EP2457671B1 - Sorting table with sorting rollers with adjustable openings; machines and facilities using the same. - Google Patents

Sorting table with sorting rollers with adjustable openings; machines and facilities using the same. Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2457671B1
EP2457671B1 EP11358011.2A EP11358011A EP2457671B1 EP 2457671 B1 EP2457671 B1 EP 2457671B1 EP 11358011 A EP11358011 A EP 11358011A EP 2457671 B1 EP2457671 B1 EP 2457671B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sorting
rollers
sorting table
end supports
slide
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Application number
EP11358011.2A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2457671A3 (en
EP2457671A2 (en
Inventor
Roger Pellenc
Jean-Marc Gialis
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Pellenc SAS
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Pellenc SAS
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Publication of EP2457671A2 publication Critical patent/EP2457671A2/en
Publication of EP2457671A3 publication Critical patent/EP2457671A3/en
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07BSEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B1/00Sieving, screening, sifting, or sorting solid materials using networks, gratings, grids, or the like
    • B07B1/46Constructional details of screens in general; Cleaning or heating of screens
    • B07B1/4609Constructional details of screens in general; Cleaning or heating of screens constructional details of screening surfaces or meshes
    • B07B1/4636Regulation of screen apertures
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07BSEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B1/00Sieving, screening, sifting, or sorting solid materials using networks, gratings, grids, or the like
    • B07B1/12Apparatus having only parallel elements
    • B07B1/14Roller screens
    • B07B1/15Roller screens using corrugated, grooved or ribbed rollers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a sorting roller sorting table with adjustable and adjustable spacing.
  • This sorting table can be arranged to carry out the removal of the remaining foreign bodies mixed with the products of the berry crop, it can also be shaped to allow a calibration of various agricultural or food products, or other items, depending on their size or size. It also applies to harvesting machines, in particular to harvesting machines with one or more sorter sorting sorting tables, and, more generally, to installations, in particular to fixed sorting installations. , for example arranged in cellar, in the reception room of the harvest or other harvest of the cellar.
  • the invention also relates to a method for modifying and adjusting the spacing of the sorting rollers of a sorting table.
  • the sorter sorting sorting table according to the invention is intended to ensure the removal of foreign bodies (petioles, leaves, pieces of leaves or shoots, bursts of stakes or stakes, mineral debris, insects, small animals, ...) remaining mixed with grape berries after stalking of the harvest, or other products of the harvest of various berries such as currants, black currants, blackberries, raspberries, cranberries, cranberries, olives,. ..
  • the sorting table according to the invention can be arranged to allow the sizing of various agricultural, food or other products such as potatoes, onions, garlic, fries, apples, pears, shrimps and other crustaceans , ...
  • a sorting sorter sorting table more specifically intended to extract unwanted bodies from a flow of berries poured on said sorting table is, for example, described in the document EP-2030498 .
  • this sorting table comprises a sorter system consisting of a succession of adjacent cylindrical cylindrical rollers arranged in parallel so as to form a sorting plane, and motors for driving in rotation of said rollers in the same direction.
  • said rotating cylindrical rollers rotating on site and being arranged to provide a plurality of openings between two adjacent rolls, so as to allow the passage and the fall of the berries to be sorted only, the foreign bodies larger than those of the latter remaining on the surface of the mobile sorting plan and being evacuated at the downstream end thereof.
  • the rotary roller sorting table described in the aforementioned document gives excellent results in the application for which it is more specifically intended. However, it does not allow to sort grapes or other berries with significant variations in size.
  • a primary solution for varying the section of the passages between the rollers is to change the profile thereof.
  • this requires having several sets of rollers with different profiles and uninstall and install all rolls depending on the size of the elements to be sorted, which can be long, complex and expensive.
  • An object of the present invention is to overcome the disadvantages and / or the shortcomings of sorting sorter sorting tables in which the adjustment of the opening or passage openings of the sorted or calibrated products is obtained by varying the spacing of said sorter rolls.
  • sorter sorting sorting table according to the invention is equally applicable to devices intended to eliminate the foreign bodies mixed with harvested racks and having a plurality of openings formed between the rollers of each pair of adjacent rollers and provided for the passage and the fall of the sorted or calibrated bays, only to the calibration devices according to which a single slot is formed between two adjacent cylindrical rollers, parallel to these.
  • this object is achieved by means of a sorter sorting sorting table according to claim 1 comprising a plurality of sorter rolls or calibrators individually supported, via at least one of their ends, by end supports, these sorting rollers being arranged parallel to each other so as to form a sorting plane, and means for driving in rotation of said rollers in the same direction, so as to allow a displacement of the crop poured on the upstream part of this sorting plane, in a direction perpendicular to the axis of said rotary rollers, said rotary rollers being shaped or arranged so as to provide at least one opening, or a plurality of openings, between two adjacent rolls, so that only products that are to be sorted or calibrated are allowed to pass and fall, foreign objects or products larger than e of the products to be sorted remaining on the surface of the mobile sorting plan and being discharged at the downstream end thereof, said sorting sorting sorting table further comprising means for modifying the spacing of the rollers and consequently , the section of the opening or opening
  • the sorter rollers are supported by means of their opposite ends, by mounted end supports, with a limited displacement ability, on the one hand, on the lateral slide of drive and, secondly, on a second lateral guide slide oriented perpendicular to the axis' of said rollers, elastic elements being interposed between said end supports and means allow the approximation or removal of the supports of end and sorter rolls supported by them.
  • the elastic elements are constituted by helical springs acting in compression.
  • the elastic elements are constituted by helical springs acting in tension.
  • the elastic elements are made of elastically compressible material.
  • the elastic elements are mounted coaxially around the slide or each lateral slide.
  • the sorter sorter sorting table comprises feeding rollers arranged upstream of the sorter rollers and supported by end supports mounted with a limited displacement ability on the or each slide, said supports end being maintained in invariable spacing.
  • the drive slide has a section allowing its coupling in rotation with the input member of an integrated angle gear in the movable end supports of the rollers, these references of angle being releasably coupled to the driving end of said rollers.
  • the drive slide on which are mounted the angle of return is of polygonal or ovoid section.
  • the drive slide on which are mounted the angle references is hexagonal section.
  • the sorting table comprises actuating means acting in synchronization and allowing compression or expansion of the elastic elements interposed between the end supports of the sorter rollers, these actuating means comprise, on each side of the sorting table, a compression bar, (in the case where the elastic elements are constituted by compression springs or elastically compressible elements) or expansion (in the case where the elastic elements are constituted by springs traction), this bar being movable axially and one of its ends is in contact with the end support of the sorter roll "upstream" of the sorting table.
  • actuating means acting in synchronization and allowing compression or expansion of the elastic elements interposed between the end supports of the sorter rollers
  • these actuating means comprise, on each side of the sorting table, a compression bar, (in the case where the elastic elements are constituted by compression springs or elastically compressible elements) or expansion (in the case where the elastic elements are constituted by springs traction), this bar being movable axially and one of its ends is in contact with the end support of
  • the actuating means for moving the movable end supports of the rollers comprise a second axially movable push or pull bar and one end of which is in contact with the end support of the roll. downstream “of the sorting table.
  • each compression bar or expansion bar is constituted by a rack and the bars homologous to each pair of push bars or traction rods are connected by at least one shaft to ensure their synchronized movement.
  • the displacements of the pairs of compression or expansion bars homologous are provided by integral pinions synchronization shafts arranged transversely below the sorting table.
  • the synchronization bars are provided, at one of their ends, with a pinion meshing with a toothed sector secured to a manually operated tilting control lever and provided with a device enabling immobilize it in the desirable position.
  • the drive ends of the synchronization shafts are coupled to a motor ensuring the rotation of the latter.
  • the invention also relates to berry harvesting machines and in particular harvesting machines comprising at least one sorting table having the above-mentioned characteristic arrangements.
  • a ginning device is disposed above the feeding rollers of the sorting table having the aforementioned characteristic features.
  • the sorting table is disposed above the upper opening of the one or more bins, this embodiment being still remarkable by a arrangement according to which the compression means of the elastic elements can bring the sorter rollers in a position leaving free access to the bucket.
  • the invention also relates to berry harvesting machines, comprising a sorter sorting sorting table having the aforementioned characteristic arrangements and a collecting container above an upper opening of which said sorting table is arranged, remarkable in that this the last still comprises means for partially neutralizing the sorting function of the sorting table and to maintain its conveying function, said means allowing the displacement of all the rollers of the sorting table towards the upstream direction, so as to provide, downstream, a direct access opening of the harvested harvest to the collecting container by allowing only the falling of the bunches and seeds into the vat and the ejection, out of it, of the woods (vines) mixed together at the transported vintage, said access opening being delimited by one of the upper edges of the collecting container.
  • the invention also relates to a method for modifying and adjusting the spacing of the sorting rollers of a sorting table according to claim 20 comprising a plurality of sorting rollers or calibrators rotating in the same direction, supported by end supports and arranged parallel to each other so as to form a sorting plane, said rotary rollers being shaped or arranged so as to provide at least one opening, or a plurality of openings between two adjacent rollers, so as to allow the passage and the fall of the products to be sorted or calibrated only, the foreign bodies or products of larger size than those of the latter remaining on the surface of the sorting plan and being evacuated at the downstream end thereof, the sorters or calibrators being mounted with adjustable spacing, the end supports of the sorter rollers being installed with a limited translational capability r at least one lateral slide or, preferably, two lateral slides oriented perpendicularly to the axis of said rollers, and in that elastic elements are interposed between said end supports of the sorters or calibrators, this method being applicable to harvesting machines in
  • sorting table of the kind described in the document EP-2030498 .
  • the sorting table according to the present invention can equally well be applied to rotary roller calibration tables, between which is formed a single opening or slot parallel to the axis of said rotary rollers, for example of the type described in US Pat. Documents US 7117996 and US 5279427 .
  • upstream portion Downstream end
  • upstream roll upstream roll
  • downstream roll downstream roll
  • drive slide refers to the slide that communicates the motor movement to the rotating rollers and the expression “guide slide” refers to the opposite slide.
  • the sorting table is constituted by a succession of adjacent rotary rollers and calibrators of generally cylindrical shape 1 supported by at least one of their ends 1a ( figure 13 ) by end supports 3 and arranged in parallel, so as to form a sorting plane comprising an upstream portion 5 and a downstream end 6.
  • the sorters or calibrators 1 are supported, by intermediate of each of their ends 1a, 1b, directly or indirectly, by end supports 3 and 4, and this very advantageous embodiment is described and illustrated in detail hereinafter and in the accompanying drawings .
  • the sorting rollers 1 are rotated in the same direction by means described hereinafter, so as to allow a displacement, of the vintage poured on the upstream part 5 of this sorting plane, in a direction perpendicular to the axis said rotary rollers 1, towards the downstream end 6 of said sorting plane.
  • the sorting rollers 1 are arranged and arranged to provide at least one opening or calibration slot (not shown) or, preferably, a plurality of openings 7, between two adjacent rollers, so as to allow the passage and the fall berry or other products to be sorted or graded, in a collecting container C placed beneath the sorting table, foreign bodies or products of a size larger than that of the berries remaining on the surface of the mobile sorting plan and being evacuated at the downstream end 6 thereof.
  • Each sorting roll 1 can be made in the manner indicated in the document EP-2030498 ; they are, in this case, constituted by a succession of circular reliefs 8 separated by circular grooves 9.
  • the circular reliefs 8 of each sorting roll 1 are slightly offset with respect to the circular reliefs 8 or the neighboring sorting rollers 1 and their edges are engaged in the grooves 9 of said adjacent roll or rolls so as to allow the formation of sorting or sizing openings 7 of round or approximately round shape and dimensioned to allow the passage of berries to be sorted or calibrated only.
  • sorter rolls 1 could have another conformation, so as to provide a single opening or slot between two adjacent rollers for the calibration of certain products.
  • end supports 3, 4 mounted with limited amplitude translation ability perpendicular to the axis of rotation of said rollers and elements.
  • elastic members 10 are interposed between said end supports 3, 4.
  • these elastic elements 10 are constituted by helical springs acting in compression. It is understood that by exerting a closing action between the end supports 3, 4 of the sorter rollers 1 from a maximum spacing position thereof corresponding to a maximum dimension of the openings 7, it compresses in a manner equal to all the springs 10. In this way, a combination of all the rollers 1 and a decrease in the size of the passage openings 7 are obtained.
  • the device can operate as follows, from a rest position in which the rollers are in the maximum spacing position.
  • the extreme roll is immobilized. downstream and the upstream end roller is moved downstream so as to bring it closer to the downstream end roller.
  • the end supports 3, 4 of the sorting rollers 1 could be interconnected by means of helical coil springs not shown by any removable connection means. In this case, it is conceivable that any effort to distance the end supports 3, 4 from a maximum approach position corresponding to a minimum dimension of the openings 7 causes an equal extension of the set of traction springs. In this way, a separation of the set of rollers 1 and an increase in the size of the passage openings 7 are obtained.
  • the device can operate as follows, from a rest position in which the rollers are in the maximum approach position.
  • the downstream end roll is immobilized and the upstream end roll is moved in the direction of the upstream so as to move it away from the downstream end roll.
  • elastic elements made of a compressible material can be interposed between the end supports 3, 4 of the sorting rollers 1.
  • these elastically deformable elements behave like springs. acting in compression.
  • the elastic elements 10 compression spring, or tension springs, or elastically deformable elements all having identical stiffnesses, or substantially identical, their natural actions of expansion or compression tending to bring them back to an equilibrium position are identical , or approximately the same, so that the spacing "e" of two neighboring sorting rollers 1 always remains the same, or approximately the same, over the entire length of the succession of sorting rollers 1, regardless of the dimension of this spacing "e ".
  • the end supports 3, 4 and the elastic elements 10 separating them are mounted with a limited ability to move on lateral slides 11, 12 oriented perpendicular to the axis of the sorting rollers 1.
  • the end supports 3, 4 and the elastic elements 10 separating them are mounted coaxially, with a limited ability to move, on lateral slides 11, 12 oriented perpendicularly to the axis of the sorting rollers 1.
  • the elastic elements 10 interposed between the movable end supports 3 and 4 could be arranged near the slides 11 and 12.
  • these end supports are constituted, on the one hand, by a transmission box 3, and on the other hand, by a locking module 4.
  • the sorting table according to the invention could consist solely of a plurality of sorters or calibrators 1.
  • the sorting table also comprises feed rollers 2 arranged upstream of the sorters or calibrators rollers 1 and having the function of orienting the waste of elongate shape perpendicularly to the axis of rotation of said rollers to convey them, in this position, to all of the sorters or calibrator 1, while allowing the evacuation of small debris or waste.
  • Said sorting or sizing rollers 1 have the function of separating the berries from foreign bodies to be eliminated, or of separating the small berries from the undesired larger berries. An example of execution of such feeder rollers is described in the document EP-2030498 .
  • the rotary feeding rollers 2 constituting the upstream portion 5 of the sorting plane comprise a succession of circular reliefs 13 separated by circular grooves 14 and are positioned so that the circular reliefs 13 of these rollers are embedded in the circular grooves 14 of the neighboring roller or rollers.
  • a gap or gap "i" shaped baffle reduced width being formed between the parts that interpenetrate neighboring rollers 2; this gap "i” having, for example, a width of the order of 2 to 3 mm, so as to let only debris or waste of very small size (seeds, small mineral or vegetable debris, etc .... ).
  • the feeding rollers 2 are maintained in an invariable spacing, for example by means of rigid spacers 15 interposed between the end supports 3, 4 of each pair of adjacent feed rollers 2.
  • the means for rotating, in the same direction, the rollers 1, 2 comprise one (11) of the lateral slides 11, 12.
  • this slide has a section allowing its coupling in rotation with the input member of a transmission box 3.
  • the drive means rotation may comprise angle gears 16 integrated in the movable end supports 3, these angular references being detachably coupled to one end or drive end of said rollers 1, 2.
  • the drive slide may comprise for this purpose a polygonal section, preferably hexagonal, or ovoid.
  • the drive from the slide 11 can be obtained by other means known to those skilled in the art such as fluted section, keying, flat section, ...
  • the slide 11 is rotated by any suitable drive motor 17 (electric geared motor, hydraulic, pneumatic, thermal, ...) coupled, for example by means of a gear 17a, at one end of said slide 11.
  • drive motor 17 electric geared motor, hydraulic, pneumatic, thermal, Certainly
  • the guide slide 12 may have a circular section.
  • the feeding rollers 2 and the sorting rollers 1 are removably and interchangeably mounted in the end supports 3, 4.
  • An embodiment of the removable assembly of the rollers 1 and 2 is illustrated in FIG. figure 11 .
  • the example of removable mounting of the rollers is shown in this figure with reference to the sorting rollers 1 only, being observed that it may be identical for the feed rollers 2.
  • each bevel gear 16 comprises an inner ring 18 having a central hole of polygonal shape, for example hexagonal, so as to be traversed by the slide 11 and to be able to be rotated by the latter.
  • Each ring 18 of each bevel gear 16 is shaped so as to mesh with a member 19 whose axis is perpendicular, or approximately perpendicular to that of the slide 11.
  • the ring 18 may have a peripheral wheel 18a of conical shape, rotating a pinion 19a located at the proximal end of the member 19, also of conical shape, so that the axis of the output rotational movement, that is to say the axis of rotation of the member 19, orthogonal to the axis of the input rotational movement, that is to say the axis of rotation of the ring 18 which is identical to that of the slide 11.
  • the distal end 19b of the member 19 is disengageably engaged in a bore 20 that has the drive end 1a, 2a of the bars of the rollers 1, 2.
  • This coupling of the member 19 and the rod of the rollers 1, 2, is such that it allows the transmission of the rotational movement of said member to said bar.
  • the opposite end 1b, 2b of the rollers 1, 2 is supported, removably, by end supports 4, 4 'for example constituted by bearing support boxes.
  • the Support boxes are themselves mounted on the opposite lateral slide, or guide slide 12, with limited moving ability.
  • the coupling of the end 1b or 2b of the rollers can be achieved by means of a plurality of retractable axes supported by the end supports 4, 4 'and engaged in a bore that has said end of the bars of the rollers 1, 2.
  • These retractable axes 21 are subjected to the action of an elastic means tending to push them into the coupling position.
  • This elastic means is, for example, constituted by a helical spring 23 acting in compression, arranged around the axis 21 and wedged between a washer 24 fixed on the inner portion of said axis and the side 25 of the carrier structure.
  • the table sorting comprises a single rotational drive slide 11 on which are mounted said end supports 3, 3 'incorporating the angle of return 16, 16'.
  • Such a simplified arrangement is particularly envisaged for sorting or sizing machines whose rollers have a reduced length, for example of the order of 60 cm, whereas the sorting tables whose rollers are supported by their two ends, can include sorter rollers 1 and feeders 2 of a much longer length, for example of the order of 1 m 60.
  • the sorting table according to the invention also comprises means making it possible to modify the spacing of the sorting or sizing rollers 1 and, consequently, the section of the opening or openings 7 for the products, depending on the size of the these, so that said sorting rollers 1 are likely to occupy a position of maximum spacing in which the opening or the openings have a maximum passage section ( Figures 2, 3 , 6 and 7 ), and a maximum approach position in which the opening or apertures have a minimum cross section ( Figures 4, 5 , 8 and 9 ).
  • the harvest when the harvest is discharged, after destemming, on the upstream part 5 of the sorting plan, it is first conveyed towards the downstream part thereof, by the feeding rollers 2.
  • the small foreign bodies P seeds, vegetable and mineral debris, ...) and the juice pass through the interstices "i” and fall into a perforated tray (not shown) arranged below said rollers and allowing recovery of the juice;
  • the elongated debris PT (petioles, twigs, pieces of branches, etc.) are oriented perpendicularly to the axis of the rollers 1 and 2 as soon as they come into contact with the feeding rollers 2 and conveyed in this position with the harvest thus cleared of its small foreign bodies, towards the sorting rollers 1.
  • the grape berries B pass through the openings 7 made between the sorting rollers 1 and are recovered in a bucket C ( if the sorting table is loaded on a harvesting machine) or in a tank installed at a fixed station, or in a harvest pump (if the sorting table is installed in a fixed position) placed under the sorting rollers 1.
  • Feed rollers 2 and sorting rollers 1 are removably and interchangeably mounted on the load-bearing framework of the sorting table.
  • the sorting table further comprises actuating means for bringing the end supports 3, 4 closer together or away from each other and, consequently, bringing the sorting rollers 1 supported by them closer together or away from each other.
  • these actuating means applicable to the sorting tables using elastic elements constituted by compression coil springs or elements made of elastically compressible material are arranged in such a way as to allow the compression of the elements.
  • these actuating means applicable to the sorting tables using elastic elements constituted by tensile coil springs are arranged so as to allow the expansion of the elastic elements interposed between the support supports. end 3, 4 of the sorter rollers 2 and the spacing of said rollers, from a minimum spacing position.
  • the sorting table comprises means for synchronizing the movement of the end supports 3, 4, and consequently the rollers 1 themselves, on the slides 11, 12.
  • the actuating means comprise, on at least one of the sides (according to the embodiment of the figure 13 ), or preferably on each side of the sorting table, an axially movable compression or expansion bar 27 and one end of which is bent at 90 ° is in contact with the end support 3, 3 'or 4, 4 'of the roll "upstream" of the sorting table.
  • the actuating means for moving the movable end supports of the rollers 1, 2 comprise a second axially movable pushing or pulling bar 28, one end of which is bent at 90 °, in contact with each other. with the end support 3, 3 'or 4, 4' of the "downstream" roll of the sorting table.
  • the actuating means could be constituted by double-acting cylinders, in contact with the end supports 3, 3 ', 4, 4' extreme respectively supporting the roll constituting the upstream end of the sorting table and the roll constituting the downstream end of the sorting table.
  • said homologous bars of each pair of bars 27a-27b, 28a-28b of thrust or traction are connected by at least one rotary shaft 29, 30 to ensure their synchronized movement.
  • Each bar of compression or expansion of pairs of homologous bars 27a-27b, 28a-28b is constituted by a rack engaged with a pinion, respectively 29a, 29b, 30a, 30b, integral in rotation with the synchronization shaft 29 Disposed transversely below the sorting table.
  • the synchronization bars 29, 30 are provided, at one of their ends, with a pinion 29c, 30c meshing with a toothed sector 31a, 32a integral with a tilting control lever 31 , 32 manually operable.
  • control levers 31, 32 are advantageously provided with a device (for example a ratchet device) making it possible to immobilize them in the desirable position so as to maintain the desired gap "e" between the sorting rolls 1, as a function of the berry size or other products to be sorted or sized.
  • a device for example a ratchet device
  • the drive ends of the synchronization shafts are coupled to a motor 33, 34 (see FIG. figure 10 ), rotating said synchronizing shafts.
  • the invention also covers berry harvesting machines and, more particularly, harvesting machines comprising a sorter sorting sorting table having the characteristics described above.
  • These machines may comprise a ginning device G disposed above the feeding rollers 2 of said sorting table, itself disposed above the upper opening of collecting containers C for receiving the crop, these containers usually being constituted by bins. installed at the top of the machines.
  • the compression means 27a, 27b, 28a, 28b of the elastic elements 10 make it possible to bring the sorting rollers 1 closer together in a position allowing free access to the collecting container C which the machine is equipped with according to the invention. invention, so as to allow the direct discharge into said bucket, grape berries B mixed with leaves and stalks, when the nature of the grape varieties and winemaking processes make it desirable the non-separation thereof. In this case, only the large waste is ejected by passing over the opening direct access to the bucket because of the kinetic energy imparted by the rotation of the sorter rollers 1.
  • the invention also covers stationary sorting installations, in particular in the cellar, of the type comprising a sorter sorting sorting table having the characteristics described above, and a receiving vessel C over an opening of which is arranged said sorting table.
  • the invention also relates to a method for modifying and adjusting the spacing of the sorting rollers 1 of a sorting table comprising a plurality of sorting rollers or calibrators 1 rotating in the same direction, supported by end supports 3, 4 and arranged parallel to each other, so as to form a sorting plan.
  • the rotary sorters 1 are shaped or arranged so as to provide at least one opening, or a plurality of openings 7, between the adjacent rollers of each pair of rollers, so as to allow the passage and the fall of the products to be sorted or calibrate only, the EC foreign bodies or the products of larger size than the latter remaining on the surface of the mobile sorting plan and being discharged at the downstream end thereof, the sorters or calibrators rollers 1 being mounted with a adjustable spacing.
  • the end supports 3, 4 of the sorting rolls 1 are mounted with a limited translational ability, on two parallel lateral slides 11, 12, oriented perpendicular to the axis of said rollers whose spacing variations "e" are obtained in interposing elastic members 10 between said end supports 3, 4 and compressing or expanding said resilient members 10 also mounted with axial displacement ability on said side slides 11, 12.
  • This method is more particularly applicable to harvesting machines in which the sorting table is disposed above a collection container of the sorted products; it is remarkable in that the sorting function is neutralized while maintaining the conveying function of said sorting table, by moving all the rollers 1, 2 of the latter towards the upstream and by providing a space E between the downstream end 6 of the sorting table and one of the sides of the tank.
  • the method thus makes it possible to create a direct access opening of unsorted or calibrated products to said receiving tank C, so as to cause the clusters and seeds to fall into the tank and to eject, out of said tank C, wood (S-branches) mixed with the harvested vintage.
  • FIGS. 14, 15 , 16 and 17 illustrate an example of implementation of this method, applied to a sorting table whose elastic elements 10 are constituted by helical springs acting in compression or elastically compressible elements.
  • the implementation method would be substantially identical.
  • the Figures 18 and 19 show a relatively large body D with a hardness such that it would be able to cause a deformation of the rollers 1 if they were mounted without the possibility of erasure.

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  • Combined Means For Separation Of Solids (AREA)

Description

La présente invention concerne une table de tri à rouleaux trieurs à écartement modifiable et réglable. Cette table de tri peut être agencée pour réaliser l'élimination des corps étrangers restant mélangés aux produits de la récolte de petits fruits ;, elle peut aussi être conformée pour permettre un calibrage de produits agricoles ou alimentaires divers, ou autres articles, en fonction de leur grosseur ou calibre. Elle s'applique également aux machines de récolte, en particulier, aux machines à vendanger comportant une ou plusieurs tables de tri à rouleaux trieurs, ainsi que, d'une manière plus générale, aux installations, en particulier aux installations de tri à poste fixe, par exemple aménagées en cave, dans le local de réception de la vendange ou autre récolte de la cave.The present invention relates to a sorting roller sorting table with adjustable and adjustable spacing. This sorting table can be arranged to carry out the removal of the remaining foreign bodies mixed with the products of the berry crop, it can also be shaped to allow a calibration of various agricultural or food products, or other items, depending on their size or size. It also applies to harvesting machines, in particular to harvesting machines with one or more sorter sorting sorting tables, and, more generally, to installations, in particular to fixed sorting installations. , for example arranged in cellar, in the reception room of the harvest or other harvest of the cellar.

L'invention vise également un procédé de modification et de réglage de l'écartement des rouleaux trieurs d'une table de tri.The invention also relates to a method for modifying and adjusting the spacing of the sorting rollers of a sorting table.

Suivant une application particulièrement intéressante, la table de tri à rouleaux trieurs selon l'invention est destinée, à assurer l'élimination des corps étrangers (pétioles, feuilles, morceaux de feuilles ou de sarments, éclats de piquets ou de tuteurs, débris minéraux, insectes, petits animaux, ...) restant mêlés aux baies de raisin après l'égrappage de la vendange, ou autres produits de la récolte de petits fruits divers tels que groseilles, cassis, mûres, framboises, airelles, canneberges, olives, ...According to a particularly interesting application, the sorter sorting sorting table according to the invention is intended to ensure the removal of foreign bodies (petioles, leaves, pieces of leaves or shoots, bursts of stakes or stakes, mineral debris, insects, small animals, ...) remaining mixed with grape berries after stalking of the harvest, or other products of the harvest of various berries such as currants, black currants, blackberries, raspberries, cranberries, cranberries, olives,. ..

Selon une autre application possible, la table de tri selon l'invention peut être agencée pour permettre le calibrage de produits divers, agricoles, alimentaire ou autres tels que pommes de terre, oignons, aulx, frites, pommes, poires, crevettes et autres crustacés, ...According to another possible application, the sorting table according to the invention can be arranged to allow the sizing of various agricultural, food or other products such as potatoes, onions, garlic, fries, apples, pears, shrimps and other crustaceans , ...

Une table de tri à rouleaux trieurs plus spécialement destinée à extraire les corps indésirables d'un flux de baies déversé sur ladite table de tri est, par exemple, décrite dans le document EP-2.030.498 . Selon ce document, cette table de tri comporte un système trieur constitué par une succession de rouleaux rotatifs adjacents de forme générale cylindrique disposés parallèlement de sorte à former un plan de tri, et des moteurs permettant l'entraînement en rotation desdits rouleaux dans le même sens, de sorte à permettre un déplacement de la vendange déversée sur la partie amont de ce plan de tri, dans une direction perpendiculaire à l'axe desdits rouleaux rotatifs cylindriques et sur toute la longueur dudit plan de tri, lesdits rouleaux rotatifs cylindriques tournant sur place et étant agencés de manière à ménager une pluralité d'ouvertures entre deux rouleaux voisins, de sorte à permettre le passage et la chute des petits fruits à trier seulement, les corps étrangers de taille supérieure à celle de ces derniers restant à la surface du plan de tri mobile et étant évacués à l'extrémité aval de celui-ci.A sorting sorter sorting table more specifically intended to extract unwanted bodies from a flow of berries poured on said sorting table is, for example, described in the document EP-2030498 . According to this document, this sorting table comprises a sorter system consisting of a succession of adjacent cylindrical cylindrical rollers arranged in parallel so as to form a sorting plane, and motors for driving in rotation of said rollers in the same direction. , so as to allow a displacement of the spilled grape on the upstream part of this sorting plane, in a direction perpendicular to the axis of said cylindrical rotary rollers and over the entire length of said sorting plane, said rotating cylindrical rollers rotating on site and being arranged to provide a plurality of openings between two adjacent rolls, so as to allow the passage and the fall of the berries to be sorted only, the foreign bodies larger than those of the latter remaining on the surface of the mobile sorting plan and being evacuated at the downstream end thereof.

La table de tri à rouleaux rotatifs décrite dans le document susmentionné donne d'excellents résultats dans l'application à laquelle elle est plus spécialement destinée. Toutefois, elle ne permet pas de trier des grains de raisins ou autres baies présentant des variations sensibles de grosseur.The rotary roller sorting table described in the aforementioned document gives excellent results in the application for which it is more specifically intended. However, it does not allow to sort grapes or other berries with significant variations in size.

En effet, l'une des principales contraintes imposée aux utilisateurs de tables de tri à rouleaux comportant des ouvertures de passage à section fixe, résulte de la variabilité importante de la taille des produits de la récolte (par exemple variabilité importante de la grosseur des baies de raisin en fonction des cépages, ... ).Indeed, one of the main constraints imposed on users of roller sorting tables with fixed section openings is the large variability in the size of the crop products (for example, large variability in berry size). of grapes according to the grape varieties, ...).

Une solution primaire permettant de faire varier la section des passages ménagés entre les rouleaux consiste à modifier le profil de ceux-ci. Cependant, cela nécessite de posséder plusieurs jeux de rouleaux présentant des profils différents et de désinstaller et installer la totalité des rouleaux en fonction de la taille des éléments à trier, ce qui peut être long, complexe et coûteux.A primary solution for varying the section of the passages between the rollers is to change the profile thereof. However, this requires having several sets of rollers with different profiles and uninstall and install all rolls depending on the size of the elements to be sorted, which can be long, complex and expensive.

Des solutions mécaniques ont été proposées ( FR-2.511.575 qui décrit une table de tri à rouleaux selon la revendication 1 et un procédé selon la revendication 20, FR-2.938.157 , US-5.279.427 , GB-2.277.046 , EP-0.951.950 , DE-1.965.243 , US-7.117.996 ) pour modifier l'écartement entre les rouleaux de calibrage et/ou la section des ouvertures de passage des produits, ménagées entre les rouleaux.Mechanical solutions have been proposed ( FR-2511575 which describes a roller sorting table according to claim 1 and a method according to claim 20, FR-2938157 , US 5279427 , GB-2,277,046 , EP-0951950 , DE-1965243 , US 7117996 ) to change the spacing between the calibration rollers and / or the section of the product passage openings formed between the rollers.

Toutefois, ces solutions mettent en oeuvre des systèmes mécaniques de conception et de fonctionnement complexes ne dépassant pas, dans certains cas, le cadre de propositions purement théoriques.However, these solutions use mechanical systems of complex design and operation not exceeding, in certain cases, the framework of purely theoretical proposals.

En outre, ces systèmes :

  • ne permettent pas la neutralisation de leur fonction de tri ou de calibrage, tout en leur conservant leur fonction de convoyage des produits de la récolte ;
  • n'offrent aucune sécurité contre le risque d'endommagement qui pourrait résulter de la présence, dans la récolte, d'un corps dur venant se coincer entre deux rouleaux adjacents.
In addition, these systems:
  • do not allow the neutralization of their sorting or sizing function, while retaining their function of conveying the products of the harvest;
  • do not offer any security against the risk of damage which could result from the presence, in the harvest, of a hard body being wedged between two adjacent rollers.

Un but de la présente invention est de remédier aux inconvénients et/ou aux insuffisances des tables de tri à rouleaux trieurs dans lesquelles le réglage de l'ouverture ou des ouvertures de passage des produits triés ou calibrés est obtenu par une variation de l'écartement desdits rouleaux trieurs.An object of the present invention is to overcome the disadvantages and / or the shortcomings of sorting sorter sorting tables in which the adjustment of the opening or passage openings of the sorted or calibrated products is obtained by varying the spacing of said sorter rolls.

On précise que la table de tri à rouleaux trieurs selon l'invention s'applique aussi bien aux dispositifs destinés à éliminer les corps étrangers mêlés aux baies récoltées et comportant une pluralité d'ouvertures ménagées entre les rouleaux de chaque couple de rouleaux adjacents et prévues pour le passage et la chute des baies triées ou calibrées, qu'aux dispositifs de calibrage selon lesquels une unique fente est ménagée entre deux rouleaux cylindriques adjacents, parallèlement à ceux-ci.It is specified that the sorter sorting sorting table according to the invention is equally applicable to devices intended to eliminate the foreign bodies mixed with harvested racks and having a plurality of openings formed between the rollers of each pair of adjacent rollers and provided for the passage and the fall of the sorted or calibrated bays, only to the calibration devices according to which a single slot is formed between two adjacent cylindrical rollers, parallel to these.

En raison de l'application particulièrement avantageuse de l'invention à l'élimination des corps étrangers mêlés aux produits de la récolte de la vendange, il est décrit ci-après un exemple de mise en oeuvre de cette application, mais il est souligné que cette destination n'est aucunement limitative.Due to the particularly advantageous application of the invention to the elimination of foreign bodies mixed with the products of harvest of the harvest, it is described below an example of implementation of this application, but it is emphasized that this destination is in no way limiting.

Selon l'invention, ce but est atteint grâce à une table de tri à rouleaux trieurs selon la revendication 1 comprenant une pluralité de rouleaux trieurs ou calibreurs soutenus, individuellement, par l'intermédiaire de l'une au moins de leurs extrémités, par des supports d'extrémité, ces rouleaux trieurs étant disposés parallèlement les uns à la suite des autres de sorte à former un plan de tri, et des moyens permettant l'entraînement en rotation desdits rouleaux dans le même sens, de sorte à permettre un déplacement de la récolte déversée sur la partie amont de ce plan de tri, dans une direction perpendiculaire à l'axe desdits rouleaux rotatifs, lesdits rouleaux rotatifs étant conformés ou disposés de manière à ménager au moins une ouverture, ou une pluralité d'ouvertures, entre deux rouleaux voisins, de sorte à autoriser le passage et la chute des produits à trier ou à calibrer seulement, les corps étrangers ou les produits de taille supérieure à celle des produits à trier restant à la surface du plan de tri mobile et étant évacués à l'extrémité aval de celui-ci, ladite table de tri à rouleaux trieurs comprenant encore des moyens permettant de modifier l'écartement des rouleaux et, par conséquent, la section de l'ouverture ou des ouvertures de passage des produits en fonction de la taille de ces derniers, de sorte que lesdits rouleaux trieurs sont susceptibles d'occuper une position d'écartement maximale dans laquelle l'ouverture ou les ouvertures ont une section de passage maximale, et une position de rapprochement maximale suivant laquelle l'ouverture ou les ouvertures ont une section de passage minimale, les supports d'extrémité des rouleaux trieurs étant montés avec une aptitude de translation limitée sur au moins une coulisse latérale orientée perpendiculairement à l'axe desdits rouleaux, des éléments élastiques étant interposés entre lesdits supports d'extrémité et des moyens d'actionnement permettent le rapprochement ou l'éloignement desdits supports d'extrémité et des rouleaux supportés par ces derniers, suivant la nature des éléments élastiques, à l'encontre de l'action antagoniste exercée par lesdits éléments élastiques, de sorte à diminuer ou à augmenter la section des ouvertures de passage des produits triés ou calibrés, les déplacements de sens contraire desdits supports d'extrémité et des rouleaux trieurs étant assurés par l'action d'expansion ou de compression desdits éléments élastiques, cette table de tri étant notamment remarquable en ce que ladite coulisse latérale constitue le moyen d'entraînement en rotation des rouleaux.According to the invention, this object is achieved by means of a sorter sorting sorting table according to claim 1 comprising a plurality of sorter rolls or calibrators individually supported, via at least one of their ends, by end supports, these sorting rollers being arranged parallel to each other so as to form a sorting plane, and means for driving in rotation of said rollers in the same direction, so as to allow a displacement of the crop poured on the upstream part of this sorting plane, in a direction perpendicular to the axis of said rotary rollers, said rotary rollers being shaped or arranged so as to provide at least one opening, or a plurality of openings, between two adjacent rolls, so that only products that are to be sorted or calibrated are allowed to pass and fall, foreign objects or products larger than e of the products to be sorted remaining on the surface of the mobile sorting plan and being discharged at the downstream end thereof, said sorting sorting sorting table further comprising means for modifying the spacing of the rollers and consequently , the section of the opening or openings for the passage of products according to the size of the latter, so that said sorter rollers are likely to occupy a position of maximum spacing in which the opening or openings have a maximum passage section, and a maximum approach position in which the opening or apertures have a minimum passage cross-section, the end supports of the sorter rollers being mounted with limited translational ability on at least one perpendicularly oriented lateral slideway to the axis of said rollers, elastic elements being interposed between said end supports and actuating means allowing nt the bringing together or removal of said end supports and the rollers supported by them, depending on the nature of the elastic elements, against the action antagonist exerted by said elastic members, so as to decrease or increase the section of the passage openings of the sorted or calibrated products, the displacement in opposite directions of said end supports and sorter rollers being provided by the expansion action or compression of said elastic elements, this sorting table being particularly remarkable in that said lateral slide is the drive means in rotation of the rollers.

De manière avantageuse et particulièrement visée par l'invention, les rouleaux trieurs sont soutenus par l'intermédiaire de leurs extrémités opposées, par des supports d'extrémité montés, avec une aptitude de déplacement limitée, d'une part, sur la coulisse latérale d'entraînement et, d'autre part, sur une deuxième coulisse latérale de guidage orientée perpendiculairement à l'axe' desdits rouleaux, des éléments élastiques étant interposés entre lesdits supports d'extrémité et des moyens permettent le rapprochement ou l'éloignement des supports d'extrémité et des rouleaux trieurs soutenus par ces derniers.Advantageously and particularly targeted by the invention, the sorter rollers are supported by means of their opposite ends, by mounted end supports, with a limited displacement ability, on the one hand, on the lateral slide of drive and, secondly, on a second lateral guide slide oriented perpendicular to the axis' of said rollers, elastic elements being interposed between said end supports and means allow the approximation or removal of the supports of end and sorter rolls supported by them.

Selon un mode de réalisation, les éléments élastiques sont constitués par des ressorts hélicoïdaux agissant en compression.According to one embodiment, the elastic elements are constituted by helical springs acting in compression.

Selon un autre mode de réalisation, les éléments élastiques sont constitués par des ressorts hélicoïdaux agissant en traction.According to another embodiment, the elastic elements are constituted by helical springs acting in tension.

Selon un autre mode d'exécution, les éléments élastiques sont exécutés en matériau compressible élastiquement.According to another embodiment, the elastic elements are made of elastically compressible material.

Selon un mode d'exécution avantageux, les éléments élastiques sont montés, coaxialement autour de la coulisse ou de chaque coulisse latérale.According to an advantageous embodiment, the elastic elements are mounted coaxially around the slide or each lateral slide.

Selon un mode de mise en oeuvre avantageux, la table de tri à rouleaux trieurs comporte des rouleaux ameneurs disposés en amont des rouleaux trieurs et soutenus par des supports d'extrémité montés avec une aptitude de déplacement limitée sur la ou sur chaque coulisse, lesdits supports d'extrémité étant maintenus en écartement invariable.According to an advantageous embodiment, the sorter sorter sorting table comprises feeding rollers arranged upstream of the sorter rollers and supported by end supports mounted with a limited displacement ability on the or each slide, said supports end being maintained in invariable spacing.

Selon un mode d'exécution avantageux, la coulisse d'entraînement présente une section permettant son accouplement en rotation avec l'organe d'entrée d'un renvoi d'angle intégré dans les supports d'extrémité mobile des rouleaux, ces renvois d'angle étant accouplés, de manière amovible, à l'extrémité d'entraînement desdits rouleaux.According to an advantageous embodiment, the drive slide has a section allowing its coupling in rotation with the input member of an integrated angle gear in the movable end supports of the rollers, these references of angle being releasably coupled to the driving end of said rollers.

Selon un mode d'exécution préféré, la coulisse d'entraînement sur laquelle sont montés les renvois d'angle est de section polygonale ou ovoïde.According to a preferred embodiment, the drive slide on which are mounted the angle of return is of polygonal or ovoid section.

Selon un mode d'exécution préféré, la coulisse d'entraînement sur laquelle sont montés les renvois d'angle est de section hexagonale.According to a preferred embodiment, the drive slide on which are mounted the angle references is hexagonal section.

Selon un mode de réalisation, la table de tri comporte des moyens d'actionnement agissant en synchronisation et permettant la compression ou l'expansion des éléments élastiques interposés entre les supports d'extrémité des rouleaux trieurs, ces moyens d'actionnement comprennent, sur chaque côté de la table de tri, une barre de compression, (dans le cas où les éléments élastiques sont constitués par des ressorts de compression ou des éléments compressibles élastiquement) ou d'expansion (dans le cas où les éléments élastiques sont constitués par des ressorts de traction), cette barre étant mobile axialement et l'une de ses extrémités est en contact avec le support d'extrémité du rouleau trieur « amont » de la table de tri.According to one embodiment, the sorting table comprises actuating means acting in synchronization and allowing compression or expansion of the elastic elements interposed between the end supports of the sorter rollers, these actuating means comprise, on each side of the sorting table, a compression bar, (in the case where the elastic elements are constituted by compression springs or elastically compressible elements) or expansion (in the case where the elastic elements are constituted by springs traction), this bar being movable axially and one of its ends is in contact with the end support of the sorter roll "upstream" of the sorting table.

Selon une autre disposition caractéristique, les moyens d'actionnement permettant le déplacement des supports d'extrémité mobiles des rouleaux comprennent une deuxième barre de poussée ou de traction, mobile axialement et dont une extrémité est en contact avec le support d'extrémité du rouleau « aval » de la table de tri.According to another characteristic arrangement, the actuating means for moving the movable end supports of the rollers comprise a second axially movable push or pull bar and one end of which is in contact with the end support of the roll. downstream "of the sorting table.

Selon un mode d'exécution, chaque barre de compression ou d'expansion est constituée par une crémaillère et les barres homologues de chaque couple de barres de poussée ou de traction sont reliées par au moins un arbre permettant d'assurer leur déplacement synchronisé.According to one embodiment, each compression bar or expansion bar is constituted by a rack and the bars homologous to each pair of push bars or traction rods are connected by at least one shaft to ensure their synchronized movement.

Selon un mode de réalisation, les déplacements des couples de barres de compression ou d'expansion homologues sont assurés par des pignons solidaires des arbres de synchronisation disposés transversalement au dessous de la table de tri.According to one embodiment, the displacements of the pairs of compression or expansion bars homologous are provided by integral pinions synchronization shafts arranged transversely below the sorting table.

Selon un mode de mise en oeuvre, les barres de synchronisation sont munies, à l'une de leurs extrémités, d'un pignon engrenant avec un secteur denté solidaire d'un levier de commande basculant actionnable manuellement et muni d'un dispositif permettant de l'immobiliser dans la position souhaitable.According to one embodiment, the synchronization bars are provided, at one of their ends, with a pinion meshing with a toothed sector secured to a manually operated tilting control lever and provided with a device enabling immobilize it in the desirable position.

Selon un autre mode de mise en oeuvre, les extrémités d'entraînement des arbres de synchronisation sont accouplées à un moteur assurant la rotation de ces derniers.According to another embodiment, the drive ends of the synchronization shafts are coupled to a motor ensuring the rotation of the latter.

L'invention concerne également les machines de récolte de petits fruits et en particulier les machines à vendanger comportant au moins une table de tri présentant les dispositions caractéristiques susmentionnées.The invention also relates to berry harvesting machines and in particular harvesting machines comprising at least one sorting table having the above-mentioned characteristic arrangements.

Selon un mode d'exécution préféré appliqué aux machines de récolte de petits fruits, un dispositif égreneur est disposé au dessus des rouleaux ameneurs de la table de tri présentant les dispositions caractéristiques susmentionnées.According to a preferred embodiment applied to berry harvesting machines, a ginning device is disposed above the feeding rollers of the sorting table having the aforementioned characteristic features.

Selon un autre mode d'exécution préféré appliqué aux machines comportant au moins une benne de réception de la récolte, la table de tri est disposée au dessus de l'ouverture supérieure de la ou desdites bennes, ce mode de réalisation étant encore remarquable par un agencement suivant lequel les moyens de compression des éléments élastiques permettent de rapprocher les rouleaux trieurs dans une position laissant un libre accès à la benne.According to another preferred embodiment applied to the machines comprising at least one harvest receiving body, the sorting table is disposed above the upper opening of the one or more bins, this embodiment being still remarkable by a arrangement according to which the compression means of the elastic elements can bring the sorter rollers in a position leaving free access to the bucket.

L'invention concerne également les machines de récolte de petits fruits, comportant une table de tri à rouleaux trieurs présentant les dispositions caractéristiques susmentionnées et un récipient collecteur au dessus d'une ouverture supérieure duquel est disposée ladite table de tri, remarquable en ce que cette dernière comporte encore des moyens permettant de neutraliser partiellement la fonction de tri de la table de tri et de conserver sa fonction de convoyage, lesdits moyens permettant le déplacement de l'ensemble des rouleaux de la table de tri en direction de l'amont, de sorte à ménager, en aval, une ouverture d'accès direct de la vendange transportée au récipient collecteur en permettant uniquement la chute des grappes et des graines dans la cuve et l'éjection, hors de celle-ci, des bois (sarments) mêlés à la vendange transportée, ladite ouverture d'accès étant délimitée par l'un des bords supérieurs du récipient collecteur.The invention also relates to berry harvesting machines, comprising a sorter sorting sorting table having the aforementioned characteristic arrangements and a collecting container above an upper opening of which said sorting table is arranged, remarkable in that this the last still comprises means for partially neutralizing the sorting function of the sorting table and to maintain its conveying function, said means allowing the displacement of all the rollers of the sorting table towards the upstream direction, so as to provide, downstream, a direct access opening of the harvested harvest to the collecting container by allowing only the falling of the bunches and seeds into the vat and the ejection, out of it, of the woods (vines) mixed together at the transported vintage, said access opening being delimited by one of the upper edges of the collecting container.

L'invention vise encore un procédé de modification et de réglage de l'écartement des rouleaux trieurs d'une table de tri selon la revendication 20 comprenant une pluralité de rouleaux trieurs ou calibreurs tournants dans le même sens, soutenus par des supports d'extrémité et disposés parallèlement les uns à la suite des autres de sorte à former un plan de tri, lesdits rouleaux rotatifs étant conformés ou disposés de manière à ménager au moins une ouverture, ou une pluralité d'ouvertures entre deux rouleaux voisins, de sorte à permettre le passage et la chute des produits à trier ou à calibrer seulement, les corps étrangers ou les produits de taille supérieure à celle de ces derniers restant à la surface du plan de tri et étant évacués à l'extrémité aval de celui-ci, les rouleaux trieurs ou calibreurs étant montés avec un écartement réglable, les supports d'extrémité des rouleaux trieurs étant installés avec une aptitude de translation limitée sur au moins une coulisse latérale ou, de manière préférée, sur deux coulisses latérales orientées perpendiculairement à l'axe desdits rouleaux, et en ce que l'on interpose des éléments élastiques entre lesdits supports d'extrémité des rouleaux trieurs ou calibreurs, ce procédé étant applicable aux machines de récolte dans lesquelles la table de tri est disposée au dessus d'un récipient collecteur des produits triés, ce procédé étant remarquable en ce qu'on neutralise complètement ou partiellement la fonction de tri de ladite table de tri tout en lui conservant sa fonction de convoyage en déplaçant l'ensemble des rouleaux de la table de tri en direction de l'amont et en ménageant un espace compris entre l'extrémité aval de la table de tri et l'un des côté de la cuve, permettant de créer une ouverture d'accès direct des produits non triés ou calibrés à ladite cuve réceptrice, de sorte à permettre la chute des grappes et des graines dans la cuve et l'éjection, hors de ladite cuve, des bois (sarments) mêlés à la vendange transportée.The invention also relates to a method for modifying and adjusting the spacing of the sorting rollers of a sorting table according to claim 20 comprising a plurality of sorting rollers or calibrators rotating in the same direction, supported by end supports and arranged parallel to each other so as to form a sorting plane, said rotary rollers being shaped or arranged so as to provide at least one opening, or a plurality of openings between two adjacent rollers, so as to allow the passage and the fall of the products to be sorted or calibrated only, the foreign bodies or products of larger size than those of the latter remaining on the surface of the sorting plan and being evacuated at the downstream end thereof, the sorters or calibrators being mounted with adjustable spacing, the end supports of the sorter rollers being installed with a limited translational capability r at least one lateral slide or, preferably, two lateral slides oriented perpendicularly to the axis of said rollers, and in that elastic elements are interposed between said end supports of the sorters or calibrators, this method being applicable to harvesting machines in which the sorting table is disposed above a collecting container of the sorted products, this method being remarkable in that it completely or partially neutralizes the sorting function of said sorting table while retaining its conveying function by moving all the rollers of the sorting table upstream and providing space between the downstream end of the sorting table and one side of the tank, to create a direct access opening unsorted or calibrated products to said receiving tank, so as to allow the fall of the bunches and seeds in the tank and the ejection, out of said tank, of the woods (branches) mixed with the harvested vintage.

Le procédé et le dispositif selon l'invention procurent plusieurs avantages intéressants, notamment :

  • permettre la neutralisation de la fonction de tri ou de calibrage, tout en conservant la fonction de convoyage des produits de la récolte ;
  • offrir une sécurité contre le risque d'endommagement qui pourrait résulter de la présence, dans la récolte, d'un corps dur venant se coincer entre deux rouleaux adjacents,
  • le montage amovible des rouleaux sur les supports d'extrémité et le montage amovible des éléments élastiques et des entretoises sur les coulisses latérales, autorisent une modularité des différents éléments composant la table de tri.
The method and the device according to the invention provide several advantageous advantages, in particular:
  • allow the neutralization of the sorting or sizing function, while maintaining the function of conveying the products of the harvest;
  • provide security against the risk of damage that could result from the presence, in the harvest, of a hard body being wedged between two adjacent rollers,
  • the removable mounting of the rollers on the end supports and the removable mounting of the elastic elements and spacers on the lateral slides, allow a modularity of the various elements making up the sorting table.

Les buts, caractéristiques et avantages ci-dessus, et d'autres encore, ressortiront mieux de la description détaillée qui suit et des dessins annexés dans lesquels :

  • La figure 1 est une vue en perspective illustrant un exemple d'installation équipée d'une table de tri à rouleaux trieurs selon l'invention.
  • La figure 2 est une vue de dessus d'un exemple avantageux de la table de tri selon l'invention représentée dans une position d'écartement maximum des rouleaux trieurs.
  • La figure 3 est une vue en coupe selon la ligne 3-3 de la figure 2, la table de tri étant disposée au dessus d'une cuve de réception et illustrée en situation de fonctionnement.
  • La figure 4 est une vue analogue à la figure 2 et montrant les rouleaux trieurs en position de rapprochement maximum.
  • La figure 5 est une vue analogue à la figure 3, illustrant la table de tri en coupe selon la ligne 5-5 de la figure 4.
  • La figure 6 est une vue de dessous de la table de tri illustrant plus spécialement les moyens assurant le déplacement des rouleaux sur les coulisses latérales, les rouleaux étant représentés dans une position d'écartement maximum.
  • La figure 7 est une vue de coté considérée selon la flèche A de la figure 6 et représentant un système de commande manuel des moyens de déplacement des rouleaux sur les coulisses latérales.
  • La figure 8 est une vue de dessous analogue à la figure 6 montrant les rouleaux trieurs dans une position de rapprochement maximum.
  • La figure 9 est une vue analogue à la figure 7 et représentant la position du dispositif de commande manuel dans la situation illustrée à la figure 8.
  • La figure 10 est une vue de dessous illustrant un autre mode d'actionnement des moyens de déplacement des rouleaux sur les coulisses latérales.
  • La figure 11 est une vue de détail et en coupe illustrant l'accouplement amovible des extrémités d'un couple de rouleaux trieurs avec, d'une part, un renvoi d'angle, et, d'autre part, un boitier support de palier.
  • La figure 12 est une vue en perspective illustrant un exemple de réalisation simplifié d'une table de tri uniquement constituée par une succession de rouleaux trieurs.
  • La figure 13 est une vue en perspective d'un autre mode d'exécution de la table de tri suivant lequel les rouleaux sont soutenus par l'intermédiaire de l'une de leurs extrémités seulement.
  • La figure 14 est une vue en plan selon laquelle l'ensemble des rouleaux constituant la table de tri est déplacé en direction de l'amont.
  • La figure 15 est une vue en coupe selon la ligne 15-15 de la figure 14 montrant la table de tri dans la position illustrée par la figure 14 et disposée au dessus de l'ouverture supérieure d'une cuve, permettant de ménager une ouverture d'accès direct à ladite cuve.
  • La figure 16 est une vue de dessous de la figure 14.
  • La figure 17 est une vue de coté de la table de tri dans un fonctionnement analogue à la figure 15 et représenté selon la flèche A de la figure 16.
  • Les figures 18 et 19 sont des vues, respectivement de dessus et en coupe, illustrant l'écartement automatique de deux rouleaux trieurs voisins lors du coincement d'un corps dur mêlé à la récolte.
The above and other objects, features and advantages will become more apparent from the following detailed description and accompanying drawings in which:
  • The figure 1 is a perspective view illustrating an example of an installation equipped with a sorter sorting sorting table according to the invention.
  • The figure 2 is a top view of an advantageous example of the sorting table according to the invention shown in a position of maximum separation of the sorter rollers.
  • The figure 3 is a sectional view along line 3-3 of the figure 2 , the sorting table being disposed above a receiving tank and illustrated in operating situation.
  • The figure 4 is a view similar to the figure 2 and showing the sorter rollers in the closest approach position.
  • The figure 5 is a view similar to the figure 3 , illustrating the sorting table in section along line 5-5 of the figure 4 .
  • The figure 6 is a view from below of the sorting table more specifically illustrating the means for moving the rollers on the lateral slides, the rollers being shown in a position of maximum spacing.
  • The figure 7 is a side view considered according to the arrow A of the figure 6 and showing a manual control system of the roller moving means on the lateral slides.
  • The figure 8 is a bottom view similar to the figure 6 showing the sorter rollers in a maximum approach position.
  • The figure 9 is a view similar to the figure 7 and representing the position of the manual control device in the situation illustrated in figure 8 .
  • The figure 10 is a view from below illustrating another mode of actuation means for moving the rollers on the lateral slides.
  • The figure 11 is a detail view in section illustrating the removable coupling of the ends of a pair of sorter rollers with, on the one hand, a bevel gear, and, on the other hand, a bearing support housing.
  • The figure 12 is a perspective view illustrating a simplified embodiment of a sorting table consisting solely of a succession of sorting rollers.
  • The figure 13 is a perspective view of another embodiment of the sorting table according to which the rollers are supported via one of their ends only.
  • The figure 14 is a plan view according to which all the rollers constituting the sorting table is moved towards the upstream.
  • The figure 15 is a sectional view along the line 15-15 of the figure 14 showing the sorting table in the position illustrated by the figure 14 and disposed above the upper opening of a tank, for providing a direct access opening to said tank.
  • The figure 16 is a view from below of the figure 14 .
  • The figure 17 is a side view of the sorting table in an operation similar to the figure 15 and represented according to the arrow A of the figure 16 .
  • The Figures 18 and 19 are views, respectively from above and in section, illustrating the automatic spacing of two neighboring sorters rollers during the jamming of a hard body mixed with the crop.

On se réfère auxdits dessins pour décrire des exemples intéressants mais nullement limitatifs, de réalisation de la table de tri à rouleaux trieurs à écartement modifiable et réglable selon l'invention.Referring to said drawings to describe interesting but not limiting examples, embodiment of the sorting roller sorting table with modifiable and adjustable spacing according to the invention.

On se réfère plus spécialement, à titre d'exemple, à une table de tri du genre de celle décrite dans le document EP-2.030.498 . La table de tri selon la présente invention pouvant tout aussi bien s'appliquer à des tables de calibrage à rouleaux rotatifs entre lesquels est ménagée une unique ouverture ou fente parallèle à l'axe desdits rouleaux rotatifs, par exemple du genre de celles décrites dans les documents US-7.117.996 et US-5.279.427 .More particularly, by way of example, reference is made to a sorting table of the kind described in the document EP-2030498 . The sorting table according to the present invention can equally well be applied to rotary roller calibration tables, between which is formed a single opening or slot parallel to the axis of said rotary rollers, for example of the type described in US Pat. Documents US 7117996 and US 5279427 .

Dans le présent exposé et dans les revendications, le mot « supérieure », est utilisé en référence au positionnement fonctionnel des éléments constitutifs de la table de tri revendiquée.In the present specification and in the claims, the word "superior" is used with reference to the functional positioning of the constituent elements of the claimed sorting table.

Les expressions « partie amont », « extrémité aval », « rouleau amont » et « rouleau aval » sont choisies en rapport avec le sens de déplacement du produit traité.The terms "upstream portion", "downstream end", "upstream roll" and "downstream roll" are chosen in relation to the direction of movement of the treated product.

Dans la description et dans les revendications, l'expression « coulisse d'entraînement » désigne la coulisse qui communique le mouvement moteur aux rouleaux rotatifs et l'expression « coulisse de guidage » désigne la coulisse opposée.In the description and in the claims, the term "drive slide" refers to the slide that communicates the motor movement to the rotating rollers and the expression "guide slide" refers to the opposite slide.

Selon le mode de réalisation illustré, la table de tri est constituée par une succession de rouleaux trieurs et calibreurs rotatifs adjacents de forme générale cylindrique 1 soutenus par l'intermédiaire de l'une au moins de leurs extrémités 1 a (figure 13) par des supports d'extrémité 3 et disposés parallèlement, de sorte à former un plan de tri comportant une partie amont 5 et une extrémité aval 6. Toutefois, de manière plus particulièrement visée, les rouleaux trieurs ou calibreurs 1 sont soutenus, par l'intermédiaire de chacune de leurs extrémités 1 a, 1b, directement ou indirectement, par des supports d'extrémité 3 et 4, et ce mode de réalisation très avantageux est décrit et illustré en détail dans la suite du présent exposé et dans les dessins annexés.According to the illustrated embodiment, the sorting table is constituted by a succession of adjacent rotary rollers and calibrators of generally cylindrical shape 1 supported by at least one of their ends 1a ( figure 13 ) by end supports 3 and arranged in parallel, so as to form a sorting plane comprising an upstream portion 5 and a downstream end 6. However, more particularly targeted, the sorters or calibrators 1 are supported, by intermediate of each of their ends 1a, 1b, directly or indirectly, by end supports 3 and 4, and this very advantageous embodiment is described and illustrated in detail hereinafter and in the accompanying drawings .

Les rouleaux trieurs 1 sont entraînés en rotation dans le même sens par des moyens décrits ci-après, de sorte à permettre un déplacement, de la vendange déversée sur la partie amont 5 de ce plan de tri, dans un sens perpendiculaire à l'axe desdits rouleaux rotatifs 1, en direction de l'extrémité aval 6 dudit plan de tri.The sorting rollers 1 are rotated in the same direction by means described hereinafter, so as to allow a displacement, of the vintage poured on the upstream part 5 of this sorting plane, in a direction perpendicular to the axis said rotary rollers 1, towards the downstream end 6 of said sorting plane.

Les rouleaux trieurs 1 sont agencés et disposés de manière à ménager au moins une ouverture ou fente de calibrage (non illustré) ou, de préférence, une pluralité d'ouvertures 7, entre deux rouleaux voisins, de sorte à permettre le passage et la chute des petits fruits ou autres produits à trier ou à calibrer, dans un récipient collecteur C disposé au dessous de la table de tri, les corps étrangers ou les produits de taille supérieure à celle des petits fruits restant à la surface du plan de tri mobile et étant évacués à l'extrémité aval 6 de celui-ci.The sorting rollers 1 are arranged and arranged to provide at least one opening or calibration slot (not shown) or, preferably, a plurality of openings 7, between two adjacent rollers, so as to allow the passage and the fall berry or other products to be sorted or graded, in a collecting container C placed beneath the sorting table, foreign bodies or products of a size larger than that of the berries remaining on the surface of the mobile sorting plan and being evacuated at the downstream end 6 thereof.

Chaque rouleau trieur 1 peut être réalisé de la manière indiquée dans le document EP-2.030.498 ; ils sont, dans ce cas, constitués par une succession de reliefs circulaires 8 séparés par des gorges circulaires 9. En outre, les reliefs circulaires 8 de chaque rouleau trieur 1 sont légèrement décalés par rapport aux reliefs circulaires 8 du ou des rouleaux trieurs 1 voisins et leurs bords sont engagés dans les gorges 9 du ou desdits rouleaux voisins de sorte à permettre la formation des ouvertures de tri ou de calibrage 7 de forme ronde ou approximativement ronde et dimensionnées pour permettre le passage des petits fruits à trier ou à calibrer seulement.Each sorting roll 1 can be made in the manner indicated in the document EP-2030498 ; they are, in this case, constituted by a succession of circular reliefs 8 separated by circular grooves 9. In addition, the circular reliefs 8 of each sorting roll 1 are slightly offset with respect to the circular reliefs 8 or the neighboring sorting rollers 1 and their edges are engaged in the grooves 9 of said adjacent roll or rolls so as to allow the formation of sorting or sizing openings 7 of round or approximately round shape and dimensioned to allow the passage of berries to be sorted or calibrated only.

On souligne toutefois que les rouleaux trieurs 1 pourraient avoir une autre conformation, de sorte à ménager une unique ouverture ou fente entre deux rouleaux voisins pour le calibrage de certains produits.It is emphasized, however, that the sorter rolls 1 could have another conformation, so as to provide a single opening or slot between two adjacent rollers for the calibration of certain products.

Les extrémités opposées 1a, 1 b, des rouleaux trieurs 1 sont supportées, directement ou indirectement, par des supports d'extrémité 3, 4 montés avec une aptitude de translation d'amplitude limitée perpendiculairement à l'axe de rotation desdits rouleaux et des éléments élastiques 10 sont interposés entre lesdits supports d'extrémité 3, 4.The opposite ends 1a, 1b, of the sorter rolls 1 are supported, directly or indirectly, by end supports 3, 4 mounted with limited amplitude translation ability perpendicular to the axis of rotation of said rollers and elements. elastic members 10 are interposed between said end supports 3, 4.

De préférence, ces éléments élastiques 10 sont constitués par des ressorts hélicoïdaux agissant en compression. On comprend qu'en exerçant une action de rapprochement entre les supports d'extrémité 3, 4 des rouleaux trieurs 1 à partir d'une position d'écartement maximum de ceux-ci correspondant à une dimension maximum des ouvertures 7, on comprime de manière égale l'ensemble des ressorts 10. On obtient de la sorte, un rapprochement de l'ensemble des rouleaux 1 et une diminution de la taille des ouvertures de passage 7.Preferably, these elastic elements 10 are constituted by helical springs acting in compression. It is understood that by exerting a closing action between the end supports 3, 4 of the sorter rollers 1 from a maximum spacing position thereof corresponding to a maximum dimension of the openings 7, it compresses in a manner equal to all the springs 10. In this way, a combination of all the rollers 1 and a decrease in the size of the passage openings 7 are obtained.

Le dispositif peut fonctionner de la manière suivante, à partir d'une position de repos suivant laquelle les rouleaux sont en position d'écartement maximum.The device can operate as follows, from a rest position in which the rollers are in the maximum spacing position.

Selon le mode d'exécution illustré, pour obtenir le rapprochement des rouleaux trieurs 1 et la diminution de la taille des ouvertures 7 de ceux-ci, on immobilise le rouleau extrême aval et on déplace le rouleau extrême amont, en direction de l'aval, de sorte à le rapprocher du rouleau extrême aval.According to the illustrated embodiment, to bring the sorting rollers 1 closer together and to reduce the size of the openings 7 thereof, the extreme roll is immobilized. downstream and the upstream end roller is moved downstream so as to bring it closer to the downstream end roller.

Alternativement, les supports d'extrémité 3, 4 des rouleaux trieurs 1 pourraient être reliés entre eux par l'intermédiaire de ressorts hélicoïdaux agissant en traction non représentés, par tout moyen de liaison démontable. Dans ce cas, on conçoit que tout effort d'écartement des supports d'extrémité 3, 4 à partir d'une position de rapprochement maximum correspondant à une dimension minimum des ouvertures 7 entraîne une extension égale de l'ensemble des ressorts de traction. On obtient de la sorte, un écartement de l'ensemble des rouleaux 1 et une augmentation de la taille des ouvertures de passage 7.Alternatively, the end supports 3, 4 of the sorting rollers 1 could be interconnected by means of helical coil springs not shown by any removable connection means. In this case, it is conceivable that any effort to distance the end supports 3, 4 from a maximum approach position corresponding to a minimum dimension of the openings 7 causes an equal extension of the set of traction springs. In this way, a separation of the set of rollers 1 and an increase in the size of the passage openings 7 are obtained.

Le dispositif peut fonctionner de la manière suivante, à partir d'une position de repos suivant laquelle les rouleaux sont en position de rapprochement maximum.The device can operate as follows, from a rest position in which the rollers are in the maximum approach position.

Selon le mode d'exécution illustré, pour obtenir l'éloignement des rouleaux trieurs 1 et l'augmentation de la taille des ouvertures 7 de ceux-ci, on immobilise le rouleau extrême aval et on déplace le rouleau extrême amont, en direction de l'amont de sorte à l'éloigner du rouleau extrême aval.According to the illustrated embodiment, to obtain the removal of the sorter rollers 1 and the increase in the size of the openings 7 thereof, the downstream end roll is immobilized and the upstream end roll is moved in the direction of the upstream so as to move it away from the downstream end roll.

Selon un troisième mode de réalisation possible (non représenté), des éléments élastiques constitués dans un matériau compressible peuvent être interposés entre les supports d'extrémité 3, 4 des rouleaux trieurs 1. Dans ce cas, ces éléments déformables élastiquement se comportent comme des ressorts agissant en compression.According to a third possible embodiment (not shown), elastic elements made of a compressible material can be interposed between the end supports 3, 4 of the sorting rollers 1. In this case, these elastically deformable elements behave like springs. acting in compression.

Les éléments élastiques 10 (ressort de compression, ou ressorts de traction, ou éléments déformables élastiquement) ayant tous des raideurs identiques, ou sensiblement identiques, leurs actions naturelles d'expansion ou de compression tendant à les ramener dans une position d'équilibre sont identiques, ou approximativement identiques, de sorte que l'entraxe « e » de deux rouleaux trieurs 1 voisins reste toujours identique, ou approximativement identique, sur toute la longueur de la succession de rouleaux trieurs 1, quelle que soit la dimension de cet entraxe « e ».The elastic elements 10 (compression spring, or tension springs, or elastically deformable elements) all having identical stiffnesses, or substantially identical, their natural actions of expansion or compression tending to bring them back to an equilibrium position are identical , or approximately the same, so that the spacing "e" of two neighboring sorting rollers 1 always remains the same, or approximately the same, over the entire length of the succession of sorting rollers 1, regardless of the dimension of this spacing "e ".

Les supports d'extrémité 3, 4 et les éléments élastiques 10 qui les séparent sont montés avec une aptitude de déplacement limitée sur des coulisses latérales 11, 12 orientées perpendiculairement à l'axe des rouleaux trieurs 1.The end supports 3, 4 and the elastic elements 10 separating them are mounted with a limited ability to move on lateral slides 11, 12 oriented perpendicular to the axis of the sorting rollers 1.

Les supports d'extrémités 3, 4 et les éléments élastiques 10 qui les séparent sont montés coaxialement, avec une aptitude de déplacement limité, sur des coulisses latérales 11, 12 orientées perpendiculairement à l'axe des rouleaux trieurs 1.The end supports 3, 4 and the elastic elements 10 separating them are mounted coaxially, with a limited ability to move, on lateral slides 11, 12 oriented perpendicularly to the axis of the sorting rollers 1.

Il est observé que selon un autre mode de réalisation possible, les éléments élastiques 10 interposés entre les supports d'extrémités mobiles 3 et 4 pourraient être disposés à proximité des coulisses 11 et 12.It is observed that according to another possible embodiment, the elastic elements 10 interposed between the movable end supports 3 and 4 could be arranged near the slides 11 and 12.

Pour chaque rouleau trieur calibreur 1, ces supports d'extrémités sont constitués, d'une part, par un boitier de transmission 3, et d'autre part, par un module de verrouillage 4.For each calibrating sorter roll 1, these end supports are constituted, on the one hand, by a transmission box 3, and on the other hand, by a locking module 4.

La table de tri selon l'invention pourrait être constituée uniquement d'une pluralité de rouleaux trieurs ou calibreurs 1. Cependant, de manière préférée et avantageuse, la table de tri comporte également des rouleaux ameneurs 2 disposés en amont des rouleaux trieurs ou calibreurs 1 et ayant pour fonction d'orienter les déchets de forme allongée perpendiculairement à l'axe de rotation desdits rouleaux pour les acheminer, dans cette position, jusqu'à l'ensemble des rouleaux trieurs ou calibreur 1, tout en permettant l'évacuation des petits débris ou déchets. Lesdits rouleaux trieurs ou calibreurs 1 ont la fonction de séparer les baies des corps étrangers devant être éliminés, ou de séparer les baies de petite taille des baies de taille supérieure non désirées. Un exemple d'exécution de tels rouleaux ameneurs est décrit dans le document EP-2.030.498 .The sorting table according to the invention could consist solely of a plurality of sorters or calibrators 1. However, preferably and advantageously, the sorting table also comprises feed rollers 2 arranged upstream of the sorters or calibrators rollers 1 and having the function of orienting the waste of elongate shape perpendicularly to the axis of rotation of said rollers to convey them, in this position, to all of the sorters or calibrator 1, while allowing the evacuation of small debris or waste. Said sorting or sizing rollers 1 have the function of separating the berries from foreign bodies to be eliminated, or of separating the small berries from the undesired larger berries. An example of execution of such feeder rollers is described in the document EP-2030498 .

Selon ce mode d'exécution, les rouleaux ameneurs rotatifs 2 constituant la partie amont 5 du plan de tri comportent une succession de reliefs circulaires 13 séparés par des gorges circulaires 14 et sont positionnés de sorte que les reliefs circulaires 13 de ces rouleaux soient imbriqués dans les gorges circulaires 14 du ou des rouleaux voisins. Un interstice ou jeu « i » en forme de chicane de largeur réduite étant ménagé entre les parties qui s'interpénètrent des rouleaux voisins 2 ; cet interstice « i » présentant, par exemple, une largeur de l'ordre de 2 à 3 mm, de façon à laisser passer uniquement les débris ou déchets de très petite taille (pépins, petits débris minéraux ou végétaux, etc....).According to this embodiment, the rotary feeding rollers 2 constituting the upstream portion 5 of the sorting plane comprise a succession of circular reliefs 13 separated by circular grooves 14 and are positioned so that the circular reliefs 13 of these rollers are embedded in the circular grooves 14 of the neighboring roller or rollers. A gap or gap "i" shaped baffle reduced width being formed between the parts that interpenetrate neighboring rollers 2; this gap "i" having, for example, a width of the order of 2 to 3 mm, so as to let only debris or waste of very small size (seeds, small mineral or vegetable debris, etc .... ).

Les rouleaux ameneurs 2 sont maintenus en écartement invariable, par exemple au moyen d'entretoises rigides 15 interposées entre les supports d'extrémité 3, 4 de chaque couple de rouleaux ameneurs voisins 2.The feeding rollers 2 are maintained in an invariable spacing, for example by means of rigid spacers 15 interposed between the end supports 3, 4 of each pair of adjacent feed rollers 2.

Selon une importante disposition caractéristique de l'invention, les moyens d'entraînement en rotation, dans le même sens, des rouleaux 1, 2 comprennent l'une (11) des coulisses latérales 11, 12.According to an important characteristic arrangement of the invention, the means for rotating, in the same direction, the rollers 1, 2 comprise one (11) of the lateral slides 11, 12.

Selon un mode d'exécution préféré, cette coulisse, dite coulisse d'entraînement 11, présente une section permettant son accouplement en rotation avec l'organe d'entrée d'un boitier de transmission 3. Par exemple, les moyens d'entrainement en rotation peuvent comprendre des renvois d'angle 16 intégrés dans les supports d'extrémité mobiles 3, ces renvois d'angle étant accouplés, de manière amovible, à l'une des extrémités, ou extrémité d'entraînement desdits rouleaux 1, 2.According to a preferred embodiment, this slide, called the drive slide 11, has a section allowing its coupling in rotation with the input member of a transmission box 3. For example, the drive means rotation may comprise angle gears 16 integrated in the movable end supports 3, these angular references being detachably coupled to one end or drive end of said rollers 1, 2.

La coulisse d'entrainement peut comporter à cet effet une section polygonale, de préférence hexagonale, ou ovoïde.The drive slide may comprise for this purpose a polygonal section, preferably hexagonal, or ovoid.

L'entrainement à partir de la coulisse 11 peut être obtenu par d'autres moyens connus de l'homme de l'art tels que section cannelée, clavetage, section avec méplat, ...The drive from the slide 11 can be obtained by other means known to those skilled in the art such as fluted section, keying, flat section, ...

La coulisse 11 est entraînée en rotation par tout moteur d'entraînement 17 approprié (moto-réducteur électrique, hydraulique, pneumatique, thermique, ...) accouplé, par exemple au moyen d'un engrenage 17a, à l'une des extrémités de ladite coulisse 11.The slide 11 is rotated by any suitable drive motor 17 (electric geared motor, hydraulic, pneumatic, thermal, ...) coupled, for example by means of a gear 17a, at one end of said slide 11.

La coulisse de guidage 12 peut présenter une section circulaire.The guide slide 12 may have a circular section.

Les rouleaux ameneurs 2 et les rouleaux trieurs 1 sont montés de manière amovible et interchangeable dans les supports d'extrémité 3, 4. Un exemple de réalisation du montage amovible des rouleaux 1 et 2 est illustré à la figure 11. L'exemple de montage amovible des rouleaux est représenté sur cette figure en référence aux rouleaux trieurs 1 seulement, étant observé qu'il peut être identique pour les rouleaux ameneurs 2.The feeding rollers 2 and the sorting rollers 1 are removably and interchangeably mounted in the end supports 3, 4. An embodiment of the removable assembly of the rollers 1 and 2 is illustrated in FIG. figure 11 . The example of removable mounting of the rollers is shown in this figure with reference to the sorting rollers 1 only, being observed that it may be identical for the feed rollers 2.

Selon cet exemple, du coté de la coulisse d'entraînement 11, chaque renvoi d'angle 16 comporte une couronne interne 18 ayant un trou central de forme polygonale, par exemple hexagonale, de sorte à être traversé par la coulisse 11 et à pouvoir être entraînée en rotation par cette dernière. Chaque couronne 18 de chaque renvoi d'angle 16 est conformée de sorte à engrener avec un organe 19 dont l'axe est perpendiculaire, ou approximativement perpendiculaire à celui de la coulisse 11. Par exemple, la couronne 18 peut présenter une roue périphérique 18a de forme conique, entraînant en rotation un pignon 19a situé à l'extrémité proximale de l'organe 19, également de forme conique, de sorte que l'axe du mouvement de rotation de sortie, c'est-à-dire l'axe de rotation de l'organe 19, soit orthogonal à l'axe du mouvement de rotation d'entrée, c'est-à-dire l'axe de rotation de la couronne 18 qui est identique à celui de la coulisse 11.According to this example, on the side of the drive slide 11, each bevel gear 16 comprises an inner ring 18 having a central hole of polygonal shape, for example hexagonal, so as to be traversed by the slide 11 and to be able to be rotated by the latter. Each ring 18 of each bevel gear 16 is shaped so as to mesh with a member 19 whose axis is perpendicular, or approximately perpendicular to that of the slide 11. For example, the ring 18 may have a peripheral wheel 18a of conical shape, rotating a pinion 19a located at the proximal end of the member 19, also of conical shape, so that the axis of the output rotational movement, that is to say the axis of rotation of the member 19, orthogonal to the axis of the input rotational movement, that is to say the axis of rotation of the ring 18 which is identical to that of the slide 11.

L'extrémité distale 19b de l'organe 19 est engagée, de manière démontable, dans un alésage 20 que présente l'extrémité d'entraînement 1 a, 2a des barreaux des rouleaux 1, 2. Cet accouplement de l'organe 19 et du barreau des rouleaux 1, 2, est tel qu'il permet la transmission du mouvement de rotation dudit organe audit barreau.The distal end 19b of the member 19 is disengageably engaged in a bore 20 that has the drive end 1a, 2a of the bars of the rollers 1, 2. This coupling of the member 19 and the rod of the rollers 1, 2, is such that it allows the transmission of the rotational movement of said member to said bar.

L'extrémité opposée 1 b, 2b des rouleaux 1, 2 est soutenue, de manière amovible, par des supports d'extrémité 4, 4' par exemple constitués par des boitiers support de palier. Les boitiers supports sont eux-mêmes montés sur la coulisse latérale opposée, ou coulisse de guidage 12, avec une aptitude de déplacement limité.The opposite end 1b, 2b of the rollers 1, 2 is supported, removably, by end supports 4, 4 'for example constituted by bearing support boxes. The Support boxes are themselves mounted on the opposite lateral slide, or guide slide 12, with limited moving ability.

Du coté de la coulisse de guidage 12, l'accouplement de l'extrémité 1b ou 2b des rouleaux peut être réalisée par l'intermédiaire d'une pluralité d'axes rétractables supportés par les supports d'extrémité 4, 4' et engagés dans un alésage que présente ladite extrémité des barreaux des rouleaux 1, 2. Ces axes rétractables 21 sont soumis à l'action d'un moyen élastique tendant à les repousser en position d'accouplement. Ce moyen élastique est, par exemple, constitué par un ressort hélicoïdal 23 agissant en compression, disposé autour de l'axe 21 et calé, entre une rondelle 24 fixée sur la portion interne dudit axe et le côté 25 de la structure porteuse.On the side of the guide slide 12, the coupling of the end 1b or 2b of the rollers can be achieved by means of a plurality of retractable axes supported by the end supports 4, 4 'and engaged in a bore that has said end of the bars of the rollers 1, 2. These retractable axes 21 are subjected to the action of an elastic means tending to push them into the coupling position. This elastic means is, for example, constituted by a helical spring 23 acting in compression, arranged around the axis 21 and wedged between a washer 24 fixed on the inner portion of said axis and the side 25 of the carrier structure.

Dans le cas où les rouleaux trieurs 1 et les rouleaux ameneurs 2, s'il en existe, sont soutenus par des supports d'extrémité 3, 3' par l'intermédiaire de leur extrémité d'entraînement 1 a ou 2a seulement, la table de tri comporte une seule coulisse d'entraînement en rotation 11 sur laquelle sont montés lesdits supports d'extrémité 3, 3' intégrant les renvois d'angle 16, 16'. Un tel agencement simplifié est notamment envisagé pour des machines de tri ou de calibrage dont les rouleaux présentent une longueur réduite, par exemple de l'ordre de 60 cm, alors que les tables de tri dont les rouleaux sont soutenus par leurs deux extrémités, peuvent comporter des rouleaux trieurs 1 et ameneurs 2 d'une longueur beaucoup plus importante, par exemple de l'ordre de 1 m 60.In the case where the sorter rollers 1 and the feed rollers 2, if any, are supported by end supports 3, 3 'via their driving end 1a or 2a only, the table sorting comprises a single rotational drive slide 11 on which are mounted said end supports 3, 3 'incorporating the angle of return 16, 16'. Such a simplified arrangement is particularly envisaged for sorting or sizing machines whose rollers have a reduced length, for example of the order of 60 cm, whereas the sorting tables whose rollers are supported by their two ends, can include sorter rollers 1 and feeders 2 of a much longer length, for example of the order of 1 m 60.

La table de tri selon l'invention comprend encore des moyens permettant de modifier l'écartement des rouleaux trieurs ou calibreurs 1 et, par conséquent, la section de l'ouverture ou des ouvertures de passage 7 des produits, en fonction de la taille de ces derniers, de sorte que lesdits rouleaux trieurs 1 sont susceptibles d'occuper une position d'écartement maximale dans laquelle l'ouverture ou les ouvertures ont une section de passage maximale (figures 2, 3, 6 et 7), et une position de rapprochement maximale suivant laquelle l'ouverture ou les ouvertures ont une section de passage minimale (figures 4, 5, 8 et 9).The sorting table according to the invention also comprises means making it possible to modify the spacing of the sorting or sizing rollers 1 and, consequently, the section of the opening or openings 7 for the products, depending on the size of the these, so that said sorting rollers 1 are likely to occupy a position of maximum spacing in which the opening or the openings have a maximum passage section ( Figures 2, 3 , 6 and 7 ), and a maximum approach position in which the opening or apertures have a minimum cross section ( Figures 4, 5 , 8 and 9 ).

Grâce à l'agencement décrit ci-dessus, lorsque la vendange est déversée, après égrappage, sur la partie amont 5 du plan de tri, elle est d'abord convoyée en direction de la partie aval de celui-ci, par les rouleaux ameneurs 2. Lors de cette première phase : - les petits corps étrangers P (pépins, débris végétaux et minéraux,...) et le jus passent à travers les interstices « i » et tombent dans un bac ajouré (non illustré) disposé au-dessous desdits rouleaux et permettant la récupération du jus ; - les débris de forme allongée PT (pétioles, brindilles, morceaux de sarments,....) sont orientés perpendiculairement à l'axe des rouleaux 1 et 2 dès leur entrée en contact avec les rouleaux ameneurs 2 et convoyés dans cette position avec la vendange ainsi débarrassée de ses petits corps étrangers, en direction des rouleaux trieurs 1. Lors de cette deuxième phase, les baies de raisin B passent à travers les ouvertures 7 ménagées entre les rouleaux trieurs 1 et sont récupérées dans une benne C (si la table de tri est embarquée sur une machine à vendanger) ou dans une cuve installée à poste fixe, ou encore dans une pompe à vendange (si la table de tri est installée à poste fixe) placée sous les rouleaux trieurs 1. Les corps étrangers CE tels que les feuilles, morceaux de sarments ou de rafles, etc, « flottent » sur les rouleaux trieurs 1 et sont convoyés jusqu'à l'extrémité aval 6 de la table de tri où ils sont éjectés de cette dernière.Thanks to the arrangement described above, when the harvest is discharged, after destemming, on the upstream part 5 of the sorting plan, it is first conveyed towards the downstream part thereof, by the feeding rollers 2. In this first phase: - the small foreign bodies P (seeds, vegetable and mineral debris, ...) and the juice pass through the interstices "i" and fall into a perforated tray (not shown) arranged below said rollers and allowing recovery of the juice; the elongated debris PT (petioles, twigs, pieces of branches, etc.) are oriented perpendicularly to the axis of the rollers 1 and 2 as soon as they come into contact with the feeding rollers 2 and conveyed in this position with the harvest thus cleared of its small foreign bodies, towards the sorting rollers 1. During this second phase, the grape berries B pass through the openings 7 made between the sorting rollers 1 and are recovered in a bucket C ( if the sorting table is loaded on a harvesting machine) or in a tank installed at a fixed station, or in a harvest pump (if the sorting table is installed in a fixed position) placed under the sorting rollers 1. The bodies EC strangers such as leaves, pieces of shoots or stalks, etc., "float" on the sorter rollers 1 and are conveyed to the downstream end 6 of the sorting table where they are ejected from the latter.

Les rouleaux ameneurs 2 et les rouleaux trieurs 1 sont montés de manière amovible et interchangeable sur l'ossature porteuse de la table de tri.Feed rollers 2 and sorting rollers 1 are removably and interchangeably mounted on the load-bearing framework of the sorting table.

La table de tri comprend encore des moyens d'actionnement permettant le rapprochement ou l'éloignement des supports d'extrémité 3, 4 et, par conséquent, le rapprochement ou l'éloignement des rouleaux trieurs 1 supportés par ces derniers.The sorting table further comprises actuating means for bringing the end supports 3, 4 closer together or away from each other and, consequently, bringing the sorting rollers 1 supported by them closer together or away from each other.

Selon un premier mode de mise en oeuvre, ces moyens d'actionnement applicables aux tables de tri utilisant des éléments élastiques 10 constitués par des ressorts hélicoïdaux de compression ou des éléments réalisés en matériau compressible élastiquement, sont agencés de façon à permettre la compression des éléments élastiques 10 interposés entre les supports d'extrémité 3, 4 des rouleaux trieurs 1 et le rapprochement desdits rouleaux, à partir d'une position d'écartement maximum.According to a first embodiment, these actuating means applicable to the sorting tables using elastic elements constituted by compression coil springs or elements made of elastically compressible material, are arranged in such a way as to allow the compression of the elements. resilient strips 10 interposed between the end supports 3, 4 of the sorting rollers 1 and bringing said rolls closer together from a maximum spacing position.

Selon un autre mode d'exécution, ces moyens d'actionnement applicables aux tables de tri utilisant des éléments élastiques 10 constitués par des ressorts hélicoïdaux de traction, sont agencés de façon à permettre l'expansion des éléments élastiques 10 interposés entre les supports d'extrémité 3, 4 des rouleaux trieurs 2 et l'écartement desdits rouleaux, à partir d'une position d'espacement minimum.According to another embodiment, these actuating means applicable to the sorting tables using elastic elements constituted by tensile coil springs, are arranged so as to allow the expansion of the elastic elements interposed between the support supports. end 3, 4 of the sorter rollers 2 and the spacing of said rollers, from a minimum spacing position.

La table de tri comporte des moyens permettant de synchroniser le déplacement des supports d'extrémité 3, 4, et par conséquent, des rouleaux 1 eux-mêmes, sur les coulisses 11, 12.The sorting table comprises means for synchronizing the movement of the end supports 3, 4, and consequently the rollers 1 themselves, on the slides 11, 12.

Selon un mode de réalisation, les moyens d'actionnement comprennent, sur au moins l'un des cotés (selon le mode d'exécution de la figure 13), ou de préférence sur chaque coté de la table de tri, une barre 27 de compression ou d'expansion mobile axialement et dont une extrémité est pliée à 90° est en contact avec le support d'extrémité 3, 3' ou 4, 4' du rouleau « amont » de la table de tri.According to one embodiment, the actuating means comprise, on at least one of the sides (according to the embodiment of the figure 13 ), or preferably on each side of the sorting table, an axially movable compression or expansion bar 27 and one end of which is bent at 90 ° is in contact with the end support 3, 3 'or 4, 4 'of the roll "upstream" of the sorting table.

Selon une autre disposition caractéristique, les moyens d'actionnement permettant le déplacement des supports d'extrémité mobiles des rouleaux 1, 2 comprennent une deuxième barre 28 de poussée ou de traction, mobile axialement et dont une extrémité est pliée à 90° est en contact avec le support d'extrémité 3, 3' ou 4, 4' du rouleau « aval » de la table de tri.According to another characteristic arrangement, the actuating means for moving the movable end supports of the rollers 1, 2 comprise a second axially movable pushing or pulling bar 28, one end of which is bent at 90 °, in contact with each other. with the end support 3, 3 'or 4, 4' of the "downstream" roll of the sorting table.

Selon un autre mode de réalisation, les moyens d'actionnement pourraient être constitués par des vérins à double effet, en contact avec les supports d'extrémité 3, 3', 4, 4' extrêmes supportant respectivement le rouleau constituant l'extrémité amont de la table de tri et le rouleau constituant l'extrémité aval de la table de tri.According to another embodiment, the actuating means could be constituted by double-acting cylinders, in contact with the end supports 3, 3 ', 4, 4' extreme respectively supporting the roll constituting the upstream end of the sorting table and the roll constituting the downstream end of the sorting table.

Selon un mode de réalisation avantageux, lesdites barres homologues de chaque couple de barres 27a - 27b, 28a - 28b de poussée ou de traction sont reliées par au moins un arbre 29, 30 rotatif permettant d'assurer leur déplacement synchronisé.According to an advantageous embodiment, said homologous bars of each pair of bars 27a-27b, 28a-28b of thrust or traction are connected by at least one rotary shaft 29, 30 to ensure their synchronized movement.

Chaque barre de compression ou d'expansion des couples de barres homologues 27a - 27b, 28a - 28b est constituée par une crémaillère en prise avec un pignon, respectivement 29a, 29b, 30a, 30b, solidaire en rotation de l'arbre de synchronisation 29, 30 disposé transversalement au-dessous de la table de tri.Each bar of compression or expansion of pairs of homologous bars 27a-27b, 28a-28b is constituted by a rack engaged with a pinion, respectively 29a, 29b, 30a, 30b, integral in rotation with the synchronization shaft 29 Disposed transversely below the sorting table.

Grace à l'agencement décrit ci-dessus, il est possible de neutraliser la fonction de tri de la table de tri tout en conservant la fonction de convoyage, comme on l'explique dans la suite du présent exposé.Thanks to the arrangement described above, it is possible to neutralize the sorting function of the sorting table while maintaining the conveying function, as explained in the remainder of this presentation.

Selon un mode d'exécution, les barres de synchronisation 29, 30 sont munies, à l'une de leurs extrémités, d'un pignon 29c, 30c engrenant avec un secteur denté 31 a, 32a solidaire d'un levier de commande basculant 31, 32 actionnable manuellement.According to one embodiment, the synchronization bars 29, 30 are provided, at one of their ends, with a pinion 29c, 30c meshing with a toothed sector 31a, 32a integral with a tilting control lever 31 , 32 manually operable.

Les leviers de commande 31, 32 sont avantageusement muni d'un dispositif (par exemple un dispositif à cliquet) permettant de les immobiliser dans la position souhaitable afin de maintenir l'écartement « e » désiré entre les rouleaux trieurs 1, en fonction de la grosseur des baies ou autres produits à trier ou à calibrer.The control levers 31, 32 are advantageously provided with a device (for example a ratchet device) making it possible to immobilize them in the desirable position so as to maintain the desired gap "e" between the sorting rolls 1, as a function of the berry size or other products to be sorted or sized.

Selon un autre mode d'exécution, les extrémités d'entraînement des arbres de synchronisation sont accouplées à un moteur 33, 34 (voir figure 10), assurant la rotation desdits arbres de synchronisation.According to another embodiment, the drive ends of the synchronization shafts are coupled to a motor 33, 34 (see FIG. figure 10 ), rotating said synchronizing shafts.

L'invention couvre également les machines de récolte de petits fruits et, plus particulièrement, les machines à vendanger comportant une table de tri à rouleaux trieurs présentant les caractéristiques précédemment décrites.The invention also covers berry harvesting machines and, more particularly, harvesting machines comprising a sorter sorting sorting table having the characteristics described above.

Ces machines peuvent comporter un dispositif égreneur G disposé au dessus des rouleaux ameneurs 2 de ladite table de tri, elle-même disposée au dessus de l'ouverture supérieure de récipients collecteurs C de réception de la récolte, ces récipients étant habituellement constitués par des bennes installées en partie haute des machines.These machines may comprise a ginning device G disposed above the feeding rollers 2 of said sorting table, itself disposed above the upper opening of collecting containers C for receiving the crop, these containers usually being constituted by bins. installed at the top of the machines.

Selon le mode de mise en oeuvre représenté, les moyens de compression 27a, 27b, 28a, 28b des éléments élastiques 10 permettent de rapprocher les rouleaux trieurs 1 dans une position laissant un libre accès au récipient collecteur C dont est munie la machine selon l'invention, de sorte à permettre le déversement direct dans ladite benne, de baies de raisin B mêlées à des feuilles et à des rafles, lorsque la nature des cépages et les procédés de vinification rendent souhaitable la non séparation de celles-ci. Dans ce cas, seuls les gros déchets se trouvent éjectés en passant au dessus de l'ouverture d'accès direct à la benne du fait de l'énergie cinétique communiquée par la rotation des rouleaux trieurs 1.According to the embodiment shown, the compression means 27a, 27b, 28a, 28b of the elastic elements 10 make it possible to bring the sorting rollers 1 closer together in a position allowing free access to the collecting container C which the machine is equipped with according to the invention. invention, so as to allow the direct discharge into said bucket, grape berries B mixed with leaves and stalks, when the nature of the grape varieties and winemaking processes make it desirable the non-separation thereof. In this case, only the large waste is ejected by passing over the opening direct access to the bucket because of the kinetic energy imparted by the rotation of the sorter rollers 1.

L'invention couvre encore les installations de tri à poste fixe, en particulier en cave, du genre comportant une table de tri à rouleaux trieurs présentant les caractéristiques précédemment décrites, et une cuve de réception C au dessus d'une ouverture de laquelle est disposée ladite table de tri.The invention also covers stationary sorting installations, in particular in the cellar, of the type comprising a sorter sorting sorting table having the characteristics described above, and a receiving vessel C over an opening of which is arranged said sorting table.

L'invention concerne également un procédé de modification et de réglage de l'écartement des rouleaux trieurs 1 d'une table de tri comprenant une pluralité de rouleaux trieurs ou calibreurs 1 tournant dans le même sens, soutenus par des supports d'extrémité 3, 4 et disposés parallèlement les uns à la suite des autres, de sorte à former un plan de tri. Les rouleaux trieurs rotatifs 1 sont conformés ou disposés de manière à ménager au moins une ouverture, ou une pluralité d'ouvertures 7 entre les rouleaux voisins de chaque couple de rouleaux, de sorte à permettre le passage et la chute des produits à trier ou à calibrer seulement, les corps étrangers CE ou les produits de taille supérieure à celle de ces derniers restant à la surface du plan de tri mobile et étant évacués à l'extrémité aval de celui-ci, les rouleaux trieurs ou calibreurs 1 étant montés avec un écartement réglable. Les supports d'extrémité 3, 4 des rouleaux trieurs 1 sont montés avec une aptitude de translation limitée, sur deux coulisses latérales parallèles 11, 12, orientées perpendiculairement à l'axe desdits rouleaux dont les variations d'écartement « e » sont obtenues en interposant des éléments élastiques 10 entre lesdits supports d'extrémité 3, 4 et par la compression ou l'expansion de ces éléments élastiques 10 également montés avec une aptitude de déplacement axial sur lesdites coulisses latérales 11, 12.The invention also relates to a method for modifying and adjusting the spacing of the sorting rollers 1 of a sorting table comprising a plurality of sorting rollers or calibrators 1 rotating in the same direction, supported by end supports 3, 4 and arranged parallel to each other, so as to form a sorting plan. The rotary sorters 1 are shaped or arranged so as to provide at least one opening, or a plurality of openings 7, between the adjacent rollers of each pair of rollers, so as to allow the passage and the fall of the products to be sorted or calibrate only, the EC foreign bodies or the products of larger size than the latter remaining on the surface of the mobile sorting plan and being discharged at the downstream end thereof, the sorters or calibrators rollers 1 being mounted with a adjustable spacing. The end supports 3, 4 of the sorting rolls 1 are mounted with a limited translational ability, on two parallel lateral slides 11, 12, oriented perpendicular to the axis of said rollers whose spacing variations "e" are obtained in interposing elastic members 10 between said end supports 3, 4 and compressing or expanding said resilient members 10 also mounted with axial displacement ability on said side slides 11, 12.

Ce procédé permet ainsi le rapprochement ou l'éloignement des supports d'extrémité 3, 4 et des rouleaux trieurs 1 supportés par ces derniers, suivant la nature des éléments élastiques 10 à l'encontre de l'action antagoniste exercée par lesdits éléments élastiques, de sorte à diminuer ou à augmenter la section des ouvertures 7 de passage des produits triés ou calibrés en fonction de la grosseur des baies à trier, l'éloignement ou le rapprochement des supports d'extrémité 3, 4 et des rouleaux trieurs 1 étant assuré par l'action d'expansion ou de compression desdits éléments élastiques 10.This method thus enables the end supports 3, 4 and the sorter rollers 1 supported by the latter to move closer or further apart, depending on the nature of the elements. elastic elements 10 against the counteracting action exerted by said elastic elements, so as to reduce or increase the section of the openings 7 for passage of products sorted or sized according to the size of the berries to be sorted, the distance or the bringing together of the end supports 3, 4 and the sorting rolls 1 being ensured by the expansion or compression action of said elastic elements 10.

Ce procédé est plus particulièrement applicable aux machines de récolte dans lesquelles la table de tri est disposée au-dessus d'un récipient collecteur des produits triés ; il est remarquable en ce qu'on neutralise la fonction de tri tout en conservant la fonction de convoyage de ladite table de tri, en déplaçant l'ensemble des rouleaux 1, 2 de cette dernière en direction de l'amont et en ménageant un espace E compris entre l'extrémité aval 6 de la table de tri et l'un des côtés de la cuve. Le procédé permet ainsi de créer une ouverture d'accès direct des produits non triés ou calibrés à ladite cuve réceptrice C, de sorte à entraîner la chute des grappes et des graines dans la cuve et l'éjection, hors de ladite cuve C, des bois (sarments S) mêlés à la vendange transportée.This method is more particularly applicable to harvesting machines in which the sorting table is disposed above a collection container of the sorted products; it is remarkable in that the sorting function is neutralized while maintaining the conveying function of said sorting table, by moving all the rollers 1, 2 of the latter towards the upstream and by providing a space E between the downstream end 6 of the sorting table and one of the sides of the tank. The method thus makes it possible to create a direct access opening of unsorted or calibrated products to said receiving tank C, so as to cause the clusters and seeds to fall into the tank and to eject, out of said tank C, wood (S-branches) mixed with the harvested vintage.

Les figures 14, 15, 16 et 17 illustrent un exemple de mise en oeuvre de ce procédé, appliqué à une table de tri dont les éléments élastiques 10 sont constitués par des ressorts hélicoïdaux agissant en compression ou des éléments compressibles élastiquement.The Figures 14, 15 , 16 and 17 illustrate an example of implementation of this method, applied to a sorting table whose elastic elements 10 are constituted by helical springs acting in compression or elastically compressible elements.

Afin d'obtenir la position de la table de tri illustrée aux figures 14, 15, 16 et 17 permettant de ménager l'ouverture E d'accès direct des produits de la récolte à la benne C, on procède de la manière suivante :

  • dans un premier temps, si les rouleaux trieurs 1 ne sont pas déjà dans une telle position, on actionne la commande 31 de sorte à placer les rouleaux trieurs 1 dans une position d'écartement maximum correspondant à une section maximale des ouvertures 7 ;
  • après avoir réalisé cette première étape, ou alors si les rouleaux trieurs sont déjà disposés dans une position d'écartement maximum, on actionne la commande 32, entraînant les barres de compression 28a, 28b en contact avec le rouleau aval, afin de déplacer l'ensemble des supports d'extrémité 3, 4, et par conséquent, l'ensemble des rouleaux trieurs 1, en direction de l'amont, dans une position de rapprochement maximal, correspondant une section minimale des ouvertures 7.
In order to obtain the position of the sorting table illustrated in Figures 14, 15 , 16 and 17 making it possible to arrange the opening E of direct access of the products of the harvest to the bucket C, one proceeds as follows:
  • in a first step, if the sorting rolls 1 are not already in such a position, the control 31 is actuated so as to place the sorting rollers 1 in a position of maximum spacing corresponding to a maximum section of the openings 7;
  • after performing this first step, or if the sorter rollers are already arranged in a position of maximum spacing, the control 32 is actuated, causing the compression bars 28a, 28b in contact with the downstream roll, to move the together end supports 3, 4, and therefore, all of the sorter rollers 1, upstream, in a position of maximum approximation, corresponding to a minimum section of the openings 7.

Dans le cas où les éléments élastiques 10 seraient constitués par des ressorts hélicoïdaux agissant en traction, le procédé de mise en oeuvre serait sensiblement identique.In the case where the elastic elements 10 are constituted by helical springs acting in tension, the implementation method would be substantially identical.

Les figures 18 et 19 montrent un corps D relativement volumineux présentant une dureté telle qu'elle serait capable de provoquer une déformation des rouleaux 1 si ces derniers étaient montés sans possibilité d'effacement.The Figures 18 and 19 show a relatively large body D with a hardness such that it would be able to cause a deformation of the rollers 1 if they were mounted without the possibility of erasure.

Ainsi, grâce aux dispositions caractéristiques de la table de tri selon l'invention précédemment décrites, si un corps dur D se trouvant parmi les produits de la récolte vient à s'introduire entre deux rouleaux trieurs 1 adjacents de la table de tri, ces derniers étant reliés par lesdits éléments élastiques 10 vont pouvoir s'écarter sous l'action dudit corps dur D, afin que celui-ci puisse traverser la table de tri. Lorsque les rouleaux 1 son libérés de cette action d'écartement imposé par la présence du corps dur D, les rouleaux trieurs vont retrouver automatiquement leur position initiale sous l'effet de l'action antagoniste des éléments élastiques 10.Thus, thanks to the characteristic arrangements of the sorting table according to the invention described above, if a hard body D found among the products of the crop comes to be introduced between two adjacent sorting rollers 1 of the sorting table, the latter being connected by said elastic members 10 will be able to deviate under the action of said hard body D, so that it can pass through the sorting table. When the rollers 1 are released from this spreading action imposed by the presence of the hard body D, the sorting rollers will automatically return to their initial position under the effect of the opposing action of the elastic elements 10.

Claims (21)

  1. Sorting table with sorting rollers comprising a plurality of sorting or calibrating rollers (1) supported by end supports (3, 4), said sorting rollers being arranged in a parallel sequence in such a way as to form a sorting plane, meansenabling said rollers (1) to be driven rotationally in the same direction, said rotary rollers being shaped or arranged to provide at least one opening, or a plurality of openings (7) between two adjacent rollers, so as to allow the products to be sorted or calibrated to pass or to fall through, only foreign bodies (FB) or products larger than those to be sorted remaining on the surface of the movable sorting plane and being discharged at the downstream end (6) thereof, and means for changing the spacing of the rollers, the end supports (3, 4) of the sorting rollers (1) being mounted with a limited translation ability on at least one lateral slide (11) oriented perpendicularly to the axis of said rollers, with spring elements (10) being interposed between said end supports (3, 4) and the actuating means allowing the distance between said end supports and the rollers supported by the latter to be increased or decreased, against the opposing action exerted by said spring elements (10), so as to reduce or increase the cross section of the openings (7) for the passage of the sorted or calibrated products, said spring elements (10) further assuring, by their action of expansionor of compression, the displacements in the opposite direction of said end supports (3, 4) of the sorting rollers (1), characterised in that said lateral slide (11) constitutes the drive means for rotating the rollers (1, 2).
  2. Sorting table according to claim 1, characterised in that the sorting rollers (1) are supported via their opposite ends (1a, 1b) by end supports (3, 4) mounted with a limited capacity for movement, firstly, on the lateraldriveslide (11) and, secondly, on a second lateral guide slide (12) oriented perpendicularly to the axis of said rollers, spring elements (10) being interposed between said end supports (3, 4) and the means for decreasing or increasing the distance between the end supports and the sorting rollers supported by the latter.
  3. Sorting table according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterised in that it comprises feeder rollers (2) arranged upstream of the sorting rollers (1) and supported by end supports (3', 4') mounted with a limited movement ability on the slide (11) or on each slide (11, 12), said end supports being maintainedat an invariable distance.
  4. Sorting table according to any one of claims 1 to 3,characterised in that the driving slide (11) has a section allowing it to be coupled in rotation with the input member of an angle transmission (16) integrated in the movable end supports (3) of the rollers (1, 2), said angle transmission being detachably coupledto the drive end (1a, 2a) of said rollers (1, 2).
  5. Sorting table according to any one of claims 1 to 4,characterised in that the spring elements (10) are mounted coaxially around the drive slide (11).
  6. Sorting table according to any one of claims 2 to 5,characterised in that the spring elements (10) are mounted coaxially around the drive slide (11) and the guide slide (12).
  7. Sorting table according to any one of claims 1 to 6,characterised in that the drive slide has a polygonal or ovoidal section.
  8. Sorting table according to claim 7, characterised in that the drive slide (11) has a hexagonal section.
  9. Sorting table according to any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising actuating means acting in synchronism and allowing the compression or expansion of the spring elements (10) interposed between the end supports (3, 4) of the sorting rollers (1), characterised in that said actuating means comprise, on each side of the sorting table, a compression member (27a, 27b), (if the elastic members are constituted by compression springs or elastically compressible elements) or expansion (if the elastic members are constituted by draw springs), said bar being movable axially and one of its ends being in contact with the end support of the "upstream" sorting roller of the sorting table.
  10. Sorting table according to claim 9, characterised in that the actuating means for moving the movable end supports of the rollers comprise a second pushing or drawing bar (28a, 28b), axially movable and with one end in contact with the end support of the "downstream"sorting roller of the sorting table.
  11. Sorting table according to claim 10, characterised in that each compression or expansion bar (27a, 27b, 28a, 28b) is constituted by a rack and the homologous bars of each pair (27a - 27b, 28a - 28b)of pushing or drawing bars are linked by at least one shaft (29, 30) allowing them to move synchronously.
  12. Sorting table according to claim 11,characterised in that the movements of the pairs (27a - 27b, 28a - 28b) of homologous compression or expansion bars are provided by pinion gears(29a, 29b, 30a, 30b) integral with the synchronisation shafts (29, 30) arranged transversely below the sorting table.
  13. Sorting table according to any one of claims 11 or 12,characterised in that the synchronisation shafts (29, 30) are equipped, at one of their ends, with a pinion gear (29c,30c) engaging with a toothed sector (31 a, 32a) integral with a tilting control lever (31, 32) and equipped with a device (31 b, 32b) allowing it to be immobilised in the position desired.
  14. Sorting table according to any one of claims 11 to 13,characterised in that the driving ends of the synchronisation shafts (29, 30) are coupled to a motor (33, 34) for rotating said shafts.
  15. Machine for harvesting small fruits, in particular grape-harvesting machine, characterised in that it comprises at least one sorting table with sorting rollers produced according to any one of claims 1 to 14.
  16. Machine for harvesting small fruits, in particular grape-harvesting machine, according to claim 15, characterised in that a seed-removing device (G) is arranged above the feeder rollers (2) of the sorting table according to any one of claims 1 to 14.
  17. Machine for harvesting small fruits, in particular grape-harvesting machine, according to one of claims 15 or 16, comprising at least one bin (C) for receiving the harvest, characterised in that a sorting table with sorting rollers is disposed above the upper opening of said one or more bins, and by an arrangement according to which the means for compression of the spring elements (10) are used to bring the sorting rollers (1) together into a position allowing free access to the bin.
  18. Machine for harvesting small fruits according to any one of claims 15 to 17, comprising a collection bin (C), the sorting tablebeing arranged over an upper opening of said bin,characterised in that it comprises means to partially neutralise the sorting function of said sorting table, and retain its conveying function, said means enabling all the rollers of the sorting table to be moved in the upstream direction so as to provide, downstream, an opening (E) giving direct access to the grapes transported to the bin (C) allowing only clusters and seeds to fall into the bin and the discharge therefrom of the stems (vine shoots S) mixed in with the transported grapes, said access opening (E) being delimited by one of the upper edges of the bin.
  19. Stationary sorting or calibration installation, in particular in a cellar,characterised in that it comprises at least one sorting table with sorting rollers realised according to any one of claims 1 to 18.
  20. A method for modifying and adjusting the distance (e) between the sorting rollers of the sorting table comprising a plurality of sorting or calibrating rollers (1) rotating in the same direction, supported by end supports (3, 4) and arranged in a parallel sequence so as to form a sorting plane, said rotary rollers being shaped or arranged so as to provide at least one opening, or a plurality of openings (7) between two adjacent rollers, so as to allow the products to be sorted or calibrated to pass or to fall through, with foreign bodies (FB) or products larger than those to be sorted remaining on the surface of the movable sorting plane and being discharged at the downstream end (6) thereof, the sorting rollers or calibrators (1) being mounted at an adjustable distance (e), the end supports (3, 4) of the sorting rollers (1) being mounted with a limited translation ability on at least one lateral slide (11) or on two lateral slides (11, 12) oriented perpendicularly to the axis of said rollers, and spring elements (10) being interposed between said end supports (3, 4) of the sorting or calibrating rollers (1), characterised in that one (11) of these lateral slides is used to drive the rotation of the sorting or calibrating rollers.
  21. Method according to claim 20, characterised in that the sorting function of the sorting table is completely or partially neutralised, said sorting table being arranged over a collecting bin (C), while retaining its function of conveying by moving the roller assembly (1, 2) of the sorting table in the upstream direction and by arranging a space (E) between the downstream (6) end of the sorting table and one of the sides of the tank, allowing an opening (E) to be created for direct access of the unsorted or uncalibrated products to the collecting bin (C), so as to allow the clusters and seeds to fall into the tank and the discharge, out of said tank, of the stems (vine shoots S) mixed in with the transported grapes.
EP11358011.2A 2010-11-26 2011-11-03 Sorting table with sorting rollers with adjustable openings; machines and facilities using the same. Active EP2457671B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1004600A FR2967926B1 (en) 2010-11-26 2010-11-26 ROLLER SORTING SHEET WITH ADJUSTABLE AND ADJUSTABLE SPACING; MACHINERY AND INSTALLATIONS BY APPLYING.

Publications (3)

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EP2457671A2 EP2457671A2 (en) 2012-05-30
EP2457671A3 EP2457671A3 (en) 2012-07-25
EP2457671B1 true EP2457671B1 (en) 2014-03-26

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US (1) US8763815B2 (en)
EP (1) EP2457671B1 (en)
AU (1) AU2011253614B2 (en)
ES (1) ES2466373T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2967926B1 (en)
NZ (1) NZ596577A (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU2011253614A1 (en) 2012-06-14
US8763815B2 (en) 2014-07-01
NZ596577A (en) 2013-03-28
FR2967926B1 (en) 2014-09-12
FR2967926A1 (en) 2012-06-01
EP2457671A3 (en) 2012-07-25
ES2466373T3 (en) 2014-06-10
US20120131894A1 (en) 2012-05-31
AU2011253614B2 (en) 2014-05-08
EP2457671A2 (en) 2012-05-30

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