EP2744597B1 - Electronic fine dust separator - Google Patents

Electronic fine dust separator Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2744597B1
EP2744597B1 EP12780398.9A EP12780398A EP2744597B1 EP 2744597 B1 EP2744597 B1 EP 2744597B1 EP 12780398 A EP12780398 A EP 12780398A EP 2744597 B1 EP2744597 B1 EP 2744597B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fine dust
dust particles
perforated plates
electrode
deposition
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EP12780398.9A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2744597A1 (en
Inventor
Peter Oertmann
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Oertmann Peter
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Oertmann Peter
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Priority claimed from DE102011110805.3A external-priority patent/DE102011110805B4/en
Priority claimed from DE201120104657 external-priority patent/DE202011104657U1/en
Application filed by Oertmann Peter filed Critical Oertmann Peter
Publication of EP2744597A1 publication Critical patent/EP2744597A1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/02—Plant or installations having external electricity supply
    • B03C3/04—Plant or installations having external electricity supply dry type
    • B03C3/09—Plant or installations having external electricity supply dry type characterised by presence of stationary flat electrodes arranged with their flat surfaces at right angles to the gas stream
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/02—Plant or installations having external electricity supply
    • B03C3/04—Plant or installations having external electricity supply dry type
    • B03C3/14—Plant or installations having external electricity supply dry type characterised by the additional use of mechanical effects, e.g. gravity
    • B03C3/145—Inertia
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/34—Constructional details or accessories or operation thereof
    • B03C3/36—Controlling flow of gases or vapour
    • B03C3/361—Controlling flow of gases or vapour by static mechanical means, e.g. deflector
    • B03C3/366—Controlling flow of gases or vapour by static mechanical means, e.g. deflector located in the filter, e.g. special shape of the electrodes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/34—Constructional details or accessories or operation thereof
    • B03C3/40—Electrode constructions
    • B03C3/41—Ionising-electrodes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/34—Constructional details or accessories or operation thereof
    • B03C3/40—Electrode constructions
    • B03C3/45—Collecting-electrodes
    • B03C3/47—Collecting-electrodes flat, e.g. plates, discs, gratings
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
    • G03G21/00—Arrangements not provided for by groups G03G13/00 - G03G19/00, e.g. cleaning, elimination of residual charge
    • G03G21/20—Humidity or temperature control also ozone evacuation; Internal apparatus environment control
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C2201/00—Details of magnetic or electrostatic separation
    • B03C2201/04—Ionising electrode being a wire

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electronic fine dust separator which removes in particular fine dust particles in the range of 0.05-0.5 ⁇ m from gases and which can preferably be used as a fine dust separator in the purification of exhaust air from the printing and copying technique.
  • a filter system for filtering the exhaust air in copying and printing operations, wherein the filter system has at least one flat trained fine dust filter made of paper, textile fabric or the like and a closure means which serves to attach the filter system directly on the fine dust emitting opening of the device.
  • Particulate matter is extremely harmful to health and can lead to headaches, irritated eyes and even cancer.
  • particle sizes of 0.05 .mu.m-0.500 .mu.m, since these are not excreted by the human body.
  • the present invention is not limited to this application.
  • electrostatic precipitators based on the electrostatic principle. In this case, an electric charge is generated. The dust particles are charged by passing the dust particles through the electric field. The charged dust particles are transported to the precipitation electrode, adhere to this precipitation electrode and must be removed at intervals. Exemplary here on the DE 20 2009 015 871 U1 . DE 20 2010 015 173 U1 . DE 35 35 826 C2 or the EP 1 033 171 B1 to get expelled.
  • the DE 20 2009 015 871 U1 describes a high performance air cleaner with a housing and an air duct disposed therein, with a positive (negative) charged, arranged in the air duct dust collector and at least one electric blower, wherein the dust collector is formed as a labyrinth and positively (negatively) charged dust collecting plates, which at two opposite Side of the air duct are arranged in a stacked manner.
  • U1 is a device of any three-dimensional shape known in the interior at prescribed intervals, plates are firmly mounted on whose ends electrical plus, minus or Zero voltage lines are applied, which generate by means of a voltage between 220 V and 1000 V, an electrostatic field around these plates whose surface is roughened.
  • the surfaces of the plates are provided with holes arranged so that the drill holes located on the preceding plate surface do not coincide vertically, horizontally and diagonally with the bore hole on the subsequent plate surface, so that dust particles surrounding the drill holes in one After having passed the first bore opening cross-section and impinging in the space between the first and second plates, airflow will be deflected and retained on the surface of the second-bearing plate due to the electrostatic charging of the plate.
  • separators are based, in one way or another, on the ionization of the particles by a high voltage electrical field so that they can be trapped and trapped by electrostatic forces.
  • the underlying technical mechanism of charge generation is impact ionization, in which the free electrons present in the gas in the electric field of the corona in the vicinity of the spray electrode are greatly accelerated.
  • the charging process takes place with the small dust particles (d ⁇ 0.1 ⁇ m) by diffusion charging.
  • the dust particles are charged by shocks caused by the thermal movement of the gas molecules.
  • the particles are positively charged ⁇ 0.1 ⁇ m to approx. 40 ⁇ m (Penney principle) because no ozone is generated. In large industrial filters one uses the negative charge of the dust particles (Cotrell principle).
  • the Penney principle uses a positive corona, which is generated around the positively poled spray electrode.
  • the ionization takes place at 12 to 14 KV.
  • the precipitation zone in this case has plate capacitors with alternately negative and positively charged precipitation plates ( Stello, Mechanical Process Engineering, Bad 2, Spinger Berlin 1997, p. 40, 45 . DE 10 2006 033 945 B4 ).
  • the object of the invention is to propose a filter which removes maintenance-free fine dust particles, preferably of the order of 0.05-0.5 ⁇ m, reliably and over a defined period of time from a stream of air.
  • the electrodes used are screen-like or net-like, preferably forming a flat surface.
  • the voltage applied to the package output side electrode or electrodes is sized so as to effect impact ionization in the ionization space between the last hole plate and the package output side electrode (s).
  • the electrically non-conductive perforated plates are preferably made of a plastic.
  • the distance between adjacent perforated plates and the hole size are matched to the gas flow so that the emerging gas stream causes a suction to the storage surface when hitting the storage surface of the following perforated plate in its center.
  • Fig. 1 shows the cross section of a preferred embodiment of the apparatus for the electrostatic deposition of particulate matter 9, 10, 11 of particulate matter contained exhaust air from copying technology in the flow direction 14th
  • the distance (a) between the plastic plates 6 in this embodiment is 2-3 mm and the width (b) of the ionization space 8 is 2-4 mm.
  • the electrodes 4 and 5 are sieves with screen wire diameters of 0.05 mm and smaller, each forming a flat surface.
  • the perforated plates 6 are made of an electrically non-conductive plastic, wherein the surface of the perforated plates 6 is roughened.
  • the hole diameter of the openings 7 of the perforated plates 6 is 1.5-2.2 mm, preferably 1.8-2 mm and the distance of the centers of adjacent openings 7 to each other is about 6 mm.
  • the fine dust separator has a compact shape. Despite this comparatively small spatial extent of about 15-25 mm in the flow direction 14, the separator allows e.g. Fine dust adsorption in the production of about 100 000 copies, without requiring maintenance.
  • Fig. 2 shows a section of two successive perforated plates 6.1 and 6.2.
  • the openings 7 of the perforated plate 6.2 are arranged offset to the openings 7 of the perforated plate 6.1.
  • the distance (a) between the perforated plates 6.1 and 6.2 is 2 - 3 mm and is matched to the hole size to the gas flow, that the escaping gas flow on impact with the support surface 13 of the perforated plate 6.2 in its center a suction to the storage surface 13 out leaves.
  • the exhaust air loaded with fine dust particles 9, 10, 11 strikes the electrically non-conductive perforated plate 6.1 after flowing through the grounded electrode 4 and enters through the openings 7 in the intermediate space between the perforated plates 6.1 and 6.2.
  • the particulate matter has either a positive 11, a negative 9 or no charge 10.
  • the remaining particulate matter fraction bounces off the support surface 13 and strikes the outflow side of the perforated plate 6.1. Due to the effect of the electric field, 12 parts of the positively charged fine dust particles 11 deposit on this outflow side on the storage surfaces provided here.
  • the remaining particulate matter fraction passed through the openings 7 of the perforated plate 6.2 in the space between the perforated plates 6.2 and 6.3. Here, the deposition process is repeated in the manner described above.
  • a blockage of the openings 7 and the interstices is avoided in that a reduction of the flow cross-section leads to higher flow velocities, whereby system forces are overcome and the further flowing in the next space fine particulate matter increases.
  • Fig. 3 shows the ionization space 8 between the last hole plate 6.4 and the electrode 5, which is positively poled and at which a voltage of 8 - 14 KV is applied. Due to the separation of positively and negatively charged particulate matter, only particles with a very weak charge or neutral particulate matter 10 enter the ionization space 8. These fine dust particles 10 and the fine dust particles with low charge are positively charged in the ionization space by diffusion charging, with the result that they move in the direction of the downstream side of the last perforated plate 6 and accumulate here. The removal of charge-less fine dust particles 10 or fine dust particles with too little charge thus takes place after the last perforated plate by charging in a Ionisationsraum 8 and deposition on the downstream side of the last perforated plate. 6

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen elektronischen Feinstaubabscheider, der insbesondere Feinstaubpartikel im Bereich von 0,05 - 0,5 µm aus Gasen entfernt und der vorzugsweise als Feinstaubabscheider bei der Reinigung von Abluft aus der Druck- und Kopiertechnik einsetzbar ist.The invention relates to an electronic fine dust separator which removes in particular fine dust particles in the range of 0.05-0.5 μm from gases and which can preferably be used as a fine dust separator in the purification of exhaust air from the printing and copying technique.

Bekannt ist aus der DE 20 2007 011 263 U1 ein Filtersystem zum Filtern der Abluft bei Kopier- und Druckvorgängen, bei dem das Filtersystem mindestens einen flach ausgebildeten Feinstaubfilter aus Papier, Textilgewebe oder dergleichen sowie ein Verschlussmittel aufweist, das zur Befestigung des Filtersystems direkt auf der feinstaubabgebenden Öffnung des Gerätes dient.Is known from the DE 20 2007 011 263 U1 a filter system for filtering the exhaust air in copying and printing operations, wherein the filter system has at least one flat trained fine dust filter made of paper, textile fabric or the like and a closure means which serves to attach the filter system directly on the fine dust emitting opening of the device.

Derartige Filter haben den Nachteil, dass sie sich sehr schnell zusetzen, der Filterwiderstand sich erhöht und damit die Funktionsfähigkeit der notwendigen Lüftung (Kühlung) infrage gestellt wird.Such filters have the disadvantage that they clog up very quickly, the filter resistance increases and thus the functionality of the necessary ventilation (cooling) is questioned.

Aus der DE 20 2010 010 652 U1 ist es weiter bekannt, in einer Hülse angeordnete Metallfädenfilter, Metallblechfilter oder Stahlwolle einem magnetischen Feld auszusetzen, so dass der Feinstaub aus der Luft beim Durchströmen der Hülse absorbiert wird.From the DE 20 2010 010 652 U1 It is also known, in a sleeve arranged metal filament filter, metal sheet filter or steel wool suspend a magnetic field, so that the fine dust from the air is absorbed when flowing through the sleeve.

Hintergrund dieser Entwicklungen ist die Tatsache, dass durch die Übertragung des Toners auf das Papier sowie die Erhitzung beim Druck- oder Kopiervorgang winzige Partikel im Nanobereich freigesetzt werden. Es gilt zwischenzeitlich als erwiesen, dass Laserdrucker und Farbkopierer zu den stärksten Feinstaub-Quellen zählen.Background of these developments is the fact that the transfer of the toner on the paper and the heating during printing or copying tiny particles are released in the nano range. It has been proven in the meantime that laser printers and color copiers are among the most powerful sources of particulate matter.

Feinstaub ist enorm gesundheitsschädlich und kann unter anderem zu Kopfschmerzen, gereizten Augen und sogar Krebs führen. Von besonderem Interesse sind dabei Partikelgrößen von 0,05 µm - 0,500 µm, da diese durch den menschlichen Körper nicht ausgeschieden werden. Die vorliegende Erfindung ist jedoch nicht auf diesen Anwendungsfall begrenzt.Particulate matter is extremely harmful to health and can lead to headaches, irritated eyes and even cancer. Of particular interest are particle sizes of 0.05 .mu.m-0.500 .mu.m, since these are not excreted by the human body. However, the present invention is not limited to this application.

Bekannt sind auch Elektroabscheider, die auf dem elektrostatischen Prinzip beruhen. Dabei wird eine elektrische Ladung erzeugt. Die Aufladung der Staubpartikel erfolgt beim Durchleiten der die Staubpartikel enthaltenen Luft durch das elektrische Feld. Die geladenen Staubpartikel werden zur Niederschlagselektrode transportiert, haften an dieser Niederschlagselektrode an und müssen in zeitlichen Abständen entfernt werden. Beispielhaft soll hier auf die DE 20 2009 015 871 U1 , DE 20 2010 015 173 U1 , DE 35 35 826 C2 oder die EP 1 033 171 B1 verwiesen werden.Also known are electrostatic precipitators based on the electrostatic principle. In this case, an electric charge is generated. The dust particles are charged by passing the dust particles through the electric field. The charged dust particles are transported to the precipitation electrode, adhere to this precipitation electrode and must be removed at intervals. Exemplary here on the DE 20 2009 015 871 U1 . DE 20 2010 015 173 U1 . DE 35 35 826 C2 or the EP 1 033 171 B1 to get expelled.

Die DE 20 2009 015 871 U1 beschreibt ein Hochleistungsluftreinigungsgerät mit einem Gehäuse und einem darin angeordneten Luftkanal, mit einem positiv (negativ) geladenen, im Luftkanal angeordneten Staubsammler und wenigstens einem elektrischen Gebläse, wobei der Staubsammler als Labyrinth ausgebildet ist und positiv (negativ) geladene Staubsammelplatten aufweist, die an zwei gegenüberliegenden Seiten des Luftkanals in gestapelter Weise angeordnet sind.The DE 20 2009 015 871 U1 describes a high performance air cleaner with a housing and an air duct disposed therein, with a positive (negative) charged, arranged in the air duct dust collector and at least one electric blower, wherein the dust collector is formed as a labyrinth and positively (negatively) charged dust collecting plates, which at two opposite Side of the air duct are arranged in a stacked manner.

Aus der DE 20 2010 015 173 U1 ist eine Vorrichtung einer beliebig dreidimensionalen Form bekannt, in deren Innern in vorgeschriebenen Abständen, Platten fest montiert sind, an deren Enden elektrische Plus-, Minus- bzw.
Nullspannungsleitungen angelegt sind, die mittels einer Spannung zwischen 220 V und 1000 V ein elektrostatisches Feld um diese Platten erzeugen, deren Oberfläche aufgerauht ist. Die Oberflächen der Platten sind mit Löchern versehen, die so angeordnet sind, dass die an der vorhergehenden Plattenoberfläche befindlichen Bohröffnungen sowohl vertikal, horizontal als auch diagonal mit den auf der darauf folgenden Plattenoberfläche bestehenden Bohröffnung nicht übereinstimmen, so dass Staubpartikel, die die Bohröffnungen in einem Luftstrom durchlaufen nach dem Passieren des ersten Bohröffnungsquerschnitts und dem Auftreffen in dem Zwischenraum zwischen der ersten und der zweiten Platte abgelenkt werden und auf der Oberfläche der zweitgelagerten Platte aufgrund der elektrostatischen Aufladung der Platte festgehalten werden.From the DE 20 2010 015 173 U1 is a device of any three-dimensional shape known in the interior at prescribed intervals, plates are firmly mounted on whose ends electrical plus, minus or
Zero voltage lines are applied, which generate by means of a voltage between 220 V and 1000 V, an electrostatic field around these plates whose surface is roughened. The surfaces of the plates are provided with holes arranged so that the drill holes located on the preceding plate surface do not coincide vertically, horizontally and diagonally with the bore hole on the subsequent plate surface, so that dust particles surrounding the drill holes in one After having passed the first bore opening cross-section and impinging in the space between the first and second plates, airflow will be deflected and retained on the surface of the second-bearing plate due to the electrostatic charging of the plate.

Typischerweise beruhen solche Abscheider in der einen oder anderen Weise auf der Ionisierung der Partikel durch ein elektrisches Feld mit festgelegter hoher Spannung, so dass diese durch elektrostatische Kräfte gefangen und festgehalten werden können. Der dahinter stehende technische Mechanismus der Ladungserzeugung ist die Stoßionisation, bei der im Gas vorhandene freie Elektronen im elektrischen Feld der Korona in der Umgebung der Sprühelektrode stark beschleunigt werden.Typically, such separators are based, in one way or another, on the ionization of the particles by a high voltage electrical field so that they can be trapped and trapped by electrostatic forces. The underlying technical mechanism of charge generation is impact ionization, in which the free electrons present in the gas in the electric field of the corona in the vicinity of the spray electrode are greatly accelerated.

Beim Auftreffen auf Gasmoleküle werden entweder weitere Elektronen abgespaltet oder an die Gasmoleküle angelagert. Im ersten Fall entstehen so neue freie Elektronen und positive Gasionen, im zweiten Fall negative Gasionen. Die positiven Gasionen werden vom Sprühgitter neutralisiert, während die negativen Ladungen (freie Elektronen und Gasionen) in Richtung der Niederschlagselektrode wandern. Die Aufladung eines Staubteilchens beginnt mit seinem Eintritt in den vom Sprühstrom durchflossenen Raum und wird verursacht durch die Anlagerung von Ladungen, wenn diese mit dem Staubkorn zusammenstoßen.When hitting gas molecules, either further electrons are split off or attached to the gas molecules. In the first case new free electrons and positive gas ions are generated, in the second case negative gas ions. The positive gas ions are neutralized by the spray grid, while the negative charges (free electrons and gas ions) travel in the direction of the precipitation electrode. The charging of a dust particle begins with its entry into the space traversed by the spray stream and is caused by the accumulation of charges when they collide with the dust grain.

Der Aufladevorgang erfolgt bei den kleinen Staubpartikeln (d < 0,1 µm) durch Diffusionsaufladung. Dabei werden die Staubpartikel durch von der thermischen Bewegung der Gasmoleküle verursachte Stoßvorgänge aufgeladen.The charging process takes place with the small dust particles (d <0.1 μm) by diffusion charging. The dust particles are charged by shocks caused by the thermal movement of the gas molecules.

In kleineren Abscheidern werden die Partikel < 0,1 µm bis ca. 40 µm positiv geladen (Penney-Prinzip), weil dabei kein Ozon entsteht. In großen Industriefiltern nutzt man die Negativaufladung der Staubteilchen (Cotrell-Prinzip).In smaller separators, the particles are positively charged <0.1 μm to approx. 40 μm (Penney principle) because no ozone is generated. In large industrial filters one uses the negative charge of the dust particles (Cotrell principle).

Beim Penney-Prinzip wird mit einer positiven Korona gearbeitet, die um die positiv gepolte Sprühelektrode erzeugt wird. Die Ionisation erfolgt bei 12 bis 14 KV. Die Niederschlagszone weist dabei Plattenkondensatoren mit abwechselnd negativ und positiv geladenen Niederschlagsplatten auf ( Stieß, Mechanische Verfahrenstechnik, Bad 2, Spinger Berlin 1997, S. 40, 45 , DE 10 2006 033 945 B4 ).The Penney principle uses a positive corona, which is generated around the positively poled spray electrode. The ionization takes place at 12 to 14 KV. The precipitation zone in this case has plate capacitors with alternately negative and positively charged precipitation plates ( Stieß, Mechanical Process Engineering, Bad 2, Spinger Berlin 1997, p. 40, 45 . DE 10 2006 033 945 B4 ).

Für den genannten Verwendungszweck der Filterung von Feinstäuben aus der Abluft von Druck- und Kopiertechnik sind die nach dem Cotrell-Prinzip arbeitenden Abscheider wegen des entstehenden Ozons nachteilig und die ausschließlich nach dem Penney-Prinzip arbeitenden wegen der Partikelablöungsgefahr.
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, einen Filter vorzuschlagen, der zuverlässig und über einen definierten Zeitraum wartungsfrei Feinstaubpartikel, vorzugsweise in der Größenordnung von 0,05 - 0,5 µm aus einem Luftstrom entfernt.For the stated purpose of filtering fine dusts from the exhaust air of printing and copying, the separators operating on the Cotrell principle are disadvantageous because of the ozone which is produced and which work exclusively on the Penney principle because of the risk of particle decomposition.
The object of the invention is to propose a filter which removes maintenance-free fine dust particles, preferably of the order of 0.05-0.5 μm, reliably and over a defined period of time from a stream of air.

Gelöst wird diese Aufgabe mit den Merkmalen des Verfahrensanspruches 1 und des Vorrichtungsanspruches 5. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen sind Gegenstand der Unteransprüche.
Bei einem Verfahren zum elektrostatischen Abscheiden von Feinstaubpartikeln aus Feinstaubpartikel enthaltenen Gasen, wobei die Gase ein Gehäuse durchströmen in dem zwischen einer gehäuseeingangsseitigen Elektrode und mindestens einer gehäuseausgangsseitigen Elektrode ein elektrisches Feld besteht, wobei bei einer Polung a) die gehäuseeingangsseitige Elektrode negativ gepolt oder geerdet ist und die mindestens eine gehäuseausgangsseitige Elektrode positiv gepolt ist oder bei einer Polung b) die gehäuseeingangsseitige Elektrode positiv gepolt und die mindestens eine gehäuseausgangsseitige Elektrode negativ gepolt oder geerdet ist,
die Feinstoffpartikel sich beidseitig an den zwischen der gehäuseeingangsseitigen und der oder den gehäuseausgangsseitigen Elektroden und quer zur Strömungsrichtung angeordneten Lochplatten ablagern, wobei die Lochplatten Öffnungen für den Gasstrom und an- und abströmseitig Ablageflächen für Feinstaubpartikel aufweisen und die Öffnungen benachbarter Lochplatten in Strömungsrichtung versetzt zueinander angeordnet sind, wird erfindungsgemäß vorgeschlagen, dass
bei der Polung a) das Entfernen von negativ geladenen Feinstaubpartikeln durch Ablagerung auf den anströmseitigen Ablageflächen der nicht elektrisch leitfähigen Lochplatten und das Entfernen von positiv geladenen Feinstaubpartikeln durch Ablagerung auf den abströmseitigen Ablageflächen der nicht elektrisch leitfähigen Lochplatten erfolgt und
bei der Polung b) die Ablageflächen durch Feinstaubpartikeln mit umgekehrtem Vorzeichen belegt werden,
der aus den Öffnungen der nicht elektrisch leitfähigen Lochplatten austretende Gasstrom beim Auftreffen auf die Ablagefläche der folgenden Lochplatte in seinem Zentrum einen Sog zur Ablagefläche hin entstehen lässt und
ein Entfernen von ladungslosen Feinstaubpartikeln oder von Feinstaubpartikeln mit zu geringer Ladung nach der letzten Lochplatte durch Aufladen in einem Ionisationsraum und Ablagerung auf der abströmseitigen Ablagefläche der letzten Lochplatte vorgenommen wird.This object is achieved with the features of method claim 1 and the device claim 5. Advantageous embodiments are the subject of the dependent claims.
In a method for the electrostatic separation of particulate matter from particulate matter contained gases, wherein the gases pass through a housing in which an electric field between a housing input side electrode and at least one housing output side electrode, wherein in a polarity a) the housing input side electrode is negatively poled or grounded and the at least one housing output-side electrode is positively poled or, in the case of a polarity b), the positive pole of the housing-input-side electrode and the at least one housing-output-side electrode is negatively poled or earthed,
the fine particles deposit on both sides of the arranged between the housing input side and the housing output side electrodes and transverse to the flow direction perforated plates, the perforated plates openings for the gas flow and on the downstream and deposition surfaces for particulate matter and the openings of adjacent perforated plates are arranged offset in the flow direction to each other , According to the invention, it is proposed that
in poling a) the removal of negatively charged particulate matter by deposition on the upstream side Storage surfaces of the non-electrically conductive perforated plates and the removal of positively charged particulate matter by depositing on the downstream depositing surfaces of the non-electrically conductive perforated plates takes place and
when polarity b) the depositing surfaces are covered by particulate matter of opposite sign,
the emerging from the openings of the non-electrically conductive perforated plates gas flow on impact with the support surface of the following perforated plate in its center creates a suction towards the storage area out and
removal of charge-free fine dust particles or fine dust particles with too little charge after the last perforated plate is made by charging in an ionization chamber and depositing on the downstream storage surface of the last perforated plate.

Bei der Polung b) der Elektroden erfolgt gehäuseausgangsseitig eine Ozonbeseitigung.When poling b) of the electrodes takes place on the outlet side ozone elimination.

Neben den elektrostatische Kräften wirkt so eine zusätzliche Kraft zur Ablagerung von Feinstaubpartikeln.In addition to the electrostatic forces acts as an additional force for the deposition of particulate matter.

Durch eine Gasstromentspannung im Ionisationsraum lässt sich in einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der für die Ionisation zur Verfügung stehende Zeitraum erhöhen.By a gas flow tension in the ionization space can be increased in a further advantageous embodiment of the time available for the ionization period.

Das Aufladen der ladungslosen Feinstaubpartikel oder von Feinstaubpartikeln mit zu geringer Ladung erfolgt im Ionisationsraum durch eine Diffusionsaufladung.Charging the charge-free fine dust particles or fine dust particles with insufficient charge takes place in the ionization space by means of diffusion charging.

Bei einer Vorrichtung zum elektrostatischen Abscheiden von Feinstaubpartikeln aus Feinstaubpartikel enthaltenen Gasen bei der mindestens in einem Gehäuse in Strömungsrichtung zwischen einer Einströmöffnung und einer Ausströmöffnung nacheinander und beabstandet angeordnet sind:

  • eine gehäuseeingangsseitige Elektrode,
  • zwei oder mehr quer zur Strömungsrichtung das Gehäuse ausfüllende Lochplatten mit Öffnungen und Ablageflächen für Feinstaubpartikel, wobei die Öffnungen benachbarter Lochplatten in Strömungsrichtung versetzt angeordnet sind und
  • eine oder mehrere gehäuseausgangsseitige Elektroden,
    wobei zwischen der gehäuseeingangsseitigen Elektrode und der oder den gehäuseausgangsseitigen Elektroden ein elektrisches Feld besteht,
ist erfindungsgemäß vorgesehen, dass die Lochplatten aus einem elektrisch nicht leitfähigen Material bestehen, die gehäuseausgangsseitigen Elektroden eine größere Gasdurchströmfläche aufweisen als die letzte Lochplatte und zwischen der letzten Lochplatte und der ersten gehäuseausgangsseitigen Elektrode ein Ionisationsraum zum Aufladen ladungsloser Feinstaubpartikeln oder von Feinstaubpartikeln mit zu geringer Ladung besteht.In a device for the electrostatic separation of fine dust particles from fine dust particles contained gases in which at least in a housing in the flow direction between an inflow opening and an outflow opening are arranged sequentially and spaced:
  • a housing input side electrode,
  • two or more transverse to the flow direction of the housing filling perforated plates with openings and shelves for particulate matter, wherein the openings of adjacent perforated plates are arranged offset in the flow direction and
  • one or more housing output side electrodes,
    wherein there is an electric field between the housing input side electrode and the housing output side electrode (s),
According to the invention, it is provided that the perforated plates consist of an electrically non-conductive material, the housing-side electrodes have a larger gas flow area than the last perforated plate and an ionization space between the last perforated plate and the first housing-side electrode for charging charge-less fine dust particles or fine dust particles with too little charge ,

Die eingesetzten Elektroden sind siebartig oder netzartig ausgebildet, vorzugsweise eine ebene Fläche bildend.The electrodes used are screen-like or net-like, preferably forming a flat surface.

Durch die gegenüber der letzten Lochplatte größere Durchströmfläche der gehäuseausgangsseitigen Elektrode oder der Elektroden findet im Ionisationsraum eine Gasentspannung statt, wodurch sich die für die Ionisation zur Verfügung stehende Zeit vergrößert.By compared to the last perforated plate larger flow area of the housing output side electrode or the electrodes takes place in the ionization space, a gas relaxation, which increases the time available for the ionization time.

Die an die gehäuseausgangsseitige Elektrode oder die Elektroden angelegte Spannung ist so bemessen, dass eine Stoßionisation im Ionisationsraum zwischen der letzten Lochplatte und der oder den gehäuseausgangsseitigen Elektroden bewirkbar ist.The voltage applied to the package output side electrode or electrodes is sized so as to effect impact ionization in the ionization space between the last hole plate and the package output side electrode (s).

Die elektrisch nicht leitfähigen Lochplatten bestehen vorzugsweise aus einem Kunststoff.The electrically non-conductive perforated plates are preferably made of a plastic.

Der Abstand zwischen benachbarten Lochplatten und die Lochgröße sind so auf die Gasströmung abgestimmt, dass der austretende Gasstrom beim Auftreffen auf die Ablagefläche der folgenden Lochplatte in seinem Zentrum einen Sog zur Ablagefläche hin entstehen lässt.The distance between adjacent perforated plates and the hole size are matched to the gas flow so that the emerging gas stream causes a suction to the storage surface when hitting the storage surface of the following perforated plate in its center.

Der Feinstaubabscheider soll an einem Ausführungsbeispiel erläutert werden. Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
den Querschnitt in Strömungsrichtung,
Fig. 2
das Ablagern von Feinstaubparikeln,
Fig. 3
den Ionisationsraum und
Fig. 4
den Konzentrationsverlauf von Feinstaubpartikeln vor und hinter dem Abscheider bei eingeschaltetem Abscheider und nach dem Abschalten des Abscheiders.
The Feinstaubabscheider will be explained on an exemplary embodiment. Show it:
Fig. 1
the cross section in the direction of flow,
Fig. 2
the deposition of particulate matter,
Fig. 3
the ionization space and
Fig. 4
the concentration curve of fine dust particles in front of and behind the separator when the separator is switched on and after switching off the separator.

Fig. 1 zeigt den Querschnitt einer bevorzugten Ausführung der Vorrichtung zum elektrostatischen Abscheiden von Feinstaubpartikeln 9, 10, 11 aus Feinstaubpartikel enthaltener Abluft aus Kopiertechnik in Strömungsrichtung 14. Fig. 1 shows the cross section of a preferred embodiment of the apparatus for the electrostatic deposition of particulate matter 9, 10, 11 of particulate matter contained exhaust air from copying technology in the flow direction 14th

Im Gehäuse 1 sind in Strömungsrichtung 14 zwischen der Einströmöffnung 2 und der Ausströmöffnung 3 nacheinander und beabstandet angeordnet:

  • eine Elektrode 4, die geerdet ist oder negativ gepolt ist
  • vier quer zur Strömungsrichtung 14 das Gehäuse 1 ausfüllende Lochplatten 6, wobei die Öffnungen 7 benachbarter Lochplatten 6.1, 6.2; 6.2,6.3 und 6.3,6.4 in Strömungsrichtung 14 versetzt angeordnet sind und
  • vier Elektroden 5, die positiv gepolt sind.
In the housing 1 are arranged in the flow direction 14 between the inflow opening 2 and the outflow opening 3 successively and spaced:
  • an electrode 4 which is grounded or negatively poled
  • four transverse to the flow direction 14, the housing 1 filling perforated plates 6, wherein the openings 7 adjacent perforated plates 6.1, 6.2; 6.2,6.3 and 6.3,6.4 are arranged offset in the flow direction 14 and
  • four electrodes 5, which are positively poled.

Zwischen den Elektroden 4 und 5 besteht ein elektrisches Feld durch die an die Elektroden angelegte Spannung von 8 - 14 KV.Between the electrodes 4 and 5 there is an electric field through the voltage of 8-14 KV applied to the electrodes.

Der Abstand (a) zwischen den Kunststoffplatten 6 beträgt bei diesem Ausführungsbeispiel 2 - 3 mm und die Breite (b) des Ionisationsraumes 8 ist 2 - 4 mm.The distance (a) between the plastic plates 6 in this embodiment is 2-3 mm and the width (b) of the ionization space 8 is 2-4 mm.

Die Elektroden 4 und 5 sind Siebe mit Siebdrahtdurchmessern von 0,05 mm und kleiner, die jeweils eine ebene Fläche bilden.The electrodes 4 and 5 are sieves with screen wire diameters of 0.05 mm and smaller, each forming a flat surface.

Durch die an die Elektroden 5 anliegende Spannung von 8 - 14 KV ist im Ionisationsraum 8 zwischen der letzten Lochplatte 6.4 und den Elektroden 5 eine Stoßionisation bewirkbar.As a result of the voltage of 8-14 KV applied to the electrodes 5, impact ionization can be effected in the ionization space 8 between the last perforated plate 6.4 and the electrodes 5.

Die Lochplatten 6 bestehen aus einem elektrisch nicht leitfähigen Kunststoff, wobei die Oberfläche der Lochplatten 6 aufgerauht ist. Der Lochdurchmesser der Öffnungen 7 der Lochplatten 6 beträgt 1,5 - 2,2 mm, vorzugsweise 1,8 - 2 mm und der Abstand der Mittelpunkte benachbarter Öffnungen 7 zueinander beträgt ca. 6 mm.The perforated plates 6 are made of an electrically non-conductive plastic, wherein the surface of the perforated plates 6 is roughened. The hole diameter of the openings 7 of the perforated plates 6 is 1.5-2.2 mm, preferably 1.8-2 mm and the distance of the centers of adjacent openings 7 to each other is about 6 mm.

Die Beschreibung lässt erkennen, dass der Feinstaubabscheider eine kompakte Form aufweist. Trotz dieser vergleichsweise geringen räumlichen Ausdehnung von ca. 15 - 25 mm in Strömungsrichtung 14 gestattet der Abscheider z.B. die Feinstaubadsorption bei der Herstellung von rund 100 000 Kopien, ohne dass es einer Wartung bedarf.The description shows that the fine dust separator has a compact shape. Despite this comparatively small spatial extent of about 15-25 mm in the flow direction 14, the separator allows e.g. Fine dust adsorption in the production of about 100 000 copies, without requiring maintenance.

Die Funktionsweise soll anhand der Fig. 2 und der Fig. 3 erläutert werden.The mode of operation should be based on the Fig. 2 and the Fig. 3 be explained.

Fig. 2 zeigt einen Ausschnitt von zwei hintereinanderliegenden Lochplatten 6.1 und 6.2. Die Öffnungen 7 der Lochplatte 6.2 sind versetzt zu den Öffnungen 7 der Lochplatte 6.1 angeordnet. Fig. 2 shows a section of two successive perforated plates 6.1 and 6.2. The openings 7 of the perforated plate 6.2 are arranged offset to the openings 7 of the perforated plate 6.1.

Der Abstand (a) zwischen den Lochplatten 6.1 und 6.2 beträgt 2 - 3 mm und ist mit der Lochgröße so auf die Gasströmung abgestimmt, dass der austretende Gasstrom beim Auftreffen auf die Ablagefläche 13 der Lochplatte 6.2 in seinem Zentrum einen Sog zur Ablagefläche 13 hin entstehen lässt.
Die mit Feinstaubpartikeln 9, 10, 11 belastete Abluft trifft nach dem Durchströmen der geerdeten Elektrode 4 auf die elektrisch nichtleitende Lochplatte 6.1 und tritt durch die Öffnungen 7 in den Zwischenraum zwischen den Lochplatten 6.1 und 6.2 ein.The distance (a) between the perforated plates 6.1 and 6.2 is 2 - 3 mm and is matched to the hole size to the gas flow, that the escaping gas flow on impact with the support surface 13 of the perforated plate 6.2 in its center a suction to the storage surface 13 out leaves.
The exhaust air loaded with fine dust particles 9, 10, 11 strikes the electrically non-conductive perforated plate 6.1 after flowing through the grounded electrode 4 and enters through the openings 7 in the intermediate space between the perforated plates 6.1 and 6.2.

Die Feinstaubpartikel weisen entweder eine positive 11, eine negative 9 oder keine Ladung 10 auf.The particulate matter has either a positive 11, a negative 9 or no charge 10.

Beim Einströmen in den Zwischenraum zwischen den Lochplatten 6.1 und 6.2 prallen die Feinstaubpartikel 9, 10, 11 auf die Anströmseite der Lochplatte 6.2, auf die hier vorhandene Ablagefläche 13.
Dabei wirken auf die Feinstaubpartikel 9, 10, 11 Kräfte des elektrischen Feldes zwischen den Elektroden 4 und 5, Strömungskräfte und die vorn erläuterten Sogkräfte.
Beim Aufprallen auf die Ablagefläche 13 der Anströmseite der Lochplatte 6.2 bleiben wesentliche Feinstaubpartikelanteile mit negativer Ladung hier haften.When flowing into the intermediate space between the perforated plates 6.1 and 6.2, the fine dust particles 9, 10, 11 impinge on the inflow side of the perforated plate 6.2, on the depositing surface 13 present here.
In this case act on the particulate matter 9, 10, 11 forces of the electric field between the electrodes 4 and 5, flow forces and the above-mentioned suction forces.
When impacting on the support surface 13 of the inflow side of the perforated plate 6.2 remain essential particulate matter particles with negative charge stick here.

Der verbleibende Feinstaubpartikelanteil prallt von der Ablagefläche 13 ab und trifft auf die Abströmseite der Lochplatte 6.1. Aufgrund der Wirkung des elektrischen Feldes lagern sich auf dieser Abströmseite auf den hier vorhandenen Ablageflächen 12 Teile der positiv geladenen Feinstaubpartikel 11 ab.
Der verbleibende Feinstaubpartikelanteil gelagt durch die Öffnungen 7 der Lochplatte 6.2 in den Zwischenraum zwischen den Lochplatten 6.2 und 6.3. Hier wiederholt sich der Abscheidevorgang in der vorab geschilderten Weise.The remaining particulate matter fraction bounces off the support surface 13 and strikes the outflow side of the perforated plate 6.1. Due to the effect of the electric field, 12 parts of the positively charged fine dust particles 11 deposit on this outflow side on the storage surfaces provided here.
The remaining particulate matter fraction passed through the openings 7 of the perforated plate 6.2 in the space between the perforated plates 6.2 and 6.3. Here, the deposition process is repeated in the manner described above.

Eine Verstopfung der Öffnungen 7 bzw. der Zwischenräume wird dadurch vermieden, dass eine Reduzierung des Strömungsquerschnittes zu größeren Strömungsgeschwindigkeiten führt, wodurch Anlagekräfte überwunden werden und der in den nächsten Zwischenraum weiterströmende Feinstoffpartikelanteil sich vergrößert.A blockage of the openings 7 and the interstices is avoided in that a reduction of the flow cross-section leads to higher flow velocities, whereby system forces are overcome and the further flowing in the next space fine particulate matter increases.

Zusammenfassend lässt sich somit feststellen, dass das Entfernen von negativ geladenen Feinstaubpartikeln 9 durch Ablagerung auf der Anstörmseite der Lochplatten 6 erfolgt und das Entfernen von positiv geladenen Feinstaubpartikeln 11 durch Ablagerung auf der Abströmseite der Lochplatten 6.In summary, it can thus be stated that the removal of negatively charged fine dust particles 9 by Deposition takes place on the Anstörmseite the perforated plates 6 and the removal of positively charged particulate matter 11 by deposition on the downstream side of the perforated plates. 6

Fig. 3 zeigt den Ionisationsraum 8 zwischen der letzten Lochplatte 6.4 und der Elektrode 5, die positiv gepolt ist und an der eine Spannung von 8 - 14 KV anliegt.
Aufgrund der Abscheidung von positiv und negativ geladenen Feinstaubpartikeln treten in den Ionisationsraum 8 nur Partikel mit einer sehr schwachen Ladung oder neutrale Feinstaubpartikel 10 ein. Diese Feinstaubpartikel 10 und die Feinstaubpartikeln mit geringer Ladung werden im Ionisationsraum durch Diffusionsaufladung positiv aufgeladen, mit der Folge, dass sie sich in Richtung Abströmseite der letzten Lochplatte 6 bewegen und sich hier anlagern.
Das Entfernen von ladungslosen Feinstaubpartikeln 10 oder von Feinstaubpartikeln mit zu geringer Ladung erfolgt somit nach der letzten Lochplatte durch Aufladen in einem Ionisationsraum 8 und Ablagerung auf der Abströmseite der letzten Lochplatte 6. Fig. 3 shows the ionization space 8 between the last hole plate 6.4 and the electrode 5, which is positively poled and at which a voltage of 8 - 14 KV is applied.
Due to the separation of positively and negatively charged particulate matter, only particles with a very weak charge or neutral particulate matter 10 enter the ionization space 8. These fine dust particles 10 and the fine dust particles with low charge are positively charged in the ionization space by diffusion charging, with the result that they move in the direction of the downstream side of the last perforated plate 6 and accumulate here.
The removal of charge-less fine dust particles 10 or fine dust particles with too little charge thus takes place after the last perforated plate by charging in a Ionisationsraum 8 and deposition on the downstream side of the last perforated plate. 6

In Fig.4 ist der Konzentrationsverlauf von Feinstaubpartikeln vor dem Abscheider und nach dem Abscheider über die Zeit dargestellt. Mit dem vorgeschlagenen Abscheider werden mindestens Abscheideraten von 90 bis 96 % erreicht.In Figure 4 the concentration curve of particulate matter before the separator and after the separator is shown over time. With the proposed separator at least deposition rates of 90 to 96% are achieved.

Während nach dem Einschalten des Abscheiders die Feinstaubkonzentration (Kurve 3) sprunghaft abfällt und sich auf einen nahezu konstanten Wert einpegelt (Fig. oben) steigt die Konzentration mit dem Abschalten wieder deutlich an (Kurve 3 in Fig. unten).While after switching on the separator, the fine dust concentration (curve 3) drops abruptly and settles to a nearly constant value (see above), the concentration increases again significantly with the switch-off (curve 3 in FIG. 1 below).

BezugszeichenlisteLIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

11
Gehäusecasing
22
Einströmöffnunginflow
33
Ausströmöffnungoutflow
44
Elektrode geerdet oder minus gepoltElectrode earthed or minus poled
55
Elektroden positiv gepoltElectrodes positively poled
66
Lochplattenperforated plates
77
Öffnungen der LochplattenOpenings of the perforated plates
88th
Ionisationsraumionization
99
Feinstaubpartikel negativ geladenFine dust particles negatively charged
1010
Feinstaubpartikel ladungslosFine dust particles without charge
1111
Feinstabpartikel positiv geladenFine rod particles positively charged
1212
Ablagefläche abströmsseitigStorage surface downstream
1313
Ablagefläche anströmseitigStorage surface on the inflow side
1414
Strömungsrichtungflow direction

Claims (10)

  1. A method for the electrostatic separation of fine dust particles (9, 10, 11) from gases containing fine dust particles (9, 10, 11), wherein the gases flow through a housing (1), in which an electric field exists between one electrode (4) on the housing input side and at least one electrode (5) on the housing output side, wherein in the case of a polarity a), the electrode (4) on the housing input side has negative polarity or is earthed and the at least one electrode (5) on the housing output side has positive polarity or in the case of a polarity b), the electrode (4) on the housing input side has positive polarity and the at least one electrode (5) on the housing output side has negative polarity or is earthed,
    the fine dust particles (9, 10, 11) deposit on both sides on perforated plates (6) arranged between the electrodes (4) and (5) and transversely to the direction of flow (14), wherein the perforated plates (6) have openings (7) for the gas flow and deposition surfaces (13, 12) on the inflow and outflow side for fine dust particles (9, 10, 11) and the openings (7) of adjacent perforated plates (6.1, 6.2) are staggered in the direction of flow (14), characterized in that the perforated plates (6) are not electrically conductive,
    in the case of the polarity a), the removal of negatively charged fine dust particles (9) is effected by deposition on the deposition surfaces (13) on the inflow side of the electrically non-conductive perforated plates (6), and the removal of positively charged fine dust particles (11) is effected by deposition on the deposition surfaces (12) on the outflow side of the electrically non-conductive perforated plates (6), and
    in the case of the polarity b), the deposition surfaces (12, 13) are coated with fine dust particles (9, 11) opposite in sign,
    the gas flow exiting from the openings (7) of the electrically non-conductive perforated plates (6), on striking the deposition surface (13) of the following perforated plate (6), creates a suction towards the deposition surface (13) at its center, and
    a removal of fine dust particles (10) without charge or of fine dust particles with too low a charge is carried out after the last perforated plate (6) by means of charging in an ionization chamber (8) and deposition on the deposition surface (12) on the outflow side of the last perforated plate (6).
  2. The method according to Claim 1, characterized in that,
    in the case of the polarity b) of the electrodes (4, 5), ozone is eliminated on the housing output side.
  3. The method according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that gas relaxation takes place in the ionization chamber (8).
  4. The method according to any one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that
    the charging of the fine dust particles (10) without charge or of fine dust particles with too low a charge is effected in the ionization chamber (8) by means of diffusion charging.
  5. A device for the electrostatic separation of fine dust particles (9, 10, 11) from gases containing fine dust particles (9, 10, 11), in which the following are at least arranged one behind the other and spaced apart in a housing
    (1) in the direction of flow (14) between an inflow opening
    (2) and an outflow opening (3):
    - an electrode (4) on the inflow side,
    - two or more perforated plates (6) occupying the housing (1) transversely to the direction of flow (14) having openings (7) and deposition surfaces (12, 13) for fine dust particles (9, 10, 11), wherein the openings (7) of adjacent perforated plates (6.1, 6.2) are staggered in the direction of flow (14), and
    - one or more electrodes on the outflow side (5),
    wherein an electric field exists between the electrodes (4, 5), characterized in that
    the perforated plates (6) consist of an electrically non-conductive material, the electrodes (5) on the outflow side have a larger gas flow-through area than the last perforated plate (6.4), and an ionization chamber (8) for charging fine dust particles (10) without charge or fine dust particles with too low a charge exists between the last perforated plate (6.4) and the first electrode (5) on the outflow side.
  6. The device according to Claim 5, characterized in that
    the electrodes (4, 5) are formed as a sieve or a net, preferably forming a flat surface.
  7. The device according to Claim 5 or 6, characterized in that impact ionization can be produced in the ionization chamber (8) between the last perforated plate (6) and the first electrode (5) on the outflow side by voltage applied to the electrodes (5) on the outflow side.
  8. The device according to any one of Claims 5 to 7, characterized in that
    the perforated plates (6) consist of a plastic.
  9. The device according to any one of Claims 5 to 8, characterized in that
    the distance between adjacent perforated plates (6.1, 6.2) and the perforation size are adjusted to the gas flow such that the exiting gas flow, on striking the deposition surface (13) of the following perforated plate, creates a suction towards the deposition surface (13) at its center.
  10. The device according to any one of Claims 5 to 9, characterized in that
    the surface of the perforated plates (6) is roughened.
EP12780398.9A 2011-08-15 2012-08-13 Electronic fine dust separator Not-in-force EP2744597B1 (en)

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PCT/DE2012/000839 WO2013023644A1 (en) 2011-08-15 2012-08-13 Electronic fine dust separator

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WO2013023644A1 (en) 2013-02-21
US20140352535A1 (en) 2014-12-04
EP2744597A1 (en) 2014-06-25
US9550189B2 (en) 2017-01-24

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