EP2694280B1 - Hot-stamping printing device - Google Patents
Hot-stamping printing device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2694280B1 EP2694280B1 EP12714224.8A EP12714224A EP2694280B1 EP 2694280 B1 EP2694280 B1 EP 2694280B1 EP 12714224 A EP12714224 A EP 12714224A EP 2694280 B1 EP2694280 B1 EP 2694280B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- platen
- heating element
- static
- machine according
- inner face
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 65
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims description 38
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000013519 translation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011104 metalized film Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000134 Metallised film Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 12
- 230000032258 transport Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009849 deactivation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004049 embossing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003100 immobilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007723 transport mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013024 troubleshooting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41K—STAMPS; STAMPING OR NUMBERING APPARATUS OR DEVICES
- B41K3/00—Apparatus for stamping articles having integral means for supporting the articles to be stamped
- B41K3/26—Apparatus for stamping articles having integral means for supporting the articles to be stamped with stamping surface located below article-supporting surface
- B41K3/28—Apparatus for stamping articles having integral means for supporting the articles to be stamped with stamping surface located below article-supporting surface and bearing a positive image
- B41K3/30—Apparatus for stamping articles having integral means for supporting the articles to be stamped with stamping surface located below article-supporting surface and bearing a positive image and having means for varying the image, e.g. by exchanging stamping plates in succession
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B30—PRESSES
- B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
- B30B15/00—Details of, or accessories for, presses; Auxiliary measures in connection with pressing
- B30B15/06—Platens or press rams
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B30—PRESSES
- B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
- B30B15/00—Details of, or accessories for, presses; Auxiliary measures in connection with pressing
- B30B15/06—Platens or press rams
- B30B15/062—Press plates
- B30B15/064—Press plates with heating or cooling means
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B30—PRESSES
- B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
- B30B15/00—Details of, or accessories for, presses; Auxiliary measures in connection with pressing
- B30B15/34—Heating or cooling presses or parts thereof
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41F—PRINTING MACHINES OR PRESSES
- B41F16/00—Transfer printing apparatus
- B41F16/0006—Transfer printing apparatus for printing from an inked or preprinted foil or band
- B41F16/004—Presses of the reciprocating type
- B41F16/0046—Presses of the reciprocating type with means for applying print under heat and pressure, e.g. using heat activable adhesive
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41F—PRINTING MACHINES OR PRESSES
- B41F16/00—Transfer printing apparatus
- B41F16/0006—Transfer printing apparatus for printing from an inked or preprinted foil or band
- B41F16/0066—Printing dies or forms
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41F—PRINTING MACHINES OR PRESSES
- B41F19/00—Apparatus or machines for carrying out printing operations combined with other operations
- B41F19/008—Apparatus or machines for carrying out printing operations combined with other operations with means for stamping or cutting out
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41F—PRINTING MACHINES OR PRESSES
- B41F19/00—Apparatus or machines for carrying out printing operations combined with other operations
- B41F19/02—Apparatus or machines for carrying out printing operations combined with other operations with embossing
- B41F19/06—Printing and embossing between a negative and a positive forme after inking and wiping the negative forme; Printing from an ink band treated with colour or "gold"
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a device for printing a succession of sheet-shaped elements by hot stamping.
- the invention finds a particularly advantageous, but not exclusive, application in the field of manufacturing packaging for the luxury industry.
- stamping that is to say to deposit by pressure on a sheet-like support, colored or metallized film from one or more strips to be stamped. commonly referred to as metallized strips.
- a transfer operation is traditionally. performed by means of a vertical platen press, in which each printing medium and the stamping strips involved are pressed together between two parallel plates, one of which is static while the other is mounted movable in following motion a vertical back and forth motion.
- a heating element is usually interposed between the static plate and the stamping tools that are associated with the latter.
- a heating member is generally in the form of a heating plate, one side is covered with an insulator intended to interface with the plate, while the other side is intended to extend to the back of stamping tools.
- the heating element is secured to the static plate by means of several fixing screws that come up from the inside of the platen press. This concretely means that each of them passes through the heating element before coming to screw in a tapped fit in the plate.
- the technical problem to be solved by the object of the present invention is to provide a printing device of a succession of sheet-like elements, comprising a platen press able to deposit on each sheet, by stamping between a static platen and a movable platen, colored or metallized film from at least one tape to be stamped, and a heating member capable of bringing to a given temperature any stamping tool integral with the static plate so that the stamping operation is carried out hot in the platen press, printing device which would avoid the problems of the state of the in particular by providing substantially easier maintenance.
- the mobility of the heating element can in theory operate according to any movement.
- its trajectory of displacement can be any, that is to say to be purely rectilinear or circular, to be more generally curvilinear, or to result from any combination of these movements.
- the operating position is one in which the heating element is fully operational, that is to say able to fulfill its heating function within the platen press.
- the maintenance position it is essential that the heating element be held outside the platen press, in a place sufficiently accessible so that it can be operated directly on it or easily taken to a location. even more adequate.
- the invention as thus defined has the advantage of requiring no intervention at the heart of the platen press, both for extracting and for setting up the heating element.
- the heating element according to the invention is not simply removable mounted, that is to say fixed reversibly. It is also movably mounted on the move, which means that it is mechanically supported and guided during any transfer between the inside and the outside of the platen press. Any intervention on the heater, for example to test its heating capacity independently of the rest of the machine, so can be done with ease, speed and comfort.
- the present invention further relates to the features which will emerge in the course of the description which follows, and which should be considered in isolation or in all their possible technical combinations.
- the figure 1 illustrates a processing machine 1 for customizing cardboard packaging for the luxury industry.
- this processing machine 1 is conventionally composed of several work stations 100, 200, 300, 400, 500 which are juxtaposed but interdependent one by one in order to form a unitary unit able to process a succession of supports sheet-shaped printing.
- a feeder 100 There is thus a feeder 100, a margin table 200, a device 300, a tape feed and recovery station 400, and a receiving station 500.
- Transport means 600 are further provided for individually moving each sheet from the output of the margin table 200 to at the receiving station 500, including through the printing device 300.
- the feeder 100 is supplied with cardboard sheets from a succession of stacks stored on pallets.
- the leaves are successively removed from the top of each stack by a suction gripper which transports them to the directly adjacent margin table 200.
- the sheets are tabled by the suction grip member, that is to say placed one after the other so as to overlap partially.
- the entire web is then moved along a platen 210 toward the printing device 300 by means of a belt transport mechanism.
- the head sheet is systematically accurately positioned by means of front and side cleats.
- the workstation located immediately after the margin table 200 is therefore the printing device 300.
- This station has the function of depositing on each sheet, by hot stamping, the film metallized which is from a single tape stamp 410 in this embodiment. It uses for this purpose a platen press 310 in which the stamping operation is carried out between an upper platen 320 which is static, and a lower platen 330 which is mounted movably in movement in a movement of va-et- comes vertical. Embossing tools (not shown) are of course associated with each of the plates 320, 330.
- the tape feeding and recovery station 400 Downstream of the printing device 300 is the tape feeding and recovery station 400. As its name indicates, this station plays a dual role since it is responsible for ensuring both the power supply. machine stamped belt 410, and the evacuation of the same band once it used.
- the strip 410 is conventionally stored in a wound form, around a supply reel 420 rotatably mounted. Similarly, after its passage through the platen press 310, the band 410 is wrapped around a recovery spool 430 rotatably mounted. Between its storage point and its point of recovery, the band 410 is driven in displacement by a drive system 440 which is able to circulate it over a given distance and following a determined path of travel which passes in particular through the platen press 310.
- This tape drive system 440 is mainly composed, on the one hand, of a series of deflection bars 441 which are located along the running path to guide the movement of the web 410, and on the other hand, the combination of a feed shaft 442 and a pressure roller 443 which are positioned downstream of said path scrolling to drive said strip 410 on the move.
- a guide 444 is also present just downstream of the platen press 310.
- the process of processing the sheets ends in the receiving station 500 whose main function is to repackage the previously treated sheets.
- the transport means 600 are arranged to automatically release each sheet when the latter is found at the right of the new stack. The sheet then falls squarely on the top of the stack.
- the transport means 600 implement a series of gripper bars 610 which are movably mounted in transverse translation by means of two chain trains 620 arranged laterally on each side of the processing machine 1.
- chain train 620 traverses a loop which allows the gripper bars 610 to follow a path successively passing through the printing device 300, the feed and discharge station 400 and the receiving station 500.
- the printing device 300 is designed to be able to generate a hot stamping.
- the platen press 310 is equipped with a heater 340 which is capable of carrying at a given temperature, each stamping tool (not shown) which is associated with the static plate 320.
- this heating member 340 is mounted movably in displacement between an operating position and a maintenance position.
- the assembly is arranged so that in the operating position, the heating member 340 is interposed between the plate static 320 and each stamping tool associated with said plate 320 ( Figures 2 to 4 ), and that in the maintenance position, said heating member 340 is disposed outside the platen press 310 ( figure 6 ).
- the printing device 300 is provided with means 350 for transporting the heater member 340 between the operating position and the maintenance position.
- This characteristic implies in practice that the transport means 350 are capable of providing real support and guidance functions during the transfer of the heating element 340.
- the printing device 300 is arranged in such a way that the displacement of the heating element 340 takes place in two stages.
- the transport means 350 are first of all able to translate the heating member 340 in a direction substantially orthogonal to the inner face 321 of the static plate 320. This mobility is exerted between the position of functioning ( Figures 3 and 4 ) and an intermediate position in which the heating member 340 is disposed between the two plates 320, 330 of the press 310 but at a distance from the latter ( figure 5 ).
- the transport means 350 are also able to translate the heating element 340 in a direction substantially parallel to the internal face 321 of the static plate 320. The mobility then takes place between the intermediate position previously defined ( figure 5 ) and the maintenance position ( figure 6 ).
- the printing device 300 is conventionally equipped with a frame 351 responsible for supporting each stamping tool associated with the static plate 320.
- this frame 351 is mounted movably in displacement between a position of use ( Figures 3 and 4 ) in which it extends opposite and in contact with the heating element 340 in the operating position, and an extraction position in which it is disposed outside the platen press 310 ( figures 6 and 7 ).
- the frame 351, forming means of transport 350 is able to transport the heating member 340 between the operating position and the maintenance position when said frame 351 is moved between the use position and the extraction position.
- the advantage of such an embodiment is to avoid the design and implementation of a specific system to transfer the heater 340, using a pre-existing transport system, in this case the mobile frame 351 which is responsible for supporting the stamping tools associated with the static plate 320.
- the transfer between the inside and the outside of the platen press 310, of the moving assembly constituted by the heating member 340 placed on the frame 351, is carried out transversely by passing through a lateral opening 312 formed through the portion of the frame 311 which is located on the driver's side.
- the displacement of the moving assembly 340, 351 from the inside to the outside of the platen press 310 thus starts with a vertical descent of the frame 351 between the plates 320, 330 of the press 310.
- this operation is carried out by means of four locking hooks 352 which are substantially located at the four corners of the frame 351, and which are mounted simultaneously movable in vertical translation so as to be able to transport said frame 351 horizontally.
- the mobility of each hook 352 is exerted between a high position in which it comes to press the frame 351 against the heating member 340 which is itself in contact with the static plate 320 ( Figures 3 and 4 ), and a low position in which it is spaced from the frame 351 after having laid it in abutment on two sets of transfer rollers 353a, 353b ( Figures 5 to 7 ).
- the assembly is arranged so that when the chassis 351 actually rests on these rollers 353a, 353b, the heater member 340 is in the intermediate position.
- each hook 352 is in fact coupled to a stack of spring washers, forming resilient return means, which permanently drives it to the high position. But it is also coupled to a pneumatic system, forming unidirectional displacement means, which is able to drive on command in the low position, despite the permanent action of the elastic return means.
- the movement of the moving assembly 340, 351 from the inside to the outside of the platen press 310 continues with a translation horizontally through the lateral opening 312.
- this operation is performed by sliding the frame 351 through the use of several sets of rotary rollers 353a, 353b, 354a, 354b which are implanted both inside outside the platen press 310.
- the sliding inside the platen press 310 is performed on two sets of internal rollers 353a, 353b which are mounted on the frame 311, and which are positioned vis-a-vis respectively upstream and downstream. of said press 310.
- two sets of outer rollers 354a, 354b are used. They are positioned in the respective extensions of the two series of internal rollers 353a, 353b, at the level of two support arms 312a, 312b located on either side of the lateral opening 312.
- the assembly is arranged in such a way that the horizontal translation of the frame 351 corresponds to the transfer of the heating member 340 between the intermediate position and the maintenance position.
- the printing device 300 is further provided with fixing means 360 for immobilizing the heating member 340 in the operating position.
- fixing means 360 for immobilizing the heating member 340 in the operating position.
- immobilization must be reversible in order to preserve the displacement capacity of the heating element 340.
- the fastening means 360 must be deactivated prior to the extraction of the heating element 340, and activated before any switching on of the printing device 300
- the fixing means 360 are designed to press the heating member 340 against the inner face 321 of the static plate 320, by pulling it from a portion of said static plate 320, which is situated substantially at the opposite of said inner face 321. Regardless of the immobilization it generates, the advantage of such a plating is to avoid buckling of the heating member 340 under the effect of heat, but also to limit the vibrations resulting from the back and forth movements of the movable stage 330.
- the fastening means 360 are accessible from the face of the static plate 320, said external face 322, which is opposite to the internal face 321. It should be noted that this notion of accessibility also concerns the setting up 360 fastening means, that their activation or deactivation.
- the fastening means 360 comprise a plurality of tie rods 361 which take place in as many positioning holes 323 ( figure 2 ) formed through the static plate 320 in a direction substantially orthogonal to the inner face 321. Furthermore, each tie 361 comprises a stop-shaped head 362 which bears against a portion of the static plate 320 which is substantially opposite to the inner face 321, and a threaded end 363 which is screwed into a tapping 341 formed in the heating member 340.
- each tie 361 is concretely in the form of a threaded rod which passes vertically through the static plate 320 from one side to the other. Its head 362 is positioned at the outer face 322 of the static plate 320, which makes it directly accessible from the outside of the press 310. Its threaded end 363 exceeds that of the static plate 320 in order to come screw into the heating member 340 placed just below.
- the heating member 340 has a composite structure which associates a heating plate 343 and an insulating plate 344 positioned one below the other.
- the outer face of the heating plate 343 is turned towards the inside of the platen press 310, that is to say, facing the stamping tools, while the external face of the insulator 344 is pressed against the static plate 320.
- the heating plate 343 also has a composite structure, insofar as it is constituted by a heat-conducting plate 345 in which is integrated a plurality of heating bodies 346.
- housing 347 are formed in the thickness of the heat-conducting plate 345, and they are dimensioned to receive heating elements 346 of the electric resistance type.
- connection 348 ( Figures 9 and 10 ) which is implanted laterally, on the side where the operator of the machine 1 operates. In a particularly advantageous manner, this connection box 348 is integral with the heating member 340.
- the printing device 300 also has fastening means for securing the connection box 348 to the frame 311 of the platen press 310.
- fastening means for securing the connection box 348 to the frame 311 of the platen press 310.
- the use of Such fastening means is not only intended to maintain the connection box 348, since it also makes it possible to pre-position the heating member 340 with respect to the static plate 320 before they are secured by the tie rods 361.
- the fastening means are constituted by screws which are screwed directly into the frame (not shown on the Figures 9 and 10 but visible on the figure 2 ) of the platen press 310.
- each positioning hole 323 has a section substantially greater than that of the tie rod 361 associated therewith. This feature is intended to create a radial clearance between the tie rod 361 and the static plate 320, so as to allow free thermal expansion of the heater member 340.
- each tie 361 comprises an elastically deformable element 364 which is interposed axially between the head 362 and the static platen portion 320 which serves as a support surface for said tie rod 361.
- This characteristic is intended to compensate the pressure forces that are generated in the platen press 310, as well as the thermal expansion experienced by the heater 340 in the direction of the tie rods 361.
- each elastically deformable element 364 is constituted by a stack of conical washers 365 which are positioned head-to-tail so as to form a compact spring of great stiffness.
- the invention more generally relates to any processing machine 1 of a succession of sheet-shaped elements, which comprises at least one printing device 300 as previously described.
- a processing machine 1 can be a simple gilding machine as in the embodiment chosen to illustrate the invention, but it can also integrate other functions such as cutting, the separation of poses, the ejection of waste, etc.
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Description
La présente invention concerne un dispositif permettant d'imprimer une succession d'éléments en forme de feuilles par estampage à chaud.The present invention relates to a device for printing a succession of sheet-shaped elements by hot stamping.
L'invention trouve une application particulièrement avantageuse, mais non exclusive, dans le domaine de la fabrication des emballages destinés à l'industrie du luxe.The invention finds a particularly advantageous, but not exclusive, application in the field of manufacturing packaging for the luxury industry.
Il est connu d'imprimer des textes et/ou des motifs par estampage, c'est-à-dire de déposer par pression sur un support en forme de feuille, de la pellicule colorée ou métallisée issue d'une ou plusieurs bandes à estamper communément appelées bandes métallisées. Dans l'industrie, une telle opération de transfert est traditionnellement. réalisée au moyen d'une presse à platine verticale, dans laquelle chaque support d'impression et les bandes à estamper mises en jeu sont pressés ensemble entre deux platines parallèles dont l'une est statique tandis que l'autre est montée mobile en déplacement suivant un mouvement de va-et-vient vertical.It is known to print texts and / or patterns by stamping, that is to say to deposit by pressure on a sheet-like support, colored or metallized film from one or more strips to be stamped. commonly referred to as metallized strips. In the industry, such a transfer operation is traditionally. performed by means of a vertical platen press, in which each printing medium and the stamping strips involved are pressed together between two parallel plates, one of which is static while the other is mounted movable in following motion a vertical back and forth motion.
Dans le cas d'un estampage à chaud, le transfert de pellicule requiert un apport de chaleur en plus de la mise en pression. Pour cette raison, un organe de chauffage est habituellement intercalé entre la platine statique et les outils d'estampage qui sont associés à cette dernière. Un tel organe de chauffage se présente généralement sous la forme d'une plaque chauffante dont une face est recouverte d'un isolant destiné à servir d'interface avec la platine, tandis que l'autre face est vouée à s'étendre au dos des outils d'estampage.In the case of hot stamping, film transfer requires heat input in addition to pressurization. For this reason, a heating element is usually interposed between the static plate and the stamping tools that are associated with the latter. Such a heating member is generally in the form of a heating plate, one side is covered with an insulator intended to interface with the plate, while the other side is intended to extend to the back of stamping tools.
En pratique, l'organe de chauffage est solidarisé à la platine statique par l'intermédiaire de plusieurs vis de fixation qui viennent se monter depuis l'intérieur de la presse à platine. Cela signifie concrètement que chacune d'entre elles traverse l'organe de chauffage avant de venir se visser dans un taraudage ménagé de manière adéquate dans la platine.In practice, the heating element is secured to the static plate by means of several fixing screws that come up from the inside of the platen press. This concretely means that each of them passes through the heating element before coming to screw in a tapped fit in the plate.
Ce type d'agencement présente toutefois l'inconvénient de conférer un accès particulièrement difficile à l'organe de chauffage, ce qui a pour conséquence de compliquer significativement les interventions de maintenance ou de dépannage. Le montage ou le démontage des vis de fixation requiert en effet de passer les bras entre les platines de la presse, ce qui s'avère extrêmement peu pratique. De plus, pour atteindre les vis de fixation les plus éloignées du côté conducteur, il est souvent indispensable de retirer certains périphériques implantés directement en amont et en aval de la presse à platine. Enfin, il est nécessaire de supporter manuellement l'organe de chauffage durant toute la phase d'extraction ou d'insertion dans la presse à platine. Le document
La solution au problème technique posé consiste, selon la présente invention, en une machine de traitement (1) d'une succession d'éléments en forme de feuilles conforme aux caractéristiques de la revendication 1.The solution to the technical problem posed consists, according to the present invention, in a processing machine (1) of a succession of sheet-shaped elements according to the features of
Il est bon de souligner qu'à ce stade de la description, la mobilité de l'organe de chauffage peut en théorie s'opérer suivant n'importe quel mouvement. De la même manière, sa trajectoire de déplacement peut être quelconque, c'est-à-dire être purement rectiligne ou circulaire, être plus généralement curviligne, ou résulter de n'importe quelle combinaison de ces mouvements.It is worth emphasizing that at this stage of the description, the mobility of the heating element can in theory operate according to any movement. In the same way, its trajectory of displacement can be any, that is to say to be purely rectilinear or circular, to be more generally curvilinear, or to result from any combination of these movements.
L'important est que la position de fonctionnement soit celle dans laquelle l'organe de chauffage est pleinement opérationnel, c'est-à-dire en mesure de remplir sa fonction de chauffage au sein même de la presse à platine. En position de maintenance par contre, il est essentiel que l'organe de chauffage se tienne à l'extérieur de la presse à platine, à un endroit suffisamment accessible pour que l'on puisse intervenir directement dessus ou l'emmener facilement vers un emplacement encore plus adéquat.The important thing is that the operating position is one in which the heating element is fully operational, that is to say able to fulfill its heating function within the platen press. In the maintenance position, however, it is essential that the heating element be held outside the platen press, in a place sufficiently accessible so that it can be operated directly on it or easily taken to a location. even more adequate.
Quoi qu'il en soit, l'invention telle qu'ainsi définie présente l'avantage de ne requérir aucune intervention au cœur de la presse à platine, aussi bien pour extraire que pour mettre en place l'organe de chauffage. Contrairement à ses homologues de l'art antérieur, l'organe de chauffage selon l'invention n'est pas simplement monté amovible, c'est-à-dire fixé de manière réversible. Il est également monté mobile en déplacement, ce qui signifie qu'il est supporté et guidé mécaniquement durant tout transfert entre l'intérieur et l'extérieur de la presse à platine. Toute intervention sur l'organe de chauffage, par exemple pour tester ses capacité de chauffe indépendamment du reste de la machine, va donc pouvoir se faire avec facilité, rapidité et confort.Whatever the case may be, the invention as thus defined has the advantage of requiring no intervention at the heart of the platen press, both for extracting and for setting up the heating element. Unlike its counterparts of the prior art, the heating element according to the invention is not simply removable mounted, that is to say fixed reversibly. It is also movably mounted on the move, which means that it is mechanically supported and guided during any transfer between the inside and the outside of the platen press. Any intervention on the heater, for example to test its heating capacity independently of the rest of the machine, so can be done with ease, speed and comfort.
La présente invention concerne en outre les caractéristiques qui ressortiront au cours de la description qui va suivre, et qui devront être considérées isolément ou selon toutes leurs combinaisons techniques possibles.The present invention further relates to the features which will emerge in the course of the description which follows, and which should be considered in isolation or in all their possible technical combinations.
Cette description, donnée à titre d'exemple non limitatif, est destinée à mieux faire comprendre en quoi consiste l'invention et comment elle peut être réalisée. La description est par ailleurs donnée en référence aux dessins annexés dans lesquels:
- La
figure 1 représente une machine de traitement qui est destinée à imprimer des feuilles de carton par estampage à chaud, et qui est équipée pour cela d'un dispositif d'impression conforme à l'invention. - La
figure 2 est une vue en perspective qui détaille plus spécifiquement le dispositif d'impression visible à lafigure 1 . - Les
figures 3 à 7 illustrent la cinématique de déplacement de l'organe de chauffage par rapport à la presse à platine, durant un transfert de l'intérieur vers l'extérieur de ladite presse. - La
figure 3 fait apparaître l'organe de chauffage en position de fonctionnement au sein de la presse à platine. - La
figure 4 représente l'organe de chauffage au moment de son déverrouillage, au début de la phase de transfert. - La
figure 5 montre l'organe de chauffage dans une position intermédiaire du transfert. - La
figure 6 concerne la fin du transfert, c'est-à-dire le moment où l'organe de chauffage atteint sa position de maintenance. - La
figure 7 illustre le retrait de l'organe de chauffage depuis la position de maintenance. - La
figure 8 est une coupe transversale verticale au niveau de la platine statique de la presse, qui dévoile la fixation de l'organe de chauffage en position de fonctionnement. - Les
figures 9 et 10 sont des vues similaires auxfigures 3 et7 , mais qui correspondent à une variante de réalisation dont la particularité est d'associer un boîtier de connexion électrique à l'organe de chauffage.
- The
figure 1 represents a processing machine which is intended to print sheets of cardboard by hot stamping, and which is equipped for this purpose with a printing device according to the invention. - The
figure 2 is a perspective view which more specifically details the printing device visible at thefigure 1 . - The
Figures 3 to 7 illustrate the movement kinematics of the heating member relative to the platen press during a transfer from the inside to the outside of said press. - The
figure 3 shows the heating element in operating position within the platen press. - The
figure 4 represents the heating element at the moment of its unlocking, at the beginning of the transfer phase. - The
figure 5 shows the heater in an intermediate position of the transfer. - The
figure 6 relates to the end of the transfer, that is to say the moment when the heating member reaches its maintenance position. - The
figure 7 illustrates the removal of the heater from the maintenance position. - The
figure 8 is a vertical cross section at the static platen of the press, which reveals the fixing of the heating member in the operating position. - The
Figures 9 and 10 are similar views tofigures 3 and7 , but which correspond to an embodiment variant whose particularity is to associate an electrical connection box to the heating member.
Pour des raisons de clarté, les mêmes éléments ont été désignés par des références identiques. De même, seuls les éléments essentiels pour la compréhension de l'invention ont été représentés, et ceci sans respect de l'échelle et de manière schématique..For the sake of clarity, the same elements have been designated by identical references. Similarly, only the essential elements for the understanding of the invention have been represented, and this without respect of the scale and schematically.
La
Les différentes parties 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600 de la machine de traitement 1 étant parfaitement connues de l'état de la technique, elles ne seront pas décrites en détail ici, tant au niveau de leur structure que de leur fonctionnement.The
On précisera simplement que dans ce mode particulier de réalisation, choisi uniquement à titre d'exemple, le margeur 100 est approvisionné en feuilles de carton à partir d'une succession de piles stockées sur des palettes. Les feuilles sont successivement enlevées du dessus de chaque pile par un organe de préhension à succion qui les transporte jusqu'à la table de marge 200 directement adjacente.In this particular embodiment, selected solely by way of example, the
Au niveau de la table de marge 200, les feuilles sont mises en nappe par l'organe de préhension à succion, c'est-à-dire posées l'une après l'autre de façon à se chevaucher partiellement. L'ensemble de la nappe est ensuite entraîné en déplacement le long d'un plateau 210 en direction du dispositif d'impression 300, au moyen d'un mécanisme de transport à courroies. A l'extrémité de la nappe, la feuille de tête est systématiquement positionnée avec précision au moyen de taquets frontaux et latéraux.At the level of the margin table 200, the sheets are tabled by the suction grip member, that is to say placed one after the other so as to overlap partially. The entire web is then moved along a
La station de travail située juste après la table de marge 200 est donc le dispositif d'impression 300. Cette station a pour fonction de déposer sur chaque feuille, par estampage à chaud, de la pellicule métallisée qui est issue d'une unique bande à estamper 410 dans cette exemple de réalisation. Elle utilise pour cela une presse à platine 310 au sein de laquelle l'opération d'estampage s'effectue entre une platine supérieure 320 qui est statique, et une platine inférieure 330 qui est montée mobile en déplacement suivant un mouvement de va-et-vient vertical. Des outils d'estampage (non représentés) sont bien entendu associés à chacune des platines 320, 330.The workstation located immediately after the margin table 200 is therefore the
En aval du dispositif d'impression 300, on trouve la station d'alimentation et de récupération de bande 400. Comme son nom l'indique, cette station joue un double rôle puisqu'elle est chargée d'assurer à la fois l'alimentation de la machine en bande à estamper 410, ainsi que l'évacuation de cette même bande une fois celle-ci usagée.Downstream of the
Dans cet exemple particulier de réalisation, la bande 410 est stockée classiquement sous une forme enroulée, autour d'une bobine d'alimentation 420 montée rotative. De façon analogue, après son passage à travers la presse à platine 310, la bande 410 vient s'enrouler autour d'une bobine de récupération 430 montée rotative. Entre son point de stockage et son point de récupération, la bande 410 est entraînée en déplacement par un système d'entraînement 440 qui est à même de la faire circuler sur une distance donnée et suivant un trajet de défilement déterminé qui passe notamment à travers la presse à platine 310. Ce système d'entraînement de bande 440 est principalement composé, d'une part, d'une série de barres de renvoi 441 qui sont implantées le long du trajet de défilement pour guider le déplacement de la bande 410, et d'autre part, de l'association d'un arbre d'avance 442 et d'un galet presseur 443 qui sont positionnés en aval dudit trajet de défilement pour entraîner ladite bande 410 en déplacement. Un guide 444 est par ailleurs présent juste en aval de la presse à platine 310.In this particular exemplary embodiment, the
Le processus de traitement des feuilles s'achève dans la station de réception 500 dont la principale fonction est de reconditionner en pile les feuilles préalablement traitées. Pour cela, les moyens de transport 600 sont agencés de manière à relâcher automatiquement chaque feuille lorsque cette dernière se retrouve au droit de la nouvelle pile. La feuille tombe alors de façon équerrée sur le dessus de la pile.The process of processing the sheets ends in the receiving
De manière très classique, les moyens de transport 600 mettent en œuvre une série de barres de pinces 610 qui sont montées mobiles en translation transversale par l'intermédiaire de deux trains de chaînes 620 disposés latéralement de chaque côté de la machine de traitement 1. Chaque train de chaînes 620 parcourt une boucle qui permet aux barres de pinces 610 de suivre une trajectoire passant successivement par le dispositif d'impression 300, la station d'alimentation et d'évacuation 400 et la station de réception 500.In a very conventional manner, the transport means 600 implement a series of gripper bars 610 which are movably mounted in transverse translation by means of two
Ainsi qu'on peut le voir plus précisément sur la
Conformément à l'objet de la présente invention, cet organe de chauffage 340 est monté mobile en déplacement entre une position de fonctionnement et une position de maintenance. L'ensemble est agencé de manière à ce qu'en position de fonctionnement, l'organe de chauffage 340 soit intercalé entre la platine statique 320 et chaque outil d'estampage associé à ladite platine 320 (
Selon une particularité de l'invention, le dispositif d'impression 300 est doté de moyens 350 permettant de transporter l'organe de chauffage 340 entre la position de fonctionnement et la position de maintenance. Cette caractéristique implique en pratique que les moyens de transport 350 soient capables d'assurer de véritables fonctions de support et de guidage lors du transfert de l'organe de chauffage 340.According to a feature of the invention, the
De manière particulièrement avantageuse, le dispositif d'impression 300 est agencé de manière à ce que le déplacement de l'organe de chauffage 340 s'opère en deux temps. C'est ainsi que les moyens de transport 350 sont tout d'abord à même de translater l'organe de chauffage 340 suivant une direction sensiblement orthogonale à la face interne 321 de la platine statique 320. Cette mobilité s'exerce entre la position de fonctionnement (
Dans l'exemple de réalisation choisi pour illustrer l'invention, le dispositif d'impression 300 est équipé de manière classique d'un châssis 351 chargé de supporter chaque outil d'estampage associé à la platine statique 320. De façon toute aussi conventionnelle, ce châssis 351 est monté mobile en déplacement entre une position d'utilisation (
Dans ces conditions et conformément à un mode de réalisation actuellement préféré de l'invention, le châssis 351, formant moyens de transport 350, est apte à transporter l'organe de chauffage 340 entre la position de fonctionnement et la position de maintenance lorsque ledit châssis 351 est déplacé entre la position d'utilisation et la position d'extraction. L'intérêt d'un tel mode de réalisation est d'éviter la conception et l'implantation d'un système spécifique pour transférer l'organe de chauffage 340, en utilisant un système de transport préexistant, en l'occurrence le châssis mobile 351 qui est chargé de supporter les outils d'estampage associés à la platine statique 320.Under these conditions and in accordance with a presently preferred embodiment of the invention, the
En pratique, le transfert entre l'intérieur et l'extérieur de la presse à platine 310, de l'ensemble mobile que constitue l'organe de chauffage 340 posé sur le châssis 351, s'effectue transversalement en passant à travers une ouverture latérale 312 ménagée à travers la partie du bâti 311 qui est située côté conducteur.In practice, the transfer between the inside and the outside of the
Le déplacement de l'ensemble mobile 340, 351 de l'intérieur vers l'extérieur de la presse à platine 310 commence donc par une descente verticale du châssis 351 entre les platines 320, 330 de la presse 310.The displacement of the moving
Concrètement, cette opération s'effectue par l'intermédiaire de quatre crochets de verrouillage 352 qui sont implantés sensiblement aux quatre coins du châssis 351, et qui sont montés mobiles simultanément en translation verticale de façon à pouvoir transporter horizontalement ledit châssis 351. Pour cela, la mobilité de chaque crochet 352 s'exerce entre une position haute dans laquelle il vient plaquer le châssis 351 contre l'organe de chauffage 340 qui est lui-même au contact de la platine statique 320 (
Entre leur position haute et leur position basse, la translation synchronisée des quatre crochets 352 résulte de l'action combinée de moyens de rappel élastique individuels (non représentés) et de moyens de déplacement unidirectionnel communs (non représentés). Dans cet exemple de réalisation, chaque crochet 352 est en effet couplé à un empilement de rondelles ressorts, formant moyens de rappel élastique, qui l'entraîne en permanence en position haute. Mais il est également couplé à un système pneumatique, formant moyens de déplacement unidirectionnel, qui est à même de l'entraîner sur commande en position basse, malgré l'action permanente des moyens de rappel élastique.Between their high position and their low position, the synchronized translation of the four
Une fois la position intermédiaire atteinte par l'organe de chauffage 340, le déplacement de l'ensemble mobile 340, 351 de l'intérieur vers l'extérieur de la presse à platine 310 se poursuit par une translation horizontale à travers l'ouverture latérale 312. En pratique, cette opération s'effectue par coulissement du châssis 351 grâce à la mise en jeu de plusieurs séries de galets rotatifs 353a, 353b, 354a, 354b qui sont implantées aussi bien à l'intérieur qu'à l'extérieur de la presse à platine 310.Once the intermediate position is reached by the
Concrètement, le coulissement à l'intérieur de la presse à platine 310 s'effectue sur deux séries de galets internes 353a, 353b qui sont montées sur le bâti 311, et qui sont positionnées en vis-à-vis respectivement en amont et en aval de ladite presse 310. En ce qui concerne le coulissement du châssis 351 à l'extérieur de la presse 310, ce sont deux séries de galets externes 354a, 354b qui sont utilisées. Elles sont positionnées dans les prolongements respectifs des deux séries de galets internes 353a, 353b, au niveau de deux bras supports 312a, 312b implantés de part et d'autre de l'ouverture latérale 312. L'ensemble est agencé de manière à ce que la translation horizontale du châssis 351 corresponde au transfert de l'organe de chauffage 340 entre la position intermédiaire et la position de maintenance.Specifically, the sliding inside the
Il est bon de remarquer que contrairement à la translation verticale précédemment décrite, la translation horizontale du châssis n'est pas mécanisée. Elle s'opère manuellement par l'intermédiaire de deux poignées de déplacement 355.It is worth noting that contrary to the vertical translation previously described, the horizontal translation of the chassis is not mechanized. It is operated manually by means of two movement handles 355.
Selon une autre particularité de l'invention, le dispositif d'impression 300 est en outre pourvu de moyens de fixation 360 permettant d'immobiliser l'organe de chauffage 340 en position de fonctionnement. Bien entendu, une telle immobilisation doit se faire de manière réversible afin de préserver la capacité de déplacement de l'organe de chauffage 340. Cela signifie que les moyens de fixation 360 doivent être désactivés préalablement à l'extraction de l'organe de chauffage 340, et activés avant toute mise en marche du dispositif d'impression 300According to another feature of the invention, the
De manière particulièrement avantageuse, les moyens de fixation 360 sont conçus pour plaquer l'organe de chauffage 340 contre la face interne 321 de la platine statique 320, en le tirant depuis une portion de ladite platine statique 320, qui est située sensiblement à l'opposé de ladite face interne 321. Indépendamment de l'immobilisation qu'il génère, l'intérêt d'un tel plaquage est d'éviter le gondolage de l'organe de chauffage 340 sous l'effet de la chaleur, mais aussi de limiter les vibrations résultant des mouvements de va-et-vient de la platine mobile 330.Particularly advantageously, the fixing means 360 are designed to press the
Conformément à l'invention, les moyens de fixation 360 sont accessibles depuis la face de la platine statique 320, dite face externe 322, qui est opposée à la face interne 321. Il est à noter que cette notion d'accessibilité concerne aussi bien la mise en place des moyens de fixation 360, que leur activation ou leur désactivation.According to the invention, the fastening means 360 are accessible from the face of the
Dans cet exemple de réalisation, les moyens de fixation 360 comportent une pluralité de tirants 361 qui prennent places dans autant de trous de positionnement 323 (
Ainsi qu'on peut le voir clairement à la
Dans cet exemple de réalisation, l'organe de chauffage 340 présente une structure composite qui associe une plaque chauffante 343 et une plaque isolante 344 positionnées l'une sous l'autre. La face externe de la plaque chauffante 343 est tournée vers l'intérieur de la presse à platine 310, c'est-à-dire en regard des outils d'estampage, tandis que la face externe de l'isolant 344 est plaquée contre la platine statique 320.In this embodiment, the
Conformément à la
Les fils d'alimentation des différents corps de chauffe 346 sortent le long des bords amont et aval de la plaque thermo-conductrice 345, avant d'être regroupés pour venir se brancher sur un même boîtier de connexion 348 (
Dans cette logique, et conformément à une autre caractéristique avantageuse, le dispositif d'impression 300 dispose en outre de moyens de fixation permettant de solidariser le boîtier de connexion 348 au bâti 311 de la presse à platine 310. En pratique, l'utilisation de tels moyens de fixation n'a pas uniquement pour but de maintenir le boîtier de connexion 348, puisqu'elle permet également de pré-positionner l'organe de chauffage 340 par rapport à la platine statique 320 avant leur solidarisation par les tirants 361. Dans cet exemple, les moyens de fixation sont constitués par des vis qui viennent se visser directement dans le bâti (non représenté sur les
Il est à noter que même si il apparaît théoriquement possible de n'employer qu'un seul tirant 361 pour réaliser la fonction d'immobilisation, on en utilisera de préférence plusieurs répartis sur toute la surface de l'organe de chauffage 340, conformément à l'exemple de réalisation des
Ainsi qu'on peut le voir distinctement sur la coupe de la
De manière particulièrement avantageuse, chaque tirant 361 comporte un élément élastiquement déformable 364 qui est intercalé axialement entre la tête 362 et la portion de platine statique 320 qui sert de surface d'appui audit tirant 361. Cette caractéristique est quant à elle destinée à compenser les efforts de pression qui sont générés au sein de la presse à platine 310, ainsi que la dilatation thermique que subit l'organe de chauffage 340 suivant la direction des tirants 361.In a particularly advantageous manner, each
Dans cet exemple de réalisation, chaque élément élastiquement déformable 364 est constitué par un empilement de rondelles coniques 365 qui sont positionnées tête-bêche de manière à former un ressort compact de grande raideur.In this embodiment, each elastically
Bien entendu, l'invention concerne plus généralement toute machine de traitement 1 d'une succession d'éléments en forme de feuilles, qui comprend au moins un dispositif d'impression 300 tel que précédemment décrit. Une telle machine de traitement 1 peut être une simple machine de dorure comme dans le mode de réalisation choisi pour illustrer l'invention, mais elle peut également intégrer d'autres fonctions comme par exemple la découpe, la séparation de poses, l'éjection de déchets, etc.Of course, the invention more generally relates to any
Claims (9)
- Machine (1) for processing a succession of elements in the form of sheets, comprising at least one device for printing (300) the succession of elements, comprising a platen press (310) for depositing onto each sheet, by stamping between a static platen (320) and a mobile platen (330), the coloured or metallised film coming from at least one stamping foil (410), as well as a heating element (340) for bringing to a given temperature any stamping tool integral to the static platen (320) in order that the stamping operation takes place in a hot environment within the platen press (310), the printing device (300) further comprising a frame (351) which is configured to support each stamping tool associated with the static platen (320), and which is mounted for moving by displacement between a use position wherein it extends opposite and in contact with the heating element (340) in an operating position, and an extraction position wherein it is arranged outside the platen press (310),
characterised in that the heating element (340) is mounted for moving by displacement between an operating position wherein it is interposed between the static platen (320), and each stamping tool associated with said platen (320) and a maintenance position wherein it is positioned outside the platen press (310), the printing device (300) comprising:- means (350) capable of transporting the heating element (340) between the operating position and the maintenance position, the frame (351), forming said transporting means (350), being capable of transporting the heating element (340) between the operating position and the maintenance position when said frame (351) is moved between the use position and the extraction position,- fastening means (360) capable of immobilising the heating element (340) in an operating position, the fastening means (360) being accessible from the face of the static platen (320), called outer face (322), which is opposite the inner face (321). - Machine according to the preceding claim, characterised in that the transporting means (350) are capable of moving the heating element (340) in translation, on the one hand, in a direction substantially perpendicular to the inner face (321) of the static platen (320), between the operating position and an intermediate position wherein said heating element (340) is arranged between the two platens (320, 330) of the press (310) but spaced apart from these latter, and on the other hand, in a direction substantially parallel to the inner face (321) of the static platen (320), between said intermediate position and the maintenance position.
- Machine according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the fastening means (360) are capable of applying the heating element (340) against the inner face (321) of the static platen (320), by pulling it from a portion of said static platen (320), which is situated substantially opposite said inner face (321).
- Machine according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the fastening means (360) comprise at least one tie rod (361) which is placed in a positioning hole (323) formed through the static platen (320) in a direction substantially perpendicular to the inner face (321), and which comprises a head in the form of an abutment (362) which bears against a portion of the static platen (320) and which is substantially opposite the inner face (321), as well as a threaded end (363) which is screwed into a screw thread (341) formed in the heating element (340).
- Machine according to the preceding claim, characterised in that each positioning hole (323) has a cross-section substantially greater than that of said tie rod (361) associated with it.
- Machine according to claim 4 or 5, characterised in that each tie rod (361) comprises an elastically deformable element (364) which is interposed axially between the head (362) and the portion of the static platen (320) which serves as a bearing surface for the said tie rod (361).
- Machine according to the preceding claim, characterised in that each elastically deformable element (364) is constituted by a stack of conical washers (365) positioned head to tail.
- Machine according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the heating element (340) incorporates a plurality of heating bodies (346) which are electrically connected to at least one connection box (348), and in that each connection box (348) is integral to the heating element (340).
- Machine according to the preceding claim, characterised in that the printing device (300) comprises fastening means capable of integrally connecting each connection box (348) to the platen press (310).
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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EP12714224.8A EP2694280B1 (en) | 2011-04-05 | 2012-04-05 | Hot-stamping printing device |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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EP11002812 | 2011-04-05 | ||
PCT/EP2012/001521 WO2012136373A2 (en) | 2011-04-05 | 2012-04-05 | Hot-stamping printing device |
EP12714224.8A EP2694280B1 (en) | 2011-04-05 | 2012-04-05 | Hot-stamping printing device |
Publications (2)
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EP2694280A2 EP2694280A2 (en) | 2014-02-12 |
EP2694280B1 true EP2694280B1 (en) | 2019-12-11 |
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EP12714224.8A Active EP2694280B1 (en) | 2011-04-05 | 2012-04-05 | Hot-stamping printing device |
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US (2) | US9849706B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2694280B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP5890002B2 (en) |
KR (1) | KR101545427B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN103459135B (en) |
BR (1) | BR112013025515A2 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2768241T3 (en) |
TW (1) | TWI474920B (en) |
WO (1) | WO2012136373A2 (en) |
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- 2012-04-05 JP JP2014503030A patent/JP5890002B2/en active Active
- 2012-04-05 ES ES12714224T patent/ES2768241T3/en active Active
- 2012-04-05 EP EP12714224.8A patent/EP2694280B1/en active Active
- 2012-04-05 CN CN201280017082.XA patent/CN103459135B/en active Active
- 2012-04-05 US US14/009,885 patent/US9849706B2/en active Active
- 2012-04-05 KR KR1020137028855A patent/KR101545427B1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2012-04-05 TW TW101112021A patent/TWI474920B/en active
- 2012-04-05 WO PCT/EP2012/001521 patent/WO2012136373A2/en active Application Filing
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2016
- 2016-07-21 US US15/216,326 patent/US9579914B2/en active Active
Non-Patent Citations (1)
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EP2694280A2 (en) | 2014-02-12 |
JP2014516319A (en) | 2014-07-10 |
WO2012136373A3 (en) | 2013-01-24 |
KR20130133070A (en) | 2013-12-05 |
WO2012136373A9 (en) | 2013-10-24 |
TW201302449A (en) | 2013-01-16 |
WO2012136373A2 (en) | 2012-10-11 |
CN103459135A (en) | 2013-12-18 |
US20160325574A1 (en) | 2016-11-10 |
BR112013025515A2 (en) | 2016-12-27 |
US9849706B2 (en) | 2017-12-26 |
JP5890002B2 (en) | 2016-03-22 |
ES2768241T3 (en) | 2020-06-22 |
CN103459135B (en) | 2018-11-27 |
US20140020575A1 (en) | 2014-01-23 |
US9579914B2 (en) | 2017-02-28 |
KR101545427B1 (en) | 2015-08-18 |
TWI474920B (en) | 2015-03-01 |
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