EP2773514B1 - Optisch variables sicherheitselement - Google Patents

Optisch variables sicherheitselement Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2773514B1
EP2773514B1 EP12787372.7A EP12787372A EP2773514B1 EP 2773514 B1 EP2773514 B1 EP 2773514B1 EP 12787372 A EP12787372 A EP 12787372A EP 2773514 B1 EP2773514 B1 EP 2773514B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
security element
recording layer
laser
layer
motif
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP12787372.7A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2773514A1 (de
Inventor
Annett Bähr
Michael Rahm
André Gregarek
Georg Depta
Walter DÖRFLER
Harald Reiner
Simon Freutsmiedl
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Giesecke and Devrient GmbH
Original Assignee
Giesecke and Devrient GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Giesecke and Devrient GmbH filed Critical Giesecke and Devrient GmbH
Priority to PL12787372T priority Critical patent/PL2773514T3/pl
Publication of EP2773514A1 publication Critical patent/EP2773514A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2773514B1 publication Critical patent/EP2773514B1/de
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/20—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof characterised by a particular use or purpose
    • B42D25/29—Securities; Bank notes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/40—Manufacture
    • B42D25/405—Marking
    • B42D25/43—Marking by removal of material
    • B42D25/435—Marking by removal of material using electromagnetic radiation, e.g. laser
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/20—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof characterised by a particular use or purpose
    • B42D25/21—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof characterised by a particular use or purpose for multiple purposes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/30—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
    • B42D25/36—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery comprising special materials
    • B42D25/373—Metallic materials
    • B42D2035/20—
    • B42D2035/44—
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/30—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
    • B42D25/324—Reliefs

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an optically variable security element for security papers, documents of value and other data carriers having a substantially transparent carrier with opposite first and second major surfaces, an arrangement of microlenses arranged on the first main surface of the carrier and a laser-sensitive recording layer arranged on the second main surface of the carrier.
  • the invention also relates to a method for producing such a security element and a data carrier with such a security element.
  • Data carriers such as valuables or identity documents, but also other valuables, such as branded goods, are often provided with security elements for the purpose of security, which permit verification of the authenticity of the data carrier and at the same time serve as protection against unauthorized reproduction.
  • Security elements with viewing-angle-dependent effects play a special role in the authentication of authenticity since they can not be reproduced even with the most modern copiers.
  • the security elements are thereby equipped with optically variable elements that give the viewer a different image impression under different viewing angles and, for example, show a different color or brightness impression and / or another graphic motif depending on the viewing angle.
  • ID cards such as credit cards or identity cards have long been personalized by laser engraving.
  • personalization by laser engraving the optical properties of the substrate material are irreversibly changed by suitable guidance of a laser beam in the form of a desired marking.
  • a laser marking makes it possible to combine the individualization of the data carriers with security elements and to integrate them more freely into the print image than with conventional individualizations, for example in the case of known coding methods.
  • the publication EP 0 219 012 A1 describes a badge with a partial lenticular structure. This lens structure inscribes information into the card at different angles with a laser. This information can then be detected only at this angle, so that when tilting the map, the different information appear.
  • the publication WO 2005/052650 A2 relates to a sheet material in which a regular two-dimensional array of non-cylindrical lenses is used to magnify microimages and form a synthetically magnified image by the combined performance of a plurality of individual lens and microimage imaging systems.
  • the micro-optical magnification system can also be used in conjunction with printed information present on the lenses.
  • the present invention seeks to provide a security element of the type mentioned above with an attractive visual appearance and high security against counterfeiting.
  • Microlenses are lenses whose size is below the resolution limit of the naked eye.
  • the microlenses are preferably spherical or aspherical and, for example, in the case of banknotes, advantageously have a diameter between 5 ⁇ m and 100 ⁇ m, preferably between 10 ⁇ m and 50 ⁇ m, particularly preferably between 15 ⁇ m and 20 ⁇ m.
  • the microlenses can also be larger and, for example, have a diameter between 100 .mu.m and 300 .mu.m. In all designs, the microlenses can also be designed as cylindrical lenses.
  • the recess or the recesses form in all embodiments with advantage a motif in the form of patterns, characters or a coding.
  • the recesses are preferably visible to the naked eye and in particular have a dimension between 0.5 mm and 3 cm.
  • the distance between the cover layer and the recording layer is given by the thickness of the support and substantially corresponds to the focal length of the uncoated microlenses.
  • the micro-marks are formed by micro-holes in the recording layer, in particular by substantially circular micro-holes or by pattern-shaped micro-holes.
  • the exact shape of the micro-tags or microholes depends in particular from the shape of the microlenses (spherical, aspherical, cylindrical) and, as described below, also from the angle of incidence of the laser radiation.
  • the micro-indicia may also be in blackened or not blackened changes in the visual appearance of the recording layer.
  • the micro-marks may be formed by a color change or removal of the laser-sensitive recording layer.
  • the removal of the laser-sensitive recording layer also includes only a partial removal, which optically corresponds to a brightening.
  • the color change or removal of the recording layer may be due to thermal, photochemical or mixed processes.
  • the microdischarges have a reduced opacity and are formed in extreme cases by said microholes. For incident light effects, a reduced opacity is not absolutely necessary, where the change may, for example, also consist in a blackening.
  • the micro-flags are each smaller than the associated microlenses.
  • the area ratio of micro-mark and associated microlens may be below 1.0 or below 0.5, below 0.2, or even below 0.1.
  • circular microholes may have a diameter between 1 ⁇ m and 15 ⁇ m, between 1.5 ⁇ m and 5 ⁇ m, and in particular between 2 ⁇ m and 3 ⁇ m.
  • the security element is semitransparent in the area of the recesses and the opposing microviscosity, in particular with a light transmission between 20% and 90%.
  • the light transmission of the security element is in any case significantly higher in the region of the recesses than in the areas still provided with the covering layer, which are typically opaque or have a light transmittance of less than 15%, in particular less than 10%.
  • the security element has a conspicuous see-through effect, as described in more detail below.
  • the microdischarges are introduced in preferred embodiments of at least two different directions with laser radiation through the microlens array in the recording layer.
  • the micro-markers are then each substantially recognizable from the viewing directions under which they were introduced in the generation.
  • the micro-identifiers can be recognized from at least two different viewing directions, so that tilting or alternating images can be generated.
  • the visible from different viewing directions motifs can be in a sense and, for example, as in a flip book represent a sequence of images that runs when tilting the security element in front of the eye of the beholder. If a certain proportion of the motifs remain unchanged at all viewing angles, this area can also be implemented as a gap area in the recording layer.
  • the insertion angle and thus also the viewing angle can also vary continuously over the extent of a recess, with variations in one or in two spatial directions being considered.
  • the degree of transparency and thus the brightness changes in transmitted light, continuously with the viewing angle, as described in more detail below.
  • the cover layer in addition to the recesses produced by the action of laser radiation, also has gap areas which extend over a plurality of microlenses and which are not in the register with directly opposite microd marks.
  • Such gap regions can be generated, for example, before the generation of the micro-markings by a large-area removal of the covering layer, for example by a washing process or an etching process.
  • the recesses in this variant of the invention form a first motif in the form of patterns, characters or a coding.
  • further micro-codes produced by the action of laser radiation in the recording layer which form a second motif in the form of patterns, characters or a coding.
  • These further micro-identifiers are each associated with a microlens, are preferably smaller than the associated microlens and are visible when viewing the security element by the associated microlens. They may also have the further properties mentioned for the first micro-license plates, in particular with regard to the shape and size of the micro-license plates.
  • the recording layer has, in addition to the microdischarges generated by the action of laser radiation, gap regions whose dimensions are greater than the dimension of the microlenses and which are not in the register with directly opposite recesses. Such gaps in the recording layer can also be produced, for example, by a washing process.
  • Those subregions of the recesses which lie above the recording layer in this variant of the invention, with particular advantage form a first motif in the form of patterns, characters or an encoding, and those subregions of the recesses which lie over the gap regions form a second motif in the form of patterns , Characters or a coding.
  • both the first and the second motif are recognizable and the two motifs complement each other to form an overall motif.
  • the first motif is not recognizable in reflected light, for example when the cover layer and the recording layer are chosen to be the same color.
  • the cover layer has, in addition to the recesses produced by the action of laser radiation Gap areas that extend over several microlenses and that are not in the register with directly opposite micro-marks. Immediately opposite to these gap areas of the cover layer congruent gap areas are provided in the recording layer. The gap areas in the cover layer and the recording layer are thereby generated with advantage by laser exposure simultaneously by the same laser steel. For this purpose, compared to the production of microholes described elsewhere, the laser energy is increased so much that not only the covering layer but also the recording layer is completely removed.
  • the recesses form a first motif in the form of patterns, characters or a coding
  • the gap regions of the covering layer form a second motif in the form of patterns, characters or an encoding.
  • the second motif is then recognizable, while in transmitted light viewing the first and second motif are recognizable and complement the two motifs to a total motif.
  • the security element at the same time contains a micro-optical representation arrangement, in particular a moiré magnification arrangement, a moiré-type micro-optical magnification arrangement or a modulo magnification arrangement.
  • a micro-optical representation arrangement in particular a moiré magnification arrangement, a moiré-type micro-optical magnification arrangement or a modulo magnification arrangement.
  • the recording layer preferably contains, in addition to the microdischarges, a motif image which is divided into a plurality of cells, in each of which imaged areas of a predetermined third motif are arranged, wherein the microlens array forms a microlens grid that, upon viewing the motif image, reconstructs the third motif from the imaged areas located in the cells.
  • the recording layer, the cover layer or both layers are opaque.
  • the recording layer and / or the cover layer can be formed by an opaque metal layer or contain an opaque metal layer.
  • the term metal also includes metal alloys.
  • opaque metal layers for example, layers of aluminum, copper, chromium, silver, gold or an Al-Cu alloy into consideration.
  • aluminum is selected as the material for the covering layer and copper as the material for the recording layer.
  • the cover layer and the recording layer should appear to be the same color. In this case, the same material or color-like materials are chosen for both layers.
  • thin-film elements with a color-shift effect are also suitable for the cover layer and the recording layer.
  • Such thin-film elements typically consist of an absorber layer, a dielectric spacer layer and a metallic reflector layer.
  • the reflector layer is made thin enough so that it can be provided by the laser radiation with the desired recesses or micro holes.
  • the recording layer, the cover layer or both layers are semitransparent, preferably each with a light transmission between 20% and 90%, in particular between 40% and 80%.
  • the recording layer, the covering layer or both layers are formed by a laser-sensitive ink layer.
  • the said possibilities can also be combined with one another, that is to say, for example, the recording layer can be formed by a laser-sensitive ink layer and the covering layer can be formed by an opaque metal layer.
  • the covering layer is a transparent layer which changes the radius of curvature of the microlenses by at least 50%, in particular a transparent layer which levels the microlenses.
  • the recording layer in this variant of the invention may be opaque or semi-transparent.
  • the refractive index of the transparent layer is expediently of the order of magnitude of the refractive index of the microlenses and in particular differs therefrom by less than 0.3, preferably by less than 0.15.
  • the microdischarges are formed by microholes in the recording layer and that a reflection layer or a print layer is arranged on the recording layer.
  • the microholes advantageously have in this embodiment a slightly larger diameter of more than 5 ⁇ m, in particular of more than 10 ⁇ m.
  • the reflection layer or the print layer has no microholes.
  • the security element then shows in reflected light a tilting image in which the motif formed by the plurality of microholes from a certain viewing angle in reflection or reflected light is visible and disappears when tilting the security element.
  • the invention further comprises a data carrier, in particular a value document, such as a banknote, a passport, a document, an identity card or the like, which is equipped with a security element of the type described.
  • a data carrier in particular a value document, such as a banknote, a passport, a document, an identity card or the like, which is equipped with a security element of the type described.
  • the security element may be arranged in an advantageous variant of the invention, in particular in or over a window area or a through opening of the data carrier.
  • the data carrier contains a data carrier substrate which has a marking region produced by the action of laser radiation, which adjoins at least one of the cutouts of the security element produced by laser radiation and is in register therewith.
  • the marking area the visual appearance of the data carrier substrate is changed.
  • color components or metallic substances can be removed from the data carrier substrate by the action of the laser radiation, or the data carrier substrate can be foamed. In the latter case, a tactile marking is added to visually change the appearance. Due to the adjusted arrangement of recess and marking area, the security element is connected in a visually and optionally also mechanically detectable manner closely with the data carrier.
  • the registered arrangement is made possible by the creation of recess and marking area in the same operation with the same laser beam.
  • the data carrier thus connected to the security element has an increased security against counterfeiting, since the security element, after a detachment from the Disk can not be re-fit. A manipulation of the data carrier is therefore readily apparent to non-professionals.
  • the recess and the marking area may together constitute overall information, such as a contiguous graphical representation or a continuous alphanumeric string.
  • the security element is semitransparent depending on the direction of view, so that the part of the total information lying in the recess is only visible from certain angles.
  • the part of the total information lying in the marking area of the data carrier substrate is always visible. When tilting the data carrier therefore only a part of the total information is visible from some points of view, which complements the complete total information from other points of view.
  • micro-indices may each be made smaller than the associated microlenses.
  • the micro-marks are generated from at least two different directions through the microlens array in the recording layer.
  • color components or metallic substances are preferably removed from the data carrier substrate in the marking region or the data carrier substrate is foamed.
  • the generation of the recess and of the plurality of micro-labels is carried out with a first set of laser parameter sets, and the generation of the marking region is performed with a second, different set of laser parameter sets.
  • a process management takes into account the fact that the generation of the recesses and micro-marks may require different laser parameters, for example a different laser energy, than the generation of the marking area.
  • the laser parameters of the laser beam are thereby switched over between the first and second laser parameter set at the locations where the marking area adjoins a recess of the covering layer. This switching can take place practically instantaneously, so that a precisely defined change of the laser parameters is achieved. Due to the uninterrupted beam guidance, despite the variation of the laser parameters, a matched arrangement of recess and marking area is achieved.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of a banknote 10 with an optically variable security element 12 according to the invention, which is arranged above a through-opening 14 of the banknote 10.
  • the security element 12 appears semitransparent in partial regions 16 in transmitted light and, due to its application over the opening 14, can be viewed both from its front side and from its rear side in reflected light as well as in transmitted light.
  • the security element 12 shows different visual appearances from these different viewing directions, as explained in more detail below.
  • FIG. 2 schematically shows the layer structure of the security element 12 according to the invention in cross section, wherein only the parts of the layer structure required for the explanation of the principle of operation are shown.
  • the security element 12 includes a substantially transparent support 20, which is typically formed by a transparent plastic film, such as an about 20 micron thick polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film.
  • PET polyethylene terephthalate
  • the carrier 20 has opposing first and second major surfaces, the first major surface 22 being provided with an array of microlenses 26.
  • the microlenses 26 are regularly arranged in the form of a microlens grid and form on the surface of the carrier film a two-dimensional Bravais grid with a preselected symmetry.
  • the Bravais lattice of the microlenses 26 may, for example, have a hexagonal lattice symmetry or a lower symmetry, such as the symmetry of a parallelogram lattice.
  • the spherically or aspherically configured microlenses 26 preferably have a diameter between 15 .mu.m and 30 .mu.m and are therefore not visible to the naked eye.
  • the thickness of the carrier 20 and the curvature of the microlenses 26 are matched to one another such that the focal length of the microlenses 26 substantially corresponds to the thickness of the carrier 20.
  • the microlens grid of the first main surface 22 is provided with an opaque, laser-sensitive cover layer 28, which is formed in the embodiment by a 50 nm thick aluminum layer.
  • one or more recesses 30 were introduced by the action of laser radiation, which form a first motif in the form of patterns, characters or a coding.
  • the recesses 30 extend over several, typically even over several thousand Microlenses 26, since the recesses 30 are visible to the naked eye and therefore typically have dimensions of several millimeters.
  • the security element 12 described has only a single recess 30 with the shape of a maple leaf 16. If the recess 30 has an area of 50 mm 2 , for example, it extends over a range of approximately 80,000 to 100,000 microlenses with a lens diameter of 25 ⁇ m. It is therefore understood that the size ratios of microlenses and recesses in the figures can only be greatly exaggerated.
  • a laser-sensitive recording layer 32 is arranged, which is formed in the embodiment by a 60 nm thick copper layer.
  • microholes 36 having a diameter of 2 ⁇ m to 3 ⁇ m were introduced.
  • microholes instead of microholes, other microdischarges, such as color-changed regions in a color layer, may also be used.
  • the recesses 30 and the opposing microholes 36 are simultaneously produced in the same operation and by the same laser beam in the same operation as described in more detail below, so that the recesses and the microholes have no register tolerances with respect to one another.
  • the multiplicity 34 of the microholes in the recording layer 32 is thereby arranged on the carrier 20 in register, directly opposite the recesses 30 of the cover layer 28.
  • the microlens grid present on the carrier 20 is first coated with a continuous, 50 nm-thick aluminum layer 28, as in FIG Fig. 3 (a) shown.
  • the second main surface 24 is coated with a continuous, 60 nm thick copper layer 32. At these layer thicknesses, both the aluminum layer 28 and the copper layer 32 are opaque. Due to the aluminum coating 28, the microlenses 26 in the coated areas are no longer effective optically.
  • the thus coated carrier 20 is then exposed from the side of the first main surface 22 ago with laser radiation 40, for example, with the radiation of a Nd: YAG, Nd: YVO 4 - or fiber laser applied and the aluminum layer 28 in the form of desired recesses 30.
  • the laser beam 40 can be pre-focused.
  • the removal of the aluminum layer 28 restores the optical efficiency of the microlenses 26 in the region of the recesses 30. If a laser energy which is higher than the energy required for demetallizing the aluminum layer 28 is used in the laser application, a residual energy still remains after removal, which is focused on the recording layer 32 by the now optically effective microlenses 26, as in FIG Fig. 3 (b) indicated by the reference numeral 42.
  • the residual energy is not so high that the recording layer 32 under the microlenses 26 is completely ablated, but is sufficient to produce in the recording layer 32 microholes 36 whose dimensions are smaller than those of the associated microlenses 26.
  • each of the microholes 36 is associated with a microlens 26, by which the micro-hole 36 is generated when exposed to laser, and by the micro-hole 36 at the later Viewing the security element is visible.
  • the multiplicity 34 of the microholes 36 is thus produced with register accuracy and exclusively in the region of the respectively opposite recesses 30. Due to the small dimensions of the microlenses 26 of only 20 to 30 microns is also ensured that the range of the recesses 30 from the normal viewing distance of 20 to 30 cm is congruent with the provided with the plurality of micro-holes 36 region 34.
  • FIG. 4 shows the visual appearance of the security element 12 thus produced as viewed from the side of the first major surface 22 (front side), FIG Fig. 4 (a) the appearance in reflected light, ie in reflection, and Fig. 4 (b) the appearance in transmitted light, ie in transmission shows.
  • the silvery shining cover layer 28 of aluminum dominates the appearance.
  • the cover layer 28 is removed and the viewer sees there the copper color of the recording layer 32.
  • the microholes 36 in the recording layer 32 are not or hardly recognizable in the reflected light because of their small size with the naked eye, so that the recording layer 32nd appears as a continuous metal layer. The observer thus sees in the reflected light a copper-colored maple leaf 16 in front of a silver-colored background, as in Fig. 4 (a) illustrated.
  • the security element 12 When viewed in transmitted light, the security element 12 appears outside the recess 30 because of the opaque cover layer 28 dark.
  • the recording layer 32 is semitransparent through the plurality 34 of the microholes 36 depending on the direction of view. Since the microholes 36 in this viewing direction through the microlenses 26th The microholes 36 are each seen substantially from the viewing angle at which they were introduced during generation by the laser beam 40. Moreover, around this central viewing angle, the microholes 36 can be seen in a certain angular range, which depends mainly on the diameter of the microholes 36.
  • the lens properties in particular from the focal length of the microlenses at the laser wavelength, the thickness of the carrier 20, the laser energy used and the layer thickness of the recording layer 32.
  • the microholes 36 of the described embodiment were generated under normal incidence of the laser radiation 40, as in FIG Fig. 3 shown.
  • the microholes 36 are therefore also visible when the security element 12 is viewed vertically through the microlenses 26, so that the region of the recess 30 appears semitransparent from this viewing angle in the transmitted light. The viewer then sees a brightly glowing maple leaf 16 against a dark background, as in Fig. 4 (b) illustrated.
  • FIG. 5 shows the visual appearance of the security element 12 as viewed from the side of the second main surface 24 (back), wherein Fig. 5 (a) the appearance in reflected light and Fig. 5 (b) the appearance illustrated in transmitted light.
  • the security element 12 When viewed in transmitted light, the security element 12 appears outside the recess 30 because of the opaque recording layer 32 dark.
  • the recording layer 32 appears to be semitransparent through the plurality 34 of the microholes 36 in a wide angular range.
  • the microholes 36 are not viewed through microlenses 26 in the rear-side view. Rather, the microlenses 26 collect the light incident from the first major surface 22 and focus it on the microholes 36 to provide a wide range of angles below which microholes 36 appear bright on the back surface. The viewer thus sees a brightly glowing maple leaf 16 against a dark background, as in Fig. 5 (b) illustrated.
  • the microholes have been introduced into the recording layer only from a single direction, namely, from a direction perpendicular to the major surfaces 22, 24.
  • the microholes of security elements according to the invention are produced from at least two different directions through the microlens grid in the recording layer. So shows Fig. 6 an embodiment in which the laser radiation 40 at the creation of a recess 30 'at an angle ⁇ with the vertical 44 includes.
  • the recess 30 ' is virtually indistinguishable from a recess 30 formed under perpendicular loading, but the microholes 36' produced in the recording layer 32 are shifted out of the center of the lens.
  • microholes 36 By creating microholes 36 with different viewing angles ⁇ , regions can thus be created which are semitransparent in transmitted light from respectively different angles, so that a tilted image is produced.
  • the microholes 36, 36 'in this case within a recess 30, 30' each have a constant viewing angle ⁇ 30 , ⁇ 30 ' , while the viewing angles of different recesses 30, 30' differ, ie ⁇ 30 ⁇ ⁇ 30 ' , In other configurations, there are already several microholes within a recess 30, which are visible from different spatial directions.
  • the insertion angle and thus also the viewing angle ⁇ varies continuously over the extent of the recesses 30 in one or even in two spatial directions.
  • Such a continuous change can be realized for example by a suitable deflection system for the laser radiation.
  • the expression of semi-transparency changes when viewed in transmitted light then when tilting the security element within the recess 30 continuously.
  • the front of the security element In transmitted light, the left side of the maple leaf 16 then appears very bright, since the observer sees the microholes 36 inserted through the microlenses 26 at a vertical angle there.
  • the brightness decreases continuously toward the right edge of the maple leaf 16, since the microlenses 26 focus more and more on the edge or outer regions of the microholes 36 as the angle ⁇ increases.
  • the brightness decreases continuously toward the left edge of the maple leaf 16, since the microlenses 26 now focus more and more on the edge or outer regions of the microholes 36 as the angle ⁇ decreases.
  • FIG. 7 schematically in cross section and in Fig. 8 illustrated with its visual appearance in reflected light and transmitted light.
  • the cover layer 28 in addition to the recesses 30 already described and produced by the action of laser radiation, has gap regions 52 which extend over a multiplicity of microlenses, but which are not matched with directly opposite microholes 36.
  • These gap regions 52 can be produced, for example, by demetallizing with a washing process before the laser application to produce the recesses 30.
  • a soluble washing ink in the form of the desired Demetallmaschines Symposiumes is preferably printed on the carrier 20 prior to metallization, and the washing paint after metallization washed with this by a solvent. Further details of such a washing process can the document WO 99/13157 are removed, the disclosure of which is included in the present application in this respect.
  • the gap area 52 occupies the lower half of the security element 50, as in FIG Fig. 8 (a) shown.
  • the gap regions 52 can be formed in the form of random patterns, characters or codes.
  • the recesses 30 now form a first motif, which in the embodiment shown is given by the upper half of the number sequence "10" ( Fig. 8 (a) ).
  • a multiplicity 54 of microholes 56 were likewise created by laser application, forming a second motif, which in the present case is just formed by the lower half of the number sequence "10". Since a larger proportion of the laser energy arrives at the recording layer 32 in the gap region 52, the microholes 56 may have a slightly larger diameter than the microholes 36. In order to avoid this variation, the laser energy in the gap region 52 can be suitably reduced.
  • FIG. 8 shows the visual appearance of the security element 50 thus created viewed from the side of the first major surface 22.
  • the security element 50 When viewed in transmitted light then appear both the first motif of the recesses 30 and second motif 54 due to the included microholes 36 and 56 depending on the direction of view semitransparent, as related to Fig. 4 (b) explained. Outside these areas, however, the security element 50 is opaque because the viewer is looking either at the opaque capping layer 28 or at the same opaque recording layer 32. The difference in color between the copper-colored recording layer 32 and the silver-colored cover layer 28 occurs in the transmitted light strongly in the background and is not or hardly recognizable in the rule. For the observer, therefore, the first motif 30 and the second motif 54 complement each other to form a bright overall motif in the form of the numerical sequence "10" in front of a uniformly dark background, as in Fig. 8 (b) illustrated.
  • Gaps 62 may also be provided in the recording layer 32 instead of in the cover layer 28, as shown in FIGS. 9 and 10 illustrated, show a security element according to the invention 60 schematically in cross-section and the visual appearance in front and back viewing in reflected light and transmitted light.
  • the recording layer 32 has, in addition to the microholes 36 already described and produced by the action of laser radiation, gap regions 62 whose dimensions are greater than the dimension of the microlenses 26 and which are not matched with directly opposite recesses 30. These gap regions 62 may be generated, for example, by demetallizing with a washing process prior to the laser application to produce the microholes 36. In the embodiment shown, the gap area 62 occupies the lower half of the security element 60, as in FIG Fig. 10 (a) shown. On the other hand, in the upper half 64 of the security element 60, there is a recording layer 32. Basically, the gap regions 62 may be in the form of any patterns, characters or encodings.
  • the laser 60 has been applied to the security element 60 after the gap regions 62 have been formed in the recording layer 32, as described above, to simultaneously and accurately create recesses 30 in the cap layer 28 and microholes 36 in the recording layer 32. In the gap regions 62, no additional microholes 36 can be created.
  • FIG. 10 shows the visual appearance of the security element 60 thus produced.
  • the silvery aluminum cover layer 28 When viewing the front side in incident light (FIG. Fig. 10 (a) ) determined outside the recesses 30, the silvery aluminum cover layer 28 the appearance.
  • the cover layer 28 In the first portion 74 of the recesses 30, the cover layer 28 is removed and the viewer sees there the copper color of the recording layer 32.
  • both cover layer 28 and recording layer 32 are removed, where the viewer sees under the security element 60th located underground.
  • the first portion 74 of the recesses 30 appear semitransparent, as described above, because of the microholes 36 containing the view direction.
  • the second portion 72 of the recesses 30 appears transparent, since there is no recording layer 32 there.
  • the security element 60 appears semitransparent in the upper half 64 in the portion 74 of the recesses by the plurality of microholes 36 in the recording layer 32 in a wide angular range.
  • the second portion 72 of the recesses 30 appears transparent, since there is no recording layer 32 there.
  • the Fig. 10 When a silver-colored aluminum layer is selected as the recording layer 82, the cover layer 28 and the recording layer 82 are almost the same color.
  • the first portions 74 of the recesses 30, in which the recording layer 82 is visible can not be distinguished from the surrounding cover layer 28, as in FIG Fig. 11 (a) shown. The viewer therefore only recognizes the lower half of the overall motif.
  • the first motif of the first partial regions 74 then complements the second motif of the second partial regions 72 to form the complete digit sequence "10", as in FIG Fig. 11 (b) shown.
  • the recording layer 82 and the cover layer 28 located outside the portions 72 of the recesses 30 appear in incident light of the same color as in FIG Fig. 11 (c) shown. Therefore, the observer also recognizes only the lower half of the overall motif from the rear side. In transmitted light, the first motif of the first partial regions 74 then complements the second motif of the second partial regions 72 to form the complete digit sequence "10", as in FIG Fig. 11 (d) shown.
  • the described effects can be combined with a micro-optical representation arrangement, in particular a moiré magnification arrangement, a moiré-type micro-optical magnification arrangement or a modulo magnification arrangement, as in the exemplary embodiment of FIG Fig. 12 illustrated.
  • the recording layer 92 of the security element 90 contains, in addition to the microholes 36 already described, a grid-shaped arrangement of micromotif elements 94.
  • the arrangement of the micromotif elements 94 forms like the arrangement of the microlenses 26 a grid with a preselected symmetry, wherein the tuning of the microlens grid and the grid of the micromotif elements 94, a desired moire magnification effect and characteristic motion effects are generated.
  • the Bravais grating of the grating cells of the micromotif elements 94 differs slightly in its orientation and / or in the size of its grating parameters from the Bravais grating of the microlenses 26, as in FIG Fig.
  • these moiré effects are visible only in the region of the recesses 30 or gaps 52 of the cover layer 28. If the same material or materials of the same color are chosen for the covering layer 28 and the recording layer 92, then only the moire effects are visible in the incident light in the regions 30, 52.
  • the laser-sensitive cover layer and the laser-sensitive recording layer were each formed by opaque metal layers for illustration. Both the cover layer as However, for example, the recording layer may also be formed by a thin-film element having a color-shift effect, as stated above.
  • the cover layer and / or the recording layer can also be formed semitransparent and in particular have a light transmission between 20% and 90%. If the cover layer 28 is semitransparent, for example, the moiré effect of Fig. 12 also be seen outside of the recesses 30 with reduced brightness. If both the covering layer 28 and the recording layer 32 are semitransparent, then the security element also has a certain residual transparency outside the recesses and gaps. This can be particularly advantageous if the security element as in Fig. 1 is arranged above an opening 14 or a window area of a value document. Shape and outline of the opening 14 are then visible in transmitted light.
  • the cover layer 28 may also be formed by a laser-sensitive transparent coating 100, as in FIG Fig. 13 illustrated.
  • the coating 100 may be, for example, an IR lacquer which is substantially transparent in the visible spectral range, but strongly absorbs the radiation of an infrared laser used for charging, for example the 1.064 micron radiation of an Nd: YVO 4 laser.
  • the optical efficiency of the microlenses 26 can also be reduced by such a transparent coating by changing the radius of curvature of the lenses, for example by 50% or more.
  • the transparent layer can level the lenses and completely cancel out the optical effect.
  • the refractive index of the transparent coating 100 is expedient in the order of the refractive index of the microlenses 26th
  • a further thin layer 102 can be provided between the leveling laser-sensitive coating 100 and the microlenses 26.
  • This may be, for example, a coating that promotes detachment of the laser-sensitive coating 100.
  • the further thin layer 102 may also be a reflective layer, for example an aluminum layer, so that the microlenses 26 outside the demetallized areas act as micro-hollow mirrors.
  • pattern-shaped micro-holes 110 can also be produced instead of circular micro-holes during the laser application.
  • the angle of incidence of the laser radiation 40, 40 'in the laser application is varied according to the desired shape of the patterned micro hole 110.
  • a demetallized line 110 can be generated in the recording layer 32.
  • the shape of the recess 30 does not change.
  • microholes in the form of two-dimensional patterns 112 can also be produced, as in the plan view of the recording layer 32 of FIGS Fig. 15 (a) shown.
  • the shape of the Recess 30 not because at the location of the cover layer 28 only the angle of incidence, but not the position of the laser beam 40 varies.
  • microdischarges 114 may also be produced in the recording layer 32, as in FIG Fig. 15 (b) illustrated.
  • the color of the recording layer 32 may change due to the action of the laser radiation focused by the microlenses 26.
  • By varying the angle of incidence of the laser radiation 40 in two spatial directions it is thus possible within a recording layer 32 with a first color to produce microidentifiers 114 with a second color.
  • other laser-sensitive materials may be considered in addition to the metal layers already mentioned, the visual appearance of which can be changed by the action of the laser radiation.
  • the recesses 30 and the multiplicity of microdevices may contain an individualization of the security element, for example the serial number of a banknote 10.
  • Such adjusted individualizations can only be adjusted very difficult with other methods and therefore have a high security against counterfeiting.
  • the individualization of the security element may be associated with particular Fig. 6 combined tilting images are described.
  • the micro-markings introduced at a vertical angle can represent a non-individualizing graphic motif.
  • micro-markers are then introduced into the recording layer, which represent an individualization, for example the signature of a passport holder or a serial number.
  • the security element changes the visible representation of the graphic motif when viewed vertically to the individualization in oblique view.
  • FIG. 16 Another embodiment of the invention is in Fig. 16 schematically in cross section and in Fig. 17 illustrated with its visual appearance in reflected light and transmitted light.
  • the covering layer 28 has, in addition to the recesses 30 already described, congruent gap regions 122, 124 produced in the covering layer 28 or in the recording layer 32 by the action of laser radiation.
  • the laser energy was increased to such an extent that not only the cover layer 28 but also the recording layer 32 underneath the microlenses 26 was completely removed.
  • the recesses 30 and the microholes 36 are produced at lower laser energy at which the residual energy after ablation of the capping layer 28 only results in the formation of the small microholes 26 in the recording layer 32.
  • the gap regions 122 and the recesses 30 can connect to one another without transition and with register accuracy.
  • the recesses 30 form a first motif, which is given by a part of the number sequence "50", which in Fig. 17 (a) indicated by the dashed outline.
  • the gap areas 122 form a second motif given by the rest of the digit string "50".
  • FIG. 17 shows the visual appearance of the security element 120 thus created viewed from the side of the first major surface 22.
  • the cover layer 28 and the Recording layer 32 thereby from the same material, for example aluminum.
  • the observer looks at the color-identical recording layer 32, so that the recesses 30 do not appear in reflected light due to the lack of contrast and because of the small size of the microholes 36.
  • the incomplete motif presentation thus stimulates the observer to look at the transmitted light in order to be able to recognize the complete motif.
  • FIG. 18 shows a security element 130 according to another embodiment of the invention, in which on a recording layer 32 made of copper, a reflection layer 132 is disposed of aluminum, which contains no micro-holes.
  • the microholes 134 in the recording layer 32 are slightly larger than in the embodiments described above and have a diameter of the microlenses of 30 microns diameter of 5-15 microns.
  • the security element 130 shows a reflection image in incident light view. From the viewing angle from which the microholes 134 have been introduced, the viewer looks through the microholes 134 at the silver reflection layer 132 and thus sees the The motif formed by the microholes 134 is silver-colored in front of the copper-colored background of the recording layer 32. If the observer tilts the security element 130 into another viewing angle, only the copper-colored recording layer 32 is visible and the motif disappears.
  • the layer 132 may also be a printed layer applied to the underlying substrate, such as a banknote paper.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Accounting & Taxation (AREA)
  • Finance (AREA)
  • Credit Cards Or The Like (AREA)
  • Thermal Transfer Or Thermal Recording In General (AREA)
EP12787372.7A 2011-11-04 2012-11-05 Optisch variables sicherheitselement Active EP2773514B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL12787372T PL2773514T3 (pl) 2011-11-04 2012-11-05 Optycznie zmienny element zabezpieczający

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE102011117677A DE102011117677A1 (de) 2011-11-04 2011-11-04 Optisch variables Sicherheitselement
PCT/EP2012/004600 WO2013064268A1 (de) 2011-11-04 2012-11-05 Optisch variables sicherheitselement

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EP2773514A1 EP2773514A1 (de) 2014-09-10
EP2773514B1 true EP2773514B1 (de) 2016-02-03

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EP (1) EP2773514B1 (pl)
CN (1) CN104023991B (pl)
AU (2) AU2012331447B2 (pl)
DE (1) DE102011117677A1 (pl)
PL (1) PL2773514T3 (pl)
WO (1) WO2013064268A1 (pl)

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NL2013193B1 (en) * 2014-07-15 2016-07-14 Morpho Bv Method of providing an image through a multiple lens array.
DE102014012375A1 (de) * 2014-08-20 2016-02-25 Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh Verfahren zum Herstellen eines optischen Elementes und optisches Element
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DE102014018512A1 (de) * 2014-12-12 2016-06-16 Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh Optisch variables Sicherheitselement
DE102015207268A1 (de) * 2015-04-22 2016-10-27 Tesa Scribos Gmbh Sicherheitselement und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Sicherheitselements
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AU2012331447A1 (en) 2014-05-15
PL2773514T3 (pl) 2016-07-29
DE102011117677A1 (de) 2013-05-08
AU2016238893A1 (en) 2016-10-27
WO2013064268A1 (de) 2013-05-10
CN104023991A (zh) 2014-09-03
EP2773514A1 (de) 2014-09-10
AU2012331447B2 (en) 2016-08-04
CN104023991B (zh) 2016-02-10

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