EP2710323B1 - Ordnance and military vehicle - Google Patents

Ordnance and military vehicle Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2710323B1
EP2710323B1 EP12769882.7A EP12769882A EP2710323B1 EP 2710323 B1 EP2710323 B1 EP 2710323B1 EP 12769882 A EP12769882 A EP 12769882A EP 2710323 B1 EP2710323 B1 EP 2710323B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
closing element
substructure
tower
opening
gun
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP12769882.7A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2710323A1 (en
Inventor
Matthias Raczek
Jens KÖSTER
Matthias Czok
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Krauss Maffei Wegmann GmbH and Co KG
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Krauss Maffei Wegmann GmbH and Co KG
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A23/00—Gun mountings, e.g. on vehicles; Disposition of guns on vehicles
    • F41A23/24—Turret gun mountings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A23/00—Gun mountings, e.g. on vehicles; Disposition of guns on vehicles
    • F41A23/28—Wheeled-gun mountings; Endless-track gun mountings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A23/00—Gun mountings, e.g. on vehicles; Disposition of guns on vehicles
    • F41A23/28—Wheeled-gun mountings; Endless-track gun mountings
    • F41A23/30—Wheeled-gun mountings; Endless-track gun mountings the wheels being liftable from the ground for firing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A23/00—Gun mountings, e.g. on vehicles; Disposition of guns on vehicles
    • F41A23/34—Gun mountings, e.g. on vehicles; Disposition of guns on vehicles on wheeled or endless-track vehicles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A27/00—Gun mountings permitting traversing or elevating movement, e.g. gun carriages

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a gun with a substructure and a tower rotatably mounted with respect to the substructure, which has a closable opening.
  • Another object of the invention is a military vehicle with a gun that has a base and a rotatable relative to the base tower with a closable opening.
  • Guns with weapons of larger caliber such.
  • As artillery guns, howitzers or battle tanks usually have a rotatably mounted on a substructure tower, in which the weapon in azimuth and elevation is judiciously received.
  • Such guns with large caliber weapons are for example from the US 4,065,999 A and DE 35 24 924 C1 known.
  • the tower is usually designed to be closed, so that the components lying in the interior of the tower, for example semi-automatic charging devices, etc., are protected against the effects of the weather and contaminants.
  • the tower usually has a closable opening, for example in the form of a hinged to the tower rear hatch. Opening the rear hatch provides the operator with access to the interior of the tower, for example, to operate the weapon, to store ammunition inside the tower, to carry out required maintenance from time to time, etc. Because of the opening partially high above the ground, it may after opening the hatch also be required that the operator enters the inside of the tower using a climbing aid, for example in the form of a ladder.
  • the operator will first have to do some preparatory work before the gun is in a state of combat readiness.
  • the supporting devices are actuated to support the substructure.
  • the opening of the tower is opened, after which the operator then possibly with the help of a
  • the climbing aid to be attached to the opening can enter the interior of the tower and only then be able to operate the weapon.
  • this object is achieved in that the opening is closed by a closing element arranged on the base, which is movable between an open position and a closed position back and forth, wherein the closing element in the open position, a substructure relative to the Floor supporting support forms.
  • the operations can be simplified when transferring the gun in a state of combat readiness, since the closing element can serve as a support and / or climbing aid after opening the tower opening. In this way, as it were a support and / or climbing aid is achieved by opening the opening, without this would be necessary to perform separate preparations.
  • the gun can be quickly converted in a few steps in a state of combat readiness.
  • the closing element can be hydraulically movable and, in the open position, form a support for diverting the firing reaction forces occurring during the firing of ammunition bodies into the ground.
  • the closing element is pivotally articulated to the substructure.
  • the closing element can be hingedly connected to the substructure via a hinge.
  • the closing element is pivotable about an axis which is arranged in an index position of the tower transversely to the tube axis of the held in the tower weapon.
  • the weapon or its tube axis In the index position, the weapon or its tube axis is centered above the substructure, the azimuth direction angle is 0 °.
  • the gun takes a compact, suitable for transfer or cruising positions.
  • a rear side arranged on the tower opening can be closed.
  • the opening in the index position of the tower with the closing element is closed.
  • the tower can be transferred to a predetermined index position, in which the opening is aligned with respect to the closing element, that it can be closed by the closing element.
  • the closing element pivots out of the rotational contour of the tower, so that it can then be azimuthally directed.
  • the closing element in the open position forms a stairway to facilitate entry into the tower.
  • the rising can be arranged on the inside of the closing element and formed according to a structural design in the manner of a staircase or ladder.
  • the closing element has an equipment receptacle for receiving equipment, whereby additional storage space can be made available.
  • the Aufrüstungsing is accessible in the open position of the closing element from the outside of the tower ago.
  • the substructure is designed as a transport platform, so that the gun can be loaded and transported in the manner of a standardized transport container by means of a corresponding transport vehicle.
  • the object is achieved in that the opening can be closed by a closing element arranged on the base, which is movable back and forth between an open position and a closed position, wherein the closing element in the open position opposite the substructure forms the support supporting the ground.
  • the operations can be simplified when transferring the gun in a state of combat readiness, since the closing element can serve as a support and / or climbing aid after opening the tower opening. In this way, as it were a support and / or climbing aid is achieved by opening the opening, without this would be necessary to perform separate preparations.
  • the gun can be quickly converted in a few steps in a state of combat readiness.
  • the substructure is arranged on a loading area of the vehicle.
  • the substructure may be designed in the manner described above in the manner of a detachable from the loading platform transport platform or fixed to the transport vehicle, for example in the form of a fixedly connected to the longitudinal members of the vehicle base.
  • Fig. 1 is designed as a transport vehicle military vehicle 1 shown with a driver's cab 2 and a arranged in the area behind the cab 2 loading area 3 for receiving loads.
  • a gun 4 is accommodated, in which it is a so-called light gun, which must be supported during firing in order to derive the resulting firing reaction forces.
  • the gun 4 consists of a above a substructure 30 and arranged opposite the base 30 rotatably mounted tower 10, in which a weapon 11 is mounted in elevation and azimuth direction.
  • the tower 10 and the substructure 30 so far constitute a Lafett mich the weapon. 4
  • the gun 4 In the in Fig. 1 shown position, the gun 4 is in an index position in which the tower 10 and the Rohrseelenachse R of the weapon 11 is aligned parallel to the vehicle longitudinal axis of the vehicle 1 and to the longitudinal axis of the substructure 30. In the index position, the gun 4 assumes a compact position, so that this is particularly suitable for transfer rides or cruising.
  • the tower 10 is open in the region of its rear side opposite the weapon 11.
  • the tower 10 has an opening 12 which extends over the entire back of the tower 10.
  • the operator can get into the interior 13 of the tower 10.
  • ammunition body spend through the opening 12 in the interior 13 of the tower 10.
  • magazines for storing ammunition bodies for storing ammunition bodies, a semi-automatic loading device for loading the weapon 11 and operating devices for controlling the gun 4 are arranged.
  • a flap closing element 20 In order to protect the interior 13 during the transport of the gun 4 from the effects of weather and dirt entry, designed as a flap closing element 20 is provided which is movable between an open position and a closed position back and forth. In the closed position, the closing element 20 forms a dust-tight closure of the opening 12 of the tower 10, so that the interior of the tower 10 is not contaminated even in prolonged operations in dusty desert regions, cf. Fig. 3 ,
  • the closing element 20 is articulated to the base 30 of the gun 4 about a pivot axis S, for which purpose a hinge 27 is provided between the closing element 20 and the base 30.
  • a hinge 27 is provided between the closing element 20 and the base 30.
  • the tower 10 is in the index position.
  • the closing element 20 is pivoted into the area in front of the opening 12 and closes the tower 20 in the manner of a tailgate, cf. Fig. 4 ,
  • the closing element 20 is located within the rotational contour of the tower 10, which is why the tower 10 in this position can not be rotated about the Azimutrichtachse T.
  • the gun 4 can be spent by the vehicle 1 to a site.
  • the closing element 20 In order to put the gun 4 in combat readiness at the place of use, the closing element 20 must first be pivoted out of the range of rotation of the tower 10 about the pivot axis S.
  • the required support is in a simple manner by further pivoting of the hinged to the base 30 closing element 20 in the in the Fig. 6 shown open position reached, in which the closing element 20 is supported on a support plate 23 on the ground and forms a support for the discharge of the firing reaction forces.
  • the closing element 20 is arranged on the substructure 30 in such a way that, in the index position of the tower 10, it is located on a side of the tower 10 opposite the weapon 11 and insofar forms a rear-side support. Due to the rear support and the flat Support over more than half the vehicle or gun width réelleckende support plate, a safe firing in an azimuthal directional range of the weapon of up to +/- 15 ° from the index position is possible.
  • the support plate 23 is connected to the joint 27 via two supports 24 arranged parallel to the closing element 20.
  • the carriers 24 are formed as rigid steel beams and may have an open or hollow cross-section. In order to keep the mass to be pivoted low, the carriers 24 are provided in the embodiment with recesses.
  • a staircase 21 is disposed on the closing element 20 in the region between the carriers 24 , via which the operator can easily get into the raised interior 13 of the tower 10.
  • the staircase is arranged on the closing element 20 so that it is directed in the open position to the outside, thereby forming a climbing aid for the operating personnel.
  • the closing element 20 on both sides towards the type of angle plates against each other angled portions 25, 26.
  • the one area 25 extends in the closed position approximately horizontally above a bottom plate 14 of the tower 10.
  • Substantially perpendicular to the areas 25 further plate-shaped portions 26 are provided, which are aligned substantially vertically in the closed position, the opening 12 of the tower 12 by art close a lid.
  • equipment shots 22 for receiving equipment intended.
  • additional storage space can be provided.
  • the Aufrüstungsingn 22 are accessible in the closed position of the closing element 20 from the inside of the tower 10 and in the open position of the closing element 20 from the outside of the tower 10 ago.
  • the gun 4 described above has a closing element 20, which serves as a support and climbing aid after opening the tower opening 12. It is not necessary to take further measures to support the substructure 30 and attach climbing aids to the gun 4.
  • the gun 4 can thus be converted by opening the tower opening 12 with a few steps quickly in a state of combat readiness.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
  • Refuge Islands, Traffic Blockers, Or Guard Fence (AREA)
  • Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
  • Special Chairs (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Geschütz mit einem Unterbau und einem gegenüber dem Unterbau drehbar gelagerten Turm, der eine schließbare Öffnung aufweist. Einen weiteren Gegenstand der Erfindung bildet ein militärisches Fahrzeug mit einem Geschütz, das einen Unterbau und einen gegenüber dem Unterbau drehbar gelagerten Turm mit einer schließbaren Öffnung aufweist.The invention relates to a gun with a substructure and a tower rotatably mounted with respect to the substructure, which has a closable opening. Another object of the invention is a military vehicle with a gun that has a base and a rotatable relative to the base tower with a closable opening.

Geschütze mit Waffen größeren Kalibers, wie z. B. Artilleriegeschütze, Haubitzen oder Kampfpanzer, weisen üblicherweise einen drehbar auf einem Unterbau angeordneten Turm auf, in welchem die Waffe in Azimut und Elevation richtbar aufgenommen ist. Derartige Geschütze mit großkalibrigen Waffen sind beispielsweise aus der US 4,065,999 A und DE 35 24 924 C1 bekannt.Guns with weapons of larger caliber, such. As artillery guns, howitzers or battle tanks, usually have a rotatably mounted on a substructure tower, in which the weapon in azimuth and elevation is judiciously received. Such guns with large caliber weapons are for example from the US 4,065,999 A and DE 35 24 924 C1 known.

Der Turm ist üblicherweise geschlossen ausgebildet, so dass die im Inneren des Turms liegenden Komponenten, beispielsweise teilautomatisiert arbeitende Ladevorrichtungen usw., vor Witterungseinflüssen und Verunreinigungen geschützt sind. Um dem Bedienpersonal einen Zugang zum Turminneren zu ermöglichen, weist der Turm in der Regel eine schließbare Öffnung beispielsweise in Form einer an dem Turm angelenkten Heckluke auf. Durch Öffnen der Heckluke wird für das Bedienpersonal ein Zugang zum Inneren des Turms geschaffen, um beispielsweise die Waffe zu betätigen, Munitionskörper im Inneren des Turms einzulagern, von Zeit zu Zeit erforderliche Wartungstätigkeiten durchzuführen usw. Aufgrund der teilweise hoch über dem Boden angeordneten Öffnung kann es nach dem Öffnen der Luke zudem erforderlich sein, dass das Bedienpersonal unter Verwendung einer Steighilfe, beispielsweise in Form einer Leiter, in das Innere des Turms eintritt.The tower is usually designed to be closed, so that the components lying in the interior of the tower, for example semi-automatic charging devices, etc., are protected against the effects of the weather and contaminants. To allow the operator access to the tower interior, the tower usually has a closable opening, for example in the form of a hinged to the tower rear hatch. Opening the rear hatch provides the operator with access to the interior of the tower, for example, to operate the weapon, to store ammunition inside the tower, to carry out required maintenance from time to time, etc. Because of the opening partially high above the ground, it may after opening the hatch also be required that the operator enters the inside of the tower using a climbing aid, for example in the form of a ladder.

Um die beim Verschuss von Munitionskörpern entstehenden, teilweise erheblichen Rückstoßkräfte abzuleiten, ist zudem häufig vorgesehen, dass der den Turm tragende Unterbau vor dem Verschießen der Munitionskörper über hydraulisch betätigbare Abstützvorrichtungen gegenüber dem Boden abgestützt wird.In addition, in order to derive the sometimes considerable recoil forces that occur during the firing of ammunition bodies, it is frequently provided that the substructure supporting the tower is supported against the ground by means of hydraulically actuated supporting devices before the ammunition bodies are fired.

Bei solchen Geschützen ergeben sich damit für das Bedienpersonal zunächst einige Vorbereitungstätigkeiten, bevor sich das Geschütz in einem Zustand der Kampfbereitschaft befindet. Zunächst werden die Abstützvorrichtungen zur Abstützung des Unterbaus betätigt. Anschließend wird die Öffnung des Turms geöffnet, wonach das Bedienpersonal dann ggf. unter Zuhilfenahme einer an der Öffnung anzusetzenden Steighilfe in das Innere des Turms eintreten und erst dann die Waffe bedienen kann.In the case of such guns, the operator will first have to do some preparatory work before the gun is in a state of combat readiness. First, the supporting devices are actuated to support the substructure. Subsequently, the opening of the tower is opened, after which the operator then possibly with the help of a The climbing aid to be attached to the opening can enter the interior of the tower and only then be able to operate the weapon.

Es ist daher Aufgabe der Erfindung, die beim Überführen des Geschützes in einen Zustand der Kampfbereitschaft durchzuführenden Tätigkeiten zu vereinfachen.It is therefore an object of the invention to simplify the tasks to be carried out when transferring the gun to a state of combat readiness.

Bei einem Geschütz der eingangs genannten Art wird diese Aufgabe dadurch gelöst, dass die Öffnung durch ein an dem Unterbau angeordnetes Schließelement verschließbar ist, das zwischen einer Offenstellung und einer Schließstellung hin und her bewegbar ist, wobei das Schließelement in der Offenstellung eine den Unterbau gegenüber dem Boden abstützende Stütze bildet.In a gun of the type mentioned above, this object is achieved in that the opening is closed by a closing element arranged on the base, which is movable between an open position and a closed position back and forth, wherein the closing element in the open position, a substructure relative to the Floor supporting support forms.

Über das an dem Unterbau angeordnete Schließelement können die Vorgänge beim Überführen des Geschützes in einen Zustand der Kampfbereitschaft vereinfacht werden, da das Schließelement nach dem Öffnen der Turmöffnung als Abstützung und/oder Steighilfe dienen kann. Auf diese Weise wird mit Öffnen der Öffnung gleichsam eine Abstützung und/oder Steighilfe erreicht, ohne dass hierzu separate Vorbereitungen durchzuführen wären. Das Geschütz lässt sich mit wenigen Schritten rasch in einen Zustand der Kampfbereitschaft überführen.About the arranged on the base closure element, the operations can be simplified when transferring the gun in a state of combat readiness, since the closing element can serve as a support and / or climbing aid after opening the tower opening. In this way, as it were a support and / or climbing aid is achieved by opening the opening, without this would be necessary to perform separate preparations. The gun can be quickly converted in a few steps in a state of combat readiness.

Das Schließelement kann hydraulisch bewegbar sein und in der Offenstellung eine Stütze zum Ableiten der beim Verschießen von Munitionskörpern auftretenden Abschussreaktionskräfte in den Untergrund bilden.The closing element can be hydraulically movable and, in the open position, form a support for diverting the firing reaction forces occurring during the firing of ammunition bodies into the ground.

Gemäß einer konstruktiv vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung ist das Schließelement schwenkbar an dem Unterbau angelenkt. Das Schließelement kann über ein Scharnier mit dem Unterbau gelenkig verbunden sein.According to a structurally advantageous embodiment, the closing element is pivotally articulated to the substructure. The closing element can be hingedly connected to the substructure via a hinge.

In diesem Zusammenhang ist es ferner von konstruktivem Vorteil, wenn das Schließelement um eine Achse verschwenkbar ist, welche in einer Indexstellung des Turms quer zur Rohrseelenachse der in dem Turm gehaltenen Waffe angeordnet ist. In der Indexstellung befindet sich die Waffe bzw. deren Rohrseelenachse mittig über dem Unterbau, der Azimutrichtwinkel beträgt 0°. In dieser Stellung nimmt das Geschütz eine kompakte, für Überführungs- oder Marschfahrten geeignete Stellung ein. Durch die quer bzw. senkrecht dazu ausgerichtete Schwenkachse kann eine heckseitig am Turm angeordnete Öffnung geschlossen werden.In this context, it is also of constructive advantage, when the closing element is pivotable about an axis which is arranged in an index position of the tower transversely to the tube axis of the held in the tower weapon. In the index position, the weapon or its tube axis is centered above the substructure, the azimuth direction angle is 0 °. In this position, the gun takes a compact, suitable for transfer or cruising positions. By the transverse or perpendicular thereto aligned pivot axis, a rear side arranged on the tower opening can be closed.

Vorteilhaft ist ferner eine Ausgestaltung, bei welcher die Öffnung in der Indexstellung des Turms mit dem Schließelement verschließbar ist. Zum Transport kann der Turm in eine vorgegebene Indexstellung überführt werden, in welcher die Öffnung derart gegenüber dem Schließelement ausgerichtet ist, dass sie durch das Schließelement verschlossen werden kann. Beim Öffnen der Öffnung schwenkt das Schließelement aus der Rotationskontur des Turms, so dass dieser anschließend azimutal gerichtet werden kann.Also advantageous is an embodiment in which the opening in the index position of the tower with the closing element is closed. For transport, the tower can be transferred to a predetermined index position, in which the opening is aligned with respect to the closing element, that it can be closed by the closing element. When opening the opening, the closing element pivots out of the rotational contour of the tower, so that it can then be azimuthally directed.

Um dem Bedienpersonal den Zugang in das Innere des Geschützes zu erleichtern, hat es sich als besonders vorteilhaft erwiesen, wenn das Schließelement in der Offenstellung einen Aufgang zur Erleichterung des Einstiegs in den Turm bildet. Für das Bedienpersonal ist es nicht erforderlich, zunächst in einem gesonderten Vorbereitungsschritt eine Steighilfe zu beschaffen und im Bereich der Öffnung zu positionieren. Der Aufgang kann an der Innenseite des Schließelements angeordnet und gemäß einer konstruktiven Ausgestaltung nach Art einer Treppe oder Leiter ausgebildet sein.In order to facilitate the operator access to the interior of the gun, it has proved to be particularly advantageous if the closing element in the open position forms a stairway to facilitate entry into the tower. For the operating personnel, it is not necessary first to obtain a climbing aid in a separate preparatory step and to position it in the area of the opening. The rising can be arranged on the inside of the closing element and formed according to a structural design in the manner of a staircase or ladder.

Bevorzugt weist das Schließelement eine Ausrüstungsaufnahme zur Aufnahme von Ausrüstungsgegenständen auf, wodurch zusätzlicher Stauraum zur Verfügung gestellt werden kann. Besonders bevorzugt ist eine Ausgestaltung, bei der die Aufrüstungsaufnahme in der Offenstellung des Schließelements von der Außenseite des Turms her zugänglich ist.Preferably, the closing element has an equipment receptacle for receiving equipment, whereby additional storage space can be made available. Particularly preferred is an embodiment in which the Aufrüstungsaufnahme is accessible in the open position of the closing element from the outside of the tower ago.

Für den Transport des Geschützes hat es sich als vorteilhaft erwiesen, wenn der Unterbau als Transportplattform ausgebildet ist, so dass die Geschütz nach Art eines standardisierten Transportcontainers mittels eines entsprechenden Transportfahrzeugs verladen und transportiert werden kann.For the transport of the gun, it has proved to be advantageous if the substructure is designed as a transport platform, so that the gun can be loaded and transported in the manner of a standardized transport container by means of a corresponding transport vehicle.

Bei einem militärischen Fahrzeug der eingangs genannten Art wird die Aufgabe dadurch gelöst, dass die Öffnung durch ein an dem Unterbau angeordnetes Schließelement verschließbar ist, das zwischen einer Offenstellung und einer Schließstellung hin und her bewegbar ist, wobei das Schließelement in der Offenstellung eine den Unterbau gegenüber dem Boden abstützende Stütze bildet.In a military vehicle of the type mentioned, the object is achieved in that the opening can be closed by a closing element arranged on the base, which is movable back and forth between an open position and a closed position, wherein the closing element in the open position opposite the substructure forms the support supporting the ground.

Über das an dem Unterbau angeordnete Schließelement können die Vorgänge beim Überführen des Geschützes in einen Zustand der Kampfbereitschaft vereinfacht werden, da das Schließelement nach dem Öffnen der Turmöffnung als Abstützung und/oder Steighilfe dienen kann. Auf diese Weise wird mit Öffnen der Öffnung gleichsam eine Abstützung und/oder Steighilfe erreicht, ohne dass hierzu separate Vorbereitungen durchzuführen wären. Das Geschütz lässt sich mit wenigen Schritten rasch in einen Zustand der Kampfbereitschaft überführen.About the arranged on the base closure element, the operations can be simplified when transferring the gun in a state of combat readiness, since the closing element can serve as a support and / or climbing aid after opening the tower opening. In this way, as it were a support and / or climbing aid is achieved by opening the opening, without this would be necessary to perform separate preparations. The gun can be quickly converted in a few steps in a state of combat readiness.

Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Fahrzeug können darüber hinaus alle im Zusammenhang mit der erfindungsgemäßen Geschütz beschriebenen Ausgestaltungen zur Anwendung kommen.Moreover, in the vehicle according to the invention, all embodiments described in connection with the gun according to the invention can be used.

Weiter wird vorgeschlagen, dass der Unterbau an einer Ladefläche des Fahrzeugs angeordnet ist. Der Unterbau kann dabei in der zuvor beschriebenen Weise nach Art einer von der Ladefläche lösbaren Transportplattform oder fest an dem Transportfahrzeug ausgebildet sein, beispielsweise in Form eines mit den Längsträgern des Fahrzeugs fest verbundenen Unterbaus.It is further proposed that the substructure is arranged on a loading area of the vehicle. The substructure may be designed in the manner described above in the manner of a detachable from the loading platform transport platform or fixed to the transport vehicle, for example in the form of a fixedly connected to the longitudinal members of the vehicle base.

Weitere Vorteile und Einzelheiten der Erfindung werden nachfolgend anhand eines in den Figuren dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiels erläutert werden. Darin zeigen:

Fig. 1
in perspektivischer Darstellung ein militärisches Fahrzeug mit einem Geschütz in dessen Indexstellung,
Fig. 2
in perspektivischer Darstellung eine weitere Ansicht des Fahrzeugs aus der Fig. 1,
Fig. 3
in perspektivischer Darstellung eine weitere Ansicht des Fahrzeugs aus der Fig. 1, in welcher sich das Schließelement in der Schließstellung befindet,
Fig. 4
eine Seitenansicht des Fahrzeugs gemäß Fig. 3,
Fig. 5
eine Seitenansicht des Fahrzeugs gemäß Fig. 4, in welcher sich das Schließelement in einer Zwischenstellung befindet,
Fig. 6
eine Seitenansicht des Fahrzeugs gemäß Fig. 4, in welcher sich das Schließelement in der Offenstellung befindet.
Further advantages and details of the invention will be explained below with reference to an embodiment shown in FIGS. Show:
Fig. 1
in perspective view of a military vehicle with a gun in its index position,
Fig. 2
in perspective view another view of the vehicle from the Fig. 1 .
Fig. 3
in perspective view another view of the vehicle from the Fig. 1 in which the closing element is in the closed position,
Fig. 4
a side view of the vehicle according to Fig. 3 .
Fig. 5
a side view of the vehicle according to Fig. 4 in which the closing element is in an intermediate position,
Fig. 6
a side view of the vehicle according to Fig. 4 in which the closing element is in the open position.

In der Fig. 1 ist ein als Transportfahrzeug ausgebildetes militärisches Fahrzeug 1 mit einer Fahrerkabine 2 sowie einer im Bereich hinter der Fahrerkabine 2 angeordneten Ladefläche 3 zur Aufnahme von Lasten dargestellt. Im Bereich der Ladefläche 3 ist ein Geschütz 4 aufgenommen, bei welchem es sich um ein sog. Leichtgeschütz handelt, welches während der Schussabgabe zur Ableitung der sich ergebenden Abschussreaktionskräfte abgestützt werden muss.In the Fig. 1 is designed as a transport vehicle military vehicle 1 shown with a driver's cab 2 and a arranged in the area behind the cab 2 loading area 3 for receiving loads. In the area of the loading area 3, a gun 4 is accommodated, in which it is a so-called light gun, which must be supported during firing in order to derive the resulting firing reaction forces.

Das Geschütz 4 besteht aus einem oberhalb eines Unterbaus 30 angeordneten und gegenüber dem Unterbau 30 drehbar gelagerten Turm 10, in welchem eine Waffe 11 in Elevation und Azimut richtbar gelagert ist. Der Turm 10 und der Unterbau 30 bilden insoweit eine Lafettierung der Waffe 4.The gun 4 consists of a above a substructure 30 and arranged opposite the base 30 rotatably mounted tower 10, in which a weapon 11 is mounted in elevation and azimuth direction. The tower 10 and the substructure 30 so far constitute a Lafettierung the weapon. 4

In der in Fig. 1 dargestellten Position befindet sich das Geschütz 4 in einer Indexstellung, in welcher der Turm 10 bzw. die Rohrseelenachse R der Waffe 11 parallel zur Fahrzeuglängsachse des Fahrzeugs 1 bzw. zur Längsachse des Unterbaus 30 ausgerichtet ist. In der Indexstellung nimmt das Geschütz 4 eine kompakte Stellung ein, so dass sich diese insbesondere für Überführungsfahrten oder Marschfahrten eignet.In the in Fig. 1 shown position, the gun 4 is in an index position in which the tower 10 and the Rohrseelenachse R of the weapon 11 is aligned parallel to the vehicle longitudinal axis of the vehicle 1 and to the longitudinal axis of the substructure 30. In the index position, the gun 4 assumes a compact position, so that this is particularly suitable for transfer rides or cruising.

Wie der Darstellung insbesondere in Fig. 2 zu entnehmen ist, ist der Turm 10 im Bereich seiner der Waffe 11 gegenüberliegenden Rückseite offen ausgebildet. Der Turm 10 weist eine Öffnung 12 auf, welche sich über die gesamte Rückseite des Turms 10 erstreckt. Über die Öffnung 12 kann das Bedienpersonal in den Innenraum 13 des Turms 10 gelangen. Ferner ist es möglich, Munitionskörper durch die Öffnung 12 in den Innenraum 13 des Turms 10 zu verbringen. Im Innenraum 13 sind Magazine zur Bevorratung von Munitionskörpern, eine teilautomatisierte Ladevorrichtung zum Laden der Waffe 11 sowie Bedieneinrichtungen zur Steuerung des Geschützes 4 angeordnet.As the presentation in particular in Fig. 2 it can be seen, the tower 10 is open in the region of its rear side opposite the weapon 11. The tower 10 has an opening 12 which extends over the entire back of the tower 10. About the opening 12, the operator can get into the interior 13 of the tower 10. Furthermore, it is possible to ammunition body spend through the opening 12 in the interior 13 of the tower 10. In the interior 13 magazines for storing ammunition bodies, a semi-automatic loading device for loading the weapon 11 and operating devices for controlling the gun 4 are arranged.

Um den Innenraum 13 während des Transports des Geschützes 4 vor Witterungseinflüssen und Schmutzeintrag zu schützen, ist ein als Klappe ausgebildetes Schließelement 20 vorgesehen, welches zwischen einer Offenstellung und einer Schließstellung hin und her bewegbar ist. In der Schließstellung bildet das Schließelement 20 einen staubdichten Verschluss der Öffnung 12 des Turms 10, so dass der Innenraum des Turms 10 selbst bei länger andauernden Einsätzen in staubigen Wüstenregionen nicht verunreinigt wird, vgl. Fig. 3.In order to protect the interior 13 during the transport of the gun 4 from the effects of weather and dirt entry, designed as a flap closing element 20 is provided which is movable between an open position and a closed position back and forth. In the closed position, the closing element 20 forms a dust-tight closure of the opening 12 of the tower 10, so that the interior of the tower 10 is not contaminated even in prolonged operations in dusty desert regions, cf. Fig. 3 ,

Das Schließelement 20 ist an dem Unterbau 30 des Geschützes 4 um eine Schwenkachse S gelenkig angelenkt, wozu zwischen dem Schließelement 20 und dem Unterbau 30 ein Scharnier 27 vorgesehen ist. Um die Waffe 11 in azimutaler Richtung richten zu können, ist es daher erforderlich, zunächst das Schließelement 20 aus der Rotationskontur des Turms 10 in eine Offenstellung zu verschwenken, was nachfolgend noch näher erläutert werden wird.The closing element 20 is articulated to the base 30 of the gun 4 about a pivot axis S, for which purpose a hinge 27 is provided between the closing element 20 and the base 30. In order to be able to direct the weapon 11 in the azimuthal direction, it is therefore necessary first to pivot the closing element 20 out of the rotational contour of the tower 10 into an open position, which will be explained in more detail below.

Zunächst befindet sich der Turm 10 in der Indexstellung. Das Schließelement 20 ist in den Bereich vor die Öffnung 12 verschwenkt und verschließt den Turm 20 nach Art einer Heckklappe, vgl. Fig. 4. Das Schließelement 20 befindet sich innerhalb der Rotationskontur des Turms 10, weshalb der Turm 10 in dieser Stellung nicht um die Azimutrichtachse T gedreht werden kann. In dieser Stellung kann das Geschütz 4 durch das Fahrzeug 1 zu einem Einsatzort verbracht werden. Um das Geschütz 4 nun am Einsatzort in Kampfbereitschaft zu versetzen, muss das Schließelement 20 zunächst um die Schwenkachse S aus dem Drehbereich des Turms 10 heraus verschwenkt werden.First, the tower 10 is in the index position. The closing element 20 is pivoted into the area in front of the opening 12 and closes the tower 20 in the manner of a tailgate, cf. Fig. 4 , The closing element 20 is located within the rotational contour of the tower 10, which is why the tower 10 in this position can not be rotated about the Azimutrichtachse T. In this position, the gun 4 can be spent by the vehicle 1 to a site. In order to put the gun 4 in combat readiness at the place of use, the closing element 20 must first be pivoted out of the range of rotation of the tower 10 about the pivot axis S.

Das Verschwenken des Schließelements 20 aus dessen Schließstellung erfolgt über einen in den Figuren nicht dargestellten Antriebsmechanismus, der aufgrund des erheblichen Gewichts des Schließelements 20 hydraulisch ausgebildet ist. Durch Betätigung des Antriebsmechanismus wird das Schließelement 20 zunächst in die in der Fig. 5 gezeigte Zwischenstellung verbracht, in welcher die Öffnung 12 freigegeben ist und sich das Schließelement nur noch teilweise in der Rotationskontur des Turms 10 befindet. In dieser Zwischenstellung ist eine Azimutrichtbewegung des Turms 20 in einem eingeschränkten Winkelbereich bereits möglich.The pivoting of the closing element 20 from its closed position via a drive mechanism, not shown in the figures, which is formed hydraulically due to the considerable weight of the closing element 20. By actuating the drive mechanism, the closing element 20 is first in the in the Fig. 5 shown intermediate position spent in which the opening 12 is released and the closing element is only partially in the rotational contour of the tower 10. In this intermediate position azimuth straightening movement of the tower 20 in a limited angular range is already possible.

Um das Geschütz 4 für die Schussabgabe in einen Zustand der Kampfbereitschaft zu versetzen, ist es zur Ableitung der sich ergebenden Abschussreaktionskräfte zudem erforderlich, eine Abstützung des Unterbaus 30 gegenüber dem Boden vorzusehen. Denn bei Leichtgeschützen 4 ist die Masse des Unterbaus 30 im Gegensatz zu beispielsweise kettengetriebenen Kampfpanzern oder Panzerhaubitzen nicht ausreichend, um die sich ergebenden Rückstosskräfte aufzunehmen.In order to set the gun 4 for the firing in a state of combat readiness, it is also necessary to derive the resulting launch reaction forces to provide a support of the base 30 against the ground. For light guns 4, the mass of the substructure 30, in contrast to, for example, chain-driven battle tanks or armored howitzers is not sufficient to absorb the resulting recoil forces.

Die erforderliche Abstützung wird in einfacher Weise durch weiteres Verschwenken des am Unterbau 30 angelenkten Schließelements 20 in die in der Fig. 6 dargestellte Offenstellung erreicht, in welcher sich das Schließelement 20 über eine Stützplatte 23 auf dem Boden abstützt und eine Stütze zur Ableitung der Abschussreaktionskräfte bildet.The required support is in a simple manner by further pivoting of the hinged to the base 30 closing element 20 in the in the Fig. 6 shown open position reached, in which the closing element 20 is supported on a support plate 23 on the ground and forms a support for the discharge of the firing reaction forces.

Bei dem Ausführungsbeispiel ist das Schließelement 20 derart am Unterbau 30 angeordnet, dass es sich in der Indexstellung des Turms 10 auf einer der Waffe 11 gegenüberliegenden Seite des Turms 10 befindet und insoweit eine heckseitige Abstützung bildet. Aufgrund der heckseitigen Abstützung und der flächigen Abstützung über die sich über etwa die halbe Fahrzeug- bzw. Geschützbreite ersteckende Stützplatte, ist eine sichere Schussabgabe in einem azimutalen Richtbereich der Waffe von bis zu +/- 15° aus der Indexstellung möglich.In the exemplary embodiment, the closing element 20 is arranged on the substructure 30 in such a way that, in the index position of the tower 10, it is located on a side of the tower 10 opposite the weapon 11 and insofar forms a rear-side support. Due to the rear support and the flat Support over more than half the vehicle or gun width ersteckende support plate, a safe firing in an azimuthal directional range of the weapon of up to +/- 15 ° from the index position is possible.

Um die teilweise erheblichen Abschussreaktionskräfte sicher ableiten zu können, ist die Stützplatte 23 über zwei an dem Schließelement 20 parallel verlaufend angeordnete Träger 24 mit dem Gelenk 27 verbunden. Die Träger 24 sind als steife Stahlträger ausgebildet und können einen offenen oder hohlen Querschnitt aufweisen. Um die zu verschwenkende Masse gering zu halten, sind die Träger 24 beim Ausführungsbeispiel mit Ausnehmungen versehen.In order to be able to reliably derive the firing reaction forces which are sometimes considerable, the support plate 23 is connected to the joint 27 via two supports 24 arranged parallel to the closing element 20. The carriers 24 are formed as rigid steel beams and may have an open or hollow cross-section. In order to keep the mass to be pivoted low, the carriers 24 are provided in the embodiment with recesses.

Wie die Darstellung insbesondere in Fig. 2 erkennen lässt, bildet das Schließelement 20 in der Offenstellung nicht nur eine Stütze zu Ableitung der Abschussreaktionskräfte, sondern gleichzeitig einen Aufgang in den vergleichsweise hoch über dem Boden liegenden Turm 10. Hierzu ist an dem Schließelement 20 im Bereich zwischen den Trägern 24 eine Treppe 21 angeordnet, über welche das Bedienpersonal auf einfache Weise in den erhöhten Innenraum 13 des Turms 10 gelangen kann. Die Treppe ist derart an dem Schließelement 20 angeordnet, dass sie in der Offenstellung nach außen gerichtet ist, wodurch sie eine Steighilfe für das Bedienpersonal bildet.As the representation in particular in Fig. 2 can recognize the closing element 20 forms in the open position not only a support for dissipation of the firing reaction forces, but at the same time a rise in the comparatively high above the ground tower 10. For this purpose, a staircase 21 is disposed on the closing element 20 in the region between the carriers 24 , via which the operator can easily get into the raised interior 13 of the tower 10. The staircase is arranged on the closing element 20 so that it is directed in the open position to the outside, thereby forming a climbing aid for the operating personnel.

Ferner weist das Schließelement 20 zu beiden Seiten hin nach Art von Winkelblechen gegeneinander abgewinkelte Bereiche 25, 26 auf. Der eine Bereich 25 verläuft in der Schließstellung in etwa horizontal oberhalb einer Bodenplatte 14 des Turms 10. Im Wesentlichen senkrecht zu den Bereichen 25 sind weitere plattenförmige Bereiche 26 vorgesehen, die in der Schließstellung im Wesentlichen vertikal ausgerichtet sind die Öffnung 12 des Turms 12 nach Art eines Deckels verschließen. In den Bereichen seitlich neben der Treppe 21 sind darüber hinaus Ausrüstungsaufnahmen 22 zur Aufnahme von Ausrüstungsgegenständen vorgesehen. Durch die Ausrüstungsaufnahmen 22 kann zusätzlicher Stauraum bereitgestellt werden. Die Aufrüstungsaufnahmen 22 sind in der Schließstellung des Schließelements 20 von der Innenseite des Turms 10 und in der Offenstellung des Schließelements 20 von der Außenseite des Turms 10 her zugänglich.Further, the closing element 20 on both sides towards the type of angle plates against each other angled portions 25, 26. The one area 25 extends in the closed position approximately horizontally above a bottom plate 14 of the tower 10. Substantially perpendicular to the areas 25 further plate-shaped portions 26 are provided, which are aligned substantially vertically in the closed position, the opening 12 of the tower 12 by art close a lid. In the areas laterally next to the stairs 21 are also equipment shots 22 for receiving equipment intended. By the equipment receptacles 22 additional storage space can be provided. The Aufrüstungsaufnahmen 22 are accessible in the closed position of the closing element 20 from the inside of the tower 10 and in the open position of the closing element 20 from the outside of the tower 10 ago.

Das vorstehend beschriebene Geschütz 4 weist ein Schließelement 20 auf, welches nach dem Öffnen der Turmöffnung 12 als Abstützung und Steighilfe dient. Es ist nicht erforderlich, weitere Maßnahmen zur Abstützung des Unterbaus 30 zu unternehmen und Steighilfen an dem Geschütz 4 anzusetzen. Das Geschütz 4 lässt sich somit allein durch Öffnen der Turmöffnung 12 mit wenigen Schritten rasch in einen Zustand der Kampfbereitschaft überführen.The gun 4 described above has a closing element 20, which serves as a support and climbing aid after opening the tower opening 12. It is not necessary to take further measures to support the substructure 30 and attach climbing aids to the gun 4. The gun 4 can thus be converted by opening the tower opening 12 with a few steps quickly in a state of combat readiness.

Bezugszeichen:Reference numerals:

11
Fahrzeugvehicle
22
Fahrerkabinecab
33
Ladeflächeload area
44
Geschützgun
1010
Turmtower
1111
Waffeweapon
1212
Öffnungopening
1313
Innenrauminner space
1414
Bodenplattebaseplate
2020
Schließelementclosing element
2121
Treppestairway
2222
Ausrüstungsaufnahmegear bucket
2323
Stützplattesupport plate
2424
Trägercarrier
2525
BereichArea
2626
BereichArea
2727
Scharnierhinge
3030
Unterbausubstructure
RR
RohrseelenachseBore axis
SS
Schwenkachseswivel axis
TT
AzimutrichtachseAzimuth directional axis

Claims (10)

  1. Artillery piece having a substructure (30) and a turret (10) mounted in a rotatable manner in relation to the substructure (30), comprising a closable opening (12), whereby the said opening (20) can be closed by a closing element (20) arranged on the substructure (30), characterised in that the closing element can be moved to and fro between an open position and a closed position, whereby, when in its open position, the closing element (20) forms a support for the substructure (30) against the ground.
  2. Artillery piece according to the above Claim, characterised in that the closing element (20) is rotatably hinged onto the substructure (30).
  3. Artillery piece according to Claim 2 above, characterised in that the closing element (20) can be rotated through an axis (S), which, in an index position of the turret (10), is arranged transversely in relation to the axis of the bore (R) of the weapon (11) accommodated in the turret (10).
  4. Artillery piece according to Claim 3 above, characterised in that the opening (12) can be closed in the index position by the closing element (20).
  5. Artillery piece according to any of the above claims, characterised in that, when in the open position, the closing element (20) forms an access to facilitate entry into the turret (10).
  6. Artillery piece according to any of the above claims, characterised in that the closing element (20) comprises an equipment mounting facility (22) for mounting items of equipment.
  7. Artillery piece according to any of the above claims, characterised in that the substructure (30) is in the form of a transport platform.
  8. Military vehicle having an artillery piece (4), comprising a substructure (30) and a turret (10) that can be rotated in relation to the said substructure (30), having a closable opening (12), whereby the said opening (12) can be closed by means of a closing element (20) arranged on the substructure (30), characterised in that the closing element (20) can be moved to and fro between an open position and a closed position, whereby, when in its open position, the closing element (20) forms a support for the substructure (30) against the ground.
  9. Military vehicle according to Claim 8 above, characterised in that the artillery piece (4) is formed in accordance with any one of the Claims 2 to 7.
  10. Military vehicle according to Claim 8 or 9 above, characterised in that the substructure (30) is arranged on a loading surface of the vehicle.
EP12769882.7A 2011-05-20 2012-05-15 Ordnance and military vehicle Not-in-force EP2710323B1 (en)

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DE102011050537A DE102011050537B3 (en) 2011-05-20 2011-05-20 Gun and military vehicle
PCT/DE2012/100140 WO2012159619A1 (en) 2011-05-20 2012-05-15 Ordnance and military vehicle

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EP (1) EP2710323B1 (en)
DE (1) DE102011050537B3 (en)
ES (1) ES2549786T3 (en)
RS (1) RS54331B1 (en)
WO (1) WO2012159619A1 (en)

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EP2710323A1 (en) 2014-03-26
US9360266B2 (en) 2016-06-07
DE102011050537B3 (en) 2012-10-25
ES2549786T3 (en) 2015-11-02
US20150075358A1 (en) 2015-03-19
RS54331B1 (en) 2016-02-29
WO2012159619A1 (en) 2012-11-29

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