée de non-interférence avec l'au moins une buse (13).
- Procédé destiné à modifier une machine (1) de formation des boîtes en papier ou en carton, conçu pour former les boîtes à partir d'ébauches plates (2) comportant une base (3) et une pluralité de segments (4) reliés à la base (3) et pliables pour former une cloison latérale de boîte, la machine comportant :- des éléments de pliage opérant sur les segments (4) de l'ébauche de manière à les plier par rapport à la base (3) ;- des éléments presseurs (7) pouvant se rapprocher et s'éloigner de la boîte afin de se presser contre des bords verticaux de la cloison latérale de la boîte, les bords étant formés lorsque les côtés libres pliés correspondants des segments (4) sont joints les uns aux autres ;- des moyens de manipulation configurés pour interagir avec l'ébauche (2) et avec la boîte pour conférer des mouvements verticaux perpendiculaires à la direction de mouvement des éléments presseurs (7),caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend une étape consistant à installer dans la machine (1) un dispositif de collage (10) selon l'une quelconque des revendications de 1 à 8, dans une zone située au-dessus des éléments de pliage et des éléments presseurs (7).
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP17171930.5A EP3246154B1 (fr) | 2012-01-25 | 2012-12-18 | Dispositif de collage pour une machine de formation de boîte et une machine de formation de boîte |
PL17171930T PL3246154T3 (pl) | 2012-01-25 | 2012-12-18 | Urządzenie klejące do maszyny tworzącej pudła oraz maszyna tworząca pudła |
EP19159315.1A EP3513960A1 (fr) | 2012-01-25 | 2012-12-18 | Dispositif de collage pour machine de formation de boîtes et procédé de collage associé |
DE12820929.3T DE12820929T1 (de) | 2012-01-25 | 2012-12-18 | Klebevorrichtung für eine kastenformmaschine und zugehöriges klebeverfahren |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
IT000029A ITBO20120029A1 (it) | 2012-01-25 | 2012-01-25 | Dispositivo incollatore per una macchina formatrice di scatole e relativo metodo di incollaggio |
PCT/IB2012/057421 WO2013110986A1 (fr) | 2012-01-25 | 2012-12-18 | Dispositif de collage pour machine de formation de boîtes et procédé de collage associé |
Related Child Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP19159315.1A Division EP3513960A1 (fr) | 2012-01-25 | 2012-12-18 | Dispositif de collage pour machine de formation de boîtes et procédé de collage associé |
EP17171930.5A Division EP3246154B1 (fr) | 2012-01-25 | 2012-12-18 | Dispositif de collage pour une machine de formation de boîte et une machine de formation de boîte |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2807020A1 EP2807020A1 (fr) | 2014-12-03 |
EP2807020B1 true EP2807020B1 (fr) | 2017-05-24 |
Family
ID=45992622
Family Applications (3)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP19159315.1A Pending EP3513960A1 (fr) | 2012-01-25 | 2012-12-18 | Dispositif de collage pour machine de formation de boîtes et procédé de collage associé |
EP12820929.3A Active EP2807020B1 (fr) | 2012-01-25 | 2012-12-18 | Dispositif de collage pour machine de formation de boîtes et procédé de collage associé |
EP17171930.5A Active EP3246154B1 (fr) | 2012-01-25 | 2012-12-18 | Dispositif de collage pour une machine de formation de boîte et une machine de formation de boîte |
Family Applications Before (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP19159315.1A Pending EP3513960A1 (fr) | 2012-01-25 | 2012-12-18 | Dispositif de collage pour machine de formation de boîtes et procédé de collage associé |
Family Applications After (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP17171930.5A Active EP3246154B1 (fr) | 2012-01-25 | 2012-12-18 | Dispositif de collage pour une machine de formation de boîte et une machine de formation de boîte |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (3) | EP3513960A1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JP6175077B2 (fr) |
DE (1) | DE12820929T1 (fr) |
ES (1) | ES2725494T3 (fr) |
HU (1) | HUE043596T2 (fr) |
IT (1) | ITBO20120029A1 (fr) |
PL (1) | PL3246154T3 (fr) |
PT (1) | PT3246154T (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2013110986A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (18)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN105252817A (zh) * | 2015-11-13 | 2016-01-20 | 瑞安市中法机械有限公司 | 一种全自动纸盒成型机 |
CN105946281B (zh) * | 2016-04-26 | 2018-05-22 | 东莞市上合旺盈印刷有限公司 | 包装盒自动化组装线 |
CN105946282A (zh) * | 2016-05-20 | 2016-09-21 | 山东泰宝防伪制品有限公司 | 一种盒中盒一次成型糊盒机 |
DE102016006503A1 (de) | 2016-05-28 | 2017-11-30 | Kolbus Gmbh & Co. Kg | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Bearbeiten vorwiegend flächiger Werkstücke |
DE102016006504A1 (de) | 2016-05-28 | 2017-12-14 | Kolbus Gmbh & Co. Kg | Vorrichtung zum Auftragen von Klebstoff auf vorwiegend flächige Materialzuschnitte |
CN106696352B (zh) * | 2016-12-08 | 2018-11-20 | 青岛美嘉隆包装机械有限公司 | 一种装订尺寸准确的钢带箱双边锁扣装订机 |
CN107322986A (zh) * | 2017-08-25 | 2017-11-07 | 昆山永立包装有限公司 | 一种用于包装纸板的双层刷胶粘合装置 |
CN107458024A (zh) * | 2017-09-09 | 2017-12-12 | 芜湖润林包装材料有限公司 | 一种蜂窝板包装箱胶水涂抹机 |
CN107877927B (zh) * | 2017-11-06 | 2024-03-12 | 终结号(深圳)科技有限公司 | 一种包盒机的自动上料方法 |
CN108582870B (zh) * | 2018-02-14 | 2020-06-05 | 温州高晟机械有限公司 | 一种制盒机的制盒工艺 |
CN109719994B (zh) * | 2019-03-13 | 2023-12-26 | 浙江国豪机械有限公司 | 一种包装盒成型机 |
CN110001129A (zh) * | 2019-05-06 | 2019-07-12 | 东莞大瑞智能装备有限公司 | 一种折叠盒的喷胶装置 |
CN110271220A (zh) * | 2019-07-30 | 2019-09-24 | 淮北市硕华机械设备有限公司 | 一种包装纸箱成型打钉装置 |
CN110588064A (zh) * | 2019-09-30 | 2019-12-20 | 广东锐军智能设备有限公司 | 一种转盘式纸盒贴合机 |
CN112721308A (zh) * | 2020-12-30 | 2021-04-30 | 成都市裕同印刷有限公司 | 纸盒包边成型机 |
CN114772336B (zh) * | 2022-05-11 | 2023-07-18 | 江苏美嘉包装有限公司 | 一种天地盒机及封面机纸品粘合伺服纠偏*** |
DE102022118080A1 (de) * | 2022-07-19 | 2024-01-25 | Cewe Stiftung & Co. Kgaa | Schuber für ein Fotobuch |
CN117901484A (zh) * | 2024-03-20 | 2024-04-19 | 合肥众诚印刷有限公司 | 一种用于包装盒的涂胶装置及其包装盒 |
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US3218940A (en) * | 1963-09-26 | 1965-11-23 | Pearson Co R A | Carton setting up machine |
SE8008755L (sv) * | 1980-12-12 | 1982-06-13 | Akerlund & Rausing Ab | Smeltlim-applikator |
JPH0777772B2 (ja) * | 1990-05-28 | 1995-08-23 | 積水化成品工業株式会社 | 組立箱材の製造方法 |
JPH08142235A (ja) * | 1994-11-15 | 1996-06-04 | Iijima Toshimitsu | 紙製容器製造装置 |
JPH09314700A (ja) * | 1996-06-04 | 1997-12-09 | Norio Iijima | 紙製折箱製函機 |
FR2765191B1 (fr) * | 1997-06-26 | 1999-08-20 | Cermex | Procede et machine de collage automatique d'un film plastique thermoretractable sur le fond d'une caisse ouverte |
US6029884A (en) * | 1998-05-26 | 2000-02-29 | Paul T. Trend Corporation | Method for constructing a sturdy, light-tight package and a package thereof |
JP3848844B2 (ja) * | 2001-03-30 | 2006-11-22 | 元 永井 | 紙箱製造装置 |
DE10328891A1 (de) * | 2003-06-26 | 2005-01-20 | Hulverscheidt, Anna Madeleine | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Zuschnitten aus Pappe und Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens |
WO2005075185A1 (fr) * | 2004-02-06 | 2005-08-18 | Hajime Nagai | Systeme de fabrication de boites en papier |
WO2007129201A2 (fr) | 2006-05-08 | 2007-11-15 | Emmeci S.P.A. | Machine destinée à former des boîtes d'emballage, ébauches de boîtes et boîtes d'emballage |
EP2227383B1 (fr) | 2007-12-21 | 2017-08-16 | EMMECI S.p.A. | Procédé et machine pour former des boîtes |
FR2927015B1 (fr) * | 2008-02-04 | 2010-03-05 | Otor Sa | Procede et dispositif pour la realisation de boites a partir d'un ensemble de decoupes |
-
2012
- 2012-01-25 IT IT000029A patent/ITBO20120029A1/it unknown
- 2012-12-18 PL PL17171930T patent/PL3246154T3/pl unknown
- 2012-12-18 EP EP19159315.1A patent/EP3513960A1/fr active Pending
- 2012-12-18 EP EP12820929.3A patent/EP2807020B1/fr active Active
- 2012-12-18 PT PT17171930T patent/PT3246154T/pt unknown
- 2012-12-18 WO PCT/IB2012/057421 patent/WO2013110986A1/fr active Application Filing
- 2012-12-18 EP EP17171930.5A patent/EP3246154B1/fr active Active
- 2012-12-18 ES ES17171930T patent/ES2725494T3/es active Active
- 2012-12-18 DE DE12820929.3T patent/DE12820929T1/de active Pending
- 2012-12-18 HU HUE17171930A patent/HUE043596T2/hu unknown
- 2012-12-18 JP JP2014553819A patent/JP6175077B2/ja active Active
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP3246154A1 (fr) | 2017-11-22 |
PL3246154T3 (pl) | 2019-12-31 |
WO2013110986A1 (fr) | 2013-08-01 |
JP2015504797A (ja) | 2015-02-16 |
EP2807020A1 (fr) | 2014-12-03 |
JP6175077B2 (ja) | 2017-08-02 |
DE12820929T1 (de) | 2015-09-10 |
EP3246154B1 (fr) | 2019-04-17 |
HUE043596T2 (hu) | 2019-08-28 |
EP3513960A1 (fr) | 2019-07-24 |
ITBO20120029A1 (it) | 2013-07-26 |
ES2725494T3 (es) | 2019-09-24 |
PT3246154T (pt) | 2019-06-24 |
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