EP2747521A1 - Illumination system having DALI bus and a plurality of brightness sensors connected to a DALI control unit - Google Patents
Illumination system having DALI bus and a plurality of brightness sensors connected to a DALI control unit Download PDFInfo
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- EP2747521A1 EP2747521A1 EP12198213.6A EP12198213A EP2747521A1 EP 2747521 A1 EP2747521 A1 EP 2747521A1 EP 12198213 A EP12198213 A EP 12198213A EP 2747521 A1 EP2747521 A1 EP 2747521A1
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- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 title claims description 17
- 239000004606 Fillers/Extenders Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 86
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005282 brightening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011217 control strategy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000002023 somite Anatomy 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B47/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light sources in general, i.e. where the type of light source is not relevant
- H05B47/10—Controlling the light source
- H05B47/175—Controlling the light source by remote control
- H05B47/18—Controlling the light source by remote control via data-bus transmission
Definitions
- the invention relates to a lighting system which is controlled by means of a plurality of brightness sensors.
- Lighting systems are known that include multiple light sources and a central controller.
- a central controller For example, the disclosed DE 10 2004 053 709 A1 a communication system over which a central ripple control system controls light sources connected to remote ripple control receivers.
- the DALI system For controlling decentralized energy consumers, the DALI system has been developed especially for lighting systems. It is defined in the IEC62386 series of standards.
- the DALI system contains a bus, via which a central control unit addresses the connected energy consumers. This is done by phase modulated voltage pulses.
- Brightness sensors can also be connected to the two-wire bus. The individual energy consumers and the individual brightness sensors can be addressed via individual addresses. The address space is limited.
- the connection between the extender and the connected sensors for example, also be designed as a DA-LI system.
- the extender is, for example, a master or control unit for the sensor-side DALI system. He can thus by using an address of the parent DALI control bus a subordinate DALI control bus with another 64 devices, such as sensors provide. This system can be further cascaded so that very large systems can be created. If the extender detects an incoming command addressed to it, it is internally converted into a same broadcast command or a corresponding output sequence and transmitted on its output side, where the extender, as mentioned, forms a master for the subsystem.
- the extender may also form a buffer that temporarily blocks, stores, integrates, or otherwise processes data such as brightness readings taken by the sensors. This makes it possible in principle, faulty controls, which could result from brief changes in brightness, such as flares, flickering, passing in front of the sensor persons or the like.
- the main controller is preferably configured to send light control commands to increase the brightness of the operating devices when receiving data indicating insufficient brightness on at least one of the sensors connected via the extender.
- it is further configured to send light control commands for brightness reduction only to the operating devices when it receives data indicating that all brightness sensors indicate too high a brightness.
- This control strategy concerns at least one group of operating devices connected to the main control device, all of which are connected with the same light control command.
- the brightness sensors may be configured to send unsolicited data from time to time.
- data transmission between the brightness sensors and the extender does not necessarily have to be via a bus.
- Other wired or wireless transmission paths may be used.
- the communication between the extender and the connected sensors may also be based on the brightness sensors sending data on the detected brightness or deviations from the target brightness only on request.
- the extender may send such a request on its own and forward the received data to the main controller. It may also be set up to start this process at the request of the main controller. It is possible that the extender will pass all data series interrogated or received by the brightness sensors to the main controller. It is also possible that he only forwards data from those sensors that have detected the lowest brightness. It is also possible that the extender forwards data derived from the queried or received data series.
- the communication between the extender and the connected sensors may include an inhibit signal that the extender sends to the sensors, which then suspend autonomous transmission for a deadlock (bus silence).
- a deadlock bus silence
- the system may also be adapted to provide such inhibit signal from the main controller to the extender. This can pass on the inhibit signal to the sensors or (additionally or alternatively), even for a blocking time, sending data to the sensor Suspend main control unit.
- the main control unit ignores incoming data from the extender during a blocking period.
- the polling mode can be established between the brightness sensors and the extender as well as (alternatively or additionally) between the main controller and the extender.
- the brightness values recorded by the individual sensors depend not only on the currently set illumination, but also on disturbances, such as ambient light, and on the position and orientation of the respective sensor.
- a bright-surface sensor provides a different reading for a given illumination than a sensor aimed at a dark, light-absorbing surface.
- changes in the illuminance of the lamp group at different sensors have different effects. For example, shadowed or far removed luminance sensors will respond less or not at all, while sensors positioned close to the lamp will respond strongly to an increase in illumination.
- This specific problem can be taken into account by adjusting the brightness sensors to the specific conditions of use.
- the sensors can be provided with adjustable apertures that allow the light to enter release more or less.
- the sensitivity of a sensor can also be adjusted electronically.
- the sensors may include a setpoint setpoint block and a difference block forming the difference between the brightness setpoint and the detected actual brightness. This difference characterizes the deviation of the actual brightness from the setpoint. This deviation can be delivered to the extender.
- the setpoint values for all sensors in the extender can be stored, with the setpoint / actual differences being formed for the individual sensors in the extender. These differences are data derived from the brightness measurements. This can be processed further. For example, the extender can check which target / actual difference is negative and thus indicates too low illumination.
- the aforementioned measures can be combined individually or in groups.
- the lighting system in a simple way to complicated conditions to adjust. It can solve complex lighting tasks.
- the invention is embodied both in a lighting system in which the predisposed features are realized, as well as in any method which is used by the aforementioned system.
- FIG. 1 an illumination system 10 is illustrated in which a main controller 11 (master) controls a plurality of operating devices 12, 13 for operating lamps 14, 15 belonging to a common group 16 of lamps 14, 15 of equal brightness.
- the lamps 14, 15 may be any suitable light source, in particular LED, gas discharge lamp, halogen lamp or the like.
- the operating devices 12, 13 serve to supply the lamps 14, 15 with power in order to achieve the desired brightness.
- the operating devices 12, 13 communicate with the main control unit 11 via a DALI bus 17.
- each operating device 12, 13 is assigned a unique address via which the operating device can be addressed by the main control unit 11. In this way, on and off signals, dimming signals and other signals can be sent and received.
- the DALI bus 17 may also include sensors.
- an extender 18 is also connected, which controls and handles the data traffic between the main control unit and connected brightness sensors 19, 20, 21.
- the brightness sensors 19 to 21 are connected to the extender 18 via a suitable communication link, such as one at the bus 22.
- the bus 22 may be another DALI bus and, if desired, also includes ballasts for lamps.
- the extender 18 is addressed on the DALI bus 17 via a single address 23.
- the brightness sensors 19 to 21, however, are addressed via individual sensor addresses 24.
- the extender 18 can be used on different addresses by the brightness sensors 19 to 21 incoming data series with the address 23 to the main control unit 11 pass.
- the sensor 19 is exemplified for the other, preferably identically designed sensors 20, 21 illustrated. Other similar or identical sensors may be provided.
- the sensor 19 comprises a light-receiving element 25, for example in the form of a photosensitive transistor or a light-sensitive diode, and an input / output block 26, which is formed for example by a microcontroller. This is connected to the bus 22. It converts a signal 27 received from the photosensitive element 25 into data sent over the bus 22. In FIG. 2 an arrow symbolically indicates the transmitted data 28.
- the data 28 characterize the brightness value recorded by the brightness signal 27 in a reversibly unambiguous relationship, for example linear or logarithmic.
- the I / O block 26 can check bus 22 for availability and, if it is free, send the data unsolicited. This can be cyclically repeated by the input / output block 26. It is also possible to design the sensor 19 so that the input / output block 26 sends data 28 only on request.
- the sensor 29 is connected to the bus 22 and includes a photosensitive element 25.
- the input / output block 26 outputs a difference 30 between a light command signal 31 and the luminance signal 27 to the input / output block 26.
- the brightness sensor 29 contains a desired value specification block 32 and a subtraction block 33. Both can be used together with the input / output block 26 can be realized by a microcontroller.
- the sensor 29 sends data that characterize the brightness deviation from the setpoint. This may, as previously related to FIG. 2 described, cyclically in each case after checking the bus availability or on request.
- the sensor 29 may be formed calibrated. This illustrates FIG. 4 on the example of the sensor 29a. For this applies in connection with FIG. 3 given description according to the same reference numerals.
- the brightness signal 27 is supplied to the set point specification block 32 in this sensor 29a.
- the setpoint specification block 32 can also be fed with a calibration signal 34, upon receipt of which it takes over the present brightness signal 27 as setpoint.
- the input / output block 26 may send the calibration signal 34, for example, if it has received a corresponding calibration command via the bus 22.
- FIG. 5 schematically illustrates the structure of a simple extender 18.
- the extender 18 includes an input / output block 35, which is used for communication with the DALI bus 17.
- the input / output block 35 sends and receives data 36 via the latter.
- the extender 18 likewise has input / output blocks 37 to 39 which, for example, in each case correspond to the measured value supplied by the sensor 19, 20, 21 caching.
- the input / output block 35 can then interrogate successively the values buffered in the input / output blocks 37 to 39 and, in a first variant, send them serially via the DALI bus 17 to the main control unit 11.
- the input / output block 35 may also be adapted to temporarily suppress the transmission of data, for example upon receipt of a disable signal.
- the input / output block 35 may be configured to send only the data to the main controller 11 via the DALI bus 17 indicating a lowest brightness value.
- the extender 18 after FIG. 5 can also with the sensors 29, 29a of the FIGS. 3 and 4 work together. In this case, it sends, in accordance with one or more of the aforementioned principles, data derived from the brightness values instead of data indicative of the brightness and thus delivered via the bus 22. These data may be selected (filtered or filtered) data, the difference between the actual brightness (actual value) and the desired brightness (target value) or the like. act.
- the brightness sensors 29 and 29a after FIGS. 3 and 4 form the specified target / actual difference and deliver it to the extender. But it is also possible to form the target-actual difference in the extender.
- blocks 37 to 39 are as in FIG. 6 illustrated schematically illustrates.
- the following explanation of the structure and function of the input / output block 37 applies equally to the input / output blocks of the extender 18a.
- the input / output block 37 contains data 28, for example from sensors 19, 20, 21 after FIG. 2 and thus represent the brightness signals 27.
- the input / output block 37 includes a setpoint setpoint block 40 and a difference block 41. The latter forms the difference between data identifying the actual brightness value and data indicating the setpoint brightness.
- a communication block 42 passes this difference on demand to the input / output block 35, which regulates the communication with the DALI bus 17.
- a calibration signal can again be provided. This can be sent, for example, from the main controller 11 via the DALI bus 17 and the input / output block 35 to the setpoint specification block 40, which then takes over the pending data 28 as a brightness setpoint.
- the illumination system 10 can be operated in different ways, depending on which of the described components are used, in order to achieve a desired illumination at all locations monitored by the brightness sensors 19 to 21.
- the illumination system 10 contains sensors 19 to 21 FIG. 2 and at least one extender 18 after FIG. 5 , The extender 18 then serially supplies the data supplied by the sensors 19 to 21 at its address 23 to the main controller 11.
- the main controller 11 may be adapted to screen out among the received data those indicating the lowest brightness.
- the data characterizing the brightness can be stored in a register, which is overwritten whenever the newly incoming data characterize a lower brightness value than the data already in the register.
- the communication blocks 42 may include maps.
- the sensors 19 to 21 send the data 28 unsolicited at regular intervals. It is also possible that the sensors 19 to 21 suppress this transmission of data 28 if they have received a corresponding blocking signal.
- a blocking signal may have been given by the extender 18 on the bus 22, for example.
- the extender 28 may be configured to apply such a lock signal to the bus 22 whenever it has detected in the DALI bus 17 the transmission of a light control signal, ie a brightness control signal, by the main controller 11.
- the blocking time can be a few seconds or even longer. It prevents the sensors from transmitting their measured values just when the main control unit 11 has just set a light control command for changing the brightness to the operating devices 12, 13.
- the brightness change caused by this control command may not even be taken into account in the measured values determined by the respective sensors 19 to 21, because the transmission to the bus 22 and via the extender 18 and the DALI bus 17 to the main control unit 11 or the conversion the brightness change in the operating device 12, 13 may take some time. It is thus avoided that the measured values describe a no longer current situation, which would otherwise lead to a falsified light control. Such non-current measured values are discarded or suppressed by the named measure.
- blocking of the extender 18 can also take place. If this establishes a light-adjusting signal on the DALI bus, it suppresses the transmission of the data coming from the light sensors 19 to 21 to the main control unit 11 for a given blocking time.
- ignoring the data characterizing the brightness may also occur in the main controller 11 if neither the sensors nor the extender 18 are disabled.
- the sensors 19 to 21 send their data only on request.
- the extender 18 then interrogates the sensors 19 to 21 in succession. If the extender 18 has detected a light-adjusting signal on the DALI bus 17, it refrains from interrogating the sensors 19 to 21 for a certain time, that is, until the expiry of a given blocking time.
- the lighting system contains sensors 29 or 29a? FIG. 3 or 4 and an extender 18 after FIG. 5 or the lighting system 10 includes sensors 19 after FIG. 2 in combination with an extender 18a after FIG. 6
- the brightness values recorded at the individual sensors can be individually evaluated.
- setpoint preselection blocks 32, 40 are provided in each case via setpoint specification blocks 32 or 38, respectively.
- the determination of the deviation takes place the actual brightness of the desired brightness. This deviation can in turn be continuously supplied to the main control unit 11 according to the principles described above, or suspended over a blocking signal.
- the aforesaid scenario may be insufficient if a change in brightness occurring after a given number of dimming steps is perceived differently by different sensors, for example because the sensors are located at different distances from the light sources or partially shaded by the light sources.
- the sensors determine the number of dimming steps that is necessary in order to adapt the actual brightness to the setpoint brightness from the predetermined brightness setpoint and the currently measured brightness actual value.
- the sensors can take into account additional information describing, for example, their individual position or shading situation. Instead of the brightness deviation data, each sensor can then transmit the required number of dimming steps to the extender.
- the extender can then select from the dimming step signals obtained from the sensors and forward that value to the master, which ensures the desired minimum brightness at each position.
- the determination of the necessary number Dimming steps also take place in the extender, in which corresponding map data has been stored for each sensor.
- the illumination system 10 comprises a plurality of sensors 19 to 21 for detecting a brightness at different locations of a room to be illuminated, wherein at least some of the sensors are addressable via an extender 18 via a common address 23 of a DALI bus 17.
- the transfer of data from the sensors 19 to 21 via the extender 18 to the main control unit 11 can be blocked for a blocking time always when 17 light control signals have been sent via the DALI bus, that is, brightness changes have been made. This avoids faulty controls.
- the map may be stored in a communication block 42 that converts the target-actual difference into data that is continuously or on-demand sent to the main controller 11. This allows different installation situations of the various sensors 19 to 21 are taken into account.
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Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Beleuchtungssystem, das mittels mehrerer Helligkeitssensoren gesteuert wird.The invention relates to a lighting system which is controlled by means of a plurality of brightness sensors.
Es sind Beleuchtungssysteme bekannt, die mehrere Lichtquellen und eine zentrale Steuerung umfassen. Dazu offenbart beispielsweise die
Zur Steuerung von dezentralen Energieverbrauchern ist insbesondere für Beleuchtungsanlagen das DALI-System entwickelt worden. Es ist in der Normenreihe IEC62386 definiert. Das DALI-System enthält einen Bus, über den ein zentrales Steuergerät die angeschlossenen Energieverbraucher anspricht. Dies erfolgt durch phasenmodulierte Spannungsimpulse. An den Zweidrahtbus lassen sich auch Helligkeitssensoren anschließen. Die einzelnen Energieverbraucher und die einzelnen Helligkeitssensoren sind über individuelle Adressen ansprechbar. Der Adressraum ist begrenzt.For controlling decentralized energy consumers, the DALI system has been developed especially for lighting systems. It is defined in the IEC62386 series of standards. The DALI system contains a bus, via which a central control unit addresses the connected energy consumers. This is done by phase modulated voltage pulses. Brightness sensors can also be connected to the two-wire bus. The individual energy consumers and the individual brightness sensors can be addressed via individual addresses. The address space is limited.
Soll eine automatische Helligkeitsanpassung beispielsweise über mehrere Helligkeitssensoren erfolgen, nehmen deren Adressen einen erheblichen Teil des Adressraums ein. Außerdem können die Sensoren einander widersprechende Signale liefern oder auf Helligkeitsänderungen unterschiedlich ansprechen.If an automatic brightness adjustment is to take place, for example, via a plurality of brightness sensors, their addresses occupy a considerable part of the address space. In addition, the sensors can provide conflicting signals or respond differently to brightness changes.
Davon ausgehend ist es Aufgabe der Erfindung, ein Beleuchtungssystem zu schaffen, das wenigstens eines der oben genannten Probleme mindestens abmildert.On this basis, it is an object of the invention to provide a lighting system that at least mitigates at least one of the above-mentioned problems.
Diese Aufgabe wird mit dem Beleuchtungssystem nach Anspruch 1 gelöst:
- Das erfindungsgemäße Beleuchtungssystem nutzt mehrere Sensoren, insbesondere Helligkeitssensoren, die an einen Extender angeschlossen sind. Der Extender hat eine DALI-Kommunikationsschnittstelle, die an den DALI-Steuerbus angeschlossen ist. Der Extender ist somit von dem Hauptsteuergerät über eine einzige Adresse ansprechbar. Die Sensoren verbergen sich aus Sicht des Hauptsteuergeräts hinter dem Extender. Die Kommunikation zwischen dem Extender und den Sensoren wird über Adressen organisiert, deren Adressraum von dem Adressraum des DALI-Steuerbus getrennt ist. Der Extender übermittelt die von den Sensoren gelieferten Daten oder aus den Daten abgeleitete Datenserien an das Hauptsteuergerät.
- The illumination system according to the invention uses a plurality of sensors, in particular brightness sensors, which are connected to an extender. The extender has a DALI communication interface connected to the DALI control bus. The extender is thus accessible from the main controller via a single address. The sensors are hidden behind the extender from the point of view of the main control unit. The communication between the extender and the sensors is organized via addresses whose address space is separate from the address space of the DALI control bus. The extender transmits the data supplied by the sensors or data series derived from the data to the main control unit.
Mit diesem Konzept kann in einem Beleuchtungssystem eine große Anzahl von Sensoren, insbesondere Helligkeitssensoren, untergebracht werden, die aus Sicht des Hauptsteuergeräts über eine einzige Adresse ansprechbar sind. Damit ist weder eine Änderung des Befehlsatzes des Hauptsteuergeräts erforderlich, noch ergibt sich eine höhere Busbelastung des DALI-Steuerbus.With this concept, a large number of sensors, in particular brightness sensors, can be accommodated in an illumination system, which can be addressed via a single address from the perspective of the main control unit. Thus, neither a change in the instruction set of the main control unit is required, nor results in a higher bus load of the DALI control bus.
Die Verbindung zwischen dem Extender und den angeschlossenen Sensoren kann beispielsweise ebenfalls als DA-LI-System ausgebildet sein. Der Extender ist beispielsweise ein Master bzw. Steuergerät für das sensorseitige DALI-System. Er kann somit unter Inanspruchnahme einer Adresse des übergeordneten DALI-Steuerbus einen untergeordneten DALI-Steuerbus mit weiteren 64 Geräten, beispielsweise Sensoren erbringen. Dieses System kann weiter kaskadiert werden, so dass sehr große Systeme erstellt werden können. Erkennt der Extender einen für ihn adressierten eingangsseitig ankommenden Befehl, wird dieser intern in einen gleichen Broadcastbefehl oder in eine entsprechende Ausgangssequenz gewandelt und an seiner Ausgangsseite ausgesendet, an der der Extender wie erwähnt einen Master für das Subsystem bildet.The connection between the extender and the connected sensors, for example, also be designed as a DA-LI system. The extender is, for example, a master or control unit for the sensor-side DALI system. He can thus by using an address of the parent DALI control bus a subordinate DALI control bus with another 64 devices, such as sensors provide. This system can be further cascaded so that very large systems can be created. If the extender detects an incoming command addressed to it, it is internally converted into a same broadcast command or a corresponding output sequence and transmitted on its output side, where the extender, as mentioned, forms a master for the subsystem.
Der Extender kann außerdem einen Puffer bilden, der Daten, wie von den Sensoren aufgenommene Helligkeitswerte, zeitweilig blockiert, speichert, integriert oder sonst wie weiter verarbeitet. Hiermit ist es grundsätzlich möglich, Fehlsteuerungen, die sich aufgrund kurzzeitiger Helligkeitsänderungen, wie Lichtreflexe, Flackern, vor dem Sensor durchlaufende Personen oder dergleichen, ergeben könnten.The extender may also form a buffer that temporarily blocks, stores, integrates, or otherwise processes data such as brightness readings taken by the sensors. This makes it possible in principle, faulty controls, which could result from brief changes in brightness, such as flares, flickering, passing in front of the sensor persons or the like.
Das Hauptsteuergerät ist vorzugsweise darauf eingerichtet, Lichtsteuerbefehle zur Helligkeitserhöhung an die Betriebsgeräte zu versenden, wenn es Daten empfängt, die eine zu niedrige Helligkeit an zumindest einem der über den Extender angeschlossenen Sensoren anzeigen. Vorzugsweise ist es weiter darauf eingerichtet, Lichtsteuerbefehle zur Helligkeitsverminderung nur dann an die Betriebsgeräte zu senden, wenn es Daten empfängt, die anzeigen, dass alle Helligkeitssensoren eine zu hohe Helligkeit anzeigen. Diese Steuerstrategie betrifft zumindest eine Gruppe von an das Hauptsteuergerät angeschlossenen Betriebsgeräten, die alle mit dem gleichen Lichtsteuerbefehl angeschlossen werden.The main controller is preferably configured to send light control commands to increase the brightness of the operating devices when receiving data indicating insufficient brightness on at least one of the sensors connected via the extender. Preferably, it is further configured to send light control commands for brightness reduction only to the operating devices when it receives data indicating that all brightness sensors indicate too high a brightness. This control strategy concerns at least one group of operating devices connected to the main control device, all of which are connected with the same light control command.
Die Helligkeitssensoren können darauf eingerichtet sein, von Zeit zu Zeit unaufgefordert Daten zu senden. Die Datenübertragung zwischen den Helligkeitssensoren und dem Extender muss jedoch nicht zwangsläufig über einen Bus erfolgen. Es können auch andere drahtgebundene oder drahtlose Übertragungswege genutzt werden.The brightness sensors may be configured to send unsolicited data from time to time. However, data transmission between the brightness sensors and the extender does not necessarily have to be via a bus. Other wired or wireless transmission paths may be used.
Die Kommunikation zwischen dem Extender und den angeschlossenen Sensoren kann auch darauf beruhen, dass die Helligkeitssensoren Daten über die erfasste Helligkeit oder Abweichungen zur Sollhelligkeit nur auf Anfrage senden. Der Extender kann eine solche Anforderung von sich aus aussenden und die empfangenen Daten an das Hauptsteuergerät weiterleiten. Er kann auch darauf eingerichtet sein, diesen Vorgang auf Anforderung des Hauptsteuergeräts zu starten. Es ist möglich, dass der Extender alle von den Helligkeitssensoren abgefragten oder erhaltenen Datenserien an das Hauptsteuergerät weitergibt. Es ist auch möglich, dass er nur Daten derjenigen Sensoren weiterleitet, die die niedrigste Helligkeit erfasst haben. Es ist ferner möglich, dass der Extender Daten weiterleitet, die aus den abgefragten oder erhaltenen Datenserien abgeleitet sind.The communication between the extender and the connected sensors may also be based on the brightness sensors sending data on the detected brightness or deviations from the target brightness only on request. The extender may send such a request on its own and forward the received data to the main controller. It may also be set up to start this process at the request of the main controller. It is possible that the extender will pass all data series interrogated or received by the brightness sensors to the main controller. It is also possible that he only forwards data from those sensors that have detected the lowest brightness. It is also possible that the extender forwards data derived from the queried or received data series.
Die Kommunikation zwischen dem Extender und den angeschlossenen Sensoren kann ein Hemmsignal umfassen, das der Extender an die Sensoren sendet, die daraufhin das selbstständige Aussenden für eine Sperrzeit aussetzen (Busruhe). Damit gelangen für die Sperrzeit auch keine Helligkeitssignale an das Hauptsteuergerät, so dass hinreichend Zeit für die Umsetzung vorangehender Helligkeitsanpassungen gewährleistet ist oder Helligkeitsanpassungen aufgrund kurzzeitiger Helligkeitsschwankungen (durchlaufende Person, siehe oben) ausgeschlossen werden.The communication between the extender and the connected sensors may include an inhibit signal that the extender sends to the sensors, which then suspend autonomous transmission for a deadlock (bus silence). Thus, no brightness signals reach the main control unit for the blocking time, so that sufficient time is ensured for the implementation of preceding brightness adjustments or brightness adjustments due to short-term brightness fluctuations (passing person, see above) are excluded.
Das System kann auch darauf eingerichtet sein, dass ein solches Hemmsignal von dem Hauptsteuergerät an den Extender geliefert wird. Dieser kann das Hemmsignal an die Sensoren weitergeben oder (ergänzend oder alternativ) selbst für eine Sperrzeit das Senden von Daten an das Hauptsteuergerät aussetzen.The system may also be adapted to provide such inhibit signal from the main controller to the extender. This can pass on the inhibit signal to the sensors or (additionally or alternatively), even for a blocking time, sending data to the sensor Suspend main control unit.
Alternativ kann vorgesehen sein, dass das Hauptsteuergerät während einer Sperrzeit von dem Extender eingehende Daten ignoriert.Alternatively, it can be provided that the main control unit ignores incoming data from the extender during a blocking period.
Weiter ist es möglich, die Kommunikation zwischen dem Hauptsteuergerät und dem Extender so zu gestalten, dass der Extender ausschließlich auf Forderung des Hauptsteuergeräts Daten sendet (Abfragemodus). Der Abfragemodus kann sowohl zwischen den Helligkeitssensoren und dem Extender als auch (alternativ oder ergänzend) zwischen dem Hauptsteuergerät und dem Extender etabliert werden.Further, it is possible to design the communication between the main controller and the extender such that the extender transmits data exclusively at the request of the main controller (polling mode). The polling mode can be established between the brightness sensors and the extender as well as (alternatively or additionally) between the main controller and the extender.
Bei der Überwachung von größeren beleuchteten Flächen auf ausreichende Helligkeit an mehreren Stellen durch mehrere Sensoren können sich Schwierigkeiten ergeben. Die von den einzelnen Sensoren aufgenommen Helligkeitswerte hängen nicht nur von der aktuell eingestellten Beleuchtung ab, sondern auch von Störgrößen, wie Umgebungslicht, und von der Position und Ausrichtung des jeweiligen Sensors. Ein Sensor der auf eine helle Fläche gerichtet ist, liefert bei einer gegebenen Beleuchtung einen anderen Messwert, als ein Sensor, der auf eine dunkle, lichtabsorbierende Fläche gerichtet ist. Außerdem wirken sich Änderungen der Beleuchtungsstärke der Lampengruppe an unterschiedlichen Sensoren unterschiedlich stark aus. Beispielsweise reagieren abgeschattete oder von der Lampengruppe weit entfernte Helligkeitssensoren weniger oder gar nicht, während nahe an der Lampe positionierte Sensoren auf eine Erhöhung der Beleuchtung stark ansprechen. Dieser spezifischen Problematik kann dadurch Rechnung getragen werden, dass die Helligkeitssensoren auf die spezifischen Einsatzbestimmungen abgestimmt werden. Im einfachsten Fall können die Sensoren mit verstellbaren Blenden versehen sein, die den Lichtzutritt mehr oder weniger freigeben. Die Empfindlichkeit eines Sensors kann auch elektronisch eingestellt werden.There may be difficulties in monitoring larger illuminated areas for sufficient brightness at multiple locations through multiple sensors. The brightness values recorded by the individual sensors depend not only on the currently set illumination, but also on disturbances, such as ambient light, and on the position and orientation of the respective sensor. A bright-surface sensor provides a different reading for a given illumination than a sensor aimed at a dark, light-absorbing surface. In addition, changes in the illuminance of the lamp group at different sensors have different effects. For example, shadowed or far removed luminance sensors will respond less or not at all, while sensors positioned close to the lamp will respond strongly to an increase in illumination. This specific problem can be taken into account by adjusting the brightness sensors to the specific conditions of use. In the simplest case, the sensors can be provided with adjustable apertures that allow the light to enter release more or less. The sensitivity of a sensor can also be adjusted electronically.
Neben der Empfindlichkeitsanpassung der einzelnen Sensoren ist es auch möglich, in jedem Sensor einen Helligkeitssollwert abzuspeichern. Die Helligkeitssollwerte der einzelnen Sensoren können individuell an den jeweiligen Einsatz frei angepasst sein. Beispielsweise können die Sensoren einen Sollwertvorgabeblock sowie einen Differenzbildungsblock aufweisen, welche die Differenz zwischen dem Helligkeitssollwert und der erfassten tatsächlichen Helligkeit bildet. Diese Differenz kennzeichnet die Abweichung der Ist-Helligkeit von dem Sollwert. Diese Abweichung kann an den Extender geliefert werden.In addition to the sensitivity adjustment of the individual sensors, it is also possible to store a brightness setpoint in each sensor. The brightness setpoints of the individual sensors can be adapted individually to the respective application. For example, the sensors may include a setpoint setpoint block and a difference block forming the difference between the brightness setpoint and the detected actual brightness. This difference characterizes the deviation of the actual brightness from the setpoint. This deviation can be delivered to the extender.
Alternativ können die Sollwerte für alle Sensoren im Extender abgespeichert werden, wobei die Soll/Ist-Differenzen für die einzelnen Sensoren im Extender gebildet werden. Diese Differenzen sind aus den Helligkeitsmesswerten abgeleitete Daten. Diese könne weiter verarbeitet werden. Beispielsweise kann der Extender prüfen, welche Soll/Ist-Differenz negativ ist und somit eine zu niedrige Beleuchtung anzeigt.Alternatively, the setpoint values for all sensors in the extender can be stored, with the setpoint / actual differences being formed for the individual sensors in the extender. These differences are data derived from the brightness measurements. This can be processed further. For example, the extender can check which target / actual difference is negative and thus indicates too low illumination.
Es ist möglich, den Soll/Ist-Differenzen der unterschiedlichen Sensoren über Kennfelder Dimmschritte zuzuordnen, die dann von dem Extender an das Hauptsteuergerät gemeldet werden, damit dieses eine möglichst zügige Helligkeitsanpassung anhand der ermittelten Dimmschrittzahlen vornimmt. Die Kennfelder können für die einzelnen Sensoren individuell angelegt werden.It is possible to assign dimming steps to the desired / actual differences of the different sensors via maps, which are then reported by the extender to the main control unit, so that it performs the fastest possible brightness adjustment on the basis of the determined dimming step numbers. The maps can be created individually for the individual sensors.
Die vorgenannten Maßnahmen lassen sich einzeln oder gruppenweise miteinander kombinieren. Somit lässt sich das Beleuchtungssystem auf einfache Weise an komplizierte Gegebenheiten anpassen. Es lassen sich komplexe Beleuchtungsaufgaben lösen.The aforementioned measures can be combined individually or in groups. Thus, the lighting system in a simple way to complicated conditions to adjust. It can solve complex lighting tasks.
Die Erfindung verkörpert sich sowohl in einer Beleuchtungsanlage, in der die vordiskutierten Merkmale verwirklich sind, wie auch in jedem Verfahren welches von dem vorgenannten System genutzt wird.The invention is embodied both in a lighting system in which the predisposed features are realized, as well as in any method which is used by the aforementioned system.
Beispiele für Ausführungsformen der Erfindung ergeben sich aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung und den Figuren. Es zeigen:
-
Figur 1 ein Beleuchtungssystem mit mehreren Lampen und mit mehreren Helligkeitssensoren in schematischer Darstellung, -
Figur 2 einen Helligkeitssensor in schematischer Darstellung, -
Figuren 3 und 4 modifizierte Helligkeitssensoren in schematischer Darstellung, -
Figur 5 Helligkeitssensoren und einen Extender in Blockdarstellung und -
Figur 6 einen modifizierten Extender in Blockdarstellung.
-
FIG. 1 a lighting system with several lamps and with several brightness sensors in a schematic representation, -
FIG. 2 a brightness sensor in a schematic representation, -
FIGS. 3 and 4 modified brightness sensors in a schematic representation, -
FIG. 5 Brightness sensors and an extender in block diagram and -
FIG. 6 a modified extender in block representation.
In
Die Betriebsgeräte 12, 13 kommunizieren mit dem Hauptsteuergerät 11 über einen DALI-Bus 17. Auf diesem ist jedem Betriebsgerät 12, 13 eine eindeutige Adresse zugeordnet, über die das Betriebsgerät von dem Hauptsteuergerät 11 angesprochen werden kann. Auf diesem Wege können Ein- und Ausschaltsignale, Dimmsignale und sonstige Signale gesendet und empfangen werden. Der DALI-Bus 17 kann auch auch Sensoren enthalten.The operating
An den DALI-Bus 17 ist außerdem ein Extender 18 angeschlossen, der den Datenverkehr zwischen dem Hauptsteuergerät und angeschlossenen Helligkeitssensoren 19, 20, 21 kontrolliert und abwickelt. Die Helligkeitssensoren 19 bis 21 sind über eine geeignete Datenübertragungsstrecke, wie beispielsweise einen bei dem Bus 22 mit dem Extender 18 verbunden. Der Bus 22 kann ein weiterer DALI-Bus sein und, falls gewünscht, auch Betriebsgeräte für Lampen enthalten.To the
Wie in
In
Im einfachsten Fall kennzeichnen die Daten 28 den durch das Helligkeitssignal 27 verkörperten aufgenommenen Helligkeitswert in umkehrbar eindeutigem Zusammenhang, beispielsweise linear oder logarithmisch. Der Ein/Ausgabeblock 26 kann den Bus 22 auf Verfügbarkeit prüfen und, wenn er frei ist, die Daten unaufgefordert senden. Dies kann der Ein/Ausgabeblock 26 zyklisch wiederholen. Es ist auch möglich, den Sensor 19 so zu gestalten, dass der Ein/Ausgabeblock 26 Daten 28 nur auf Anfrage sendet.In the simplest case, the
Es ist möglich, den Sensor 19 abzuwandeln, wie in
Der Sensor 29 kann eigenkalibrierbar ausgebildet sein. Dies veranschaulicht
Der Extender 18 nach
Die Helligkeitssensoren 29 und 29a nach
Zur Bildung der Soll-Ist-Differenzen sind die Blöcke 37 bis 39 wie in
Bedarfsweise kann wiederum die Verarbeitung eines Kalibriersignals vorgesehen sein. Dieses kann beispielsweise von dem Hauptsteuergerät 11 über den DALI-Bus 17 und den Ein/Ausgabeblock 35 an den Sollwertvorgabeblock 40 gesendet werden, der dann die anstehenden Daten 28 als Helligkeitssollwert übernimmt.If necessary, the processing of a calibration signal can again be provided. This can be sent, for example, from the
Das Beleuchtungssystem 10 kann je nachdem welche der beschriebenen Komponenten eingesetzt werden auf unterschiedliche Weisen betrieben werden, um eine wunschgemäße Beleuchtung an allen von den Helligkeitssensoren 19 bis 21 überwachten Stellen zu erreichen. Im einfachsten Fall enthält das Beleuchtungssystem 10 Sensoren 19 bis 21 nach
Es ist möglich, dass die Sensoren 19 bis 21 die Daten 28 unaufgefordert in regelmäßigen Zeitabständen senden. Es ist auch möglich, dass die Sensoren 19 bis 21 dieses Aussenden von Daten 28 unterdrücken, wenn sie ein entsprechendes Sperrsignal empfangen haben. Ein solches Sperrsignal kann beispielsweise von dem Extender 18 auf den Bus 22 gegeben worden sein. Der Extender 28 kann so aufgebaut sein, dass er ein solches Sperrsignal immer dann auf den Bus 22 gibt, wenn er in dem DALI-Bus 17 die Aussendung eines Lichtsteuersignals, das heißt eines Helligkeits-Stellsignals durch das Hauptsteuergerät 11 festgestellt hat. Die Sperrzeit kann einige Sekunden betragen oder auch länger sein. Sie verhindert, dass die Sensoren ihre Messwerte gerade dann übermitteln, wenn das Hauptsteuergerät 11 gerade einen Lichtsteuerbefehl zur Änderung der Helligkeit an die Betriebsgeräte 12, 13 abgesetzt hat. Die durch diesen Steuerbefehl hervorgerufene Helligkeitsänderung ist in dem von den jeweiligen Sensoren 19 bis 21 festgestellten Messwerten nämlich womöglich noch nicht berücksichtigt, denn die Übertragung auf den Bus 22 sowie über den Extender 18 und den DALI-Bus 17 an das Hauptsteuergerät 11 bzw. die Umsetzung der Helligkeitsänderung in dem Betriebsgerät 12, 13 kann eine gewisse Zeit beanspruchen. Es wird so vermieden, dass die Messwerte eine nicht mehr aktuelle Situation beschreiben, was sonst zu einer verfälschten Lichtregelung führen würde. Solche nicht aktuellen Messwerte werden durch die genannte Maßnahme verworfen bzw. unterdrückt.It is possible that the
Anstelle der Sperrung der Sensoren kann auch eine Sperrung des Extenders 18 erfolgen. Stellt dieser auf dem DALI-Bus ein Lichtstellsignal fest, unterdrückt er für eine gegebene Sperrzeit die Weitergabe der von den Lichtsensoren 19 bis 21 herkommenden Daten an das Hauptsteuergerät 11.Instead of locking the sensors, blocking of the
Alternativ kann das Ignorieren der die Helligkeit kennzeichnenden Daten auch in dem Hauptsteuergerät 11 erfolgen, wenn weder die Sensoren, noch der Extender 18 gesperrt werden.Alternatively, ignoring the data characterizing the brightness may also occur in the
Weiter ist es möglich, dass die Sensoren 19 bis 21 ihre Daten nur auf Aufforderung verschicken. Der Extender 18 fragt die Sensoren 19 bis 21 dann nacheinander ab. Hat der Extender 18 auf dem DALI-Bus 17 ein Lichtstellsignal festgestellt, unterlässt er das Abfragen der Sensoren 19 bis 21 für eine gewisse Zeit, das heißt bis zum Ablauf einer gegebenen Sperrzeit.Further, it is possible that the
Enthält das Beleuchtungssystem Sensoren 29 oder 29a nach
Das vorgenannte Szenario kann unzureichend sein, wenn ein Helligkeitsänderung, die sich nach einer gegebenen Anzahl von Dimmschritten einstellt, von verschiedenen Sensoren unterschiedlich wahrgenommen wird, z.B. weil die Sensoren unterschiedlich weit von den Lichtquellen entfernt positioniert sind oder teilweise von den Lichtquellen abgeschattet sind. In diesem Fall kann es vorgesehen sein, dass die Sensoren aus dem vorgegebene Helligkeits-Sollwert und dem aktuell gemessenen Helligkeits-Istwert die Anzahl der Dimmschritte ermitteln, die notwendig ist, um die Ist-Helligkeit an die Soll-Helligkeit anzupassen. Dazu können die Sensoren zusätzliche Informationen berücksichtigen, die z.B. ihre individuelle Position oder Abschattungssituation beschreiben. Statt der Helligkeitsabweichungsdaten kann jeder Sensor dann die erforderliche Anzahl Dimmschritte an den Extender übermitteln. Der Extender kann dann aus den von den Sensoren erhaltenen Dimmschritt-Signalen denjenigen Wert auswählen und an den Master weiterleiten, der die gewünschte minimale Helligkeit an jeder Position gewährleistet. Alternativ kann die Ermittlung der notwendigen Anzahl an Dimmschritten auch im Extender erfolgen, im dem dazu entsprechende Kennfelddaten für jeden Sensor hinterlegt hat.The aforesaid scenario may be insufficient if a change in brightness occurring after a given number of dimming steps is perceived differently by different sensors, for example because the sensors are located at different distances from the light sources or partially shaded by the light sources. In this case, it may be provided that the sensors determine the number of dimming steps that is necessary in order to adapt the actual brightness to the setpoint brightness from the predetermined brightness setpoint and the currently measured brightness actual value. For this purpose, the sensors can take into account additional information describing, for example, their individual position or shading situation. Instead of the brightness deviation data, each sensor can then transmit the required number of dimming steps to the extender. The extender can then select from the dimming step signals obtained from the sensors and forward that value to the master, which ensures the desired minimum brightness at each position. Alternatively, the determination of the necessary number Dimming steps also take place in the extender, in which corresponding map data has been stored for each sensor.
Das erfindungsgemäße Beleuchtungssystem 10 umfasst mehrere Sensoren 19 bis 21 zur Erfassung einer Helligkeit an verschiedenen Stellen eines zu beleuchtendes Raums, wobei mindestens einige der Sensoren über einen Extender 18 über eine gemeinsame Adresse 23 eines DALI-Bus 17 adressierbar sind. Die Weitergabe von Daten von den Sensoren 19 bis 21 über den Extender 18 an das Hauptsteuergerät 11 kann für eine Sperrzeit immer dann blockiert werden, wenn über den DALI-Bus 17 Lichtsteuersignale gesendet worden sind, das heißt Helligkeitsänderungen vorgenommen worden sind. Dies vermeidet Fehlsteuerungen. Außerdem kann es zweckmäßig sein, die von den Sensoren 19 bis 21 aufgenommenen Helligkeitswerte individuell zu bewerten. Dies kann beispielsweise durch Vergleich mit individuellen Sollwerten geschehen, die in Sollwertenvorgabeblöcken 32, 40 bereitgehalten werden. Gegebenenfalls können die festgestellten Abweichungen über ein Kennfeld in Daten umgesetzt werden. Das Kennfeld kann in einem Kommunikationsblock 42 abgelegt sein, der die Soll-Ist-Differenz in Daten umsetzt, die fortwährend oder auf Abruf an das Hauptsteuergerät 11 gesendet werden. Damit kann unterschiedlichen Einbausituationen der verschiedenen Sensoren 19 bis 21 Rechnung getragen werden.The
- 1010
- Beleuchtungssystemlighting system
- 1111
- HauptsteuergerätMain control unit
- 12, 1312, 13
- Betriebsgeräteballasts
- 14, 1514, 15
- Lampenlamps
- 1616
- Gruppe / TeilnehmergruppeGroup / participant group
- 1717
- DALI-BusDALI bus
- 18, 18a18, 18a
- ExtenderExtender
- 19 - 2119-21
- Helligkeitssensorenbrightness sensors
- 2222
- Busbus
- 2323
- Adresseaddress
- 2424
- Adressenaddresses
- 2525
- lichtempfindliches Elementphotosensitive element
- 2626
- Ein/AusgabeblockI / O block
- 2727
- Helligkeitssignalbrightness signal
- 2828
- Datendates
- 29, 29a29, 29a
- Helligkeitssensorbrightness sensor
- 3030
- Differenzdifference
- 3131
- LichtvorgabesignalLight setting signal
- 3232
- SollwertvorgabeblockSetpoint block
- 3333
- DifferenzbildungsblockDifferencing block
- 3434
- Kalibriersignalcalibration
- 3535
- Ein/AusgabeblockI / O block
- 3636
- Datendates
- 37 - 3937 - 39
- Ein/AusgabeblockI / O block
- 4040
- SollwertvorgabeblockSetpoint block
- 4141
- DifferenzbildungsblockDifferencing block
- 4242
- Kommunikationsblockcommunication block
Claims (16)
mit einer Anzahl von Betriebsgeräten (12, 13) zum Betrieb von Lampen (14, 15), wobei die Lampen (14, 15) einer gemeinsamen Teilnehmergruppe (16) des Beleuchtungssystems (10) zugeordnet sind,
mit einem Hauptsteuergerät (11), an das die Betriebsgeräte (12, 13) über einen DALI-Steuerbus (17) angeschlossen sind,
mit einem Extender (18), der über den DALI-Steuerbus (17) mit dem Hauptsteuergerät (11) verbunden und über eine Adresse (23) adressiert ist,
mit mehreren Sensoren (19 - 21), die jeweils mindestens ein Element (25) zur Erzeugung eines die Helligkeit kennzeichnenden Signals (27) aufweisen und die an den Extender (18) angeschlossen sind, wobei:
with a number of operating devices (12, 13) for operating lamps (14, 15), the lamps (14, 15) being associated with a common subscriber group (16) of the lighting system (10),
with a main control unit (11) to which the operating devices (12, 13) are connected via a DALI control bus (17),
with an extender (18) which is connected via the DALI control bus (17) to the main control unit (11) and addressed via an address (23),
multi-sensor (19-21) each having at least one signal (25) for generating a brightness indicative signal (27) and connected to the extender (18), wherein:
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EP12198213.6A EP2747521B1 (en) | 2012-12-19 | 2012-12-19 | Illumination system having DALI bus and a plurality of brightness sensors connected to a DALI control unit. |
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EP12198213.6A EP2747521B1 (en) | 2012-12-19 | 2012-12-19 | Illumination system having DALI bus and a plurality of brightness sensors connected to a DALI control unit. |
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EP2747521A1 true EP2747521A1 (en) | 2014-06-25 |
EP2747521B1 EP2747521B1 (en) | 2017-07-05 |
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Cited By (1)
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CN112770463A (en) * | 2021-02-02 | 2021-05-07 | 深圳零匙科技有限公司 | Control system and method for opening and closing street lamp |
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WO2008040390A1 (en) * | 2006-10-05 | 2008-04-10 | Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH | Lighting system and method for operating a lighting system |
EP2247166A2 (en) * | 2009-04-30 | 2010-11-03 | Zumtobel Lighting GmbH | Control device for controlling a light or lighting assembly |
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DE102004053709A1 (en) | 2004-11-03 | 2006-05-04 | Schneck, Katrin, Dr. | Remote control device for electrical power consumer e.g. for street lights, includes communication module with transmission section |
EP1689214A1 (en) * | 2005-02-08 | 2006-08-09 | iGUZZINI ILLUMINAZIONE S.p.A. | Method for programming and installing a lighting network |
WO2008040390A1 (en) * | 2006-10-05 | 2008-04-10 | Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH | Lighting system and method for operating a lighting system |
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