EP2526557B1 - Electrical contact element with a major axis - Google Patents
Electrical contact element with a major axis Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2526557B1 EP2526557B1 EP11700629.6A EP11700629A EP2526557B1 EP 2526557 B1 EP2526557 B1 EP 2526557B1 EP 11700629 A EP11700629 A EP 11700629A EP 2526557 B1 EP2526557 B1 EP 2526557B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- contact element
- base
- electrical contact
- top surface
- contact
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Not-in-force
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H1/00—Contacts
- H01H1/12—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage
- H01H1/36—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage by sliding
- H01H1/38—Plug-and-socket contacts
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H1/00—Contacts
- H01H1/12—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage
- H01H1/36—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage by sliding
- H01H1/38—Plug-and-socket contacts
- H01H1/385—Contact arrangements for high voltage gas blast circuit breakers
Definitions
- the invention relates to an electrical contact element having a main axis, which pierces a polygonal base of the contact element and arranged around the main axis contact socket, the mouth opening opens into a top surface, which is disposed on a side opposite to the base surface side of the contact element.
- Such an electrical contact element is for example from the US patent US 5,468,164 known.
- the local contact element has a hexagonal base.
- a contact socket of the electrical contact element is arranged around a main axis, which pierces the base of the contact element.
- the contact socket has an opening opening lying in a cover surface, which is arranged on a side of the contact element lying opposite to the base surface.
- the contact element In the area of the base, the contact element has a prismatic shape, which accommodates the hexagonal structure of the base surface and, starting from the straight line extending between the corners, has a corresponding hexagonal lateral surface around the main axis.
- the contact element is designed in two parts, wherein a first part has an external thread and a second part has an internal thread. By means of the threads, the two parts are connected together. In the top surface opens the contact socket. In the lateral surface are next to the in direction the main axis extending edges and sudden discontinuous cross-sectional changes provided.
- the space requirement for the contact arrangement is large due to the radial projection of the funnel-like extended contact socket. Especially with a desired miniaturization, such a large-sized contact arrangement proves to be disadvantageous.
- the object is achieved with an electrical contact element of the type mentioned above in that the cover surface spans over the base surface in a spherically curved manner, while a surface area connecting the base surface and the cover surface merges continuously from the polygonal base surface into the spherical cover surface.
- a polygonal base can be, for example, three, four, five, six or more polygonal.
- the polygonal base should be flat.
- the major axis should extend substantially perpendicular to the base.
- a straight envelope contour of the electrical contact element with substantially perpendicular to each other axes is possible.
- provision can be made, in particular, for the corners of the base area to be broken, in particular rounded in the manner of a circular arc, so that projecting pointed edges are avoided.
- the top surface with the spherical curvature should also be arranged symmetrically to the main axis and span the base as evenly as possible and evenly.
- the spherical curvature should be curved convexly around the mouth opening of the contact socket so that the continuous continuous transition possible from the spherical curvature of the cover surface into the surface surrounding the base surface takes place as continuously as possible.
- an envelope contour can be formed, which is as free as possible of projections and edges. It can be provided that at least one contacting element is arranged in the contact socket of the electrical contact element.
- the contacting element may for example be elastically deformable.
- Such contacting elements may be, for example, contact fingers, annular contact springs, contact blades, etc.
- the contacting elements are completely inside the electrical contact element, ie, disposed within the envelope contour, wherein provided between the contact element and arranged in the contact socket movable contacting an electrically conductive connection is, so that there is a permanent current path within the electrical contact element via the electrically conductive connection to the movable contact elements.
- the electrical contact element with its base body which has the polygonal base surface, the top surface and the lateral surface, itself serve as part of the current path.
- a polygonal base area By choosing a polygonal base area, it is possible, for example, to arrange a plurality of contact elements in the area of the base area closely adjacent to one another. As a result, the power density of an electrical power to be transmitted via adjacent contact elements can be increased. In contrast to commonly used contact elements with rotationally symmetrical envelope contour so gussets can be avoided and available space can be used more effectively.
- a further advantageous embodiment may provide that the lateral surface is at least partially configured on its side facing the base in the manner of a lateral surface of a truncated pyramid and the spherical top surface in the manner of an ellipsoid rounded steadily body edges merges into the lateral surface of the truncated pyramid.
- the envelope contour of the electrical contact piece tapers in the direction of the spherical top surface, even with a close arrangement of several contact elements side by side between them at least in the transition region to the spherical top surface Flow around a cooling medium, such as a gaseous cooling medium done. Current heat can be radiated from the surface of the electrical contact element and continued.
- the base of the contact element for making electrical contact with the contacting element.
- the base can be placed on an electric current path, so that a large area is provided over which a current can pass from the current path into the contact element.
- the current entering the base area can be transmitted by means of the electrically conductive connection via the movable contacting elements arranged inside the contact socket to a contact pin which may have been retracted into the contact socket. Due to the enlarged in relation to contact points of the contacting elements surface occurs at the base area less heating than in the female contact itself.
- the electrical contact arrangement essentially the current heat, which is caused by the contact resistance in the female contact, derive.
- the mouth opening is advantageously surrounded by an annularly rounded structure.
- the ellipsoid is shaped in the manner of a spherical cap, which merges into the lateral surface.
- the mouth opening can be located as a circular opening in the ball cap.
- An eslipsoidal shape deviating from an ideal sphere also allows sufficient dielectric shielding of the orifice.
- a ball cap also has the advantage that in the region of the spherical top surface upon rotation of the contact element about the main axis does not change its dielectric effect on adjacent components.
- the polygonal base surface is removed from the dielectrically shielded region of the mouth opening, so that there advantageous embodiment in the form of a truncated pyramid is. Due to the pyramidal oblique portions of the lateral surface in the region of the base surface of the contact element, a transition into the spherically curved top surface is made possible in a simplified form, since the truncated pyramidal basic shape tapers in the direction of the mouth opening. A continuous transition from the truncated pyramidal basic shape in the spherical top surface is continuously free of sudden surface changes.
- a further advantageous embodiment can provide that the lateral surface is configured on its side facing the base at least partially in the manner of a lateral surface of a prism and the spherical top surface in the manner of an ellipsoid rounded steadily body edges merges into the lateral surface of the prism.
- the ellypsoide cover surface advantageously represents a spherical cap, within which a mouth opening of the contact socket is located.
- the continuous transition into the spherical top surface takes place using sections that lie on a lateral surface of a circular cylinder.
- the contact element corresponds to a section of a jacket of a circular cylinder
- the (imaginary) circular cylinder should preferably be aligned coaxially to the main axis, wherein the diameter of the circular cylinder corresponds for example to a chord through a focal point of an ellypsoid cross-section of the spherical top surface.
- a perpendicular bisector in one side of the polygonal base area a perpendicular bisector is erected, which stands for example approximately perpendicular to the base.
- a correspondingly rounded body edge projects, for example, out of a truncated pyramid-shaped lateral surface region, starting in one side of the base surface, ending in the spherical top surface of the perpendicular bisector.
- These additional body edges, which lie on the mid-perpendicular are parallel to the main axis and in each case have the same radial distance from the main axis, so that the mid-perpendiculars and the additional body edges aligned therewith lie in a lateral surface of a circular cylinder.
- the additional body edges extend within the lateral surface of the prism.
- portions of a circular cylindrical lateral surface for example a narrow ring or the like, can be used to produce a continuous transition from the base surface to the top surface.
- Another embodiment may provide that body edges are broken rounded.
- body edges in the lateral surface protruding formations In a polygonal configuration of a base surface form body edges in the lateral surface protruding formations. These body edges should be advantageously rounded rounded. On the one hand, this reduces the risk of injury to the contact elements, and on the other hand, the dielectric strength of the contact element is positively influenced since partial discharges preferably form on protruding edges. Starting from the base, the body edges, which run in the direction of the top surface, should be increasingly rounded / blunt in the direction of the top surface, so that there is a continuous transition from an angular base to a top surface with ellypsoidal cross-section.
- the body edges By rounding the body edges, it is also possible to create a smooth transition from the polygonal base over a truncated pyramid base or a prismatic base in the ellypsoid deck surface. Individual sections of the lateral surface lying between the body edges are reminiscent of rectangles or trapezoids.
- the lateral surface with its lying in the lateral surface body edges can advantageously be broken so that the degree of refraction increases, starting from the base in the direction of the mouth opening, so that the body edges are increasingly dissolved in the direction of the spherical top surfaces and a spherical curved contour the base spans.
- a further advantageous embodiment can provide that the lateral surface is concave.
- a concave curvature causes the surface area of the shell surface to increase in comparison with a planar design, and thus to increase the surface available for radiating current heat at the contact element. This makes it possible to give off current heat from the interior of the contact piece, in particular from the contact socket out over the enlarged surface of the contact element.
- the concave curvature is more suitable to form a simplified rounded transition to body edges and these rounded to break. This results in bulbous structures, which continue to allow a close fitting of several contact elements in the area of the base and allow for a high current carrying capacity sufficient flow around a cooling medium.
- the extending between the corners of the base pages also have a convex curved course.
- the base area is provided for receiving threaded bores, it is possible in a simple manner to use the shielded area formed by the lateral surface and the spherical top surface within the envelope contour, in order to protect the shielding effect by attaching the contact element.
- the base in a contacting of the contact element to a circuit via the base, it is possible to press the base by means of screwed into the threaded holes bolt against the conductor.
- the conductor can, for example, have a contact surface of the same cross-section as the base surface.
- the lateral surface can pass into the Anformung, so that between Anformung of the conductor and the contact element is given a narrow joint gap.
- the Anformung can continue the contour of the lateral surface of the contact element, so that the dielectric shape of the contact element in the region of the base is also transferred to the Anformung.
- the use of the corners of the contact element makes it possible to take advantage of existing wall thicknesses in the base body in order to transmit larger forces.
- a rotationally symmetrical structure of the contact socket form in the corners of the envelope contour gussets, which can serve to accommodate the threaded holes.
- other fastening variants can be provided for fastening the contact element.
- a further advantageous embodiment may provide that the base surface and the top surface are integrally connected to each other.
- a one-piece connection of the base and top surface makes it possible to make a contact of the contact element on the base, on the other hand due to the one-piece to transfer the electrical potential of the base in the top surface and so incase the envelope contour of the contact element continuously the same electrical potential.
- a one-piece composite allows further, For example, by means of casting or forging a recess for the contact socket in the KunststoffelemenL introduce. Furthermore, contact resistances within the contact element are reduced by a one-piece design.
- a current path between the base and the top surface, which surrounds a mouth opening of the contact socket, is provided with a low electrical impedance due to the integral nature. An electric current can be forwarded relatively low loss within the contact element.
- base body made of electrically conductive materials such as aluminum, copper and other iron and non-ferrous metals and alloys.
- a further advantageous embodiment may provide that the base surface and the top surface are electrically conductive.
- An electrical conductivity of a surface makes it possible to specifically apply this surface with a specific electrical potential. This can be caused to other components a certain potential control. In particular, in the case of steadily arched projection-reduced bodies, a homogeneous distribution of field lines emerging from the surface can thus be achieved, so that a contact element according to the invention is surrounded by a homogeneous electric field.
- the contact socket opens both in the top surface and in the base surface.
- the contact socket can be introduced into the contact element, for example in the manner of a blind bore, ie, the contact socket is sack-like within the contact element angecrdnet and is directly accessible and visible only from its mouth opening in the top surface.
- the contact bush completely penetrates the electrical contact element, d. h.
- the contact element is designed in the manner of a sleeve.
- a contact pin to be introduced and the penetration depth of the contact pin is to be determined.
- the depth of the insertion into the contact bushing can not be recognized directly on its jacket.
- the contact socket opens next to its mouth opening in the top surface in the base, can be controlled in the base by eye contact or other suitable means the penetration depth of a contact pin in the contact socket.
- the contact socket of the contact element is additionally penetrated by a flow of a cooling medium, for example a gas or a liquid and improved cooling is possible.
- the electrical contact element in its first embodiment according to FIG. 1 has a substantially square base 1 with four corners.
- the corners of the base 1 are broken in a rounded manner, so that a substantially a base 1 is formed with a square outline, whose corners are rounded.
- a main axis 2 is arranged.
- the main axis 2 penetrates the base 1 in the middle.
- a contact socket 3 Coaxial to the main axis 2, the electrical contact element in its first embodiment, a contact socket 3.
- the contact socket 3 passes through the electrical contact element in the first embodiment along the entire main axis 2, so that the contact socket 3 represents a continuous recess in the electrical contact element of the first embodiment variant.
- the contact bush 3 opens on its side facing away from the base 1 side in a symmetrical to the main axis 2 aligned spherical top surface 4.
- the spherical top surface 4 extends substantially annularly around the mouth opening of the contact 3.
- the spherical top surface 4 is presently a section of an ellipsoid , which extends symmetrically about the main axis 2.
- the spherical top surface 4 is a portion of a lateral surface of a spherical cap.
- the electrical contact element of the first embodiment variant is surrounded by a lateral surface 5, which revolves around the main axis 2 and is guided in the direction of the spherical cover surface 4.
- the lateral surface 5 is designed such that the lateral surface 5 tapers in the manner of a lateral surface of a truncated pyramid, starting from the base surface 1 in the direction of the spherical top surface 4.
- the edges, which lie in the lateral surface of the pyramid are executed correspondingly rounded, wherein the curves of the rounded corners of the base 1 are received and are continued in the direction of the spherical top surface 4.
- the rounding of the rounded edges is designed in such a way increasingly in the direction of the spherical top surface 4, that a continuous transition of the lateral surface 5 is formed with the rounded edges in the area of the base in the edge-free spherical top surface 4.
- the transition from the truncated pyramid-shaped lateral surface 5 in the spherical top surface 4 is shown symbolically in the plan view of the electrical contact element of the first embodiment variant by a tear line 6. Due to the rotationally symmetrical configuration of the spherical top surface 4 and the rectangular base 1 results in a Lateral surface in the manner of a truncated pyramid.
- the lateral surface has components which run parallel to the main axis 2. Starting from a side bisecting point on one side of the base 1 extend vertically perpendicular to the base surface standing perpendicular bisectors, which overlap the truncated pyramidal lateral surface.
- the mid-perpendiculars are aligned parallel to the main axis 2 and allow a breaking of the truncated pyramid-shaped lateral surface and a continuous transition into the spherical top surface.
- the bisectors connect the base and the spherical top surface 4.
- a middle perpendicular is arranged in each of the sides of the base area 1.
- the mid-perpendiculars are equidistant from the major axis 2 in the radial direction.
- the mid-perpendiculars are distributed in the direction of the main axis 2 on a circular path around the main axis 2.
- the contact bush 3 extends through the entire electrical contact element, so that the contact bush 3 has mouth openings both in the base surface 1 and in the spherical cover surface 4.
- the contact bush 3 is equipped with a circumferential groove 2 in its inner wall about the main axis 2.
- the groove 7 at least one contacting element 8 is inserted.
- the contacting element 8 is a self-contained worm spring, which is clamped into the groove 7 using its spring force. The contacting element 8 projects beyond the recess of the contact bush 3 in the radial direction inward.
- a contacting bolt can be introduced into the contact bush 3, which can make electrically conductive contact with the contacting element 8 on its outer peripheral surface.
- the contacting element 8 is reversibly deformable and allows electrical contacting of the electrical contact element with the contact pin.
- the surface is bounded by linear lines ending in rounded corners.
- the first embodiment variant of the electrical contact element can be fixed, for example, the contact element can be screwed onto an electrical conductor, whereby the base 1 of the electrical and mechanical contact with the electrical conductor is used and between the base and the pressed electrical conductor an electrically conductive connection is formed.
- This electrically conductive connection is conveyed through walls of the electrical contact element as far as the contacting element 8, so that the electrical potential of a load-bearing electrical conductor line is conducted up to the contacting element 8.
- FIG. 2 an electrical contact element in a second embodiment.
- the second embodiment of the electrical contact element according to the FIG. 2 on a modification of from the FIG. 1 is based on known electrical contact element, will be discussed below only the differences between the first and the second embodiment variant.
- the structure of the in the FIGS. 1 and 2 shown embodiments of an electrical Contact element same.
- the variant after FIG. 2 varies only in terms of the design of the base 1a.
- the base 1a has a polygonal outline. The corners of the base 1a are rounded, as well as from the FIG.
- FIG. 3 shows a section through an electrical contact element in a third embodiment, wherein the in the FIG. 3 Contact element shown has a rectangular base 1b, which is surrounded by a lateral surface 5a.
- the lateral surface 5a is the lateral surface of a prism, in the present case a prism with bulged rectangular base whose corners are broken and in the course of the main axis 2 from the base 1b to the spherical top surface 4 converts into a prism with a circular cross-section and into the top surface 4 passes.
- the rounded corners or the rounded edges of the body rounded at the base surface 1b are increasingly blurred, so that the lateral surface which adjoins the spherical top surface 4 adjoins, having a portion of a shell of a circular cylinder.
- the local contact socket 3a is configured as a blind hole-like recess.
- the electrical contact element in the third embodiment variant above the base 1b is mechanically stabilized by a closed bottom.
- the third embodiment of the electrical contact element is pressed with the base 1b against a conductor 10.
- a pressing surface of the conductor track 10 is configured equal to the base 1b of the electrical contact element of the third embodiment variant.
- the contact surface has the same dimension as the base 1b.
- the contact surface is located on a pedestal Anformung the conductor 10.
- the socket-shaped Anformung takes on the shape of the lateral surface 5a of the contact element and forms a dielectrically favorable rounded transition to the conductor 10 from.
- threaded bolts 12a, 12b pass through the conductor 10 and protrude into threaded holes of the electrical contact element and thus cause a contact force between conductor 10 and electrical contact element.
- FIG. 3 an application of an electrical contact element is shown in a circuit breaker.
- the circuit breaker on a contact pin 11, which extends coaxially to the main axis 2 and is movable in the direction of the main axis 2.
- the cross section of the contact pin 11 corresponds to the cross section of the contact socket 3a and the contacting element 8 inserted therein.
- the contact pin 11 can be moved into the contact socket 3a and contacts the contacting element 8 on the shell side.
- the contacting element 8 represents a part of an electrically conductive current path between the conductor 10 and the contact pin 11.
- the electrically conductive current path is formed by the conductor 10, via the base 1a, the contact socket 3a and the inserted contacting element 8 on the lateral surface of the contact pin 11. It can be provided that the contact pin 11 repeatedly inserted into the contact socket 3a and executable, so that a repeated production and separation of an electrically conductive connection between the contact pin 11 and the conductor 10 is possible.
- the contact pin 11 is located in the representation of FIG. 3 in its off position, wherein the contact pin 11 is surrounded by a guide device which also serves a dielectric shielding thereof.
- FIG. 4 shows a plan view of several of the FIG. 3 known electrical contact elements in the third embodiment, wherein three identical electrical contact elements of the third embodiment are each attached to a conductor 10, each of the conductor tracks 10 is formed similarly.
- the contact elements serve to transmit a polyphase AC voltage system.
- the electrical contact elements of the third embodiment shown in a section, so that threaded holes 9a, 9b, 9c, 9d are respectively visible.
- the FIG. 5 additionally shows the first embodiment of a contact element schematically as a grid model to illustrate the axial positions.
- the rectangular base 1 is pierced perpendicularly by the main axis 2.
- the lateral surface 5 of the electrical contact element initially in the manner of a lateral surface of a truncated pyramid in the direction of the spherical top surface 4, which is formed ellypsoid.
- it is a spherical cap which has a circular cross-section.
- the mouth opening of the contact socket 3 is arranged.
- the diameter of the tear line 6, which is part of the spherical top surface, corresponds to the side length of the base surface 1.
- From the base surface 1 protrude sorenzierende 13a, 13b, 13c, 13d, which are perpendicular to the base 1.
- These side bisectors 13a, 13b, 13c, 13d additionally divide the sections lying between the body edges of the lateral surface 5.
- the bisectors lie in a lateral surface of an imaginary cylinder, which extends coaxially to the main axis 2, wherein the mid-perpendiculars are aligned parallel to the main axis 2.
- the tear line 6, ie, the cross-section of the ellyptoid has a smaller extension than the side length of the base 1, so that in a continuous transition of the lateral surface between the base 1 and spherical top surface 4 in the FIG. 5 shown mid-perpendiculars 13a, 13b, 13c, 13d lie in the lateral surface and are not arranged perpendicular to the base 1, but inclined to a fictitious point of intersection.
- the configurations shown in the individual figures are variable with regard to the configuration of lateral surfaces, contacting elements, contact bushings, threaded bores, etc., without changing the character of the invention.
- the thickness of the curvature of the spherical top surfaces 4, radial expansions of the spherical top surface or the inclination of the lateral surface can vary.
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- Contacts (AREA)
- Connector Housings Or Holding Contact Members (AREA)
- Measuring Leads Or Probes (AREA)
- Arc-Extinguishing Devices That Are Switches (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein elektrisches Kontaktelement mit einer Hauptachse, welche eine mehreckige Grundfläche des Kontaktelements durchstößt und einer um die Hauptachse herum angeordnete Kontaktbuchse, deren Mündungsöffnung in einer Deckfläche mündet, die auf einer entgegengesetzt zur Grundfläche liegenden Seite des Kontaktelementes angeordnet ist.The invention relates to an electrical contact element having a main axis, which pierces a polygonal base of the contact element and arranged around the main axis contact socket, the mouth opening opens into a top surface, which is disposed on a side opposite to the base surface side of the contact element.
Ein derartiges elektrisches Kontaktelement ist beispielsweise aus dem US-Patent
Im Bereich der Grundfläche weist das Kontaktelement eine prismenförmige Gestalt auf, welche die sechseckige Struktur der Grundfläche aufnimmt und ausgehend von zwischen den Ecken verlaufenden Geraden der Grundfläche eine entsprechende sechskantige Mantelfläche um die Hauptachse herum aufweist. Zur Ausbildung einer Deckfläche des elektrischen Kontaktelementes ist das Kontaktelement zweigeteilt ausgeführt, wobei ein erstes Teil ein Außengewinde und ein zweites Teil ein Innengewinde aufweist. Mittels der Gewinde sind die beiden Teile miteinander verbunden. In der Deckfläche mündet die Kontaktbuchse. In der Mantelfläche sind neben den in Richtung der Hauptachse verlaufenden Kanten auch sprungartige unstetige Querschnittsänderungen vorgesehen.In the area of the base, the contact element has a prismatic shape, which accommodates the hexagonal structure of the base surface and, starting from the straight line extending between the corners, has a corresponding hexagonal lateral surface around the main axis. To form a top surface of the electrical contact element, the contact element is designed in two parts, wherein a first part has an external thread and a second part has an internal thread. By means of the threads, the two parts are connected together. In the top surface opens the contact socket. In the lateral surface are next to the in direction the main axis extending edges and sudden discontinuous cross-sectional changes provided.
Durch eine trichterartige Erweiterung der Kontaktbuchse in Richtung der Deckfläche ist eine Kontaktierung der Kontaktbuchse des Kontaktelementes mit einem Kontaktbolzen erleichtert möglich, da der Kontaktbolzen bei einer Bewegung in Richtung der Hauptachse zentriert wird.By a funnel-like extension of the contact socket in the direction of the top surface contacting the female contact of the contact element with a contact pin is facilitated, since the contact pin is centered in a movement in the direction of the main axis.
Zwar wird eine erleichterte Kontaktierung des elektrischen Kontaktelementes bei einer derartigen Ausgestaltung ermöglicht, jedoch ist bei höheren Spannungen aufgrund der dielektrisch ungünstigen Formgebung mit Entladungserscheinungen an der Kontaktbuchse bzw. an dem elektrischen Kontaktelement zu rechnen.Although a facilitated contacting of the electrical contact element is made possible in such a configuration, but is expected at higher voltages due to the dielectrically unfavorable shape with discharge phenomena on the contact socket or on the electrical contact element.
Weiterhin ist durch die radiale Ausladung der trichterartig erweiterten Kontaktbuchse der Platzbedarf für die Kontaktanordnung groß. Insbesondere bei einer gewünschten Miniaturisierung erweist sich eine derartig großbauende Kontaktanordnung als nachteilig.Furthermore, the space requirement for the contact arrangement is large due to the radial projection of the funnel-like extended contact socket. Especially with a desired miniaturization, such a large-sized contact arrangement proves to be disadvantageous.
Aus dem US-Patent
Daher ist es Aufgabe der Erfindung, ein Kontaktelement derart auszugestalten, dass bei einer hohen Leistungsfähigkeit kompakte Abmessungen gegeben sind, und bei hohen Spannungsbeanspruchungen eine zuverlässige Wirkung sichergestellt ist. Erfindungsgemäß wird die Aufgabe bei einem elektrischen Kontaktelement der eingangs genannten Art dadurch gelöst, dass die Deckfläche sich sphärisch gewölbt über der Grundfläche aufspannt, während eine die Grundfläche und die Deckfläche verbindende Mantelfläche stetig von der mehreckigen Grundfläche in die sphärische Deckfläche übergeht.Therefore, it is an object of the invention to design a contact element in such a way that given a high performance compact dimensions are given, and at high voltage stresses a reliable effect is ensured. According to the invention, the object is achieved with an electrical contact element of the type mentioned above in that the cover surface spans over the base surface in a spherically curved manner, while a surface area connecting the base surface and the cover surface merges continuously from the polygonal base surface into the spherical cover surface.
Eine mehreckige Grundfläche kann beispielsweise drei-, vier-, fünf-, sechs- oder allgemein vieleckig sein. Die mehreckige Grundfläche sollte eben sein. Die Hauptachse sollte sich im Wesentlichen lotrecht zu der Grundfläche erstrecken. Dadurch ist eine gerade Hüllkontur des elektrischen Kontaktelementes mit im Wesentlichen lotrecht zueinander liegenden Achsen ermöglicht. Bei einer mehreckigen Grundfläche kann insbesondere vorgesehen sein, dass die Ecken der Grundfläche gebrochen, insbesondere nach Art eines Kreisbogens abgerundet sind, so dass vorstehende spitze Kanten vermieden sind.A polygonal base can be, for example, three, four, five, six or more polygonal. The polygonal base should be flat. The major axis should extend substantially perpendicular to the base. As a result, a straight envelope contour of the electrical contact element with substantially perpendicular to each other axes is possible. In the case of a polygonal base area, provision can be made, in particular, for the corners of the base area to be broken, in particular rounded in the manner of a circular arc, so that projecting pointed edges are avoided.
Die Deckfläche mit der sphärischen Wölbung sollte ebenfalls symmetrisch zu der Hauptachse angeordnet sein und die Grundfläche möglichst gleichartig und gleichmäßig überspannen. Die sphärische Wölbung sollte dabei um die Mündungsöffnung der Kontaktbuchse herum konvex gewölbt sein, so dass ein möglichst kontinuierlicher stetiger Übergang von der sphärischen Wölbung der Deckfläche in die die Grundfläche umschließende Mantelfläche erfolgt. Insbesondere bei einer Rundung der Ecken der Grundfläche und einer entsprechend angepassten Rundung der Kanten, die sich ausgehend von den Ecken der Grundfläche in die Mantelfläche hinein erstrecken, kann eine Hüllkontur ausgebildet werden, welche möglichst frei von Vorsprüngen und Kanten ist. Dabei kann vorgesehen sein, dass in der Kontaktbuchse des elektrischen Kontaktelementes zumindest ein Kontaktierungselement angeordnet ist. Das Kontaktierungselement kann beispielsweise elastisch verformbar sein. Derartig Kontaktierungselemente können beispielsweise Kontaktfinger, ringförmig eingesetzte Kontaktfedern, Kontaktblättchen etc. sein. Die Kontaktierungselemente sind dabei vollständig im Innern des elektrischen Kontaktelementes, d.h., innerhalb der Hüllkontur angeordnet, wobei zwischen dem Kontaktelement und den in der Kontaktbuchse angeordneten bewegbaren Kontaktierungselementen eine elektrisch leitende Verbindung vorgesehen ist, so dass innerhalb des elektrischen Kontaktelementes über die elektrisch leitende Verbindung zu den bewegbaren Kontaktelementen ein dauerhafter Strompfad besteht. So kann das elektrische Kontaktelement mit seinem Grundkörper, welcher die mehreckige Grundfläche, die Deckfläche und die Mantelfläche aufweist, selbst als Teil des Strompfades dienen.The top surface with the spherical curvature should also be arranged symmetrically to the main axis and span the base as evenly as possible and evenly. The spherical curvature should be curved convexly around the mouth opening of the contact socket so that the continuous continuous transition possible from the spherical curvature of the cover surface into the surface surrounding the base surface takes place as continuously as possible. In particular, with a rounding of the corners of the base and a correspondingly adapted rounding of the edges, which extend from the corners of the base into the lateral surface, an envelope contour can be formed, which is as free as possible of projections and edges. It can be provided that at least one contacting element is arranged in the contact socket of the electrical contact element. The contacting element may for example be elastically deformable. Such contacting elements may be, for example, contact fingers, annular contact springs, contact blades, etc. The contacting elements are completely inside the electrical contact element, ie, disposed within the envelope contour, wherein provided between the contact element and arranged in the contact socket movable contacting an electrically conductive connection is, so that there is a permanent current path within the electrical contact element via the electrically conductive connection to the movable contact elements. Thus, the electrical contact element with its base body, which has the polygonal base surface, the top surface and the lateral surface, itself serve as part of the current path.
Durch eine Wahl einer mehreckigen Grundfläche ist es beispielsweise möglich, mehrere Kontaktelemente im Bereich der Grundfläche zueinander eng benachbart anzuordnen. Dadurch kann die Leistungsdichte einer über benachbarte Kontaktelemente zu übertragenden elektrischen Leistung erhöht werden. Im Gegensatz zu üblicherweise genutzten Kontaktelementen mit rotationssymmetrischer Hüllkontur können so Zwickelräume vermieden werden und zur Verfügung stehender Raum effektiver genutzt werden.By choosing a polygonal base area, it is possible, for example, to arrange a plurality of contact elements in the area of the base area closely adjacent to one another. As a result, the power density of an electrical power to be transmitted via adjacent contact elements can be increased. In contrast to commonly used contact elements with rotationally symmetrical envelope contour so gussets can be avoided and available space can be used more effectively.
Eine weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltung kann vorsehen, dass die Mantelfläche an ihrer der Grundfläche zugewandten Seite zumindest teilweise nach Art einer Mantelfläche eines Pyramidenstumpfes ausgestaltet ist und die sphärische Deckfläche nach Art eines Ellipsoids gerundet stetig Körperkanten brechend in die Mantelfläche des Pyramidenstumpfs übergeht.A further advantageous embodiment may provide that the lateral surface is at least partially configured on its side facing the base in the manner of a lateral surface of a truncated pyramid and the spherical top surface in the manner of an ellipsoid rounded steadily body edges merges into the lateral surface of the truncated pyramid.
Wird die Mantelfläche an der Grundfläche nach Art eines Pyramidenstumpfes ausgebildet, d. h., ausgehend von der Grundfläche verjüngt sich die Hüllkontur des elektrischen Kontaktstückes in Richtung der sphärischen Deckfläche, kann auch bei einer engen Anordnung mehrerer Kontaktelemente nebeneinander zwischen diesen zumindest im Übergangsbereich zu der sphärischen Deckfläche eine Umströmung durch ein Kühlmedium, beispielsweise ein gasförmiges Kühlmedium, erfolgen. Stromwärme kann von der Oberfläche des elektrischen Kontaktelementes abgestrahlt und fortgeführt werden.If the lateral surface is formed on the base surface in the manner of a truncated pyramid, ie, starting from the base surface, the envelope contour of the electrical contact piece tapers in the direction of the spherical top surface, even with a close arrangement of several contact elements side by side between them at least in the transition region to the spherical top surface Flow around a cooling medium, such as a gaseous cooling medium done. Current heat can be radiated from the surface of the electrical contact element and continued.
Weiterhin ist eine Möglichkeit gegeben, die Grundfläche des Kontaktelementes zur elektrischen Kontaktierung des Kontaktierungselementes zu verwenden. Beispielsweise kann die Grundfläche auf eine elektrische Strombahn aufgesetzt werden, so dass eine große Fläche zur Verfügung gestellt ist, über welche ein Strom von der Strombahn in das Kontaktelement übertreten kann. Der in die Grundfläche eintretende Strom kann mittels der elektrisch leitenden Verbindung über die innerhalb der Kontaktbuchse angeordneten bewegbaren Kontaktierungselemente auf einen gegebenenfalls in die Kontaktbuchse eingefahrenen Kontaktbolzen übertragen werden. Aufgrund der im Verhältnis zu Kontaktpunkten der Kontaktierungselemente vergrößerten Oberfläche tritt an der Grundfläche eine geringere Erwärmung auf, als in der Kontaktbuchse selbst. Somit ist von der elektrischen Kontaktanordnung im Wesentlichen die Stromwärme, welche durch den Übergangswiderstand in der Kontaktbuchse hervorgerufen wird, abzuleiten.Furthermore, a possibility is given to use the base of the contact element for making electrical contact with the contacting element. For example, the base can be placed on an electric current path, so that a large area is provided over which a current can pass from the current path into the contact element. The current entering the base area can be transmitted by means of the electrically conductive connection via the movable contacting elements arranged inside the contact socket to a contact pin which may have been retracted into the contact socket. Due to the enlarged in relation to contact points of the contacting elements surface occurs at the base area less heating than in the female contact itself. Thus, from the electrical contact arrangement essentially the current heat, which is caused by the contact resistance in the female contact, derive.
Durch eine elipsoide Ausgestaltung der sphärischen Deckfläche wird die Mündungsöffnung vorteilhafterweise von einer ringförmig gerundeten Struktur umgeben. Vorteilhafterweise ist das Elipsoid nach Art einer Kugelkappe ausgeformt, welche in die Mantelfläche übergeht. Die Mündungsöffnung kann als kreisförmiger Durchbruch in der Kugelkappe liegen. Eine von einer idealen Kugel abweichende eslipsoide Form ermöglicht ebenfalls eine ausreichende dielektrische Schirmung der Mündungsöffnung. Eine Kugelkappe weist darüber hinaus den Vorteil auf, dass im Bereich der sphärischen Deckfläche bei einer Drehung des Kontaktelementes um die Hauptachse seine dielektrische Wirkung auf benachbarte Bauteile nicht verändert. Die mehreckige Grundfläche ist von dem dielektrisch geschirmten Bereich der Mündungsöffnung entfernt, so dass dort eine Ausgestaltung in Form eines pyramidenstumpfes vorteilhaft ist. Durch die pyramidenartig schrägen Anteile der Mantelfläche im Bereich der Grundfläche des Kontaktelementes ist ein Übergang in die sphärisch gewölbte Deckfläche in vereinfachter Form ermöglicht, da die pyramidenstumpfförmige Grundform in Richtung der Mündungsöffnung verjüngt zuläuft. Ein stetiger Übergang von der pyramidenstumpfförmigen Grundform in die sphärische Deckfläche erfolgt kontinuierlich frei von sprungartigen Oberflächenänderungen.By an ellipsoidal design of the spherical top surface, the mouth opening is advantageously surrounded by an annularly rounded structure. Advantageously, the ellipsoid is shaped in the manner of a spherical cap, which merges into the lateral surface. The mouth opening can be located as a circular opening in the ball cap. An eslipsoidal shape deviating from an ideal sphere also allows sufficient dielectric shielding of the orifice. A ball cap also has the advantage that in the region of the spherical top surface upon rotation of the contact element about the main axis does not change its dielectric effect on adjacent components. The polygonal base surface is removed from the dielectrically shielded region of the mouth opening, so that there advantageous embodiment in the form of a truncated pyramid is. Due to the pyramidal oblique portions of the lateral surface in the region of the base surface of the contact element, a transition into the spherically curved top surface is made possible in a simplified form, since the truncated pyramidal basic shape tapers in the direction of the mouth opening. A continuous transition from the truncated pyramidal basic shape in the spherical top surface is continuously free of sudden surface changes.
Eine weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltung kann vorsehen, dass die Mantelfläche an ihrer der Grundfläche zugewandten Seite zumindest teilweise nach Art einer Mantelfläche eines Prismas ausgestaltet ist und die sphärische Deckfläche nach Art eines Ellypsoids gerundet stetig Körperkanten brechend in die Mantelfläche des Prismas übergeht.A further advantageous embodiment can provide that the lateral surface is configured on its side facing the base at least partially in the manner of a lateral surface of a prism and the spherical top surface in the manner of an ellipsoid rounded steadily body edges merges into the lateral surface of the prism.
Abweichend von einem sich verjüngenden Pyramidenstumpf ist bei einem Prisma über eine größere Strecke in Richtung der Deckfläche ein Querschnitt mit zunächst gleichbleibendem Umfang am Kontaktelement zur Verfügung gestellt. Damit kann bis in den Bereich der Kontaktbuchse eine ausreichende Wandstärke um die Buchse herum zur Verfügung gestellt werden, um von der Grundfläche des Kontaktelementes in Richtung der Buchse auch größere Ströme durch größere Querschnitte zu leiten.Notwithstanding a tapering truncated pyramid is provided in a prism over a greater distance in the direction of the top surface, a cross section with initially constant circumference on the contact element. Thus, a sufficient wall thickness can be made available to the bushing around in the region of the contact socket to guide from the base of the contact element in the direction of the bush and larger currents through larger cross-sections.
Auch hier kann vorgesehen sein, dass die ellypsoide Deckfläche vorteilhafterweise eine Kugelkappe darstellt, innerhalb welcher eine Mündungsöffnung der Kontaktbuchse liegt.Again, it can be provided that the ellypsoide cover surface advantageously represents a spherical cap, within which a mouth opening of the contact socket is located.
Weiterhin kann vorteilhaft vorgesehen sein, dass der stetige Übergang in die sphärische Deckfläche unter Nutzung von Abschnitten erfolgt, die auf einer Mantelfläche eines Kreiszylinders liegen.Furthermore, it may be advantageously provided that the continuous transition into the spherical top surface takes place using sections that lie on a lateral surface of a circular cylinder.
Um einen vergleichmäßigten Übergang zwischen der mehreckigen Grundfläche und der sphärischen ellypsoiden Deckfläche zu bewirken, kann vorgesehen sein, dass abweichend von einem unmittelbaren Übergang einer pyramidenstumpfförmigen bzw. prismenförmigen Mantelfläche in die sphärische Deckfläche zumindest ein Abschnitt einer Mantelfläche des Kontaktelementes einem Ausschnitt eines Mantels eines Kreiszylinders entspricht. Der (gedachte) Kreiszylinder sollte dabei vorzugsweise koaxial zur Hauptachse ausgerichtet sein, wobei der Durchmesser des Kreiszylinders beispielsweise einer Sehne durch einen Brennpunkt eines ellypsoiden Querschnittes der sphärischen Deckfläche entspricht. Beispielsweise kann vorgesehen sein, dass in einer Seite der mehreckigen Grundfläche eine Mittelsenkrechte errichtet ist, welche beispielsweise annähernd lotrecht auf der Grundfläche steht. Eine entsprechend abgerundete Körperkante ragt beispielsweise aus einem pyramidenstumpfförmigen Mantelflächenbereich, beginnend in einer Seite der Grundfläche, endend in der sphärischen Deckfläche der Mittelsenkrechten folgend, heraus. Diese zusätzlichen Körperkanten, welche auf den Mittelsenkrechten liegen, verlaufen parallel zu der Hauptachse und weisen jeweils den gleichen radialen Abstand zu der Hauptachse auf, so dass die Mittelsenkrechten und die daran ausgerichteten zusätzlichen Körperkanten in einer Mantelfläche eines Kreiszylinders liegen.In order to bring about a uniform transition between the polygonal base surface and the spherical ellypsoid cover surface, it can be provided that, deviating from an immediate transition of a truncated pyramid-shaped lateral surface into the spherical cover surface, at least a portion of a lateral surface of the contact element corresponds to a section of a jacket of a circular cylinder , The (imaginary) circular cylinder should preferably be aligned coaxially to the main axis, wherein the diameter of the circular cylinder corresponds for example to a chord through a focal point of an ellypsoid cross-section of the spherical top surface. For example, it can be provided that in one side of the polygonal base area a perpendicular bisector is erected, which stands for example approximately perpendicular to the base. A correspondingly rounded body edge projects, for example, out of a truncated pyramid-shaped lateral surface region, starting in one side of the base surface, ending in the spherical top surface of the perpendicular bisector. These additional body edges, which lie on the mid-perpendicular, are parallel to the main axis and in each case have the same radial distance from the main axis, so that the mid-perpendiculars and the additional body edges aligned therewith lie in a lateral surface of a circular cylinder.
Bei einer prismenförmigen Gestaltung verlaufen die zusätzlichen Körperkanten innerhalb der Mantelfläche des Prismas. Bei einem Übergang von der prismenförmigen Mantelfläche auf die sphärische Deckfläche können Anteile einer kreiszylinderförmigen Mantelfläche, beispielsweise ein schmaler Ring oder ähnliches, zur Erzeugung eines stetigen Übergangs von der Grundfläche auf die Deckfläche Verwendung finden.In a prismatic configuration, the additional body edges extend within the lateral surface of the prism. In a transition from the prism-shaped lateral surface to the spherical top surface, portions of a circular cylindrical lateral surface, for example a narrow ring or the like, can be used to produce a continuous transition from the base surface to the top surface.
Eine weitere Ausgestaltung kann vorsehen, dass Körperkanten gerundet gebrochen sind.Another embodiment may provide that body edges are broken rounded.
Bei einer mehreckigen Ausgestaltung einer Grundfläche bilden Körperkanten in der Mantelfläche hervorstehende Ausformungen. Diese Körperkanten sollten vorteilhafterweise gerundet gebrochen sein. Dadurch ist zum einen die Verletzungsgefahr an den Kontaktelementen reduziert, zum anderen wird die dielektrische Festigkeit des Kontaktelementes positiv beeinflusst, da sich bevorzugt an vorspringenden Kanten Teilentladungen ausbilden. Ausgehend von der Grundfläche sollten die Körperkanten, die in Richtung der Deckfläche verlaufen, in Richtung der Deckfläche zunehmend stärker abgerundet/abgestumpft sein, so dass ein kontinuierlicher Übergang von einer eckigen Grundfläche in eine Deckfläche mit ellypsoidem Querschnitt gegeben ist.In a polygonal configuration of a base surface form body edges in the lateral surface protruding formations. These body edges should be advantageously rounded rounded. On the one hand, this reduces the risk of injury to the contact elements, and on the other hand, the dielectric strength of the contact element is positively influenced since partial discharges preferably form on protruding edges. Starting from the base, the body edges, which run in the direction of the top surface, should be increasingly rounded / blunt in the direction of the top surface, so that there is a continuous transition from an angular base to a top surface with ellypsoidal cross-section.
Durch eine Rundung der Körperkanten ist es weiterhin möglich, einen vergleichmäßigten Übergang von der mehreckigen Grundfläche über einen pyramidenstumpfartigen Sockel bzw. einen prismaförmigen Sockel in die ellypsoide Deckfläche zu schaffen. Einzelne zwischen den Körperkanten liegende Abschnitte der Mantelfläche erinnern dabei an Rechtecke bzw. an Trapeze. Die Mantelfläche mit ihren in der Mantelfläche liegenden Körperkanten kann dabei vorteilhaft derart gebrochen sein, dass der Grad der Brechung ausgehend von der Grundfläche in Richtung der Mündungsöffnung zunimmt, so dass die Körperkanten in Richtung der sphärischen Deckflächen zunehmend aufgelöst werden und eine sphärische gewölbte Kontur die Grundfläche überspannt.By rounding the body edges, it is also possible to create a smooth transition from the polygonal base over a truncated pyramid base or a prismatic base in the ellypsoid deck surface. Individual sections of the lateral surface lying between the body edges are reminiscent of rectangles or trapezoids. The lateral surface with its lying in the lateral surface body edges can advantageously be broken so that the degree of refraction increases, starting from the base in the direction of the mouth opening, so that the body edges are increasingly dissolved in the direction of the spherical top surfaces and a spherical curved contour the base spans.
Eine weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltung kann vorsehen, dass die Mantelfläche konkav gewölbt ist.A further advantageous embodiment can provide that the lateral surface is concave.
Zwischen Körperkanten in der Mantelfläche befindliche Abschnitte der Mantelfläche können konkav gewölbt sein. Eine konkave Wölbung geslattet die Oberfläche der Mantelfläche im Vergleich zu einer planen Ausführung zu vergrößern und damit die zum Abstrahlen von Stromwärme zur Verfügung stehende Oberfläche an dem Kontaktelement zu vergrößern. Damit ist es möglich, Stromwärme aus dem Innern des Kontaktstückes, insbesondere aus der Kontaktbuchse heraus über die vergrößerte Oberfläche des Kontaktelementes erleichtert abzugeben. Dabei ist die konkave Wölbung weiter geeignet, einen vereinfachten abgerundeten Übergang zu Körperkanten auszubilden und diese gerundet zu brechen. Damit entstehen bauchige Strukturen, welche weiterhin ein enges Aneinandersetzen mehrerer Kontaktelemente im Bereich der Grundfläche ermöglichen und bei einer hohen Strombelastbarkeit eine ausreichende Umströmung mit einem Kühlmedium ermöglichen. Die zwischen den Ecken der Grundfläche verlaufenden Seiten weisen ebenfalls einen konvex gebogenen Verlauf auf.Between body edges in the lateral surface located portions of the lateral surface may be concave. A concave curvature causes the surface area of the shell surface to increase in comparison with a planar design, and thus to increase the surface available for radiating current heat at the contact element. This makes it possible to give off current heat from the interior of the contact piece, in particular from the contact socket out over the enlarged surface of the contact element. Here, the concave curvature is more suitable to form a simplified rounded transition to body edges and these rounded to break. This results in bulbous structures, which continue to allow a close fitting of several contact elements in the area of the base and allow for a high current carrying capacity sufficient flow around a cooling medium. The extending between the corners of the base pages also have a convex curved course.
Weiterhin kann vorteilhaft vorgesehen sein, dass in die Grundfläche Gewindebohrungen eingebracht sind, die in ihrer Anzahl der Anzahl der Ecken der Grundfläche entsprechen.Furthermore, it can be advantageously provided that in the base threaded holes are introduced, which correspond in number to the number of corners of the base area in number.
Ist die Grundfläche zur Aufnahme von Gewindebohrungen vorgesehen, ist es in einfacher Weise möglich, den durch die Mantelfläche und die sphärische Deckfläche gebildeten geschirmten Bereich innerhalb der Hüllkontur zu nutzen, um im Schutz der Schirmwirkung eine Befestigung des Kontaktelementes vorzunehmen. Insbesondere bei einer Kontaktierung des Kontaktelementes an einem Leiterzug über die Grundfläche ist es möglich, die Grundfläche mittels in die Gewindebohrungen eingeschraubten Bolzen gegen den Leiterzug zu pressen. So wird einerseits eine hohe Anpresskraft zwischen Grundfläche und dem anliegenden Leiterzug erzeugt und andererseits eine mechanische Haiterung und Positionierung des Kontaktelementes an dem Leiterzug sichergestellt. Der Leiterzug kann beispielsweise eine zur Grundfläche gegengleiche Anpreßfläche gleichen Querschnitts aufweisen. Insbesondere bei einer Anordnung des Kontaktelementes auf einer vorspringenden Anformung kann die Mantelfläche in die Anformung übergehen, so dass zwischen Anformung des Leiterzuges und dem Kontaktelement ein schmaler Fügespalt gegeben ist. Die Anformung kann die Kontur der Mantelfläche des Kontaktelementes weiterführen, so dass die dielektrische Gestalt des Kontaktelementes im Bereich der Grundfläche auch auf die Anformung übertragen wird.If the base area is provided for receiving threaded bores, it is possible in a simple manner to use the shielded area formed by the lateral surface and the spherical top surface within the envelope contour, in order to protect the shielding effect by attaching the contact element. In particular, in a contacting of the contact element to a circuit via the base, it is possible to press the base by means of screwed into the threaded holes bolt against the conductor. Thus, on the one hand, a high contact pressure between the base and the adjacent Leiterzug generated and on the other hand, a mechanical Haiterung and positioning of the contact element secured to the conductor. The conductor can, for example, have a contact surface of the same cross-section as the base surface. In particular, in an arrangement of the contact element on a projecting Anformung the lateral surface can pass into the Anformung, so that between Anformung of the conductor and the contact element is given a narrow joint gap. The Anformung can continue the contour of the lateral surface of the contact element, so that the dielectric shape of the contact element in the region of the base is also transferred to the Anformung.
Die Nutzung der Ecken des Kontaktelementes ermöglicht, dort vorhandene Wandstärken im Grundkörper auszunutzen, um auch größere Kräfte übertragen zu können. Insbesondere bei einer rotationssymmetrischen Struktur der Kontaktbuchse bilden sich in den Ecken der Hüllkontur Zwickelräume, welche der Aufnahme der Gewindebohrungen dienen können. Darüber hinaus können auch andere Befestigungsvarianten zur Befestigung des Kontaktelementes vorgesehen sein. So kann beispielsweise auch ein einzelner Zentralbolzen zur Befestigung des Kontaktelementes dienen, welcher in die Kontaktbuchse hineinragt.The use of the corners of the contact element makes it possible to take advantage of existing wall thicknesses in the base body in order to transmit larger forces. In particular, in a rotationally symmetrical structure of the contact socket form in the corners of the envelope contour gussets, which can serve to accommodate the threaded holes. In addition, other fastening variants can be provided for fastening the contact element. Thus, for example, serve a single central bolt for fixing the contact element, which projects into the contact socket.
Eine weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltung kann vorsehen, dass die Grundfläche und die Deckfläche einstückig miteinander verbunden sind.A further advantageous embodiment may provide that the base surface and the top surface are integrally connected to each other.
Eine einstückige Verbindung von Grundfläche und Deckfläche ermöglicht zum einen eine Kontaktierung des Kontaktelementes über die Grundfläche vorzunehmen, zum anderen aufgrund der Einstückigkeit das elektrische Potential der Grundfläche auch in die Deckfläche hinein zu übertragen und so der Hüllkontur des Kontaktelementes durchgehend das gleiche elektrische Potential aufzuprägen. Ein einstückiger Verbund ermöglicht weiter, beispielsweise mittels Gussverfahren oder Schmiedeverfahren eine Ausnehmung für die Kontaktbuchse in das KontaktelemenL einzubringen. Des Weiteren sind durch eine einstückige Ausbildung Übergangswiderstände innerhalb des Kontaktelementes reduziert. Ein Strompfad zwischen der Grundfläche und der Deckfläche, welcher eine Mündungsöffnung der Kontaktbuchse umgibt, ist aufgrund der Einstückigkeit mit einer geringen elektrischen Impedanz versehen. Ein elektrischer Strom kann innerhalb des Kontaktelementes relativ verlustarm weitergeleitet werden. Zur Ausbildung von Grundfläche und Deckfläche eignen sich Grundkörper aus elektrisch leitenden Materialien wie beispielsweise Aluminium, Kupfer sowie weitere Eisen- sowie Nichteisenmetallen und Legierungen.A one-piece connection of the base and top surface makes it possible to make a contact of the contact element on the base, on the other hand due to the one-piece to transfer the electrical potential of the base in the top surface and so incase the envelope contour of the contact element continuously the same electrical potential. A one-piece composite allows further, For example, by means of casting or forging a recess for the contact socket in the KontaktelemenL introduce. Furthermore, contact resistances within the contact element are reduced by a one-piece design. A current path between the base and the top surface, which surrounds a mouth opening of the contact socket, is provided with a low electrical impedance due to the integral nature. An electric current can be forwarded relatively low loss within the contact element. For the formation of base and top surface are base body made of electrically conductive materials such as aluminum, copper and other iron and non-ferrous metals and alloys.
Eine weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltung kann vorsehen, dass die Grundfläche und die Deckfläche elektrisch leitend sind.A further advantageous embodiment may provide that the base surface and the top surface are electrically conductive.
Eine elektrische Leitfähigkeit einer Oberfläche ermöglicht es, diese Oberfläche gezielt mit einem bestimmten elektrischen Potential zu beaufschlagen. Dadurch kann zu weiteren Bauteilen eine bestimmte Potentialsteuerung hervorgerufen werden. Insbesondere bei stetig gewölbten vorsprungsreduzierten Körpern kann so eine homogene Verteilung von aus der Oberfläche austretenden Feldlinien erzielt werden, so dass ein erfindungsgemäßes Kontaktelement von einem homogenen elektrischen Feld umgeben ist.An electrical conductivity of a surface makes it possible to specifically apply this surface with a specific electrical potential. This can be caused to other components a certain potential control. In particular, in the case of steadily arched projection-reduced bodies, a homogeneous distribution of field lines emerging from the surface can thus be achieved, so that a contact element according to the invention is surrounded by a homogeneous electric field.
Weiterhin kann vorteilhaft vorgesehen sein, dass die Kontaktbuchse sowohl in der Deckfläche als auch in der Grundfläche mündet.Furthermore, it can be advantageously provided that the contact socket opens both in the top surface and in the base surface.
Die Kontaktbuchse kann in dem Kontaktelement beispielsweise nach Art einer Sackbohrung eingebracht sein, d. h., die Kontaktbuchse ist sackartig innerhalb des Kontaktelementes angecrdnet und ist ausschließlich von ihrer Mündungsöffnung in der Deckfläche unmittelbar zugänglich und einsehbar.The contact socket can be introduced into the contact element, for example in the manner of a blind bore, ie, the contact socket is sack-like within the contact element angecrdnet and is directly accessible and visible only from its mouth opening in the top surface.
Dies hat den Vorteil, dass der im Bodenbereich der sackartigen Ausgestaltung der Kontaktbuchse befindliche Bereich genutzt werden kann, um einen elektrischen Strom aus der Grundfläche allseitig um die Kontaktbuchse herum zu verteilen. Weiterhin ist bei einer entsprechenden Dimensionierung des Bodenbereiches der Kontaktbuchse die Kontaktbuchse selbst durch den Boden stabilisiert.This has the advantage that the area located in the bottom area of the bag-like configuration of the contact socket can be used to distribute an electric current from the base area on all sides around the contact socket. Furthermore, with a corresponding dimensioning of the bottom area of the contact socket, the contact socket itself is stabilized by the ground.
Es kann jedoch auch vorgesehen sein, dass die Kontaktbuchse das elektrische Kontaktelement vollständig durchsetzt, d. h., das Kontaktelement ist nach Art einer Hülse ausgestaltet. Eine derartige Ausgestaltung erweist sich als vorteilhaft, wenn in die Kontaktbuchse ein Kontaktbolzen eingeführt werden soll und die Eindringtiefe des Kontaktbolzens zu ermitteln ist. Bei einer möglichst zylindrischen gleichmäßigen Struktur des Kontaktbolzens ist an dessen Mantel die Tiefe des Einfahrens in die Kontaktbuchse nicht unmittelbar zu erkennen. Ist nunmehr auch die Grundfläche von der Kontaktbuchse durchsetzt, d. h., die Kontaktbuchse mündet neben ihrer Mündungsöffnung in der Deckfläche auch in der Grundfläche, kann in der Grundfläche durch Blickkontakt oder andere geeignete Mittel die Eindringtiefe eines Kontaktbolzens in die Kontaktbuchse kontrolliert werden. Weiterhin ist es möglich, dass die Kontaktbuchse des Kontaktelementes zusätzlich von einer Strömung eines Kühlmediums, beispielsweise eines Gases oder einer Flüssigkeit durchsetzt ist und eine verbesserte Kühlung möglich ist.However, it can also be provided that the contact bush completely penetrates the electrical contact element, d. h., The contact element is designed in the manner of a sleeve. Such a configuration proves to be advantageous if in the contact socket, a contact pin to be introduced and the penetration depth of the contact pin is to be determined. In the case of a cylindrical structure of the contact pin which is as cylindrical as possible, the depth of the insertion into the contact bushing can not be recognized directly on its jacket. Is now also the base of the contact bush interspersed, d. h., The contact socket opens next to its mouth opening in the top surface in the base, can be controlled in the base by eye contact or other suitable means the penetration depth of a contact pin in the contact socket. Furthermore, it is possible that the contact socket of the contact element is additionally penetrated by a flow of a cooling medium, for example a gas or a liquid and improved cooling is possible.
Im Folgenden wird ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung schematisch in einer Zeichnung gezeigt und nachfolgend näher beschrieben. Dabei zeigt die
Figur 1- ein elektrisches Kontaktelement in einer ersten Ausführungsvariante in einer Draufsicht, in einem Querschnitt längs der Achse I-I sowie in einen Querschnitt längs der Achse II-II, die
Figur 2- eine zweite Ausführungsvariante eines elektrischen Kontaktelementes in einer Draufsicht, in einem Querschnitt längs der Achse III-III und in einem Querschnitt längs der Achse IV-IV, die
Figur 3- einen Querschnitt durch ein elektrisches Kontaktelement in einer dritten Ausführungsvariante montiert auf einem Leiterzug, die
Figur 4- die prinzipielle Anordnung mehrerer elektrischer Kontaktelemente an mehreren Leiterzügen eines mehrphasigen Elektroenergieübertragungssystems und die
Figur 5- die erste Ausführungsvariante eines Kontaktelementes in einem Gittermodell.
- FIG. 1
- an electrical contact element in a first embodiment in a plan view, in a cross section along the axis II and in a cross section along the axis II-II, the
- FIG. 2
- a second embodiment of an electrical contact element in a plan view, in a cross section along the axis III-III and in a cross section along the axis IV-IV, the
- FIG. 3
- a cross section through an electrical contact element in a third embodiment mounted on a conductor, the
- FIG. 4
- the basic arrangement of a plurality of electrical contact elements on a plurality of circuit traces of a polyphase electric power transmission system and the
- FIG. 5
- the first embodiment of a contact element in a grid model.
Das elektrische Kontaktelement in seiner ersten Ausführungsvariante gemäß
Durch die Wahl einer quadratischen Grundfläche 1 ist in jeder der Seiten der Grundfläche 1 jeweils eine Mittelsenkrechte angeordnet. Die Mittelsenkrechten sind in radialer Richtung von der Hauptachse 2 gleich beabstandet. Die Mittelsenkrechten liegen in Richtung der Hauptachse 2 auf einer Kreisbahn verteilt um die Hauptachse 2.By choosing a
In den Querschnitten I-I und II-II ist erkenntlich, dass sich die Kontaktbuchse 3 durch das gesamte elektrische Kontaktelement hindurch erstreckt, so dass die Kontaktbuchse 3 sowohl in der Grundfläche 1 als auch in der sphärischen Deckfläche 4 Mündungsöffnungen aufweist. Die Kontaktbuchse 3 ist mit einer in ihrer Innenwand um die Hauptachse 2 umlaufenden Nut 7 ausgestattet. In die Nut 7 ist zumindest ein Kontaktierungselement 8 eingelegt. Das Kontaktierungselement 8 ist vorliegend eine in sich geschlossene Wurmfeder, welche unter Nutzung ihrer Federkraft in die Nut 7 eingespannt ist. Das Kontaktierungselement 8 überragt in radialer Richtung nach innen die Ausnehmung der Kontaktbuchse 3. Somit ist in die Kontaktbuchse 3 beispielsweise ein Kontaktierungsbolzen einfahrbar, welche an seiner äußeren Umfangsfläche mit dem Kontaktierungselement 8 elektrisch leitend in Kontakt treten kann. Das Kontaktierungselement 8 ist dazu reversibel verformbar und ermöglicht eine elektrische Kontaktierung des elektrischen Kontaktelementes mit dem Kontaktbolzen.It can be seen in the cross sections II and II-II that the
Bei der ersten Ausführungsvariante gemäß
In der Grundfläche 1 sind vier Gewindebohrungen 9a, 9b, 9c, 9d eingelassen. Mittels der Gewindebohrungen 9a, 9b, 9c, 9d kann die erste Ausgestaltungsvariante des elektrischen Kontaktelementes fixiert werden, beispielsweise kann das Kontaktelement auf einen elektrischen Leiterzug geschraubt werden, wodurch die Grundfläche 1 der elektrischen und mechanischen Kontaktierung mit dem elektrischen Leiterzug dient und zwischen der Grundfläche 1 und dem angepressten elektrischen Leiterzug eine elektrisch leitende Verbindung gebildet ist. Diese elektrisch leitende Verbindung wird durch Wandungen des elektrischen Kontaktelementes bis zu dem Kontaktierungselement 8 fortgeleitet, so dass das elektrische Potential eines tragenden elektrischen Leiterzuges bis zu dem Kontaktierungselement 8 geleitet wird.In the
Ausgehend von der
Wie bei der ersten Ausführungsvariante nach
Die
In der
Die
Die
In einer Alternative weist die Risslinie 6, d. h., der Querschnitt des Ellypsoids eine geringere Ausdehnung aus, als die Seitenlänge der Grundfläche 1, so dass bei einem stetigen Übergang der Mantelfläche zwischen Grundfläche 1 und sphärischer Deckfläche 4 die in der
Grundsätzlich sind die in den einzelnen Figuren gezeigten Ausgestaltungen hinsichtlich der Ausgestaltung von Mantelflächen, Kontaktierungselementen, Kontaktbuchsen, Gewindebohrungen usw. variabel, ohne den Charakter der Erfindung zu verändern. Insbesondere können beispielsweise die Stärke der Wölbung der sphärischen Deckflächen 4, radiale Ausdehnungen der sphärischen Deckfläche oder die Neigung der Mantelfläche variieren. In principle, the configurations shown in the individual figures are variable with regard to the configuration of lateral surfaces, contacting elements, contact bushings, threaded bores, etc., without changing the character of the invention. In particular, for example, the thickness of the curvature of the spherical
Claims (10)
- Electrical contact element having a primary axis (2) which pierces a polygonal base surface (1, 1a) of the contact element and a contact bushing (3, 3a) arranged around the primary axis (2), the orifice of which bushing opens into a top surface (4) which is arranged on a side of the contact element lying opposite to the base surface (1, la),
characterized in that
the top surface (4) is spherically curved and spans the base surface (1, la), while a sleeve surface (5) which connects the base surface (1, 1a) and the top surface (4) merges continuously from the polygonal base surface (1, 1a) into the spherical top surface (4). - Electrical contact piece according to Claim 1,
characterized in that
on its side facing the base surface (1, la), the sleeve surface (5) is designed at least partially in the manner of a sleeve surface (5) of a truncated pyramid, and the spherical top surface (4), rounded in the manner of an ellipsoid, merges continuously with the sleeve surface (5) of the truncated pyramid while eradicating body edges. - Electrical contact element according to Claim 1,
characterized in that
on its side facing the base surface (1, la), the sleeve surface (5) is designed at least partially in the manner of a sleeve surface (5) of a prism, and the spherical top surface (4), rounded in the manner of an ellipsoid, merges continuously with the sleeve surface (5) of the prism while eradicating body edges. - Electrical contact element according to Claim 2 or 3,
characterized in that
the continuous transition to the spherical top surface (4) takes place using sections which lie on a sleeve surface (5) of a circular cylinder. - Electrical contact element according to one of Claims 1 to 4,
characterized in that
body edges are eradicated in a rounded manner. - Electrical contact element according to one of Claims 1 to 4,
characterized in that
the sleeve surface (5) is curved concavely. - Electrical contact element according to one of Claims 1 to 5,
characterized in that
threaded holes (9a, 9b, 9c, 9d) are made in the base surface, the number of which corresponds to the number of corners of the base surface (1, 1a). - Electrical contact element according to one of Claims 1 to 6,
characterized in that
the base surface (1, 1a) and the top surface (4) are connected to one another in one piece. - Electrical contact element according to one of Claims 1 to 7,
characterized in that
the base surface (1, 1a) and the top surface (4) are electrically conducting. - Electrical contact element according to one of claims 1 to 8,
characterized in that
the contact bushing (3, 3a) opens into both the top surface (4) and into the base surface
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PL11700629T PL2526557T3 (en) | 2010-01-22 | 2011-01-07 | Electrical contact element with a major axis |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102010005945A DE102010005945A1 (en) | 2010-01-22 | 2010-01-22 | Electrical contact element with a main axis |
PCT/EP2011/050150 WO2011089035A1 (en) | 2010-01-22 | 2011-01-07 | Electrical contact element having a primary axis |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2526557A1 EP2526557A1 (en) | 2012-11-28 |
EP2526557B1 true EP2526557B1 (en) | 2014-05-07 |
Family
ID=43856163
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP11700629.6A Not-in-force EP2526557B1 (en) | 2010-01-22 | 2011-01-07 | Electrical contact element with a major axis |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US8834212B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2526557B1 (en) |
KR (1) | KR101431354B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN102714102B (en) |
BR (1) | BR112012018064A2 (en) |
DE (1) | DE102010005945A1 (en) |
PL (1) | PL2526557T3 (en) |
RU (1) | RU2530988C2 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2011089035A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
RU2755722C1 (en) * | 2019-01-09 | 2021-09-20 | общество с ограниченной ответственностью "ЗЭТО-Газовые Технологии" | Single-pole high-current connector |
Family Cites Families (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1742246A (en) * | 1926-01-02 | 1930-01-07 | Condit Electrical Mfg Corp | Electric switch and contact structure therefor |
GB2171856A (en) | 1985-02-15 | 1986-09-03 | Trw Connectors | Electrical connector component |
US5147227A (en) * | 1991-10-17 | 1992-09-15 | Amp Incorporated | Terminal retention device |
RU2024983C1 (en) * | 1992-02-03 | 1994-12-15 | Павел Николаевич Манташьян | Electric switch |
FR2709204B1 (en) | 1993-08-20 | 1995-09-22 | Gec Alsthom Engergie Inc | Female contact, especially for high voltage disconnector. |
FR2709882B1 (en) * | 1993-09-08 | 1995-10-20 | Gec Alsthom T & D Sa | Tulip-type electrical contact. |
US6139374A (en) * | 1995-07-25 | 2000-10-31 | Framatome Connectors Interlock Inc. | Connector assembly |
JPH09185970A (en) * | 1995-12-28 | 1997-07-15 | Yazaki Corp | Female terminal |
US5676571A (en) * | 1996-08-08 | 1997-10-14 | Elcon Products International | Socket contact with integrally formed hood and arc-arresting portion |
US5897404A (en) * | 1996-09-30 | 1999-04-27 | The Whitaker Corporation | Socket terminal |
DE19718448B4 (en) * | 1997-04-30 | 2009-02-05 | The Whitaker Corp., Wilmington | Electrical connector |
RU2275721C2 (en) * | 2004-05-19 | 2006-04-27 | Федеральное государственное унитарное предприятие "Государственный московский завод "Салют" | Revolving contact device |
DE102005012930A1 (en) * | 2005-03-15 | 2006-09-21 | Siemens Ag | Electrical contact arrangement with a first and a second contact piece |
US7658657B1 (en) * | 2009-02-26 | 2010-02-09 | Hubbell Incorporated | Single-pole electrical connector having a steel retaining spring |
FR2964260B1 (en) * | 2010-08-27 | 2012-09-14 | Souriau | FEMALE ELECTRICAL CONTACT, CONNECTOR ASSEMBLY AND METHOD OF MAKING |
-
2010
- 2010-01-22 DE DE102010005945A patent/DE102010005945A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2011
- 2011-01-07 PL PL11700629T patent/PL2526557T3/en unknown
- 2011-01-07 BR BR112012018064A patent/BR112012018064A2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2011-01-07 EP EP11700629.6A patent/EP2526557B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2011-01-07 WO PCT/EP2011/050150 patent/WO2011089035A1/en active Application Filing
- 2011-01-07 KR KR1020127019267A patent/KR101431354B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2011-01-07 RU RU2012136141/07A patent/RU2530988C2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2011-01-07 US US13/574,644 patent/US8834212B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2011-01-07 CN CN201180006109.0A patent/CN102714102B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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CN102714102A (en) | 2012-10-03 |
KR101431354B1 (en) | 2014-08-19 |
KR20120096103A (en) | 2012-08-29 |
CN102714102B (en) | 2016-02-17 |
DE102010005945A1 (en) | 2011-07-28 |
EP2526557A1 (en) | 2012-11-28 |
US8834212B2 (en) | 2014-09-16 |
PL2526557T3 (en) | 2014-10-31 |
WO2011089035A1 (en) | 2011-07-28 |
RU2530988C2 (en) | 2014-10-20 |
BR112012018064A2 (en) | 2019-09-24 |
US20120295492A1 (en) | 2012-11-22 |
RU2012136141A (en) | 2014-02-27 |
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