EP2677244A2 - Humidifier - Google Patents

Humidifier Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2677244A2
EP2677244A2 EP13169707.0A EP13169707A EP2677244A2 EP 2677244 A2 EP2677244 A2 EP 2677244A2 EP 13169707 A EP13169707 A EP 13169707A EP 2677244 A2 EP2677244 A2 EP 2677244A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
heat exchanger
heat
water
water reservoir
humidifier
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Granted
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EP13169707.0A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2677244A3 (en
EP2677244B1 (en
Inventor
Klaus Gschiel
Hermann Gautsch
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Publication of EP2677244A3 publication Critical patent/EP2677244A3/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B30/00—Heat pumps
    • F25B30/02—Heat pumps of the compression type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F3/00—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems
    • F24F3/12—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling
    • F24F3/14—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling by humidification; by dehumidification
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F6/00—Air-humidification, e.g. cooling by humidification
    • F24F6/18—Air-humidification, e.g. cooling by humidification by injection of steam into the air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B7/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with cascade operation, i.e. with two or more circuits, the heat from the condenser of one circuit being absorbed by the evaporator of the next circuit

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a humidifier with a water reservoir and arranged in the water tank heat exchanger, which is connected on the secondary side to the water reservoir.
  • humidifiers which are designed as evaporators, evaporators or atomizers.
  • evaporators evaporators
  • atomizers evaporators
  • evaporators evaporators
  • atomizers evaporators, atomizers
  • any bacteria in the water are killed by heating the water.
  • fuel firing systems are used, which, however, require a relatively high design effort.
  • electrical heating elements are used, but in comparison with fuel firing due to the expensive energy carrier are economically unprofitable.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object, a humidifier in such a way that the associated with a fuel firing design effort and at the same time an economically favorable operation can be ensured.
  • the invention solves the problem by the fact that the heat exchanger is integrated on the primary side as a capacitor in the refrigerant circuit of a heat pump and the secondary side connected to a steam distribution line.
  • existing heat sources such as waste heat or exhaust air from industrial plants, can be used, wherein the refrigerant of the heat pump is heated via the evaporator in heat exchange with the heat source and compressed by means of a compressor with additional heating before the heated refrigerant absorbed heat energy via the heat exchanger surfaces of a heat exchanger to the water to be evaporated.
  • the primary side of the heat exchanger forms the condenser of the refrigerant circuit of the heat pump, while the secondary side is acted upon by the water from the water reservoir.
  • the heat pump be designed in several stages.
  • a plurality of refrigerant circuits with increasing temperature level can be connected in series, wherein the condenser of the one refrigerant circuit serves as a heat source for the evaporator of the subsequent refrigerant circuit.
  • heat transfer in the heat exchanger results in particularly advantageous conditions when the heat exchanger is designed as a plate heat exchanger, coaxial heat exchanger or tube bundle heat exchanger.
  • the water reservoir can have a level control, with fresh water being supplied as a function of the water level in the water reservoir.
  • an evaporator 1 takes a circulated refrigerant thermal energy of a heat source, not shown, for example, the environment, and is supplied to a compressor 2, which is the refrigerant compressed to a higher pressure level and additionally heated.
  • a heat exchanger 3 condenser condenses the refrigerant with heat release.
  • the heat exchanger 3 Since the heat exchanger 3 is arranged within a water reservoir 4, water can flow from the water reservoir 4 into the secondary-side inlet 5 of the heat exchanger 3 and is heated by the heat energy of the refrigerant discharged via the heat exchanger surfaces. If a sufficient heat input is achieved, the water evaporates within the heat exchanger 3 and can be supplied to the humidified air flow via a secondary flow of the heat exchanger 3 connected steam distribution line 6 by means not shown in detail, such as blowers or steam lances. At the same time, water from the water reservoir 4 flows into the inlet 5 in accordance with the quantity of steam taken off and is likewise heated.
  • the condensed refrigerant is finally expanded via a throttle 7 and fed to the evaporator 1 in a conventional manner, in turn there to absorb the thermal energy of the heat source.
  • a heat exchanger 8 is arranged, which acts on the primary side as a condenser for the refrigerant circuit K 1 and on the secondary side as an evaporator for the refrigerant circuit K 2nd
  • the water reservoir 4 has a filling valve 9 for fresh water, which is controlled via a control device 10 as a function of the measured value of a water tank 4 associated level sensor 11.
  • a drain valve 12 is provided for emptying the water reservoir and for rapidly reducing the vapor pressure.

Abstract

The humidifier has a heat exchanger (3) that is arranged inside the water reservoir (4). The heat exchanger is arranged on the primary side as a condenser in the refrigerant circuit of a heat pump while the secondary side is connected to a vapor distribution pipe (6). The heat exchanger is formed of the heat pump as a plate heat exchanger or tubular heat exchanger coaxial heat. The water reservoir is provided with steel level control.

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf einen Luftbefeuchter mit einem Wasservorratsbehälter und einem im Wasservorratsbehälter angeordneten Wärmetauscher, der sekundärseitig an den Wasservorratsbehälter angeschlossen ist.The invention relates to a humidifier with a water reservoir and arranged in the water tank heat exchanger, which is connected on the secondary side to the water reservoir.

Zur Regulierung der Feuchtigkeit von Luftströmen insbesondere für zentrale Klimatisierungsanlagen von Gebäuden werden üblicherweise Luftbefeuchter eingesetzt, die als Verdampfer, Verdunster oder auch Zerstäuber ausgebildet sind. Gegenüber den letzten beiden Bauarten bieten Verdampfer sowohl eine höhere Befeuchtungsleistung als auch bessere hygienische Eigenschaften, da etwaige im Wasser befindliche Keime beim Erhitzen des Wassers abgetötet werden. Zum Erwärmen des zu verdampfenden Wassers werden beispielsweise Brennstoffbefeuerungen eingesetzt, die jedoch einen verhältnismäßig hohen konstruktiven Aufwand erfordern. Um diesen Nachteil zu vermeiden, werden zunehmend elektrische Heizelemente eingesetzt, die aber im Vergleich mit Brennstoffbefeuerungen aufgrund des teuren Energieträgers wirtschaftlich unrentabel sind.To regulate the humidity of air streams, especially for central air conditioning systems of buildings usually humidifiers are used, which are designed as evaporators, evaporators or atomizers. Compared to the last two types of evaporators offer both a higher humidification performance and better hygienic properties, since any bacteria in the water are killed by heating the water. For heating the water to be evaporated, for example, fuel firing systems are used, which, however, require a relatively high design effort. To avoid this disadvantage, more and more electrical heating elements are used, but in comparison with fuel firing due to the expensive energy carrier are economically unprofitable.

Es wurde bereits vorgeschlagen ( AT 501 207 A1 ), in einem Wasservorratsbehälter einen Wärmetauscher vorzusehen, der primärseitig von einem Wärmeträger durchflutet wird. Darüber hinaus ist es bekannt ( JP 07-294058 A ), die Abwärme eines Kühlwassers zum Vorwärmen von zu verdampfendem Wasser einzusetzen, und zwar mit Hilfe einer Wärmepumpe zwischen dem Kühlwasser und dem für die Dampferzeugung vorzuwärmenden Wasser. Die Verdampfungswärme wird über eine gesonderte Heizeinrichtung zugeführt, die elektrisch oder mit Hilfe eines Heizgases betrieben wird. Die für die Verdampfung des Wassers über eine Brennstoffbefeuerung zuzuführende Wärmeenergie kann somit zwar verringert werden, ein Verzicht auf eine solche Brennstoffbefeuerung ist aber nicht möglich.It has already been proposed ( AT 501 207 A1 ), to provide a heat exchanger in a water reservoir, which is flooded on the primary side by a heat transfer medium. In addition, it is known ( JP 07-294058 A ) to use the waste heat of a cooling water for preheating water to be evaporated, with the aid of a heat pump between the cooling water and the water to be preheated for steam generation. The heat of vaporization is supplied via a separate heating device which is operated electrically or with the aid of a hot gas. The for the evaporation Although the water to be supplied via a fuel firing heat energy can thus be reduced, a waiver of such fuel firing is not possible.

Der Erfindung liegt somit die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Luftbefeuchter so auszugestalten, dass der mit einer Brennstoffbefeuerung verbundene konstruktive Aufwand vermieden und gleichzeitig ein wirtschaftlich günstiger Betrieb sichergestellt werden kann.The invention is therefore based on the object, a humidifier in such a way that the associated with a fuel firing design effort and at the same time an economically favorable operation can be ensured.

Ausgehend von einem Luftbefeuchter der eingangs geschilderten Art löst die Erfindung die gestellte Aufgabe dadurch, dass der Wärmetauscher primärseitig als Kondensator in den Kältemittelkreis einer Wärmepumpe eingebunden und sekundärseitig an eine Dampfverteilerleitung angeschlossen ist.Starting from a humidifier of the type described, the invention solves the problem by the fact that the heat exchanger is integrated on the primary side as a capacitor in the refrigerant circuit of a heat pump and the secondary side connected to a steam distribution line.

Zufolge dieser Maßnahme können vorhandene Wärmquellen, wie beispielsweise Abwärme oder Fortluft von industriellen Anlagen, genutzt werden, wobei das Kältemittel der Wärmepumpe über deren Verdampfer im Wärmeaustausch mit der Wärmequelle erwärmt und mittels eines Kompressors unter zusätzlicher Erwärmung verdichtet wird, bevor das erwärmte Kältemittel die aufgenommene Wärmeenergie über die Wärmetauscherflächen eines Wärmetauschers an das zu verdampfende Wasser abgibt. Die Primärseite des Wärmetauschers bildet dabei den Kondensator des Kältemittelkreises der Wärmepumpe, während die Sekundärseite mit dem Wasser aus dem Wasservorratsbehälter beaufschlagt wird. Es wird folglich für die Dampferzeugung nicht das gesamte Wasser im Wasservorratsbehälter, sondern lediglich ein durch den Wärmetauscher strömender Anteil erhitzt, um den entstehenden Dampf über eine Dampfverteilerleitung abzuziehen, über die beispielsweise im Strömungsweg der zu befeuchtenden Luft angeordnete Gebläse oder Dampflanzen gespeist werden können. Da der Wärmetauscher innerhalb des Wasservorratsbehälters vollständig von Wasser umspült wird, kann die dem Wärmetauscher über das Kältemittel zugeführte Wärmeenergie gut genützt werden, weil sonst auftretende Verlustwärme zur Vorwärmung des Wassers im Wasservorratsbehälter dient. Da für die Verdichtung des Kältemittels nur ein Bruchteil der für ein leistungsgleiches elektrisches Heizelement erforderlichen elektrischen Energie aufgewendet werden muss, ermöglicht der Erfindungsgegenstand einen wesentlich wirtschaftlicheren Betrieb des Luftbefeuchters.According to this measure, existing heat sources, such as waste heat or exhaust air from industrial plants, can be used, wherein the refrigerant of the heat pump is heated via the evaporator in heat exchange with the heat source and compressed by means of a compressor with additional heating before the heated refrigerant absorbed heat energy via the heat exchanger surfaces of a heat exchanger to the water to be evaporated. The primary side of the heat exchanger forms the condenser of the refrigerant circuit of the heat pump, while the secondary side is acted upon by the water from the water reservoir. Consequently, not all of the water in the water reservoir, but only a portion flowing through the heat exchanger, is heated for steam generation in order to extract the resulting vapor via a steam distribution line via which, for example, blowers or steam lances arranged in the flow path of the air to be humidified can be fed. Since the heat exchanger is completely surrounded by water within the water reservoir, the heat energy supplied to the heat exchanger via the refrigerant can be used well because otherwise occurring heat loss for preheating the water in the water reservoir is used. As for the compression of the refrigerant only a fraction of the same for a performance electrical heating element required electrical energy must be spent, the subject invention allows a much more economical operation of the humidifier.

Stehen lediglich Wärmequellen mit einem vergleichsweise niedrigen Temperaturniveau zur Verfügung, empfiehlt es sich, die Wärmepumpe mehrstufig auszubilden. Zu diesem Zweck können mehrere Kältemittelkreise mit ansteigendem Temperaturniveau hintereinander geschaltet werden, wobei der Kondensator des einen Kältemittelkreises als Wärmequelle für den Verdampfer des nachfolgenden Kältemittelkreises dient.If only heat sources with a comparatively low temperature level are available, it is recommended that the heat pump be designed in several stages. For this purpose, a plurality of refrigerant circuits with increasing temperature level can be connected in series, wherein the condenser of the one refrigerant circuit serves as a heat source for the evaporator of the subsequent refrigerant circuit.

Hinsichtlich der Forderung nach einer vergleichsweise großen Wärmetauscherfläche ergeben sich für die Wärmeübertragung im Wärmetauscher besonders vorteilhafte Bedingungen, wenn der Wärmetauscher als Plattenwärmetauscher, Koaxialwärmetauscher oder Rohrbündelwärmetauscher ausgebildet ist.With regard to the requirement for a comparatively large heat exchanger surface, heat transfer in the heat exchanger results in particularly advantageous conditions when the heat exchanger is designed as a plate heat exchanger, coaxial heat exchanger or tube bundle heat exchanger.

Um eine kontinuierliche Dampferzeugung und damit eine kontinuierliche Befeuchtung zu erzielen, kann der Wasservorratsbehälter eine Füllstandsregelung aufweisen, wobei in Abhängigkeit des Wasserfüllstandes im Wasservorratsbehälter Frischwasser zugeleitet wird.In order to achieve a continuous steam generation and thus a continuous humidification, the water reservoir can have a level control, with fresh water being supplied as a function of the water level in the water reservoir.

In der Zeichnung ist der Erfindungsgegenstand beispielsweise dargestellt. Es zeigen

Fig. 1
einen erfindungsgemäßen Luftbefeuchter in einem schematischen Blockschaltbild mit einem einfachen Wärmepumpenkreis und
Fig. 2
eine der Fig. 1 entsprechende Darstellung eines erfindungsgemäßen Luftbefeuchters mit einer zweistufigen Wärmepumpe.
In the drawing, the subject invention is shown, for example. Show it
Fig. 1
a humidifier according to the invention in a schematic block diagram with a simple heat pump circuit and
Fig. 2
one of the Fig. 1 corresponding representation of a humidifier according to the invention with a two-stage heat pump.

Über einen Verdampfer 1 nimmt ein im Kreislauf geführtes Kältemittel die thermische Energie einer nicht dargestellten Wärmequelle, beispielsweise der Umgebung, auf und wird einem Kompressor 2 zugeführt, der das Kältemittel auf ein höheres Druckniveau verdichtet und zusätzlich erwärmt. Im nachfolgenden, als Wärmetauscher 3 ausgeführten Kondensator kondensiert das Kältemittel unter Wärmeabgabe.Via an evaporator 1 takes a circulated refrigerant thermal energy of a heat source, not shown, for example, the environment, and is supplied to a compressor 2, which is the refrigerant compressed to a higher pressure level and additionally heated. In the following, designed as a heat exchanger 3 condenser condenses the refrigerant with heat release.

Da der Wärmetauscher 3 innerhalb eines Wasservorratsbehälters 4 angeordnet ist, kann Wasser aus dem Wasservorratsbehälter 4 in den sekundärseitigen Zulauf 5 des Wärmetauschers 3 einströmen und wird durch die über die Wärmetauscherflächen abgegebene Wärmeenergie des Kältemittels erwärmt. Ist ein ausreichender Wärmeeintrag erreicht, verdampft das Wasser innerhalb des Wärmetauschers 3 und kann über eine am sekundärseitigen Ablauf des Wärmetauschers 3 angeschlossene Dampfverteilerleitung 6 mit Hilfe von nicht näher dargestellte Einrichtungen, wie beispielsweise Gebläse oder Dampflanzen, dem zu befeuchtenden Luftstrom zugeführt werden. Entsprechend der entnommenen Dampfmenge strömt gleichzeitig Wasser aus dem Wasservorratsbehälter 4 in den Zulauf 5 nach und wird ebenfalls erwärmt.Since the heat exchanger 3 is arranged within a water reservoir 4, water can flow from the water reservoir 4 into the secondary-side inlet 5 of the heat exchanger 3 and is heated by the heat energy of the refrigerant discharged via the heat exchanger surfaces. If a sufficient heat input is achieved, the water evaporates within the heat exchanger 3 and can be supplied to the humidified air flow via a secondary flow of the heat exchanger 3 connected steam distribution line 6 by means not shown in detail, such as blowers or steam lances. At the same time, water from the water reservoir 4 flows into the inlet 5 in accordance with the quantity of steam taken off and is likewise heated.

Das kondensierte Kältemittel wird schließlich über eine Drossel 7 entspannt und dem Verdampfer 1 in üblicher Weise zugeführt, um dort wiederum die thermische Energie der Wärmequelle aufzunehmen.The condensed refrigerant is finally expanded via a throttle 7 and fed to the evaporator 1 in a conventional manner, in turn there to absorb the thermal energy of the heat source.

In der Fig. 2 ist eine mehrstufige Wärmepumpe dargestellt, wobei zwischen dem ersten und dem zweiten Kältemittelkreis K1, K2 ein Wärmetauscher 8 angeordnet ist, der auf der Primärseite als Kondensator für den Kältemittelkreis K1 und auf der Sekundärseite als Verdampfer für den Kältemittelkreis K2 wirkt.In the Fig. 2 is a multi-stage heat pump is shown, between the first and the second refrigerant circuit K 1 , K 2, a heat exchanger 8 is arranged, which acts on the primary side as a condenser for the refrigerant circuit K 1 and on the secondary side as an evaporator for the refrigerant circuit K 2nd

Um eine kontinuierliche Dampferzeugung und damit Befeuchtung sicherzustellen, weist der Wasservorratsbehälter 4 ein Füllventil 9 für Frischwasser auf, das über eine Regeleinrichtung 10 in Abhängigkeit vom Messwert eines dem Wasservorratsbehälter 4 zugeordneten Füllstandgebers 11 angesteuert wird. Zur Entleerung des Wasservorratsbehälters sowie zur raschen Reduktion des Dampfdruckes ist darüber hinaus ein Abschlämmventil 12 vorgesehen.To ensure continuous steam generation and thus humidification, the water reservoir 4 has a filling valve 9 for fresh water, which is controlled via a control device 10 as a function of the measured value of a water tank 4 associated level sensor 11. In addition, a drain valve 12 is provided for emptying the water reservoir and for rapidly reducing the vapor pressure.

Claims (4)

Luftbefeuchter mit einem Wasservorratsbehälter (4) und einem im Wasservorratsbehälter (4) angeordneten Wärmetauscher (3), der sekundärseitig an den Wasservorratsbehälter (4) angeschlossen ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Wärmetauscher (3) primärseitig als Kondensator in den Kältemittelkreis einer Wärmepumpe eingebunden und sekundärseitig an eine Dampfverteilerleitung (6) angeschlossen ist.Humidifier with a water reservoir (4) and a water in the reservoir (4) arranged heat exchanger (3), which is connected on the secondary side to the water reservoir (4), characterized in that the heat exchanger (3) on the primary side as a capacitor integrated into the refrigerant circuit of a heat pump and secondary side to a steam distribution line (6) is connected. Luftbefeuchter nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Wärmepumpe mehrstufig ausgebildet ist.Humidifier according to claim 1, characterized in that the heat pump is designed in several stages. Luftbefeuchter nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Wärmetauscher (3) der Wärmepumpe als Plattenwärmetauscher, Koaxialwärmetauscher oder Rohrbündelwärmetauscher ausgebildet ist.Humidifier according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the heat exchanger (3) of the heat pump is designed as a plate heat exchanger, coaxial heat exchanger or tube bundle heat exchanger. Luftbefeuchter nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Wasservorratsbehälter (4) eine Füllstandsregelung aufweist.Humidifier according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the water reservoir (4) has a level control.
EP13169707.0A 2012-06-22 2013-05-29 Humidifier Active EP2677244B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ATA50239/2012A AT512522B1 (en) 2012-06-22 2012-06-22 humidifier

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2677244A2 true EP2677244A2 (en) 2013-12-25
EP2677244A3 EP2677244A3 (en) 2016-08-10
EP2677244B1 EP2677244B1 (en) 2017-08-16

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EP13169707.0A Active EP2677244B1 (en) 2012-06-22 2013-05-29 Humidifier

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AT (1) AT512522B1 (en)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20160138816A1 (en) * 2013-06-13 2016-05-19 M.F. Clever Solutions Ltd. Humidifying unit for a hvac system
CN106282905B (en) * 2016-09-12 2019-03-15 北京首钢股份有限公司 A kind of system and method improving oriented electrical steel oxygen content stability

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4698979A (en) * 1987-02-04 1987-10-13 Mcguigan Brian G Unitary evaporative cooler assembly with mechanical refrigeration supplement
JPH07294058A (en) * 1994-04-20 1995-11-10 Kajima Corp Apparatus for providing steam and chilled water simultaneously
AT501207A1 (en) * 2005-07-28 2006-07-15 Zweimueller Peter Dipl Ing DEVICE FOR PRODUCING PURE STEAM
US8534645B2 (en) * 2007-11-13 2013-09-17 Dri-Steem Corporation Heat exchanger for removal of condensate from a steam dispersion system

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EP2677244A3 (en) 2016-08-10
AT512522A4 (en) 2013-09-15
EP2677244B1 (en) 2017-08-16
AT512522B1 (en) 2013-09-15

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