EP2508687A1 - Method and device for protecting the extremity of an anchor cable - Google Patents

Method and device for protecting the extremity of an anchor cable Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2508687A1
EP2508687A1 EP12162731A EP12162731A EP2508687A1 EP 2508687 A1 EP2508687 A1 EP 2508687A1 EP 12162731 A EP12162731 A EP 12162731A EP 12162731 A EP12162731 A EP 12162731A EP 2508687 A1 EP2508687 A1 EP 2508687A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sleeves
skirt
strands
cable
front side
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP12162731A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2508687B1 (en
Inventor
Stéphane JOYE
Yannick Le Goff
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Soletanche Freyssinet SA
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Soletanche Freyssinet SA
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Publication date
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Priority to PL12162731T priority Critical patent/PL2508687T3/en
Publication of EP2508687A1 publication Critical patent/EP2508687A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2508687B1 publication Critical patent/EP2508687B1/en
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C5/00—Reinforcing elements, e.g. for concrete; Auxiliary elements therefor
    • E04C5/08—Members specially adapted to be used in prestressed constructions
    • E04C5/12—Anchoring devices
    • E04C5/122—Anchoring devices the tensile members are anchored by wedge-action
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
    • E01D11/00—Suspension or cable-stayed bridges
    • E01D11/04—Cable-stayed bridges
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
    • E01D19/00—Structural or constructional details of bridges
    • E01D19/14—Towers; Anchors ; Connection of cables to bridge parts; Saddle supports
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
    • E01D19/00—Structural or constructional details of bridges
    • E01D19/16—Suspension cables; Cable clamps for suspension cables ; Pre- or post-stressed cables

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of structural cables used in construction. It applies in particular to the anchoring of the stays or prestressing cables.
  • These structural cables are commonly composed of several parallel strands, such as strands. Their ends are anchored with blocks traversed by orifices where the strands are individually blocked, for example by means of slotted frustoconical jaws.
  • the strands have excess lengths beyond the anchor blocks, which can hold them during the tensioning and anchoring of the cable. It is customary to keep this excess length so as to possibly relax the cable later.
  • this excess length can be 3 millimeters per meter of cable.
  • the excess length can become quite bulky.
  • the metal of the strands is exposed in the anchoring zone.
  • a cover is placed over the length of the strands protruding from the front face of the anchoring system, and the inside of this cover is injected with a filling product such as wax, grease, polymer , a resin or a grout of cement.
  • the length of the cover must be greater than the excess lengths of the strands protruding from the anchoring system.
  • the hood is bulky in the case of relatively long cables.
  • the size of the layout of the front side of the anchor can be problematic in some configurations.
  • the shrouds 12 generally form plies of cables inclined on either side of the pylon 14, as illustrated by FIG. figure 1 .
  • the anchors 15 facing each other in the tower 14 the bulkiness of the covers may cause a problem of geometrical conflict, as in the case of the hoods 16 drawn in broken lines on the figure 2 .
  • the size of the device is reduced because it is no longer necessary to provide that a cylindrical volume wider than the set of strands emerging anchoring system, and longer than the excess lengths of these strands, is reserved for a protective cover at the front of the anchoring system.
  • Much of the excess length of the strands is contained in a simple sheath of substantially smaller cross section than the skirt, containing a number restricted strands of the cable, preferably a single strand.
  • the sleeves are less rigid than the strands of the cable, which makes it possible to bend the covered strands of the sleeves if this is necessary for an intervention or to allow the crossing of two cable terminations.
  • the sleeves will also be less rigid than the skirt.
  • connection between the skirt and the sleeves can be achieved by gluing or welding.
  • the connection between the skirt and the sleeves comprises an active gland type system.
  • This system may in particular comprise three parallel plates traversed by orifices arranged to allow the sleeves to pass, among which two rigid plates sandwich a deformable plate.
  • One of the rigid plates has its periphery connected to the skirt.
  • the gland-type system further comprises an actuating mechanism for pressing the two rigid plates towards one another and thus compressing the deformable plate between them to ensure a seal along the passage of the sleeves.
  • the sleeves contain soft fillers before they are installed on the end portions of the strands of the cable.
  • the block 22 belongs to an anchoring system further comprising a bearing surface of the structure equipped with the cable, against which the block is applied directly or indirectly.
  • the system can optionally still include one or more intermediate support plates, a nut to adjust the cable tension, etc.
  • the number of parallel strands 20 of which the cable is composed is arbitrary. Only two strands are represented on the figure 3 so as not to overload the drawing.
  • the anchor block 22 is traversed, between its rear face 22a and its front face 22b, by channels arranged to individually receive the strands 20 of the cable. Such a channel flares towards the front face 22b of the block to accommodate the jaw 24 around the strand 20. The jaw 24 thus immobilizes the strand 20 in its channel by wedge effect under the effect of the traction of the cable.
  • each strand 20 protrudes on the front side of the anchoring system.
  • the length can be several tens of centimeters.
  • the common portion of the two-part cowl consists of a skirt 26 that extends from the front side of the anchoring system.
  • the skirt 26 is for example made of metal or plastic. It is fixed to the anchoring system by means not shown on the figure 3 , which may comprise for example a fastening flange bolted to the block 22 or another element of the anchoring system, or a thread formed on the inner face of the skirt and engaging on a complementary filter provided on the periphery of the block. 22.
  • a seal is provided between the rear side of the skirt 26 and the front side of the anchoring system to prevent leakage of the filling product which will be injected into the skirt.
  • the skirt 26 is applied against the front face 22b of the anchor block 22 via a seal 28. It will be understood that it can also be applied against an element of the anchoring system other than the block 22, by sealing around its bearing area. It suffices that the skirt, once applied to the structure and covered on its front side, delimits in a substantially watertight manner a chamber enclosing the excess lengths of the strands 20.
  • the skirt 26 can be made in one piece with a system part anchor.
  • the individual part of the two-part hood consists of sleeves 30 which each contain the end portion 21 of one of the strands 20 of the cable. Their cross section is slightly larger than that of the strands 20.
  • each sleeve 30 has its end hermetically closed by a plug 32 which covers this end.
  • the sleeves 30 are preferably less rigid than the skirt 26. They can thus be bent individually without deforming the skirt 26. They can also be configured to be less rigid than the strands 20 of the cable so as not to significantly reduce the ability to flex the end portions 21 they contain.
  • the sleeves 30 may be made of plastic, such as a polyolefin. Low density polyethylene (HDPE) is a suitable choice of material.
  • HDPE Low density polyethylene
  • the sleeves 30 are connected to the skirt 26 by a connection which can take various forms.
  • One possibility is to glue or weld the sleeves on the skirt, which then has a perforated front face, the sleeves 30 being engaged in the perforations to be welded on their periphery.
  • Such an embodiment is particularly suitable if the skirt 26 and the sleeves 30 are designed to form a prefabricated cover member.
  • FIG. 3 Another possibility, illustrated by the figure 3 , is to make the connection between the skirt 26 and the sleeves 30 with the aid of an active system of the stuffing box type.
  • the gland type system shown on the figure 3 comprises two rigid plates 40, 42, one of which, for example the inner plate 40, is secured on its periphery with the inner face of the skirt 26 and the other is movable.
  • These plates 40, 42 are traversed with orifices of slightly larger cross-section than the individual cross section of a sheath 30 and aligned with the positions of the strands 20 emerging from the front face of the anchoring block 22. orifices thus allow the sleeves 30 positioned on the end portions 21 of the strands 20 to pass.
  • another plate 44 of the same shape is sandwiched. This plate 44 is of deformable material such as an elastomer.
  • An actuating mechanism consisting for example of several threaded rods 46 distributed around the periphery of the plates 40, 42, 44 and associated with respective nuts 48, is used to press the rigid plates 40, 42 towards each other.
  • the deformable plate 44 is then compressed to seal around the sleeves 30.
  • each threaded rod 46 is engaged in a tapping formed in the inner rigid plate 40 and passes through holes formed in alignment in the other plates 44 and 42.
  • the tightening of the nut 48 on the threaded rod 46 of the front side of the system, against the front face of the plate 42 then carries out the reversible actuation of the gland.
  • the assembly operations of the device consist in starting by setting up the skirt 26 against the front side of the anchoring system and to equip the plates 40, 42, 44 of the skirt-sleeves connection, without tightening them.
  • the sleeves 30 are then threaded onto the end portions 21 of the strands 20. It is convenient to introduce a flexible filler, for example grease, in the sleeves 30 in order to limit the risk of gaps remaining in the gaps. at the end of the operation.
  • the stuffing box is then tightened to seal the chamber 50 delimited by the front side of the anchoring system, the skirt 26 and the inner plate 40.
  • a filling product 52 is injected into the volume of the chamber 50.
  • This filler 52 has protective properties of the metal against corrosion. This is for example a petroleum wax, a grease, a resin, a polymer, etc. It is injected in fluid form through an injection orifice (not shown) typically placed at a low point of the chamber. A vent can be positioned at a high point of the chamber to evacuate the air it contains during the injection. Once the filling product 52 overflows through the vent, it is sealed, as well as the injection port.
  • the figure 4 schematically shows the adjacent anchoring heads of two guys with a similar layout to that of the figure 2 . It is seen that, while being protected, the excess lengths of the strands 20 of the two cables can intersect, which facilitates the flexibility of the sleeves 30. The geometric problem that we had with conventional protections in the case of the figure 2 is thus solved.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Bridges Or Land Bridges (AREA)
  • Devices Affording Protection Of Roads Or Walls For Sound Insulation (AREA)

Abstract

The device has a skirt (26) extending from a front side (22b) of an anchoring system and placed around tendons (20) of a structural cable. Sleeves (30) are placed around the tendons and sealed beyond corresponding end portions (21) of the tendons. The skirt and the sleeves are connected by a connector that encloses a chamber (50) defined by the front side of the system, the skirt and the sleeves, where the connector is provided with an active stuffing box system. A soft or pliable filling product (52) e.g. petroleum wax, grease, resin and polymer, is filled in an inner volume of the chamber. An independent claim is also included for a method for protecting an end of a cable.

Description

La présente invention concerne le domaine des câbles de structure utilisés dans la construction. Elle s'applique en particulier à l'ancrage des haubans ou des câbles de précontrainte.The present invention relates to the field of structural cables used in construction. It applies in particular to the anchoring of the stays or prestressing cables.

Ces câbles de structure sont couramment composés de plusieurs brins parallèles, comme par exemple des torons. Leurs extrémités sont ancrées à l'aide de blocs traversés d'orifices où les brins sont individuellement bloqués, par exemple au moyen de mors tronconiques fendus. Les brins ont des surlongueurs au-delà des blocs d'ancrage, qui permettent de les tenir lors de la mise en tension et de l'ancrage du câble. Il est d'usage de conserver cette surlongueur de manière à pouvoir éventuellement détendre le câble ultérieurement.These structural cables are commonly composed of several parallel strands, such as strands. Their ends are anchored with blocks traversed by orifices where the strands are individually blocked, for example by means of slotted frustoconical jaws. The strands have excess lengths beyond the anchor blocks, which can hold them during the tensioning and anchoring of the cable. It is customary to keep this excess length so as to possibly relax the cable later.

À titre d'exemple, cette surlongueur peut être de 3 millimètres par mètre de câble. Pour les câbles de grande longueur (par exemple plusieurs centaines de mètres), la surlongueur peut devenir assez encombrante.By way of example, this excess length can be 3 millimeters per meter of cable. For cables of great length (for example several hundred meters), the excess length can become quite bulky.

Un souci constant des personnes qui mettent en oeuvre de tels câbles de structure est la protection du métal des brins contre la corrosion. Diverses techniques de protection anticorrosion sont utilisées dans la partie courante du câble et au niveau des ancrages (voir par exemple WO 01/20098 A1 ).A constant concern of those who use such structural cables is the protection of the metal of the strands against corrosion. Various corrosion protection techniques are used in the common part of the cable and at anchorages (see for example WO 01/20098 A1 ).

En général, le métal des brins est mis à nu dans la zone d'ancrage. Un capot est mis en place par-dessus la surlongueur des brins qui dépasse de la face avant du système d'ancrage, et l'intérieur de ce capot est injecté avec un produit de remplissage tel qu'une cire, une graisse, un polymère, une résine ou encore un coulis de ciment. La longueur du capot doit être supérieure aux surlongueurs des brins qui dépassent du système d'ancrage. Le capot est donc encombrant dans le cas de câbles relativement longs.In general, the metal of the strands is exposed in the anchoring zone. A cover is placed over the length of the strands protruding from the front face of the anchoring system, and the inside of this cover is injected with a filling product such as wax, grease, polymer , a resin or a grout of cement. The length of the cover must be greater than the excess lengths of the strands protruding from the anchoring system. The hood is bulky in the case of relatively long cables.

L'encombrement de l'aménagement du côté avant de l'ancrage peut être problématique dans certaines configurations. Un exemple d'une telle configuration et celui des ancrages de haubans sur les pylônes de ponts haubanés. Les haubans 12 forment en général des nappes de câbles inclinés de part et d'autre du pylône 14, comme l'illustre la figure 1. Lorsque les ancrages 15 se font face dans le pylône 14, l'encombrement des capots peut entraîner un problème de conflit géométrique, comme dans le cas des capots 16 dessinés en traits interrompus sur la figure 2.The size of the layout of the front side of the anchor can be problematic in some configurations. An example of such a configuration and that of guy anchors on guyed bridge towers. The shrouds 12 generally form plies of cables inclined on either side of the pylon 14, as illustrated by FIG. figure 1 . When the anchors 15 facing each other in the tower 14, the bulkiness of the covers may cause a problem of geometrical conflict, as in the case of the hoods 16 drawn in broken lines on the figure 2 .

Une solution pour traiter ce problème consiste à réaliser des capots de forme courbe. Toutefois, cette solution n'est pas satisfaisante. L'énergie nécessaire pour courber le faisceau de brins et le maintenir dans cette position est très élevée. Les fixations du capot doivent alors être particulièrement robustes. De ce fait, toute opération de maintenance impliquant l'ouverture du capot est délicate. De plus, un capot de forme courbe peut rendre impossible le positionnement du vérin servant à manipuler les brins du câble.One solution for dealing with this problem is to make curved hoods. However, this solution is not satisfactory. The energy required to bend the bundle of strands and maintain it in this position is very high. The fasteners of the cover must then be particularly robust. As a result, any maintenance operation involving the opening of the cover is difficult. In addition, a curved hood can make it impossible to position the jack used to manipulate the strands of the cable.

Il existe donc un besoin pour une conception de la protection des surlongueurs des brins d'un câble ancré, qui limite l'incidence des problèmes d'encombrement ci-dessus.There is therefore a need for a design of the protection of wire lengths of an anchored cable, which limits the incidence of congestion problems above.

Il est proposé un dispositif de protection d'une extrémité d'un câble composé d'un ensemble de brins tenus individuellement dans un système d'ancrage, les brins ayant des parties d'extrémité respectives qui dépassent sur un côté avant du système d'ancrage. Ce dispositif comprend:

  • une jupe s'étendant à partir du côté avant du système d'ancrage et placée autour de l'ensemble de brins;
  • plusieurs fourreaux, chaque fourreau étant placé autour d'au moins un brin respectif du câble et étant obturé au-delà de la partie d'extrémité de ce brin;
  • une connexion entre la jupe et les fourreaux pour fermer une chambre délimitée par le côté avant du système d'ancrage, la jupe et les fourreaux, la connexion comprenant un système actif de type presse-étoupe; et
  • un produit de remplissage comblant le volume de la chambre.
There is provided a device for protecting one end of a cable consisting of a set of strands held individually in an anchoring system, the strands having respective end portions protruding on a front side of the system. anchorage. This device comprises:
  • a skirt extending from the front side of the anchoring system and placed around the set of strands;
  • several sleeves, each sleeve being placed around at least one respective strand of the cable and being closed beyond the end portion of this strand;
  • a connection between the skirt and the sleeves for closing a chamber defined by the front side of the anchoring system, the skirt and the sleeves, the connection comprising an active gland-type system; and
  • a filling product filling the volume of the chamber.

L'encombrement du dispositif est réduit parce qu'il n'est plus nécessaire de prévoir qu'un volume cylindrique plus large que l'ensemble de brins émergeant système d'ancrage, et plus long que les surlongueurs de ces brins, soit réservé pour un capot de protection à l'avant du système d'ancrage. Une bonne partie de la surlongueur des brins est contenue dans un simple fourreau de section transversale sensiblement plus faible que la jupe, contenant un nombre restreint de brins du câble, de préférence un seul brin. Ces fourreaux, étant de section individuelle réduite peuvent laisser entre eux de la place pour accommoder d'autres éléments, en particulier des fourreaux d'un dispositif de protection semblable dont est équipé un autre système d'ancrage situé à proximité.The size of the device is reduced because it is no longer necessary to provide that a cylindrical volume wider than the set of strands emerging anchoring system, and longer than the excess lengths of these strands, is reserved for a protective cover at the front of the anchoring system. Much of the excess length of the strands is contained in a simple sheath of substantially smaller cross section than the skirt, containing a number restricted strands of the cable, preferably a single strand. These sleeves, being of small individual section can leave room for them to accommodate other elements, especially the sleeves of a similar protective device which is equipped with another anchoring system located nearby.

Avantageusement, les fourreaux sont moins rigides que les brins du câble, ce qui permet de faire fléchir les brins recouverts des fourreaux si cela est nécessaire pour une intervention ou pour permettre le croisement de deux terminaisons de câbles. En général, les fourreaux seront aussi moins rigides que la jupe.Advantageously, the sleeves are less rigid than the strands of the cable, which makes it possible to bend the covered strands of the sleeves if this is necessary for an intervention or to allow the crossing of two cable terminations. In general, the sleeves will also be less rigid than the skirt.

La connexion entre la jupe et les fourreaux peut être réalisée par collage ou soudage. Dans une autre réalisation, la connexion entre la jupe et les fourreaux comprend un système actif de type presse-étoupe. Ce système peut notamment comprendre trois plaques parallèles traversées par des orifices disposés pour laisser passer les fourreaux, parmi lesquelles deux plaques rigides prennent en sandwich une plaque déformable. L'une des plaques rigides a sa périphérie reliée à la jupe. Le système de type presse-étoupe comprend en outre un mécanisme d'actionnement pour presser l'une vers l'autre les deux plaques rigides et comprimer ainsi la plaque déformable entre elles pour assurer une étanchéité le long du passage des fourreaux.The connection between the skirt and the sleeves can be achieved by gluing or welding. In another embodiment, the connection between the skirt and the sleeves comprises an active gland type system. This system may in particular comprise three parallel plates traversed by orifices arranged to allow the sleeves to pass, among which two rigid plates sandwich a deformable plate. One of the rigid plates has its periphery connected to the skirt. The gland-type system further comprises an actuating mechanism for pressing the two rigid plates towards one another and thus compressing the deformable plate between them to ensure a seal along the passage of the sleeves.

Un autre aspect de la présente invention se rapporte à un procédé de protection d'une extrémité d'un câble composé d'un ensemble de brins tenus individuellement dans un système d'ancrage, les brins ayant des parties d'extrémité respectives qui dépassent sur un côté avant du système d'ancrage. Le procédé comprend:

  • mettre en place une jupe contre le côté avant du système d'ancrage en plaçant la jupe autour de l'ensemble de brins;
  • installer plusieurs fourreaux, chaque fourreau étant placé autour d'au moins un brin respectif du câble et étant obturé au-delà de la partie d'extrémité de ce brin;
  • connecter les fourreaux à la jupe avec un système actif de type presse-étoupe pour fermer une chambre délimitée par le côté avant du système d'ancrage, la jupe et les fourreaux; et
  • injecter un produit de remplissage pour remplir le volume de la chambre.
Another aspect of the present invention relates to a method of protecting an end of a cable composed of a set of strands held individually in an anchoring system, the strands having respective end portions protruding on a front side of the anchoring system. The method comprises:
  • set up a skirt against the front side of the anchoring system by placing the skirt around the set of strands;
  • installing several sleeves, each sleeve being placed around at least one respective strand of the cable and being closed beyond the end portion of this strand;
  • connect the sleeves to the skirt with an active gland-type system to close a chamber defined by the front side of the anchoring system, the skirt and the sleeves; and
  • inject a filling product to fill the volume of the chamber.

Dans un mode d'exécution du procédé, les fourreaux contiennent du produit de remplissage souple avant qu'ils soient installés sur les parties d'extrémité des brins du câble.In one embodiment of the method, the sleeves contain soft fillers before they are installed on the end portions of the strands of the cable.

D'autres particularités et avantages de la présente invention apparaîtront dans la description ci-après d'un exemple de réalisation non limitatif, en référence aux dessins annexés, dans lesquels :

  • la figure 1, précédemment mentionnée, est une vue schématique d'un pont haubané;
  • la figure 2, précédemment mentionnée, est un schéma en coupe montrant les zones d'ancrage de deux haubans opposés sur le pylône d'un pont haubané du genre de la figure 1 ;
  • la figure 3 est une vue en coupe axiale d'un exemple de dispositif de protection selon l'invention; et
  • la figure 4 est un schéma montrant les extrémités de deux câbles de structure équipés de dispositifs de protection selon l'invention.
Other features and advantages of the present invention will appear in the following description of a nonlimiting exemplary embodiment, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
  • the figure 1 , previously mentioned, is a schematic view of a cable-stayed bridge;
  • the figure 2 , previously mentioned, is a sectional diagram showing the anchoring zones of two opposite stays on the pylon of a cable-stayed bridge of the kind of the figure 1 ;
  • the figure 3 is an axial sectional view of an exemplary protection device according to the invention; and
  • the figure 4 is a diagram showing the ends of two structural cables equipped with protection devices according to the invention.

Un dispositif de protection tel que proposé ici prend la forme d'un capot en deux parties:

  • une partie commune rigide située du côté du système d'ancrage du câble;
  • une partie individuelle, plus souple, située du côté le plus éloigné de l'ancrage.
A protection device as proposed here takes the form of a two-part hood:
  • a rigid common part located on the side of the anchoring system of the cable;
  • an individual part, more flexible, located on the furthest side of the anchorage.

Sur la figure 3, on a dessiné schématiquement la zone terminale d'un câble dont les brins constitutifs 20 sont tenus dans un bloc d'ancrage 22 au moyen de mors tronconiques 24.On the figure 3 the end zone of a cable whose constituent strands 20 are held in an anchoring block 22 by means of frustoconical jaws 24 has been schematically drawn.

Le bloc 22 appartient à un système d'ancrage comprenant en outre une surface d'appui de la structure équipée du câble, contre laquelle le bloc est appliqué directement ou indirectement. Le système peut éventuellement comprendre encore une ou plusieurs plaques d'appui intermédiaires, un écrou pour effectuer un réglage de tension du câble, etc.The block 22 belongs to an anchoring system further comprising a bearing surface of the structure equipped with the cable, against which the block is applied directly or indirectly. The system can optionally still include one or more intermediate support plates, a nut to adjust the cable tension, etc.

Le nombre de brins parallèles 20 dont est composé le câble est quelconque. On a représenté deux brins seulement sur la figure 3 afin de ne pas surcharger le dessin.The number of parallel strands 20 of which the cable is composed is arbitrary. Only two strands are represented on the figure 3 so as not to overload the drawing.

Le bloc d'ancrage 22 est traversé, entre sa face arrière 22a et sa face avant 22b, par des canaux disposés pour recevoir individuellement les brins 20 du câble. Un tel canal s'évase vers la face avant 22b du bloc pour loger le mors 24 autour du brin 20. Le mors 24 immobilise ainsi le brin 20 dans son canal par effet de coin sous l'effet de la traction du câble.The anchor block 22 is traversed, between its rear face 22a and its front face 22b, by channels arranged to individually receive the strands 20 of the cable. Such a channel flares towards the front face 22b of the block to accommodate the jaw 24 around the strand 20. The jaw 24 thus immobilizes the strand 20 in its channel by wedge effect under the effect of the traction of the cable.

Une surlongueur de chaque brin 20 dépasse sur le côté avant du système d'ancrage. La surlongueur peut être de plusieurs dizaines de centimètres.An excess length of each strand 20 protrudes on the front side of the anchoring system. The length can be several tens of centimeters.

La partie commune du capot en deux parties consiste en une jupe 26 qui s'étend à partir du côté avant du système d'ancrage. La jupe 26 est par exemple réalisée en métal ou en matière plastique. Elle est fixée au système d'ancrage par des moyens non représentés sur la figure 3, pouvant comprendre par exemple une bride de fixation boulonnée sur le bloc 22 ou un autre élément du système d'ancrage, ou encore un filetage formé sur la face intérieure de la jupe et venant en prise sur un filtrage complémentaire prévu sur la périphérie du bloc 22.The common portion of the two-part cowl consists of a skirt 26 that extends from the front side of the anchoring system. The skirt 26 is for example made of metal or plastic. It is fixed to the anchoring system by means not shown on the figure 3 , which may comprise for example a fastening flange bolted to the block 22 or another element of the anchoring system, or a thread formed on the inner face of the skirt and engaging on a complementary filter provided on the periphery of the block. 22.

Une étanchéité est prévue entre le côté arrière de la jupe 26 et le côté avant du système d'ancrage pour éviter les fuites du produit de remplissage qui sera injecté à l'intérieur de la jupe. Dans l'exemple de la figure 3, la jupe 26 est appliquée contre la face avant 22b du bloc d'ancrage 22 par l'intermédiaire d'un joint 28. On comprendra qu'elle peut également être appliquée contre un élément du système d'ancrage autre que le bloc 22, en réalisant une étanchéité sur le pourtour de sa zone d'appui. Il suffit que la jupe, une fois appliquée sur la structure et recouverte sur son côté avant, délimite de manière sensiblement étanche une chambre renfermant les surlongueurs des brins 20. Dans une variante, la jupe 26 peut être réalisée d'un seul tenant avec une pièce du système d'ancrage.A seal is provided between the rear side of the skirt 26 and the front side of the anchoring system to prevent leakage of the filling product which will be injected into the skirt. In the example of the figure 3 , the skirt 26 is applied against the front face 22b of the anchor block 22 via a seal 28. It will be understood that it can also be applied against an element of the anchoring system other than the block 22, by sealing around its bearing area. It suffices that the skirt, once applied to the structure and covered on its front side, delimits in a substantially watertight manner a chamber enclosing the excess lengths of the strands 20. In a variant, the skirt 26 can be made in one piece with a system part anchor.

La partie individuelle du capot en deux parties consiste en des fourreaux 30 qui contiennent chacun la partie d'extrémité 21 de l'un des brins 20 du câble. Leur section transversale est légèrement plus grande que celle des brins 20. Dans l'exemple représenté sur la figure 3, chaque fourreau 30 a son extrémité obturée de façon hermétique par un bouchon 32 qui recouvre cette extrémité.The individual part of the two-part hood consists of sleeves 30 which each contain the end portion 21 of one of the strands 20 of the cable. Their cross section is slightly larger than that of the strands 20. In the example shown in FIG. figure 3 each sleeve 30 has its end hermetically closed by a plug 32 which covers this end.

Les fourreaux 30 sont de préférence moins rigides que la jupe 26. On peut ainsi les faire fléchir individuellement sans déformer la jupe 26. Ils peuvent aussi être configurés pour être moins rigides que les brins 20 du câble afin de ne pas réduire sensiblement la capacité à faire fléchir les parties d'extrémité 21 qu'ils contiennent. Les fourreaux 30 peuvent être réalisés en matière plastique, comme par exemple une polyoléfine. Le polyéthylène à basse densité (PEHD) est un choix de matériau approprié.The sleeves 30 are preferably less rigid than the skirt 26. They can thus be bent individually without deforming the skirt 26. They can also be configured to be less rigid than the strands 20 of the cable so as not to significantly reduce the ability to flex the end portions 21 they contain. The sleeves 30 may be made of plastic, such as a polyolefin. Low density polyethylene (HDPE) is a suitable choice of material.

Sur le côté frontal du dispositif, les fourreaux 30 sont reliés à la jupe 26 par une connexion pouvant prendre diverses formes.On the front side of the device, the sleeves 30 are connected to the skirt 26 by a connection which can take various forms.

Une possibilité est de coller ou souder les fourreaux sur la jupe, qui comporte alors une face frontale perforée, les fourreaux 30 étant engagés dans les perforations pour y être soudés sur leur périphérie. Une telle réalisation convient notamment si la jupe 26 et les fourreaux 30 sont conçus pour former un organe de couverture préfabriqué.One possibility is to glue or weld the sleeves on the skirt, which then has a perforated front face, the sleeves 30 being engaged in the perforations to be welded on their periphery. Such an embodiment is particularly suitable if the skirt 26 and the sleeves 30 are designed to form a prefabricated cover member.

Une autre possibilité, illustrée par la figure 3, est de réaliser la connexion entre la jupe 26 et les fourreaux 30 à l'aide d'un système actif de type presse-étoupe.Another possibility, illustrated by the figure 3 , is to make the connection between the skirt 26 and the sleeves 30 with the aid of an active system of the stuffing box type.

Le système de type presse-étoupe représenté sur la figure 3 comporte deux plaques rigides 40, 42 dont l'une, par exemple la plaque intérieure 40, est solidarisée sur sa périphérie avec la face intérieure de la jupe 26 et l'autre est mobile. Ces plaques 40, 42 sont traversées d'orifices de section légèrement plus grande que la section transversale individuelle d'un fourreau 30 et alignés sur les positions des brins 20 émergeant de la face avant du bloc d'ancrage 22. Ces orifices laissent ainsi passer les fourreaux 30 positionnés sur les parties d'extrémité 21 des brins 20. Entre les deux plaques rigides 40, 42, une autre plaque 44 de même forme est prise en sandwich. Cette plaque 44 est en matière déformable telle qu'un élastomère.The gland type system shown on the figure 3 comprises two rigid plates 40, 42, one of which, for example the inner plate 40, is secured on its periphery with the inner face of the skirt 26 and the other is movable. These plates 40, 42 are traversed with orifices of slightly larger cross-section than the individual cross section of a sheath 30 and aligned with the positions of the strands 20 emerging from the front face of the anchoring block 22. orifices thus allow the sleeves 30 positioned on the end portions 21 of the strands 20 to pass. Between the two rigid plates 40, 42, another plate 44 of the same shape is sandwiched. This plate 44 is of deformable material such as an elastomer.

Un mécanisme d'actionnement, constitué par exemple de plusieurs tiges filetées 46 réparties sur le pourtour des plaques 40, 42, 44 et associées à des écrous respectifs 48, est utilisé pour presser l'une vers l'autre les plaques rigides 40, 42. La plaque déformable 44 est alors comprimée pour réaliser l'étanchéité autour des fourreaux 30. Dans l'exemple représenté, chaque tige filetée 46 est engagée dans un taraudage formé dans la plaque rigide intérieure 40 et traverse des trous formés en alignement dans les autres plaques 44 et 42. Le serrage de l'écrou 48 sur la tige filetée 46 du côté avant du système, contre la face avant de la plaque 42 réalise alors l'actionnement réversible du presse-étoupe.An actuating mechanism, consisting for example of several threaded rods 46 distributed around the periphery of the plates 40, 42, 44 and associated with respective nuts 48, is used to press the rigid plates 40, 42 towards each other. The deformable plate 44 is then compressed to seal around the sleeves 30. In the example shown, each threaded rod 46 is engaged in a tapping formed in the inner rigid plate 40 and passes through holes formed in alignment in the other plates 44 and 42. The tightening of the nut 48 on the threaded rod 46 of the front side of the system, against the front face of the plate 42 then carries out the reversible actuation of the gland.

Les opérations de montage du dispositif consistent à commencer par mettre en place la jupe 26 contre le côté avant du système d'ancrage et à l'équiper des plaques 40, 42, 44 de la connexion jupe-fourreaux, sans les serrer. Les fourreaux 30 sont ensuite enfilés sur les parties d'extrémité 21 des brins 20. Il est commode d'introduire préalablement dans les fourreaux 30 un produit de remplissage souple, par exemple de la graisse afin de limiter le risque que subsistent des interstices non remplis en fin d'opération. Le presse-étoupe est ensuite serré pour fermer de manière étanche la chambre 50 délimitée par le côté avant du système d'ancrage, la jupe 26 et la plaque intérieure 40.The assembly operations of the device consist in starting by setting up the skirt 26 against the front side of the anchoring system and to equip the plates 40, 42, 44 of the skirt-sleeves connection, without tightening them. The sleeves 30 are then threaded onto the end portions 21 of the strands 20. It is convenient to introduce a flexible filler, for example grease, in the sleeves 30 in order to limit the risk of gaps remaining in the gaps. at the end of the operation. The stuffing box is then tightened to seal the chamber 50 delimited by the front side of the anchoring system, the skirt 26 and the inner plate 40.

Un fois que la jupe 26, les fourreaux 30 et leur connexion ont été installés sur la tête d'ancrage, un produit de remplissage 52 est injecté dans le volume de la chambre 50.Once the skirt 26, the sleeves 30 and their connection have been installed on the anchoring head, a filling product 52 is injected into the volume of the chamber 50.

Ce produit de remplissage 52 a des propriétés de protection du métal contre la corrosion. C'est par exemple une cire pétrolière, une graisse, une résine, un polymère, etc. Il est injecté sous forme fluide par un orifice d'injection (non représenté) typiquement placé en un point bas de la chambre. Un évent peut être positionné en un point haut de la chambre pour évacuer l'air qu'elle contient pendant l'injection. Une fois que le produit de remplissage 52 déborde par l'évent, on le bouche, de même que l'orifice d'injection.This filler 52 has protective properties of the metal against corrosion. This is for example a petroleum wax, a grease, a resin, a polymer, etc. It is injected in fluid form through an injection orifice (not shown) typically placed at a low point of the chamber. A vent can be positioned at a high point of the chamber to evacuate the air it contains during the injection. Once the filling product 52 overflows through the vent, it is sealed, as well as the injection port.

La figure 4 montre schématiquement les têtes d'ancrage adjacentes de deux haubans ayant une disposition analogue à celle de la figure 2. On voit que, tout en étant protégées, les surlongueurs des brins 20 des deux câbles peuvent s'entrecroiser, ce que facilite la flexibilité des fourreaux 30. Le problème géométrique qu'on avait avec des protections classiques dans le cas de la figure 2 est ainsi résolu.The figure 4 schematically shows the adjacent anchoring heads of two guys with a similar layout to that of the figure 2 . It is seen that, while being protected, the excess lengths of the strands 20 of the two cables can intersect, which facilitates the flexibility of the sleeves 30. The geometric problem that we had with conventional protections in the case of the figure 2 is thus solved.

Les modes de réalisation décrits ci-dessus sont des illustrations de la présente invention. Diverses modifications peuvent leur être apportées sans sortir du cadre de l'invention qui ressort des revendications annexées.The embodiments described above are illustrations of the present invention. Various modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the invention which emerges from the appended claims.

Claims (10)

Dispositif de protection d'une extrémité d'un câble composé d'un ensemble de brins (20) tenus individuellement dans un système d'ancrage, les brins ayant des parties d'extrémité respectives (21) qui dépassent sur un côté avant du système d'ancrage, le dispositif comprenant: - une jupe (26) s'étendant à partir du côté avant du système d'ancrage et placée autour de l'ensemble de brins; - plusieurs fourreaux (30), chaque fourreau étant placé autour d'au moins un brin respectif du câble et étant obturé au-delà de la partie d'extrémité de ce brin; - une connexion entre la jupe et les fourreaux pour fermer une chambre (50) délimitée par le côté avant du système d'ancrage, la jupe et les fourreaux, ladite connexion comprenant un système actif de type presse-étoupe; et - un produit de remplissage (52) comblant le volume de la chambre. Device for protecting an end of a cable consisting of a set of strands (20) held individually in an anchoring system, the strands having respective end portions (21) protruding on a front side of the system anchoring device, the device comprising: a skirt (26) extending from the front side of the anchoring system and placed around the set of strands; - several sleeves (30), each sleeve being placed around at least one respective strand of the cable and being closed beyond the end portion of this strand; - A connection between the skirt and the sleeves for closing a chamber (50) defined by the front side of the anchoring system, the skirt and the sleeves, said connection comprising an active system gland type; and - A filling product (52) filling the volume of the chamber. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, dans lequel chaque fourreau (30) contient un seul brin (20) du câble.Device according to claim 1, wherein each sleeve (30) contains a single strand (20) of the cable. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel les fourreaux (30) sont moins rigides que les brins (20) du câble.Device according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the sleeves (30) are less rigid than the strands (20) of the cable. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel les fourreaux (30) sont moins rigides que la jupe (26).Device according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the sleeves (30) are less rigid than the skirt (26). Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel la connexion entre la jupe (26) et les fourreaux (30) est réalisée par collage ou soudage.Device according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the connection between the skirt (26) and the sleeves (30) is made by gluing or welding. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, dans lequel le système de type presse-étoupe comprend trois plaques parallèles (40, 42, 44) traversées par des orifices disposés pour laisser passer les fourreaux (30), parmi lesquelles deux plaques rigides (40, 42) prennent en sandwich une plaque déformable (44), l'une des plaques rigides ayant sa périphérie reliée à la jupe (26), le système de type presse-étoupe comprenant en outre un mécanisme d'actionnement (46, 48) pour presser l'une vers l'autre les deux plaques rigides et comprimer ainsi la plaque déformable entre elles pour assurer une étanchéité le long du passage des fourreaux.Device according to claim 1, wherein the gland-type system comprises three parallel plates (40, 42, 44) traversed by orifices arranged to pass the sleeves (30), among which two rigid plates (40, 42) sandwich a deformable plate (44), one of the rigid plates having its periphery connected to the skirt (26), the gland-type system further comprising an actuating mechanism ( 46, 48) for pressing the two rigid plates towards one another and thus compressing the deformable plate between them to ensure a seal along the passage of the sleeves. Procédé de protection d'une extrémité d'un câble composé d'un ensemble de brins (20) tenus individuellement dans un système d'ancrage, les brins ayant des parties d'extrémité respectives (21) qui dépassent sur un côté avant du système d'ancrage, le procédé comprenant: - mettre en place une jupe (26) contre le côté avant du système d'ancrage en plaçant la jupe autour de l'ensemble de brins; - installer plusieurs fourreaux (30), chaque fourreau étant placé autour d'au moins un brin respectif du câble et étant obturé au-delà de la partie d'extrémité de ce brin; - connecter les fourreaux (30) à la jupe (26) avec un système actif de type presse-étoupe pour fermer une chambre (50) délimitée par le côté avant du système d'ancrage, la jupe et les fourreaux; et - injecter un produit de remplissage (52) pour remplir le volume de la chambre. A method of protecting an end of a cable consisting of a set of strands (20) held individually in an anchoring system, the strands having respective end portions (21) protruding on a front side of the system anchoring, the method comprising: - Set up a skirt (26) against the front side of the anchoring system by placing the skirt around the set of strands; - Install several sleeves (30), each sleeve being placed around at least one respective strand of the cable and being closed beyond the end portion of this strand; - connect the sleeves (30) to the skirt (26) with an active gland-type system to close a chamber (50) defined by the front side of the anchoring system, the skirt and the sleeves; and - inject a filling product (52) to fill the volume of the chamber. Procédé selon la revendication 7, dans lequel chaque fourreau (30) est placé autour d'un seul brin (20) du câble.The method of claim 7, wherein each sleeve (30) is placed around a single strand (20) of the cable. Procédé selon la revendication 7 ou 8, les fourreaux (30) contiennent du produit de remplissage souple avant qu'ils soient installés sur les parties d'extrémité (21) des brins du câble.A method according to claim 7 or 8, the sleeves (30) contain soft filler before they are installed on the end portions (21) of the strands of the cable. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 7 à 9, dans lequel les fourreaux (30) sont moins rigides que les brins (20) du câble et/ou que la jupe (26).A method according to any one of claims 7 to 9, wherein the sleeves (30) are less rigid than the strands (20) of the cable and / or that the skirt (26).
EP12162731.9A 2011-04-07 2012-03-30 Device and method for protecting the extremity of an anchor cable Active EP2508687B1 (en)

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FR1153028A FR2973818B1 (en) 2011-04-07 2011-04-07 METHOD AND DEVICE FOR PROTECTING THE END OF AN ANCORED CABLE

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PL2508687T3 (en) 2014-05-30
FR2973818A1 (en) 2012-10-12
ES2456707T3 (en) 2014-04-23
US20120255272A1 (en) 2012-10-11
FR2973818B1 (en) 2017-06-02
KR20120115145A (en) 2012-10-17
KR102033490B1 (en) 2019-10-17
RU2011117867A (en) 2012-11-10
RU2557027C2 (en) 2015-07-20
US8769921B2 (en) 2014-07-08
EP2508687B1 (en) 2014-02-12

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