EP2789208B1 - Dispositif de chauffe par induction - Google Patents

Dispositif de chauffe par induction Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2789208B1
EP2789208B1 EP12815792.2A EP12815792A EP2789208B1 EP 2789208 B1 EP2789208 B1 EP 2789208B1 EP 12815792 A EP12815792 A EP 12815792A EP 2789208 B1 EP2789208 B1 EP 2789208B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
switching elements
induction heating
control unit
heating device
switching
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP12815792.2A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2789208A1 (fr
Inventor
Daniel Anton Falcon
Carlos CALVO MESTRE
Sergio Llorente Gil
Daniel Palacios Tomas
Diego Puyal Puente
Hector Sarnago Andia
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BSH Hausgeraete GmbH
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BSH Hausgeraete GmbH
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Publication date
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Publication of EP2789208A1 publication Critical patent/EP2789208A1/fr
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Publication of EP2789208B1 publication Critical patent/EP2789208B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
    • H05B6/02—Induction heating
    • H05B6/06—Control, e.g. of temperature, of power
    • H05B6/062—Control, e.g. of temperature, of power for cooking plates or the like

Definitions

  • the invention is based on an induction heating device according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the object of the invention is in particular to provide a generic device with improved heating properties.
  • the object is achieved by the features of claim 1, while advantageous embodiments and modifications of the invention can be taken from the dependent claims.
  • the invention is based on an induction heating device, in particular an induction hob device, having at least two switching elements which are connected in parallel in at least one operating mode and intended to generate a high-frequency alternating current for supplying an induction heating element, and with at least one control unit.
  • control unit be provided to actuate at least two of the at least two switching elements with different activity parameters, at least in the operating mode.
  • a "switching element” is to be understood, in particular, as an electrical component which is intended to produce and / or to separate at least one electrical connection between at least two power contacts of the switching element.
  • the switching element is designed as a semiconductor switching element, preferably as a transistor, in particular as an IGBT.
  • the switching element has at least one control contact, which is merely provided to enable an adjustment of a switching state of the switching element, in particular by a control unit.
  • an electrical connection can be understood which, at least in an operating state with a current flow of alternating current via the connection with a frequency between 1 kHz and 100 kHz has an impedance which is smaller in magnitude than 10 V / A, in particular smaller than 1 V / A, preferably less than 0.1 V / A, and the amount thereof in particular over a frequency range of 1 kHz to 100 kHz by a maximum of 100%, in particular a maximum of 40%, preferably a maximum of 10%, preferably a maximum of 3%, fluctuates ,
  • an “induction heating element” is to be understood in particular a heating element with at least one induction heating, which is provided by induction effects, in particular induction of electric current and / or Ummagnetleitersemble in a, preferably ferromagnetic, in particular metallic, heating means, in particular in a cooking utensil, in an oven wall and / or in a radiator, which is arranged in an oven to cause heating of the heating medium.
  • the induction heating element is provided to transmit in at least one operating mode in which the induction heating is connected to a supply electronics, a power of at least 100 W, in particular at least 500 W, advantageously at least 1000 W, preferably at least 2000 W, in particular electrical energy into electromagnetic field energy, which is finally converted into heat in a suitable heating medium.
  • An "induction heating line” is to be understood as meaning, in particular, an electrical line which is intended to carry an electric current which is intended to induce induction effects in a suitable heating means.
  • the induction heating is as inductance, in particular as a coil, advantageously as a flat coil, preferably at least substantially in the form of a circular disc, alternatively in the form of an oval or a rectangle formed.
  • the induction heating line in particular with a coupled heating means, has an inductance of at least 0.1 ⁇ T, in particular at least 0.3 ⁇ T, advantageously at least 1 ⁇ T.
  • the induction heating line in particular without a coupled heating means, has an inductance of not more than 100 mT, in particular not more than 10 mT, advantageously not more than 1 mT.
  • the induction heating is intended, at least in an operating state of high-frequency alternating current, in particular an alternating current having a frequency of at least 1 kHz, in particular at least 3 kHz, advantageously at least 10 kHz, preferably at least 20 kHz, in particular at most 100 kHz, in particular with a current of at least 0.5 A, in particular at least 1 A, advantageously at least 3 A, preferably at least 10 A, to be traversed.
  • a "control unit” is to be understood, in particular, as an electronic unit which is preferably at least partially integrated in a control and / or regulating unit of a domestic appliance having the induction heating device.
  • the control unit is at least provided to control and / or regulate the switching elements.
  • the control unit preferably comprises a computing unit and, in particular in addition to the computing unit, a memory unit with a control and / or regulating program stored therein, which is intended to be executed by the computing unit.
  • an “activity parameter” should in particular be understood to mean at least one switch-on instant, one duration and / or one switch-off instant of a drive, in particular a phase and / or a duty cycle of a regular, preferably at least substantially periodic, drive.
  • the induction heating device has at least one sensor arrangement which is provided to provide operating values, as a function of which the control unit determines the activity parameters.
  • a heating behavior adapted to operating values can be achieved.
  • a duration that can be heated with maximum heating power before an emergency regulation due to overheating of the switching elements takes place can be extended.
  • the at least two switching elements are connected in parallel independently of the operating state.
  • the switching elements are provided, for example, to a boost mode to be connected in parallel via a further, in particular electromechanical, switching element, in particular a relay.
  • control unit is provided to operate at least two of the switching elements with different duty cycles, at least in the operating mode.
  • a duty cycle is to be understood in particular the ratio of turn-on time to total time.
  • a duty cycle of 100% corresponds to a constantly established connection, while a duty cycle of 0% corresponds to a constantly disconnected connection.
  • an effective value of currents flowing through the different switching elements can be adapted, whereby in particular line losses of the different switching elements can be changed.
  • control unit be provided to activate the at least two switching elements at least substantially simultaneously, at least in the operating mode.
  • substantially simultaneously should in particular be understood to mean that a distance of switch-on edges of the control currents for the different switching elements is at most 1 ⁇ s, advantageously at most 0.1 ⁇ s, preferably at most 10 ns.
  • a sampling rate for the correspondingly switched off switching element is selected such that a current through the switching element is zero before the correspondingly different switching element is switched off.
  • high efficiency can be achieved.
  • a power loss can be avoided by switching losses on the switching element, which is turned off earlier accordingly.
  • the control unit is provided to switch off the switching elements at least substantially simultaneously, whereby an allocation of the switching losses is achieved, but line losses are redistributed.
  • the induction heating device has at least one current sensor arrangement which is provided to determine currents flowing through the at least two switching elements.
  • each of the switching elements in particular exactly one, current sensor is connected in series.
  • a "current sensor” is to be understood, in particular, as a sensor, in particular an ammeter, which measures at least the alternating current component, in particular by inductive means.
  • at least one current sensor is provided which measures the total current flowing through all the switching elements.
  • a loss performance determination of the line losses can be carried out for each of the switching elements.
  • control unit is provided to determine the activity parameters of the at least two switching elements as a function of values of the current sensor arrangement.
  • the control unit is provided to equalize rms values of the currents through different ones of the at least two switching elements by decreasing the sampling rate of a high rms switching element over a low rms switching element.
  • control unit is provided to adjust the activity parameters when a minimum effective value of the at least two switching elements is less than 100%, in particular less than 80%, advantageously none is 60%, preferably less than 40% of a maximum effective value of the at least two switching elements.
  • control unit is provided to adjust the activity parameters when a minimum effective value of the at least two switching elements is at most 20%; in particular at most 40%, advantageously at most 60%, preferably at most 80%, of a maximum effective value of the at least two switching elements.
  • a minimum effective value of the at least two switching elements is at most 20%; in particular at most 40%, advantageously at most 60%, preferably at most 80%, of a maximum effective value of the at least two switching elements.
  • the induction heating device has at least one temperature sensor arrangement which is provided to determine temperatures of the at least two switching elements.
  • the temperature sensor arrangement has at least two temperature sensors which are arranged on at least one heat sink, in particular divided by the switching elements, wherein the control unit is provided to determine temperatures of the switching elements on the basis of measured values of these temperature sensors.
  • at least one, in particular a plurality, preferably each, of the switching elements has an integrated temperature sensor. In particular, a temperature monitoring of the switching elements can be achieved.
  • control unit is provided to adjust the activity parameters of the at least two switching elements as a function of values of the To determine temperature sensor arrangement.
  • control unit is provided to adjust the activity parameters when a temperature of at least one of the switching elements exceeds a temperature of 160 ° C, in particular of 150 ° C, advantageously of 140 ° C.
  • control unit is provided to adapt the activity parameters when a minimum of the temperatures of the at least two switching elements deviates by at least 5 K, in particular by at least 10 K, advantageously by at least 15 K, from a maximum of the temperatures of the at least two switching elements.
  • regulation of the activity parameters as a function of values of the temperature sensor arrangement takes precedence over regulation of the activity parameters as a function of values of the current sensor arrangement.
  • FIG. 1 shows a designed as an induction hob home appliance 10 with an induction heater designed as an induction heater 12.
  • the induction heater 12 has four induction heating 20, 22, 24, 26 on.
  • the induction heating elements 20, 22, 24, 26 are arranged under a hob plate 18.
  • FIG. 2 1 shows an embodiment of the induction heating device 12 in an exemplary circuit of the induction heating element 20.
  • the induction heating device 12 has a voltage source 30. Furthermore, the induction heating device 12 has four switching elements 42, 44, 46, 48. The switching elements 42, 44, and 46, 48 are connected in parallel to each other in pairs, independently of an operating mode.
  • the switching elements 42, 44, 46, 48 are part of an inverter 40.
  • the switching elements 42, 44, 46, 48 are designed as IGBTs.
  • the inverter 40 and the switching elements 42, 44, 46, 48 are provided to generate a high-frequency alternating current for supplying the induction heating element 20.
  • the inverter 40 is connected to the voltage source 30 and draws on this energy to supply the induction heating element 20.
  • the voltage source 30 has, among other things, a rectifier, a filter electronics and a buffer capacity (not shown). and furthermore, the induction heating device 12 has a control unit 14, which is provided to control the switching elements 42, 44, 46, 48.
  • the control unit 14 is provided to periodically control the switching elements 42, 44, 46, 48 for generating the high-frequency alternating current.
  • the control unit 14 is provided, in operating modes in which operating parameters of the parallel-connected switching elements 42, 44, and 46, 48 differ from each other, the parallel switching elements 42, 44, and 46, 48 to drive with different activity parameters.
  • the control unit 14 is provided to operate in such an operating mode, the switching elements 42, 44, and 46, 48 with different duty cycles.
  • control unit 14 is provided to activate the parallel-connected switching elements 42, 44, and 46, 48 at the same time in such an operating mode.
  • the control unit 14 is provided to turn on the switching elements 42, 44, 46, 48 under zero voltage conditions (ZVS).
  • ZVS zero voltage conditions
  • the induction heating element 20 is connected in a half-bridge circuit with resonance.
  • the induction heating element 20 is schematically represented here by a series connection of an inductance and a resistance corresponding to a load.
  • an induction heating element is connected in full bridge circuit or in one-switch topology.
  • the induction heater 12 further includes a heat sink 16 which is arranged to dissipate heat generated by the switching elements 42, 44, 46, 48 during operation.
  • the induction heating device 12 has a temperature sensor arrangement 50.
  • the temperature sensor arrangement 50 has four temperature sensors 52, 54, 56, 58, which are provided to measure temperatures of the heat sink 16 at different positions.
  • the control unit 14 is provided to calculate temperatures of the temperature sensor arrangement 50 from temperatures 42 , 44 , 46 , 48 of the switching elements 42, 44, 46, 48.
  • the induction heating device 12 has a current sensor arrangement 60.
  • the current sensor arrangement 60 has four current sensors 62, 64, 66, 68.
  • the current sensors 62, 64, 66, 68 are each connected in series in a parallel branch of the switching elements 42, 44, 46, 48 to the respective switching element 42, 44, 46, 48.
  • the current sensor arrangement 60 is provided to measure currents I 42 , I 44 , I 46 , I 48 flowing through the switching elements 42, 44, 46, 48.
  • FIG. 3 are exemplary illustrated at the switching elements 42, 44, schematic courses of different operating variables over an activity period during a switching period of a first initial operating mode of the switching elements 42, 44 as a function of the time t shown.
  • the switching elements 42, 44 are turned on simultaneously and at the same frequency and later switched off again. They have the same phase and the same duty cycle.
  • the upper two graphs show a profile of a voltage U 20 and a current I 20 of the induction heating element 20.
  • the third and fourth graph or the seventh and eighth graph show curves of voltages U 42 , U 44 and of currents I 42 , I, respectively 44 of the switching elements 42, 44.
  • the fifth and ninth graph from above show switching states S 42 , S 44 of the switching elements 42, 44, wherein a value other than zero corresponds to an on state.
  • the switching elements 42, 44 are switched on at a time t 1 simultaneously and switched off at a time t 2 simultaneously.
  • the sixth and tenth graphs each show a course of a power loss P 42 , P 44, which results from switching losses when switching off the switching elements 42, 44.
  • a temperature ⁇ 44 of the switching element 44 is shown.
  • the corresponding ones Graphs of the switching elements 42, 44 have a substantially same course.
  • the temperature ⁇ 44 of the switching element 44 for example due to a defect, increases more than a temperature ⁇ 42 of the switching element 42 connected in parallel.
  • the control unit 14 is provided to determine the activity parameters of the switching elements 42, 44, 46, 48 as a function of values of the temperature sensor arrangement 50.
  • the control unit 14 is intended to adjust the activity parameters of a switching element 42, 44 whose temperature ⁇ 42 , ⁇ 44 exceeds a limit temperature.
  • the limit temperature is 135 ° C.
  • the control unit 14 is provided, for example, to adjust the activity parameters of the switching element 44 when its temperature ⁇ 44 exceeds the limit temperature in order to avoid switching losses in the switching element 44 having an elevated temperature ⁇ 44 . Furthermore, an effective value I eff44 of the current I 44 of the switching element 44 and thus line losses are thereby reduced.
  • the control unit 14 is provided to reduce a duty cycle of the switching element 44 and thus turn off earlier than the parallel switching element 42.
  • FIG. 4 For example, schematic diagrams of the various operating variables over an activity period during a switching period of an operating mode that is used in response to the overheating of the switching element 44 are shown.
  • the switching elements 42, 44 are turned on simultaneously and at the same frequency.
  • the switching elements 42, 44 are switched on at a time t 1 at the same time.
  • the switching element 44 is switched off prematurely.
  • the control unit 14 controls the time t 2 'of the shutdown so that a current I 44 of the switching element 44 reaches zero before the parallel-connected switching element 42 is turned off at a regular time t 2 .
  • the current I 42 of the parallel-connected switching element 42 increases to compensate for the premature shutdown.
  • the switching element 42 carries only a power loss P 42 when switching off.
  • the temperature ⁇ 44 of the switching element 44 decreases due to the reduced power loss. If the temperature ⁇ 44 of the switching element 44 continues to increase, the time t 2 'of switching off can be further advanced by lowering the clock ratio.
  • the control unit 14 is provided to determine the activity parameters of the switching elements 42, 44, 46, 48 in dependence on values of the current sensor arrangement 60.
  • the control unit 14 is provided to adjust the activity parameters when the effective values I eff42 , I eff44 of the switching elements 42, 44 differ by more than 50%.
  • the control unit 14 is provided to shorten the duty cycle of the switching element 44 with the higher effective value I eff44 of the current I 44 .
  • FIG. 6 the graphs obtained by adjusting the activity parameters are shown.
  • the switching element 44 with the formerly higher effective value I eff44 is prematurely switched off at the instant t 2 "
  • the switching element 42 connected in parallel with the formerly low effective value I eff42 has an increased current I 42 from the instant t 2 " in order to prevent premature switching off of the other switching element 44 to compensate.
  • the control unit 14 is provided to select the time t 2 "of the shutdown so that an effective value I eff42 'and an effective value I eff44 ' differ less than 20%, alternatively they are equal.
  • FIG. 7 is a time course of a power P 20 of the induction heating element 20, of RMS I eff42 , I eff44 of currents I 42 , I 44 through the switching elements 42, 44 and of temperatures ⁇ 42 , ⁇ 44 of the switching elements 42, 44 shown, from the beginning a heating operation with high performance P 20 until after reduction of the power P 20 due to overheating.
  • the temperatures ⁇ 42 , ⁇ 44 of the switching elements 42, 44 continue to rise, until a time t 10, a first of the switching elements 42 reaches the limit temperature.
  • the inventive method is used to reduce the power dissipation across the first of the switching elements 42 and to keep the power P 20 constant .
  • the control unit 14 is designed to switch between the different operating modes, the operating mode with the same activity parameters and the operating mode with different activity parameters, whenever the temperatures ⁇ 42 , ⁇ 44 require a high To achieve overall efficiency.
  • the temperature ⁇ 42 fluctuates minimally around the maximum temperature. Achieved at a time t 20, the temperature ⁇ 44 of the second switching element 44, the limit temperature, the power P 20 is reduced in order to reduce the power losses across the switching elements 42, 44 and to avoid further heating. Compared to a classic mode of operation in which the switching elements are operated with the same activity parameters, so a longer time with high power is heated.
  • any numbers of parallel switching elements are conceivable.
  • a control unit is provided to delay a switch-on time of a switching element and to prefer a switch-off time of a switching element connected in parallel, whereby an operating mode with different phases is effectively produced.
  • a combination of the operating mode with different phases with the operating mode with different duty cycles is conceivable in order to achieve a fine-tuning of the power losses.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Induction Heating Cooking Devices (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Dispositif de chauffe par induction comprenant au moins deux éléments de commutation (42, 44, 46, 48) qui, dans au moins un mode de fonctionnement, sont connectés parallèlement et sont ménagés pour générer un courant alternatif à haute fréquence destiné à alimenter un élément de chauffe par induction (20, 22, 24, 26), et comprenant au moins une unité de commande (14), caractérisé en ce que l'unité de commande (14) est ménagée pour commander au moins deux des au moins deux éléments de commande (42, 44, 46, 48) avec différents paramètres d'activité dans au moins le premier mode de fonctionnement.
  2. Dispositif de chauffe par induction selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les au moins deux éléments de commutation (42, 44, 46, 48) sont connectés parallèlement indépendamment de l'état de fonctionnement.
  3. Dispositif de chauffe par induction selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'unité de commande (14) est ménagée pour faire fonctionner au moins deux des éléments de commutation (42, 44, 46, 48) avec différents taux d'impulsion au moins dans le mode de fonctionnement.
  4. Dispositif de chauffe par induction selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que l'unité de commande (14) est ménagée pour activer les au moins deux éléments de commutation (42, 44, 46, 48) au moins essentiellement simultanément au moins dans le mode de fonctionnement.
  5. Dispositif de chauffe par induction selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par un dispositif de capteurs de courant (60) qui est ménagé pour déterminer les courants (I42, I44, I46, I48) circulant à travers les au moins deux éléments de commutation (42, 44, 46, 48).
  6. Dispositif de chauffe par induction selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que l'unité de commande (14) est ménagée pour déterminer les paramètres d'activité des au moins deux éléments de commutation (42, 44, 46, 48) en fonction de valeurs du dispositif de capteurs de courant (60).
  7. Dispositif de chauffe par induction selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par un dispositif de capteurs de température (50) qui est ménagé pour déterminer les températures (ϑ42, ϑ44, ϑ46, ϑ48) des au moins deux éléments de commutation (42, 44, 46, 48).
  8. Dispositif de chauffe par induction selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que l'unité de commande (14) est ménagée pour déterminer les paramètres d'activité des au moins deux éléments de commutation (42, 44, 46, 48) en fonction de valeurs du dispositif de capteurs température (50).
  9. Appareil ménager, notamment table de cuisson, comprenant un dispositif de chauffe par induction (12) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes.
EP12815792.2A 2011-12-07 2012-11-29 Dispositif de chauffe par induction Not-in-force EP2789208B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ES201131981 2011-12-07
PCT/IB2012/056816 WO2013084115A1 (fr) 2011-12-07 2012-11-29 Dispositif de chauffe par induction

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2789208A1 EP2789208A1 (fr) 2014-10-15
EP2789208B1 true EP2789208B1 (fr) 2016-02-03

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP12815792.2A Not-in-force EP2789208B1 (fr) 2011-12-07 2012-11-29 Dispositif de chauffe par induction

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EP (1) EP2789208B1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2013084115A1 (fr)

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1134885C (zh) * 1996-03-13 2004-01-14 松下电器产业株式会社 高频换流器及应用该高频换流器的感应加热烹调器
ATE468732T1 (de) * 2003-10-30 2010-06-15 Panasonic Corp Induktionsheiz-kocheinrichtung
JP2006114320A (ja) * 2004-10-14 2006-04-27 Mitsubishi Electric Corp 誘導加熱装置及び誘導加熱調理器
WO2007088931A1 (fr) * 2006-02-02 2007-08-09 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Appareil de chauffage par induction

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EP2789208A1 (fr) 2014-10-15
WO2013084115A1 (fr) 2013-06-13

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