EP2465699A3 - Stack or collection of essentially flat semifinished products and method for producing such a stack or such a collection - Google Patents

Stack or collection of essentially flat semifinished products and method for producing such a stack or such a collection Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP2465699A3
EP2465699A3 EP11190257A EP11190257A EP2465699A3 EP 2465699 A3 EP2465699 A3 EP 2465699A3 EP 11190257 A EP11190257 A EP 11190257A EP 11190257 A EP11190257 A EP 11190257A EP 2465699 A3 EP2465699 A3 EP 2465699A3
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
collection
stack
precursors
essentially flat
producing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
EP11190257A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2465699A2 (en
Inventor
Jürg Möckli
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ferag AG
Original Assignee
Ferag AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ferag AG filed Critical Ferag AG
Publication of EP2465699A2 publication Critical patent/EP2465699A2/en
Publication of EP2465699A3 publication Critical patent/EP2465699A3/en
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42FSHEETS TEMPORARILY ATTACHED TOGETHER; FILING APPLIANCES; FILE CARDS; INDEXING
    • B42F1/00Sheets temporarily attached together without perforating; Means therefor
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41FPRINTING MACHINES OR PRESSES
    • B41F13/00Common details of rotary presses or machines
    • B41F13/54Auxiliary folding, cutting, collecting or depositing of sheets or webs
    • B41F13/64Collecting
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41FPRINTING MACHINES OR PRESSES
    • B41F13/00Common details of rotary presses or machines
    • B41F13/54Auxiliary folding, cutting, collecting or depositing of sheets or webs
    • B41F13/70Depositing
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42DBOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D13/00Loose leaves modified for binding; Inserts
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65HHANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H29/00Delivering or advancing articles from machines; Advancing articles to or into piles
    • B65H29/003Delivering or advancing articles from machines; Advancing articles to or into piles by grippers
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65HHANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H37/00Article or web delivery apparatus incorporating devices for performing specified auxiliary operations
    • B65H37/04Article or web delivery apparatus incorporating devices for performing specified auxiliary operations for securing together articles or webs, e.g. by adhesive, stitching or stapling
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65HHANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H39/00Associating, collating, or gathering articles or webs
    • B65H39/02Associating,collating or gathering articles from several sources
    • B65H39/04Associating,collating or gathering articles from several sources from piles
    • B65H39/043Associating,collating or gathering articles from several sources from piles the piles being disposed in juxtaposed carriers
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65HHANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H39/00Associating, collating, or gathering articles or webs
    • B65H39/02Associating,collating or gathering articles from several sources
    • B65H39/04Associating,collating or gathering articles from several sources from piles
    • B65H39/055Associating,collating or gathering articles from several sources from piles by collecting in juxtaposed carriers
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65HHANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H5/00Feeding articles separated from piles; Feeding articles to machines
    • B65H5/30Opening devices for folded sheets or signatures
    • B65H5/308Opening devices for folded sheets or signatures the folded sheets or signatures travelling in hanging position
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42BPERMANENTLY ATTACHING TOGETHER SHEETS, QUIRES OR SIGNATURES OR PERMANENTLY ATTACHING OBJECTS THERETO
    • B42B5/00Permanently attaching together sheets, quires or signatures otherwise than by stitching
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42CBOOKBINDING
    • B42C1/00Collating or gathering sheets combined with processes for permanently attaching together sheets or signatures or for interposing inserts
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42CBOOKBINDING
    • B42C9/00Applying glue or adhesive peculiar to bookbinding
    • B42C9/0081Applying glue or adhesive peculiar to bookbinding applying adhesive to individual sheets for binding them together
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42FSHEETS TEMPORARILY ATTACHED TOGETHER; FILING APPLIANCES; FILE CARDS; INDEXING
    • B42F5/00Sheets and objects temporarily attached together; Means therefor; Albums
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65HHANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H2301/00Handling processes for sheets or webs
    • B65H2301/40Type of handling process
    • B65H2301/43Gathering; Associating; Assembling
    • B65H2301/431Features with regard to the collection, nature, sequence and/or the making thereof
    • B65H2301/4317Signatures, i.e. involving folded main product or jacket
    • B65H2301/43171Inserting subproducts in a signature as main product
    • B65H2301/431711Inserting subproducts in a signature as main product the subproduct being inserted in a direction substantially perpendicular to the fold of the main product
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65HHANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H2701/00Handled material; Storage means
    • B65H2701/10Handled articles or webs
    • B65H2701/18Form of handled article or web
    • B65H2701/182Piled package
    • B65H2701/1822Juxtaposed stacks
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/14Layer or component removable to expose adhesive
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/2419Fold at edge
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24777Edge feature
    • Y10T428/24793Comprising discontinuous or differential impregnation or bond
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24802Discontinuous or differential coating, impregnation or bond [e.g., artwork, printing, retouched photograph, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24826Spot bonds connect components
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24802Discontinuous or differential coating, impregnation or bond [e.g., artwork, printing, retouched photograph, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24851Intermediate layer is discontinuous or differential
    • Y10T428/2486Intermediate layer is discontinuous or differential with outer strippable or release layer

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Folding Of Thin Sheet-Like Materials, Special Discharging Devices, And Others (AREA)
  • Collation Of Sheets And Webs (AREA)
  • Respiratory Apparatuses And Protective Means (AREA)

Abstract

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Stapel bzw. eine Kollektion (10) von im wesentlichen flächigen Vorprodukten (11-14), insbesondere Druckprodukten, welcher Stapel bzw. welche Kollektion (10) drei oder mehr Vorprodukte (11-14) umfasst, die im Stapel unmittelbar übereinander bzw. in der Kollektion unmittelbar nebeneinander angeordnet und lösbar miteinander verbunden sind, und von denen wenigstens eines ein Druckprodukt ist, welches eine Falzkante aufweist.The invention relates to a stack or a collection (10) of essentially flat precursors (11-14), in particular printed products, which stack or collection (10) comprises three or more precursors (11-14) which are in the stack directly one above the other or in the collection are arranged directly adjacent to each other and releasably connected to each other, and of which at least one is a printed product having a folded edge.

Eine einfache Weiterverarbeitung wird dadurch erreicht, dass zur lösbaren Verbindung zwischen benachbarten Vorprodukten jeweils mit beiden benachbarten Vorprodukten in Kontakt stehende Kleberbereiche (16) vorgesehen sind.

Figure imgaf001
Simple further processing is achieved by providing adhesive regions (16) which are in contact with both neighboring precursors for releasable connection between neighboring precursors.
Figure imgaf001

EP11190257A 2010-12-20 2011-11-23 Stack or collection of essentially flat semifinished products and method for producing such a stack or such a collection Ceased EP2465699A3 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH02123/10A CH704243A1 (en) 2010-12-20 2010-12-20 Stack or collection of essentially flat intermediate products as well as methods for producing such a stack or such a collection.

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2465699A2 EP2465699A2 (en) 2012-06-20
EP2465699A3 true EP2465699A3 (en) 2012-08-15

Family

ID=45002795

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP11190257A Ceased EP2465699A3 (en) 2010-12-20 2011-11-23 Stack or collection of essentially flat semifinished products and method for producing such a stack or such a collection

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US8765246B2 (en)
EP (1) EP2465699A3 (en)
AU (1) AU2011253719B2 (en)
CA (1) CA2762614C (en)
CH (1) CH704243A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH709674A1 (en) 2014-05-20 2015-11-30 Ferag Ag A process for preparing collections of a plurality of different printing products, and device for carrying out the method.
CA2952004C (en) * 2014-06-19 2021-04-13 Sca Hygiene Products Ab Stack of z-folded web with connector to another stack
DE102018005674A1 (en) * 2018-07-19 2020-01-23 Inprima Ag Process for producing a printed product with more than four printed pages
US11236252B2 (en) * 2019-09-25 2022-02-01 Hennessy Gift Wrap, Inc. Reuseable wrapping ornament
AT17364U1 (en) * 2020-04-21 2022-02-15 P V S Prospekt Versand Service Gmbh Device comprising a leaflet and a tip-on card

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2239995A (en) * 1938-05-25 1941-04-29 Fred M Brackett Tipping machine
US2806443A (en) * 1954-07-29 1957-09-17 Carl A Horn Apparatus for applying adhesive in spots to sheets of paper
EP1494949A1 (en) * 2002-04-18 2005-01-12 Ferag AG Method and device for feeding a number of flat subproducts to a serial subsequent processing
EP1762525A1 (en) * 2005-09-12 2007-03-14 Müller Martini Holding AG Device for collating or gathering of printed products
WO2007085101A1 (en) * 2006-01-25 2007-08-02 Ferag Ag Apparatus for collating flat objects and for conveying the collated objects further
EP2159070A1 (en) * 2008-08-29 2010-03-03 Hunkeler AG Device and method for manufacturing piles of book blocks
EP2179952A1 (en) * 2008-10-24 2010-04-28 Müller Martini Holding AG Method of combining two flat products with adhesive, especially printed products with another printed product or similar

Family Cites Families (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH461248A (en) 1967-11-23 1968-08-15 Rewiba Ag Wrapping tape for mailing printed matter such as newspapers, magazines and the like
DE1946249C3 (en) 1969-09-12 1973-09-20 Textilmaschinenfabrik Schwenningen Gmbh, 7220 Schwenningen Device for connecting sheets to form sets or blocks
US3759373A (en) 1971-11-12 1973-09-18 Adolph Coorps Co Multi-container package
US3902992A (en) 1973-05-04 1975-09-02 Coors Co Adolph Multi-container package
NL8104221A (en) 1980-10-06 1982-05-03 Stobb Inc METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR SEALING PAPER SHEETS.
CH669944A5 (en) 1986-04-04 1989-04-28 Ferag Ag
US5137409A (en) 1989-07-21 1992-08-11 Ferag Ag Joining together of printed partial products
US5096176A (en) 1990-12-24 1992-03-17 Pitney Bowes Inc. Sheet set separation using folded strips
DE4321328A1 (en) 1993-06-26 1995-01-05 Immergut Milch Gmbh Multiple packaging from soft packs glued into groups, in particular for liquids in the food industry, process for producing these multiple packs and device for carrying out this process
ATE170465T1 (en) 1994-02-04 1998-09-15 Ferag Ag METHOD AND DEVICE FOR PRODUCING MULTIPLE PRINTED PRODUCT UNITS
US6286712B1 (en) * 1999-09-24 2001-09-11 Paper Converting Machine Co Stack formed from connected groups of interfolded sheets
DK1252083T3 (en) 2000-02-04 2003-11-24 Ferag Ag Method and apparatus for making coils of a large number of flat objects
AUPR157600A0 (en) 2000-11-20 2000-12-14 Silverbrook Research Pty. Ltd. An apparatus and method (bin04)
EP1780035B1 (en) 2005-10-31 2014-02-26 Ferag AG Inserting inserts in printed products
US7611135B2 (en) 2005-12-05 2009-11-03 Goss International Americas, Inc. Inserter with closure device
US20090191518A1 (en) * 2008-01-28 2009-07-30 Jill Rappa Educational device and system therefore
ES2629628T3 (en) 2008-05-26 2017-08-11 Ferag Ag Device and procedure for introducing flat objects into folded printing products
CH699859A2 (en) 2008-11-04 2010-05-14 Ferag Ag Device and method for promoting and deliver flat objects.
CH699866A1 (en) 2008-11-04 2010-05-14 Ferag Ag Device and method for collating flat objects.

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2239995A (en) * 1938-05-25 1941-04-29 Fred M Brackett Tipping machine
US2806443A (en) * 1954-07-29 1957-09-17 Carl A Horn Apparatus for applying adhesive in spots to sheets of paper
EP1494949A1 (en) * 2002-04-18 2005-01-12 Ferag AG Method and device for feeding a number of flat subproducts to a serial subsequent processing
EP1762525A1 (en) * 2005-09-12 2007-03-14 Müller Martini Holding AG Device for collating or gathering of printed products
WO2007085101A1 (en) * 2006-01-25 2007-08-02 Ferag Ag Apparatus for collating flat objects and for conveying the collated objects further
EP2159070A1 (en) * 2008-08-29 2010-03-03 Hunkeler AG Device and method for manufacturing piles of book blocks
EP2179952A1 (en) * 2008-10-24 2010-04-28 Müller Martini Holding AG Method of combining two flat products with adhesive, especially printed products with another printed product or similar

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20120156426A1 (en) 2012-06-21
CH704243A1 (en) 2012-06-29
AU2011253719B2 (en) 2016-02-25
US8765246B2 (en) 2014-07-01
CA2762614A1 (en) 2012-06-20
CA2762614C (en) 2017-03-28
AU2011253719A1 (en) 2012-07-05
EP2465699A2 (en) 2012-06-20

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP2465699A3 (en) Stack or collection of essentially flat semifinished products and method for producing such a stack or such a collection
EP2907603A3 (en) Metal sheet with local metallic reinforcement and method of producing the same
EP1688042A3 (en) Method and system for storage, processing and dispensing of food products
EP3213833A3 (en) Device with press, tool and tool protection system for processing sheet metal workpieces and adjustable spacer device which can be used for same
EP2441583A3 (en) Printing substrate laminate for cards with multicolour print, card comprising said laminate and corresponding manufacturing methods
EP2700599A3 (en) Device and method for separating individual flat, flexible objects from the underside of a stack
EP2514317A3 (en) Dough shaping station for shaping a dough ring
EP2740943A3 (en) Vacuum pump
DE102011078701B4 (en) grater
EP2835254A3 (en) Press for producing a pressed product from powdered material
EP2639066A3 (en) Device and method for producing a printed product and printed product
EP2712495A3 (en) Drive device of a conveyor
AT507768B1 (en) SQUEZEER
EP3127614A3 (en) Roller mill with cutting cutting operating type and back back operating type
EP2497994A3 (en) Lubricating nipple assembly
EP2524889A3 (en) Device and method for transferring printed products
EP1837257A3 (en) Wiper blade unit
EP2266721A3 (en) Mandrel with alignment means
EP2174795A3 (en) Method for producing a multiple page cover for a brochure and brochure with a multiple page cover
EP2384096A3 (en) Rotation head for a device for corona treatment of surfaces
AT512191A4 (en) Bending machine
EP2402272A3 (en) Method and device for connecting two fibrous strips
EP2698077A3 (en) Lightweight panel, furniture and production method
EP2055499A3 (en) Side of a printed product with a marking section which can be knocked over to mark the side
EP2481699A3 (en) Method and device for folding printed products

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A2

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR

AX Request for extension of the european patent

Extension state: BA ME

PUAL Search report despatched

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009013

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A3

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR

AX Request for extension of the european patent

Extension state: BA ME

RIC1 Information provided on ipc code assigned before grant

Ipc: B42D 13/00 20060101AFI20120706BHEP

Ipc: B65H 39/00 20060101ALI20120706BHEP

Ipc: B65H 37/04 20060101ALN20120706BHEP

Ipc: B42C 1/00 20060101ALN20120706BHEP

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 20130215

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 20150609

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: EXAMINATION IS IN PROGRESS

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION HAS BEEN REFUSED

18R Application refused

Effective date: 20190413