EP2799386B1 - Device and method for determination and monitoring a counterweight which is fitted to a crane - Google Patents

Device and method for determination and monitoring a counterweight which is fitted to a crane Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2799386B1
EP2799386B1 EP13166348.6A EP13166348A EP2799386B1 EP 2799386 B1 EP2799386 B1 EP 2799386B1 EP 13166348 A EP13166348 A EP 13166348A EP 2799386 B1 EP2799386 B1 EP 2799386B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
counterweight
crane
sensor
turntable
computational unit
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Application number
EP13166348.6A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2799386A1 (en
Inventor
Dieter Röben
Waldemar Mohr
Oliver TITSCH
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Manitowoc Crane Group France SAS
Original Assignee
Manitowoc Crane Group France SAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Manitowoc Crane Group France SAS filed Critical Manitowoc Crane Group France SAS
Priority to EP13166348.6A priority Critical patent/EP2799386B1/en
Priority to US14/261,568 priority patent/US9156663B2/en
Priority to JP2014091263A priority patent/JP5875624B2/en
Priority to CN201410181495.2A priority patent/CN104129710B/en
Priority to BR102014010691A priority patent/BR102014010691A2/en
Publication of EP2799386A1 publication Critical patent/EP2799386A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2799386B1 publication Critical patent/EP2799386B1/en
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C13/00—Other constructional features or details
    • B66C13/16—Applications of indicating, registering, or weighing devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C15/00—Safety gear
    • B66C15/06—Arrangements or use of warning devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
    • B66C23/62—Constructional features or details
    • B66C23/72—Counterweights or supports for balancing lifting couples
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
    • B66C23/62—Constructional features or details
    • B66C23/72—Counterweights or supports for balancing lifting couples
    • B66C23/74—Counterweights or supports for balancing lifting couples separate from jib

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an apparatus and a method for detecting and monitoring an armed counterweight on a crane.
  • a counterweight of the crane is optimally adapted to a maximum load capacity and / or unloading of the crane for a specific task. This results in a relatively frequent change in the necessary weight of the counterweight, for example, the inclusion of additional counterweight parts or the release of unnecessary counterweight parts, depending on the task of the crane. Avoiding too high counterweights, which are dragged along with a rotary movement of the crane, helps to save fuel and reduce pollutant emissions. In the frequent changes it can happen that the counterweights are not symmetrically connected to the crane, which can cause the crane tilts earlier, especially at limit loads than calculated by the user due to the counterweight.
  • the WO 2012/163190 A1 relates to a crane with a retrofittable counterweight whose setup weight can be detected by a sensor located on the counterbalance cylinder and displayed on a display in a cabin of the crane.
  • the EP 1 724 230 A2 relates to a crane that can be equipped with a counterweight. Each of the counterweights is provided with an identification label representing the weight of the respective counterweight. These weight data can be read out wirelessly with a scanner.
  • the DE 10 2006 046 469 A1 relates to a vehicle crane with loadable ballast weights.
  • Each of the ballast weights is provided with a machine-readable data carrier for storing a weight detection and has a transmitting device, with which the data of the ballast weights can be sent to a ballast.
  • the ballast is equipped to receive the data of the ballast weights and compare them with a predetermined ballast.
  • One aspect of the invention relates to a device for detecting and monitoring an armed counterweight of a crane.
  • the apparatus includes a turntable steel structure for equipping a counterweight with at least one counterweight cylinder. It also has a sensor which is arranged in the area of the rotary table steel construction. The device is monitored by a computer unit.
  • the counterweight is connectable to the turntable steel construction. It may be constructed of several separate counterweight parts, for example, a plurality of separate plates that may be individually connected to the turntable steel structure. Always connected to the rotary table steel construction counterweight parts together form a current weight load or a current counterweight on the turntable steel construction.
  • a weight load of the turntable steel construction is detected, for example, by the current counterweight and sent to a computer unit forwarded.
  • the sensor detects an elastic deformation of the rotary table steel construction due to the equipped counterweight.
  • the computer unit which may be a separate computer unit or preferably an electronic crane safety device (RCL), has a logic or an algorithm with which it can determine from the data of the sensor the current weight load of the rotary table steel construction.
  • the computer unit can access stored in the electronic crane safety device load charts of the crane, which contain, among other limits for a load of the crane equipped with different counterweights crane.
  • the tables include limits of loading by a load, a maximum length of a boom, a maximum telescoping length of a mast, etc., depending on a counterweight equipped.
  • the electronic crane safety device determines that the current counterweight on the turntable steel construction is sufficient, too large, or too small for current use of the crane.
  • the crane can be operated safely. For example, if the counterweight is determined to be too low, the crane may tilt forward in the direction of the boom, for example, and operation of the crane may be safely continued only if the counterweight is increased or the crane is returned to a safe operating range. If the counterweight is too large, the crane may tilt backwards if the counterweight is not reduced. With a counterweight that is permanently too high for the current crane operation, but not yet dangerous, the counterweight can be reduced in order to operate the crane energy-saving.
  • the at least one sensor can detect a deformation of the rotary table steel structure and the computer unit from the determined value of the deformation determine a total weight of the counterweight on the turntable steel structure.
  • the sensor may, for example, be an optical sensor which monitors, for example, an edge of the turntable steel structure and detects changes in the position of the edge to a predetermined reference line.
  • the sensor may be an elastically deformable sensor, for example a strain gauge attached to the turntable steel structure in a suitable area of the turntable steel structure and detecting at least one directional deformation of the turntable steel structure. Two or three such strain gauges can detect deformations of the rotary table steel construction in different directions and forward it to the computer unit.
  • a strain gauge attached to the turntable steel structure in a suitable area of the turntable steel structure and detecting at least one directional deformation of the turntable steel structure. Two or three such strain gauges can detect deformations of the rotary table steel construction in different directions and forward it to the computer unit.
  • unbalanced loading of the turntable steel structure may be detected if, for example, the crane is not in balance or the counterweights are not symmetrically mounted on the turntable steel structure.
  • the sensor may preferably be a press-fit sensor.
  • Press-fit sensors can be retrofitted into existing mechanical elements to detect a state of stress and thus the load on the element.
  • Press-fit sensors have been developed for applications where the deformation of existing components is measured by external forces. Their installation in existing components is simple. Instead of the press-fit sensor and a screw-in sensor can be used.
  • the sensor may be an elastic sensor, that is, a sensor which can be elastically deformed in its installation situation when a force is applied to it from the outside Part works, in which it is installed.
  • an elastic sensor that is, a sensor which can be elastically deformed in its installation situation when a force is applied to it from the outside Part works, in which it is installed.
  • the sensor may be a sensor with an amplifier, for example an integrated amplifier. That is, the signal measured by the sensor is amplified in the amplifier before passing to the computer unit, so that even with the smallest detected by the sensor deformations of the rotary table steel construction already a clearly perceptible signal is sent to the computer unit.
  • the sensor can be arranged in a region of a counterweight cylinder.
  • a cylinder As a counterweight cylinder, a cylinder is referred to, which is used for receiving the counterweight in cranes or mobile cranes, such as mobile cranes.
  • the counterbalance cylinder is connected to the turntable steel structure and has a piston that can be extended, for example, to grip and lift a counterweight.
  • gripping is also understood here that the piston of the counterweight cylinder extended with one end of a cylinder housing, moved into or through an opening in the counterweight in a gripping position and rotated in the gripping position, for example, by 90 ° or secured in any other way. Subsequently, the one end of the counterweight cylinder can be retracted again, so that the counterweight is brought into a position in which it can be pivoted together with the turntable steel construction.
  • the counterweight cylinder may be an integral part of a counterweight base plate that may be connected to other counterweight plates.
  • this counterbalance base plate with the counterweight cylinder can be stored on the undercarriage of the crane and locked to the turntable structural steel construction.
  • the counterweight cylinder may comprise the entire counterweight pact consisting of the counterweight base plate, the counterweight cylinder and optionally further counterweight plates upwardly in FIG Press the direction of the turntable steel structure into a locked position. After locking, the counterweight cylinder can retract again, pulling the entire counterweight package upwards, so that the counterweight base plate and optionally the other counterweight plates now hang freely on or under the turntable construction and can be pivoted together with it, respectively rotated.
  • the crane respectively the turntable steel construction or the counterweight base plate may comprise two counterweight cylinders.
  • each of the counterweight cylinder may be associated with a sensor, so that independently of each other elastic deformations of the rotary table steel construction respectively the sensors can be detected in the region of the two counterweight cylinder and passed to the computer unit.
  • the deformations detected by the sensors or the deformations of the two sensors can be compared with one another.
  • a limit value for a deviation between the two detected deformations can be predetermined in the computer unit, at the exceeding of which the arithmetic unit outputs an optical or audible warning signal to indicate to a crane operator that there is a problem with the counterweights.
  • the problem may be an asymmetrical reception of counterweights, or a malfunction of at least one of the counterweight cylinders, resulting, for example, in a non-synchronized reception of a counterweight by the two counterweight cylinders.
  • each counterweight cylinder own counterweights or counterweight parts receives and the number of recorded counterweights or counterweight parts per counterweight cylinder is not the same or the take-up speed of the cylinder is different.
  • the counterweight values detected by the sensors can be compared with a load capacity table for the crane stored in a memory of the computer unit or the electronic crane safety device.
  • the maximum load capacity values for the crane are stored in the table for each counterweight or total counterweight connected to the crane. The higher the counterweight, the larger the permissible load capacity of the crane normally becomes. That is, from the load table results in a permissible or maximum load of the crane at a given counterweight, for example, a permissible load and / or a permissible unloading of the crane. Intermediate values or boundary values can be interpolated or extrapolated.
  • These ascertained values for the current setup state of the crane can be output at an output unit, for example an optical output unit such as a screen or display, or via a printer so that the crane operator is informed about this.
  • Another aspect of the invention relates to a mobile crane comprising an undercarriage, an uppercarriage, a turntable steel structure connected to the uppercarriage, and a device for automatically detecting a counterweight connected to the turntable steel structure.
  • the turntable steel structure or counterweight base plate which can be locked to the turntable steel structure has at least one counterbalance cylinder with which a counterweight, respectively a counterweight plate, can be gripped, held and / or lifted.
  • a sensor can detect an elastic deformation of the turntable steel structure during or after the reception of the counterweights and forward a signal representing the elastic deformation to a computer unit.
  • the device may be the device described above with which it can be established that a counterweight is connected to the crane and with which a weight of the counterweight and an arrangement of the counterweights or a counterweight distribution on the rotary table steel construction can be detected.
  • Another aspect of the invention relates to a method of automatically detecting and controlling a crane implement weight to prevent the crane from tilting in a load direction and / or in a counterweight direction and / or asymmetrically setting up the crane.
  • a counterweight is connected to a turntable construction of the crane.
  • an elastic deformation of the rotary table steel construction is detected after connection to the counterweight by a sensor and forwarded in a third step to a computer unit.
  • the value detected by the sensor is calibrated in the computer unit with a load table for the crane stored in the computer unit or in an electronic crane safety device. That is, the computer unit searches in the payload table for the value of the counterbalance detected by the sensor and retrieves from the payload table the associated limit load values for the crane.
  • the limit load values may be a maximum payload, a maximum overshoot, or other limit load values for the crane in the detected current counterweight configuration.
  • the limit load values determined in this way can be output by the computer unit to an output device, for example on a screen, a display or a printer, as a printed table or limit curve.
  • the crane operator can put the crane into operation.
  • the computer unit can monitor the crane, in particular the observance of the determined limit values, during operation and warn the crane operator when the limit values are exceeded by acoustic, optical or tactile signals.
  • the steel construction or the counterweight base plate has two counterweight cylinders and two sensors, the values detected by the two sensors can be compared with one another in the computer unit.
  • the sensors are preferably spaced from each other on the turntable steel structure and have a same vertical and horizontal spacing from an upper edge of the counterweight facing the turntable steel structure.
  • the comparison detects a deviation between the recorded values, this may mean that the crane is not in balance or the counterweight is not equipped synchronously. If this asymmetric loading of the crane exceeds a predetermined limit, the computer unit, as already described, cause and output a warning signal.
  • a device for carrying out the method can be retrofitted into a crane, wherein the device can be, in particular, the device described above for detecting and monitoring a fitted counterweight on a crane.
  • FIG. 1 shows a superstructure B of a mobile crane with a turntable steel construction 1 with two counterweight cylinders 2 in a perspective view from above.
  • the turntable steel construction 1 has at its rear end two transverse to a longitudinal direction L of the turntable steel construction 1 projecting connecting straps 3, 4, which is encompassed by a fork-like extension 5 of the counterweight cylinder 2 and connected thereto by means of a bolt 6 with the counterweight cylinder 2.
  • FIG. 2 shows a section of the turntable steel construction 1 of FIG. 1 in an enlargement. Shown is the impression cylinder 3, which is connected to the turntable steel structure 1.
  • connection between the turntable steel structure 1 and the counterweight cylinder 2, consisting of the fork-like extension 5, the connecting plate 3 and the bolt 6, is shown in a section through the center of the bolt 6.
  • the fork-like extension 5 has on one of its sides a through hole, the connecting plate a hole.
  • a press-fit sensor 9 was pressed through the through hole in the bore.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Jib Cranes (AREA)
  • Control And Safety Of Cranes (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung und ein Verfahren zur Ermittlung und Überwachung eines gerüsteten Gegengewichts an einem Kran.The invention relates to an apparatus and a method for detecting and monitoring an armed counterweight on a crane.

Um einen Kran möglichst ökonomisch betreiben zu können, ist es vorteilhaft, wenn ein Gegengewicht des Krans optimal an eine maximale Tragkraft und/oder Ausladung des Krans für eine bestimmte Aufgabe angepasst ist. Dies resultiert in einem relativ häufigen Wechsel des notwendigen Gewichts des Gegengewichts, zum Beispiel der Aufnahme zusätzlicher Gegengewichtsteile oder der Abgabe von überflüssigen Gegengewichtsteilen, je nach Aufgabe des Krans. Die Vermeidung von zu hohen Gegengewichten, die bei einer Drehbewegung des Krans mitgeschleppt werden, hilft Kraftstoff zu sparen und den Schadstoffausstoß zu reduzieren. Bei den häufigen Wechseln kann es dazu kommen, dass die Gegengewichte nicht symmetrisch mit dem Kran verbunden werden, was dazu führen kann, dass der Kran insbesondere bei Grenzbelastungen früher kippt als aufgrund des Gegengewichts vom Nutzer berechnet.In order to operate a crane as economically as possible, it is advantageous if a counterweight of the crane is optimally adapted to a maximum load capacity and / or unloading of the crane for a specific task. This results in a relatively frequent change in the necessary weight of the counterweight, for example, the inclusion of additional counterweight parts or the release of unnecessary counterweight parts, depending on the task of the crane. Avoiding too high counterweights, which are dragged along with a rotary movement of the crane, helps to save fuel and reduce pollutant emissions. In the frequent changes it can happen that the counterweights are not symmetrically connected to the crane, which can cause the crane tilts earlier, especially at limit loads than calculated by the user due to the counterweight.

Die WO 2012/163190 A1 betrifft Kran mit einem rüstbaren Gegengewicht, dessen Rüstgewicht mit einem Sensor, der an dem Gegengewichtszylinder angeordnet ist, erfasst und an einem Display in einer Kabine des Krans ausgegeben werden kann. Die EP 1 724 230 A2 betrifft einen Kran, der mit einem Gegengewicht gerüstet werden kann. Jedes der Gegengewichte ist mit einem Identifikationslabel versehen, die das Gewicht des jeweiligen Gegengewichts wiedergeben. Diese Gewichtsdaten können mit einem Scanner drahtlos ausgelesen werden.The WO 2012/163190 A1 relates to a crane with a retrofittable counterweight whose setup weight can be detected by a sensor located on the counterbalance cylinder and displayed on a display in a cabin of the crane. The EP 1 724 230 A2 relates to a crane that can be equipped with a counterweight. Each of the counterweights is provided with an identification label representing the weight of the respective counterweight. These weight data can be read out wirelessly with a scanner.

Die DE 10 2006 046 469 A1 betrifft einen Fahrzeugkran mit rüstbaren Ballastgewichten. Jedes der Ballastgewichte ist mit einem maschinenlesbaren Datenträger zum Abspeichern einer Gewichtserkennung versehen und weist eine Sendeeinrichtung auf, mit der die Daten der Ballastgewichte an eine Ballastiereinrichtung gesendet werden können. Die Ballastiereinrichtung ist ausgerüstet, die Daten der Ballastgewichte zu empfangen und mit einer vorgegebenen Ballastierung zu vergleichen.The DE 10 2006 046 469 A1 relates to a vehicle crane with loadable ballast weights. Each of the ballast weights is provided with a machine-readable data carrier for storing a weight detection and has a transmitting device, with which the data of the ballast weights can be sent to a ballast. The ballast is equipped to receive the data of the ballast weights and compare them with a predetermined ballast.

Es besteht daher Bedarf an einer Vorrichtung und/oder einem Verfahren, mit der/dem eine zulässige Traglast und Ausladung für einen Kran für unterschiedliche Rüstzustände in optimierter Weise ermittelt wird.There is therefore a need for a device and / or a method with which an allowable load and unloading for a crane for different setup states is determined in an optimized manner.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch die Vorrichtung des Anspruchs 1 und das Verfahren des Anspruchs 13 gelöst.This object is achieved by the apparatus of claim 1 and the method of claim 13.

Ein Aspekt der Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zum Feststellen und Überwachen eines gerüsteten Gegengewichts einen Krans.One aspect of the invention relates to a device for detecting and monitoring an armed counterweight of a crane.

Die Vorrichtung weist eine Drehtischstahlbaukonstruktion zum Rüsten eines Gegengewichts mit wenigstens einem Gegengewichtszylinder auf. Sie verfügt weiterhin über einen Sensor, der im Bereich der Drehtischstahlbaukonstruktion angeordnet ist. Überwacht wird die Vorrichtung durch eine Rechnereinheit.The apparatus includes a turntable steel structure for equipping a counterweight with at least one counterweight cylinder. It also has a sensor which is arranged in the area of the rotary table steel construction. The device is monitored by a computer unit.

Das Gegengewicht ist mit der Drehtischstahlbaukonstruktion verbindbar. Es kann aus mehreren separaten Gegengewichtsteilen aufgebaut sein, zum Beispiel aus mehreren separaten Platten, die einzeln mit der Drehtischstahlbaukonstruktion verbunden werden können. Immer die gerade mit der Drehtischstahlbaukonstruktion verbundenen Gegengewichtsteile bilden zusammen eine aktuelle Gewichtsbelastung oder ein aktuelles Gegengewicht an der Drehtischstahlbaukonstruktion.The counterweight is connectable to the turntable steel construction. It may be constructed of several separate counterweight parts, for example, a plurality of separate plates that may be individually connected to the turntable steel structure. Always connected to the rotary table steel construction counterweight parts together form a current weight load or a current counterweight on the turntable steel construction.

Mit dem Sensor wird eine Gewichtsbelastung der Drehtischstahlbaukonstruktion zum Beispiel durch das aktuelle Gegengewicht erfasst und an eine Rechnereinheit weitergeleitet. Dabei erfasst der Sensor eine elastische Verformung der Drehtischstahlbaukonstruktion aufgrund des gerüsteten Gegengewichts.With the sensor, a weight load of the turntable steel construction is detected, for example, by the current counterweight and sent to a computer unit forwarded. The sensor detects an elastic deformation of the rotary table steel construction due to the equipped counterweight.

Die Rechnereinheit, bei der es sich um eine separate Rechnereinheit oder bevorzugt um eine elektronische Kransicherheitseinrichtung (RCL) handeln kann, weist eine Logik oder einen Algorithmus auf, mit der/dem sie aus den Daten des Sensors die aktuelle Gewichtsbelastung der Drehtischstahlbaukonstruktion ermitteln kann. Die Rechnereinheit kann auf in der elektronischen Kransicherheitseinrichtung gespeicherte Traglasttabellen des Krans zugreifen, die unter anderem Grenzwerte für eine Belastung des mit unterschiedlichen Gegengewichten gerüsteten Krans enthalten. Die Tabellen umfassen Grenzwerte der Belastung durch eine Last, eine maximale Länge eines Auslegers, eine maximale austeleskopierbare Länge eines Mastes, etc. in Abhängigkeit von einem gerüsteten Gegengewicht.The computer unit, which may be a separate computer unit or preferably an electronic crane safety device (RCL), has a logic or an algorithm with which it can determine from the data of the sensor the current weight load of the rotary table steel construction. The computer unit can access stored in the electronic crane safety device load charts of the crane, which contain, among other limits for a load of the crane equipped with different counterweights crane. The tables include limits of loading by a load, a maximum length of a boom, a maximum telescoping length of a mast, etc., depending on a counterweight equipped.

Aufgrund der ausgewählten Tabelle kann zum Beispiel von der elektronischen Kransicherheitseinrichtung festgestellt werden, dass das aktuelle Gegengewicht an der Drehtischstahlkonstruktion für einen aktuellen Einsatz des Krans ausreichend ist, zu groß ist oder zu klein ist.For example, based on the selected table, it can be determined by the electronic crane safety device that the current counterweight on the turntable steel construction is sufficient, too large, or too small for current use of the crane.

Bei einem ermittelten ausreichenden Gegengewicht, kann der Kran gefahrlos betrieben werden. Bei einem ermittelten zu geringen Gegengewicht kann der Kran zum Beispiel in Richtung des Auslegers, das heißt, nach vorne kippen und ein Betrieb des Kranes kann gefahrlos nur fortgesetzt werden, wenn das Gegengewicht erhöht oder der Kran in einen sicheren Betriebsbereich zurückgeführt wird. Bei einem zu großen ermittelten Gegengewicht kann der Kran nach hinten kippen, wenn das Gegengewicht nicht reduziert wird. Bei einem Gegengewicht, das dauerhaft für den aktuellen Kranbetrieb zu hoch ist, aber noch nicht gefährlich, kann das Gegengewicht reduziert werden, um den Kran energiesparend betreiben zu können.With a determined sufficient counterweight, the crane can be operated safely. For example, if the counterweight is determined to be too low, the crane may tilt forward in the direction of the boom, for example, and operation of the crane may be safely continued only if the counterweight is increased or the crane is returned to a safe operating range. If the counterweight is too large, the crane may tilt backwards if the counterweight is not reduced. With a counterweight that is permanently too high for the current crane operation, but not yet dangerous, the counterweight can be reduced in order to operate the crane energy-saving.

Für die Ermittlung des aktuellen Gegengewichts an der Drehtischstahlbaukonstruktion kann der wenigstens eine Sensor eine Verformung der Drehtischstahlbaukonstruktion erfassen und die Rechnereinheit aus dem erfassten Wert der Verformung ein Gesamtgewicht des Gegengewichts an der Drehtischstahlbaukonstruktion bestimmen.For the determination of the current counterweight on the rotary table steel construction, the at least one sensor can detect a deformation of the rotary table steel structure and the computer unit from the determined value of the deformation determine a total weight of the counterweight on the turntable steel structure.

Der Sensor kann beispielsweise ein optischer Sensor sein, der zum Beispiel eine Kante der Drehtischstahlbaukonstruktion überwacht und Veränderungen der Lage der Kante zu einer vorgegebenen Referenzlinie erfasst.The sensor may, for example, be an optical sensor which monitors, for example, an edge of the turntable steel structure and detects changes in the position of the edge to a predetermined reference line.

Der Sensor kann ein elastisch verformbarer Sensor sein, zum Beispiel ein Dehnmessstreifen, der in einem geeigneten Bereich der Drehtischstahlbaukonstruktion an der Drehtischstahlbaukonstruktion befestigt ist und zumindest eine Verformung der Drehtischstahlkonstruktion in einer Richtung erfasst. Zwei oder drei derartige Dehnmessstreifen können Verformungen der Drehtischstahlbaukonstruktion in unterschiedliche Richtung erfassen und an die Rechnereinheit weiterleiten.The sensor may be an elastically deformable sensor, for example a strain gauge attached to the turntable steel structure in a suitable area of the turntable steel structure and detecting at least one directional deformation of the turntable steel structure. Two or three such strain gauges can detect deformations of the rotary table steel construction in different directions and forward it to the computer unit.

So kann zum Beispiel eine unsymmetrische Belastung der Drehtischstahlbaukonstruktion erfasst werden, wenn der Kran zum Beispiel nicht in der Waage steht oder die Gegengewichte nicht symmetrisch auf der Drehtischstahlbaukonstruktion angebracht sind.For example, unbalanced loading of the turntable steel structure may be detected if, for example, the crane is not in balance or the counterweights are not symmetrically mounted on the turntable steel structure.

Bei dem Sensor kann es sich bevorzugt um einen Einpress-Sensor handeln. Einpress-Sensoren können nachträglich in vorhandene maschinenbauliche Elemente eingebaut werden, um einen Spannungszustand und damit die Belastung des Elementes zu erfassen.The sensor may preferably be a press-fit sensor. Press-fit sensors can be retrofitted into existing mechanical elements to detect a state of stress and thus the load on the element.

Einpress-Sensoren wurden für Anwendungen entwickelt, bei den Verformungen bestehender Komponenten durch externe Kräfte gemessen werden sollen. Ihr Einbau in bestehende Komponenten ist einfach. Statt des Einpress-Sensors kann auch ein Einschraub-Sensor verwendet werden.Press-fit sensors have been developed for applications where the deformation of existing components is measured by external forces. Their installation in existing components is simple. Instead of the press-fit sensor and a screw-in sensor can be used.

Der Sensor kann ein elastischer Sensor sein, dass heißt, ein Sensor, der in seiner Einbausituation elastisch verformt werden kann, wenn eine Kraft von außen auf das Teil wirkt, in das er eingebaut ist. Dadurch wird eine besonders zuverlässige Erfassung der Verformung des Bauteils erreicht, da eine elastische Verformung des Bauteils direkt zu einer elastischen Verformung des Sensors führt.The sensor may be an elastic sensor, that is, a sensor which can be elastically deformed in its installation situation when a force is applied to it from the outside Part works, in which it is installed. As a result, a particularly reliable detection of the deformation of the component is achieved, since an elastic deformation of the component leads directly to an elastic deformation of the sensor.

Der Sensor kann ein Sensor mit einem Verstärker, zum Beispiel einem integrierten Verstärker sein. Das heißt, das von dem Sensor gemessene Signal wird im Verstärker vor einer Weitergabe an die Rechnereinheit verstärkt, sodass auch bei kleinsten vom Sensor erfassten Verformungen der Drehtischstahlbaukonstruktion bereits ein deutlich wahrnehmbares Signal an die Rechnereinheit gesendet wird. Der Sensor kann in einem Bereich eines Gegengewichtszylinders angeordnet sein.The sensor may be a sensor with an amplifier, for example an integrated amplifier. That is, the signal measured by the sensor is amplified in the amplifier before passing to the computer unit, so that even with the smallest detected by the sensor deformations of the rotary table steel construction already a clearly perceptible signal is sent to the computer unit. The sensor can be arranged in a region of a counterweight cylinder.

Als Gegengewichtszylinder wird ein Zylinder bezeichnet, der zur Aufnahme des Gegengewichts bei Kranen oder mobilen Kranen, wie Autokranen, eingesetzt wird. Der Gegengewichtszylinder ist mit der Drehtischstahlbaukonstruktion verbunden und weist einen Kolben auf, der zum Beispiel ausgefahren werden kann um ein Gegengewicht zu greifen und anzuheben. Als Greifen wird hier auch verstanden, dass der Kolben des Gegengewichtszylinders mit einem Ende aus einem Zylindergehäuse ausgefahren, in oder durch eine Öffnung im Gegengewicht in eine Greifposition bewegt und in der Greifposition beispielweise um 90° verdreht oder auf andere Art gesichert wird. Anschließend kann das eine Ende des Gegengewichtszylinders wieder eingefahren werden, sodass das Gegengewicht in eine Position gebracht wird, in der es gemeinsam mit der Drehtischstahlbaukonstruktion verschwenkt werden kann.As a counterweight cylinder, a cylinder is referred to, which is used for receiving the counterweight in cranes or mobile cranes, such as mobile cranes. The counterbalance cylinder is connected to the turntable steel structure and has a piston that can be extended, for example, to grip and lift a counterweight. As gripping is also understood here that the piston of the counterweight cylinder extended with one end of a cylinder housing, moved into or through an opening in the counterweight in a gripping position and rotated in the gripping position, for example, by 90 ° or secured in any other way. Subsequently, the one end of the counterweight cylinder can be retracted again, so that the counterweight is brought into a position in which it can be pivoted together with the turntable steel construction.

Alternativ kann der Gegengewichtszylinder fester Bestandteil einer Gegengewichtsgrundplatte sein, die mit weiteren Gegengewichtsplatten verbunden werden kann. Diese Gegengewichtsgrundplatte mit dem Gegengewichtszylinder kann zum Beispiel auf dem Unterwagen des Krans abgelegt und mit der Drehtischbaustahlkonstruktion verriegelt werden. Zur Verriegelung mit der Drehtischstahlbaukonstruktion kann der Gegengewichtszylinder das gesamte Gegengewichtspakte, bestehend aus der Gegengewichtsgrundplatte, dem Gegengewichtszylinder und optional weiteren Gegengewichtsplatten nach oben in Richtung der Drehtischstahlbaukonstruktion in eine Verriegelungsposition drücken. Nach dem Verriegeln kann der Gegengewichtszylinder wieder einfahren und dabei das gesamte Gegengewichtspaket nach oben ziehen, sodass die Gegengewichtsgrundplatte und optional die weiteren Gegengewichtsplatten jetzt frei an oder unter der Drehtischstahlbaukonstruktion hängen und zusammen mit dieser verschwenkt, respektive gedreht werden können.Alternatively, the counterweight cylinder may be an integral part of a counterweight base plate that may be connected to other counterweight plates. For example, this counterbalance base plate with the counterweight cylinder can be stored on the undercarriage of the crane and locked to the turntable structural steel construction. For locking with the turntable steel construction, the counterweight cylinder may comprise the entire counterweight pact consisting of the counterweight base plate, the counterweight cylinder and optionally further counterweight plates upwardly in FIG Press the direction of the turntable steel structure into a locked position. After locking, the counterweight cylinder can retract again, pulling the entire counterweight package upwards, so that the counterweight base plate and optionally the other counterweight plates now hang freely on or under the turntable construction and can be pivoted together with it, respectively rotated.

Der Kran, respektive die Drehtischstahlbaukonstruktion oder die Gegengewichtsgrundplatte kann/können zwei Gegengewichtszylinder aufweisen. In diesen Fall kann jedem der Gegengewichtszylinder ein Sensor zugeordnet sein, sodass unabhängig voneinander elastische Verformungen der Drehtischstahlbaukonstruktion respektive der Sensoren im Bereich der beiden Gegengewichtszylinder erfasst und an die Rechnereinheit geleitet werden können.The crane, respectively the turntable steel construction or the counterweight base plate may comprise two counterweight cylinders. In this case, each of the counterweight cylinder may be associated with a sensor, so that independently of each other elastic deformations of the rotary table steel construction respectively the sensors can be detected in the region of the two counterweight cylinder and passed to the computer unit.

In der Rechnereinheit können die von den Sensoren erfassten Verformungen respektive die Verformungen der beiden Sensoren miteinander verglichen werden. Dabei kann in der Rechnereinheit ein Grenzwert für eine Abweichung zwischen den beiden erfassten Verformungen vorgegeben sein, bei dessen Überschreitung die Recheneinheit ein optisches oder hörbares Warnsignal ausgibt, um einem Kranführer anzuzeigen, dass es ein Problem mit den Gegengewichten gibt.In the computer unit, the deformations detected by the sensors or the deformations of the two sensors can be compared with one another. In this case, a limit value for a deviation between the two detected deformations can be predetermined in the computer unit, at the exceeding of which the arithmetic unit outputs an optical or audible warning signal to indicate to a crane operator that there is a problem with the counterweights.

Bei dem Problem kann es sich um eine unsymmetrische Aufnahme von Gegengewichten handeln, oder um eine Fehlfunktion wenigstens eines der Gegengewichtszylinder, die beispielsweise zu eine nichtsynchronisierten Aufnahme eines Gegengewichts durch die beiden Gegengewichtszylinder führt.The problem may be an asymmetrical reception of counterweights, or a malfunction of at least one of the counterweight cylinders, resulting, for example, in a non-synchronized reception of a counterweight by the two counterweight cylinders.

Als unsymmetrische Aufnahme wird auch der Fall verstanden, dass jeder Gegengewichtszylinder eigene Gegengewichte oder Gegengewichtsteile aufnimmt und die Anzahl der aufgenommenen Gegengewichte oder Gegengewichtsteile pro Gegengewichtszylinder nicht gleich ist oder die Aufnahmegeschwindigkeit der Zylinder unterschiedlich ist.As unsymmetrical recording is also understood the case that each counterweight cylinder own counterweights or counterweight parts receives and the number of recorded counterweights or counterweight parts per counterweight cylinder is not the same or the take-up speed of the cylinder is different.

In der Rechnereinheit können die von den Sensoren erfassten Gegengewichtswerte mit einer in einem Speicher der Rechnereinheit oder der elektronischen Kransicherheitseinrichtung hinterlegten Traglasttabelle für den Kran verglichen werden. In der Tabelle sind maximale Traglastwerte für den Kran für jedes Gegengewicht respektive Gesamtgegengewicht hinterlegt, das mit dem Kran verbunden ist. Je höher das Gegengewicht ist, desto größer wird im Normalfall die zulässige Tragkraft des Krans. Das heißt, aus der Traglasttabelle ergibt sich eine zulässige oder maximale Belastung des Krans bei einem vorgegebenen Gegengewicht, zum Beispiel eine zulässige Traglast und/oder eine zulässige Ausladung des Krans. Zwischenwerte oder Randwerte können interpoliert bzw. extrapoliert werden. Diese ermittelten Werte für den aktuellen Rüstzustand des Krans können an einer Ausgabeeinheit, zum Beispiel einer optischen Ausgabeeinheit wie einem Bildschirm oder Display, oder über einen Drucker ausgegeben werden, damit der Kranführer darüber informiert ist.In the computer unit, the counterweight values detected by the sensors can be compared with a load capacity table for the crane stored in a memory of the computer unit or the electronic crane safety device. The maximum load capacity values for the crane are stored in the table for each counterweight or total counterweight connected to the crane. The higher the counterweight, the larger the permissible load capacity of the crane normally becomes. That is, from the load table results in a permissible or maximum load of the crane at a given counterweight, for example, a permissible load and / or a permissible unloading of the crane. Intermediate values or boundary values can be interpolated or extrapolated. These ascertained values for the current setup state of the crane can be output at an output unit, for example an optical output unit such as a screen or display, or via a printer so that the crane operator is informed about this.

Das Einhalten oder Überschreiten dieser bekannten zulässigen Belastung kann anschließend zum Beispiel von der elektronischen Kransicherheitseinrichtung kontrolliert und dokumentiert werden.The compliance or exceeding of this known allowable load can then be controlled and documented, for example, by the electronic crane safety device.

Ein weiterer Aspekt der Erfindung betrifft einen mobilen Kran mit einem Unterwagen, einem Oberwagen, einer Drehtischstahlbaukonstruktion, die mit dem Oberwagen verbunden ist, und einer Vorrichtung zum automatischen Erfassen eines mit der Drehtischstahlbaukonstruktion verbundenen Gegengewichts.Another aspect of the invention relates to a mobile crane comprising an undercarriage, an uppercarriage, a turntable steel structure connected to the uppercarriage, and a device for automatically detecting a counterweight connected to the turntable steel structure.

Die Drehtischstahlbaukonstruktion oder die Gegengewichtsgrundplatte, die mit der Drehtischstahlbaukonstruktion verriegelt werden kann, weist wenigstens einen Gegengewichtszylinder auf, mit dem ein Gegengewicht, respektive eine Gegengewichtsplatte gegriffen, gehalten und/oder angehoben werden kann.The turntable steel structure or counterweight base plate which can be locked to the turntable steel structure has at least one counterbalance cylinder with which a counterweight, respectively a counterweight plate, can be gripped, held and / or lifted.

Ein Sensor kann eine elastische Verformung der Drehtischstahlbaukonstruktion bei oder nach der Aufnahme der Gegengewichte erfassen und ein die elastische Verformung repräsentierendes Signal an eine Rechnereinheit weiterleiten.A sensor can detect an elastic deformation of the turntable steel structure during or after the reception of the counterweights and forward a signal representing the elastic deformation to a computer unit.

Bei der Vorrichtung kann es sich um die vorbeschriebene Vorrichtung handeln, mit der festgestellt werden kann, dass ein Gegengewicht mit dem Kran verbunden ist, und mit der ein Gewicht des Gegengewichts und eine Anordnung der Gegengewichte respektive eine Gegengewichtsverteilung an der Drehtischstahlbaukonstruktion erfasst werden kann.The device may be the device described above with which it can be established that a counterweight is connected to the crane and with which a weight of the counterweight and an arrangement of the counterweights or a counterweight distribution on the rotary table steel construction can be detected.

Ein weiterer Aspekt der Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum automatischen Erfassen und Kontrollieren eines Rüstgewichts eines Krans, um ein Kippen des Krans in eine Lastrichtung und/oder in eine Gegengewichtsrichtung und/oder ein asymmetrisches Rüsten des Krans zu verhindern.Another aspect of the invention relates to a method of automatically detecting and controlling a crane implement weight to prevent the crane from tilting in a load direction and / or in a counterweight direction and / or asymmetrically setting up the crane.

Dabei wird in einem ersten Schritt ein Gegengewicht mit einer Drehtischstahlbaukonstruktion des Krans verbunden. In einem zweiten Schritt wird eine elastische Verformung der Drehtischstahlbaukonstruktion nach der Verbindung mit dem Gegengewicht von einem Sensor erfasst und in einem dritten Schritt an eine Rechnereinheit weitergeleitet.In a first step, a counterweight is connected to a turntable construction of the crane. In a second step, an elastic deformation of the rotary table steel construction is detected after connection to the counterweight by a sensor and forwarded in a third step to a computer unit.

In einem vierten Schritt wird der von dem Sensor erfasste Wert in der Rechnereinheit mit einer in der Rechnereinheit oder in einer elektronischen Kransicherheitseinrichtung gespeicherten Traglasttabelle für den Kran abgeglichen. Das bedeutet, die Rechnereinheit sucht in der Traglasttabelle den Wert des von dem Sensor erfassten Gegengewichts und entnimmt der Traglasttabelle die dazugehörigen Grenzbelastungswerte für den Kran. Bei den Grenzbelastungswerten kann es sich um eine maximale Traglast, eine maximale Ausladung oder andere Grenzbelastungswerte für den Kran in der Konfiguration mit dem erfassten aktuellen Gegengewicht handeln.In a fourth step, the value detected by the sensor is calibrated in the computer unit with a load table for the crane stored in the computer unit or in an electronic crane safety device. That is, the computer unit searches in the payload table for the value of the counterbalance detected by the sensor and retrieves from the payload table the associated limit load values for the crane. The limit load values may be a maximum payload, a maximum overshoot, or other limit load values for the crane in the detected current counterweight configuration.

Die so ermittelten Grenzlastwerte können von der Rechnereinheit an einem Ausgabegerät ausgegeben werden, zum Beispiel an einem Bildschirm, einem Display oder einem Drucker, als gedruckte Tabelle oder Grenzwertkurve.The limit load values determined in this way can be output by the computer unit to an output device, for example on a screen, a display or a printer, as a printed table or limit curve.

Wenn die Grenzwerte bekannt sind, kann der Kranführer den Kran in Betrieb nehmen. Die Rechnereinheit kann den Kran, insbesondere die Einhaltung der ermittelten Grenzwerte, während des Betriebs überwachen und den Kranführer beim Überschreiten der Grenzwerte durch akustische, optische oder taktile Signale warnen.If the limit values are known, the crane operator can put the crane into operation. The computer unit can monitor the crane, in particular the observance of the determined limit values, during operation and warn the crane operator when the limit values are exceeded by acoustic, optical or tactile signals.

Weist die Stahlbaukonstruktion oder die Gegengewichtsgrundplatte zwei Gegengewichtszylinder und zwei Sensoren auf, so können in der Rechnereinheit die von den beiden Sensoren erfassten Werte miteinander verglichen werden. Die Sensoren sind bevorzugt an der Drehtischstahlbaukonstruktion voneinander beabstandet angeordnet und weisen zu einer der Drehtischstahlbaukonstruktion zugewandten oberen Kante des Gegengewichts einen gleichen vertikalen und horizontalen Abstand auf.If the steel construction or the counterweight base plate has two counterweight cylinders and two sensors, the values detected by the two sensors can be compared with one another in the computer unit. The sensors are preferably spaced from each other on the turntable steel structure and have a same vertical and horizontal spacing from an upper edge of the counterweight facing the turntable steel structure.

Wird bei dem Vergleich eine Abweichung zwischen der erfassten Werten festgestellt, kann dies bedeuten, dass der Kran nicht in der Waage steht oder das Gegengewicht nicht synchron gerüstet ist. Wenn diese asymmetrische Belastung des Krans einen vorgegebenen Grenzwert überschreitet, kann die Rechnereinheit, wie bereits beschrieben, ein Warnsignal gerieren und ausgeben.If the comparison detects a deviation between the recorded values, this may mean that the crane is not in balance or the counterweight is not equipped synchronously. If this asymmetric loading of the crane exceeds a predetermined limit, the computer unit, as already described, cause and output a warning signal.

Eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens kann nachträglich in einen Kran eingebaut werde, wobei es sich bei der Vorrichtung insbesondere um die vorbeschriebene Vorrichtung zur Feststellung und Überwachung eines gerüsteten Gegengewichts an einem Kran handeln kann.A device for carrying out the method can be retrofitted into a crane, wherein the device can be, in particular, the device described above for detecting and monitoring a fitted counterweight on a crane.

Für die gesamte Beschreibung und die Ansprüche gilt, dass der Ausdruck "ein" als unbestimmter Artikel benutzt wird und die Anzahl von Teilen nicht auf ein einziges beschränkt. Sollte "ein" die Bedeutung von "nur ein" haben, so ist dies für den Fachmann aus dem Kontext zu verstehen oder wird durch die Verwendung geeigneter Ausdrücke wie zum Beispiel "ein einziger" eineindeutig offenbart. Nachfolgend wird ein Ausführungsbeispiel anhand von Zeichnungen näher erläutert. Es zeigt:

  • Figur 1: Oberwagen eines Krans mit Drehtischstahlbaukonstruktion mit zwei Gegengewichtszylindern, und
  • Figur 2: Seitenansicht einer Drehtischstahlkonstruktion mit Gegengewichtszylinder und Sensor
For the entire description and claims, the term "a" is used as an indefinite article and the number of parts is not limited to a single one. Should "a" have the meaning of "only one", it will be understood by those skilled in the context, or will be unambiguously disclosed by the use of appropriate terms, such as "a single". Hereinafter, an embodiment will be explained in more detail with reference to drawings. It shows:
  • FIG. 1 : Uppercarriage of a crane with turntable construction with two counterweight cylinders, and
  • FIG. 2 : Side view of a turntable steel construction with counterweight cylinder and sensor

Die Figur 1 zeigt einen Oberwagen B eines mobilen Krans mit einer Drehtischstahlbaukonstruktion 1 mit zwei Gegengewichtszylindern 2 in einer perspektivischen Ansicht von oben. Die Drehtischstahlbaukonstruktion 1 weist an ihrem hinteren Ende zwei quer zu einer Längsrichtung L der Drehtischstahlbaukonstruktion 1 abstehende Verbindungslaschen 3, 4 auf, die von einer gabelartigen Verlängerung 5 des Gegengewichtszylinders 2 umgriffen und mit dieser mittels eines Bolzens 6 mit dem Gegengewichtszylinder 2 verbunden ist.The FIG. 1 shows a superstructure B of a mobile crane with a turntable steel construction 1 with two counterweight cylinders 2 in a perspective view from above. The turntable steel construction 1 has at its rear end two transverse to a longitudinal direction L of the turntable steel construction 1 projecting connecting straps 3, 4, which is encompassed by a fork-like extension 5 of the counterweight cylinder 2 and connected thereto by means of a bolt 6 with the counterweight cylinder 2.

Die Figur 2 zeigt einen Ausschnitt der Drehtischstahlbaukonstruktion 1 der Figur 1 in einer Vergrößerung. Gezeigt wird der Gegendruckzylinder 3, der mit der Drehtischstahlkonstruktion 1 verbunden ist.The FIG. 2 shows a section of the turntable steel construction 1 of FIG. 1 in an enlargement. Shown is the impression cylinder 3, which is connected to the turntable steel structure 1.

Die Verbindung zwischen der Drehtischstahlbaukonstruktion 1 und dem Gegengewichtszylinder 2, bestehend aus der gabelartigen Verlängerung 5, der Verbindungslasche 3 und dem Bolzen 6, ist in einem Schnitt durch die Mitte des Bolzens 6 gezeigt.The connection between the turntable steel structure 1 and the counterweight cylinder 2, consisting of the fork-like extension 5, the connecting plate 3 and the bolt 6, is shown in a section through the center of the bolt 6.

Die gabelartige Verlängerung 5 weist an einer ihrer Seiten eine Durchgangsbohrung auf, die Verbindungslasche eine Bohrung. Ein Einpresssensor 9 wurde durch die Durchgangsbohrung in die Bohrung eingepresst.The fork-like extension 5 has on one of its sides a through hole, the connecting plate a hole. A press-fit sensor 9 was pressed through the through hole in the bore.

BezugszeichenlisteLIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

11
DrehtischstahlbaukonstruktionTurntable steel construction
22
GegengewichtszylinderCounterweight cylinder
33
Verbindungslascheconnecting strap
44
Verbindungslascheconnecting strap
55
Verlängerungrenewal
66
Bolzenbolt
77
Sensorsensor
88th
Rechnereinheitcomputer unit
BB
Oberwagensuperstructure
LL
Längsrichtunglongitudinal direction

Claims (14)

  1. A device for detecting and monitoring an assembled counterweight on a crane, comprising:
    a turntable steelwork construction (1) comprising a counterweight cylinder (2);
    a sensor (7) which is arranged in the region of a connection between the counterweight cylinder (2) and the turntable steelwork construction (1);
    a computational unit (8),
    wherein the sensor (7) is connected to the computational unit (8), and the computational unit (8) comprises a logic which determines a weight of a counterweight which can be connected to the turntable steelwork construction (1) from data which are captured by the sensor and transmitted to the computational unit,
    characterised in that
    the sensor detects an elastic deformation in the turntable steelwork construction (1) due to the weight of the counterweight connected to the turntable steelwork construction (1).
  2. The device according to Claim 1, wherein the sensor (7) is an elastic sensor (7).
  3. The device according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the sensor (7) is a press-in sensor or screw-in sensor which can be pressed or screwed into a component of the turntable steelwork construction (1) in order to detect a deformation.
  4. The device according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the sensor (7) comprises an amplifier.
  5. The device according to any one of the preceding two claims, wherein the at least one sensor (7) is pressed or screwed into the turntable steelwork construction (1) in a region in which the counterweight cylinder (2) is connected to the turntable steelwork construction (1).
  6. The device according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the device comprises two counterweight cylinders (2) and two sensors (7), wherein each counterweight cylinder (2) is assigned a sensor (7).
  7. The device according to the preceding claim, wherein the computational unit (8) compares the signals of a deformation in one sensor (7) with the signals of a deformation in the other sensor (7) and generates a warning signal when a predefined threshold value for a deviation between the two values is reached or exceeded.
  8. The device according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein: a bearing load table for the crane is stored in the computational unit (8); a permitted outreach and/or a permitted bearing load of the crane for predefined counterweight values can be retrieved from the bearing load table; and the computational unit (8) outputs the retrieved values on an output device.
  9. A crane, comprising:
    a turntable steelwork construction (1) comprising at least one counterweight cylinder (2) for receiving a counterweight;
    a computational unit (8); and
    at least one sensor (7) in the region of the turntable steelwork construction (1),
    wherein the sensor (7) detects an elastic deformation in the turntable steelwork construction (1) caused by receiving the counterweight, and transmits a signal to the computational unit (8).
  10. The crane according to Claim 9, wherein the turntable steelwork construction (1) is part of a rotatable superstructure (B) of a mobile crane.
  11. The crane according to any one of Claims 9 or 10, wherein the turntable steelwork construction (1), the counterweight cylinder (2), the computational unit (8) and the sensor (7) are parts of the device according to any one of Claims 1 to 8.
  12. A method for automatically checking an assembly weight by means of a device for determining and monitoring the assembly weight, in order to prevent a crane from tipping and/or to prevent the crane from being assembled asymmetrically, wherein:
    in a first step, a counterweight element is connected to a turntable steelwork construction (1);
    in a second step, an elastic deformation in the turntable steelwork construction (1) is detected by a sensor (7);
    in a third step, the value captured by the sensor (7) is relayed to a computational unit (8) and
    in a fourth step, the captured value is compared in the computational unit (8) with a bearing load table for the crane which is stored in the computational unit (8);
    in a fifth step, the computational unit (8) retrieves at least one threshold load value for the crane from the load table and outputs it on an output device; and optionally
    in a sixth step, the computational unit (8) monitors whether the at least one threshold load value of the crane is being observed.
  13. The method according to Claim 12, wherein: the turntable steelwork construction (1) comprises two counterweight cylinders (2) and two sensors (7);
    the elastic deformations in the turntable steelwork construction (1) detected by the two sensors (7) are compared with each other;
    if the detected elastic deformations differ, the computational unit (8) determines an asymmetrical exposure of the crane; and
    the computational unit (8) generates and outputs a warning signal for the crane operator.
  14. The method according to any one of Claims 12 or 13, wherein the device is a device according to any one of Claims 1 to 8.
EP13166348.6A 2013-05-03 2013-05-03 Device and method for determination and monitoring a counterweight which is fitted to a crane Active EP2799386B1 (en)

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EP13166348.6A EP2799386B1 (en) 2013-05-03 2013-05-03 Device and method for determination and monitoring a counterweight which is fitted to a crane
US14/261,568 US9156663B2 (en) 2013-05-03 2014-04-25 Device and method for ascertaining and monitoring an assembled counterweight on a crane
JP2014091263A JP5875624B2 (en) 2013-05-03 2014-04-25 Apparatus and method for checking and monitoring crane assembly counterweight
CN201410181495.2A CN104129710B (en) 2013-05-03 2014-04-30 Device and method for determination and monitoring an assembled counterweight on a crane
BR102014010691A BR102014010691A2 (en) 2013-05-03 2014-05-02 device for detecting and monitoring a counterweight mounted on a crane, crane, and method for automatically checking a weight of the assembly

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US20140330481A1 (en) 2014-11-06
US9156663B2 (en) 2015-10-13
JP5875624B2 (en) 2016-03-02
CN104129710B (en) 2017-01-11
JP2014218374A (en) 2014-11-20
EP2799386A1 (en) 2014-11-05
CN104129710A (en) 2014-11-05

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