EP2681435B1 - Piston pour un moteur à combustion interne et procédé de fabrication - Google Patents

Piston pour un moteur à combustion interne et procédé de fabrication Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2681435B1
EP2681435B1 EP12727232.6A EP12727232A EP2681435B1 EP 2681435 B1 EP2681435 B1 EP 2681435B1 EP 12727232 A EP12727232 A EP 12727232A EP 2681435 B1 EP2681435 B1 EP 2681435B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
piston
ring element
joining surfaces
base body
joining
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP12727232.6A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2681435A2 (fr
Inventor
Helmut Edel
Andreas Seeger-Van Nie
Volker Weisse
Achim Fedyna
Christian Peschke
Rainer Scharp
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mahle International GmbH
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Mahle International GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mahle International GmbH filed Critical Mahle International GmbH
Publication of EP2681435A2 publication Critical patent/EP2681435A2/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2681435B1 publication Critical patent/EP2681435B1/fr
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F3/00—Pistons 
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F3/00—Pistons 
    • F02F3/0015—Multi-part pistons
    • F02F3/003—Multi-part pistons the parts being connected by casting, brazing, welding or clamping
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F3/00—Pistons 
    • F02F3/16—Pistons  having cooling means
    • F02F3/20—Pistons  having cooling means the means being a fluid flowing through or along piston
    • F02F3/22—Pistons  having cooling means the means being a fluid flowing through or along piston the fluid being liquid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F3/00—Pistons 
    • F02F3/0015—Multi-part pistons
    • F02F3/003—Multi-part pistons the parts being connected by casting, brazing, welding or clamping
    • F02F2003/0061—Multi-part pistons the parts being connected by casting, brazing, welding or clamping by welding
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05C—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO MATERIALS, MATERIAL PROPERTIES OR MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR MACHINES, ENGINES OR PUMPS OTHER THAN NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F05C2201/00—Metals
    • F05C2201/02—Light metals
    • F05C2201/021—Aluminium
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05C—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO MATERIALS, MATERIAL PROPERTIES OR MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR MACHINES, ENGINES OR PUMPS OTHER THAN NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F05C2201/00—Metals
    • F05C2201/04—Heavy metals
    • F05C2201/0433—Iron group; Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel
    • F05C2201/0448—Steel
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49229—Prime mover or fluid pump making
    • Y10T29/49249—Piston making
    • Y10T29/49252—Multi-element piston making

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a piston for an internal combustion engine, comprising a piston main body and a piston ring member, the piston main body has at least an inner region of a piston head, which forms the bottom of a combustion bowl, and a piston shaft which is provided with hub bores having pin bosses, wherein the piston ring member at least one of the trough edge of the combustion bowl enclosing the outer region of a piston crown having a circumferential land and a ring groove provided with annular recesses, the piston body and the piston ring element form a circumferential closed cooling channel and are joined together via corresponding inner and outer conical joining surfaces, wherein the inner joining surfaces form an acute angle ⁇ with a piston center axis.
  • a generic piston is off EP1061249 known.
  • a generic piston and a generic method are known from US 4,651,631 known.
  • a piston is disclosed, the outer and inner corresponding joining surfaces are cone-shaped and lie on a plane. In this way, the required tolerances for the joining process are set and tilting of the two components avoided and achieved a self-centering of the components.
  • the object of the present invention is thus to develop a generic piston so that a reliable self-centering of the components before joining is possible.
  • the corresponding joining surfaces are accordingly formed on the piston base body and on the piston ring element in such a way that they form conically arranged surfaces.
  • the outer corresponding joining surfaces form a larger angle ⁇ with the central axis of the piston than the inner corresponding joining surfaces.
  • the joining surfaces can be decomposed into an axial area vector and a radial area vector.
  • the radial surface portions cause shrinkage stresses, which can occur in thermal joining processes, are easily degraded by free shrinkage of the components in the axial direction.
  • the piston base body and / or the piston ring element may have a local thickening in the region of the cooling channel-side ends of the joining surfaces. As a result, a possible notch effect of the joint connection is at least significantly reduced.
  • the trough edge of the combustion chamber trough is formed from a wear-resistant and / or temperature-resistant material.
  • the piston base body made of a metallic material or the piston ring element made of a wear and / or temperature-resistant steel material.
  • Suitable joining methods are, for example, gluing, welding or soldering. It is expedient to act on the piston ring element and / or the piston main body during the joining process with an axial clamping force in order to support the centering of the components to be joined.
  • FIG. 1 shows an example of a piston 10.
  • the piston 10 has a piston body 11 and a piston ring member 12.
  • the piston main body 11 forms the inner region 14 of a piston head 13; This inner region 14 at the same time represents the bottom of a combustion bowl 15.
  • a piston shaft 16 is connected in a manner known per se, which has pin bosses 18 provided with hub bores 17.
  • the piston main body 11 can be made, for example, from a ferrous material or a light metal material. Both cast and forged materials can be used. Typical cast materials are, for example, cast iron with nodular graphite according to DIN EN 1563, such as, for example, EN-GJS-700-2, cast steel according to DIN EN 10293, or special aluminum-silicon piston alloys.
  • AFP steels according to DIN EN 10267 for example AFP steels according to DIN EN 10267, tempered steels according to DIN EN 10083 or malleable aluminum-silicon alloys can be used.
  • the piston ring member 12 forms the outer portion 21 of the piston crown 13 with a peripheral land 22 and a circumferential ring portion 23 with annular grooves 24 for piston rings (not shown).
  • the outer region 21 of the piston crown 13 includes the trough edge 25 of the combustion bowl 15.
  • the piston ring element may consist of a cast or forged material, or alternatively of a powder metallurgically produced material, preferably of a wear and / or temperature-resistant material.
  • tempered steels according to DIN EN 10083 hot and high-temperature steels, such as.
  • hot and high-temperature steels such as.
  • heat-resistant steels and nickel alloys such as., To DIN EN 10095, are used.
  • cast iron materials eg cast iron with nodular graphite according to DIN EN 1563, cast steel according to DIN EN 10293 or heat-resistant cast steel according to DIN EN 10295 can be used.
  • high-temperature aluminum piston alloys can also be used.
  • the piston ring element 12 also has a peripheral recess 26, which extends in the direction of the piston head 13 substantially parallel to the ring portion 23.
  • a peripheral recess 26 which extends in the direction of the piston head 13 substantially parallel to the ring portion 23.
  • an outer circumferential joining surface 27 and below the trough edge 25 an inner circumferential joining surface 28 is provided below the ring portion 23, and below the trough edge 25, an inner circumferential joining surface 28 is provided below the ring portion 23, an outer circumferential joining surface 27 and below the trough edge 25, an inner circumferential joining surface 28 is provided.
  • the joining surfaces 27 and 28 lie on a common conical surface and close with the piston center axis 100 at an acute angle ⁇ .
  • the piston main body 11 has an outer circumferential recess 31, which is bounded by an outer circumferential joining surface 32 and an inner circumferential joining surface 33.
  • the inner circumferential joining surface 33 encloses at the same time the inner region 14 or the bottom of the combustion chamber trough 15.
  • the outer joining surface 32 and the inner joining surface 33 likewise lie on a common conical surface.
  • the piston main body 11 and the piston ring element 12 are joined together by the corresponding joining surfaces 27 and 32 or 28 and 33 to each other come to lie, so that gap-free or very narrow toleranced joints result.
  • the piston base body 11 and the piston ring element 12 are firmly joined together by means of suitable joining methods, in particular gluing, soldering or welding, along the joining surfaces 27, 32 and 28, 33.
  • suitable joining methods in particular gluing, soldering or welding
  • the joining surfaces 27, 32 and 28, 33 are connected to each other in a single operation, for example.
  • the recess 26 of the piston ring member 12 and the recess of the piston main body 11 thereby form a circumferential closed cooling channel 34.
  • the centering of piston body 11 and piston ring member 12 results automatically due to the fact that the corresponding joining surfaces 27, 32 and 28, 33 on corresponding conical surfaces lie.
  • the centering can be supported by the piston body 11 and the piston ring member 12 are braced axially before joining.
  • a piston body 11 forged from 38MnVS6 is adjusted to the required strength by controlled cooling. Subsequently, the joining surfaces 32, 33 produced in one step, as well as the circumferential recess 31 finished.
  • the piston ring element 12 is forged from the material 42CrMo4 and adjusted to the desired strength by a tempering process. In the same way as in the piston body, the joining surfaces 27, 28 using the same cone angle in this case, as well as the circumferential recess 26 are made.
  • Both parts are preheated and clamped together by an axial force, so that the joining surfaces 27,32 and 28,33 come centered on each other to lie.
  • the two joints thus fixed to one another are then welded together starting from the outside diameter in one working step without the use of additional material.
  • the two joints may be separated, starting from the outer diameter and from the combustion chamber 15, successively or simultaneously by a jet welding process be firmly connected with each other.
  • the two seam roots thus come to rest in the cooling channel.
  • FIG. 2 shows an example of a piston 110 of a piston body 111 and a piston ring member 112, wherein like components are provided with the same reference numerals.
  • the piston ring element 111 has a single conical joining surface 135 and the piston ring element 112 has a single corresponding conical joining surface 136.
  • the piston main body 111 and the piston ring element 112 are firmly joined together by means of suitable joining methods, in particular gluing, soldering or welding, along the joining surfaces 135, 136.
  • the joining surfaces 135, 136 can be connected to one another in a single operation, for example by welding.
  • the centering of the piston main body 111 and the piston ring element 112 also results automatically in this embodiment due to the fact that the corresponding joining surfaces 135, 136 lie on corresponding conical surfaces.
  • the centering can be assisted by axially bracing piston base 111 and piston ring element 112 before joining. Possibly. can be introduced in the piston ring member 112 in a conventional manner, a circumferential cooling channel, as in FIG. 2 indicated by dash-dotted lines.
  • the selection of a suitable joining method depends on the materials of the piston main body 11, 111 and the piston ring element 12, 112 in a manner known to the person skilled in the art: When using soldering results in the selection of a suitable solder from the working temperature of the chosen method.
  • a welding process offer beam-based methods, such as laser beam welding or electron beam welding.
  • other welding methods such as arc-based methods, for example TIG or MAG / MIG methods, can also be used.
  • the use of a joining material may be desirable or even necessary.
  • welding filler If the use of welding filler is required when using a welding process, it makes sense to use the corresponding joining surfaces 27, 28; 136 of the piston ring member 12; 112 and / or 32, 33; 135 of the piston main body 11; 111 on conical surfaces with whole or regionally different angle or to arrange a surface in an arc shape, such that a substantially wedge-shaped parting line is formed (not shown). In a dividing joint formed in this way, the joining material can be taken in particularly easily and effectively. In particular, in a piston 10 with a cooling channel 34 according to FIG.
  • FIG. 3 shows another example of a piston 210 with a piston body 211 and a piston ring member 212.
  • the piston 210 corresponds to the piston 10 according to FIG. 1 because it also has a circumferential cooling channel 234.
  • the piston 210 is characterized in that the piston main body 211 and the piston ring element 212 in the region of the joining surfaces 227, 232 and 228, 233 are provided on the cooling channel side local thickening (237, 238).
  • this piston is characterized in that the joining surfaces 227 and 227 'lie on a common plane, which is designed inclined at an acute angle ⁇ to the piston axis.
  • Fig. 4 shows a further embodiment of the piston according to the invention, in which the joining surface 227 forms an acute angle ⁇ to the piston axis 300, while the inner corresponding joining surface 233 form an acute angle ⁇ with the piston central axis 300.
  • the joining surface 227 ' forms an obtuse angle ⁇ to the piston axis 300 and the corresponding joining surface 227'b forms an acute angle ⁇ with the piston center axis 300, wherein this embodiment of the piston is not a solution according to the invention.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Pistons, Piston Rings, And Cylinders (AREA)

Claims (4)

  1. Piston (10, 110, 210) pour un moteur à combustion interne, avec un corps de base de piston (11, 111, 211) et un segment de piston (12, 112, 212), dans lequel le corps de base de piston (11, 111, 211) comporte au moins une zone interne (14) d'un fond de piston (13), qui forme le fond d'une cavité de chambre de combustion (15), ainsi une tige de piston (16), qui est munie de moyeux d'axe (18) comportant des alésages de moyeu (17), dans lequel le segment de piston (12, 112, 212) comporte au moins une zone externe (21), qui inclut le bord de cavité (25) de la cavité de chambre de combustion (15), d'un fond de piston (13) avec un cordon de feu (22) périphérique et avec une partie annulaire (23) périphérique munie de rainures annulaires (24), dans lequel le corps de base de piston (11, 111, 211) et le segment de piston (12, 112, 212) forment un canal de refroidissement (34) fermé périphérique et sont assemblés par l'intermédiaire de surfaces d'assemblage (28, 33 ; 128, 133, 228, 233 ; 27, 32, 127, 132, 227, 232) coniques, internes et externes, correspondantes, dans lequel les surfaces d'assemblage internes (28, 33 ; 128, 133, 228, 233) forment avec un axe central de piston (100) un angle aigu (a), caractérisé en ce que les surfaces d'assemblage externes (27, 32 ; 127, 132 ; 227, 232) forment avec l'axe central de piston (100) un angle aigu (β) qui est supérieur à l'angle (α).
  2. Piston selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le corps de base de piston (111, 211) et/ou le segment de piston (112, 212) comportent un épaississement local (137, 138 ; 238) dans la zone des extrémités, côté canal de refroidissement, des surfaces d'assemblage (127, 132 ; 128, 133 ; 228, 233).
  3. Piston selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le bord de cavité (25) est en un matériau résistant à l'usure et/ou aux hautes températures.
  4. Piston selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le corps de base de piston (11, 111, 211) est fabriqué en un matériau métallique et le segment de piston (12, 112, 212) est fabriqué en un matériau résistant à l'usure et/ou aux hautes températures.
EP12727232.6A 2011-03-04 2012-03-02 Piston pour un moteur à combustion interne et procédé de fabrication Active EP2681435B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102011013143A DE102011013143A1 (de) 2011-03-04 2011-03-04 Kolben für einen Verbrennungsmotor sowie Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung
PCT/DE2012/000231 WO2012119590A2 (fr) 2011-03-04 2012-03-02 Piston pour un moteur à combustion interne et procédé de fabrication

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2681435A2 EP2681435A2 (fr) 2014-01-08
EP2681435B1 true EP2681435B1 (fr) 2019-05-08

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP12727232.6A Active EP2681435B1 (fr) 2011-03-04 2012-03-02 Piston pour un moteur à combustion interne et procédé de fabrication

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (2) US20120222645A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP2681435B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN103429878B (fr)
DE (1) DE102011013143A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2012119590A2 (fr)

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US8671905B2 (en) * 2011-07-12 2014-03-18 Mahle International Gmbh Piston for an internal combustion engine and method for its production
US20130266818A1 (en) * 2012-04-10 2013-10-10 Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation Article including a weld joint
CN104662277B (zh) * 2012-09-27 2019-06-18 Ks科尔本施密特有限公司 内燃机的两件式结构的活塞
US9243709B2 (en) * 2013-03-14 2016-01-26 Mahle International Gmbh Welded piston assembly
DE102013014344A1 (de) * 2013-03-18 2014-10-02 Mahle International Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Kolbens für einen Verbrennungsmotor und mittels dieses Verfahrens hergestellter Kolben
DE202013102921U1 (de) * 2013-07-03 2014-10-06 Gesenkschmiede Schneider Gmbh Zweiteiliger Kühlkanalkolben
DE102014000253A1 (de) * 2014-01-08 2015-07-09 Mahle International Gmbh Kolben für einen Verbrennungsmotor und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung
US10449621B2 (en) * 2014-05-01 2019-10-22 Mahle International Gmbh Magnetic arc welded piston assembly
DE102014010600A1 (de) 2014-07-18 2016-01-21 DST Defence Service Tracks GmbH Legierung zur Herstellung eines dünnwandigen Stahlbauteils
MX2018004720A (es) * 2015-11-17 2018-07-06 Ks Kolbenschmidt Gmbh Piston para un motor de combustion interna.
DE102017109471A1 (de) 2016-05-04 2017-11-09 Ks Kolbenschmidt Gmbh Kolben
CN108730063B (zh) * 2017-04-14 2021-01-01 强莉莉 一种钢活塞及其成型方法
DE102017211480A1 (de) * 2017-07-05 2019-01-10 Mahle International Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Kolbens
US10704491B2 (en) * 2018-10-11 2020-07-07 Tenneco Inc. Piston cooling gallery shaping to reduce piston temperature
US10926362B2 (en) * 2018-12-13 2021-02-23 Caterpillar Inc. Remanufactured engine piston and method
DE102022102051A1 (de) 2022-01-28 2023-08-03 Ks Kolbenschmidt Gmbh Kolbenrohling, Kolben und Verfahren
CN116441696B (zh) * 2023-06-19 2023-09-15 中国航发成都发动机有限公司 一种航空发动机静子组件真空电子束焊接方法及夹装装置

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EP2603685A1 (fr) * 2010-08-10 2013-06-19 MAHLE International GmbH Piston pour un moteur à combustion interne et procédé de fabrication correspondant

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US9163580B2 (en) 2015-10-20
US20140190443A1 (en) 2014-07-10
CN103429878B (zh) 2017-03-29
DE102011013143A1 (de) 2012-09-06
WO2012119590A2 (fr) 2012-09-13
EP2681435A2 (fr) 2014-01-08
WO2012119590A3 (fr) 2012-11-29
CN103429878A (zh) 2013-12-04
US20120222645A1 (en) 2012-09-06

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