EP2786959A1 - Kavitationsschutzvorrichtung für einen Hydraulikzylinder - Google Patents
Kavitationsschutzvorrichtung für einen Hydraulikzylinder Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2786959A1 EP2786959A1 EP13425049.7A EP13425049A EP2786959A1 EP 2786959 A1 EP2786959 A1 EP 2786959A1 EP 13425049 A EP13425049 A EP 13425049A EP 2786959 A1 EP2786959 A1 EP 2786959A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- conduit
- valve
- distributor
- chamber
- control valve
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66F—HOISTING, LIFTING, HAULING OR PUSHING, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. DEVICES WHICH APPLY A LIFTING OR PUSHING FORCE DIRECTLY TO THE SURFACE OF A LOAD
- B66F9/00—Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes
- B66F9/06—Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes movable, with their loads, on wheels or the like, e.g. fork-lift trucks
- B66F9/075—Constructional features or details
- B66F9/20—Means for actuating or controlling masts, platforms, or forks
- B66F9/22—Hydraulic devices or systems
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
- E02F9/20—Drives; Control devices
- E02F9/22—Hydraulic or pneumatic drives
- E02F9/226—Safety arrangements, e.g. hydraulic driven fans, preventing cavitation, leakage, overheating
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B11/00—Servomotor systems without provision for follow-up action; Circuits therefor
- F15B11/02—Systems essentially incorporating special features for controlling the speed or actuating force of an output member
- F15B11/024—Systems essentially incorporating special features for controlling the speed or actuating force of an output member by means of differential connection of the servomotor lines, e.g. regenerative circuits
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B21/00—Common features of fluid actuator systems; Fluid-pressure actuator systems or details thereof, not covered by any other group of this subclass
- F15B21/04—Special measures taken in connection with the properties of the fluid
- F15B21/047—Preventing foaming, churning or cavitation
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
- F15B2211/30—Directional control
- F15B2211/305—Directional control characterised by the type of valves
- F15B2211/30505—Non-return valves, i.e. check valves
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
- F15B2211/30—Directional control
- F15B2211/305—Directional control characterised by the type of valves
- F15B2211/30505—Non-return valves, i.e. check valves
- F15B2211/30515—Load holding valves
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
- F15B2211/30—Directional control
- F15B2211/305—Directional control characterised by the type of valves
- F15B2211/3056—Assemblies of multiple valves
- F15B2211/30565—Assemblies of multiple valves having multiple valves for a single output member, e.g. for creating higher valve function by use of multiple valves like two 2/2-valves replacing a 5/3-valve
- F15B2211/3058—Assemblies of multiple valves having multiple valves for a single output member, e.g. for creating higher valve function by use of multiple valves like two 2/2-valves replacing a 5/3-valve having additional valves for interconnecting the fluid chambers of a double-acting actuator, e.g. for regeneration mode or for floating mode
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
- F15B2211/30—Directional control
- F15B2211/32—Directional control characterised by the type of actuation
- F15B2211/327—Directional control characterised by the type of actuation electrically or electronically
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
- F15B2211/30—Directional control
- F15B2211/32—Directional control characterised by the type of actuation
- F15B2211/329—Directional control characterised by the type of actuation actuated by fluid pressure
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an anti-cavitation device for a hydraulic cylinder.
- the invention refers in particular to the field of operating vehicles predisposed for the lifting and lowering of a load.
- Operating vehicles of this type normally have a jib that can be lifted or lowered by a hydraulic cylinder.
- the cylinder can be supplied with pressurised working fluid, typically oil, from the bottom side or the rod side, respectively, to cause the lifting or lowering of the load.
- control valve On the conduit that supplies oil to the bottom side of the cylinder there is a control valve.
- control valve has the function of allowing the free supply of oil to the bottom side of the cylinder, and controlling or stopping the unloading of the oil from the bottom side of the cylinder.
- the control valve is a pilot valve that is normally closed. In the absence of a pilot pressure, the valve remains closed and prevents the drainage of the oil, so as to guarantee the support of the load and prevent the uncontrolled descent of the load itself. In the presence of a pilot pressure, the valve opens in a controlled manner allowing the drainage of the working fluid and the consequent controlled descent of the load.
- the pilot pressure is normally taken from the conduit that supplies the oil to the rod side of the cylinder.
- the supply of the oil to the bottom side or the rod side of the cylinder is normally established by means of a distributor that has a central position, wherein it closes both supply conduits to the cylinder, a first position, wherein the oil is supplied to the bottom side of the cylinder, while the rod side is connected to a drain, and a second position, wherein the oil is supplied to the rod side of the cylinder, while the bottom side is connected to the drain through the control valve.
- current operating vehicles comprise command distributors activated by hydraulic or electro-hydraulic manipulators and, in order to open and keep the valve controlling the descent open, the same pressure that the manipulator sends to the distributor control rod can be used. It may happen that the opening of the descent control valve allows the flow of a higher flow rate of oil with respect to the flow rate that can be provided by the activation circuit of the distributor and the descent control valve.
- the annular chamber may therefore stay partially empty. This condition can have negative effects on the movement of the load. For example, in the event that the load, after being rested on the ground, must also be pressed downwards, the partially empty annular chamber causes a delay in the response to the command given by the operator.
- the object of the present invention is to offer an anti-cavitation device for a hydraulic cylinder that allows the disadvantages currently encountered in the field to be overcome.
- An advantage of the device according to the present invention is that it allows the annular chamber to be supplied with the necessary flow rate of oil during the descent of the load, in a continuous way and without significant pressure peaks.
- Another advantage of the device according to the present invention is that it does not require the use of the pilot circuit to supply the annular chamber, allowing the energy consumed during the descent of the load to be reduced.
- the anti-cavitation device according to the present invention is preferably used in a supply circuit for a hydraulic cylinder intended to cause the lifting and lowering of a load (LOAD).
- LOAD load
- the lifting and lowering of the load are performed through a cylinder (C) illustrated schematically in the figures.
- the cylinder (C) normally has two chambers (C1, C2) separated by a piston to which the rod is associated which, in various ways, is connected to the load to be lifted.
- a first chamber (C1) typically the chamber that is located on the bottom side of the cylinder, is intended to receive pressurised oil to cause the lifting of the load.
- a second chamber (C2) arranged on the rod side of the cylinder (C) and, therefore, of an annular shape, is predisposed to receive pressurised oil and cause the lowering of the load.
- a distributor (D) is predisposed to cause the supply of pressurised oil to the first chamber (C1) or the second chamber (C2) and, simultaneously, to put the chamber that is not supplied by the pressurised oil in communication with a drain.
- the distributor (D) is equipped with a drawer that can assume a first position, wherein the first chamber (C1) is placed in communication with a source of pressurised fluid and the second chamber (C2) is placed in communication with a drain.
- Such first position is illustrated on the left side of the distributor (D).
- the drawer can also assume a second position, illustrated on the right side of the distributor (D); wherein opposite connections to those in the first position are performed.
- the drawer may also assume a central position wherein the first and the second chamber (C1, C2) are not in communication with the fluid source (P).
- the anti-cavitation device comprises a first conduit (2), predisposed to connect the first chamber (C1) of the cylinder (C) with a distributor (D).
- a second conduit (3) is predisposed to connect the second chamber (C2) of the cylinder (C) with the distributor (D).
- a control valve (4) arranged along the first conduit (2), is predisposed to allow the free flow of fluid from the distributor (D) towards the first chamber (C1) and to allow the free flow of fluid from the first chamber (C1) towards the distributor (D) only if it is supplied with a pilot pressure over a minimum value.
- the control valve (4) known to a person skilled in the field, substantially has the function of preventing the drainage of the working fluid from the first chamber (C1), unless a precise command is given by an operator. This is necessary to prevent uncontrolled descents of the load, also in the event of failures or fluid leaks.
- the control valve (4) essentially comprises a shutter that is pushed towards a closed position, wherein it prevents the drainage of the fluid from the first chamber (C1), by means of a spring.
- the shutter can be moved from the closed position towards an open position exerting an opposite and greater thrust on the shutter itself than the thrust exerted by the spring. This opening thrust is exerted by means of the working fluid which, following a command, can be supplied to the shutter with a sufficient pressure to overcome the thrust exerted by the spring.
- the anti-cavitation device further comprises a third conduit (5), which connects the second conduit (3) with a first tract (21) of the first conduit (2) arranged between the control valve (4) and the distributor (D).
- a shut-off valve (6) is arranged along the third conduit (5).
- Such shut-off valve (6) is mobile, following a command, between an open configuration, wherein it allows the flow along the third conduit (5), and a closed configuration, wherein it prevents the flow along the third conduit (5).
- the activation valve (6) comprises a shutter that is mobile between a closed position, wherein it totally obstructs the third conduit (5), and an open position, wherein it frees the third conduit (5) to the flow of oil.
- the shutter is pushed towards the closed position by means of a spring, so that, in the absence of a command, the shut-off valve (6) remains in the closed configuration.
- This opening force may be exerted, for example, through a pilot pressure or through an electromechanical actuator.
- the activation valve (6) is configured to receive an opening command whenever a load descent command is sent, and only in the presence of a descent command. In other words, the activation valve (6) is configured to receive an opening command only if the control valve (4) is supplied with the pilot pressure to allow the descent of the load.
- the shut-off valve (6) is a hydraulic pilot valve. As shown in Figures 1 and 2 , the command of the shut-off valve (6) takes place by means of a pilot pressure that can be sent to the shut-off valve (6) itself through a pilot conduit (P1). Such pilot conduit (P1) is predisposed to be connected to a pilot circuit (P) in turn connected to the control valve (4).
- FIG. 1 shows a pilot circuit (P) with a hydraulic manipulator (M) predisposed to command the distributor (D) and the control valve (4).
- the pilot conduit (P1) of the shut-off valve (6) is connected to the branch of the pilot circuit (P) that supplies the oil to the control valve (4) and to the descent side (L) of the distributor (D).
- the pilot circuit (P) for the distributor (D) differs from the example of Figure 1 in that the command is electromechanical and comprises two solenoid valves (E1, E2) respectively predisposed to cause the sending of the pilot pressure to the ascent side (H) or the descent side (L) of the distributor.
- pilot conduit (P1) of the shut-off valve (6) is connected to the branch of the pilot circuit (P) which supplies the oil to the control valve (4) and to the descent side (L) of the distributor (D), hence the activation of the shut-off valve (6) in the open configuration takes place simultaneously to the load descent command.
- a one-way valve (7) can be arranged along the third conduit (5).
- Such one-way valve (7) is predisposed to allow only the direct flow from the first conduit (2) towards the second conduit (3).
- the function of the one-way valve (7) is to ensure a seal with no blow-by from the second conduit (3) towards the first conduit (2).
- the shut-off valve (6) is an electromechanical control valve. In that case, it is not necessary for the shut-off valve (6) to be connected to a pilot circuit.
- the shut-off valve (6) is connected to a control panel, not illustrated, which provides to bring it into the open configuration in presence of a load descent command.
- the operation of the anti-cavitation device according to the present invention takes place as follows.
- the pressurised oil is sent to the first chamber (C1) of the cylinder (C).
- the control valve (4) allows the flow from the distributor (D) to the first chamber (C1) and the shut-off valve (6) is in the closed configuration, so that all the flow rate of oil flows into the first chamber (C1).
- the pilot pressure is supplied simultaneously to the distributor (D), to take it into the descent position, to the control valve (4), to take it into the open position, and to the shut-off valve (6), which puts the first conduit (2) in communication with the second conduit (3).
- the oil can therefore flow from the first chamber (C1) through the control valve (4) towards a drain.
- a part of the flow rate of oil that flows from the first chamber (C1) is supplied to the second chamber (C2) through the third conduit (5) and the shut-off valve (6) which, as already mentioned, is in the open configuration.
- the flow rate of oil which, through the third conduit (5) is conveyed to the second chamber (C2) depends substantially on the increase in volume of the second chamber (C2) in the unit of time during the descent of the load.
- the second chamber (C2) may not be totally filled by the oil coming from the distributor, since the intention is to exploit gravity. In fact, the missing oil from the complete filling is sucked into the second chamber (C2) through the third conduit (5) due to the effect of the sliding of the piston towards the bottom of the cylinder which causes the increase in volume of the second chamber (C2).
- the anti-cavitation device according to the present invention provides important advantages.
- the annular chamber allows the annular chamber to be supplied with the necessary flow rate of oil during the descent of the load, continuously and without significant pressure peaks.
- the necessary flow rate of oil is conveyed into the second chamber (C2) of the actual cylinder at low pressure, i.e. at the slight pressurisation present in the drainage conduit (21).
- Another advantage of the device according to the present invention is that it does not require the use of the pilot circuit to guarantee a correct and complete supply of the annular chamber, allowing the energy consumed during the descent of the load to be reduced.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Fluid-Pressure Circuits (AREA)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP13425049.7A EP2786959B1 (de) | 2013-04-05 | 2013-04-05 | Kavitationsschutzvorrichtung für einen Hydraulikzylinder |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP13425049.7A EP2786959B1 (de) | 2013-04-05 | 2013-04-05 | Kavitationsschutzvorrichtung für einen Hydraulikzylinder |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2786959A1 true EP2786959A1 (de) | 2014-10-08 |
EP2786959B1 EP2786959B1 (de) | 2017-05-10 |
Family
ID=48625977
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP13425049.7A Active EP2786959B1 (de) | 2013-04-05 | 2013-04-05 | Kavitationsschutzvorrichtung für einen Hydraulikzylinder |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP2786959B1 (de) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US11225981B2 (en) | 2017-05-03 | 2022-01-18 | Cnh Industrial America Llc | Vehicle with a boom comprising a hydraulic control circuit with a load control valve |
EP4325068A1 (de) | 2022-08-11 | 2024-02-21 | Robert Bosch GmbH | Steuersystem für einen stellzylinder |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1574474A2 (de) * | 2004-03-13 | 2005-09-14 | Deere & Company | Hydraulische Anordnung |
EP2196682A1 (de) * | 2008-12-15 | 2010-06-16 | Bosch Rexroth Oil Control S.p.A. | Hydraulische Steuervorrichtung für einen Stellantrieb eines Arbeitsfahrzeugs |
-
2013
- 2013-04-05 EP EP13425049.7A patent/EP2786959B1/de active Active
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1574474A2 (de) * | 2004-03-13 | 2005-09-14 | Deere & Company | Hydraulische Anordnung |
EP2196682A1 (de) * | 2008-12-15 | 2010-06-16 | Bosch Rexroth Oil Control S.p.A. | Hydraulische Steuervorrichtung für einen Stellantrieb eines Arbeitsfahrzeugs |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US11225981B2 (en) | 2017-05-03 | 2022-01-18 | Cnh Industrial America Llc | Vehicle with a boom comprising a hydraulic control circuit with a load control valve |
EP4325068A1 (de) | 2022-08-11 | 2024-02-21 | Robert Bosch GmbH | Steuersystem für einen stellzylinder |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP2786959B1 (de) | 2017-05-10 |
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