EP2524387B1 - Method and control unit for controlling an electrical component - Google Patents
Method and control unit for controlling an electrical component Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2524387B1 EP2524387B1 EP11700531.4A EP11700531A EP2524387B1 EP 2524387 B1 EP2524387 B1 EP 2524387B1 EP 11700531 A EP11700531 A EP 11700531A EP 2524387 B1 EP2524387 B1 EP 2524387B1
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- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- effect transistor
- field
- winding
- quenching
- linear mode
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 33
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 81
- 230000005669 field effect Effects 0.000 claims description 68
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims description 30
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012217 deletion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000037430 deletion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004590 computer program Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F02N11/00—Starting of engines by means of electric motors
- F02N11/08—Circuits or control means specially adapted for starting of engines
- F02N11/087—Details of the switching means in starting circuits, e.g. relays or electronic switches
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H47/00—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current
- H01H47/22—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current for supplying energising current for relay coil
- H01H47/32—Energising current supplied by semiconductor device
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F02N11/00—Starting of engines by means of electric motors
- F02N11/08—Circuits or control means specially adapted for starting of engines
- F02N11/0851—Circuits or control means specially adapted for starting of engines characterised by means for controlling the engagement or disengagement between engine and starter, e.g. meshing of pinion and engine gear
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F02N15/00—Other power-operated starting apparatus; Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from groups F02N5/00 - F02N13/00
- F02N15/02—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof
- F02N15/04—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the gearing including disengaging toothed gears
- F02N15/06—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the gearing including disengaging toothed gears the toothed gears being moved by axial displacement
- F02N15/067—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the gearing including disengaging toothed gears the toothed gears being moved by axial displacement the starter comprising an electro-magnetically actuated lever
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H50/00—Details of electromagnetic relays
- H01H50/44—Magnetic coils or windings
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the control of electrical components such as relays, transformers or solenoids which have an inductive load.
- Such an electrical component is the switching and engagement relay of a starter of a motor vehicle.
- a switching and / or engagement relay may be configured with a main winding and a quenching winding.
- the main winding assumes the function of a pull-in winding for the entry of the engagement relay.
- the second winding can act as a holding winding during operation. For switching both windings, a respective field effect transistor is provided.
- an electrical component has two coils, wherein when the magnetic flux is extinguished, the energy is substantially carried by a field effect transistor.
- the invention is based on the knowledge that the energy released during erasure is distributed over at least two field-effect transistors, so that an overload of a single field-effect transistor is avoided.
- the fact that the energy for canceling the coil current can be distributed to two field effect transistors can the two field effect transistors are dimensioned smaller. Furthermore, advantageously eliminates additional components for deletion of the coil current.
- a control unit for controlling an electrical component comprising a main winding, a trained as a switch of the main winding first field effect transistor for switching the main winding, a quenching winding for clearing the inductive load of the main winding when turning off the main winding and one as a switch of the quenching winding formed second field effect transistor for switching the quenching winding.
- the control device is suitable for operating the first field effect transistor in linear operation and the second field effect transistor in linear operation or in a clocked operation between the linear operation and a disconnected state during a shutdown of the quenching winding.
- the control unit can be implemented in terms of hardware or hardware and software technology.
- the control unit can be designed as a device, for example as a microprocessor, as a device or as part of a system, for example an automotive control device.
- the controller may be embodied as a computer program product, as a function, as a routine, as part of a program code, or as an executable object.
- the electrical component is preferably a switching and / or switch-on relay of a motor vehicle.
- the first field-effect transistor in the linear region and the second field-effect transistor are operated in the linear region or in the pulsed region during the switching-off operation of the erasing winding after the main winding has been extinguished and before the extinguishing winding is switched off.
- the energy released in erasing the main winding can be distributed to the two field effect transistors without the risk of destroying one of the field effect transistors when the erase winding is turned off.
- the first field effect transistor and the second field effect transistor are operated in the linear mode during the switch-off operation.
- the two contact resistances or drain / source resistances of the two field-effect transistors can be regulated in such a way that the input of the cut-off energies during the entire turn-off process in both field-effect transistors is the same.
- first field effect transistor and the second field effect transistor are driven during the shutdown such that the drain / source resistors of the first field effect transistor and the second field effect transistor are formed such that during the shutdown
- the energy contributions dissipated via the two field-effect transistors are preferably the same.
- the first field effect transistor in the linear range and the second field effect transistor in clocked operation are operated with a specific drain / source resistance during the turn-off operation.
- the clock of the clocked operation is set such that the magnetic flux is uniformly reduced and the currents through the main winding and the extinguishing winding steadily decrease.
- the currents can increase again.
- the clocked operation has pulses and pulse pauses for linear operation.
- a fixed duty cycle is advantageously not necessarily a fixed duty cycle.
- the control unit is adapted to operate the electrical component in an operating state with the first field effect transistor switched on and the second field effect transistor switched off, in an erased state with the first field effect transistor switched off and the second field effect transistor switched on, in a shutdown state with the first field effect transistor in the linear region and to operate the second field effect transistor in the linear range or a clocked operation and in an idle state with the first field effect transistor switched off and the second field effect transistor switched off.
- the control unit is advantageously configured to control the first FET by means of a first control signal and the second FET by means of a second control signal.
- the effect of the invention is based on that current is transferred from the quenching winding to the main winding by switching on the main winding before switching off the quenching winding. This distributes the shutdown energy to both FETs.
- the contact resistance of the first FET for the main winding is not sufficiently small, the effect can be enhanced by short-circuiting the erase winding.
- Fig. 1 a schematic block diagram of the device 1 according to the invention is shown.
- the device 1 has a main winding 2, a first FET 3, an erase winding 4, a second FET 5 and a core 6.
- the main winding 2 has a predetermined inductance L 1 , a resistance R 1 and a predetermined number of turns n 1 .
- the erase winding 3 has a predetermined inductance L 2 , a predetermined resistance R 2 and a predetermined number of turns n 2 .
- the main winding 2 and the quenching winding 4 are arranged around the common core 6, in particular wound.
- the first FET 3 is arranged as a switch for switching the main winding 2.
- the second FET 5 is arranged as a switch for switching the erase winding 4.
- the extinguishing winding 4 is set up in particular for extinguishing the inductive load of the main winding 2 when the main winding 2 is switched off.
- the component 1 has a control unit 7.
- the control unit 7 is adapted to the first FET 3 in the linear mode 8 and the second FET 5 in linear mode 8 or in a clocked operation 10 between the linear mode 8 and a switched-off state 9 at a shutdown 12 of the extinguishing coil 4 to operate (see Fig. 4 and 6 ).
- the first FET 3 is operated in the linear mode 8 and the second FET 5 in the linear mode 8 or in the clocked operation 10 during the turn-off 12 of the quenching coil 4 after the erasing operation of the main winding 2 and before turning off the quenching winding 4.
- the control unit controls the first FET 3 by means of a first control signal S 1 and the second FET 5 by means of a second control signal S 2 .
- FIG. 2 a schematic flow diagram of a first embodiment of the method according to the invention.
- Fig. 2 has the method steps 201 and 202 and is with reference to Fig. 1 described.
- the electronic component 1 is formed with a main winding 2, a first FET 3 designed as a switch of the main winding 2 for switching the main winding 2, a quenching winding 4 for extinguishing the inductive load of the main winding 2, and a switch for the quenching winding 4 second FET 5 for switching the quenching winding 4 is provided.
- the first FET 3 is operated in the linear mode 8 and the second FET 5 in the linear mode 8 or in a clocked mode 10 between the linear mode 8 and a switched-off state 9 in the turn-off operation 12 of the extinguishing coil 4.
- the switch-off process 12 is after the deletion process 11 and before the time of actual turn-off 13 of the two FETs 3 and 5 (see Fig. 4 and 6 ).
- Fig. 3 shows a schematic flow diagram of a second embodiment of the method according to the invention.
- the embodiment of Fig. 3 has the method steps 301 to 303 and is with reference to Fig. 4 described.
- Fig. 4 shows the time course of the drain / source resistors RS1 and RS2 of the first FETs 3 and the second FETs 5 in the method Fig. 3 ,
- the time axis t is the Fig. 4 in the erase state 11, shutdown state 12 and idle state 13 of the device 1 divided.
- the component 1 is operated in the extinguishing state 11.
- the first FET 3 is in a switched-off state 9, that is, the drain / source resistor RS1 is high-impedance.
- the second FET 3 is in a turned-on state 14, that is, the drain / source resistor RS2 is low-resistance, so that the energy released when the main winding 2 is turned off can be erased via the erase winding 4. This is referred to in particular as a holding state.
- the component 1 is operated in the switch-off state 12.
- the first FET 3 is operated in the linear mode 8.
- the second FET 5 is operated in the linear mode 8.
- step 303 the electrical device 1 is operated in the quiescent state 13, i. both FETs 3 and 5 are in the off state 9.
- Fig. 5 shows a schematic flow diagram of a third embodiment of the method according to the invention.
- the embodiment of Fig. 5 has the process steps 501 to 503 and is with reference to Fig. 6 described.
- Fig. 6 shows the time course of the drain / source resistors RS1 and RS2 of the first FETs 3 and the second FETs 5 in the method Fig. 5 ,
- the time axis t is the Fig. 6 also in the erase state 11, shutdown state 12 and idle state 13 of the device 1 divided.
- the component 1 is operated in the extinguished state 11.
- the first FET 3 is in a switched-off state 9, that is, the drain / source resistor RS1 is high-impedance.
- the second FET 3 is in an on state 14, that is, the drain / source resistor RS2 is low in resistance. This is referred to in particular as a holding state.
- the component 1 is operated in the switch-off state 12.
- the first FET 3 is operated in the linear mode 8.
- the second FET 5 is operated in a clocked operation 10.
- In the clocked operation 10 is alternately switched between the linear operation 8 and a disconnected state 9 back and forth.
- step 503 the electrical device 1 is operated in the quiescent state 13, i. both FETs 3 and 5 are in the off state 9.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Electronic Switches (AREA)
- Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)
Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft das Steuern von elektrischen Bauelementen wie Relais, Transformatoren oder Elektromagnete, welche eine induktive Last haben.The present invention relates to the control of electrical components such as relays, transformers or solenoids which have an inductive load.
Ein Beispiel für ein solches elektrisches Bauelement ist das Schalt- und Einrückrelais eines Starters eines Kraftfahrzeuges. Ein solches Schalt- und/oder Einrückrelais kann mit einer Hauptwicklung und einer Löschwicklung ausgestaltet sein. Dabei übernimmt die Hauptwicklung die Funktion einer Einzugswicklung zum Einzug des Einrückrelais. Die zweite Wicklung kann als Haltewicklung im Betrieb wirken. Zum Schalten beider Wicklungen ist ein jeweiliger Feldeffekttransistor vorgesehen.An example of such an electrical component is the switching and engagement relay of a starter of a motor vehicle. Such a switching and / or engagement relay may be configured with a main winding and a quenching winding. The main winding assumes the function of a pull-in winding for the entry of the engagement relay. The second winding can act as a holding winding during operation. For switching both windings, a respective field effect transistor is provided.
Gemäß einem intern der Anmelderin bekannten Stand der Technik hat ein elektrisches Bauelement zwei Spulen, wobei beim Löschen des magnetischen Flusses die Energie im Wesentlichen von einem Feldeffekttransistor getragen wird.According to a prior art known internally by the Applicant, an electrical component has two coils, wherein when the magnetic flux is extinguished, the energy is substantially carried by a field effect transistor.
Das Dokument
Die Erfindung basiert auf der Erkenntnis, die beim Löschen frei werdende Energie auf zumindest zwei Feldeffekttransistoren zu verteilen, so dass eine Überlastung eines einzelnen Feldeffekttransistors vermieden wird. Dadurch, dass die Energie zum Löschen des Spulenstromes auf zwei Feldeffekttransistoren verteilt werden kann, können die beiden Feldeffekttransistoren geringer dimensioniert werden. Des Weiteren entfallen vorteilhafterweise zusätzliche Bauteile zur Löschung des Spulenstroms.The invention is based on the knowledge that the energy released during erasure is distributed over at least two field-effect transistors, so that an overload of a single field-effect transistor is avoided. The fact that the energy for canceling the coil current can be distributed to two field effect transistors can the two field effect transistors are dimensioned smaller. Furthermore, advantageously eliminates additional components for deletion of the coil current.
Demgemäß wird ein Verfahren zum Steuern eines elektrischen Bauelementes vorgeschlagen, welches folgende Schritte hat:
- Bereitstellen des elektrischen Bauelements mit einer Hauptwicklung, einem als Schalter der Hauptwicklung ausgebildeten ersten Feldeffekttransistor (FET) zum Schalten der Hauptwicklung, einer Löschwicklung zum Löschen der induktiven Last der Hauptwicklung beim Abschalten der Hauptwicklung und einem als Schalter der Löschwicklung ausgebildeten zweiten Feldeffekttransistor (FET) zum Schalten der Löschwicklung, und
- Betreiben des ersten Feldeffekttransistors im Linearbetrieb und des zweiten Feldeffekttransistors im Linearbetrieb oder in einem getakteten Betrieb zwischen dem Linearbetrieb und einem abgeschalteten Zustand bei einem Abschaltvorgang der Löschwicklung.
- Providing the electrical component having a main winding, a first field effect transistor (FET) designed as a switch of the main winding, an erase winding for extinguishing the inductive load of the main winding when the main winding is switched off and a second field effect transistor (FET) designed as a switch of the erase winding Switching the quenching winding, and
- Operating the first field effect transistor in linear operation and the second field effect transistor in linear operation or in a clocked operation between the linear operation and a switched-off state in a shutdown of the quenching winding.
Ferner wird eine Steuereinheit zum Steuern eines elektrischen Bauelementes vorgeschlagen, wobei das elektrische Bauelement eine Hauptwicklung, einen als Schalter der Hauptwicklung ausgebildeten ersten Feldeffekttransistor zum Schalten der Hauptwicklung, eine Löschwicklung zum Löschen der induktiven Last der Hauptwicklung beim Abschalten der Hauptwicklung und einen als Schalter der Löschwicklung ausgebildeten zweiten Feldeffekttransistor zum Schalten der Löschwicklung aufweist. Dabei ist die Steuereinrichtung dazu geeignet, den ersten Feldeffekttransistor im Linearbetrieb und den zweiten Feldeffekttransistor im Linearbetrieb oder in einem getakteten Betrieb zwischen dem Linearbetrieb und einem abgeschalteten Zustand bei einem Abschaltvorgang der Löschwicklung zu betreiben.Further, a control unit for controlling an electrical component is proposed, wherein the electrical component comprises a main winding, a trained as a switch of the main winding first field effect transistor for switching the main winding, a quenching winding for clearing the inductive load of the main winding when turning off the main winding and one as a switch of the quenching winding formed second field effect transistor for switching the quenching winding. In this case, the control device is suitable for operating the first field effect transistor in linear operation and the second field effect transistor in linear operation or in a clocked operation between the linear operation and a disconnected state during a shutdown of the quenching winding.
Die Steuereinheit kann hardwaretechnisch oder auch hardware- und softwaretechnisch implementiert sein. Bei einer hardwaretechnischen Implementierung kann die Steuereinheit als Vorrichtung, zum Beispiel als Mikroprozessor, Einrichtung oder auch als Teil eines Systems, zum Beispiel eines Automobilsteuergerätes, ausgebildet sein. Bei einer hardware- und softwaretechnischen Implementierung kann die Steuereinheit als Computerprogrammprodukt, als eine Funktion, als eine Routine, als Teil eines Programmcodes oder als ausführbares Objekt ausgebildet sein.The control unit can be implemented in terms of hardware or hardware and software technology. In a hardware implementation, the control unit can be designed as a device, for example as a microprocessor, as a device or as part of a system, for example an automotive control device. In a hardware and software implementation, the controller may be embodied as a computer program product, as a function, as a routine, as part of a program code, or as an executable object.
Weiterhin wird ein elektrisches Bauteil mit einer wie oben erläuterten Steuereinheit vorgeschlagen.Furthermore, an electrical component with a control unit as explained above is proposed.
Das elektrische Bauteil ist dabei vorzugsweise ein Schalt- und/oder Einschaltrelais eines Kraftfahrzeuges.The electrical component is preferably a switching and / or switch-on relay of a motor vehicle.
Des Weiteren wird ein Starter oder Startersystem mit einem oder mehreren solchen elektrischen Bauteil vorgeschlagen.Furthermore, a starter or starter system with one or more such electrical component is proposed.
In den Unteransprüchen finden sich vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen und Ausgestaltungen des in Anspruch 1 angegebenen Verfahrens und der im Anspruch 8 angegebenen Steuereinheit.In the dependent claims are advantageous developments and refinements of the method specified in
Gemäß einer bevorzugten Weiterbildung werden der erste Feldeffekttransistor in dem Linearbereich und der zweite Feldeffekttransistor in dem Linearbereich oder in dem getakteten Bereich bei dem Abschaltvorgang der Löschwicklung nach dem Löschen der Hauptwicklung und vor dem Abschalten der Löschwicklung betrieben. Somit kann die bei dem Löschen der Hauptwicklung frei werdende Energie auf die beiden Feldeffekttransistoren verteilt werden, ohne der Gefahr einer Zerstörung einer der Feldeffekttransistoren bei dem Ausschalten der Löschwicklung.According to a preferred refinement, the first field-effect transistor in the linear region and the second field-effect transistor are operated in the linear region or in the pulsed region during the switching-off operation of the erasing winding after the main winding has been extinguished and before the extinguishing winding is switched off. Thus, the energy released in erasing the main winding can be distributed to the two field effect transistors without the risk of destroying one of the field effect transistors when the erase winding is turned off.
Gemäß einer weiteren bevorzugten Weiterbildung werden der erste Feldeffekttransistor und der zweite Feldeffekttransistor in dem Linearbetrieb während des Abschaltvorgangs betrieben.According to a further preferred development, the first field effect transistor and the second field effect transistor are operated in the linear mode during the switch-off operation.
Vorzugsweise können dabei die beiden Übergangswiderstände oder Drain/Source-Widerstände der beiden Feldeffekttransistoren derart geregelt werden, dass der Eintrag der Abschaltenergien während des gesamten Abschaltvorgangs in beiden Feldeffekttransistoren gleich ist.Preferably, the two contact resistances or drain / source resistances of the two field-effect transistors can be regulated in such a way that the input of the cut-off energies during the entire turn-off process in both field-effect transistors is the same.
Gemäß einer weiteren bevorzugten Weiterbildung werden der erste Feldeffekttransistor und der zweite Feldeffekttransistor während des Abschaltvorgangs derart angesteuert, dass die Drain/Source-Widerstände des ersten Feldeffekttransistors und des zweiten Feldeffekttransistors derart ausgebildet sind, dass die während des Abschaltvorgangs über die beiden Feldeffekttransistoren abgeführten Energiebeiträge vorzugsweise gleich sind.According to a further preferred development of the first field effect transistor and the second field effect transistor are driven during the shutdown such that the drain / source resistors of the first field effect transistor and the second field effect transistor are formed such that during the shutdown The energy contributions dissipated via the two field-effect transistors are preferably the same.
Gemäß einer weiteren bevorzugten Weiterbildung werden der erste Feldeffekttransistor im Linearbereich und der zweite Feldeffekttransistor im getakteten Betrieb mit einem bestimmten Drain/Source-Widerstand während des Abschaltvorganges betrieben.According to a further preferred refinement, the first field effect transistor in the linear range and the second field effect transistor in clocked operation are operated with a specific drain / source resistance during the turn-off operation.
Dabei wird vorzugweise der Takt des getakteten Betriebes derart eingestellt, dass der magnetische Fluss gleichmäßig abgebaut wird und die Ströme durch die Hauptwicklung und die Löschwicklung stetig sinken. Somit wird vorteilhafterweise vermieden, dass die Ströme wieder zunehmen können.In this case, preferably, the clock of the clocked operation is set such that the magnetic flux is uniformly reduced and the currents through the main winding and the extinguishing winding steadily decrease. Thus, it is advantageously avoided that the currents can increase again.
Gemäß einer weiteren bevorzugten Weiterbildung weist der getaktete Betrieb Pulse und Pulspausen für den Linearbetrieb auf. Somit muss vorteilhafterweise nicht notwendigerweise ein festes Taktverhältnis vorgegeben werden.In accordance with a further preferred development, the clocked operation has pulses and pulse pauses for linear operation. Thus advantageously not necessarily a fixed duty cycle must be specified.
Dies kann insbesondere dann besonders vorteilhaft eingesetzt werden, wenn aufgrund einer bestimmten Beschaltung der Feldeffekttransistoren nur ein bestimmter Übergangswiderstand bzw. Source/Drain-Widerstand eingestellt werden kann.This can be used particularly advantageously in particular if, due to a specific wiring of the field-effect transistors, only a specific contact resistance or source / drain resistance can be set.
Gemäß einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausgestaltung der Steuereinheit ist diese dazu eingerichtet, das elektrische Bauelement in einem Betriebszustand mit eingeschaltetem ersten Feldeffekttransistor und ausgeschaltetem zweiten Feldeffekttransistor, in einem Löschzustand mit ausgeschaltetem ersten Feldeffekttransistor und eingeschaltetem zweiten Feldeffekttransistor, in einem Abschaltzustand mit dem ersten Feldeffekttransistor im Linearbereich und dem zweiten Feldeffekttransistor im Linearbereich oder einem getakteten Betrieb und in einem Ruhezustand mit ausgeschaltetem ersten Feldeffekttransistor und ausgeschaltetem zweiten Feldeffekttransistor zu betreiben. Zur Einstellung des Betriebszustandes, des Löschzustandes, des Abschaltzustandes und des Ruhezustandes ist die Steuereinheit vorteilhafterweise dazu eingerichtet, den ersten FET mittels eines ersten Steuersignals und den zweiten FET mittels eines zweiten Steuersignals anzusteuern.According to a further preferred refinement of the control unit, the control unit is adapted to operate the electrical component in an operating state with the first field effect transistor switched on and the second field effect transistor switched off, in an erased state with the first field effect transistor switched off and the second field effect transistor switched on, in a shutdown state with the first field effect transistor in the linear region and to operate the second field effect transistor in the linear range or a clocked operation and in an idle state with the first field effect transistor switched off and the second field effect transistor switched off. For setting the operating state, the extinguishing state, the switch-off state and the idle state, the control unit is advantageously configured to control the first FET by means of a first control signal and the second FET by means of a second control signal.
In beiden Fällen des Betriebes des zweiten FETs bei dem Abschaltvorgang, nämlich im Linearbetrieb oder in dem getakteten Betrieb, beruht der erfindungsgemäße Effekt darauf, dass durch das Zuschalten der Hauptwicklung vor dem Abschalten der Löschwicklung Strom von der Löschwicklung auf die Hauptwicklung übertragen wird. Dadurch wird die Abschaltenergie auf beide FETs verteilt. Insbesondere wenn der Übergangswiderstand des ersten FETs für die Hauptwicklung nicht ausreichend klein ist, kann der Effekt durch ein kurzzeitiges Abschalten der Löschwicklung verstärkt werden.In both cases of the operation of the second FET in the turn-off, namely in linear operation or in the pulsed operation, the effect of the invention is based on that current is transferred from the quenching winding to the main winding by switching on the main winding before switching off the quenching winding. This distributes the shutdown energy to both FETs. In particular, when the contact resistance of the first FET for the main winding is not sufficiently small, the effect can be enhanced by short-circuiting the erase winding.
Weitere Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung sind in den Zeichnungen dargestellt und in der nachfolgenden Beschreibung näher erläutert. Es zeigen:
- Fig. 1
- ein schematisches Blockschaltbild eines erfindungsgemäßen Bauelements,
- Fig. 2
- ein schematisches Ablaufdiagramm eines ersten Ausführungsbeispiels des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens,
- Fig. 3
- ein schematisches Ablaufdiagramm eines zweiten Ausführungsbeispiels des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens,
- Fig. 4
- den zeitlichen Verlauf der Drain/Source-Widerstandes des ersten FETs und des zweiten FETs beim Verfahren nach
Fig. 3 , - Fig. 5
- ein schematisches Ablaufdiagramm eines dritten Ausführungsbeispiels des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens, und
- Fig. 6
- die zeitlichen Verläuft der Drain/Source-Widerstände des ersten FETs und des zweiten FETs beim Verfahren nach
Fig. 5 .
- Fig. 1
- a schematic block diagram of a device according to the invention,
- Fig. 2
- a schematic flow diagram of a first embodiment of the method according to the invention,
- Fig. 3
- a schematic flow diagram of a second embodiment of the method according to the invention,
- Fig. 4
- the time course of the drain / source resistance of the first FET and the second FET in the process according to
Fig. 3 . - Fig. 5
- a schematic flow diagram of a third embodiment of the method according to the invention, and
- Fig. 6
- the time lapse of the drain / source resistances of the first FET and the second FET in the process
Fig. 5 ,
In
Das erfindungsgemäße Bauelement 1 hat eine Hauptwicklung 2, einen ersten FET 3, eine Löschwicklung 4, einen zweiten FET 5 und einen Kern 6. Die Hauptwicklung 2 hat eine vorbestimmte Induktivität L1, einen Widerstand R1 und eine vorbestimmte Windungszahl n1. Analog hat die Löschwicklung 3 eine vorbestimmte Induktivität L2, einen vorbestimmten Widerstand R2 und eine vorbestimmte Windungszahl n2. Die Hauptwicklung 2 und die Löschwicklung 4 sind um den gemeinsamen Kern 6 angeordnet, insbesondere gewickelt. Der erste FET 3 ist als Schalter zum Schalten der Hauptwicklung 2 eingerichtet. Weiter ist der zweite FET 5 als Schalter zum Schalten der Löschwicklung 4 eingerichtet. Dabei ist die Löschwicklung 4 insbesondere zum Löschen der induktiven Last der Hauptwicklung 2 beim Abschalten der Hauptwicklung 2 eingerichtet.The
Weiter hat das Bauelement 1 eine Steuereinheit 7. Die Steuereinheit 7 ist dazu eingerichtet, den ersten FET 3 in dem Linearbetrieb 8 und den zweiten FET 5 im Linearbetrieb 8 oder in einem getakteten Betrieb 10 zwischen dem Linearbetrieb 8 und einem abgeschaltetem Zustand 9 bei einem Abschaltvorgang 12 der Löschwicklung 4 zu betreiben (siehe
Vorzugsweise wird der erste FET 3 in dem Linearbetrieb 8 und der zweite FET 5 in dem Linearbetrieb 8 oder in dem getakteten Betrieb 10 während des Abschaltvorgangs 12 der Löschwicklung 4 nach dem Löschvorgang der Hauptwicklung 2 und vor einem Ausschalten der Löschwicklung 4 betrieben. Dazu steuert die Steuereinheit den ersten FET 3 mittels eines ersten Steuersignals S1 und den zweiten FET 5 mittels eines zweiten Steuersignals S2 an.Preferably, the
Weiter zeigt
Das Ausführungsbeispiel der
In dem Verfahrensschritt 202 wird der erste FET 3 in dem Linearbetrieb 8 und der zweite FET 5 in dem Linearbetrieb 8 oder in einem getakteten Betrieb 10 zwischen dem Linearbetrieb 8 und einem abgeschalteten Zustand 9 bei dem Abschaltvorgang 12 der Löschwicklung 4 betrieben. Der Abschaltvorgang 12 liegt nach dem Löschvorgang 11 und vor dem Zeitpunkt des tatsächlichen Ausschaltens 13 der beiden FETs 3 und 5 (siehe
In dem Verfahrensschritt 301 wird das Bauelement 1 in dem Löschzustand 11 betrieben. In dem Löschzustand 11 ist der erste FET 3 in einem abgeschalteten Zustand 9, das heißt der Drain/Source-Widerstand RS1 ist hochohmig. Weiter ist in dem Löschzustand 11 der zweite FET 3 in einem eingeschalteten Zustand 14, das heißt der Drain/Source-Widerstand RS2 ist niederohmig, so dass die beim Abschalten der Hauptwicklung 2 frei werdende Energie über die Löschwicklung 4 gelöscht werden kann. Dies wird insbesondere als Haltezustand bezeichnet.In the
In dem Verfahrensschritt 302 wird das Bauelement 1 in dem Abschaltzustand 12 betrieben. Dabei wird der erste FET 3 in dem Linearbetrieb 8 betrieben. Ebenso wird der zweite FET 5 in dem Linearbetrieb 8 betrieben.In the
In dem Verfahrensschritt 303 wird das elektrische Bauelement 1 in dem Ruhezustand 13 betrieben, d.h. beiden FETs 3 und 5 sind in dem ausgeschalteten Zustand 9.In
In dem Verfahrensschritt 501 wird das Bauelement 1 in dem Löschzustand 11 betrieben. In dem Löschzustand 11 ist der erste FET 3 in einem abgeschalteten Zustand 9, das heißt der Drain/Source-Widerstand RS1 ist hochohmig. Weiter ist in dem Löschzustand 11 der zweite FET 3 in einem eingeschalteten Zustand 14, das heißt der Drain/Source-Widerstand RS2 ist niederohmig. Das wird insbesondere als Haltezustand bezeichnet.In
In dem Verfahrensschritt 502 wird das Bauelement 1 in dem Abschaltzustand 12 betrieben. Somit wird der erste FET 3 in dem Linearbetrieb 8 betrieben. Weiter wird der zweite FET 5 in einem getakteten Betrieb 10 betrieben. In dem getakteten Betrieb 10 wird zwischen dem Linearbetrieb 8 und einem abgeschalteten Zustand 9 abwechselnd hin und her geschaltet.In
In dem Verfahrensschritt 503 wird das elektrische Bauelement 1 in dem Ruhezustand 13 betrieben, d.h. beiden FETs 3 und 5 sind in dem ausgeschalteten Zustand 9.In
Claims (13)
- Method for controlling an electrical component (1), comprising:providing the electrical component (1) with a primary winding (2), a quenching winding (4) for quenching the inductive load of the primary winding (2) on disconnection of the primary winding (2), characterized by a first field-effect transistor (3) in the form of a switch of the primary winding (2) for switching the primary winding (2) and a second field-effect transistor (5) in the form of a switch of the quenching winding (4) for switching the quenching winding (4), and bythe operation of the first field-effect transistor (3) in the linear mode (8) and the second field-effect transistor (5) in the linear mode (8) or in a clocked mode (10) between the linear mode (8) and a disconnected state (9) in the event of a disconnection operation (12) of the quenching winding (4).
- Method according to Claim 1, wherein the first field-effect transistor (3) is operated in the linear mode (8) and the second field-effect transistor (5) is operated in the linear mode (8) or in the clocked mode (10) during the disconnection operation (12) after quenching of the primary winding (2) and prior to disconnection of the quenching winding (4).
- Method according to Claim 1 or 2, wherein the first field-effect transistor (3) and the second field-effect transistor (5) are operated in the linear mode (8) during the disconnection operation (12).
- Method according to Claim 3, wherein the first field-effect transistor (3) and the second field-effect transistor (5) are controlled during the disconnection operation (12) in such a way that the drain/source resistances (RS1, RS2) of the first and second field-effect transistors (3, 5) are designed in such a way that the energies dissipated via the two field-effect transistors (3, 5) during the disconnection operation (12) are substantially identical.
- Method according to Claim 1 or 2, wherein the first field-effect transistor (3) is operated in the linear mode (8) and the second field-effect transistor (5) is operated in the clocked mode (10) with a specific drain/source resistance (RS1, RS2) during the disconnection operation (12).
- Method according to Claim 1 or 2, wherein the first field-effect transistor (3) is operated in the linear mode (8) and the second field-effect transistor (5) is operated in the clocked mode (10) with a specific drain/source resistance (RS1, RS2) during the disconnection operation (12), wherein the clock of the clocked mode (10) is set in such a way that the magnetic flux is reduced uniformly and the currents through the primary winding (2) and the quenching winding (4) decrease continuously.
- Method according to Claim 6, wherein the clocked mode has pulses and interpulse periods for the linear mode (8).
- Control unit (7) for controlling an electrical component (1),
wherein the electrical component (1) has a primary winding (2), a first field-effect transistor (3) in the form of a switch of the primary winding (2) for switching the primary winding (2), a quenching winding (4) for quenching the inductive load of the primary winding (2) on disconnection of the primary winding (2) and a second field-effect transistor (5) in the form of a switch of the quenching winding (4) for switching the quenching winding (4),
wherein the control device (7) is designed to operate the field-effect transistor (3) in the linear mode (8) and the second field-effect transistor (5) in the linear mode (8) or in a clocked mode (10) between the linear mode (8) and the disconnected state (9) in the event of a disconnection operation (12) of the quenching winding (4). - Control unit according to Claim 8,
wherein the control unit (7) is designed to operate the electrical component (1) in an operating state with the first field-effect transistor (3) switched on and the second field-effect transistor (5) switched off, in a quenching state (11) with the first field-effect transistor (3) switched off and the second field-effect transistor (5) switched on, in a disconnection state (12) with the first field-effect transistor (3) in the linear mode (8) and the second field-effect transistor (5) in the linear mode (8) or in the clocked mode (10) and in a quiescent state (13) with the first field-effect transistor (3) switched off and the second field-effect transistor (5) switched off. - Control unit according to Claim 9,
wherein the control unit (7) actuates the first field-effect transistor (3) by means of a first control signal (S1) and the second field-effect transistor (5) by means of a second control signal (S2) in order to set the operating state, the quenching state (11), the disconnection state (12) and the quiescent state (13). - Electrical component (1) comprising a control unit (7) according to one of Claims 8 to 10.
- Electrical component according to Claim 11, wherein the electrical component (1) is in the form of a switching and starter relay for a starter of a motor vehicle.
- Starter comprising an electrical component (1) according to Claim 12.
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102010000883 | 2010-01-14 | ||
DE102010000887 | 2010-01-14 | ||
DE102010029231A DE102010029231A1 (en) | 2010-01-14 | 2010-05-21 | Electric component and method for controlling an electrical component |
PCT/EP2011/050366 WO2011086112A1 (en) | 2010-01-14 | 2011-01-13 | Method and control unit for controlling an electrical component |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2524387A1 EP2524387A1 (en) | 2012-11-21 |
EP2524387B1 true EP2524387B1 (en) | 2014-03-19 |
Family
ID=43778290
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP11700531.4A Active EP2524387B1 (en) | 2010-01-14 | 2011-01-13 | Method and control unit for controlling an electrical component |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US8760836B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2524387B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP5372266B2 (en) |
CN (1) | CN102725813B (en) |
DE (1) | DE102010029231A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2011086112A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102010003485A1 (en) * | 2010-03-30 | 2011-10-06 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Switching device, starting device and method of an electromagnetic switching device |
DE102014218010A1 (en) * | 2014-09-09 | 2016-03-10 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Apparatus and method for generating a signal with an adjustable duty cycle |
DE102019130431A1 (en) * | 2019-11-12 | 2021-05-12 | Seg Automotive Germany Gmbh | Method for determining a state of charge of a vehicle battery of a vehicle |
Family Cites Families (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3441810A (en) * | 1966-12-21 | 1969-04-29 | Plessey Airborne Corp | Multiple-mode solid-state time delay apparatus including charge-monitoring timing circuits |
JPS5828078A (en) * | 1981-08-11 | 1983-02-18 | Nachi Fujikoshi Corp | Solenoid operating valve |
JP2559434Y2 (en) * | 1991-06-26 | 1998-01-19 | いすゞ自動車株式会社 | Electromagnetic drive valve |
US5909352A (en) | 1996-05-29 | 1999-06-01 | S.J. Electro Systems, Inc. | Alternator circuit for use in a liquid level control system |
JP3545622B2 (en) * | 1998-12-24 | 2004-07-21 | 三菱電機株式会社 | Switch control device for starting motor |
JP2003021433A (en) * | 2001-07-11 | 2003-01-24 | Saginomiya Seisakusho Inc | Driving device for fluid control valve and air conditioner |
AU2002365525A1 (en) * | 2001-11-29 | 2003-06-10 | Matsushita Electric Works, Ltd. | Elecromagnetic switching apparatus |
JP2004092754A (en) * | 2002-08-30 | 2004-03-25 | Nikki Co Ltd | Solenoid valve |
DE10336858A1 (en) * | 2003-08-11 | 2005-03-24 | Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH | Electronic ballast for a lamp to be operated with iterative voltage pulses |
JP4830469B2 (en) * | 2005-12-01 | 2011-12-07 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Solenoid valve control device |
US8023572B2 (en) * | 2006-11-29 | 2011-09-20 | Dell Products, Lp | Communication interface employing a differential circuit and method of use |
FR2919421B1 (en) * | 2007-07-23 | 2018-02-16 | Schneider Electric Industries Sas | ELECTROMAGNETIC ACTUATOR HAVING AT LEAST TWO WINDINGS |
-
2010
- 2010-05-21 DE DE102010029231A patent/DE102010029231A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2011
- 2011-01-13 CN CN201180006017.2A patent/CN102725813B/en active Active
- 2011-01-13 EP EP11700531.4A patent/EP2524387B1/en active Active
- 2011-01-13 WO PCT/EP2011/050366 patent/WO2011086112A1/en active Application Filing
- 2011-01-13 US US13/522,246 patent/US8760836B2/en active Active
- 2011-01-13 JP JP2012548428A patent/JP5372266B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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US20130049819A1 (en) | 2013-02-28 |
US8760836B2 (en) | 2014-06-24 |
JP2013517414A (en) | 2013-05-16 |
CN102725813B (en) | 2016-01-27 |
WO2011086112A1 (en) | 2011-07-21 |
JP5372266B2 (en) | 2013-12-18 |
CN102725813A (en) | 2012-10-10 |
DE102010029231A1 (en) | 2011-07-21 |
EP2524387A1 (en) | 2012-11-21 |
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