Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
  • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
  • F16D65/00—Parts or details
  • F16D65/02—Braking members; Mounting thereof
  • F16D65/12—Discs; Drums for disc brakes
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
  • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
  • F16D66/00—Arrangements for monitoring working conditions, e.g. wear, temperature
  • F16D66/02—Apparatus for indicating wear
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
  • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
  • F16D69/00—Friction linings; Attachment thereof; Selection of coacting friction substances or surfaces
  • F16D69/02—Composition of linings ; Methods of manufacturing
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
  • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
  • F16D65/00—Parts or details
  • F16D65/02—Braking members; Mounting thereof
  • F16D2065/13—Parts or details of discs or drums
  • F16D2065/1304—Structure
  • F16D2065/132—Structure layered
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
  • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
  • F16D65/00—Parts or details
  • F16D65/02—Braking members; Mounting thereof
  • F16D2065/13—Parts or details of discs or drums
  • F16D2065/1304—Structure
  • F16D2065/1328—Structure internal cavities, e.g. cooling channels
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
  • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
  • F16D2200/00—Materials; Production methods therefor
  • F16D2200/0004—Materials; Production methods therefor metallic
  • F16D2200/0008—Ferro
  • F16D2200/0013—Cast iron
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
  • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
  • F16D2200/00—Materials; Production methods therefor
  • F16D2200/0004—Materials; Production methods therefor metallic
  • F16D2200/0008—Ferro
  • F16D2200/0021—Steel
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
  • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
  • F16D2200/00—Materials; Production methods therefor
  • F16D2200/0004—Materials; Production methods therefor metallic
  • F16D2200/0026—Non-ferro
  • F16D2200/003—Light metals, e.g. aluminium
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
  • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
  • F16D2200/00—Materials; Production methods therefor
  • F16D2200/0034—Materials; Production methods therefor non-metallic
  • F16D2200/0039—Ceramics
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
  • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
  • F16D2250/00—Manufacturing; Assembly
  • F16D2250/0038—Surface treatment
  • F16D2250/0046—Coating

Definitions

• the invention relates to a friction disc, in particular a brake disc for
• Friction disc is exceeded and this should be replaced.
• DE 101 18 920 C1 describes a friction disc made of a carbon fiber reinforced ceramic composite material, in which a part of the friction surface of another, in particular a carbonaceous material, which has a lower
• a wear indicator for indicating the wear limit of brake pads on motor vehicles is known, which should be simple in construction and inexpensive to manufacture in a reliable function.
• a U-shaped conductor loop is arranged in a plug which is inserted into a bore of the brake shoe carrier plate. Upon reaching the erosion limit and contacting the conductor loop with the brake disc, an electrical signal is triggered.
• a brake disk with an optical wear indicator is disclosed in US 4,457,566 B1.
• the brake disc in the surface of at least one friction surface on a substantially parallel thereto extending recess which is so deep that the underlying brake disc still has a minimum thickness.
• a friction disc in particular a brake disc, which is equipped on the one hand with a wear protection layer for the reduction of brake dust formation, in order to minimize the emission of particulate matter into the environment and on the other hand has a wear indicator which can be visually recognized in a simple manner, when in the equipped with the wear-resistant friction plate Reibwertver selectedung occurs and they must be changed as a result, to avoid increased wear and increased dust emission.
• composition of the wear protection layer which is suitable for application to the friction surface of a brake disk made of any material and any formation for the reduction of particulate matter emission.
• a first embodiment of the invention relates to a friction disc as it is used as a disc brake disc or as a clutch disc, which is equipped to minimize wear and thus the formation of fine dust with a wear protection layer on the friction surface of the friction disc. Since the interaction of friction lining and friction disc represent a special friction system, an indication of the life of the wear protection layer or an indication of the exceeding of the life of the protective layer on the friction surface is of particular importance. Between the wear protection layer, which covers the friction surface over the entire surface and the friction disc, one or more indication surface elements are provided, which occupy part of the friction surface and clearly differ in coloration and / or structure from the friction surface and / or the wear protection layer.
• buttons can be arranged distributed over the friction surface at a distance from one another, but the formation of an indication surface element as a ring-like circumferential structure is also conceivable.
• With the help of between wear protection layer and the friction surface of the friction disc arranged indicator surface elements can be accurately recognized when a critical wear of the protective layer has occurred and therefore a change of the friction plate is necessary. If the protective layer worn, there is a change in the coefficient of friction, which has an effect on the interaction of the friction lining and the friction plate, which leads to an increase in wear of the friction plate and an increase in fine dust formation.
• the indication surface element arranged under the wear protection layer is exposed as soon as the wear protection layer has been removed to the specified depth. Since the indication surface element can also protrude into the wear protection layer, are
• the indication of the critical wear takes place in particular by visually recognizable indication surface elements.
• these can only consist of a recess in the friction surface of the friction disk, which is noticeable by its contour when the wear protection layer has been removed.
• the depression may also be filled with an indication material which has a different color and / or structure than the surrounding friction surface.
• the indicator surface element can also be equipped with a haptic effect.
• a haptic effect for example, very rough or porous indication materials are suitable whose structural difference to the smooth surface brake disc can be easily felt.
• a layer of the indicator material is not arranged in but on the friction surface as an indication surface element, which is then surrounded by the wear protection layer and therefore at least differs from the wear protection layer color or structure.
• the wear protection layer is applied with a thickness of 10 to 200 ⁇ preferably 10 to 50 pm on the friction surface of the friction disc, so it is very thin and intended primarily for use on a friction disc on a metallic material.
• the friction disc which can be equipped with the wear-resistant layer, can thus consist of a cast iron, a steel or an aluminum alloy.
• the indication surface element lies under the wear protection layer and becomes visible only after the critical wear.
• it consists of a colored, black zen or white ceramic, a mineral dye and / or a fiber fabric or braid.
• metal or ceramic foams are suitable.
• the wear protection layer itself consists either of a ceramic, in particular based on carbides or oxide ceramics, of a cermet, which is preferably a composite material of a carbide or an oxide ceramic in a metallic matrix, or it may consist of a hard metal alloy.
• ceramic hard particles which consist in particular of aluminum oxide (corundum) and / or titanium dioxide may be embedded in the wear protection layer.
• compositions of the wear protection layer of a friction disk according to the invention relate to compositions of the wear protection layer of a friction disk according to the invention, depending on whether it is a metal alloy, a cermet or a ceramic.
• the composition may consist of a chromium- and / or nickel-containing tungsten-based alloy or a chromium-nickel steel.
• the tungsten base alloy is a composition preferably containing 20 to 35% by weight of chromium and 5 to 15% by weight of nickel, and more preferably 27% by weight and 10% by weight of nickel having a content of 100% by weight. -% balancing residual content of tungsten and the usual alloy traces of contamination has.
• the alternative chromium / nickel steel has in a preferred embodiment at least 16 wt .-% chromium and at least 10 wt .-% nickel, more preferably a chromium content of 16.5 to 20 wt .-% and a nickel content of 10 to 26% by weight.
• a cermet is used for the wear-resistant layer, then this can be composed of a tungsten alloy in which ceramic particles of Al 2 O 3 , TiO 2 and / or SiC are contained.
• An alternative cermet is present with WC and / or CrC in a metallic matrix of Ni, Co and / or Cr, wherein a proportion of WC of 60 to 85 wt .-% is particularly preferred.
• Particularly suitable is a cermet with 70 to 85 wt .-% WC and 7 to 12 wt .-% Co ..
• a wear resistant layer composition of a friction disc of the invention relates to a ceramic consisting of WC, CrC, SiC, Al 2 O 3 , TiO 2, or a combination thereof.
• Preferred ceramics are composed of WC and AI 2 0 3 or Al 2 0 3 and Ti0 2 together, the latter preferably having an AI 2 0 3 .Anteil 60-97 wt .-% and a Ti0 2J weight proportion of 3 to 40 .-%.
• FIG. 1 is a side cross-sectional partial view of a brake disc with wear protection layer and wear indication
• Fig. 2a is a plan view of a friction surface cutout with two different
• Fig. 2b is a side sectional view corresponding to the view of Fig. 2a.
• the friction disc according to the invention relates primarily to brake discs, but other friction discs such as clutch discs are also included.
• the brake disks may be a composite brake disk or a brake disk made of solid material, which according to the invention is provided with a wear protection layer on the friction surface which is present on the friction ring of the friction disk and comprises an integrated wear indication.
• Fig. 1 shows an internally ventilated brake disc 2, which may be made of a gray cast iron, steel or an aluminum alloy.
• a wear protection layer 1 is applied in each case, which has a thickness of less than 200 ⁇ , preferably of less than 50 pm.
• an indication surface element 3 a locally applied layer of an indicator material can be seen in FIG. 1, which is surrounded by the wear protection layer 1.
• This indicator surface element 3 is optically detectable when the wear protection layer 1 is correspondingly worn or worn out.
• at least one further indication surface element is arranged on the second friction surface, which, however, is then not directly visible from the outside when the
• Brake disc is mounted on a vehicle.
• Two different embodiments of an indicator surface element 3 are shown in FIGS. 2 a and 2 b, both initially being a depression 3 introduced into the friction surface 2 'of the friction disk 2. While the indication surface element 3 shown on the right side is merely realized by countersinking, so that after wear of the protective layer 1, as shown in FIG. 2a, only the contour becomes visible, for example as a blind hole, the depression is on the left side with an indication material 3, which differs in terms of color and / or structure of the friction surface 2 '. On the one hand, color differences can be achieved by using white, black or colored materials as the indicator material, but it is also possible to cause discoloration by a chemical, in particular oxidative, reaction as a result of the heat action of the friction system.
• indicator materials for example, ceramics in question, which may have a white color of Al 2 0 3 or Ti0 2 or a black color of SiC. Other colors can be realized by mineral colors such as metal oxides.
• the ceramic can be used as an inlay in a depression or placed on the friction surface before the wear protection layer is applied. The attachment can be done by suitable bonding or possibly. Welding or soldering.
• the indicator element is poured during casting of the friction disc.
• a white ceramic can be used as indicator material, which is first sprayed into the indicator recess during production of the coating of the coating, for example, whereupon the wear protection layer is then sprayed on by switching the sprayer to the metal / ceramic coating.
• Structural differences to the optical detection of the indication surface element may be implemented by, for example, a metal fiber mesh or metal mesh insert, for example by pouring a small steel tissue into an aluminum brake disc. In this way, advantageously metal or ceramic foams can be implemented.
• Wear protection layer has exceeded its service life and removed or
• compositions for the wear protection layer of friction disks according to the invention together with a friction lining, such as a brake pad, a special friction system, which is characterized by low wear and low particulate matter.
• the indication surface element can be formed by one or more local surface elements.
• Fig. 2a is to see a circular element, the shape can of course constantly deviate from the shown. All geometric figures and design elements are conceivable, indication surface elements can also be triangular, star-shaped or formed approximately from letters. If the surface element is designed as a ring-like circumferential structure, then this may also be a circular ring or represent a curved or serrated band.
• the revolving structure is particularly easy to recognize, as it may not, as locally applied elements may be obscured by the rim mounted in front of the brake disc. Thus, with a revolving indication surface element, it can be seen at first glance, even when the wheels are mounted, whether the brake disk has to be replaced or not.
• a preferred composition of a wear protection layer consists of WC and Al 2 0 3 or Al 2 O 3 and Ti0 2 as ceramics.
• the latter preferably contains 60 to
• a composition for a wear-resistant layer may be based on W, which may be a tungsten-based alloy containing Cr and / or Ni, preferably containing 20 to 35% by weight of Cr and 5 to 15% by weight of Ni, as well as remaining constituent W and alloys customary in the art Contains impurities.
• a preferred tungsten-based alloy contains 27% by weight of Cr and 10% by weight of Ni.
• Ceramic hard material particles, in particular of Al 2 O 3 and / or TiO 2 can be integrated into such a tungsten-based alloy.
• a Cr / Ni steel may have at least 16% by weight Cr and at least 10% by weight Ni.
• An example by a ceramic injection-molded layer of Cr / Ni steel formed wear protection layer may preferably also have a Cr content of 16.5 to 20 wt .-% and a Ni 10 to
• Cermets of carbide (oxide) metallic matrix ceramics may be formed into a metallic matrix of N, Co and / or Cr for use as a W and / or CrC wear protection layer.
• a tungsten carbide content is in a range of 60 to 85% by weight, a preferred composition comprises 70 to 85% by weight of WC and 7 to 12% by weight of Co. It is also conceivable to use a composition of Al 2 O 3 as wear protection layer To use Ti0 2 and / or SiC in a tungsten matrix.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Braking Arrangements (AREA)
• Mechanical Operated Clutches (AREA)
• Laminated Bodies (AREA)
• Magnetic Record Carriers (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

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Family Applications (1)

Country Status (6)

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• 2010
  • 2010-03-30 DE DE102010013343A patent/DE102010013343A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 2011
  • 2011-03-16 CN CN201180017633.8A patent/CN103119317B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2011-03-16 JP JP2013501662A patent/JP2013527897A/ja active Pending
  • 2011-03-16 US US13/634,630 patent/US20130008748A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2011-03-16 WO PCT/EP2011/001277 patent/WO2011124312A2/de active Application Filing
  • 2011-03-16 EP EP11708737.9A patent/EP2588775A2/de not_active Withdrawn

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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