EP2553276B1 - Dispositif de refroidissement de fluide - Google Patents

Dispositif de refroidissement de fluide Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2553276B1
EP2553276B1 EP11711450.4A EP11711450A EP2553276B1 EP 2553276 B1 EP2553276 B1 EP 2553276B1 EP 11711450 A EP11711450 A EP 11711450A EP 2553276 B1 EP2553276 B1 EP 2553276B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
storage tank
cooling device
fluid cooling
fluid
fill
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP11711450.4A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2553276A1 (fr
Inventor
Guiseppe Zeolla
Luca Mariani
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hydac AG
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Hydac AG
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Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of EP2553276A1 publication Critical patent/EP2553276A1/fr
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Publication of EP2553276B1 publication Critical patent/EP2553276B1/fr
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B23/00—Pumping installations or systems
    • F04B23/02—Pumping installations or systems having reservoirs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B1/00—Installations or systems with accumulators; Supply reservoir or sump assemblies
    • F15B1/26—Supply reservoir or sump assemblies
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B21/00—Common features of fluid actuator systems; Fluid-pressure actuator systems or details thereof, not covered by any other group of this subclass
    • F15B21/04—Special measures taken in connection with the properties of the fluid
    • F15B21/042—Controlling the temperature of the fluid
    • F15B21/0423—Cooling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D25/00—Details of other kinds or types of rigid or semi-rigid containers
    • B65D25/54—Inspection openings or windows
    • B65D25/56—Inspection openings or windows with means for indicating level of contents
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/6416—With heating or cooling of the system
    • Y10T137/6525—Air heated or cooled [fan, fins, or channels]

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fluid cooling device as a structural unit with a drive motor that drives a rotatable fan, and with a filling and a level indicator having storage tank from which at least one fluid is conveyed into a hydraulic working circle, wherein in the hydraulic working circuit, the fluid is heated and cooled by a heat exchanger of the assembly, preferably back into the storage tank traceable.
  • Fluid cooling devices as part of compact hydraulic units or as a functional unit for a hydraulic working group are basically known. They regularly consist of a cooling device, consisting of a cooler with fan fan and attached storage tank for a circulating fluid. Such fluid cooling devices are used both stationary and in mobile use in vehicles, especially in commercial vehicles or work machines, where temporarily additional hydraulic working groups can be used.
  • the DE 103 28 177 A1 describes a fluid cooling device as a modular unit with a, a fan blower and a pressure medium pump driving drive motor.
  • a fluid (hydraulic oil) is from a storage tank in a hydraulic working group with at least one consumer promoted.
  • the pressure medium is heated in the same during operation of the hydraulic working group and cooled again via a cooling device before it again enters the said storage tank.
  • the storage tank regularly comprises the fan fan or fan in the manner of a flow guide or in the form of a so-called.
  • NACA ring which on the one hand an improved fan flow and on the other a damping effect of operating noise of the fan blower is effected.
  • the number of components and the assembly costs for the pertinent fluid cooling device are lowered by the structural measures.
  • WO 98 / 42986A1 a fluid cooling device that forms a compact unit, consisting of a motor that drives a fan and a fluid pump.
  • the fluid is heated by flow losses and adiabatic processes and fed to a heat exchanger.
  • the fluid is returned to the oil reservoir.
  • the oil tank is trough-shaped with, the motor and the fluid pump partially reshaping walls formed.
  • the fluid cooling device shown represents a compact solution without pipe connections, so that the structural unit, consisting of filter and pump unit and a cooling unit, can be connected in a space-saving manner with an oil tank without further piping.
  • the fluid cooling devices which are freely available on the market and described here by way of example only, are special solutions specially adapted and developed specifically for specific installation situations on site, which do not permit a diverse spatial arrangement such as a turning unit.
  • Their design, the type and arrangement, in particular of fluid connections and filling openings or level indicators, define a fixed installation situation in their mechanical environment, which is not changeable in this respect.
  • the DE 196 52 706 A1 describes a hydraulic compact unit consisting essentially of a pressure medium tank in the manner of an oil tank, which encloses a cooler with an inner outer wall for cooling pressure medium.
  • the cooler has an electric motor with a motor shaft, which serves both to drive a fan rotor and to drive a hydraulic pump.
  • the compact unit is designed so that it can be placed in two operating positions.
  • the pressure medium container has a level sensor in the form of an electrical sensor which communicates with the oil in the interior of the pressure medium container. The level sensor can be changed at the pressure fluid container in a change of the position of use in its orientation, ie in particular ummontiert be.
  • XP 55004110 shows a hydraulic unit, in which a transparent storage tank is provided, which can be filled via a filling opening from the top.
  • XP 55004114 shows a storage tank in which a filling opening in a corner region, which is adjacent to three sides of the fluid tank, is arranged. In addition, a level indicator is provided, which is arranged away from the filling opening.
  • the invention has the object, while maintaining the advantages of the known solutions to further improve that the fluid cooling device allows different installation directions and yet structurally simple, especially based on their components, such as filling, level indicator and associated fluid connections.
  • the structural unit (fluid cooling device) is designed as a turning unit in which a filling opening, preferably provided with a filter device, and a level indicator are arranged on the storage tank that the unit in at least two assembly directions, according two main axes, ie in a vertical, first mounting direction and in a direction perpendicular thereto arranged, preferably horizontal, second mounting direction, mountable, a constructive measure is created to mount the fluid cooling device in different mounting positions and yet with a minimum number of level indicators and filling, namely preferably only in each case an ad or opening to get along.
  • a single filling opening and with a single level indicator which are designed accordingly to mount the fluid cooling device in at least two mutually different mounting positions on a third component accordingly, without resulting in loss of function.
  • the filling and the level indicator in a corner is provided, in order to allow proper filling of the storage tank with fluid and independent of the installation position of the fluid cooling device, whether in the direction of a vertical main axis or in the direction of this intersecting axis to read the level, is provided, the filling and the level indicator in a corner to arrange the storage tank.
  • the corner region in question is characterized by a flattening of the relevant corner of the storage tank, ie by removing the corner formed by the otherwise three acute running wall surfaces. Instead of said corner a approximately 45 ° all three wall panels concerned cutting wall or corner surface is formed, which allows the arrangement of the filling at the apex of the boundary line of the individual wall surfaces of the storage tank.
  • the Storage tank preferably has a parallelepiped-like shape, each with approximately mutually parallel edges on the individual side surfaces, which are configured in a preferred embodiment in about the same length.
  • the level indicator Adjacent to the filling opening, which may also be equipped with a filter device and a pressure compensation device, the level indicator is provided.
  • the level indicator is preferably formed by a scale which is formed directly and preferably in one piece with the wall of the storage tank.
  • the scale is arranged around a control opening or indicator (sight glass), which is recessed in the wall of the storage tank.
  • the storage tank is preferably a formed in the forming process or blow molding thermoplastic resin tank, so that the scaling in the form of spaced lines in the manufacture of the storage tank can be made with.
  • the scaling can be obtained by a corresponding shaping within the thermoforming or blow mold for storage tank preparation.
  • the walls of the storage tank are made transparent, so that directly the level at the scale used can be read.
  • the storage tank In order to effect a UV radiation shielding for the relevant fluid, it may be expedient to form the storage tank from a milky-cloudy plastic or a non-transparent plastic, so that the level then expediently at a, the control opening occlusive transparent sealing element in the Art a sight glass can be read, in which subsequent wall area again the respective scale is arranged to a level balance between the amount shown in the sight glass and the adjacent scaling.
  • the sealing element need not be transparent when the wall of the storage tank is transparent. If the wall of the storage tank is again not transparent, it is advisable to use a transparent sealing element for the inspection opening in the manner of the sight glass. Also, a partial transparency for the wall of the storage tank may be provided in such a way that just a comparison check between scaling and level height is made possible in the storage tank.
  • the level indicator can be embedded in a recess in the wall contour of the storage tank.
  • the scaling preferably includes a fictitious angle of 90 ° to each other in a corresponding arrangement immediately adjacent to the control opening around.
  • the storage tank serves as a support for the fan wheel together with the drive motor and encloses this preferably in the manner of a frame, so that a filled with fluid box construction is realized around the rotatable fan.
  • the storage tank and its shape can be chosen such that it can serve as a guide for incoming air on the one hand and on the other hand forms a good damping measure for any operating noise of the fan.
  • the storage tank is so far preferably flows through cooling air, wherein the flowed through by the heated fluid heat exchanger may also be an integral part of the storage tank, which preferably surrounds the heat exchanger at least on two opposite sides, thereby fixing it to a box or frame construction of the storage tank.
  • the heat exchanger is integrated into the outer contour of the storage tank such that a total of a cuboid or a parallelepiped-like shape of the fluid cooling device is formed as a unit, which makes do without significant attachments and protrusions for mounting on third components.
  • a pressure relief valve of the fluid cooling device can also be part of the storage tank adjacent to the filling opening and the level indicator. In that regard, the operation of the fluid cooling device by changing the mounting position for safety reasons due to the pressure relief valve would be possible without hesitation.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective, schematic view of a fluid cooling device 1 for receiving and cooling a fluid which is in a hydraulic working circuit of a utility vehicle (not shown) can be used.
  • the fluid may be a hydraulic oil for a shiftable, hydrostatic or mechanical transmission of the motor vehicle.
  • the fluid cooling device 1 can also be integrated into existing hydraulic drive circuits of drive or machine tools in order to cool corresponding working hydraulic oil.
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 give two possible installation positions of the fluid cooling device 1 again, the mounting position in the Fig. 2 shows a substantially vertical orientation of the fluid cooling device 1 and the orientation after the Fig. 3 a horizontal and so far horizontal arrangement of the fluid cooling device 1.
  • the installation situation as shown in the Fig. 4 and in the horizontal arrangement according to the Fig. 3 would that be in the Fig. 1 and 5 shown fluid cooling device 1 shown tilted about an inclination axis in each case by 90 ° in the image plane or out of the image plane.
  • Essential components of the fluid cooling device 1 are a storage tank 4 describing the shape of the fluid cooling device 1, a drive motor 2, for example in the form of a DC electric motor, and a fan wheel 3 driven by it (see FIG. Fig: 5 ).
  • a storage tank 4 describing the shape of the fluid cooling device 1
  • a drive motor 2 for example in the form of a DC electric motor
  • a fan wheel 3 driven by it see FIG. Fig: 5 .
  • free side surfaces serve the overall shape of the fluid cooling device 1 defined by a cuboid shape of the storage tank 4.
  • Fig. 1 shows further a front view of the fluid cooling device 1, wherein the fluid in a rotary blow molding of a preferably formed of polyethylene plastic reservoir tank 4 provides a substantially rectangular front view of the viewer.
  • the web-like extend to the edge of the fan opening 16 can serve as a kind of rectifier for smoothing the cooling air flow and stiffen so the respective cover grille 18 for the fan 3.
  • the cooling air through the fan opening 16 also be provided inversely, in particular if certain installation situations of the fluid cooling device 1 should require this. If necessary, an inverse flow air reversal can also be achieved by an inverse direction of rotation of the vanes during fan operation.
  • the storage tank 4 has a conical, tapered shape in the manner of an inlet funnel to the closed by the grille 18 fan opening 16, so that there are low inlet losses for the fan and insofar as a favorable flow of the cooling air through the storage tank 4 results.
  • the storage tank 4 on its right side wall on a chamfer 29, which is a custom feature and may result, inter alia, from the respective installation situation for the fluid cooling device 1.
  • the storage tank 4 At the lower right side looking towards the Fig. 1 seen is located at the front of the fan opening 16 around different connecting pieces 19 for a leakage oil supply from the hydraulic working circuit, not shown.
  • horizontally and vertically guided U-shaped grooves present that can facilitate the positive fixing to a stand or chassis parts of a vehicle body and otherwise stiffen the container construction. This also results in correspondingly large, mutually separated contact surfaces for setting the supply tank 4 to third-party components.
  • the blower air flow is centered on the in Fig. 5 horizontally extending cooling fins 20 of a heat exchanger 5 directed.
  • the cooling fins 20 extend in the same distance from each other from a box-shaped inlet distribution channel 21 to a box-like drain channel 22, the cooled fluid is discharged back into the interior of the storage tank 4.
  • the channels 21,22 are arranged perpendicular to the cooling fins 20, wherein the entire heat exchanger 5 may be formed both as a casting and in sheet metal construction with solder or welded joints.
  • the heat exchanger 5 has a pressure relief valve 14, which is installed on an upper side of the inlet distribution channel 21 and in the region of an upper side wall 10 "(see. Fig. 1 ) of the storage tank 4 opens.
  • a filling opening 6 at the upper left corner region 8 in the direction of the Fig. 1 Seen on the fluid cooling device 1, which consists of a filler neck 23 with a External thread exists, on which a closure lid 24 is screwed with knurling.
  • Said corner region is defined by a wall surface 9, which is triangular in plan view and connects the side walls 10, 10 ', 10 "of the storage tank 4.
  • a filter element not shown in detail can be integrated in the usual way.
  • the wall surface 9 is formed integrally with the remaining walls of the storage tank 4.
  • a level indicator 7 on the in the Fig. 1 consists of a circular level control opening 13 in the manner of a sight glass and two scales 11, 11 ', which occupy a right angle to each other ..
  • the respective scale 11, 11' can from a single-stroke display according to the presented embodiment, which gives the viewer an indication of the desired maximum or minimum volume level in the storage tank 4, or consist of a multi-line arrangement that allows a statement about which defined amount is received in the storage tank 4.
  • the one scaling 11 is arranged parallel to the mounting direction X and the further scaling 11 'parallel to the mounting direction Y.
  • the intersection point S of the two scaling regions 11, 11 ' forms the center of the fill level control opening 13.
  • the fill level control opening 13 (sight glass) is spaced from the fill opening 6 by about 1/8 to 1/5 of the total length or the total width of the storage tank 4 ,
  • the respective position of the control opening 13 in conjunction with the respective scaling 11, 11 ' is dependent on which filling level for the respective storage tank 4 is predetermined by the user.
  • a sealing element 12 in the form of a clipped plastic cap closes the level control opening 13 and the sealing element is transparent in the embodiment shown formed so that the fluid level is also readable on the sealing element 12 accordingly.
  • the heat exchanger 5 is arranged off-center with its pressure relief valve 14 to the storage tank 4 and seen in relation to all side walls of the storage tank 4 integrated approximately flush in the cuboid overall shape of the tank 4.
  • Diederippen 20 (s. Fig. 5 ) have rectangular, strip-like Grundrißgestalt with constant width and thickness over its entire length.
  • the heat exchanger 5 is constructed as an independent component in a modular manner and can be fluidly connected via plug connections without piping to the storage tank 4. This results in a very quick and easy total assembly option.
  • Fig. 5 in a rear view of the heat exchanger 5, this is connected on its inlet distribution channel side 21 with screws on two tabs 25 to the storage tank 4.
  • An equally positive, detachable connection of the heat exchanger 5 may be additionally provided on its inlet distribution channel side 21, so that overall results in a simple assembly and a surface connection of the heat exchanger 5 with the storage tank 4.
  • the storage tank 4 can be designed with its components due to its production as a plastic part in blow molding or rotational molding process to the effect that not only mechanical and hydraulic connection options are provided, but also cable guides for connection cable of the electric drive motor 2. So in the Fig. 1 to 3 a gap 26 is provided for cable management, which is approximately in the middle of an adjacent to the grid 18 for the fan 3 edge of the side wall Through the gap 26, the power supply for the drive motor 2 in the aforementioned manner can be performed.
  • the Fig. 6 again shows a view of the underside of the fluid cooling device 1 in addition to the side from which the fluid is removed from the storage tank 4.
  • a removal opening 28 is arranged at a further corner region 27 of the tank 4, which can have a corresponding fluid coupling.
  • the removal opening 28 is similar to the wall surface 9 provided in the overlapping region of three side surfaces of the storage tank 4 and the wall surface 9 is arranged diagonally opposite the storage tank 4. Due to the position of the removal opening 28, it is possible that in both provided mounting positions of the fluid cooling device 1, the removal opening 28 comes to rest at the lowest point of the storage tank 4.
  • a view of the return pipe 15 for fluid which is guided from the hydraulic working circuit back to the heat exchanger 5 shown.
  • the pertinent return pipe 15 is so far on the underside of the box-shaped inlet distribution channel 21st

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Supply Devices, Intensifiers, Converters, And Telemotors (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Dispositif (1) de refroidissement de fluide sous la forme d'une unité de construction avec un moteur (2) d'entraînement, qui entraine une roue (3) de ventilateur tournante, et comprenant un réservoir (4), qui a une ouverture (6) de remplissage ainsi qu'un indicateur (7) de niveau et duquel au moins un fluide peut être véhiculé dans un circuit de travail hydraulique, dans lequel, dans le circuit de travail hydraulique, le fluide est réchauffé et est refroidi par un échangeur de chaleur (5) du dispositif (1) de refroidissement de fluide, en étant, de préférence, retourné au réservoir (4), caractérisé en ce que l'unité de construction est réalisée sous la forme d'un groupe tournant, dans lequel l'ouverture (6) de remplissage de fluide et l'indicateur (7) de niveau sont disposés sur le réservoir (4), de manière à pouvoir être utilisés ou lus dans une première direction (X, Y) de montage verticale de l'unité de construction et dans une deuxième direction (Y, X) de montage de l'unité de construction prévue à angle droit avec la première direction (X, Y) de montage et en ce que l'ouverture (6) de remplissage et l'indicateur (7) de niveau sont disposés dans une partie (8) de coin du réservoir (4).
  2. Dispositif de refroidissement de fluide suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'ouverture (6) de remplissage est disposée sur une surface (9) de paroi du réservoir (4), qui relie entre elles trois parois (10, 10', 10") latérales du réservoir (4) dans la partie (8) de coin.
  3. Dispositif de refroidissement de fluide suivant l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'indicateur (7) de niveau est formé d'un dispositif (11, 11') d'indication à échelle, disposé sur la face extérieure d'une paroi (10") latérale du réservoir (4) et pouvant être lu dans au moins deux directions (X, Y) de montage de l'unité de construction, dispositif qui est disposé dans la partie d'une ouverture (13) de contrôle de niveau fermée par un élément (12) d'étanchéité.
  4. Dispositif de refroidissement de fluide suivant la revendication précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'indicateur (7) de niveau est disposé en étant renfoncé dans le contour du réservoir (4) et l'élément (12) d'étanchéité est réalisé, lorsque la paroi (10") latérale du réservoir (4) est transparente, en n'étant pas transparente et, lorsque la paroi (10") latérale du réservoir (4) n'est pas transparente, en étant transparente.
  5. Dispositif de refroidissement de fluide suivant l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'ouverture (6) de remplissage est disposée dans une partie (8) de coin du réservoir (4), définie par une surface (9) de paroi triangulaire inclinée, qui se transforme en les trois parois (10, 10', 10") latérales, sensiblement perpendiculaires entre elles.
  6. Dispositif de refroidissement de fluide suivant l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'une direction (X) de montage s'étend parallèlement à la paroi (10') latérale, qui entoure, du côté frontal, la roue (3) du ventilateur et en ce que l'autre direction (Y) de montage est parallèle à la paroi (10") latérale ayant l'indicateur (7) de niveau.
  7. Dispositif de refroidissement de fluide suivant l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'échangeur de chaleur (5) est encastré dans le contour extérieur du réservoir (4) et est entouré du réservoir (4) au moins sur deux côtés.
  8. Dispositif de refroidissement de fluide suivant l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'une soupape (14) de surpression de l'unité de construction est disposée au voisinage de l'ouverture (6) de remplissage et de l'indicateur (7) de niveau.
  9. Dispositif de refroidissement de fluide suivant l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'une tubulure (15) de retour du fluide, allant du circuit de travail hydraulique à l'unité de construction, est montée sur celle-ci avec possibilité d'inversion.
EP11711450.4A 2010-03-26 2011-03-22 Dispositif de refroidissement de fluide Active EP2553276B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102010012952A DE102010012952A1 (de) 2010-03-26 2010-03-26 Fluidkühlvorrichtung
PCT/EP2011/001399 WO2011116924A1 (fr) 2010-03-26 2011-03-22 Dispositif de refroidissement de fluide

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2553276A1 EP2553276A1 (fr) 2013-02-06
EP2553276B1 true EP2553276B1 (fr) 2019-08-07

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EP11711450.4A Active EP2553276B1 (fr) 2010-03-26 2011-03-22 Dispositif de refroidissement de fluide

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US (1) US9222492B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP2553276B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102010012952A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2011116924A1 (fr)

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CN110529440B (zh) * 2019-09-24 2020-09-15 哈尔滨工业大学 一种回油动力驱动带石墨烯导热风扇的液压油箱
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Also Published As

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DE102010012952A1 (de) 2011-09-29
US9222492B2 (en) 2015-12-29
US20130081387A1 (en) 2013-04-04
WO2011116924A1 (fr) 2011-09-29
EP2553276A1 (fr) 2013-02-06

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