Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
  • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
  • H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
  • H02J7/0014—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries
  • H02J7/0016—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries using shunting, discharge or bypass circuits
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
  • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
  • H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
  • H02J7/0014—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
  • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
  • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
  • B60L58/18—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules
  • B60L58/22—Balancing the charge of battery modules
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
  • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
  • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
  • G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
  • G01R31/396—Acquisition or processing of data for testing or for monitoring individual cells or groups of cells within a battery
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
  • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
  • H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
  • H02J7/0014—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries
  • H02J7/0018—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries using separate charge circuits
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
  • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
  • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
  • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries

Definitions

• the invention relates to a method for equalizing the electrical voltages of at least two electrical storage units connected in series.
• the invention relates to a corresponding electrical memory.
• Matching is called "cell balancing."
• the individual memory units are discharged by means of external wiring measures so that they all have the same electrical voltage after being aligned
• Each memory unit is associated with an ohmic resistor or resistor combination via switches
• the memory units are discharged by means of the resistors until the memory units have the electrical voltage It is disadvantageous that energy stored in the electrical memory is converted into heat by the resistors and Thus, a possibility is needed in which an equalization of the electrical voltages of several storage units with each other is achieved with low energy loss and a substantial improvement in the E ffi ciency of an entire electrical storage system is brought about.
• the one storage unit is connected to the winding of a coil to excite it and that subsequently by means of the excited
• Coil by connecting the winding to the other storage unit it is loaded. It is envisaged that the same winding used to energize the coil will also be used to charge the other storage unit. In this way, the energy stored in the storage units is not only allowed to be converted into heat, but is also transferred from one storage unit to the other storage unit, so that the electrical voltages of the storage units are equalized with each other. Charging the other memory unit is to be understood as meaning that the coil is de-energized and the other memory unit is further charged by the electrical energy available in this way. Under the store is therefore not a complete recharge of the entire electrical storage to understand but a transport of electrical charge for the purpose of equalizing the electrical voltages between the storage units and the coil.
• the one memory unit which is connected to the winding of the coil to the excitation, has a higher electrical voltage than the storage unit, which is then loaded by connecting the winding.
• a respective memory cell in particular battery cell, is used as memory units.
• the coil is charged by closing a switch.
• the use of the switch allows targeted charging at least one coil. In this way, the method can be applied specifically to individual storage units, without always having to include all memory unit in the process.
• each adjacent storage unit is associated with a coil.
• the coil charges the other storage unit by opening the switch.
• the other storage unit is charged by the coil via at least one diode. This is particularly advantageous if it exploits the effect that a current flow that flows into the coil during charging reverses and flows out of the coil to charge the storage unit in the reverse manner.
• the coil may be simultaneously connected to two memory units, wherein the loading of the other memory unit is dependent on whether the coil is being charged or discharging.
• the invention further relates to an electrical memory having at least two series-connected, electrical storage units and an electrical Gleichtechnischscnies, in particular for carrying out the method described above, wherein the matching circuit has at least one winding having a coil whose winding for energizing the coil with one of the storage units is connectable and the winding for charging the other storage units can be connected to this.
• the matching circuit has at least one diode and / or at least one switch.
• the switch is designed as a semiconductor switch, in particular transistor, thyristor or the like. The use of semiconductor elements enables very simple automation by means of electronic components, such as integrated circuits.
• the device according to the invention can be designed to save space and manufactured in an economical manner in this way.
• each of the storage units is at least one storage cell, in particular a battery cell.
• the drawings illustrate the invention with reference to an embodiment and shows: 1 shows an electrical memory with a matching circuit,
• FIG. 2 shows the memory with the matching circuit from FIG. 1 in a first method step
• FIG. 3 shows the memory with the matching circuit from FIG. 1 in a second method step.
• FIG. 1 shows a detail of an electrical memory 101 consisting of three
• Memory units 102 in the form of memory cells 103, which are connected adjacent to each other in series.
• the electric storage 101 is embodied as a battery 104 and the storage cells 103 are designed as battery cells 105.
• the memory units 102 form the electrical memory 101 in that a first memory unit 106 is connected via its negative pole 106 "and a line 107 to a node 108 which leads via a line 109 to a positive pole 1 10 'of a second memory unit 110 second memory unit 1 10 is in turn connected via its negative pole 1 10 "and a line 1 1 1 to a node 1 12, which leads via a line 1 13 to a positive pole 1 14 'a third memory unit 1 14.
• the memory 101 is associated with a matching circuit 1 15, which is shown in fragmentary form in FIG.
• the matching circuit 1 15 is connected via a line 1 16 to a positive pole 106 'of the first memory unit 106. Further, it is connected via a line 1 17 to the node 108, via a line 1 18 to the node 1 12 and via a line 1 19 with a negative pole 1 14 "of the third memory unit 1 14.
• the matching circuit 1 15 has a plurality of electric coils 121 each having a winding 120. Furthermore, the matching circuit 1 has 15 diodes 122 and switch 123.
• the line 16 is connected via a node 124 to a further line 125 which leads to a first winding 126.
• the first winding 126 is over a line 127 is connected to a node 128 which has another line 129 which leads to a first switch 130. Starting from the first switch
• a line 131 extends to a node 132. From the node 132, a line 133 extends to another node 134, which in turn is connected via a line 135 to a second winding 136. The second winding 136 is connected via a line 137 to a node 138, which is connected via a line 139 with another node 140.
• the node 140 is also connected to the line 1 17. Via a line 141 is a first diode 142 is connected to node 140. The diode 142 is also connected via a line 143 to the node 128. In this case, the diode 142 is arranged between the lines 141 and 143 such that it has a passage direction from the line 141 to the line 143.
• the node 134 is connected via a line 144 to a second diode 145, which in turn via a line
• the second diode 145 has a forward direction from the line 144 to the line 146. Starting from node 132 extends
• a line 151 extends to a node 152.
• a line 153 extends to a further node 154, which in turn is connected via a line 155 to a third winding 156.
• the winding 156 is connected via a line 157 to a node 158, which is connected via a line 159 with another node 160.
• the node point 160 is also connected to the line 1 18.
• Via a line 161, a third diode 162 is connected to the node 160.
• the diode 162 is also connected via a line 163 to the node 134.
• the diode 162 is arranged between the lines 161 and 163 such that it has a passage direction from the line 161 to the line 163.
• the node 154 is connected via a line 164 to a fourth diode 165, which in turn via a
• Line 166 is connected to node 138.
• the fourth diode 165 has a forward direction from the line 164 to the line 166.
• another line 169 leads to a third switch 170.
• a line 171 extends to a node 174.
• the node 174 is in turn connected via a line 175 to a fourth winding 176.
• the winding 176 is connected via a line 177 to a node 180.
• the node 180 is also connected to the line 1 19.
• Via a line 181, a fifth diode 182 is connected to the node 180.
• the diode 182 is also connected via a line 183 to the node 154.
• the diode 182 is arranged between the lines 181 and 183 such that it has a forward direction from the line 181 to the line 183.
• the node 174 is connected via a line 184 to a sixth diode 185, which in turn is connected via a line 186 to the node 158.
• the sixth diode 185 has a forward direction from the line 184 to the line 186.
• the switches 123 are associated with an electronic control unit 190. They are designed for this purpose as a semiconductor switch 191 in the form of transistors 192, so that the control unit 190 forms an integrated circuit 193. Dotted lines 179 indicate that both the electrical memory 101 and the matching circuit 15 are logically continued in the direction of the lines 179.
• FIG. 2 shows the electrical memory 101 and the matching circuit 15 of FIG. 1 with all their features.
• the second switch 150 in FIG. 2 is closed in order to carry out a first method step.
• the memory unit 1 10 has a higher voltage than the other memory units 106 and 1 14. This results in a closed circuit 195 for the second memory unit 1 10, the second winding 136 and the third winding 156.
• the circuit 195 is shown in bold in FIG. 2 and provided with directional arrows 196.
• the circuit 195 extends from the positive pole 1 10 'of the second memory unit 1 10 via the line 109 and further via the line 1 17 to the node 140, so that by means of the lines 137 and 139, the coil 121 of the second winding 136 is loaded. Further, the circuit 195 passes through the lines 135, 133 and 149 to the closed second switch 150. It continues via the lines 151, 153 and 154 to the third winding 156. Starting from the third winding 156, the circuit 195 connects over the lines 157, 159, 18 and 1 1 1 to the negative pole 1 10 "of the second memory unit 1 10. By means of said closed circuit 195 charge is transferred to the second and third windings 136 and 156 and stored there.
• the closing of the second switch 150 is performed by the control unit 190. It is provided that each memory unit 102 loads two windings 120. By closing the switch 150, the circuit 195 is closed and after a certain time or after reaching a certain current level, which has flowed through the switch 150, reopened.
• FIG. 3 shows the memory 101 and the matching circuit 15 of FIG. 1 with all their features.
• the switches 123 are all open for a second method step, and the coils 121 associated with the first winding 136 and the second winding 156 are energized. Because of this, there are two circuits 197 and 198, wherein the circuit 197 of the first memory unit 106 and the second circuit 198 of the third memory unit 1 14 is assigned.
• the circuit 197 extends from the second winding 136 via the lines 135 and 144 to the second diode 145.
• the circuit 197 continues on the lines 146 and 1 16 in the positive pole 106 'of the first memory unit 106th Starting from the negative pole 106 "of the memory unit 106, the circuit 197 runs over the Lines 107, 1 17, 139 and 138 back to the second winding 136.
• the circuit 198 is based on the third winding 156, via the lines 157, 159, 1 18 and 1 13 with the positive pole 1 14 'of the third memory unit 1 14th connected is.
• the fifth diode 182 is connected via the lines 1 19 and 181, so that the circuit 198 is closed from the diode 182 via the lines 183 and 155.
• the respective current directions are represented by means of current direction arrows 196.
• the current directions thereby run in those directions which correspond to the forward directions of the second diode 145 and the fifth diode 182.
• the coils 121 of the windings 136 and 156 can de-energize It is not necessary to use further control means for the second method step, since this process takes place automatically due to the matching circuit shown.
• FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 describe the possibility of loading the first memory unit 106 and the third memory unit 1 14 with electrical charge from the second memory unit 110. This process is very energy efficient, as electrical charges are transferred between the storage units 102.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Power Engineering (AREA)
• Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
• Secondary Cells (AREA)
• Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=42537767

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (4)

Families Citing this family (3)

Citations (1)

Family Cites Families (16)

• 2009
  • 2009-11-19 WO PCT/EP2009/065469 patent/WO2011060818A1/de active Application Filing
  • 2009-11-19 JP JP2012539190A patent/JP5650235B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2009-11-19 US US13/261,285 patent/US9831690B2/en active Active
  • 2009-11-19 EP EP09799048A patent/EP2502323A1/de not_active Ceased

Patent Citations (1)

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