EP2544177A2 - Absorbeur acoustique en paille mécanique souple - Google Patents

Absorbeur acoustique en paille mécanique souple Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2544177A2
EP2544177A2 EP12175285A EP12175285A EP2544177A2 EP 2544177 A2 EP2544177 A2 EP 2544177A2 EP 12175285 A EP12175285 A EP 12175285A EP 12175285 A EP12175285 A EP 12175285A EP 2544177 A2 EP2544177 A2 EP 2544177A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
elements
widening
sound absorber
absorber according
connecting elements
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP12175285A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2544177A3 (fr
Inventor
Philip Leistner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Forderung der Angewandten Forschung eV
Original Assignee
Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Forderung der Angewandten Forschung eV
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Publication of EP2544177A2 publication Critical patent/EP2544177A2/fr
Publication of EP2544177A3 publication Critical patent/EP2544177A3/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/172—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using resonance effects

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a sound absorber in the manner of a microperforated absorber in which a microperforated surface is arranged at a distance in front of a wall. Between the microperforated surface and the wall is an air space. Impact sound waves cause the volume of air in the small openings of the surface to vibrate. The air space between the microperforated surface and the wall can serve as a spring for the vibration of the air volume in the openings. This can be done a damping of this vibration.
  • a group of sound absorbers which is essential for practical application consists of acoustically permeable fabrics, eg tissue, microperforated panels and foils, and a back volume formed by spacers [Fuchs, H .: Sound Absorber and Silencer, Fasold, W., Veres, E .: Bauphysikalische Designeslehre . DE 4315759 . DE 4437196 ] as in Fig. 1 shown.
  • the embodiments of this principle are very diverse and adapted to different usage requirements. In addition to the task of providing micro-perforated materials at a low price, two difficulties remain unsolved to date.
  • a sound wave absorption element which has pixels which are applied to a surface, eg rear wall.
  • Several of these pixels with different size and shape can be arranged side by side and one above the other, so that cavities emerge in the manner of gussets, in which sound waves can penetrate.
  • the sound penetrates the sound wave absorption element.
  • friction and resonance effects occur, which should lead to the total absorption.
  • this element corresponds to the genus of the porous porous Sound absorbers.
  • a device in which in front of a surface (rear wall) at least one further surface is mounted vibrationally, which consists of a viscoelastic layer, characterized by modulus of elasticity and mechanical loss factor, between two rigid layers. Impact sound waves cause the resulting, mechanically oscillating structure to vibrate (bending) as a result of which incident sound waves are damped.
  • vibrationally which consists of a viscoelastic layer, characterized by modulus of elasticity and mechanical loss factor, between two rigid layers.
  • Impact sound waves cause the resulting, mechanically oscillating structure to vibrate (bending) as a result of which incident sound waves are damped.
  • Several of these structures can be mounted separately from each other in front of a surface in order to tune the elastic resonance vibrations to different frequencies, for example broadband.
  • This device corresponds to a combination of known mass-spring absorbers and plate vibrators and is a special feature of the geometric design.
  • a mechanically robust and shapable sound absorber which is easy to produce and acts acoustically like a layer sequence of fabrics with one or more intervening spacings.
  • a structure that allows easy production and installation of large-sized modules as possible.
  • an easily cleanable sound absorber should be provided.
  • a sound absorber with a plurality of connecting elements and widening elements is proposed.
  • the widening elements are arranged or can be arranged by means of the connecting elements in a respective desired distance from a flat element.
  • the widening elements and the spaces left between the widening elements of adjacent connecting elements form an arrangement with the acoustic effect of a microperforated plate.
  • Between Broadening elements and the planar element forms an air space with the acoustic effect of a spring.
  • An incident sound wave can thus stimulate the air mass in the interspaces to oscillate in front of the airspace.
  • the air in the air space serves as a spring for the vibrations. Friction dampens these vibrations.
  • a sound absorber is created which can attenuate sound waves striking a microperforated absorber known from the prior art.
  • the cross-sections of the interspaces must have an extension of a few mm, as is the case with microperforated openings.
  • This arrangement differs from the initially described arrangement DE 10 2009 033 048 A1 , In the DE 10 2009 033 048 A1 The sound enters and is attenuated in the many areas (layers) required for high absorption between the pixels. There is no excitation of the air mass in the interstices, for which the air mass in an air space would serve as a spring. Thus, with the above-described arrangement with the same sound attenuation of the material and space requirements compared to the arrangement according to DE 10 2009 033 048 A1 be reduced. Other features, such as cleanability and cost savings, are essential differentiators.
  • FR 2 238 411 Also opposite the FR 2 238 411 results in a reduced space requirement. Also in the FR 2 238 411 an embodiment is described which has a plurality of connecting elements and widening elements, wherein the widening elements are arranged by means of the connecting elements at a desired distance from a planar element. In the FR 2 238 411 there is no indication that an arrangement with the acoustic effect of a microperforated plate would be formed.
  • the mentioned size of the connecting elements of 150 mm is also contrary to that. Usual orders of magnitude for the openings of a microperforated plate are less than 1 mm, the distances between the openings are for example 20 mm. Other values are possible. Slits 150 mm apart, as in FR 2 238 411 mentioned, but do not lead to an acoustically effective microperforated plate.
  • the arrangement described here is acoustically comparable to a classic microperforated absorber. It is advantageous that it is possible to dispense with the sometimes complicated microperforation.
  • the widening elements could be applied to a film.
  • the connecting elements are located on the side facing away from the film of the widening elements and can be applied there.
  • the connecting elements on the side facing away from the widening elements can be applied to a flat element, such as by gluing.
  • the foil is removed.
  • a number of other production methods are also conceivable.
  • the connecting elements are designed to be mechanically flexible, so that if necessary, a reversible displacement of the connecting and / or widening elements take place and thus improved cleaning can be made possible.
  • the previously known microperforated absorbers can sometimes be poorly cleaned.
  • By appropriately selected mechanically flexible connecting elements it is possible, as the elements of a brush to move the connecting and widening elements laterally so as to increase the distance between adjacent widening elements. This makes it possible a cleaning liquid, eg. As water, if necessary provided with a cleaning additive to bring.
  • the connecting elements are designed in the manner of a straw.
  • stalks of the gap between the widening element and the sheet-like element is only slightly filled. This leaves a large airspace, so that a large volume of air can be present, which can act as an acoustically effective spring as described above.
  • the stalks are mounted in the center of a respective widening element, normally a stalk for a widening element is sufficient. It would also be conceivable to provide several blades for a widening element.
  • An arrangement of a widening element and a connecting element, which is designed as a straw can be easily manufactured by an injection molding process.
  • the connecting elements are designed in the manner of a web.
  • the cross section of widening element and connecting element in this case as a T-profile.
  • the webs do not need to be located in the middle of the widening elements.
  • the widening elements can be designed as flat and / or spherical and / or cone-shaped and / or strip-shaped elements. Acoustically decisive are primarily the spaces between the individual widening elements.
  • the shape of the individual widening elements can also be based on optical desires. It is possible to provide various extension elements in a sound absorber.
  • the widening elements can be designed and arranged such that the remaining intermediate spaces have a slot-shaped cross section. Alternatively, it is also possible to form and arrange the widening elements such that the remaining intermediate spaces have a diamond-shaped or circular cross-section.
  • the acoustic Requirements will be based here on optical requirements and on a simple and thus inexpensive manufacturability.
  • a special aspect here is also the above-described simple cleanability of the sound absorber.
  • the connecting elements and / or widening elements and / or the flat element may be colored and / or coated and / or consist of transparent and / or translucent and / or light-conducting material. In many cases, the elements will not consist solely of this material but will contain it. As already mentioned in another context, acoustical, optical and manufacturing aspects play a role besides the cleanability.
  • an additional acoustic damping can be achieved in which the widening elements consist of porous material, in particular of textile, fibrous, foamed or microperforated material or contain this. It is conceivable here that the frequency range in which the porosity of the broadening elements is acoustically effective and the frequency range in which the pre-established structure of the sound absorber is effective as such differ. Thus, one and the same sound absorber can be effective in different frequency ranges.
  • the connecting elements and the widening elements can be produced in a single operation.
  • the connecting elements and the widening elements consist of the same material.
  • Preferred here is a single operation.
  • the term "one operation" is to be understood broadly not limited to a single operation.
  • the connecting elements and widening elements are produced approximately in an injection molding process and then a desired surface treatment takes place in a chemical bath.
  • connecting elements, widening elements and the planar element can be produced in a single operation.
  • planar element and connecting elements in one operation and then to apply the widening elements in any way.
  • the respective elements which are produced in a single operation are made of the same material.
  • this is not mandatory.
  • an extrusion process could be chosen in which a slightly different material composition is preferably present in the nozzles for the individual elements.
  • the connecting elements and the widening elements are designed so that open tubes or other unilaterally open cavities form like cavity resonators. For example, it may be thought of forming the above-mentioned stalks as internally opened tubes. It is of course necessary that, if appropriate, there is also a corresponding opening in the widening elements. Thus, an additional sound attenuation can be achieved. Of course, this is again a certain contamination of these openings to accept. Since these openings, unlike the spaces between adjacent widening elements, can not be changed in size when mechanically flexible connecting elements are used, there are thus openings, as is usual in the prior art, which can sometimes be poorly cleaned. Depending on the purpose and the size of the openings but this would be acceptable in some cases.
  • the connecting elements and / or widening elements and / or the planar element can be designed to be electrically conductive and / or magnetic, depending on the intended use. In this way, the sound absorber is also used for electromagnetic shielding of the respective room.
  • At least one further level with an arrangement of widening elements is present. Then an air space with the acoustic effect of a spring can form between two planes with an arrangement of widening elements.
  • the connecting elements can connect the widening elements of one level with those of another level.
  • continuous connecting elements can be created, which extend from the planar element in all planes with widening elements.
  • the broadening elements may for example have a bore through which connecting elements are inserted.
  • connecting elements in the manner of a web to provide a one-piece element, comprising the planar element, the connecting elements and a plurality of levels with widening elements, wherein gaps remain between adjacent widening elements.
  • plane must not be construed in a geometrically narrow sense.
  • the sound absorber can be applied to a wall and / or a ceiling.
  • the sheet-like element can be applied to the wall and / or the ceiling.
  • the wall and / or the ceiling form the sheet-like element itself. Acoustically, both are possible, so that the selection should depend mainly on the respective low-cost manufacturability.
  • the aforementioned sound absorber can be used for soundproofing in rooms of buildings and / or vehicles. Furthermore, use in enclosures and / or cabins and / or channels of technical systems and devices is possible.
  • the core of an embodiment of the sound absorber according to the invention are mechanically flexible blades (2) in the manner of thin bristles or stems.
  • the material is based primarily on a permanent, reversible flexibility and dimensional stability, ie both plastics and metals (wires) are suitable. Its length essentially determines the thickness of the sound absorber, ie the depth of the maximum back volume, and is therefore an acoustic design parameter for determining the sound absorption spectrum.
  • the rear end of the mechanically flexible blades (2) is mounted on a rear wall (1). This rear wall (1) in turn is mounted on the room surface, such as the wall or ceiling.
  • the cross section of the blades (2) may be cylindrical or otherwise shaped.
  • One of these widening elements (3) is located at the front, the space-facing end of the blades (2).
  • These front widening elements (3) together form a perforated or slotted surface with micro-openings (4), which acts as the front side of the sound absorber according to the invention.
  • the microholes or micro-slots (4) result from fixed distances between the broadening elements (3).
  • the dimensions of the resulting micro-openings (4) are, in addition to the length of the blades (2), acoustic design parameters for determining the sound absorption spectrum.
  • the widening elements (3) can be used on different materials, such as plastics, metals, with a manufacturing advantage results if the rear wall (1), blades (2) and widening elements (3) consist of a material.
  • cost-effective primary shaping methods for example injection molding, can be used for the sound absorber according to the invention in its entirety. This possibility of producing a complete, ready-to-use component for sound absorption with one production step and one material is so far unique.
  • Shape give individual blades (2) with their widening elements (3) in the case of mechanical stress and then return to their original state. This can be thought of as the behavior of brushes.
  • a deliberate deformation of the blades (2) allows access to the volume behind the front for cleaning purposes, eg for flushing or sucking the back volume.
  • the stalks (2) can be arranged in a regular but also irregular pattern on the rear wall (1).
  • the thickness of the blades (2) and their average number per unit area, eg per square meter, are also variable.
  • Acoustically, the shape and arrangement of the widening elements (3) are decisive. In the case of rectangular widening elements (3), slot-shaped spacings are to be provided between them. If the corners are dulled, diamond-shaped micro-openings (4) are formed, analogously, the penetrations are in the case of wavy widened widening elements (3). In all cases, apart from the dimension of the micro-openings (4), the thickness of the widening elements (3) is an acoustic design parameter consider.
  • each with sound-absorbing properties can be designed the same or different in terms of a layered system depending on the requirements of height and broadband sound absorption. These layers can also be arranged offset behind one another in height steps behind the frontal plane.
  • the broadening elements (3) also consist of widening elements (3) of porous material, for example of textile, fibrous or foamed material. They form a closed, yet sound-absorbing surface to the room with a back volume behind it.
  • the advantage of lesser demands on manufacturing precision is offset by limitations in terms of cleanability.
  • the stems (2) and recesses (3) may be colored or coated. To achieve lighting functions or lighting effects, they can for example consist of transparent, translucent or light-conducting material. Also, in the longitudinal direction of the blades (2) viable embodiment of blades (2) and front widening elements (3) is advantageous if mechanical loads occur in this direction. A production-related simplification pursued with this aim also results if thin, yet flexible webs (7) are used instead of the thin blades (2). In this case, instead of widening elements (3), there are flat strips (8) with slits remaining therebetween on the webs (7) of the unidirectional structure, see Fig. 6 ,

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
EP12175285.1A 2011-07-08 2012-07-06 Absorbeur acoustique en paille mécanique souple Withdrawn EP2544177A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE201110107484 DE102011107484A1 (de) 2011-07-08 2011-07-08 Schallabsorber für eine Wand oder eine Decke

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2544177A2 true EP2544177A2 (fr) 2013-01-09
EP2544177A3 EP2544177A3 (fr) 2016-11-02

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EP12175285.1A Withdrawn EP2544177A3 (fr) 2011-07-08 2012-07-06 Absorbeur acoustique en paille mécanique souple

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EP (1) EP2544177A3 (fr)
DE (1) DE102011107484A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20140027201A1 (en) * 2011-01-31 2014-01-30 Wayne State University Acoustic metamaterials

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102018102141B4 (de) * 2018-01-31 2019-09-26 Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. Plattenförmige Struktur und Verfahren zur Reduzierung der Schallabstrahlung

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2238411A5 (en) 1973-07-20 1975-02-14 France Etat Sound-absorbent wall panel - with thin layer of visco-elastic material between rigid layers
DE4315759C1 (de) 1993-05-11 1994-05-05 Fraunhofer Ges Forschung Schallabsorbierendes Glas- oder transparentes Kunstglasbauteil
DE4437196C1 (de) 1993-05-11 1996-03-07 Fraunhofer Ges Forschung Schallabsorbierendes Glas- oder transparentes Kunstglasbauteil
DE19754107C1 (de) 1997-12-05 1999-02-25 Fraunhofer Ges Forschung Schallabsorber
DE102009033048A1 (de) 2009-07-03 2010-04-15 Daimler Ag Schallwellenabsorptionselement, insbesondere für ein Kraftfahrzeug

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2038410B (en) * 1978-12-27 1982-11-17 Rolls Royce Acoustic lining utilising resonance
DE3345507A1 (de) * 1983-12-16 1985-06-27 Rheinhold & Mahla GmbH, 8000 München Schwingungsdaempfer
US4821841A (en) * 1987-06-16 1989-04-18 Bruce Woodward Sound absorbing structures
DE3807128A1 (de) * 1988-03-04 1989-09-14 Fraunhofer Ges Forschung Schalldaempfendes wandelement
JP2715884B2 (ja) * 1993-12-10 1998-02-18 日東紡績株式会社 透光性吸音体
WO1996011464A1 (fr) * 1994-10-11 1996-04-18 Nitto Boseki Co., Ltd. Corps, panneau et unite pour absorption phonique
DE102005055613A1 (de) * 2005-11-22 2007-05-24 Voith Patent Gmbh Schallschutzwand zur Schallisolierung eines Maschinenraumes, insbesondere einer Papiermaschine
BRPI0910612A2 (pt) * 2008-04-22 2020-08-04 3M Innovative Properties Company folha absorvente de som híbrido, método para absorção de som e absorvedor de som

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2238411A5 (en) 1973-07-20 1975-02-14 France Etat Sound-absorbent wall panel - with thin layer of visco-elastic material between rigid layers
DE4315759C1 (de) 1993-05-11 1994-05-05 Fraunhofer Ges Forschung Schallabsorbierendes Glas- oder transparentes Kunstglasbauteil
DE4437196C1 (de) 1993-05-11 1996-03-07 Fraunhofer Ges Forschung Schallabsorbierendes Glas- oder transparentes Kunstglasbauteil
DE19754107C1 (de) 1997-12-05 1999-02-25 Fraunhofer Ges Forschung Schallabsorber
DE102009033048A1 (de) 2009-07-03 2010-04-15 Daimler Ag Schallwellenabsorptionselement, insbesondere für ein Kraftfahrzeug

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20140027201A1 (en) * 2011-01-31 2014-01-30 Wayne State University Acoustic metamaterials
US9076429B2 (en) * 2011-01-31 2015-07-07 Wayne State University Acoustic metamaterials

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102011107484A1 (de) 2013-01-10
EP2544177A3 (fr) 2016-11-02

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