EP2722615A1 - Röhrenverdampfer und Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Röhrenverdampfers - Google Patents

Röhrenverdampfer und Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Röhrenverdampfers Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2722615A1
EP2722615A1 EP20130189089 EP13189089A EP2722615A1 EP 2722615 A1 EP2722615 A1 EP 2722615A1 EP 20130189089 EP20130189089 EP 20130189089 EP 13189089 A EP13189089 A EP 13189089A EP 2722615 A1 EP2722615 A1 EP 2722615A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
shell
inf
sup
evaporator
tubes
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP20130189089
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2722615B1 (de
Inventor
Fabien Couturier
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Compagnie Industrielle dApplications Thermiques SA CIAT
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Compagnie Industrielle dApplications Thermiques SA CIAT
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D7/16—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged in parallel spaced relation
    • F28D7/163—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged in parallel spaced relation with conduit assemblies having a particular shape, e.g. square or annular; with assemblies of conduits having different geometrical features; with multiple groups of conduits connected in series or parallel and arranged inside common casing
    • F28D7/1653—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged in parallel spaced relation with conduit assemblies having a particular shape, e.g. square or annular; with assemblies of conduits having different geometrical features; with multiple groups of conduits connected in series or parallel and arranged inside common casing the conduit assemblies having a square or rectangular shape
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B39/00—Evaporators; Condensers
    • F25B39/02—Evaporators
    • F25B39/028—Evaporators having distributing means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F21/00—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials
    • F28F21/06—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials of plastics material
    • F28F21/067—Details
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/005—Other auxiliary members within casings, e.g. internal filling means or sealing means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
    • F28D2021/0061—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for phase-change applications
    • F28D2021/0064—Vaporizers, e.g. evaporators

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a tube and shell evaporator comprising a baffle for channeling a flow.
  • an evaporator In the field of heat pumps, it is known that an evaporator comprises a shell, a bundle of rectangular section tubes passing through the shell over its entire length and two connections allowing water inlet and outlet inside the shell. grille.
  • a refrigerant circuit such an evaporator receives as input a refrigerant and varies its temperature before reintroducing it to a higher temperature in the circuit. Its function is therefore to heat the refrigerant passing through a tubular bundle contained in the shell by taking heat from the outside environment, this heat source being the water introduced and then rejected into the shell through two connections.
  • the overall performance of the evaporator, and therefore the heat pump is related to the temperature homogeneity of the fluid contained in each of the tubes of the beam as it passes through the shell.
  • the fluid passing through the shell must heat up in the same way in each tube of the bundle.
  • the upper and lower parts of the shell, between the inner radial surface of the shell and the outer part of the tubular network which is closest thereto, are areas where the heat exchange between the water passing through the shell and the refrigerant flowing through the tubes is different from the heat exchange occurring at the central portion of the tubular bundle.
  • the first type of deflector is the addition of a set of false tubes placed so as to block the flow of water in the upper and lower parts of the calender.
  • the second type of deflector consists of the addition of a sheet placed longitudinally in the vicinity of the upper and lower parts of the tubular bundle.
  • deflector reduces the preferred exchange zone between the water of the shell and the lower and upper ends of the tube bundle.
  • the second type of deflector ensures a good seal, the water being forced to pass in contact with the tubular bundle.
  • its mounting is delicate and must be done in a perfect way to work properly. In particular, the games are proscribed.
  • GB-A-1,117,979 discloses a heat exchanger comprising a cylindrical calender and a bundle of tubes.
  • the bundle of tubes is wrapped in a package and the space between the package and the shell is filled with an intermediate agent cast inside the shell.
  • the tubes of the bundle are each housed in a hexagonal section sleeve which forms a honeycomb structure and which extends over most of the length of the exchanger. This structure is bulky and difficult to set up if the heat exchanger is long.
  • the invention intends to remedy more particularly by proposing a new evaporator in which the circulation of a flow is well controlled, this evaporator being of easy and economical manufacture and making it possible to limit the inhomogeneity of the rise. in temperature of the fluid passing through the tubular bundle.
  • the invention relates to a tube and shell evaporator.
  • the calender is cylindrical and provided with two inlet and outlet fluid connections.
  • the calender is also traversed along its length, between two end plates, by a bundle of tubes.
  • the evaporator comprises at least one deflector, for a flow flowing in the shell between the inlet and outlet taps, consisting of polymerized resin in place and filling a defined volume between, on the one hand, a portion of the inner radial surface of the shell and, on the other hand, an outer surface of the tube bundle.
  • the evaporator comprises baffles parallel to the end plates and defining between them a fluid flow path between the inlet and outlet connections, each of the baffles comprising at least one opening connecting two portions of polymerized resin amount located on either side of the baffle.
  • the introduction of a polymerizable liquid resin deflector allows an effective closure of the volume between the inner radial surfaces high and / or low of the calender and the upper and / or lower portions of the tubular bundle.
  • This closure of the aforementioned volume being performed using a polymerizable liquid resin, it is obtained easily and closer to the lower and / or upper parts of the tube bundle, which ensures a good seal and avoids leaks around the tube bundle.
  • the figure 1 is a perspective view of an evaporator 2 provided with two deflectors 14 inf , 14 sup polymerized resin.
  • Each of these deflectors 14 inf , 14 sup respectively comprises N sections 14 inf1 , ..., 14 infN and 14 sup1 , ..., 14 supN .
  • the evaporator 2 comprises a shell 4 comprising two end plates 42, 44 and a central cylindrical shell 46.
  • the ferrule 46 of the calender 4 is provided with two inlet 8a and 8b outlet of a fluid, such as pure water or mixed with mono-ethylene glycol or mono-propylene glycol. In the example of the figure 1 these connections are located on the same flank of the shell 46. At the figure 1 , the ferrule is shown partly broken away to view the inside of the evaporator 2. Similarly, two sections of the deflectors 14 inf , 14 sup , which are located in the fifth compartment of the calender from the left of the figure 1 , are not shown for a better visualization of the interior of the evaporator 2.
  • the calender 4 also comprises, along its length, baffles 12, parallel to the end plates 42 and 44. They delimit a fluid circulation path between the two connections 8a, 8b, as represented by the flow arrows E to the figure 3 .
  • X4 is a longitudinal and central axis of the calender 4. This axis is the central axis of the ferrule 46.
  • the calender 4 is crossed from one end to the other by a beam 100 of rectangular section and composed of tubes 10 placed in the calender 4.
  • This beam 100 also passes through each of the baffles 12 in place inside the grille.
  • the lower and upper surfaces of the beam 10, that is to say the imaginary planar surfaces tangential to the tubes 10 respectively on the top and on the underside of the beam 100, are noted S100 inf and S100 sup while the evaporator is in the configuration of FIG. 'use.
  • the beam 100 is shown in full only on the left of Figures 1 to 3 , only a tube 10 is shown on the right of these figures and the surfaces S100 inf and S100 sup are marked by their traces in the planes of the figures 1 , 2 and 4 .
  • Tie rods 13 connect the baffles 12 to each other and are more particularly visible on the right of the Figures 1 to 3 .
  • the end plates 42 and 44 respectively define a distribution chamber 442 and a collection chamber 424 made by machining the end plates.
  • the chamber 422 is connected to the outside of the evaporator 2 by two taps 424 and 426.
  • the chamber 442 is connected to the outside of the evaporator 2 by two taps 444 and 446. It is thus possible to circulate in the tubes 10 of the beam 100 a refrigerant by introducing it into the chamber 442 by the connections 444 and 446, as represented by the arrow F1, by distributing it to the different tubes within this chamber, then by recovering it in the chamber 422 and discharging it outwards through the connections 424 and 426, as represented by the arrows F2.
  • This refrigerant may be, for example, R-134a type, that is to say tetrafluoroethane, or R-410a type, that is to say a mixture of pentafluoroethane and difluoromethane.
  • S46 denotes the inner radial surface of ferrule 46.
  • S46 inf denotes the portion of surface S46 located below surface S100 inf in the configuration of use of evaporator 2.
  • S46 sup of the surface S46 located above the surface S100 sup in the configuration of use of the evaporator.
  • the flow path of the fluid between the baffles 12 is partly perpendicular to the fluid flow path in the tubes of the bundle 100.
  • the evaporator 2 thus differs from the heat exchanger of the GB-A-1,117,979 insofar as, in this document, the fluids circulate in parallel manner with respect to each other.
  • a first deflector 14 inf polymerized resin is cast in place between the surfaces S42 inf and S100 inf .
  • a second deflector 14 sup polymerized resin is cast in place between the surfaces S46 sup and S100 sup .
  • the baffles 12 are each provided with notches 120 formed in areas of the baffles located below and above the beam 100 in the configuration of use, at their edges. Alternatively, these notches may be replaced by orifices provided at a distance from the edges 121. These notches or orifices are openings allowing the flow of the resin not yet polymerized.
  • the polymerizable resin may be epoxy-based additive or not.
  • the polymerizable resin intended to form the deflectors 14 inf and 14 sup is placed along the upper and lower parts of the calender 4 and, once polymerized, closes the notches 120 of the baffles 12.
  • the evaporator 2 also comprises two bleed holes 16a, 16b connecting the internal volume V4 of the shell to the outside environment.
  • plugs 18a, 18b close the orifices 16a, 16b.
  • the water enters the inlet nozzle 8a then into a first compartment C1 defined by the end plate 42 and a first baffle 12.
  • the water comes into contact 10 of the tube bundle tubes 100.
  • Baffle sections 14 and 14 inf1 SUP1 accommodated in the first compartment C1 allow to impose upon the water entering the calender 4 a passage closer to the tubes 10 of the bundle 100, ensuring better homogeneity during the transfer of heat energy between the water and the refrigerant contained in each of the tubes 10 of the bundle 100.
  • the polymerized resin poured between the bundle of tubes 100 and the calender 4 forms sections of deflectors 14 inf1 and 14 sup1 which guide the passage of fluid closer to the tubes 10 of the beam 100, that is to say, to avoid traffic areas licking not the tubes 10 of the beam 100.
  • the mass of polymerized resin directly participates in guiding the flow E inside the calender 4 being licked by this element.
  • the heat transfer between the fluid flowing in the tubes 10 of the bundle 100 and the fluid flowing in the internal volume of the calender is optimized.
  • the tubular bundle 100 is rectangular in section as visible on the figure 4 .
  • the water Once the water enters the first compartment C1 of the calender, it passes through the N-1 other compartments C2, ..., CN provided with the N-1 other sections of deflector 14 inf2 , ..., 14 infn and 14 sup2 , ..., 14 supN to exit through the output quill 8b.
  • the N-1 baffles 12 delimiting the N compartments C1, ... CN are arranged so as to slow the passage of the water passing through each of these compartments, in order to promote the heat exchange between the water passing through the shell 4 and the refrigerant contained in the tubes 10 of the beam 100.
  • the refrigerant and water can flow in the opposite direction to that shown in the figures by the arrows F1, F2, E1 and E2.
  • the refrigerant can flow from the end plate 42 to the end plate 44 while water can flow from the stitch 8b to the stitching 8a.
  • the method of placing the resin in the upper and lower parts of the shell is in several stages. The following steps describe a mode of introduction of the deflectors 14 inf and 14 sup in the calender 4.
  • a first step a) consists of installing the evaporator 2 with the central axis X4 of the horizontal grille, the beam 100 already in place in the shell being oriented as when using the evaporator 2 in order to prepare the filling the lower portion of the volume V4.
  • a second step b) comprises filling a part of the volume delimited between, firstly, the radially inner bottom surface S46 of the lower ring 46 located below the beam 100 and, on the other hand, the lower surface of S100 inf tube bundle 100, with a suitable quantity of polymerizable resin in the liquid state. Under the effect of gravity, the resin is distributed on the bottom of the ferrule 46 to best fill the volume between the bottom of the ferrule and the bundle of tubes 100.
  • the liquid resin is injected into the volume V4 through one or other of the connections 8a, 8b.
  • a third step c) is to polymerize the resin.
  • This polymerization is carried out, for example, at room temperature and by adding a curing agent to the resin before it is introduced into the shell. Alternatively, this polymerization can be carried out by heating the resin introduced.
  • the amount of resin cured in place forms a lower baffle 14 inf and closes each of the notches 120 of the baffles 12. This closure contributes to the complete sealing of the evaporator 2.
  • a fourth step d) consists in turning the shell 4 about 180 ° about its central axis X4 in order to prepare the filling of a second part of the volume V4 previously located in the upper part of the shell and defined between the surfaces S46 sup and S100 sup .
  • the fifth and sixth steps are similar to the second and third steps b), c) and consist in filling this second part of the volume V4 with the polymerizable resin in the liquid state through one or other of the connections 8a, 8b and the notches 120 of the baffles 12, then the polymerization of this resin to form the upper baffle 14 sup comprising the N sections 14 sup1 , ..., 14 supN .
  • a seventh and last step consists, once the polymerized resin is in place, to pierce the purge passages 16a, 16b through the ferrule 46 and the deflectors 14 inf and 14 sup and to their closure by plugs 18a, 18b. These openings open just at the level of the polymerized resin, as visible on the figure 5 .
  • the introduction of deflectors 14 inf , 14 sup polymerizable resin can be done before the bundle 100 of tubes 10 is inserted into the calender 4.
  • one end of the beam 100 is placed on one of the end plates, for example 42, then the beam 100 is inserted along the calender 4, between the deflectors 14 inf and 14 sup , so as to the other end of the beam 100 is put in place on the opposite end plate 44.
  • This variant with implementation of the beam 100 after the introduction of the deflectors 14 inf and 14 sup is possible only when the evaporator 2 comprises a rectilinear beam 100. In the case of a beam 100 in the shape of a "U", the introduction of the deflectors is only after the introduction of the beam 100 in the shell 4 of the evaporator 2.
  • the water can flow from the inlet nozzle 8a to the outlet nozzle 8b, through each of the N compartments C1, ... CN being at most close to the tubular bundle 100.
  • the introduction of the deflectors 14 inf and 14 sup imposes a circulation of water in the calender 4 to the nearest tubes 10 of the beam 100, thus promoting a homogeneous rise in temperature of the refrigerant in each of the tubes 10.
  • the polymerized resin maintains the baffles 12 which can not move.
  • the assembly composed by the baffles 12 and the shell 4, also called skeleton, is stiffened by the resin forming the deflectors 14 inf and 14 sup .
  • the resin participates in the reduction of parasitic vibrations which appear under the effect of the circulation of water.
  • This technical solution makes it possible to perform the function of the baffle so as to control the flow of water into the shell without welded seam or sheet.
  • it adapts to all types of calenders since the process of introducing the resin is based on the leveling of a liquid surface under the effect of gravity. We can generalize this process to any type of calender 4, the method being the same for all sizes.
  • the use of the resin is compatible with the brine and the resin does not degrade.
  • the introduction of the resin is by two connections not shown in the figures and similar to the bleed holes 16a, 16b. These nozzles are located at 90 ° from the scavenging ports 16a, 16b and connect the interior and exterior of the shell 4 at the level of the baffles 14 and 14 sup inf.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
EP13189089.9A 2012-10-18 2013-10-17 Röhrenverdampfer und Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Röhrenverdampfers Active EP2722615B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1259945A FR2997174B1 (fr) 2012-10-18 2012-10-18 Evaporateur a tubes et procede de fabrication d'un tel evaporateur

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2722615A1 true EP2722615A1 (de) 2014-04-23
EP2722615B1 EP2722615B1 (de) 2015-12-23

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EP (1) EP2722615B1 (de)
ES (1) ES2560038T3 (de)
FR (1) FR2997174B1 (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105953629A (zh) * 2016-01-29 2016-09-21 四川同达博尔置业有限公司 换热器

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR3024218B1 (fr) 2014-07-28 2019-05-24 Carrier Corporation Distributeur d'admission pour un evaporateur, procede de fabrication d'un tel distributeur, evaporateur comprenant un tel diffuseur et installation thermique a fluide caloporteur diphasique

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1117979A (en) 1965-12-31 1968-06-26 Sulzer Ag Improvements in and relating to heat exchangers
DE29622411U1 (de) * 1996-12-24 1997-02-13 Behr Gmbh & Co Wärmeübertrager, insbesondere Abgaswärmeübertrager
WO1999031452A1 (en) * 1997-12-16 1999-06-24 York International Corporation Counterflow evaporator for refrigerants
CN202048727U (zh) * 2011-04-26 2011-11-23 佛山市顺德区金舵空调冷冻设备有限公司 一种螺旋折流板干式蒸发器

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1117979A (en) 1965-12-31 1968-06-26 Sulzer Ag Improvements in and relating to heat exchangers
DE29622411U1 (de) * 1996-12-24 1997-02-13 Behr Gmbh & Co Wärmeübertrager, insbesondere Abgaswärmeübertrager
WO1999031452A1 (en) * 1997-12-16 1999-06-24 York International Corporation Counterflow evaporator for refrigerants
CN202048727U (zh) * 2011-04-26 2011-11-23 佛山市顺德区金舵空调冷冻设备有限公司 一种螺旋折流板干式蒸发器

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105953629A (zh) * 2016-01-29 2016-09-21 四川同达博尔置业有限公司 换热器

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2560038T3 (es) 2016-02-17
EP2722615B1 (de) 2015-12-23
FR2997174A1 (fr) 2014-04-25
FR2997174B1 (fr) 2015-10-30

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