EP2553201B1 - Procédé de réalisation d'un forage horizontal dans le sol et dispositif de forage horizontal - Google Patents

Procédé de réalisation d'un forage horizontal dans le sol et dispositif de forage horizontal Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2553201B1
EP2553201B1 EP11714931.0A EP11714931A EP2553201B1 EP 2553201 B1 EP2553201 B1 EP 2553201B1 EP 11714931 A EP11714931 A EP 11714931A EP 2553201 B1 EP2553201 B1 EP 2553201B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
rod
horizontal
horizontal boring
pit
section
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP11714931.0A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2553201A2 (fr
Inventor
Elmar Koch
Sebastian Fischer
Andreas Joachim Hanses
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Tracto Technik GmbH and Co KG
Engie SA
Original Assignee
Tracto Technik GmbH and Co KG
GDF Suez SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Tracto Technik GmbH and Co KG, GDF Suez SA filed Critical Tracto Technik GmbH and Co KG
Priority to PL11714931T priority Critical patent/PL2553201T3/pl
Priority to EP13005268.1A priority patent/EP2728104B1/fr
Priority to PL13005268T priority patent/PL2728104T3/pl
Publication of EP2553201A2 publication Critical patent/EP2553201A2/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2553201B1 publication Critical patent/EP2553201B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
    • E21B7/04—Directional drilling
    • E21B7/046—Directional drilling horizontal drilling
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B19/00—Handling rods, casings, tubes or the like outside the borehole, e.g. in the derrick; Apparatus for feeding the rods or cables
    • E21B19/20—Combined feeding from rack and connecting, e.g. automatically
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B49/00—Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells
    • E21B49/02—Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells by mechanically taking samples of the soil
    • E21B49/06—Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells by mechanically taking samples of the soil using side-wall drilling tools pressing or scrapers
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
    • E21B7/28—Enlarging drilled holes, e.g. by counterboring
    • E21B7/30—Enlarging drilled holes, e.g. by counterboring without earth removal

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for creating a horizontal well in the ground and a horizontal drilling device for use in such a method.
  • Horizontal drilling devices are used to bring in trenchless construction supply and disposal lines in the ground or already laid old lines trenchless exchange.
  • Horizontalbohrvoriquesen there are a variety of different Horizontalbohrvoriquesen. Widely used are horizontal drilling devices in which a drill head is initially driven obliquely into the soil by means of a drill pipe and, starting from a drilling carriage positioned on the earth's surface, until the drill head reaches the desired drilling depth. Then the drill head is reversed to the horizontal to introduce the desired horizontal bore.
  • the target point of such a horizontal well may be, for example, in a specially excavated target mine or in a basement room or he may also, i. like the starting point, located on the earth's surface.
  • the drill head is reversed after a certain Bohrfort Kunststoff in an obliquely upward direction to let the drill head to exit again on the earth's surface.
  • an expander such as a conical expander
  • It can be provided to attach to the expansion device a newly retracted line to collect these simultaneously with the expansion of the pilot hole in the soil.
  • Horizontal drilling rigs are also used to replace trenchless trenchings buried underground.
  • the drill string is pushed by the drill carriage along the old line (and in particular by an old pipe) and after reaching a destination point, which may for example lie in a maintenance shaft of the sewer, the front end of the drill string connected to a widening device the old pipe is cut or ruptured during the retraction of the drill string, wherein the portions of the destroyed old pipe are displaced radially into the surrounding soil.
  • a new pipe can be pulled into the old pipe.
  • the new pipe can have an outer diameter which corresponds to or even exceeds the outer diameter of the old pipe.
  • an expansion device instead of an expansion device to connect an adapter to the front end of the drill pipe, which acts on the rear end of the old pipe and this pulls out when retracting the drill string from the ground. Thereby it can be prevented that fragments of the old pipe remain in the soil, which could otherwise damage the neuro-ear due to the sharp-edged break edges in connection with the pressure exerted by the surrounding earth.
  • Horizontal drilling devices regularly have a linear drive, with which the drill string is driven into the soil and withdrawn from it. Furthermore, a rotary drive is provided on a regular basis, with which the drill string (and the associated drilling or expanding head) can be set in rotation. Through the rotation of the drill head or the expander the propulsion in the soil can be improved.
  • a rotation of the drill head is required in order to be able to control it in the desired drilling direction.
  • the drill heads of such horizontal drilling devices have an asymmetrically shaped (eg, beveled) drill head front that results in lateral deflection of the drill head during movement of the drill head through the soil. If the drill head is driven in rotation simultaneously with the driving in the ground, the asymmetrical design of the drill head has no influence on the straight bore course, because the lateral deflection compensates in the middle of a turn.
  • Horizontal wellhead drilling rigs are often only suitable for use in out-of-town areas as they must be positioned at a considerable distance from the area because of the tapping path required to achieve the desired depth of drilling in which the bore or the new pipeline is to be introduced into the soil or in which an existing old pipeline is to be replaced. Frequently, space is not available in built-up urban areas.
  • Another disadvantage of such Horizontalbohrvoriquesen is that these - regularly trained as a self-propelled Bohrlafette - horizontal drilling produce considerable land damage that must be eliminated again with a corresponding financial outlay.
  • the trenchless line construction in built-up areas is still largely limited to the trenchless replacement of old pipes, since the old pipes always extend between existing underground cavities (in particular supply shafts and cellars), which can be used for the positioning of the horizontal drilling. Excavation work and thus land damage can be largely avoided.
  • horizontal drilling devices were developed, which are dimensioned so that they can be positioned in a supply shaft of the sewer system.
  • new utility lines are often not to be routed along existing utility lines, it is often not possible to resort to these horizontal wells for utility relocation.
  • a horizontal boring machine which is designed for use in small excavation pits with a rectangular cross section of about 70 cm x 40 cm and a depth of about 1 m to 1.5 m.
  • This horizontal drilling device comprises a frame whose dimensions correspond approximately to the cross-sectional dimensions of the excavation and which is lowered into the excavation. A part of the frame protrudes beyond the upper edge of the excavation.
  • a combined Linear / rotary drive provided over a driven from individual rod sections together drill pipe is driven into the soil.
  • the rod sections which are gradually screwed to the rear end of the already drilled drill string, are fed to the linear / rotary drive via a linkage lift, which is from a rod magazine in the upper, over the edge of the pit extending portion of the frame is arranged, transported to the linear / rotary drive.
  • a disadvantage of the DE 196 33 934 A1 known horizontal drilling is, however, that for this exact alignment of the excavated excavation is required because the direction in which the bore is started starting from the horizontal drilling, is substantially perpendicular to the two narrow sides of the excavation.
  • the horizontal drilling device of DE 196 33 934 A1 can be carried out starting from an excavation also only two holes in the opposite direction, namely in the two directions that are perpendicular to the two narrow sides of the pit. In order to drill in the two directions, it is necessary to lift the entire horizontal drilling device out of the excavation, to rotate 180 ° about the vertical axis and then release it back into the excavation.
  • the present invention seeks to provide an improved horizontal drilling. Furthermore, an improved method for introducing a hole in the soil should be given. In particular, a method and a corresponding horizontal drilling device should be specified, which / allows you to introduce from a relatively small excavation horizontal wells flexible in the soil.
  • the idea underlying the invention is to provide a horizontal drilling device having a circular cross-section, and to use these in an excavation, which also has a circular cross section with preferably approximately the same diameter.
  • the horizontal boring device can be rotated in the excavation around the vertical axis and thus aligned in a simple manner exactly in the desired drilling direction. It is not necessary to lift the horizontal drilling device out of the excavation pit. Special requirements for the alignment of the excavation in the soil thus omitted due to the circular cross-section.
  • the excavation pit and the section of the horizontal boring device located within the construction pit each have a circular cross section with largely identical diameters
  • the excavation volume of the excavation pit can be reduced to the required minimum.
  • a cylindrical shape of the horizontal drilling device and the surrounding wall of the excavation also a particularly large-scale support of the horizontal drilling can be achieved within the pit and this regardless of the respective rotational orientation of the horizontal drilling in the pit.
  • the horizontal drilling device comprises a linkage pin which is provided with a linkage which transports a linkage of the drill string between the surface section and the pit section. This can be done in both directions, i. during the creation of a (pilot) bore, the rod sections are transported successively from the surface section to the linear drive within the pit section of the horizontal drilling device, while retracting the drill string from an already created bore, for example when it is expanded and / or a new line is retracted, the individual, released from the drill string rod sections transported by means of the linkage pin from the linear drive to the surface portion where they can be removed either by an operator or an automated linkage acquisition.
  • a transfer of the rod section from the linkage pin to the linear drive takes place by means of a receiving mandrel, which is arranged so that the rod section is plugged directly from the linkage pin after reaching the target position of the linkage pickup.
  • rod sections can be used, which are at least partially hollow.
  • the mandrel is pivotable to allow the attachment of the rod linkage transported by the linkage pin also in a substantially vertical orientation. After attaching the rod assembly, the receiving mandrel is then pivoted in a substantially horizontal, the drilling direction corresponding alignment.
  • the production of the horizontal bore can be done in any known manner, i. E. in particular by the propulsion or the retraction of a drill string, on the front of a drill head or a widening device can be arranged, whereby for example either a (pilot) hole is introduced into the ground, destroyed an existing old line and / or replaced by a new line or a Neutechnisch is drafted into a hole.
  • the term "producing” or “producing a horizontal bore in the ground” is understood to mean all the methods of trenchless line rehabilitation mentioned at the outset, and thus not merely the creation of a (pilot) bore per se, but also that Expanding a hole, inserting a new pipe into a hole, and rupturing or pulling out an old pipe.
  • a horizontal drilling device in particular for use in a method according to the invention, has at least one linear drive and a drill pipe which can be driven into or pulled out of the ground by the linear drive.
  • a housing is additionally provided which largely or completely surrounds the linear drive and which in at least that portion with which this in the operating state of the Horizontalbohrvorides, i. when the linear drive drives the drill pipe into the soil or pulls out of it, is arranged within an excavation (pit section), at least partially has a circular portion and in particular is cylindrical.
  • the housing of the horizontal drilling device is preferably dimensioned so that it determines the outer dimension of the horizontal drilling device at least in the pit section.
  • the housing surrounds the remaining components of a horizontal drilling device, such as in particular the linear and optionally a rotary drive and is intended for a concern on a wall of a pit to support the forces applied by the horizontal drilling in the ground.
  • a housing may be open or closed.
  • An open housing may for example consist of a framework or truss.
  • the method according to the invention can be created in a simple manner horizontal wells also from excavations with very small dimensions and especially those in which no operators can stop to operate the horizontal drilling, out.
  • the method according to the invention is suitable for creating horizontal boreholes in the ground from excavation pits whose maximum diameter is about 85 cm and in particular about 60 cm or less.
  • a diameter of about 60 cm can be a good compromise, since on the one hand the size of the pit is relatively small and thereby keep the ground damage within limits, but at the same time within the housing of the horizontal drilling still sufficient space for the arrangement of a sufficiently powerful linear - And / or rotary drive remains.
  • diameters of the excavation of greater than 85 cm the cost of producing a pit with a circular cross section can be so large that it can not be compensated by the advantages of the method according to the invention.
  • An excavation pit with a circular cross-section can not or only at great expense by means of a conventional excavator or manually created. This is especially true for small excavations with diameters of up to about 60 cm, according to the invention should preferably be provided.
  • a surface seal such as a tar or asphalt surface, drilled with a conventional crown drill and the underlying soil is sucked by a conventional suction drill , In this way, relatively small (more or less geometrically accurate) cylindrical holes can be introduced into the soil.
  • the housing forms a substantially closed jacket in the pit section of the horizontal drilling device according to the invention. This can largely be prevented that soil from the pit walls falls into the interior of the housing and the functional elements arranged there, such as in particular the linear and rotary drive, etc. dirty.
  • a large support surface can be achieved by a largely closed shell, whereby the stability of the horizontal drilling can be increased within the pit.
  • substantially closed jacket a jacket which covers the corresponding portion of the housing to a large extent and in particular has only recesses or openings, which are required for the function of the drilling device. Such a recess or opening is required, for example, for the passage of the drill string.
  • the support member may be moved radially outward from a retracted position in which it is disposed within the dimensions defined by the housing to securely position the horizontal drilling apparatus in a trench.
  • more than one support element and in particular at least two, three, four or five support elements are provided, which are arranged spaced apart in a defined, preferably uniform pitch and also preferably can be extended individually.
  • the horizontal drilling device according to the invention can not only be securely supported in the excavation pit, but at the same time be aligned in its position (alignment of the longitudinal axis of the housing, corresponds to the vertical axis of the horizontal drilling device during operation).
  • the support element has a support plate which forms a section of the jacket.
  • the horizontal boring device in the corresponding section forms a largely closed cylindrical shell when the one or more supporting elements are positioned in a retracted position; on the other hand, the support plate as a section of the shell on a curved shape, which is similar in radius to the radius of the arcuate wall of the excavation, so that a uniform and secure support can be achieved when the support element is extended radially.
  • the horizontal drilling device according to the invention has a section (surface section) which is located in the operating state above the excavation.
  • this section of the horizontal drilling device there may be the functional elements that should or must be accessible by an operator in order to operate the horizontal drilling device.
  • the surface portion of the horizontal boring device may further comprise a supporting device via which the horizontal boring device is supported on the earth's surface. About this horizontal drilling device can thus be stored suspended within the pit.
  • this support device can be designed to be adjustable in order to enable a height positioning of the horizontal drilling device in the excavation.
  • a simple and flexible (because easily changeable) height positioning of the horizontal drilling device according to the invention (or the pit portion of the horizontal drilling device) can be achieved within the excavation.
  • a suitable for the support of the horizontal drilling device i. level and aligned in the correct angle to the horizontal ground of the pit must be provided. As a result, the effort for the introduction of the excavation can be reduced.
  • both the cylindrical excavation pit and the correspondingly dimensioned horizontal boring device can preferably have a small diameter
  • the linear drive arranged inside the pit section of the horizontal boring device can be supplied with rod sections successively from the earth's surface, which can then be connected to one another to form the drill string.
  • the linkage pin has a boom support into which a rod section can be inserted from the side.
  • a boom support allows easy accessibility from the side by the operator and at the same time ensures a secure hold during transport of the rod assembly (along a vertically oriented linkage pin).
  • a transfer of the rod assembly from the linkage to the linear drive can preferably take place by means of a receiving mandrel which is arranged such that the rod assembly is attached directly to the linkage after reaching the target position of the rod holder becomes.
  • the rod sections preferably have a length which is only as short as possible shorter than the diameter of the housing in the pit section of the horizontal drilling device.
  • the Fig. 1 shows in an isometric view of a horizontal drilling device 1 according to the invention when introducing a pilot hole in the ground.
  • the horizontal drilling device comprises a cylindrical housing 2, which is partially closed by a cylindrical jacket 3. Functionally, the horizontal boring device 1 or the housing 2 of the horizontal boring device 1 is subdivided into two sections, namely a lower section called a "pit section", which is located inside a excavation pit 4 specially excavated for receiving the horizontal boring device 1.
  • the housing 2 In the pit section of the horizontal drilling device 1, the housing 2 is substantially completely closed by the jacket 3. This prevents soil from falling off the wall of the excavation 4 from falling into the cavity formed by the housing 2, where further functional elements of the horizontal boring device 1 and in particular a combined linear / rotary drive 5 are located. Otherwise, soil falling into the cavity could contaminate these functional elements, which could impair the function of the horizontal drilling apparatus 1.
  • the housing 2 is partially open in order to give an operator access to a linkage pin 6 extending into this area.
  • the horizontal drilling device 1 is positioned "suspended" within the excavation 4, that is, this is not supported on the bottom of the excavation 4, but rather on a support device with a total of three support legs 7, in the region of the surface portion of the horizontal drilling device 1 on side members 8 of the housing 2 are attached.
  • Each of the support legs 7 can be attached to the respective side member 8 at a total of five different positions.
  • a height adjustment of the suspended in the excavation 4 horizontal drilling 1 done. This height adjustment is important, for example, to position the located within the pit section linear / rotary drive 5 on the right for the introduction of the pilot hole in the ground height.
  • Each of the support legs 7 further comprises a spindle support, which is connected via a rotary joint with the cross member 10 of the respective support leg 7.
  • the spindle support comprises a threaded rod 11 which has a support leg 12 at its foot end.
  • a handle 13 is provided, via which the threaded rod 11 can be rotated about its longitudinal axis, whereby a longitudinal displacement relative to the threaded rod surrounding the spindle housing 14 is achieved.
  • the spindle supports serve to align the horizontal drilling device 1 within the pit 4 exactly after a first height positioning has already been achieved by the attachment of the support legs 7 to the side rails 8 of the housing 2.
  • the excavation 4 - as well as the housing 2 of the horizontal drilling device 1 - has a cylindrical shape whose inner diameter also corresponds substantially to the outer diameter of the housing 2 of the horizontal drilling device.
  • the casing 3 of the horizontal drilling device 1 in the region of the pit section thus lies more or less directly against the wall of the excavation pit 4. Due to the extensive agreement of the inner diameter of the excavation 4 and the outer diameter of the housing 2, not only the size of the excavation pit 4 to be excavated can be kept to a minimum, but it can be achieved within the excavation 4 as large as possible and homogeneous support of the horizontal drilling 1. Due to the circular cross-section of the excavation 4 and the housing 2, the support is also independent of the respective rotational orientation (about the longitudinal axis of the horizontal drilling).
  • the excavation 4 was excavated by first with a crown drill (not shown), an annular groove with the required (outer) diameter in the surface seal (asphalt surface) was introduced, which removes dislodged disc-shaped asphalt cover and then the underlying soil by means of a Suction dredger (not shown) was sucked.
  • the suction dredger used for this purpose comprises a suction nozzle, which likewise has a circular cross section.
  • the excavation 4 is excavated slightly lower than necessary in order to allow a height adjustment of the suspended horizontal drilling device 1 within the excavation 4, without causing an accidental placement of the lower end of the horizontal drilling 1 on the pit floor.
  • the horizontal drilling 1 was lowered by means of a crane (not shown) in the pit 4 until the previously secured to the side rails 8 of the housing 2 support legs 7 have contact with the earth's surface. With the help of the crane horizontal drilling device 1 was then still rotationally aligned within the excavation by these far enough about their longitudinal axis is rotated until the of the arranged within the pit portion of the horizontal drilling device 1 linear / rotary drive defined drilling axis in the desired starting direction for the pilot hole. On the spindle supports then a fine adjustment of the working height of the horizontal drilling device 1 and within limits of the inclination of the horizontal drilling device 1 with respect to the vertical could be achieved.
  • the horizontal boring device 1 Since the wall of the excavation 4 - in particular when it was excavated by means of a suction dredger - is not uniformly cylindrical, the horizontal boring device 1 according to the invention has in the region of the excavation section a total of four support elements 15 distributed uniformly over the circumference. These support elements 15 comprise support plates 16, which in a retracted position in each case form a section of the cylindrical jacket 3 of the horizontal drilling device. The support plates 16 can be deflected outwards in the radial direction by means of a hydraulic cylinder 17 in order to produce a direct contact of the horizontal drilling device 1 with the wall of the excavation 4 in order to safely support it within the excavation 4.
  • Each of the support plates 16 is connected via a first pivot 18 to a first end of a Auslenkhebels 19, which in turn is rotatably supported by a second pivot joint 21 on the housing 2 of the horizontal drilling device 1.
  • a second end of the Auslenkhebels 19 is connected to the head of a piston rod 20 of the hydraulic cylinder 17.
  • a extension and retraction of the hydraulic cylinder 17 thus causes a partial rotation of the Auslenkhebels 19 about the pivot 21, whereby the respective support plate 16 can be deflected radially or withdrawn.
  • End stops 22 prevent the support plate 16 when retracting the hydraulic cylinder 17 penetrates into the interior defined by the shell of the housing.
  • the Fig. 2 shows one of the Fig. 1 corresponding representation of the entire horizontal drilling device 1, but in which a part of the shell 3 is removed in the pit section to make visible the functional elements arranged therein.
  • Fig. 3 to 5 show various views of this portion of the horizontal drilling device 1 in enlarged views. It can be seen that the combined linear / rotary drive 5 is arranged at the lower end of the horizontal drilling device 1 within the housing 2. This serves to propel a composite of individual rod sections 23 drill pipe 24 rotating in the soil.
  • the Fig. 6 shows a partial section through the linear / rotary drive 5 in an isolated from the other elements of the horizontal drilling device 1 representation.
  • the linear drive is formed by two hydraulic cylinders 25.
  • the piston rods 26 of the two hydraulic cylinders 25 pass through the respective cylinder tube 27 completely and are connected at their two ends to the housing 2 of the horizontal drilling device 1.
  • the piston rods 26 each have a centrally disposed piston (not shown), which divides the respectively formed between the cylinder tube 27 and the piston rod 26 annular space into two working chambers, which can be supplied via a hydraulic line 66 with the hydraulic oil.
  • a movement of the respective cylinder tube 27 on the piston rod 26 in one or the other direction is achieved.
  • the movement of the two hydraulic cylinders 25 of the linear drive is synchronized.
  • a rotary drive is arranged between the two cylinder tubes 27 of the linear drive forming hydraulic cylinder 25 and secured thereto.
  • the rotary drive comprises a flange-mounted on a hollow gear 28 motor 29 (in particular a hydraulic or an electric motor).
  • a drive shaft 30 of the motor 29 is connected to a bevel gear 31, which in turn meshes with a toothed ring 32, which in turn is connected via screw 33 with a drive sleeve 34.
  • the drive sleeve 34 is rotatably supported by two roller bearings 35 within a housing 36 of the hollow gear 28. A rotation of the drive shaft 30 of the motor 29 thus causes a rotation of the drive sleeve 34 about its longitudinal axis.
  • This longitudinal axis substantially corresponds to the longitudinal axis of the drill pipe 24 held therein and consequently also the drilling axis, i. the starting direction of a pilot hole to be introduced or the longitudinal axis of an opening in the wall of the excavation 4 hole or an old pipe.
  • a drive ring 37 For transmitting the rotational movement of the drive sleeve 34 and the longitudinal movement generated by the hydraulic cylinders 25 of the linear drive on the drill pipe 34 held in the drill pipe 24 is a drive ring 37 which - fixed in an operating position of the drill string 24 within the driver ring 37 - the drill string 24 positively.
  • the driving ring 37 is mounted in a form-fitting manner within the drive sleeve 34 and can be exchanged in a simple manner by first removes a snap ring 63 from a corresponding groove in the inside of the drive sleeve 34 and then a spacer ring 64 is pulled out of the drive sleeve. The driver ring 37 can then be easily pulled out of the drive sleeve 34.
  • the Fig. 9a and 9b 10a and 10b show, in two views in each case, the two operating positions of the drill pipe 24 within the driver ring 37 relevant to the operation of the horizontal drilling apparatus 1. These two operating positions differ by a 90 ° relative rotation of the driver ring 37 about its longitudinal axis relative to the drill string 24.
  • the drill pipe 24 is locked in the drive ring. This locking is achieved by the special shell shape of the rod sections 23 of the drill string 24 and a shape adapted thereto of the central opening of the driver ring 37.
  • Each rod assembly 23 of the drill string 24 has a cylindrical basic shape with a relatively small diameter central portion 38 and two relatively large diameter end portions 39a, 39b.
  • two parallel flats 40 are provided, resulting in a cross section with two parallel straight sides and two opposite arcuate sides.
  • the driving ring 37 forms a passage opening corresponding to this cross section, so that it is possible, provided the driving ring 37 and the rod section 23 guided therein in the in the 10a and 10b Rotational alignment shown are arranged to each other, the rod section 23 to be inserted into the through hole of the cam ring 37 and free to move (in the longitudinal direction).
  • cams 42 are formed whose distance is greater than the narrow width (corresponding to the distance between the two straight edges of the through hole of the driving ring) of the through hole of the cam ring 37. These cams 42 strike in the in the Fig. 9a and 9b illustrated locking position at the edges of the driving ring 37 and thus prevent further rotation (clockwise).
  • the middle section 38 of each rod section 23 has a reduced outside diameter so as to reduce (defined) one end section 39a, 39b. To achieve flexural rigidity. This should enable the use of a controllable inclined drilling head. By reversing the drill head 43 in the ground, a sectionally arcuate bore profile is achieved. The drill string 24 must adapt to this arcuate bore profile, which leads to a corresponding bending stress.
  • the reduced diameter and thus relative to the end portions 39a, 39b relatively flexible middle section 38 of each rod section 23 serves to keep the rod assembly 23 altogether pliable, while at the same time the end portions 39a, 39b, which are particularly vulnerable to breakage due to the threads, stiff perform.
  • an automated linkage supply is provided, which consists of a rod holder 44, which is arranged at the height of the linear / rotary drive 5, and the linkage pin 6.
  • the rod receiver 44 is in the overall view of Fig. 4 and 5 as well as isolated in the representations of the Fig. 7a, 7b . 8a and 8b shown.
  • the central element of the boom support 44 is a receiving mandrel 45, which is mounted in a bridge 46 which is connected to the cylinder tubes 47 of two further hydraulic cylinders 48.
  • Also in the hydraulic cylinders 48 are those in which the piston rod 49 protrudes from both sides of the cylinder tube 47.
  • the two free ends of the two piston rods 49 are connected to the housing 2 of the horizontal drilling device 1, so that by a corresponding pressurization of the hydraulic cylinder 48 with hydraulic oil, the cylinder tubes 47 can be moved on the stationary piston rods 49 and consequently the boom support 44 in the horizontal direction.
  • the receiving mandrel 45 of the boom receptacle 44 is pivotally mounted within the bridge 46 about a horizontal axis, wherein a pivoting between the two in the Fig. 7a, 7b on the one hand and 8a, 8b on the other hand shown end positions is possible.
  • the pivoting is achieved via a further hydraulic cylinder 50, which is supplied via corresponding hydraulic connections 65 with a hydraulic oil.
  • a receiving carriage 52 which can receive a rod section 23, slidably guided, wherein the receiving carriage 52 is fixed to a run of a drive belt 53 which extends outside of the guide rail 51 and parallel thereto.
  • An upper drive roller of the drive belt 53 is connected to a motor (not shown) for driving the same.
  • a lower guide roller 54 is mounted on an axle 55, which is guided at its two ends on a respective threaded rod 56 and in a respective groove 57. By rotating the threaded rods 56, the vertical position of the lower guide roller 54 can be changed to tension the drive belt 53.
  • the receiving carriage 52 By means of the drive belt 53, the receiving carriage 52 can be moved up and down within the guide rail 51. In this way, a boom section 23, which is used by an operator in a loading station 58 in the surface portion of the horizontal drilling device 1, to the boom support 44 in the pit section - and vice versa - be transported.
  • the Fig. 11 shows in an isolated view of the boom receptacle 44 and the lower part of the linkage pin 6 including the receiving carriage 52, in which a rod section 23 is held.
  • the receiving carriage 52 forms a passage opening into which the rod section 23 can be inserted by the operator in the region of the loading station 58 from the side.
  • the inserted rod assembly 23 is suspended, ie two pairs of projections 59 each form a clearance which is only slightly wider than the diameter of the central portion 38 and narrower than the wider side of the end portions 39a, 39b of the rod section 23 ,
  • One of the projection pairs engages in the locking grooves 41 of the front end portion 39 a, while the second projection pair engages in the central portion 38 of the rod section 23.
  • rod assembly 23 is mounted on the vertically oriented receiving mandrel 45 (see. Fig. 5 [Holding slide not shown] and 8a, 8b).
  • the mandrel is then 90 ° in the in the Fig. 4 and 7a, 7b shown horizontal operating position pivoted, whereby the rod assembly 23 is pivoted out of the receiving carriage 52 in the lateral direction.
  • the receiving carriage 52 can then be moved back to the loading station 58, so that a further rod section 23 can be used.
  • the horizontal drilling apparatus 1 is designed to carry out scavenging bores, i. the drilling head 43 arranged on the front side of the drill pipe 24 is supplied via the drill string 24 with a drilling fluid which emerges through front and side outlet openings.
  • the individual rod sections 23 of the drill string 24 are designed to be hollow throughout.
  • the drilling fluid is supplied to the drill pipe 24 via the mandrel 45, which is also designed to be almost continuous hollow. Only at the rear end, i. the projecting from an attached rod assembly 23 end, this is closed by means of a screw 60.
  • the hollow space formed by the hollow mandrel 45, the drilling fluid is supplied via a likewise hollow shaft on which the receiving mandrel 45 is rotatably mounted.
  • the horizontal drilling device 1 is then lowered into the excavation 4, aligned and supported, as already described.
  • the drill head 43 is drilled as far as possible in the ground. Due to the length of the drill head 43, the drilling is carried out with two strokes of the linear drive; at the first stroke, the cam ring 37 is located at the front end of the two parallel flats, so that the pressure forces are transmitted via the trained there paragraph and the torque on the serving as a key surfaces parallel flats. After the first stroke of the linear drive is moved back so that the driving ring 37 engage in the locking grooves and lock the drill head 43. Then the linear drive is again moved forward by one working stroke, whereby the drill head 43 is completely bored. The rotary drive is then in the example in the Fig. 4 and 5 illustrated foremost position.
  • a provided in the region of the passage opening locking fork (not shown) is then shut down.
  • the fork width of the locking fork corresponds to the distance between the two parallel flats of the drill head 43 and the distance between the two locking grooves.
  • the drill bit 43 was aligned by means of the rotary drive so that the two flats of the end portion are aligned vertically, so that the locking fork can drive over the end portion (in a section in front of the locking grooves) of the drill head 43, whereby rotation of the drill head by means of a positive fixation 43 is temporarily prevented.
  • the operator has already used a first rod section 23 in the receiving carriage 52 and attached it to the receiving mandrel 45 by a method of the linkage pin 6. After a pivoting of the mandrel 45 and the attached thereon rod assembly 23 by 90 ° in its horizontal orientation, the rod assembly 23 is in a largely coaxial position to the already drilled bit 43.
  • the two hydraulic cylinders 48 of the rod holder 44 can then the front Threaded plug of the rod assembly 23 are moved up to the rear threaded bushing of the drill head 43.
  • the drive ring 37 is then released from the locking grooves of the drill head 43 and the linear / rotary drive 5 so far back that it is located in a defined region of the front end portion 39 a of the first rod section 23.
  • the first rod assembly 23 is screwed to the drill head 43 fixed in the direction of rotation by the locking fork, the torque being transmitted via the parallel flats 40.
  • the driving ring 37 is not yet locked in the locking groove 41, the rod section can be displaced relative to the driving ring 37 during screwing in the longitudinal axial direction.
  • the longitudinal movement of the rod section 23 required for screwing the rod section 23 can be realized without a complex length compensation realized by the linear drive.
  • the position of the rotary drive during the screwing is chosen so that the locking grooves 41 of the front end portion 39a are located after the complete screwing of the rod assembly 23 with the drill bit 43 within the driving ring 43, so that this by a 90 ° rotation directly, i. without the need for another method of linear drive, can engage in the locking grooves 41 to fix the rod assembly 23 in the longitudinal direction.
  • the drill string is then drilled so far until the rotary drive has returned to its front end position.
  • the rotary drive is unlocked by a 90 ° rotation (in the opposite direction) of the driver ring and moved back by means of the hydraulic cylinder 25 of the linear drive until the driver ring 37 can engage in the locking grooves 41 of the rear end portion 39b of the first rod section 23; There, the driving ring 37 is locked again by a 90 ° rotation. Then the drill string, consisting of drill head 43 and first rod assembly 23 is driven by the use of the linear / rotary drive 5 by a further working stroke of the linear drive further into the soil.
  • the locking grooves 41 of the front end portion 39a of the first linkage 23 are below the locking fork, which can then be lowered to fix the drill string while the second linkage 23 is bolted to the existing drill string.
  • the second rod section 23 by means of Boom receptacle 44 moved up to the rear end of the first rod section 23.
  • the rotational drive is released from the first linkage 23 and moved backwards so far that it can engage the parallel flats 40 in the front end section 39a of the second linkage section 23.
  • the second rod section 23 is then screwed to the first rod section 23, wherein after completing the screwing of the cam ring 37 is locked again in the locking grooves 41 of the front end portion 39 a of the second rod section and the drill string back to the Reaching the front end position (of the linear drive) is bored.
  • the linear / rotary drive 5 is then released by a 90 ° relative rotation of the driving ring 37 of the second rod section 23 and moved back to lock the second rod section 23 in the rear end portion 39b and the drill string to another working stroke in to drive the soil.
  • the locking fork always engages in the locking grooves 41 of the rod sections 23 in order to secure this or the drill string not only rotationally but also against longitudinal movement. As a result, it is possible to prevent the drill string from shifting unintentionally due to elastic re-deformations of the compressed soil and of the drill string compressed or stretched by the loads.
  • the preparation and Verbohren further rod sections 23 is then carried out in an identical manner.
  • pilot bore After the pilot bore has been completed, it may be provided to replace the drill head 43 by a widening device (not shown) to widen the bore during retraction of the drill string.
  • a neural tube (not shown) or other supply line (not shown) may be attached to the expander head, which is retracted into the bore simultaneously with the expander.
  • the driving ring 37 of the rotary drive is locked in the locking grooves 41 of the rear end portion 39 b of the last rod section 23.
  • the rotary drive is moved by a process of the hydraulic cylinder 25 of the linear drive to the rear.
  • the locking fork is then moved down and fixes the penultimate rod assembly 23 by this in the locking grooves 41 of the rear end portion 39 b of this rod section 23 engages.
  • the linear / rotary drive is then released by a 90 ° rotation of the driving ring of the rod section 23 and moved forward again until the driving ring 37 can engage in the locking grooves of the front end portion 39a of the last rod section 23.
  • the drill string 24 is pulled out of the ground so far that the locking fork can lock the penultimate rod section 23 in the front end portion 39a. Then the last rod section 23 can be unscrewed from the penultimate rod section 23 by a rotation of the drive sleeve 34 in the counterclockwise direction. Due to the particular shape of the rod section in the region of the end sections, a torque for releasing the threaded connection can be transmitted without the carrier ring 37 being fixed in the locking groove 41 also in the longitudinal axial direction. This allows the driving ring 37 slide when unscrewing the rod assembly 23 according to the thread pitch over the rod section, whereby a length compensation on the linear drive can be avoided.
  • the horizontal drilling device shown is particularly suitable for use in inner city areas and in particular for the creation of domestic connections in the supply area (in particular gas, water, electricity, glass fiber, etc.). Drill holes of up to 20 meters in length can be drilled and used to retract pipes or cables with an outside diameter of up to 63 mm.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)

Claims (11)

  1. Procédé de réalisation d'un forage horizontal dans le sol, incluant les étapes consistant à :
    a) ménager une excavation (4) de section transversale circulaire ;
    b) descendre un dispositif (1) de forage horizontal dans l'excavation (4), ledit dispositif (1) de forage horizontal présentant partiellement une section transversale circulaire, au moins dans la région qu'il occupe dans ladite excavation (4) à l'issue de la descente ;
    c) pratiquer le forage horizontal en utilisant ledit dispositif (1) de forage horizontal, caractérisé par
    d) transporter d'un segment (23) d'une tringlerie de forage entre une zone située en surface et une zone située côté excavation, au moyen d'un ascenseur à tringleries, sachant qu'en vue du transport, ledit segment (23) de la tringlerie est directement emboîté, par ledit ascenseur à tringleries, sur un mandrin de réception (45) disposé dans la région d'un entraînement linéaire, et que ledit mandrin de réception (45) est amené, par pivotement, à une position de forage essentiellement horizontale à partir d'une position de transport essentiellement verticale.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que l'excavation (4) est ménagée avec un diamètre ≤ 85 cm, notamment ≤ 60 cm.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé par le fait que l'excavation (4) est ménagée par percement d'une étanchéification de surface à l'aide d'une couronne de carottage, et/ou par aspiration du sol.
  4. Dispositif de forage horizontal conçu pour être utilisé dans un procédé conforme à l'une des revendications précédentes, comprenant un entraînement linéaire et une tringlerie de forage (24) pouvant être enfoncée dans le sol par ledit entraînement linéaire, ledit dispositif de forage horizontal incluant, par ailleurs, un carter (2) qui entoure l'entraînement linéaire et est au moins partiellement de réalisation cylindrique, au moins dans la partie par laquelle, en service, ledit carter est logé à l'intérieur d'une excavation (4), dans la zone située côté excavation, caractérisé par un ascenseur (6) à tringleries, qui transporte un segment (23) de la tringlerie de forage entre la zone située côté excavation et une partie du carter (2) disposée, en service, au-dessus de l'excavation (4) dans la zone située en surface ; et par un mandrin de réception (45) disposé dans la région dudit entraînement linéaire, et sur lequel ledit segment (23) de la tringlerie peut être directement emboîté par ledit ascenseur (6) à tringleries, ledit mandrin de réception (45) pouvant être amené, par pivotement, à une position de forage essentiellement horizontale à partir d'une position de transport essentiellement verticale.
  5. Dispositif de forage horizontal selon la revendication 4, caractérisé par le fait que le carter (2) matérialise une enveloppe (3) majoritairement fermée dans la zone située côté excavation.
  6. Dispositif de forage horizontal selon la revendication 4 ou 5, caractérisé par au moins un élément d'appui (15) pouvant être déplacé au-dessus du pourtour extérieur du carter (2), dans le sens radial, afin de procurer un appui audit dispositif (1) de forage horizontal contre la paroi de l'excavation (4).
  7. Dispositif de forage horizontal selon la revendication 6, caractérisé par au moins deux et, de préférence, trois, quatre ou cinq éléments d'appui (15) qui sont agencés avec répartition sur le pourtour du carter (2) et peuvent être déplacés individuellement, ou par groupes.
  8. Dispositif de forage horizontal selon les revendications 6 et 7, caractérisé par le fait que les éléments d'appui (15) sont respectivement pourvus d'une plaque d'appui (16) formant une partie constitutive de l'enveloppe (3).
  9. Dispositif de forage horizontal selon l'une des revendications 4 à 8, caractérisé par au moins un dispositif d'appui, conçu pour procurer un appui audit dispositif (1) de forage horizontal sur la surface du sol.
  10. Dispositif de forage horizontal selon la revendication 9, caractérisé par le fait que le dispositif d'appui est de réalisation réglable, en vue de permettre un positionnement en hauteur dudit dispositif (1) de forage horizontal dans l'excavation (4).
  11. Dispositif de forage horizontal selon l'une des revendications 4 à 10, caractérisé par le fait que l'ascenseur (6) à tringleries présente un logement de tringleries, dans lequel le segment (23) de la tringlerie peut être emboîté par le côté.
EP11714931.0A 2010-03-31 2011-03-31 Procédé de réalisation d'un forage horizontal dans le sol et dispositif de forage horizontal Active EP2553201B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL11714931T PL2553201T3 (pl) 2010-03-31 2011-03-31 Sposób wykonywania poziomego otworu wiertniczego w gruncie i wiertnica pozioma
EP13005268.1A EP2728104B1 (fr) 2010-03-31 2011-03-31 Procédé de réalisation d'un forage horizontal dans le sol et dispositif de forage horizontal
PL13005268T PL2728104T3 (pl) 2010-03-31 2011-03-31 Sposób wykonania otworu horyzontalnego w gruncie i horyzontalne urządzenie wiertnicze

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102010013725A DE102010013725A1 (de) 2010-03-31 2010-03-31 Verfahren zum Erstellen einer Horizontalbohrung im Erdreich und Horizontalbohrvorrichtung
PCT/EP2011/001612 WO2011120692A2 (fr) 2010-03-31 2011-03-31 Procédé de réalisation d'un forage horizontal dans le sol et dispositif de forage horizontal

Related Child Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP13005268.1A Division EP2728104B1 (fr) 2010-03-31 2011-03-31 Procédé de réalisation d'un forage horizontal dans le sol et dispositif de forage horizontal
EP13005268.1A Division-Into EP2728104B1 (fr) 2010-03-31 2011-03-31 Procédé de réalisation d'un forage horizontal dans le sol et dispositif de forage horizontal

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EP2553201A2 EP2553201A2 (fr) 2013-02-06
EP2553201B1 true EP2553201B1 (fr) 2014-12-17

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US (1) US9523240B2 (fr)
EP (2) EP2728104B1 (fr)
JP (2) JP5931047B2 (fr)
CN (1) CN102985634B (fr)
DE (1) DE102010013725A1 (fr)
ES (2) ES2533401T3 (fr)
PL (2) PL2728104T3 (fr)
WO (1) WO2011120692A2 (fr)

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CN101755498B (zh) 2007-07-18 2016-09-28 马维尔国际贸易有限公司 一种无线网络和客户站
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US9088466B2 (en) 2009-07-23 2015-07-21 Marvell World Trade Ltd. Coexistence of a normal-rate physical layer and a low-rate physical layer in a wireless network
DE102010013724B4 (de) 2010-03-31 2015-09-24 Gdf Suez Horizontalbohrvorrichtung
DE102010013723A1 (de) 2010-03-31 2011-10-06 Gdf Suez Verfahren zum Betrieb einer Horizontalbohrvorrichtung und Horizontalbohrvorrichtung
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Publication number Publication date
JP2013524048A (ja) 2013-06-17
CN102985634A (zh) 2013-03-20
WO2011120692A3 (fr) 2013-01-03
EP2728104A1 (fr) 2014-05-07
EP2553201A2 (fr) 2013-02-06
US9523240B2 (en) 2016-12-20
ES2784298T3 (es) 2020-09-24
EP2728104B1 (fr) 2020-03-11
WO2011120692A2 (fr) 2011-10-06
JP5931047B2 (ja) 2016-06-08
ES2533401T3 (es) 2015-04-09
PL2553201T3 (pl) 2015-05-29
PL2728104T3 (pl) 2020-07-27
JP6257663B2 (ja) 2018-01-10
US20130199851A1 (en) 2013-08-08
CN102985634B (zh) 2015-11-25
DE102010013725A1 (de) 2011-10-06
JP2016075151A (ja) 2016-05-12

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