Classifications

• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
  • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
  • D01F2/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivatives; Manufacture thereof
  • D01F2/06—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivatives; Manufacture thereof from viscose
  • D01F2/08—Composition of the spinning solution or the bath
  • D01F2/16—Addition of dyes to the spinning solution
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
  • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
  • D01F2/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivatives; Manufacture thereof
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
  • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
  • D01F2/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivatives; Manufacture thereof
  • D01F2/02—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivatives; Manufacture thereof from solutions of cellulose in acids, bases or salts
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
  • Y10T428/249921—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
  • Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
  • Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
  • Y10T442/30—Woven fabric [i.e., woven strand or strip material]
  • Y10T442/3976—Including strand which is stated to have specific attributes [e.g., heat or fire resistance, chemical or solvent resistance, high absorption for aqueous composition, water solubility, heat shrinkability, etc.]
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
  • Y10T442/40—Knit fabric [i.e., knit strand or strip material]
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
  • Y10T442/40—Knit fabric [i.e., knit strand or strip material]
  • Y10T442/45—Knit fabric is characterized by a particular or differential knit pattern other than open knit fabric or a fabric in which the strand denier is specified
  • Y10T442/456—Including additional strand inserted within knit fabric
  • Y10T442/463—Warp knit insert strand
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
  • Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
  • Y10T442/696—Including strand or fiber material which is stated to have specific attributes [e.g., heat or fire resistance, chemical or solvent resistance, high absorption for aqueous compositions, water solubility, heat shrinkability, etc.]

Definitions

• the present invention relates to fluorescent cellulosic regenerated fibres for use in reflective clothing such as are for example described in standard EN 471 , EN 1150, CAN/CSA Z96-02, ANSI/ISEA 207-2006 and BS EN 471 :2003, their use for the production of yarns and textile farbrics and a process for the production of these fibres.
• EN 471 deals exclusively with the reflective effect of personal protective equipment, in particular with reflective clothing.
• reflective clothing comprises a fluorescent background material and a retro-reflective material.
• a material is described as a fluorescent material in accordance with the definition in EN 471 which emits rather than absorbs rays at a longer wave length; in the text which follows the term high-visibility material is also used.
• the present invention refers to the fluorescent background material but not to the retro-reflective materials.
• EN 1150 deals with reflective clothing for non-professional use.
• the difference between standard EN 1150 in comparison to standard EN 471 is the defined area of the fluorescent material in the clothing.
• 8 different fluorescent colours are allowed in EN 1150 (in EN 471 only yellow, orange and red fluorescent colours are allowed).
• the CAN/CSA Z96-02 standard is the Canadian standard for high-visibility reflective clothing.
• the clothing is divided into three categories depending on the application.
• the demands of the area of the fluorescent material and the colour coordinates after radiation correspond to standard EN 471.
• the American standard ANSI/ISEA 207-2006 defines the requirements for protective clothing depending on the application. I.e. the requirements for protective clothing for the police, rescue forces and construction workers are different. The clothing for these three groups differs in terms of the requirements for the high-visibility background material.
• Cellulosic regenerated fibres can indeed be dyed with fluorescent dyestuffs using the conventional bath process. But the fibres dyed in this way do not satisfy the light fastness requirements (greater than 4, measured according to ISO 105-B02). Following xenon exposure, they are considerably bleached and display a marked change in the colour shade and a considerable reduction in the colour intensity which for example can be depicted as a change in the coordinates of the colour space.
• the task was to make a fibre available which on the one hand satisfies the requirements of protective and reflective clothing, as for example are described in EN 471 and CAN/CSA Z96-02, and which on the other hand increases the wear comfort and safety aspects of this clothing with a justifiable economic effort. It should, therefore, be possible to produce the protective and reflective clothing from a fibre of this kind without adding any other fibre types.
• fluorescent pigment in particular a fluorescent pigment is to be understood which reveals a separate colour which can be discerned by the human eye in the daylight. If this were not the case, the purpose of the invention - the warning effect - would naturally not be attained. In this respect the pigments would clearly have to differ from purely optical brighteners.
• the cellulosic regenerated fibres in accordance with the invention reveal a light density factor, measured according to EN ISO 471 of more than 0.7 for yellow fibres, more than 0.4 for orange fibres and more than 0.25 for red fibres and only slightly changed colour coordinates following xenon test exposure. In the same way they reveal a light density factor, measured according to CAN/CSA Z96-02 of more than 0.38 for fluorescent yellow-green fibres, more than 0.20 for fluorescent orange-red fibres and more than 0.125 for fluorescent red fibres and only a few changed colour coordinates after xenon test exposure.
• the fibres also satisfy the other values demanded by EN 471 and similar norms with regard to rub fastness, perspiration fastness, wash fastness, dry cleaning fastness, hypochlorite bleaching fastness and fastness to ironing.
• the spun-dyed cellulosic regenerated fibres in accordance with the invention can for example be produced according to a viscose process, a modified viscose process (e.g. the Modal process, a zinc-free viscose process with al-sulphate, the polynosic process etc ) as well as according to a solvent spinning process which is produced with organic
• fibres such as melted aqueous amine oxides or what are known as ionic liquids.
• the fibres can be designated accordingly as viscose, Modal, polynosic respectively Lyocell.
• other alternative processes such as the Carbamat or the Cupro process are in principle possible.
• Fine spinning was performed at 1.1 - 25, preferably 0.2. - 5.0 weight percentage colour pigment and 0.1 - 22, preferably 7.0 - 17.0 weight percentage of luminous pigment (always in relation to cellulose).
• colour pigments In general the products known to the expert for the spin dyeing of corresponding fibres are suitable as colour pigments.
• the colour pigments Aquamarine Blue 3G from Messrs. Tennents Textile Colors (Cu-phthalocyanide complexes in the form of chromophores), Aquarine Yellow 10G (Messrs. Tennants Textile Colors, Monoazo dye) and Aquis Orange 0341 (Messrs. Heubach, diarylid pyrazolon dyestuff) are suitable for blue, yellow respectively orange fluorescent fibres.
• the luminous pigments preferably contain amino-modified benzoguanamines as chromophore groups.
• the yellow pigment Lunar Yellow 27 and the orange pigment Blaze 5 from the RTS series of Messrs. Swada are suitable with particle diameters of 3 - 4 pm. These substances are sufficiently stable in spin dyeing conditions i.e. spinning solutions respectively spinning baths with a very high respectively very low pH value or of a high temperature.
• Luminous pigments are basically suitable with other chromophore groups, for example sulfonamide groups, provided that they have the stabilisers named.
• the light fastnesses are, also according to this standard, too low.
• the incorporation of dyestuff pigments in accordance with the invention is also necessary in this case to attain sufficient light fastnesses.
• the light fastnesses of the fibres in accordance with the invention can be further improved by the addition of stabilisers.
• stabilisers In principle there are two types of stabilisers which can be used in fluorescent fibres and the efficiency mechanism of which is different.
• UV absorbers and radical quenchers.
• the UV absorbers With the UV absorbers, the light energy is converted into heat and is then drawn off as heat.
• these substances are either organic, conjugated aromatic compounds (benzophenone, triazine, triazole and oxal-anilide) or anorganic substances (for example nano-ZnO and nano-Ti0 2 ) which have an effect via the mechanism of light dispersion.
• Radical quenchers are e.g. so- called HALS products (Hindered Amine Light Stabiliser).
• the cellulosic regenerated fibre can contain other additives.
• the cellulosic regenerated fibre is additionally equipped with a flame-resistant agent.
• One preferred embodiment of the flame-resistant fibre is produced by the additional incorporation of a pigment-shaped flame-resistant agent.
• organophosphorous compounds come into question as pigment-shaped flame-resistant agents apart from other types.
• 2,2'-oxybis [5,5 dimethyl- 1 ,3,2, dioxaphosphorinan] 2,2' disulfide available under the trade name of Exolit respectively Sandoflam.
• the cellulosic regenerated fibre is finished in an antibacterial form.
• the expert can use the substances known to him.
• a yarn of this kind in accordance with the invention can also contain fibres of another origin such as for example (flame-resistant) polyester, Modacryl, para- and meta- aramides, polyamidimide (Kermel®), (flame-resistant) wool, polybenzimidazole (PBI), polyimide (P84®)), polyamides, (flame-resistant) polyamides, flame-resistant acrylic fibres, melamine fibres, polyphenylensulfide (PPS), polytetrafluorethylene (PTFE), glass fibres, cotton, silk, carbon fibres, oxidised thermally stable polyacrylnitrile fibres (PANOX®) and electrically conductive fibres as well as blends of these fibres.
• PPS polyphenylensulfide
• PTFE polytetrafluorethylene
• the blending partners can likewise have a high-visibility finish.
• the object of the present invention is the use of the fibre in accordance with the invention for the production of a textile fabric.
• this textile can also contain other fibres, for example (flame-resistant) polyester, Modacryl, para- and meta- aramides, polyamidimide (Kermel®), (flame-resistant) wool, polybenzimidazole (PBI), polyimide (P84®), polyamides, (flame-resistant) polyamides, flame- resistant acrylic fibres, melamine fibres, polyphenylensulfide (PPS), polytetrafluorethylene (PTFE), glass fibres, cotton, silk, carbon fibres, oxidised thermally stabilised polyacrylnitrile fibres (PANOX®) and electrically conductive fibres and blends of these fibres.
• PPS polyphenylensulfide
• PTFE polytetrafluorethylene
• the other fibres can likewise have a high-visibility finish.
• the textile fabric is preferably a woven, knitted or warp knitted fabric but can basically also be a fleece (non-woven).
• the blend of the fibres in accordance with the invention is with other fibres either by blending prior to the production of yarns, the so-called intimate blend, or by the joint use of respectively pure yarns of the different fibre types when weaving, knitting or knitting is possible.
• the object of the present invention is also the use of fibres in accordance with the invention for the production of reflective clothing whereby normally the above named yarns or textile fabrics are intermediate steps within the textile chain.
• Different designs of articles of clothing of this kind are well known to the expert and do not, therefore, have to be described in greater detail.
• the colour coordinates and the luminous density factor before and after xenon exposure were measured on a fibre sheet.
• the fibre sheets are produced in four steps: 10g of fibres are mixed with water, then swirled in a sheet former apparatus in accordance with ISO 3688: 1999 (E) and then finally dewatered.
• the wet fibre sheet is then finally dried at 92° C for 20 min.
• the weight per surface area of the fibre sheet obtained in this way equals 285 g/m 2 and the diameter is 20 cm.
• a spun-dyed viscose fibre 1.7 dtex was produced with a content of 10.5 weight percentage of luminous pigment orange (Messrs. SWADA, RTS series, Blaze 5) and 1.7 weight percentage colour pigment orange Aquis Orange 0341 (Messrs. Heubach, diarylide- pyrazolon (in relation to the cellulose mass).
• the luminous fibres with the incorporated colour pigments and luminous pigments remain stable following xenon test exposure (table 1).
• the colour coordinates remain within the given range.
• the colour density factor drops slightly.
• the light stability is high and the colour remains intact after washing.
• the friction fastnesses (dry and wet) comply with the values in the standard. From this we can conclude that these luminous fibres for protective textiles satisfy standard EN 471 in all categories.
• a spun-dyed viscose fibre 1.7 dtex contains 12% luminous pigment orange (Messrs. SWADA, RTS series blaze 5) (in relation to the cellulose mass). In this case no colour pigments were used.
• Example 2 shows (table 1) that the luminous fibres, which only contain luminous pigment, with spun-in luminous pigments cannot satisfy standard EN 471 since the colour coordinates lie outside the given range and the light density factor drops significantly following UV exposure.
• table 1 the light fastnesses are also given. The measured value of 2 for the light fastness of a fibre in accordance with the state of the art of technology is, therefore, too low to satisfy the standard.
• a spun-dyed, flame-resistant viscose fibre with an individual titre of 1.7 dtex contains 21 weight percentage 2,2 , -oxybis[5,5-dimethyl-1 ,3,2-dioxaphosphorinan]2,2'disulfide (Exolit 5060, Messrs. Clariant), 13.2 % luminous pigment yellow (Lunar Yellow 27, Messrs, SWADA) and 2.6 % colour pigment yellow (Aquarine Yellow 10G of Messrs. Tennants Textile Colors, chromophore groups are Monoazo groups), always in relation to the cellulose.
• the high-visibility fibres were illuminated in the xenon test and then the colour coordinates were measured before and after the exposure. The fastnesses were determined according to the test process ISO 105-B02.
• the yellow flame-resistant high-visibility fibres reveal excellent results.
• the light density factor of the flame-resistant high-visibility fibres is extremely high (0.98) and the value remains much higher after exposure (0.81) than is demanded in the standard (0.7 for yellow fibres).
• the colour coordinates after exposure are almost the same as before exposure which indicates a high-quality luminous fibre. All the fastness tests reveal excellent results which meet all the demands of standard EN ISO 471.
• a spun-dyed viscose fibre with an individual titre of 1.7 dtex was produced with a content of 11.0 weight percentage luminous pigment blue (Cornet blue 60, Messrs. SWADA) and 3.2 weight percentage colour pigment blue (Aquarine Blue 3G, Messrs. Tennents Textile Colors, chromophore groups are Cu-phthalocyanide complexes).
• the fastnesses are listed in table 1.
• the polyester overdyeing fastness of the blue high-visibility fibres produced in accordance with the invention for non-professional use displays very good values; .
• the colour fastness is > 4 (table 1).

Landscapes

• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Textile Engineering (AREA)
• Artificial Filaments (AREA)
• Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
• Professional, Industrial, Or Sporting Protective Garments (AREA)
• Woven Fabrics (AREA)
• Knitting Of Fabric (AREA)
• Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (2)

Family

ID=44512453

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (8)

Families Citing this family (24)

Family Cites Families (16)

• 2010
  • 2010-07-27 AT ATA1256/2010A patent/AT510229B1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
• 2011
  • 2011-07-11 WO PCT/AT2011/000297 patent/WO2012012813A1/en active Application Filing
  • 2011-07-11 EP EP20110748870 patent/EP2597980B1/de not_active Not-in-force
  • 2011-07-11 RU RU2013108378/12A patent/RU2013108378A/ru not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 2011-07-11 JP JP2013520921A patent/JP2013537588A/ja active Pending
  • 2011-07-11 US US13/808,419 patent/US20130149933A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2011-07-11 CN CN201180036491XA patent/CN103002760A/zh active Pending
  • 2011-07-18 TW TW100125311A patent/TW201219616A/zh unknown

Non-Patent Citations (1)

Also Published As

Similar Documents

Legal Events