EP2677507B1 - Hazard warning device using radio communication - Google Patents

Hazard warning device using radio communication Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2677507B1
EP2677507B1 EP12172444.7A EP12172444A EP2677507B1 EP 2677507 B1 EP2677507 B1 EP 2677507B1 EP 12172444 A EP12172444 A EP 12172444A EP 2677507 B1 EP2677507 B1 EP 2677507B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
antenna
measuring chamber
warning device
hazard warning
detector
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Application number
EP12172444.7A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2677507A1 (en
Inventor
Christian Honegger
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Siemens Schweiz AG
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Siemens Schweiz AG
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Application filed by Siemens Schweiz AG filed Critical Siemens Schweiz AG
Priority to ES12172444.7T priority Critical patent/ES2666450T3/en
Priority to EP12172444.7A priority patent/EP2677507B1/en
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
    • G08B17/10—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means
    • G08B17/103—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means using a light emitting and receiving device
    • G08B17/107—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means using a light emitting and receiving device for detecting light-scattering due to smoke
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
    • G08B17/10—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means
    • G08B17/11—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means using an ionisation chamber for detecting smoke or gas
    • G08B17/113—Constructional details

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a hazard detector comprising a measuring chamber, a first housing member having an outside on which it is mountable on a support, and an inside, and an antenna for radio transmitting a signal to the outside, wherein the measuring chamber on the inside of the housing member is arranged.
  • Hazard detectors are used to indicate a hazard to human health. Such dangers can be caused for example by pollutants from the ambient air. These can be toxic fumes, but also smoke, for example. In the latter case, the danger detector is just designed as a smoke detector.
  • a detected hazard can be signaled acoustically or visually directly by the hazard detector.
  • a danger signal can also be reported by the hazard detector by radio to external receiving stations. In this case, for example, it is a radio-based smoke detector.
  • the danger and especially smoke detectors are usually mounted on walls or ceilings of a room.
  • the material of the wall or the ceiling can influence the radio emission.
  • Known revenge detectors with radio modules and antennas mounted on them can not guarantee reliable radio emission on every mounting surface.
  • EP 1 612 754 A1 is a danger detector, in particular gas or fire detectors, described with a attachable to a wall or ceiling mountable housing.
  • the housing comprises a hazard detector, an electronic circuit arrangement for the evaluation of Signals of the danger detector, a radio module connected to the electronic circuit arrangement with antenna and a radio module.
  • a metallic protective screen covering the opening is designed as an antenna and connected to the antenna output of the radio module.
  • the object of the present invention is thus to ensure an energy-efficient and safe radio emission to mounting locations made of any materials and in particular on metallic mounting surfaces.
  • a danger detector in particular for reporting smoke with a measuring chamber, a first housing element which has an outer side, on which it can be mounted on a support, and an inner side, wherein the outer side and the inner side are arranged perpendicular to a normal and an antenna for radio-transmitting a signal to the outside, wherein the measuring chamber is arranged on the inside of the first housing element, wherein the antenna is mounted in / on the measuring chamber, the first housing element or a second housing element of the danger detector that a part the measuring chamber is located in a direction of the normal between the outside of the first housing member and at least a part of the antenna.
  • the antenna is designed for the preferred radiation of two or more predetermined frequency bands. This has the advantage that the emissions can occur in several frequency bands and thus the reliability of the message can be improved.
  • the antenna serves a part of the measuring chamber or the entire measuring chamber, with which a hazardous substance can be detected or detected, as a spacer for the antenna of the mounting base or the outside of the housing element of the danger detector.
  • the antenna is thus no longer directly on the (first) housing element mounted, with which the danger detector is attached to a support (eg wall or ceiling). Rather, the antenna is spaced from the mounting base or the carrier at least through the entire measuring chamber or a part of the measuring chamber. This makes radio transmission more energy efficient and safer.
  • the antenna is a PIF antenna.
  • a PIF antenna naturally has a ground connection. This allows electrostatic charges to be dissipated without damaging the electronics connected to the antenna.
  • the antenna can be arranged directly or indirectly on the first housing element, wherein there is no metallic element of the danger detector above the antenna.
  • the radiation of radio signals to the outside or top is substantially unhindered, and it can be guaranteed a more reliable signal transmission.
  • the antenna may be formed as an open antenna ring. If the diameter of the ring is adapted to the inner diameter of the housing of the danger detector, the largest possible antenna volume or antenna area can be used.
  • the antenna can be a stamped and bent part. Such an antenna can be produced very cheaply from sheet metal.
  • the antenna can be attached by means of a snap connection to the measuring chamber.
  • the antenna can be pressed by means of the second housing part to the measuring chamber.
  • a second housing part for example, a detector cap serve, which is attached to the floor or basic body (first housing element). By pressing against the measuring chamber, the antenna is fixed, resulting in a constant antenna characteristic.
  • the antenna may have two or more arms. So it can be used in addition to a monopole antenna and other antennas. In particular, different resonance frequencies for the emission can be achieved by the arms.
  • the measuring chamber can be designed as an optical detection space. With such a detection space and, for example, IR LEDs as light sources, smoke particles can be reliably detected.
  • FIG. 1 shows an example of a hazard detector according to the invention a radio-based smoke detector. He owns a main body 1 and a detector cap 2.
  • the main body 1 represents a first housing element and the detector cap 2 is a second housing element. Both housing elements together form the housing of the smoke detector.
  • FIG. 2 shows the main body 1 of FIG. 1 alone, ie the detector cap 2 is removed from the base body 1.
  • the main body 1 is substantially disc-shaped and has an outer side (in FIG. 2 not visible) and an inner side 3 and a normal on both sides normal. Moreover, in the disc-shaped FIG. 3 returns the detector cap 2 in disassembled state.
  • the detector cap 2 has a circumferential gap 5 through which smoke can penetrate into the interior of the housing.
  • the detector cap is formed here approximately spherical segment.
  • the electronics and sensors of the smoke detector is located.
  • the electronics and sensor technology is designed as a modular detector.
  • a plan view of the detector insert 6 is in FIG. 4 shown.
  • the detector insert 6 has a round detector carrier 7, which can be fastened to the base body 1 or in the detector cap 2.
  • the detector carrier 7 carries on its upper side a measuring chamber 8.
  • the measuring chamber 8 is molded in one piece with the detector carrier 7.
  • optoelectronic components may be located in the interior of the measuring chamber (in FIG. 4 not visible).
  • one or more IR LEDs and an IR receiver are in the measuring chamber 8.
  • smoke particles appear in the measuring chamber, they scatter light from the IR LEDs to the IR detector, causing a corresponding message.
  • the smoke particles can penetrate through smoke inlet openings 10 into the measuring chamber.
  • the measuring chamber 8 is formed in the present example as a flat cylinder or cylinder portion. In the installed in the base body 1 state, the top of the measuring chamber 8 of the inside of the base body 1, d. H. of the first housing element, facing away.
  • an antenna 11 In the example of FIG. 4 is located at the outer edge of the top of the cylindrical measuring chamber 8, an antenna 11.
  • the antenna 11 is configured as an open ring and has a gap 12. It is attached with clips 13 on the measuring chamber 8 and snapped.
  • the antenna ring 11 can be realized, for example, as a simple, cost-effective stamped and bent part with the hooks 13. In addition, it may have an internal web 14 for rotational fixation. In addition, 11 electrical antenna terminals 15 are provided here on the outer circumference of the antenna ring.
  • the antenna ring 11 When mounting the detector cap 2, the antenna ring 11 can be pressed against the measuring chamber 8 uniformly along the circumference of the antenna ring. As a result, the antenna ring is firmly clamped and fixed. This results in a fixed, unchanging and thus reliable antenna characteristic.
  • the in FIG. 4 hatched area 16 above the measuring chamber 8, that are used on the inside of the main body 1 opposite top of the measuring chamber for the antenna. In particular, 16 antenna arms can be provided in this area. This area 16 is therefore particularly well suited because there are no metallic or electronic components 9 underneath. There is only the optical detection space for smoke particles to be detected, which can penetrate into the measuring chamber 8 via the smoke inlet openings 10. In contrast, the space above the optoelectronic components 9 should not be provided for antenna arms for reasons of efficiency.
  • the antenna arms of the antenna ring 11 on both sides of the antenna terminals 15 are here dimensioned so that they can preferably use 434 MHz and 868 MHz ISM frequency bands. If appropriate, further antenna arms are provided for other frequency bands or for the purpose of forming a specific antenna characteristic (for example directivity) in or on the measuring chamber 8. By using at least two independent frequency bands, more reliable data transmission is possible.
  • the antenna is designed as a PIF antenna (Planar Inverter F-Shape).
  • PIF antenna Plant Inverter F-Shape
  • Such Antennas are easy to produce by stripline. They have an antenna surface, which is arranged by a ground plane at a defined distance. The geometry and arrangement of the antenna surface with respect to the mass surface and their distance essentially determine the high-frequency characteristics of the antenna.
  • the F-shape results in a sectional view of the antenna.
  • the large leg of the F forms the antenna surface and the two perpendicular thereto small legs are formed by the antenna connection on the one hand and a ground short circuit. Because of this short to ground, the PIF antenna has significant advantages in electrostatic discharges. In fact, these discharges are not dissipated via electronic components, but directly to ground. The electronic components of the hazard alarm thereby receive a special ESD protection.
  • An essential aspect of the present invention is that the antenna can be clearly seen from the outside or inside of the main body 1, d. H. the first housing element, is spaced in the direction of the normal of the outer or inner side. This results in the greatest possible independence from the material or the electromagnetic characteristic of the carrier on which the danger detector is mounted.
  • the attachment of the antenna 11 to the top of the measuring chamber 8 results in a maximum possible distance from a ground plane, which is realized, for example, by a printed circuit board on the underside of the detector insert (cf. FIG. 6 ). Furthermore, the annular configuration of the antenna results in a maximum antenna area up to the outer edge of the cylindrical measuring chamber or up to the inner side of the detector cap 2.
  • the antenna requires no enlargement of the device or change the external design of the danger detector. Continue to be located There are no other metallic components above the antenna, which could adversely affect the emission characteristics.
  • the entire surface of the circuit board is available as a ground plane for the antenna. This large ground area leads to the greatest possible independence of the antenna characteristic of the material of the carrier of the danger detector. Furthermore, the entire surface of the circuit board is available for mounting components or the radio module.
  • the antenna can also be arranged on the outer circumference of the cylindrical measuring chamber 8.
  • the antenna can also be arranged within the measuring chamber.
  • the antenna could be injected directly into the wall of the measuring chamber. This significantly facilitates the installation of the hazard alarm.
  • the detector hood 2 is shown from the inside.
  • the drawing shows an annular insect screen 17 can be taken from a tissue.
  • the insect screen 17 covers the gap 5.
  • the detector hood 2 has on its inner side 2 an inner ring 18 for clamping and fixing the antenna sheet metal ring 11, as has been shown above.
  • the antenna of the danger detector can also be located, for example, in the area of the insect protection 17 in or on the detector cap 2. Also in this case, it is clearly spaced from the carrier on which the hazard detector is mounted.
  • FIG. 6 shows the underside of the detector insert 6. This is the side which faces the inside 3 of the base body 1 in the mounted state.
  • a circuit board 19 with electronic components.
  • the printed circuit board 19 has a large ground plane 20, which can be used for the PIF antenna.
  • the circuit board 19 has the for a PIF antenna required ground terminal 21 for the antenna and an antenna signal output 22.
  • a radio module 23 for dual ISM frequency band transmission on the circuit board 19 is shown.

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft einen Gefahrenmelder mit einer Messkammer, einem ersten Gehäuseelement, das eine Außenseite, an der es an einem Träger montierbar ist, und eine Innenseite aufweist, und einer Antenne zur Funkübertragung eines Signals nach außen, wobei die Messkammer an der Innenseite des Gehäuseelements angeordnet ist.The present invention relates to a hazard detector comprising a measuring chamber, a first housing member having an outside on which it is mountable on a support, and an inside, and an antenna for radio transmitting a signal to the outside, wherein the measuring chamber on the inside of the housing member is arranged.

Gefahrenmelder dienen dazu, auf eine Gefahr für die menschliche Gesundheit hinzuweisen. Derartige Gefahren können beispielsweise durch Schadstoffe aus der Umgebungsluft hervorgerufen werden. Dabei kann es sich um giftige Dämpfe, aber auch beispielsweise um Rauch handeln. Im letztgenannten Fall ist der Gefahrenmelder eben als Rauchmelder ausgebildet.Hazard detectors are used to indicate a hazard to human health. Such dangers can be caused for example by pollutants from the ambient air. These can be toxic fumes, but also smoke, for example. In the latter case, the danger detector is just designed as a smoke detector.

Eine detektierte Gefährdung kann akustisch oder optisch direkt vom Gefahrenmelder signalisiert werden. Ein Gefahrensignal kann aber auch von dem Gefahrenmelder per Funk an externe Empfangsstellen gemeldet werden. In diesem Fall handelt es sich beispielsweise um einen funkgestützten Rauchmelder.A detected hazard can be signaled acoustically or visually directly by the hazard detector. A danger signal can also be reported by the hazard detector by radio to external receiving stations. In this case, for example, it is a radio-based smoke detector.

Die Gefahren- und insbesondere Rauchmelder werden meist an Wänden oder Decken eines Raums montiert. Das Material der Wand bzw. der Decke kann die Funkabstrahlung beeinflussen. Bekannte Rachmelder mit Funkmodulen und darauf montierten Antennen können nicht auf jedem Montageuntergrund eine zuverlässige Funkabstrahlung gewährleisten.The danger and especially smoke detectors are usually mounted on walls or ceilings of a room. The material of the wall or the ceiling can influence the radio emission. Known revenge detectors with radio modules and antennas mounted on them can not guarantee reliable radio emission on every mounting surface.

In der gattungsgemäßen Druckschrift EP 1 612 754 A1 ist ein Gefahrenmelder, insbesondere Gas- oder Brandmelder, mit einem an einem an einer Wand oder Decke anbringbaren Gehäuse beschrieben. Das Gehäuse umfasst einen Gefahrendetektor, eine elektronische Schaltungsanordnung für die Auswertung der Signale des Gefahrendetektors, ein mit der elektronischen Schaltungsanordnung verbundenes Funkmodul mit Antenne und ein Funkmodul. Ein die Öffnung abdeckendes metallisches Schutzsieb ist als Antenne ausgelegt und mit dem Antennenausgang des Funkmoduls verbunden.In the generic document EP 1 612 754 A1 is a danger detector, in particular gas or fire detectors, described with a attachable to a wall or ceiling mountable housing. The housing comprises a hazard detector, an electronic circuit arrangement for the evaluation of Signals of the danger detector, a radio module connected to the electronic circuit arrangement with antenna and a radio module. A metallic protective screen covering the opening is designed as an antenna and connected to the antenna output of the radio module.

Die Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung besteht somit darin, eine energieeffiziente und sichere Funkabstrahlung auf Montageorten aus beliebigen Materialien und insbesondere auch auf metallischen Befestigungsflächen zu gewährleisten.The object of the present invention is thus to ensure an energy-efficient and safe radio emission to mounting locations made of any materials and in particular on metallic mounting surfaces.

Erfindungsgemäß wird diese Aufgabe gelöst durch einen Gefahrenmelder insbesondere zum Melden von Rauch mit einer Messkammer, einem ersten Gehäuseelement, das eine Außenseite, an der es an einen Träger montierbar ist, und eine Innenseite aufweist, wobei die Außenseite und die Innenseite senkrecht zu einer Normalen angeordnet sind, und einer Antenne zur Funkübertragung eines Signals nach außen, wobei die Messkammer an der Innenseite des ersten Gehäuseelements angeordnet ist, wobei die Antenne so in/an der Messkammer, dem ersten Gehäuseelement oder einem zweiten Gehäuseelement des Gefahrenmelders montiert ist, dass sich ein Teil der Messkammer in einer Richtung der Normalen zwischen der Außenseite des ersten Gehäuseelements und zumindest einem Teil der Antenne befindet.According to the invention, this object is achieved by a danger detector, in particular for reporting smoke with a measuring chamber, a first housing element which has an outer side, on which it can be mounted on a support, and an inner side, wherein the outer side and the inner side are arranged perpendicular to a normal and an antenna for radio-transmitting a signal to the outside, wherein the measuring chamber is arranged on the inside of the first housing element, wherein the antenna is mounted in / on the measuring chamber, the first housing element or a second housing element of the danger detector that a part the measuring chamber is located in a direction of the normal between the outside of the first housing member and at least a part of the antenna.

Die Antenne ist für die bevorzugte Abstrahlung von zwei oder mehr vorbestimmten Frequenzbändern ausgestaltet. Dies hat den Vorteil, dass die Abstrahlungen in mehreren Frequenzbändern erfolgen können und damit die Zuverlässigkeit der Meldung verbessert werden kann.The antenna is designed for the preferred radiation of two or more predetermined frequency bands. This has the advantage that the emissions can occur in several frequency bands and thus the reliability of the message can be improved.

In vorteilhafter Weise dient damit ein Teil der Messkammer oder die ganze Messkammer, mit der ein Gefahrenstoff erfasst bzw. detektiert werden kann, als Abstandshalter für die Antenne von dem Montagegrund bzw. der Außenseite des Gehäuseelements des Gefahrenmelders. Die Antenne ist damit nicht mehr unmittelbar auf das (erste) Gehäuseelement montiert, mit dem der Gefahrenmelder an einem Träger (z. B. Wand oder Decke) befestigt ist. Vielmehr ist die Antenne mindestens durch die gesamte Messkammer oder einen Teil der Messkammer von dem Montagegrund bzw. dem Träger beabstandet. Dadurch wird die Funkabstrahlung energieeffizienter und sicherer.Advantageously, thus serves a part of the measuring chamber or the entire measuring chamber, with which a hazardous substance can be detected or detected, as a spacer for the antenna of the mounting base or the outside of the housing element of the danger detector. The antenna is thus no longer directly on the (first) housing element mounted, with which the danger detector is attached to a support (eg wall or ceiling). Rather, the antenna is spaced from the mounting base or the carrier at least through the entire measuring chamber or a part of the measuring chamber. This makes radio transmission more energy efficient and safer.

Vorzugsweise handelt es sich bei der Antenne um eine PIF-Antenne. Eine derartige PIF-Antenne besitzt naturgemäß einen Masseanschluss. Dadurch können elektrostatische Ladungen abgeleitet werden, ohne die an die Antenne angeschlossene Elektronik zu beschädigen.Preferably, the antenna is a PIF antenna. Such a PIF antenna naturally has a ground connection. This allows electrostatic charges to be dissipated without damaging the electronics connected to the antenna.

In einer Ausgestaltung kann die Antenne direkt oder indirekt auf dem ersten Gehäuseelement angeordnet sein, wobei sich oberhalb der Antenne kein metallisches Element des Gefahrenmelders befindet. Damit ist die Abstrahlung von Funksignalen nach außen bzw. oben im Wesentlichen ungehindert, und es kann eine zuverlässigere Signalübertragung gewährleistet werden.In one embodiment, the antenna can be arranged directly or indirectly on the first housing element, wherein there is no metallic element of the danger detector above the antenna. Thus, the radiation of radio signals to the outside or top is substantially unhindered, and it can be guaranteed a more reliable signal transmission.

Speziell kann die Antenne als offener Antennenring ausgebildet sein. Wenn der Durchmesser des Rings an den Innendurchmesser des Gehäuses des Gefahrenmelders angepasst ist, kann ein größtmögliches Antennenvolumen bzw. eine größtmögliche Antennenfläche genutzt werden.Specifically, the antenna may be formed as an open antenna ring. If the diameter of the ring is adapted to the inner diameter of the housing of the danger detector, the largest possible antenna volume or antenna area can be used.

Die Antenne kann ein Stanz- und Biegeteil sein. Eine solche Antenne lässt sich sehr kostengünstig aus Blech herstellen.The antenna can be a stamped and bent part. Such an antenna can be produced very cheaply from sheet metal.

Darüber hinaus kann die Antenne mittels einer Schnappverbindung an der Messkammer befestigt sein. Dadurch ist zum einen der Montageaufwand gering und zum anderen muss kein separater Träger für die Antenne vorgesehen werden.In addition, the antenna can be attached by means of a snap connection to the measuring chamber. As a result, on the one hand the installation effort is low and on the other hand, no separate support for the antenna must be provided.

In einer weiteren Ausgestaltung kann die Antenne mittels des zweiten Gehäuseteils an die Messkammer gepresst sein. Als zweites Gehäuseteil kann beispielsweise eine Melderkappe dienen, die an dem Boden bzw. Grundkörper (erstes Gehäuseelement) befestigt wird. Durch das Anpressen an die Messkammer ist die Antenne fixiert, wodurch sich eine konstante Antennencharakteristik ergibt.In a further embodiment, the antenna can be pressed by means of the second housing part to the measuring chamber. As a second housing part, for example, a detector cap serve, which is attached to the floor or basic body (first housing element). By pressing against the measuring chamber, the antenna is fixed, resulting in a constant antenna characteristic.

Weiterhin kann die Antenne zwei oder mehr Arme aufweisen. Es können also neben einer Monopolantenne auch andere Antennen verwendet werden. Insbesondere lassen sich durch die Arme verschiedene Resonanzfrequenzen für die Abstrahlung erreichen.Furthermore, the antenna may have two or more arms. So it can be used in addition to a monopole antenna and other antennas. In particular, different resonance frequencies for the emission can be achieved by the arms.

Die Messkammer kann als optischer Detektionsraum ausgebildet sein. Mit einem derartigen Detektionsraum und beispielsweise IR-LEDs als Lichtquellen lassen sich zuverlässig Rauchpartikel detektieren.The measuring chamber can be designed as an optical detection space. With such a detection space and, for example, IR LEDs as light sources, smoke particles can be reliably detected.

Die vorliegende Erfindung wird nun anhand der beigefügten Zeichnungen näher erläutert, in denen zeigen:

FIG 1
eine Außenansicht eines Funkrauchmelders;
FIG 2
einen Grundkörper des Rauchmelders;
FIG 3
eine Melderkappe;
FIG 4
eine Draufsicht auf einen Meldereinsatz;
FIG 5
die Innenseite einer Melderhaube;
FIG 6
die Unterseite des Meldereinsatzes von FIG 4.
The present invention will now be explained in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1
an external view of a radio smoke detector;
FIG. 2
a main body of the smoke detector;
FIG. 3
a detector cap;
FIG. 4
a plan view of a detector insert;
FIG. 5
the inside of a detector hood;
FIG. 6
the underside of the detector insert of FIG. 4 ,

Die nachfolgend näher geschilderten Ausführungsbeispiele stellen bevorzugte Ausführungsformen der vorliegenden Erfindung dar.The embodiments described in more detail below represent preferred embodiments of the present invention.

FIG 1 zeigt als Beispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Gefahrenmelders einen funkgestützten Rauchmelder. Er besitzt einen Grundkörper 1 und eine Melderkappe 2. Der Grundkörper 1 stellt ein erstes Gehäuseelement und die Melderkappe 2 ein zweites Gehäuseelement dar. Beide Gehäuseelemente zusammen bilden hier das Gehäuse des Rauchmelders. FIG. 1 shows an example of a hazard detector according to the invention a radio-based smoke detector. He owns a main body 1 and a detector cap 2. The main body 1 represents a first housing element and the detector cap 2 is a second housing element. Both housing elements together form the housing of the smoke detector.

FIG 2 zeigt den Grundkörper 1 von FIG 1 alleine, d. h. die Melderkappe 2 ist vom Grundkörper 1 abgenommen. Der Grundkörper 1 ist im Wesentlichen scheibenförmig ausgebildet und besitzt eine Außenseite (in FIG 2 nicht sichtbar) und eine Innenseite 3 sowie eine auf beiden Seiten senkrecht stehende Normale. Außerdem sind in dem scheibenförmigen FIG 3 gibt die Melderkappe 2 im demontiertem Zustand wieder. Die Melderkappe 2 besitzt einen umlaufenden Spalt 5, durch den Rauch in das Gehäuseinnere dringen kann. Die Melderkappe ist hier in etwa kugelsegmentförmig ausgebildet. FIG. 2 shows the main body 1 of FIG. 1 alone, ie the detector cap 2 is removed from the base body 1. The main body 1 is substantially disc-shaped and has an outer side (in FIG. 2 not visible) and an inner side 3 and a normal on both sides normal. Moreover, in the disc-shaped FIG. 3 returns the detector cap 2 in disassembled state. The detector cap 2 has a circumferential gap 5 through which smoke can penetrate into the interior of the housing. The detector cap is formed here approximately spherical segment.

In dem durch die Gehäuseelemente 1 und 2 gebildete Gehäuse befindet sich die Elektronik und Sensorik des Rauchmelders. Im vorliegenden Beispiel ist die Elektronik und Sensorik modular als Meldereinsatz konzipiert. Eine Draufsicht auf den Meldereinsatz 6 ist in FIG 4 dargestellt. Der Meldereinsatz 6 weist im vorliegenden Beispiel einen runden Melderträger 7 auf, der an dem Grundkörper 1 oder in der Melderkappe 2 befestigt werden kann. Der Melderträger 7 trägt auf seiner Oberseite eine Messkammer 8. Gegebenenfalls ist die Messkammer 8 einteilig mit dem Melderträger 7 gespritzt.In the housing formed by the housing elements 1 and 2, the electronics and sensors of the smoke detector is located. In the present example, the electronics and sensor technology is designed as a modular detector. A plan view of the detector insert 6 is in FIG. 4 shown. In the present example, the detector insert 6 has a round detector carrier 7, which can be fastened to the base body 1 or in the detector cap 2. The detector carrier 7 carries on its upper side a measuring chamber 8. Optionally, the measuring chamber 8 is molded in one piece with the detector carrier 7.

An den in FIG 4 mit dem Bezugszeichen 9 gekennzeichneten Stellen können sich im Inneren der Messkammer 8 optoelektronische Bauelemente befinden (in FIG 4 nicht sichtbar). Beispielsweise befinden sich eine oder mehrere IR-LEDs und ein IR-Empfänger in der Messkammer 8. Sobald Rauchpartikel in der Messkammer auftauchen, streuen sie Licht von den IR-LEDs zu dem IR-Detektor, wodurch eine entsprechende Meldung ausgelöst wird. Die Rauchpartikel können durch Raucheinlassöffungen 10 in die Messkammer eindringen.To the in FIG. 4 Marked by the reference numeral 9 optoelectronic components may be located in the interior of the measuring chamber (in FIG. 4 not visible). For example, one or more IR LEDs and an IR receiver are in the measuring chamber 8. As smoke particles appear in the measuring chamber, they scatter light from the IR LEDs to the IR detector, causing a corresponding message. The smoke particles can penetrate through smoke inlet openings 10 into the measuring chamber.

Die Messkammer 8 ist im vorliegenden Beispiel wie ein flacher Zylinder oder Zylinderabschnitt ausgebildet. In dem in den Grundkörper 1 eingebauten Zustand ist die Oberseite der Messkammer 8 der Innenseite des Grundkörpers 1, d. h. des ersten Gehäuseelements, abgewandt.The measuring chamber 8 is formed in the present example as a flat cylinder or cylinder portion. In the installed in the base body 1 state, the top of the measuring chamber 8 of the inside of the base body 1, d. H. of the first housing element, facing away.

In dem Beispiel von FIG 4 befindet sich am äußeren Rand der Oberseite der zylinderförmigen Messkammer 8 eine Antenne 11. Die Antenne 11 ist wie ein offener Ring ausgestaltet und besitzt einen Spalt 12. Sie ist mit Klammern 13 auf die Messkammer 8 aufgesteckt bzw. aufgeschnappt.In the example of FIG. 4 is located at the outer edge of the top of the cylindrical measuring chamber 8, an antenna 11. The antenna 11 is configured as an open ring and has a gap 12. It is attached with clips 13 on the measuring chamber 8 and snapped.

Der Antennenring 11 lässt sich beispielsweise als einfaches, kostengünstiges Stanz- und Biegeteil mit den Haken 13 realisieren. Außerdem kann er einen innen liegenden Steg 14 zur Drehfixierung aufweisen. Darüber hinaus sind hier am Außenumfang des Antennenrings 11 elektrische Antennenanschlüsse 15 vorgesehen.The antenna ring 11 can be realized, for example, as a simple, cost-effective stamped and bent part with the hooks 13. In addition, it may have an internal web 14 for rotational fixation. In addition, 11 electrical antenna terminals 15 are provided here on the outer circumference of the antenna ring.

Der Antennenring 11 kann beim Aufsetzen der Melderkappe 2 durch diese gleichmäßig entlang des Antennringumfangs gegen die Messkammer 8 gepresst werden. Dadurch wird der Antennenring fest eingespannt und fixiert. Damit ergibt sich eine feste, unveränderliche und somit zuverlässige Antennencharakteristik. Zusätzlich oder alternativ kann auch der in FIG 4 schraffierte Bereich 16 oberhalb der Messkammer 8, d. h. an der der Innenseite des Grundkörper 1 gegenüberliegenden Oberseite der Messkammer für die Antenne verwendet werden. Insbesondere können in diesem Bereich 16 Antennenarme vorgesehen werden. Dieser Bereich 16 ist deswegen besonders gut geeignet, da darunterliegend keine metallischen oder elektronischen Bauelemente 9 vorhanden sind. Dort befindet sich lediglich der optische Detektionsraum für zu detektierende Rauchpartikel, die über die Raucheinlassöffnungen 10 in die Messkammer 8 eindringen können. Dagegen sollte der Raum oberhalb der optoelektronischen Bauelemente 9 aus Effizienzgründen nicht für Antennenarme vorgesehen werden.When mounting the detector cap 2, the antenna ring 11 can be pressed against the measuring chamber 8 uniformly along the circumference of the antenna ring. As a result, the antenna ring is firmly clamped and fixed. This results in a fixed, unchanging and thus reliable antenna characteristic. Additionally or alternatively, the in FIG. 4 hatched area 16 above the measuring chamber 8, that are used on the inside of the main body 1 opposite top of the measuring chamber for the antenna. In particular, 16 antenna arms can be provided in this area. This area 16 is therefore particularly well suited because there are no metallic or electronic components 9 underneath. There is only the optical detection space for smoke particles to be detected, which can penetrate into the measuring chamber 8 via the smoke inlet openings 10. In contrast, the space above the optoelectronic components 9 should not be provided for antenna arms for reasons of efficiency.

Die Antennearme des Antennerings 11 auf beiden Seiten der Antennenanschlüsse 15 sind hier so bemessen, dass sie vorzugsweise ISM-Frenquenzbänder 434 MHz und 868 MHz nutzen können. Gegebenenfalls sind auch weitere Antennenarme für andere Frequenzbänder oder zur Ausbildung einer speziellen Antennencharakteristik (z. B. Richtwirkung) in oder auf der Messkammer 8 vorgesehen. Durch die Verwendung von mindestens zwei unabhängigen Frequenzbändern ist eine zuverlässigere Datenübertragung möglich.The antenna arms of the antenna ring 11 on both sides of the antenna terminals 15 are here dimensioned so that they can preferably use 434 MHz and 868 MHz ISM frequency bands. If appropriate, further antenna arms are provided for other frequency bands or for the purpose of forming a specific antenna characteristic (for example directivity) in or on the measuring chamber 8. By using at least two independent frequency bands, more reliable data transmission is possible.

In einem bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiel ist die Antenne als PIF-Antenne (Planar Inverter F-Shape) ausgebildet. Derartige Antennen sind leicht durch Streifenleiter herzustellen. Sie besitzen eine Antennenfläche, die von einer Massefläche in einem definierten Abstand angeordnet ist. Die Geometrie und Anordnung der Antennenfläche gegenüber der Massenfläche sowie deren Abstand bestimmen im Wesentlich die Hochfrequenzeigenschaften der Antenne. Die F-Form ergibt sich in einer Schnittdarstellung der Antenne. Den großen Schenkel des F bildet die Antennenfläche und die beiden senkrecht dazu stehenden kleinen Schenkel werden durch den Antennenanschluss einerseits und einen Massekurzschluss gebildet. Wegen dieses Masseschlusses besitzt die PIF-Antenne deutliche Vorteile bei elektrostatischen Entladungen. Diese Entladungen werden nämlich dadurch nicht über elektronische Bauelemente abgeleitet, sondern unmittelbar auf Masse. Die elektronischen Komponenten des Gefahrenmelders erhalten dadurch einen besonderen ESD-Schutz.In a preferred embodiment, the antenna is designed as a PIF antenna (Planar Inverter F-Shape). such Antennas are easy to produce by stripline. They have an antenna surface, which is arranged by a ground plane at a defined distance. The geometry and arrangement of the antenna surface with respect to the mass surface and their distance essentially determine the high-frequency characteristics of the antenna. The F-shape results in a sectional view of the antenna. The large leg of the F forms the antenna surface and the two perpendicular thereto small legs are formed by the antenna connection on the one hand and a ground short circuit. Because of this short to ground, the PIF antenna has significant advantages in electrostatic discharges. In fact, these discharges are not dissipated via electronic components, but directly to ground. The electronic components of the hazard alarm thereby receive a special ESD protection.

Wesentlicher Aspekt der vorliegenden Erfindung ist, dass die Antenne deutlich von der Außenseite bzw. Innenseite des Grundkörpers 1, d. h. dem ersten Gehäuseelement, beabstandet ist in Richtung der Normalen der Außen- bzw. Innenseite. Dadurch ergibt sich eine möglichst große Unabhängigkeit von dem Material bzw. der elektromagnetischen Charakteristik des Trägers, auf dem der Gefahrenmelder montiert ist.An essential aspect of the present invention is that the antenna can be clearly seen from the outside or inside of the main body 1, d. H. the first housing element, is spaced in the direction of the normal of the outer or inner side. This results in the greatest possible independence from the material or the electromagnetic characteristic of the carrier on which the danger detector is mounted.

In dem oben erwähnten Ausführungsbeispiel ergibt sich durch die Anbringung der Antenne 11 an der Oberseite der Messkammer 8 ein maximal möglicher Abstand von einer Massefläche, die beispielsweise durch eine Leiterplatte an der Unterseite des Meldereinsatzes realisiert ist (vergleiche FIG 6). Ferner ergibt sich durch die ringförmige Ausgestaltung der Antenne bis zur Aussenkante der zylindrischen Messkammer bzw. bis zur Innenseite der Melderkappe 2 eine maximale Antennenfläche.In the embodiment mentioned above, the attachment of the antenna 11 to the top of the measuring chamber 8 results in a maximum possible distance from a ground plane, which is realized, for example, by a printed circuit board on the underside of the detector insert (cf. FIG. 6 ). Furthermore, the annular configuration of the antenna results in a maximum antenna area up to the outer edge of the cylindrical measuring chamber or up to the inner side of the detector cap 2.

Obwohl durch diese Montageart die bestmöglichen Voraussetzungen für gute Antenneneigenschaften geschaffen sind, bedingt die Antenne keine Vergrößerung des Geräts oder Veränderung der äußeren Gestaltung des Gefahrenmelders. Weiterhin befinden sich oberhalb der Antenne keine weiteren metallischen Komponenten, welche die Abstrahlcharakteristik negativ beeinflussen könnten.Although the best possible conditions for good antenna properties are created by this type of mounting, the antenna requires no enlargement of the device or change the external design of the danger detector. Continue to be located There are no other metallic components above the antenna, which could adversely affect the emission characteristics.

Durch die Anbringung der Antenne an der Oberseite der Messkammer steht die gesamte Fläche der Leiterplatte als Massefläche für die Antenne zur Verfügung. Diese große Massefläche führt zu einer größtmöglichen Unabhängigkeit der Antennencharakteristik vom Material des Trägers des Gefahrenmelders. Weiter steht die gesamte Fläche der Leiterplatte für die Montage von Komponenten oder dem Funkmodul zur Verfügung.By attaching the antenna to the top of the measuring chamber, the entire surface of the circuit board is available as a ground plane for the antenna. This large ground area leads to the greatest possible independence of the antenna characteristic of the material of the carrier of the danger detector. Furthermore, the entire surface of the circuit board is available for mounting components or the radio module.

Alternativ zu dem Ausführungsbeispiel von FIG 4 kann die Antenne auch beispielsweise am Außenumfang der zylindrischen Messkammer 8 angeordnet sein. Darüber hinaus kann die Antenne auch innerhalb der Messkammer angeordnet sein. So könnte beispielsweise die Antenne unmittelbar in die Wand der Messkammer eingespritzt sein. Dies erleichtert die Montage des Gefahrenmelders deutlich.Alternative to the embodiment of FIG. 4 For example, the antenna can also be arranged on the outer circumference of the cylindrical measuring chamber 8. In addition, the antenna can also be arranged within the measuring chamber. For example, the antenna could be injected directly into the wall of the measuring chamber. This significantly facilitates the installation of the hazard alarm.

In FIG 5 ist die Melderhaube 2 von der Innenseite gezeigt. Der Zeichnung ist ein ringförmiger Insektenschutz 17 aus einem Gewebe zu entnehmen. Der Insektenschutz 17 deckt den Spalt 5 ab. Außerdem besitzt die Melderhaube 2 an ihrer Innenseite 2 einen Innenring 18 zum Einspannen und Fixieren des Antennenblechrings 11, wie dies oben dargestellt wurde. Die Antenne des Gefahrenmelders kann sich beispielsweise auch im Bereich des Insektenschutzes 17 in oder an der Melderkappe 2 befinden. Auch in diesem Fall ist sie deutlich von dem Träger beabstandet, auf den der Gefahrenmelder montiert ist.In FIG. 5 the detector hood 2 is shown from the inside. The drawing shows an annular insect screen 17 can be taken from a tissue. The insect screen 17 covers the gap 5. In addition, the detector hood 2 has on its inner side 2 an inner ring 18 for clamping and fixing the antenna sheet metal ring 11, as has been shown above. The antenna of the danger detector can also be located, for example, in the area of the insect protection 17 in or on the detector cap 2. Also in this case, it is clearly spaced from the carrier on which the hazard detector is mounted.

FIG 6 zeigt die Unterseite des Meldereinsatzes 6. Dies ist diejenige Seite, die der Innenseite 3 des Grundkörpers 1 im montierten Zustand zugewandt ist. An dieser Unterseite befindet sich hier eine Leiterplatte 19 mit elektronischen Bauelementen. Insbesondere besitzt die Leiterplatte 19 eine große Massefläche 20, die für die PIF-Antenne genutzt werden kann. Außerdem besitzt die Leiterplatte 19 den für eine PIF-Antenne notwendigen Masseanschluss 21 für die Antenne sowie einen Antennensignalausgang 22. Ferner ist in FIG 6 eine Funkbaugruppe 23 für Dual-ISM-Frequenzbandübertragung auf der Leiterplatte 19 dargestellt. FIG. 6 shows the underside of the detector insert 6. This is the side which faces the inside 3 of the base body 1 in the mounted state. At this bottom there is a circuit board 19 with electronic components. In particular, the printed circuit board 19 has a large ground plane 20, which can be used for the PIF antenna. In addition, the circuit board 19 has the for a PIF antenna required ground terminal 21 for the antenna and an antenna signal output 22. Further, in FIG. 6 a radio module 23 for dual ISM frequency band transmission on the circuit board 19 is shown.

Claims (9)

  1. Hazard warning device for detecting smoke or vapours that are toxic to humans, having
    - a measuring chamber (8),
    - a first housing element (1) which has an outer side on which it can be mounted onto a support, and an inner side, wherein the outer side and the inner side are arranged perpendicular to a normal, and
    - an antenna (11) for radio transmission of a signal to the outside, wherein
    - the measuring chamber (8) is arranged on the inside of the first housing element (1), and wherein
    - the antenna (11) is mounted in/on the measuring chamber (8), the first housing element (1) or a second housing element (2) of the hazard warning device, such that a part of the measuring chamber is located in a direction of the normal between the outer side of the first housing element (1) and at least a part of the antenna (11),
    characterised in that
    - the antenna (8) is configured for the preferred emission of two predetermined frequency bands.
  2. Hazard warning device according to claim 1, wherein the antenna (11) is a PIF antenna.
  3. Hazard warning device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the antenna (11) is arranged directly or indirectly on the first housing element (1), and no metallic element of the hazard warning device is located above the antenna.
  4. Hazard warning device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the antenna (11) is designed as an open ring antenna.
  5. Hazard warning device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the antenna (11) is designed as a punched and bent part.
  6. Hazard warning device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the antenna (11) is fastened to the measuring chamber by means of a snap connection.
  7. Hazard warning device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the antenna (11) is pressed onto the measuring chamber by means of the second housing part (2).
  8. Hazard warning device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the antenna (11) has two or more arms.
  9. Hazard warning device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the measuring chamber (8) is designed as an optical detection space.
EP12172444.7A 2012-06-18 2012-06-18 Hazard warning device using radio communication Active EP2677507B1 (en)

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ES12172444.7T ES2666450T3 (en) 2012-06-18 2012-06-18 Danger warning device that uses radiocommunications
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