EP2785975A2 - Anchor, especially a rock anchor - Google Patents

Anchor, especially a rock anchor

Info

Publication number
EP2785975A2
EP2785975A2 EP12772961.4A EP12772961A EP2785975A2 EP 2785975 A2 EP2785975 A2 EP 2785975A2 EP 12772961 A EP12772961 A EP 12772961A EP 2785975 A2 EP2785975 A2 EP 2785975A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
anchor
anchor rod
head element
thread
rod
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP12772961.4A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2785975B1 (en
Inventor
Frank Schmidt
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hilti AG
Original Assignee
Hilti AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hilti AG filed Critical Hilti AG
Publication of EP2785975A2 publication Critical patent/EP2785975A2/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2785975B1 publication Critical patent/EP2785975B1/en
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D21/00—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
    • E21D21/0026—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection characterised by constructional features of the bolts
    • E21D21/0046—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection characterised by constructional features of the bolts formed by a plurality of elements arranged longitudinally
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D21/00—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
    • E21D21/0026—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection characterised by constructional features of the bolts
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D20/00—Setting anchoring-bolts
    • E21D20/02—Setting anchoring-bolts with provisions for grouting
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D21/00—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
    • E21D21/008—Anchoring or tensioning means

Definitions

  • Anchors in particular rock anchors
  • the invention relates to an anchor, in particular a rock bolt, according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • an anchor is equipped with a self-tapping thread and an anchor rod, wherein in the anchor rod at least one axially extending feed channel is arranged for a curable composition.
  • anchors with spreading heads are known, for example from US Pat. No. 7,896,580 B.
  • the Sp Dreau be applied at the ground-side end as a sleeve on the anchor rod (typically a solid rod, rarely a hollow rod), in particular screwed, and after installation of the anchor by twisting or pulling with the mountain spreads.
  • the borehole diameter required for the installation of a spreader bar anchor is often relatively large, e.g. B. 32 to 34 mm for a 16 mm anchor rod, which may be particularly on a relatively complex and space-demanding structure of the expansion head.
  • the force introduction of a spreading head by its basic design possibly also by tolerance variations, often very punctually, so that under certain circumstances - especially in weak geology - the recordable compressive stresses of the surrounding mountains can be exceeded.
  • spreader heads are in the not yet installed state of the anchor may not be very robust, since they are composed of several parts, which are often only loosely related. Only after activation of the spreading effect, the individual components are held together positively and positively. Under certain circumstances, this can cause the expansion sleeves to be damaged during transport of the anchors underground.
  • a screw-injection anchor which has a threaded end at the bottom provided with an anchor tube, which is rotatably insertable into the soil, wherein a hydraulic mortar on the anchor tube and through openings in the tube wall into the surrounding soil is injectable.
  • the object of the invention is to provide an anchor, in particular rock anchors, which is particularly easy to use, inexpensive and reliable.
  • An anchor according to the invention is characterized in that a head element, on which the self-tapping thread is arranged, is fastened to a first, in particular earth-side, end of the anchor rod.
  • the invention is based on a combination of a frictionally fixable screw anchor with a glued anchor and thus combines the advantages of a classic mining Sp DrSONankers that allows an immediate bond in the rock, a ringankersystems that allows small hole diameter and robust with few components, and one bonded composite system.
  • a first basic idea of the invention can be seen therein to provide the essential elements of the glued composite anchor and the essential elements of the screw anchor respectively on separate elements: While the supply channel is located exclusively in the anchor rod, the self-tapping thread is exclusively at one of the anchor rod separate Element, namely the head element, arranged. Because of this separation, the anchor can be made particularly favorable with particularly high reliability.
  • the outer diameter of the thread arranged on the head element is greater than the diameter of the anchor rod. This ensures a reliable setting process of the armature and a defined introduction of force before the introduction of the hardenable mass. It is particularly preferred that the core diameter of the thread arranged on the head element is greater than the diameter of the anchor rod.
  • the head member may form an annular axial stop which abuts the hardened mass is applied, so that a particularly good tensile force is given.
  • the feed channel and the thread are axially spaced.
  • the production cost can be further reduced, since in this case anchor rod and head element can be geometrically very easily performed.
  • the axial direction can be understood to mean the longitudinal direction of the armature, in particular its anchor rod.
  • At least one, preferably radially extending, outlet bore is provided according to the invention in the anchor rod, which leads from the feed channel to the outer side of the anchor rod.
  • the outlet bore is conveniently located just before the first end of the anchor rod, i. before the end, where the head element is located. This may in particular include that the distance between the outlet bore and the first end is less than 10 times, 5 times or 1 times the diameter of the anchor rod. This is fluidically particularly advantageous. It can also be provided additional outlet holes whose distance from the first end is greater.
  • the design effort can be further reduced that the supply channel is completed by the head element. Accordingly, the head member not only serves as a carrier of the thread, but also has fluid mechanical function by sealing the feed channel at the end face of the anchor rod.
  • the head element consists of solid material. This implies that the head element is solid.
  • the anchor rod and / or the head element are preferably made of metal, in particular steel.
  • the anchor rod which may also be referred to as an anchor tube due to the internal feed channel, is suitably butt-connected to the head element.
  • the anchor rod and the head element are connected via a welded connection, in particular via a friction-welded connection. Due to the inventive geometry of individual parts such a connection in a particularly simple manner can be realized. Instead of a welded connection and a screw connection is possible.
  • an anchor nut is arranged at an end region of the anchor rod facing away from the first end.
  • the invention also relates to the intended use of the anchor, in which the anchor is received in a rock hole, wherein the thread of the head element is screwed into the rock hole surrounding rock and the anchor rod is surrounded by a hardened mass.
  • the rock hole can be cylindrical or formed as a stepped bore.
  • hardenable mass e.g., cement mortar
  • the mass rises to the area of the first end of the anchor rod, then exits via the at least one radial outlet bore, and steadily fills the annulus in the borehole down until it emerges again at the borehole mouth.
  • the self-tapping thread is provided exclusively on the head element and it does not extend to the anchor rod.
  • the anchor rod may be formed on its outer lateral surface smooth or profiled in view of a particularly good introduction of force into the cured mass. If the anchor rod is profiled on its outer lateral surface, this profiling can also be formed thread-like. According to the invention, however, the thread-like profiling is formed with other thread parameters than the self-tapping thread on the head element, is formed discontinuously to the self-tapping thread and / or is in particular not self-tapping.
  • Figure 1 A side view of an inventive anchor in a rock well, the rock surrounding the rock well is shown cut.
  • FIG. 1 An embodiment of an inventive armature is shown in Figure 1.
  • the anchor is disposed in a rock hole 91 formed in rock 90.
  • the armature has an approximately cylindrical anchor rod 10, at the first, borehole side End 31, a head element 20 is attached.
  • the anchor rod 10 and the head element 20 are thereby butt connected via a Reibschweissjur 26.
  • the thread 21 On the outside of the cylindrical head element 20, a self-tapping external thread 21 is provided.
  • the thread 21 has an outer diameter d a , which is greater than the inner diameter d h of the borehole 91, that is, that thread 21 is in the rock 90, which surrounds the borehole 91, cut.
  • the anchor rod 10 in the borehole 91 is surrounded by an annular space 96.
  • This annular space 96 can be filled with a hardenable mass for additional securing of the armature, with the hardenable mass in particular being able to be introduced after the armature has been prestressed in the borehole 91.
  • the anchor rod 10 designed as an anchor tube in its interior an axially, ie in the longitudinal direction of the anchor rod 10 extending feed channel 15, which is shown in the figure with dashed lines.
  • this feed channel 15 opens at least one radially extending outlet bore 16, which is provided in the region of the first end 31 of the anchor rod 10, and which leads to the outside of the anchor rod 10.
  • the anchor rod 10 is provided with an external thread on which an anchor nut 40 is arranged.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to an anchor having a self-tapping thread and an anchor rod, wherein at least one axially extending feed channel for a hardenable mass is arranged in the anchor rod. According to the invention, it is provided that a head element, on which the self-tapping thread is arranged, is fixed to a first end of the anchor rod.

Description

Anker, insbesondere Gesteinsanker  Anchors, in particular rock anchors
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Anker, insbesondere einen Gesteinsanker, gemäss dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1. Ein solcher Anker ist ausgestattet mit einem selbstschneidenden Gewinde und einer Ankerstange, wobei in der Ankerstange zumindest ein axial verlaufender Zuführkanal für eine aushärtbare Masse angeordnet ist. The invention relates to an anchor, in particular a rock bolt, according to the preamble of claim 1. Such an anchor is equipped with a self-tapping thread and an anchor rod, wherein in the anchor rod at least one axially extending feed channel is arranged for a curable composition.
Im Miningbereich sind, beispielsweise aus der US 7 896 580 B, Anker mit Spreizköpfen bekannt. Die Spreizköpfe werden am erdseitigen Ende wie eine Hülse auf die Ankerstange (typischerweise ein Vollstab, selten ein Hohlstab) aufgebracht, insbesondere aufgeschraubt, und nach dem Einbau des Ankers durch Drehen oder Ziehen mit dem Berg verspreizt. In the mining area, anchors with spreading heads are known, for example from US Pat. No. 7,896,580 B. The Spreizköpfe be applied at the ground-side end as a sleeve on the anchor rod (typically a solid rod, rarely a hollow rod), in particular screwed, and after installation of the anchor by twisting or pulling with the mountain spreads.
Allerdings ist der Bohrlochdurchmesser, der für den Einbau eines Spreizkopfankers benötigt wird, häufig relativ groß, z. B. 32 bis 34 mm für eine 16 mm Ankerstange, was insbesondere an einem relativ komplexen und Platz beanspruchenden Aufbau des Spreizkopfes liegen kann. Unter Umständen kann es überdies Probleme beim Einschieben der relativ grossen Köpfe in das Bohrloch geben, insbesondere wenn das Bohrloch nicht völlig gerade oder nicht stabil ist. Darüber hinaus ist die Krafteinleitung eines Spreizkopfes durch seine prinzipielle Gestaltung, eventuell auch durch Toleranzschwankungen, häufig sehr punktuell, so dass unter Umständen - vor allem in schwacher Geologie - die aufnehmbaren Druckspannungen des umgebenden Gebirges überschritten werden können. Ferner sind Spreizköpfe im noch nicht eingebauten Zustand des Ankers unter Umständen nicht sehr robust, da sie aus mehreren Teilen zusammengesetzt sind, die häufig nur lose zusammenhängen. Erst nach Aktivierung der Spreizwirkung werden die Einzelkomponenten kraft- und formschlüssig zusammen gehalten. Dies kann unter Umständen dazu führen, dass die Spreizhülsen beim Transport der Anker unter Tage beschädigt werden. However, the borehole diameter required for the installation of a spreader bar anchor is often relatively large, e.g. B. 32 to 34 mm for a 16 mm anchor rod, which may be particularly on a relatively complex and space-demanding structure of the expansion head. In addition, there may be problems with the insertion of the relatively large heads into the borehole, in particular if the borehole is not completely straight or unstable. In addition, the force introduction of a spreading head by its basic design, possibly also by tolerance variations, often very punctually, so that under certain circumstances - especially in weak geology - the recordable compressive stresses of the surrounding mountains can be exceeded. Furthermore, spreader heads are in the not yet installed state of the anchor may not be very robust, since they are composed of several parts, which are often only loosely related. Only after activation of the spreading effect, the individual components are held together positively and positively. Under certain circumstances, this can cause the expansion sleeves to be damaged during transport of the anchors underground.
Es sind aus der DE 20 63 843 A und der DE 10 2010 002 214 A ferner Schrauben bekannt, die aus Vollmaterial gefertigt werden und punktförmig im Bohrlochtiefsten verankert werden. Aus der DE 10 2007 000 829 A ist ein Befestigungselement mit einem Ankerrohr bekannt, in dessen Inneren eine aushärtbare Masse angeordnet ist. Im Bohrloch wird die aushärtbare Masse ausgepresst und damit das Ankerrohr im Bohrloch gesichert. It is known from DE 20 63 843 A and DE 10 2010 002 214 A further known screws, which are made of solid material and anchored punctiform in the borehole deepest. From DE 10 2007 000 829 A a fastener with an anchor tube is known, in the interior of which a curable material is arranged. In the borehole, the hardenable mass is squeezed out, securing the anchor tube in the borehole.
Aus der DE 297 07 502 111 ist ein Schraub-Injektionsanker bekannt, der ein am unteren Ende mit einem Gewindeblatt versehenes Ankerrohr aufweist, das drehend in den Boden einbringbar ist, wobei ein hydraulischer Mörtel über das Ankerrohr und durch Öffnungen in der Rohrwand hindurch in den umgebenden Boden injizierbar ist. From DE 297 07 502 111, a screw-injection anchor is known, which has a threaded end at the bottom provided with an anchor tube, which is rotatably insertable into the soil, wherein a hydraulic mortar on the anchor tube and through openings in the tube wall into the surrounding soil is injectable.
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, einen Anker, insbesondere Gesteinsanker, anzugeben, der besonders einfach in der Handhabung, kostengünstig und zuverlässig ist. The object of the invention is to provide an anchor, in particular rock anchors, which is particularly easy to use, inexpensive and reliable.
Die Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäss durch einen Anker mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 gelöst. Bevorzugte Ausführungsformen sind in den abhängigen Ansprüchen angegeben. The object is achieved by an anchor with the features of claim 1. Preferred embodiments are given in the dependent claims.
Ein erfindungsgemässer Anker ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass an einem ersten, insbesondere erdseitigen, Ende der Ankerstange ein Kopfelement befestigt ist, an dem das selbstschneidende Gewinde angeordnet ist. An anchor according to the invention is characterized in that a head element, on which the self-tapping thread is arranged, is fastened to a first, in particular earth-side, end of the anchor rod.
Die Erfindung basiert auf einer Kombination eines reibschlüssig festlegbaren Schraubankers mit einem verklebten Anker und vereint somit die Vorteile eines klassischen Bergbau- Spreizkopfankers, der einen sofortigen Verbund im Fels zulässt, eines Schraubankersystems, das kleine Bohrlochdurchmesser zulässt und mit wenigen Bauteilen robust ausgeführt ist, und eines verklebten Verbundsystems. Ein erster Grundgedanke der Erfindung kann dabei darin gesehen werden, die wesentlichen Elemente des verklebten Verbundankers und die wesentlichen Elemente des Schraubankers jeweils an separaten Elementen vorzusehen: Während sich der Zuführkanal ausschliesslich in der Ankerstange befindet, ist das selbstschneidende Gewinde ausschliesslich an einem von der Ankerstange separaten Element, nämlich dem Kopfelement, angeordnet. Aufgrund dieser Trennung kann der Anker bei besonders hoher Zuverlässigkeit besonders günstig gefertigt werden. The invention is based on a combination of a frictionally fixable screw anchor with a glued anchor and thus combines the advantages of a classic mining Spreizkopfankers that allows an immediate bond in the rock, a Schraubankersystems that allows small hole diameter and robust with few components, and one bonded composite system. A first basic idea of the invention can be seen therein to provide the essential elements of the glued composite anchor and the essential elements of the screw anchor respectively on separate elements: While the supply channel is located exclusively in the anchor rod, the self-tapping thread is exclusively at one of the anchor rod separate Element, namely the head element, arranged. Because of this separation, the anchor can be made particularly favorable with particularly high reliability.
Vorzugsweise ist der Aussendurchmesser des am Kopfelement angeordneten Gewindes grösser als der Durchmesser der Ankerstange. Hierdurch werden ein zuverlässiger Setzvorgang des Ankers und eine definierte Krafteinleitung vor dem Einbringen der aushärtbaren Masse gewährleistet. Besonders bevorzugt ist es, dass der Kerndurchmesser des am Kopfelement angeordneten Gewindes grösser ist als der Durchmesser der Ankerstange. Bei dieser Ausführungsform kann das Kopfelement einen ringförmigen Axialanschlag bilden, der an der ausgehärteten Masse anliegt, so dass eine besonders gute Zugkrafteinleitung gegeben ist. Preferably, the outer diameter of the thread arranged on the head element is greater than the diameter of the anchor rod. This ensures a reliable setting process of the armature and a defined introduction of force before the introduction of the hardenable mass. It is particularly preferred that the core diameter of the thread arranged on the head element is greater than the diameter of the anchor rod. In this embodiment, the head member may form an annular axial stop which abuts the hardened mass is applied, so that a particularly good tensile force is given.
Weiterhin ist es besonders bevorzugt, dass der Zuführkanal und das Gewinde axial beabstandet sind. Hierdurch kann der Herstellungsaufwand noch weiter gesenkt werden, da in diesem Fall Ankerstange und Kopfelement geometrisch besonders einfach ausgeführt werden können. Grundsätzlich ist es aber auch möglich, den Zuführkanal und das Gewinde axial überlappend auszuführen, beispielsweise indem am Kopfelement eine Ausnehmung für die Ankerstange vorgesehen wird. Unter der Axialrichtung kann erfindungsgemäss die Längsrichtung des Ankers, insbesondere seiner Ankerstange, verstanden werden. Furthermore, it is particularly preferred that the feed channel and the thread are axially spaced. As a result, the production cost can be further reduced, since in this case anchor rod and head element can be geometrically very easily performed. In principle, however, it is also possible to perform the feed channel and the thread axially overlapping, for example by providing a recess for the anchor rod on the head element. According to the invention, the axial direction can be understood to mean the longitudinal direction of the armature, in particular its anchor rod.
Zweckmässigerweise ist nach der Erfindung in der Ankerstange zumindest eine, vorzugsweise radial verlaufende, Auslassbohrung vorgesehen, die vom Zuführkanal an die Aussen- seite der Ankerstange führt. Hierdurch kann der Ringraum um die Ankerstange in besonders einfacher und zuverlässiger Weise mit der aushärtbaren Masse befüllt werde. Die Auslassbohrung ist zweckmässigerweise kurz vor dem ersten Ende der Ankerstange, d.h. vor dem Ende, an dem sich das Kopfelement befindet, angeordnet. Dies kann insbesondere beinhalten, dass der Abstand zwischen der Auslassbohrung und dem ersten Ende kleiner ist als das 10-fache, 5-fache oder 1 -fache des Durchmessers der Ankerstange. Dies ist strömungsmechanisch besonders vorteilhaft. Es können auch zusätzliche Auslassbohrungen vorgesehen sein, deren Abstand zum ersten Ende grösser ist. Conveniently, at least one, preferably radially extending, outlet bore is provided according to the invention in the anchor rod, which leads from the feed channel to the outer side of the anchor rod. As a result, the annulus around the anchor rod will be filled in a particularly simple and reliable manner with the hardenable mass. The outlet bore is conveniently located just before the first end of the anchor rod, i. before the end, where the head element is located. This may in particular include that the distance between the outlet bore and the first end is less than 10 times, 5 times or 1 times the diameter of the anchor rod. This is fluidically particularly advantageous. It can also be provided additional outlet holes whose distance from the first end is greater.
Der konstruktive Aufwand kann dadurch weiter reduziert werden, dass der Zuführkanal durch das Kopfelement abgeschlossen ist. Demgemäss dient das Kopfelement nicht nur als Träger des Gewindes, sondern es hat auch strömungsmechanische Funktion, indem es den Zuführkanal an der Stirnseite der Ankerstange abdichtet. The design effort can be further reduced that the supply channel is completed by the head element. Accordingly, the head member not only serves as a carrier of the thread, but also has fluid mechanical function by sealing the feed channel at the end face of the anchor rod.
Insbesondere im Hinblick auf eine besonders gute Kraftaufnahme und den Herstellungsaufwand ist es vorteilhaft, dass das Kopfelement aus Vollmaterial besteht. Dies beinhaltet, dass das Kopfelement massiv ausgebildet ist. In particular, with regard to a particularly good power consumption and the production cost, it is advantageous that the head element consists of solid material. This implies that the head element is solid.
Die Ankerstange und/oder das Kopfelement bestehen vorzugsweise aus Metall, insbesondere Stahl. Die Ankerstange, die aufgrund des innen liegenden Zuführkanals auch als Ankerrohr bezeichnet werden kann, ist zweckmässigerweise stumpf mit dem Kopfelement verbunden. Beispielsweise im Hinblick auf die Fertigungskosten ist es vorteilhaft, dass die Ankerstange und das Kopfelement über eine Schweissverbindung, insbesondere über eine Reibschweissverbindung verbunden sind. Aufgrund der erfindungsgemässen Geometrie der einzelnen Teile ist eine solche Verbindung in besonders einfacher Art und Weise realisierbar. Anstelle einer Schweissverbindung ist auch eine Schraubverbindung möglich. The anchor rod and / or the head element are preferably made of metal, in particular steel. The anchor rod, which may also be referred to as an anchor tube due to the internal feed channel, is suitably butt-connected to the head element. For example, in view of the manufacturing costs, it is advantageous that the anchor rod and the head element are connected via a welded connection, in particular via a friction-welded connection. Due to the inventive geometry of individual parts such a connection in a particularly simple manner can be realized. Instead of a welded connection and a screw connection is possible.
Zum Vorspannen des Ankers oder/und zur Befestigung weiterer Elemente ist es vorteilhaft, dass an einem dem ersten Ende abgewandten Endbereich der Ankerstange eine Ankermutter angeordnet ist. For biasing the armature and / or for fastening further elements, it is advantageous that an anchor nut is arranged at an end region of the anchor rod facing away from the first end.
Die Erfindung betrifft auch den bestimmungsgemässen Einsatz des Ankers, bei dem der Anker in einem Gesteinsbohrloch aufgenommen ist, wobei das Gewinde des Kopfelementes in das Gesteinsbohrloch umgebendes Gestein eingedreht ist und die Ankerstange von einer ausgehärteten Masse umgeben ist. Das Gesteinsbohrloch kann zylindrisch oder als Stufenbohrung ausgebildet sein. Nach dem Einschrauben des Ankers in das vorgebohrte Bohrloch wird aushärtbare Masse (z.B. Zementmörtel) über den Zuführkanal im Inneren der Ankerstange eingebracht. Die Masse steigt bis in den Bereich des ersten Endes der Ankerstange, tritt dann über die zumindest eine radiale Auslassbohrung aus, und verfüllt den Ringraum im Bohrloch stetig nach unten, bis sie am Bohrlochmund wieder austritt. The invention also relates to the intended use of the anchor, in which the anchor is received in a rock hole, wherein the thread of the head element is screwed into the rock hole surrounding rock and the anchor rod is surrounded by a hardened mass. The rock hole can be cylindrical or formed as a stepped bore. After screwing the anchor into the pre-drilled wellbore, hardenable mass (e.g., cement mortar) is introduced via the feed channel inside the anchor rod. The mass rises to the area of the first end of the anchor rod, then exits via the at least one radial outlet bore, and steadily fills the annulus in the borehole down until it emerges again at the borehole mouth.
Erfindungsgemäss ist das selbstschneidende Gewinde ausschliesslich am Kopfelement vorgesehen und es erstreckt sich nicht auf die Ankerstange. Die Ankerstange kann an ihrer äusseren Mantelfläche glatt oder im Hinblick auf eine besonders gute Krafteinleitung in die ausgehärtete Masse auch profiliert ausgebildet sein. Sofern die Ankerstange an ihrer äusseren Mantelfläche profiliert ist, kann dieser Profilierung auch gewindeartig ausgebildet sein. Nach der Erfindung ist die gewindeartige Profilierung aber mit anderen Gewindeparametern ausgebildet als das selbstschneidende Gewinde am Kopfelement, ist diskontinuierlich zum selbstschneidenden Gewinde ausgebildet und/oder ist insbesondere nicht selbstschneidend. According to the invention, the self-tapping thread is provided exclusively on the head element and it does not extend to the anchor rod. The anchor rod may be formed on its outer lateral surface smooth or profiled in view of a particularly good introduction of force into the cured mass. If the anchor rod is profiled on its outer lateral surface, this profiling can also be formed thread-like. According to the invention, however, the thread-like profiling is formed with other thread parameters than the self-tapping thread on the head element, is formed discontinuously to the self-tapping thread and / or is in particular not self-tapping.
Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand eines bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiels näher erläutert, welches schematisch in der beiliegenden Figur dargestellt ist. Es zeigt schematisch: The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to a preferred embodiment, which is shown schematically in the accompanying figure. It shows schematically:
Figur 1 : Eine Seitenansicht eines erfindungsgemässen Ankers in einem Gesteinsbohrloch, wobei das Gestein, welches das Gesteinsbohrloch umgibt, geschnitten dargestellt ist. Figure 1: A side view of an inventive anchor in a rock well, the rock surrounding the rock well is shown cut.
Ein Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemässen Ankers ist in Figur 1 dargestellt. Der Anker ist in einem Gesteinsbohrloch 91 angeordnet, welches in Gestein 90 gebildet ist. Der Anker weist eine etwa zylindrische Ankerstange 10 auf, an deren ersten, bohrlochseitigen Ende 31 ein Kopfelement 20 befestigt ist. Die Ankerstange 10 und das Kopfelement 20 sind dabei stumpf über eine Reibschweissverbindung 26 verbunden. An embodiment of an inventive armature is shown in Figure 1. The anchor is disposed in a rock hole 91 formed in rock 90. The armature has an approximately cylindrical anchor rod 10, at the first, borehole side End 31, a head element 20 is attached. The anchor rod 10 and the head element 20 are thereby butt connected via a Reibschweissverbindung 26.
Aussenseitig am zylindrischen Kopfelement 20 ist ein selbstschneidendes Aussengewinde 21 vorgesehen. Das Gewinde 21 weist einen Aussendurchmesser da auf, der grösser ist als der Innendurchmesser dh des Bohrlochs 91 , das heisst dass Gewinde 21 ist in das Gestein 90, welches das Bohrloch 91 umgibt, eingeschnitten. On the outside of the cylindrical head element 20, a self-tapping external thread 21 is provided. The thread 21 has an outer diameter d a , which is greater than the inner diameter d h of the borehole 91, that is, that thread 21 is in the rock 90, which surrounds the borehole 91, cut.
Der Kerndurchmesser dk des Gewindes 21 , der durch die Mantelfläche des zylindrischen Kopfelements 20 definiert wird, ist grösser als der Aussendurchmesser dt der Ankerstange 10. Am Übergang zwischen der durchmesserkleineren Ankerstange 10 und dem durchmes- sergrösseren Kopfelement 20 eine Ringstufe 24 gebildet. The core diameter d k of the thread 21, which is defined by the lateral surface of the cylindrical head element 20, is larger than the outer diameter d t of the anchor rod 10. At the transition between the smaller diameter anchor rod 10 and the larger diameter head element 20 an annular step 24 is formed.
Da der Aussendurchmesser dt der Ankerstange 10 im Bohrloch 91 kleiner ist als der Innendurchmesser dh des Bohrlochs 91 , ist die Ankerstange 10 im Bohrloch 91 von einem Ringraum 96 umgeben. Dieser Ringraum 96 ist zur zusätzlichen Sicherung des Ankers mit einer aushärtbaren Masse verfüllbar, wobei die aushärtbare Masse insbesondere eingebracht werden kann, nachdem der Anker im Bohrloch 91 vorgespannt wurde. Zum Einbringen der aushärtbaren Masse in den Ringraum 96 weist die als Ankerrohr ausgebildete Ankerstange 10 in ihrem Inneren einen axial, d.h. in Längsrichtung der Ankerstange 10 verlaufenden Zuführkanal 15 auf, der in der Figur mit Strichlinien dargestellt ist. In diesen Zuführkanal 15 mündet zumindest eine radial verlaufende Auslassbohrung 16, die im Bereich des ersten Endes 31 der Ankerstange 10 vorgesehen ist, und die an die Aussenseite der Ankerstange 10 führt. Since the outer diameter d t of the anchor rod 10 in the borehole 91 is smaller than the inner diameter d h of the borehole 91, the anchor rod 10 in the borehole 91 is surrounded by an annular space 96. This annular space 96 can be filled with a hardenable mass for additional securing of the armature, with the hardenable mass in particular being able to be introduced after the armature has been prestressed in the borehole 91. For introducing the hardenable mass into the annular space 96, the anchor rod 10 designed as an anchor tube in its interior an axially, ie in the longitudinal direction of the anchor rod 10 extending feed channel 15, which is shown in the figure with dashed lines. In this feed channel 15 opens at least one radially extending outlet bore 16, which is provided in the region of the first end 31 of the anchor rod 10, and which leads to the outside of the anchor rod 10.
Am luftseitigen Endbereich 32 der Ankerstange 10, der dem ersten Ende 31 der Ankerstange gegenüberliegt, ist die Ankerstange 10 mit einem Aussengewinde versehen, an dem eine Ankermutter 40 angeordnet ist. At the air-side end region 32 of the anchor rod 10, which is opposite the first end 31 of the anchor rod, the anchor rod 10 is provided with an external thread on which an anchor nut 40 is arranged.

Claims

PATENTANSPRÜCHE
1. Anker mit einem selbstschneidenden Gewinde (21) und einer Ankerstange (10), wobei in der Ankerstange (10) zumindest ein axial verlaufender Zuführkanal (15) für eine aushärtbare Masse angeordnet ist, 1. anchor with a self-tapping thread (21) and an anchor rod (10), wherein in the anchor rod (10) at least one axially extending feed channel (15) is arranged for a hardenable mass,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,  characterized,
dass an einem ersten Ende (31) der Ankerstange (10) ein Kopfelement (20) befestigt ist, an dem das selbstschneidende Gewinde (21) angeordnet ist.  a head element (20), on which the self-tapping thread (21) is arranged, is fastened to a first end (31) of the anchor rod (10).
2. Anker nach Anspruch 1 , 2. An anchor according to claim 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,  characterized,
dass der Kerndurchmesser des am Kopfelement (20) angeordneten Gewindes (21) grösser ist als der Durchmesser der Ankerstange (10).  the core diameter of the thread (21) arranged on the head element (20) is greater than the diameter of the anchor rod (10).
3. Anker nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, 3. An anchor according to one of the preceding claims,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,  characterized,
dass der Zuführkanal (15) und das Gewinde (21) axial beabstandet sind.  the feed channel (15) and the thread (21) are axially spaced.
4. Anker nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, 4. An anchor according to one of the preceding claims,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,  characterized,
dass in der Ankerstange (10) zumindest eine Auslassbohrung (16) vorgesehen ist, die vom Zuführkanal (15) an die Aussenseite der Ankerstange (10) führt.  in that at least one outlet bore (16), which leads from the feed channel (15) to the outside of the anchor rod (10), is provided in the anchor rod (10).
5. Anker nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, 5. Anchor according to one of the preceding claims,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,  characterized,
dass der Zuführkanal (15) durch das Kopfelement (20) abgeschlossen ist.  the feed channel (15) is closed by the head element (20).
6. Anker nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, 6. An anchor according to one of the preceding claims,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,  characterized,
dass die Ankerstange (10) und das Kopfelement (20) über eine Schweissverbindung, insbesondere über eine Reibschweissverbindung (26) verbunden sind.  in that the anchor rod (10) and the head element (20) are connected via a welded connection, in particular via a friction-welded connection (26).
7. Anker nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, 7. An anchor according to one of the preceding claims,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,  characterized,
dass Kopfelement (20) aus Vollmaterial besteht. Anker nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, that head element (20) consists of solid material. Anchor according to one of the preceding claims,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, characterized,
dass an einem dem ersten Ende (31) abgewandten Endbereich (32) der Ankerstange (10) eine Ankermutter (40) angeordnet ist. in that an anchor nut (40) is arranged on an end region (32) of the anchor rod (10) facing away from the first end (31).
Anker nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, Anchor according to one of the preceding claims,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, characterized,
dass der Anker in einem Gesteinsbohrloch (91) aufgenommen ist, wobei das Gewinde (21) des Kopfelementes (20) in das Bohrloch (91) umgebendes Gestein (90) eingedreht ist und die Ankerstange (10) von einer ausgehärteten Masse umgeben ist. that the anchor is received in a rock hole (91), wherein the thread (21) of the head element (20) into the borehole (91) surrounding rock (90) is screwed and the anchor rod (10) is surrounded by a hardened mass.
EP12772961.4A 2011-11-28 2012-10-17 Anchor, especially a rock anchor Not-in-force EP2785975B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102011087178A DE102011087178A1 (en) 2011-11-28 2011-11-28 Anchors, in particular rock anchors
PCT/EP2012/070546 WO2013079254A2 (en) 2011-11-28 2012-10-17 Anchor, especially a rock anchor

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EP2785975A2 true EP2785975A2 (en) 2014-10-08
EP2785975B1 EP2785975B1 (en) 2017-07-12

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US (1) US9664042B2 (en)
EP (1) EP2785975B1 (en)
KR (1) KR20140094027A (en)
DE (1) DE102011087178A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2013079254A2 (en)

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US20190358335A1 (en) 2017-01-12 2019-11-28 Alan J. Russell Stomach acid-stable and mucin-binding protein-polymer conjugates

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2785975B1 (en) 2017-07-12
US9664042B2 (en) 2017-05-30
WO2013079254A2 (en) 2013-06-06
DE102011087178A1 (en) 2013-05-29
WO2013079254A3 (en) 2013-12-05
US20140334885A1 (en) 2014-11-13
KR20140094027A (en) 2014-07-29

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