EP2450860B1 - Fire detection in rail vehicles - Google Patents

Fire detection in rail vehicles Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2450860B1
EP2450860B1 EP12153748.4A EP12153748A EP2450860B1 EP 2450860 B1 EP2450860 B1 EP 2450860B1 EP 12153748 A EP12153748 A EP 12153748A EP 2450860 B1 EP2450860 B1 EP 2450860B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
area
suctioning
branches
suction pipe
control signal
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EP12153748.4A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2450860A1 (en
EP2450860B9 (en
Inventor
Dirk Sprakel
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Fogtec Brandschutz GmbH and Co KG
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Fogtec Brandschutz GmbH and Co KG
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
    • G08B17/10—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B29/00—Checking or monitoring of signalling or alarm systems; Prevention or correction of operating errors, e.g. preventing unauthorised operation
    • G08B29/16—Security signalling or alarm systems, e.g. redundant systems
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B29/00—Checking or monitoring of signalling or alarm systems; Prevention or correction of operating errors, e.g. preventing unauthorised operation
    • G08B29/18—Prevention or correction of operating errors
    • G08B29/183—Single detectors using dual technologies
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C3/00—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
    • A62C3/07—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places in vehicles, e.g. in road vehicles
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
    • G08B17/10—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means
    • G08B17/11—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means using an ionisation chamber for detecting smoke or gas
    • G08B17/113—Constructional details

Definitions

  • the subject matter relates to a method as well as a device for fire detection in rail vehicles. Especially in passenger cars, the most reliable fire detection should be provided.
  • smoke detectors are electrically connected to each other in the cars. If a smoke detector strikes, an alarm signal is generated, whereupon a firefighting system is activated.
  • a fire-fighting system may be, for example, a high-pressure water mist system.
  • EP 1 419 804 A1 is a fire fighting device for rail vehicles known in the indoor air in one Wagon is sucked in and checked with the help of the sucked air in the room, whether a fire is present or not.
  • the JP 2004 008566 Writes a fire detection in an airplane.
  • the object of the object to provide a fire detection, which allows redundant fire monitoring of rail vehicles at the same time efficient use of built-in suction.
  • This object is achieved according to an object by a method for fire detection in rail vehicles according to claim 1.
  • a monitoring parameter may be, for example, the flue gas content, the CO2 content or the flue gas particle number.
  • a monitoring area ensures that in case of failure of a suction in a monitoring area, the respective second suction device is still available for fire detection available.
  • the separate evaluation ensures that in case of a bad evaluation a monitoring parameter by a suction means a corrective is provided, which is provided by the second suction device.
  • a control signal is output which initiates the necessary measures, for example the activation of a fire fighting, the stopping of the train, the initiation of evacuation measures or the switching on of surveillance cameras.
  • the room air is sucked along the monitoring area by means of suction pipes with a plurality of suction openings distributed along its axis.
  • suction pipes with a plurality of suction openings distributed along its axis.
  • Intake pipes with an opening for sucking in the room air can be used in the subject method.
  • a fire can be located.
  • a control signal can be, for example, a pre-alarm, by means of which preparatory measures can be initiated. This provides a false alarm-free monitoring system.
  • an alarm signal is output in at least two suction devices assigned to a same monitoring area.
  • the simultaneous detection of a monitoring parameter limit value in two suction devices of a monitoring area may be necessary for the output of the alarm signal.
  • This measure makes it possible to monitor without false alarms since an alarm signal is triggered only when flue gases are detected, an increased CO2 concentration or an increased number of smoke particles in two self-sufficient suction devices. Tripping due to a Täuschalarms is unlikely, since the alarm signal is generated only when both suction detect the monitoring parameter limit, so both output a first control signal.
  • the alarm signal can, for example, trigger firefighting, stop the train, initiate evacuation measures or switch on surveillance cameras. However, a false trip will be less likely because the alarm signal is only generated when both aspirators detect the monitoring parameter limit.
  • a monitoring in two spatially separated areas of the rail vehicle is possible according to the invention.
  • two intake pipes branch off from a first intake device into one of the two spatially separated regions, and two intake pipes likewise branch off from the second intake device into one of the two spatially separate regions.
  • each suction means an intake pipe in each case an area. If a suction device fails, the second suction device continues to monitor both areas, which leads to redundancy.
  • one suction device evaluates the monitoring parameter from the at least two spatially separated regions. This ensures that if one suction device fails, the other suction device continues to monitor the monitored area, and a fire can be detected.
  • a second control signal (failure signal) is output.
  • the output of a failure signal does not necessarily require an alarm signal, but may require other actions that represent increased alertness.
  • an instruction for video monitoring of the monitoring area associated with the control signal is output. If the first control signal is received, a fire is not necessarily detected.
  • a video surveillance which is activated, for example, by the platoon leader, can be monitored Detect area so that the driver can visually check if there is a fire or not.
  • a video surveillance can be activated, for example, even with a reception of the failure signal, since in this case no redundant monitoring is possible because a suction device has failed.
  • the output of the first control signal must activate an alarm signal.
  • the operation of the suction device be coupled to the operation of the rail vehicle. This can be done, for example, such that the intake device is switched off a predetermined time, for example half an hour, after the end of the operation of the rail vehicle and is switched on again only after resumption of operation.
  • a rail vehicle detection device according to claim 7 is proposed.
  • This comprises two separately operated, each one monitoring area associated with a suction arranged for sucking in room air, wherein the suction are formed such that they evaluate the sucked air separately, and a first control signal upon detection of a limit of Output monitoring parameters in at least one aspirator.
  • a monitoring parameter can be, for example, the flue gas concentration, the CO2 content or the number of smoke particles.
  • intake pipes arranged along the longitudinal axis of the rail vehicle are provided with openings.
  • intake pipes arranged along the longitudinal axis of the rail vehicle are particularly suitable for the detection of the monitoring parameters, since these have a large detection range and can thus monitor elongated objects well.
  • the at least two suction devices are arranged spatially separated from one another.
  • a suction device be arranged in a front vehicle part and a second suction device in a rear vehicle part.
  • the intake pipes are arranged in spatially separate regions.
  • FIG. 1 shows a rail vehicle 2 with an upper floor 4 and a basement 6 separated by a separating ceiling 8. Further, in the rail vehicle 2, a first suction device 10a and a second suction device 10b is provided. Intake pipes 12a and 14a are arranged on the first suction device 10a. Intake pipes 12b and 14b are connected to the second suction device 10b. As can be seen, the intake pipes 12a and 12b extend in the upper floor 4 of the rail vehicle 2. In the schematic illustration, the intake pipe 12a extends in the upper region of the upper floor 4 and the intake pipe 12b in the lower region of the upper floor 4. The intake pipes 12a, 12b can also both spaced from each other in the ceiling or the floor of the rail vehicle 2 may be arranged.
  • the intake pipes 14a, 14b are arranged in the lower floor 6 of the rail vehicle 2.
  • the suction devices 10a, 10b suck in the room air in the upper floor 4 or in the basement 6 and monitor the intake room air, for example the flue gas content or other quality parameters, such as the CO2 content or Smoke particle number.
  • the linear expansion of the intake pipes 12, 14 in the upper floor 4 and the lower floor 6 ensures that the entire area is monitored.
  • the suction devices 10 are monitored by monitoring devices (not shown), and failure of the suction devices 10 itself is detected.
  • the suction devices 10 are connected to each other via a data line 16 and communicate with each other. Via outputs 18, the suction devices 10 can output control signals and alarm signals.
  • an output signal is also generated via one of the outputs 18, which indicates damage to the suction device.
  • one of the suction devices 10 detects an increased flue gas content or an increased CO 2 content or an increased number of smoke particles in the intake room air, then this suction device 10 outputs a first control signal.
  • the signals on the outputs 18 are evaluated. If a first control signal is present, then, for example, a video surveillance 20a, 20b is activated in the region which belongs to the intake pipe, in which an increased flue gas concentration was detected which caused the first control signal.
  • a further control signal is output.
  • the central control computer for example, a fire fighting, for example by means of sprinklers, extinguishing mist or foam. It is also possible that further video surveillance be activated, the train is stopped and / or an evacuation measure is initiated.
  • suction device 10a, 10b are arranged in opposite ends of the rail vehicle 2. Furthermore, it can be seen that one of the suction devices 10 each operates an intake pipe 12, 14 in each of the regions 4, 6. The illustrated arrangement of the suction device 10 and the suction tubes 12, 14 an increased redundancy is ensured.
  • the operation of the suction devices 10 may be coupled to the operation of the rail vehicle 2. In this case, it is possible that the suction devices 10 suck in the room air only during the operating times of the rail vehicle 2, and are deactivated outside their operating times. Also, a follow-up time of, for example, half an hour or one hour can be set so that the room air is sucked and evaluated even half an hour or one hour after switching off the rail vehicle 2.
  • FIG. 2 shows an example of an intake pipe 12. It can be seen that the intake pipe 12 has holes 22.
  • the holes 22 are arranged along the axis of the intake pipe 12 and serve for intake of the room air. Through the holes 22, the room air is sucked along the entire axis of the intake pipe 12. It is also possible to drill the holes along a line to arrange on the pipe jacket. It is also possible to arrange the holes at intervals of 30 - 50 cm.
  • the sucked room air is transported through the intake pipe 12 to the suction device 10. There, the sucked Raunluft is evaluated. Depending on the evaluation result, a control signal can be output.
  • the mean-time-between failure is increased.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Fire-Detection Mechanisms (AREA)
  • Fire Alarms (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Valves And Accessory Devices For Braking Systems (AREA)

Description

Der Gegenstand betrifft ein Verfahren als auch eine Vorrichtung zur Branddetektion in Schienenfahrzeugen. Insbesondere in Passagierwagons soll eine möglichst ausfallsichere Branddetektion zur Verfügung gestellt werden.The subject matter relates to a method as well as a device for fire detection in rail vehicles. Especially in passenger cars, the most reliable fire detection should be provided.

In Schienenfahrzeugen ist eine fehlerarme Rauchgasdetektion von höchstem Interesse. Insbesondere ist die durch die Passagiere eingebrachte Brandlast nicht kontrollierbar, weshalb sich einmal entstandene Brände schnell ausbreiten können und Gegenmaßnahmen sehr schnell ergriffen werden müssen. Beispielsweise muss eine Brandbekämpfungsanlage einen entstandenen Brand sehr schnell bekämpfen können. Kommt es zu übergriffen des Feuers, ist bei einem Ausfall der Brandbekämpfungsanlage in den meisten Fällen mit schweren Schäden zu rechnen, weshalb die Rauchgasdetektion zwingend redundant ausgeführt werden muss.In rail vehicles, low-defect flue gas detection is of the highest interest. In particular, the fire load introduced by the passengers is not controllable, which is why fires that have arisen once can spread quickly and countermeasures must be taken very quickly. For example, a fire-fighting system must be able to combat a fire quickly. If it comes to overreach of the fire, in case of failure of the fire-fighting system in most cases serious damage is expected, which is why the flue gas detection must be performed necessarily redundant.

Bei bekannten Schienenfahrzeugen sind Rauchmelder elektrisch miteinander verbunden in den Wagons angeordnet. Schlägt ein Rauchmelder an, wird ein Alarmsignal erzeugt, woraufhin eine Brandbekämpfungsanlage aktiviert wird. Eine solche Brandbekämpfungsanlage kann beispielsweise eine Hochdruckwassernebelanlage sein. Beispielsweise ist aus der deutschen Offenlegungsschrift DE 10 2007 004 051 eine Brandbekämpfungsanlage für Schienenfahrzeuge bekannt.In known rail vehicles smoke detectors are electrically connected to each other in the cars. If a smoke detector strikes, an alarm signal is generated, whereupon a firefighting system is activated. Such a fire-fighting system may be, for example, a high-pressure water mist system. For example, from the German patent application DE 10 2007 004 051 a firefighting system for rail vehicles known.

Aus der EP 1 419 804 A1 ist eine Brandbekämpfungseinrichtung für Schienenfahrzeuge bekannt, bei der Raumluft in einem Waggon angesaugt wird und mit Hilfe der angesaugten Raumluft überprüft wird, ob ein Brand vorhanden ist oder nicht.From the EP 1 419 804 A1 is a fire fighting device for rail vehicles known in the indoor air in one Wagon is sucked in and checked with the help of the sucked air in the room, whether a fire is present or not.

Aus der US 2005/00930707 A1 ist ein Infrarot-Brandmeldesystem bekannt. Hierbei wird eine Anzahl an Infrarotmeldern eingesetzt, so dass ein Alarmsignal erst bei einem Überschreiten von zwei Grenzwerten ausgegeben wird.From the US 2005/00930707 A1 is an infrared fire alarm system known. Here, a number of infrared detectors is used, so that an alarm signal is issued only when exceeding two limits.

Die JP 2004 008566 bschreibt eine Branddetektion in einem Flugzeug.The JP 2004 008566 Writes a fire detection in an airplane.

Aus der EP 1 811 478 A1 ist eine Branddetektion bekannt, bei der zwei Ansaugrohre für einen gleichen Überwachungsbereich eingesetzt werden. Durch Laufzeituntersuchungen von Rauchgasen ist eine Lokalisierung eines Brandes möglich.From the EP 1 811 478 A1 a fire detection is known in which two intake pipes are used for a same monitoring area. Through runtime investigations of flue gases a localization of a fire is possible.

Bei den bekannten Überwachungssystemen ist jedoch bei Ausfall eines Brandmelders eine Überwachung des dem Brandmelder zugeordneten Überwachungsbereichs nicht mehr gegeben. Allenfalls kann ein Signal ausgegeben werden, dass der Brandmelder nicht mehr funktioniert. Tritt in diesem Moment ein Brand auf, kann dieser bei herkömmlichen Anlagen nicht schnell genug detektiert werden.In the known monitoring systems, however, a monitoring of the fire detector associated monitoring area is no longer given failure of a fire alarm. If necessary, a signal can be output that the fire detector is no longer working. If a fire occurs at this moment, it can not be detected quickly enough in conventional systems.

Aus diesem Grunde lag dem Gegenstand die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Branddetektion zu schaffen, welche eine redundante Brandüberwachung von Schienenfahrzeugen bei gleichzeitig effizienter Nutzung der verbauten Ansaugeinrichtungen ermöglicht.For this reason, the object of the object to provide a fire detection, which allows redundant fire monitoring of rail vehicles at the same time efficient use of built-in suction.

Diese Aufgabe wird gemäß eines Gegenstandes durch ein Verfahren zur Branddetektion in Schienenfahrzeugen nach Anspruch 1 gelöst.This object is achieved according to an object by a method for fire detection in rail vehicles according to claim 1.

Raumluft wird in einem Schienenfahrzeug mittels zumindest zwei getrennt voneinander betriebenen Ansaugeinrichtungen in jeweils einem Überwachungsbereich angesaugt wird. Die angesaugte Raumluft wird in den Ansaugeinrichtungen getrennt voneinander ausgewertet. Bei Detektion eines Überwachungsparametergrenzwertes in zumindest einer Ansaugeinrichtung wird ein erstes Steuersignal ausgegeben. Ein Überwachungsparameter kann beispielsweise der Rauchgasgehalt, der CO2 Gehalt oder die Rauchgaspartikelanzahl sein.Room air is sucked in a rail vehicle by means of at least two separately operated suction in each case a monitoring area. The aspirated room air is evaluated separately in the suction devices. Upon detection of a monitoring parameter limit value in at least one suction device, a first control signal is output. A monitoring parameter may be, for example, the flue gas content, the CO2 content or the flue gas particle number.

Durch das Ansaugen von Raumluft mittels zwei getrennt voneinander betriebenen Ansaugeinrichtungen in jeweils einem Überwachungsbereich wird sichergestellt, dass bei einem Ausfall einer Ansaugeinrichtung in einem Überwachungsbereich die jeweils zweite Ansaugeinrichtung weiterhin zur Branddetektion zur Verfügung steht. Durch das getrennte Auswerten wird sichergestellt, dass bei einer Fehlauswertung eines Überwachungsparameters durch eine Ansaugeinrichtung ein Korrektiv vorhanden ist, welches durch die zweite Ansaugeinrichtung geschaffen ist.By suction of room air by means of two separately operated suction in each case a monitoring area ensures that in case of failure of a suction in a monitoring area, the respective second suction device is still available for fire detection available. The separate evaluation ensures that in case of a bad evaluation a monitoring parameter by a suction means a corrective is provided, which is provided by the second suction device.

Wird ein Grenzwert eines Überwachungsparameters überschritten, wird ein Steuersignal ausgegeben, welches die erforderlichen Maßnahmen, beispielsweise das Aktivieren einer Brandbekämpfung, das Anhalten des Zuges, das Einleiten von Evakuierungsmaßnahmen oder das Anschalten von Überwachungskameras einleitet.If a limit value of a monitoring parameter is exceeded, a control signal is output which initiates the necessary measures, for example the activation of a fire fighting, the stopping of the train, the initiation of evacuation measures or the switching on of surveillance cameras.

Gemäß einem vorteilhaften Ausführungsbeispiel wird vorgeschlagen, dass die Raumluft längs des Überwachungsbereiches mittels Ansaugrohren mit mehreren entlang ihrer Achse verteilten Ansaugöffnungen angesaugt wird. Durch die Anordnung der Ansaugrohre entlang des Überwachungsbereichs, beispielsweise entlang der Achse des Schienenfahrzeugs, kann mit Hilfe eines einzigen Ansaugrohres ein großer Überwachungsbereich abgedeckt werden. Ansaugrohre mit einer Öffnung zum Ansaugen der Raumluft können bei dem gegenständlichen Verfahren zum Einsatz kommen. Durch die Ansaugrohre kann ein Brand lokalisiert werden. Durch die Verlegung von zwei Ansaugeinrichtungen im gleichen Detektionsbereich, respektive zwei Ansaugrohren, kann die Ausfallsicherheit erhöht werden. Fällt eine Ansaugeinrichtung aus, so ist in jedem Fall die jeweils andere Ansaugeinrichtung mit dem Ansaugrohr vorhanden und kann ein Steuersignal ausgeben, wenn ein Überwachungsparametergrenzwert überschritten ist. Ein Steuersignal kann beispielsweise ein Voralarm sein, durch den vorbereitende Maßnahmen eingeleitet werden können. Hierdurch wird ein täuschungsalarmfreies Überwachungssystem bereitgestellt.According to an advantageous embodiment, it is proposed that the room air is sucked along the monitoring area by means of suction pipes with a plurality of suction openings distributed along its axis. By arranging the intake pipes along the surveillance area, for example along the axis of the rail vehicle, a large surveillance area can be covered by means of a single intake pipe. Intake pipes with an opening for sucking in the room air can be used in the subject method. Through the intake pipes, a fire can be located. By laying two suction devices in the same detection area, respectively two intake pipes, the reliability can be increased. If a suction device fails, the respective other suction device with the intake pipe is present in any case and can output a control signal if a monitoring parameter limit value is exceeded. A control signal can be, for example, a pre-alarm, by means of which preparatory measures can be initiated. This provides a false alarm-free monitoring system.

Erfindungsgemäß wird vorgeschlagen, dass bei Detektion eines Überwachungsparametergrenzwertes in zumindest zwei einem gleichen Überwachungsbereich zugeordneten Ansaugeinrichtungen ein Alarmsignal ausgegeben wird. Hierbei kann für die Ausgabe des Alarmsignals die gleichzeitige Detektion eines Überwachungsparametergrenzwertes in zwei Ansaugeinrichtungen eines Überwachungsbereichs notwendig sein. Hierdurch kann sicher auf einen aufgetretenen Brand geschlossen werden. Durch diese Maßnahme wird ein täuschungsalarmfreies Überwachen möglich, da erst bei Detektion von Rauchgasen, einer erhöhten CO2 Konzentration oder einer erhöhten Anzahl an Rauchpartikeln in zwei autarken Ansaugeinrichtungen ein Alarmsignal ausgelöst wird. Eine Auslösung aufgrund eines Täuschalarms wird unwahrscheinlicher, da das Alarmsignal nur dann erzeugt wird, wenn beide Ansaugeinrichtungen den Überwachungsparametergrenzwert detektieren, also beide ein erstes Steuersignal ausgeben. Das Alarmsignal kann beispielsweise eine Brandbekämpfung auslösen, das Anhalten des Zuges, das Einleiten von Evakuierungsmaßnahmen oder das Anschalten von Überwachungskameras bewirken. Eine Fehlauslösung wird jedoch unwahrscheinlicher, da das Alarmsignal nur dann erzeugt wird, wenn beide Ansaugeinrichtungen den Überwachungsparametergrenzwert detektieren.According to the invention, it is proposed that upon detection of a monitoring parameter limit value, an alarm signal is output in at least two suction devices assigned to a same monitoring area. In this case, the simultaneous detection of a monitoring parameter limit value in two suction devices of a monitoring area may be necessary for the output of the alarm signal. As a result, it can be safely concluded that a fire has occurred. This measure makes it possible to monitor without false alarms since an alarm signal is triggered only when flue gases are detected, an increased CO2 concentration or an increased number of smoke particles in two self-sufficient suction devices. Tripping due to a Täuschalarms is unlikely, since the alarm signal is generated only when both suction detect the monitoring parameter limit, so both output a first control signal. The alarm signal can, for example, trigger firefighting, stop the train, initiate evacuation measures or switch on surveillance cameras. However, a false trip will be less likely because the alarm signal is only generated when both aspirators detect the monitoring parameter limit.

Eine Überwachung in zwei räumlich voneinander getrennten Bereichen des Schienenfahrzeugs ist erfindungsgemäß möglich. Hierbei zweigen von einer ersten Ansaugeinrichtung zwei Ansaugrohre jeweils in einen der zwei räumlich voneinander getrennten Bereiche ab und von der zweiten Ansaugeinrichtung zweigen ebenfalls zwei Ansaugrohre jeweils in einen der zwei räumlich voneinander getrennten Bereiche ab. Somit verzweigt jede Ansaugeinrichtung ein Ansaugrohr in jeweils einen Bereich. Fällt eine Ansaugeinrichtung aus, so überwacht die zweite Ansaugeinrichtung weiterhin beide Bereiche, was zu einer Redundanz führt.A monitoring in two spatially separated areas of the rail vehicle is possible according to the invention. In this case, two intake pipes branch off from a first intake device into one of the two spatially separated regions, and two intake pipes likewise branch off from the second intake device into one of the two spatially separate regions. Thus branches each suction means an intake pipe in each case an area. If a suction device fails, the second suction device continues to monitor both areas, which leads to redundancy.

Insbesondere in doppelstöckigen Schienenfahrzeugen, bei denen Obergeschoss und Untergeschoss überwacht werden müssen, lässt sich das gegenständliche Verfahren gut einsetzen.In particular, in double-decker rail vehicles, in which upper floor and basement must be monitored, the subject method can be well used.

Erfindungsgemäß wertet jeweils eine Ansaugeinrichtung den Überwachungsparameter aus den mindest zwei räumlich voneinander getrennten Bereichen aus. Somit ist sichergestellt, dass bei Ausfall einer Ansaugeinrichtung die jeweils andere Ansaugeinrichtung den überwachten Bereich weiterhin überwacht, und ein Brand detektiert werden kann.According to the invention, in each case one suction device evaluates the monitoring parameter from the at least two spatially separated regions. This ensures that if one suction device fails, the other suction device continues to monitor the monitored area, and a fire can be detected.

Um eine erhöhte Sicherheit gegen Täuschungsalarme zu ermöglichen, wird vorgeschlagen, dass bei Ausfall einer Ansaugeinrichtung ein zweites Steuersignal (Ausfallsignal) ausgegeben wird. Die Ausgabe eines Ausfallsignals muss nicht unbedingt ein Alarmsignal bedingen, sondern kann andere Aktionen bedingen, die eine erhöhte Wachsamkeit repräsentieren.In order to allow increased security against false alarms, it is proposed that in case of failure of a suction device, a second control signal (failure signal) is output. The output of a failure signal does not necessarily require an alarm signal, but may require other actions that represent increased alertness.

So ist es beispielsweise nach einem vorteilhaften Ausführungsbeispiel möglich, dass bei Ausgabe des ersten Steuersignals eine Anweisung zur Videoüberwachung des der das Steuersignal bedingenden Ansaugeinrichtung zugeordneten Überwachungsbereiches ausgegeben wird. Wird das erste Steuersignal empfangen, ist noch nicht zwingend ein Brand detektiert. Eine Videoüberwachung, die beispielsweise durch den Zugführer aktiviert wird, kann den zu überwachenden Bereich erfassen, so dass der Zugführer visuell überprüfen kann, ob tatsächlich ein Brand vorliegt oder nicht. Eine Videoüberwachung kann beispielsweise auch bei einem Empfang des Ausfallsignals aktiviert werden, da in diesem Falle keine redundante Überwachung mehr möglich ist, da eine Ansaugeinrichtung ausgefallen ist.Thus, for example, according to an advantageous embodiment, it is possible that when the first control signal is output, an instruction for video monitoring of the monitoring area associated with the control signal is output. If the first control signal is received, a fire is not necessarily detected. A video surveillance, which is activated, for example, by the platoon leader, can be monitored Detect area so that the driver can visually check if there is a fire or not. A video surveillance can be activated, for example, even with a reception of the failure signal, since in this case no redundant monitoring is possible because a suction device has failed.

Insbesondere wenn eine Ansaugeinrichtung ausgefallen ist, somit das Ausfallsignal ausgegeben wurde, ist eine redundante Branddetektion nicht mehr möglich. In diesem Falle muss beim Vorliegen des Ausfallsignals die Ausgabe des ersten Steuersignals gemäß einem vorteilhaften Ausführungsbeispiel ein Alarmsignal aktivieren.In particular, if a suction device has failed, thus the failure signal has been output, a redundant fire detection is no longer possible. In this case, in the presence of the failure signal, the output of the first control signal according to an advantageous embodiment must activate an alarm signal.

Um zu verhindern, dass die Ansaugeinrichtung unnötig Energie verbraucht, wird vorgeschlagen, dass der Betrieb der Ansaugeinrichtung an den Betrieb des Schienenfahrzeugs gekoppelt ist. Dies kann beispielsweise derart geschehen, dass die Ansauganrichtung eine vorbestimmte Zeit, beispielsweise eine halbe Stunde, nach Beendigung des Betriebs des Schienenfahrzeugs abgeschaltet wird und erst nach Wiederaufnahme des Betriebs erneut angeschaltet wird.In order to prevent the suction device from unnecessarily consuming energy, it is proposed that the operation of the suction device be coupled to the operation of the rail vehicle. This can be done, for example, such that the intake device is switched off a predetermined time, for example half an hour, after the end of the operation of the rail vehicle and is switched on again only after resumption of operation.

Gemäß einem weiteren Aspekt wird eine Schienenfahrzeug-Detektionseinrichtung nach Anspruch 7 vorgeschlagen.According to a further aspect, a rail vehicle detection device according to claim 7 is proposed.

Dies umfasst zwei getrennt voneinander betriebene, jeweils einem Überwachungsbereich zugeordneten Ansaugeinrichtungen eingerichtet zum Ansaugen von Raumluft, wobei die Ansaugeinrichtung derart gebildet sind, dass sie die angesaugte Raumluft getrennt voneinander auswerten, und ein erstes Steuersignal bei Detektion eines Grenzwertes eines Überwachungsparameters in zumindest einer Ansaugeinrichtung ausgeben. Ein Überwachungsparameter kann beispielsweise die Rauchgaskonzentration, der CO2 Gehalt oder die Anzahl an Rauchpartikeln sein.This comprises two separately operated, each one monitoring area associated with a suction arranged for sucking in room air, wherein the suction are formed such that they evaluate the sucked air separately, and a first control signal upon detection of a limit of Output monitoring parameters in at least one aspirator. A monitoring parameter can be, for example, the flue gas concentration, the CO2 content or the number of smoke particles.

Gemäß einem vorteilhaften Ausführungsbeispiel wird vorgeschlagen, dass entlang der Längsachse des Schienenfahrzeugs angeordnete, Ansaugrohre mit Öffnungen vorgesehen sind. Wie zuvor bereits beschrieben, sind entlang der Längsachse des Schienenfahrzeugs angeordnete Ansaugrohre besonders geeignet für die Detektion der Überwachungsparameter, da diese über einen großen Detektionsbereich verfügen und somit längliche Objekte gut überwachen können.According to an advantageous embodiment, it is proposed that intake pipes arranged along the longitudinal axis of the rail vehicle are provided with openings. As already described above, intake pipes arranged along the longitudinal axis of the rail vehicle are particularly suitable for the detection of the monitoring parameters, since these have a large detection range and can thus monitor elongated objects well.

Um mehrere Bereiche überwachen zu können, wird erfindungsgemäß vorgeschlagen, dass die zumindest zwei Ansaugeinrichtungen räumlich voneinander getrennt angeordnet sind.In order to be able to monitor several areas, it is proposed according to the invention that the at least two suction devices are arranged spatially separated from one another.

Um zu verhindern, dass ein Defekt in einem Fahrzeugteil oder eine Beschädigung eines Fahrzeugteils beide Ansaugeinrichtungen gleichzeitig zerstört, wird vorgeschlagen, dass eine Ansaugeinrichtung in einem vorderen Fahrzeugteil und eine zweite Ansaugeinrichtung in einem hinteren Fahrzeugteil angeordnet sind.In order to prevent a defect in a vehicle part or a damage of a vehicle part from destroying both suction devices simultaneously, it is proposed that a suction device be arranged in a front vehicle part and a second suction device in a rear vehicle part.

Auch wird erfindungsgemäß vorgeschlagen, dass die Ansaugrohre in räumlich voneinander getrennten Bereichen angeordnet sind.It is also proposed according to the invention that the intake pipes are arranged in spatially separate regions.

Nachfolgend wird der Gegenstand anhand einer Ausführungsbeispiele zeigenden Zeichnung näher erläutert. In der Zeichnung zeigen:

Fig. 1
ein schematisch angedeutetes Schienenfahrzeug;
Fig. 2
ein Ansaugrohr.
The article will be explained in more detail with reference to drawings showing an exemplary embodiments. In the drawing show:
Fig. 1
a schematically indicated rail vehicle;
Fig. 2
an intake pipe.

Figur 1 zeigt ein Schienenfahrzeug 2 mit einem Obergeschoss 4 und einem Untergeschoss 6 getrennt durch eine Trenndecke 8. Ferner ist in dem Schienenfahrzeug 2 eine erste Ansaugeinrichtung 10a und eine zweite Ansaugeinrichtung 10b vorgesehen. An die erste Ansaugeinrichtung 10a sind Ansaugrohre 12a und 14a angeordnet. An die zweite Ansaugeinrichtung 10b sind Ansaugrohre 12b und 14b angeschlossen. Wie zu erkennen ist, verlaufen die Ansaugrohre 12a und 12b im Obergeschoss 4 des Schienenfahrzeugs 2. In der schematischen Darstellung verläuft das Ansaugrohr 12a im oberen Bereich des Obergeschosses 4 und das Ansaugrohr 12b im unteren Bereich des Obergeschosses 4. Die Ansaugrohre 12a, 12b können auch beide beabstandet voneinander in der Decke oder dem Boden des Schienenfahrzeugs 2 angeordnet sein. FIG. 1 shows a rail vehicle 2 with an upper floor 4 and a basement 6 separated by a separating ceiling 8. Further, in the rail vehicle 2, a first suction device 10a and a second suction device 10b is provided. Intake pipes 12a and 14a are arranged on the first suction device 10a. Intake pipes 12b and 14b are connected to the second suction device 10b. As can be seen, the intake pipes 12a and 12b extend in the upper floor 4 of the rail vehicle 2. In the schematic illustration, the intake pipe 12a extends in the upper region of the upper floor 4 and the intake pipe 12b in the lower region of the upper floor 4. The intake pipes 12a, 12b can also both spaced from each other in the ceiling or the floor of the rail vehicle 2 may be arranged.

Ferner ist zu erkennen, dass die Ansaugrohre 14a, 14b im Untergeschoss 6 des Schienenfahrzeugs 2 angeordnet sind.Furthermore, it can be seen that the intake pipes 14a, 14b are arranged in the lower floor 6 of the rail vehicle 2.

Über die Ansaugrohre 12, 14 saugen die Ansaugeinrichtungen 10a, 10b die Raumluft im Obergeschoss 4 bzw. im Untergeschoss 6 an und überwachen den die angesaugte Raumluft, beispielsweise den Rauchgasgehalt oder andere Qualitätsparameter, wie beispielsweise den CO2 Gehalt oder die Rauchpartikelanzahl. Durch die lineare Ausdehnung der Ansaugrohre 12, 14 in dem Obergeschoss 4 und dem Untergeschoss 6 wird erreicht, dass der gesamte Bereich überwacht wird. Die Ansaugeinrichtungen 10 werden durch Überwachungseinrichtungen (nicht dargestellt) überwacht, und ein Ausfall der Ansaugeinrichtungen 10 selber wird detektiert.Via the intake pipes 12, 14, the suction devices 10a, 10b suck in the room air in the upper floor 4 or in the basement 6 and monitor the intake room air, for example the flue gas content or other quality parameters, such as the CO2 content or Smoke particle number. The linear expansion of the intake pipes 12, 14 in the upper floor 4 and the lower floor 6 ensures that the entire area is monitored. The suction devices 10 are monitored by monitoring devices (not shown), and failure of the suction devices 10 itself is detected.

Die Ansaugeinrichtungen 10 sind über eine Datenleitung 16 miteinander verbunden und kommunizieren miteinander. Über Ausgänge 18 können die Ansaugeinrichtungen 10 Steuersignale und Alarmsignale ausgeben.The suction devices 10 are connected to each other via a data line 16 and communicate with each other. Via outputs 18, the suction devices 10 can output control signals and alarm signals.

Für den Fall, dass eine Ansaugeinrichtung beschädigt ist, wird ebenfalls über einen der Ausgänge 18 ein Ausgangssignal erzeugt, welches eine Beschädigung an der Ansaugeinrichtung indiziert.In the event that a suction device is damaged, an output signal is also generated via one of the outputs 18, which indicates damage to the suction device.

Stellt eine der Ansaugeinrichtungen 10 in der angesaugten Raumluft einen erhöhten Rauchgasgehalt oder einen erhöhten CO2 Gehalt oder eine erhöhte Rauchpartikelanzahl fest, so gibt diese Ansaugeinrichtung 10 ein erstes Steuersignal aus. In einem Auswertecomputer (nicht dargestellt) werden die Signale auf den Ausgängen 18 ausgewertet. Liegt ein erstes Steuersignal vor, so wird beispielsweise eine Videoüberwachung 20a, 20b in dem Bereich aktiviert, welcher zu dem Ansaugrohr gehört, in dem eine erhöhte Rauchgaskonzentration detektiert wurde, welche das erste Steuersignal bedingt hat.If one of the suction devices 10 detects an increased flue gas content or an increased CO 2 content or an increased number of smoke particles in the intake room air, then this suction device 10 outputs a first control signal. In an evaluation computer (not shown), the signals on the outputs 18 are evaluated. If a first control signal is present, then, for example, a video surveillance 20a, 20b is activated in the region which belongs to the intake pipe, in which an increased flue gas concentration was detected which caused the first control signal.

Wird zusätzlich zum ersten Steuersignal in einer zweiten Ansauganrichtung 10 ebenfalls eine erhöhte Rauchgaskonzentration in dem entsprechenden Bereich detektiert, wird ein weiteres Steuersignal ausgegeben. Beim Vorliegen von zwei Steuersignalen, welche gleichzeitig eine Rauchgasdetektion in ein und demselben Bereich signalisieren, wird von dem zentralen Steuercomputer beispielsweise eine Brandbekämpfung, beispielsweise mittels Sprinkler, Löschnebel oder Schaum, aktiviert. Auch ist es möglich, dass weitere Videoüberwachungen aktiviert werden, der Zug angehalten wird und/oder eine Evakuierungsmaßnahme eingeleitet wird.If, in addition to the first control signal in a second intake device 10, an increased flue gas concentration in the corresponding area is also detected, a further control signal is output. At the Presence of two control signals, which simultaneously signal a flue gas detection in the same area, is activated by the central control computer, for example, a fire fighting, for example by means of sprinklers, extinguishing mist or foam. It is also possible that further video surveillance be activated, the train is stopped and / or an evacuation measure is initiated.

Zu erkennen ist, dass die Ansaugeinrichtung 10a, 10b in gegenüberliegenden Enden des Schienenfahrzeugs 2 angeordnet sind. Ferner ist zu erkennen, dass je eine der Ansaugeinrichtungen 10 je ein Ansaugrohr 12, 14 in je einen der Bereiche 4, 6 betreibt. Durch die dargestellte Anordnung der Ansaugeinrichtung 10 und der Absaugrohren 12, 14 wird eine erhöhte Redundanz gewährleistet.It can be seen that the suction device 10a, 10b are arranged in opposite ends of the rail vehicle 2. Furthermore, it can be seen that one of the suction devices 10 each operates an intake pipe 12, 14 in each of the regions 4, 6. The illustrated arrangement of the suction device 10 and the suction tubes 12, 14 an increased redundancy is ensured.

Der Betrieb der Ansaugeinrichtungen 10 kann an den Betrieb des Schienenfahrzeugs 2 gekoppelt sein. Hierbei ist es möglich, dass die Ansaugeinrichtungen 10 die Raumluft nur während der Betriebszeiten des Schienenfahrzeuges 2 ansaugen, und außerhalb deren Betriebszeiten deaktiviert sind. Auch kann eine Nachlaufzeit von beispielsweise einer halben Stunde oder einer Stunde eingerichtet sein, so dass die Raumluft auch noch eine halbe Stunde oder eine Stunde nach Abschalten des Schienenfahrzeugs 2 angesaugt und ausgewertet wird.The operation of the suction devices 10 may be coupled to the operation of the rail vehicle 2. In this case, it is possible that the suction devices 10 suck in the room air only during the operating times of the rail vehicle 2, and are deactivated outside their operating times. Also, a follow-up time of, for example, half an hour or one hour can be set so that the room air is sucked and evaluated even half an hour or one hour after switching off the rail vehicle 2.

Figur 2 zeigt beispielhaft ein Ansaugrohr 12. Zu erkennen ist, dass das Ansaugrohr 12 Löcher 22 aufweist. Die Löcher 22 sind entlang der Achse des Ansaugrohrs 12 angeordnet und dienen einer Ansaugung der Raumluft. Durch die Löcher 22 wird die Raumluft entlang der gesamten Achse des Ansaugrohres 12 angesaugt. Es ist auch möglich, die Löcher entlang einer Linie auf dem Rohrmantel anzuordnen. Auch ist es möglich, die Löcher in Abständen von 30 - 50 cm anzuordnen. FIG. 2 shows an example of an intake pipe 12. It can be seen that the intake pipe 12 has holes 22. The holes 22 are arranged along the axis of the intake pipe 12 and serve for intake of the room air. Through the holes 22, the room air is sucked along the entire axis of the intake pipe 12. It is also possible to drill the holes along a line to arrange on the pipe jacket. It is also possible to arrange the holes at intervals of 30 - 50 cm.

Die angesaugte Raumluft wird durch das Ansaugrohr 12 zu der Ansaugeinrichtung 10 transportiert. Dort wird die angesaugte Raunluft ausgewertet. Abhängig vom Auswerteergebnis kann ein Steuersignal ausgegeben werden.The sucked room air is transported through the intake pipe 12 to the suction device 10. There, the sucked Raunluft is evaluated. Depending on the evaluation result, a control signal can be output.

Durch das gegenständliche Verfahren und die intelligente Verknüpfung der Ausgangssignale der Ansaugeinrichtungen 10 wird die Mean-Time-Between Failure (MTBF) erhöht.By the subject method and the intelligent combination of the output signals of the suction devices 10, the mean-time-between failure (MTBF) is increased.

Oft erfordert die Zulassung eines Zuges die volle Funktionsfähigkeit eines Branddetektionssystems, damit der Zug überhaupt in den Betrieb gehen darf. Wäre nur ein Detektionssystem installiert, so könnte der Zug das Depot nicht verlassen, sofern dieses System defekt ist. Durch den gegenständlichen redundanten Aufbau aber ist auch eine Alarmierung gewährleistet, wenn eine Ansaugeinrichtung ausfiele. Der Zug müsste also erst dann im Depot verbleiben, wenn beide Ansaugeinrichtungen defekt wären.Often the approval of a train requires the full functionality of a fire detection system so that the train is allowed to enter service at all. If only one detection system was installed, the train could not leave the depot, if this system is defective. Due to the representational redundant structure but also an alarm is guaranteed if a suction precipitated. The train would therefore only have to remain in the depot if both suction devices were defective.

Auch wird die Anzahl der Täuschungsalarme reduziert und die Dauer zwischen zwei Täuschungsalarmen erhöht. Durch das Ansteuern einer Videoüberwachung beim Erkennen eines ersten Steuersignals oder auch lediglich durch die Information des Zugführers zur Aktivierung der Videoüberwachung wird eine erhöhte Sicherheit gewährleistet. Mit Hilfe des gegenständlichen Verfahrens lassen sich Brände sicherer detektieren und somit effektiver bekämpfen.It also reduces the number of false alarms and increases the duration between two false alarms. By controlling a video surveillance when detecting a first control signal or only by the information of the train driver to activate the video surveillance increased security is ensured. With the help of the present process, fires can be detected more reliably and thus fight more effectively.

Claims (7)

  1. Method for detecting fires in railway vehicles, comprising:
    - Sucking-in of compartment air in a railway vehicle (2) by means of at least two spatially separated suctioning devices (10a, 10b) operated separately from one another,
    - whereupon of a first suctioning device (10a) a suction pipe (12a) branches off into a first area and a suction pipe (14a) branches off into a second area of two spatially separated areas and of a second suctioning device (10b) a suction pipe (12b) branches off into the first area and a suction pipe (14b) branches off into the second area,
    - separate evaluation of monitoring parameters in the respective suctioning devices (10a, 10b),
    - outputting of a first control signal on detection of a monitoring parameter threshold value in at least one suctioning device (10a, 10b).
  2. Method according to Claim 1, characterised in that on detection of a monitoring parameter threshold in one surveillance area a pre-alarm is outputted.
  3. Method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the first area is an upper floor (4) and the second area is a basement floor (6) of a two-storey railway vehicle (2).
  4. Method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that in case of a blackout of one of the suctioning devices (10a, 10b) a second control signal is output and that when outputting the first control signal an alarm signal is output.
  5. Method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the operation of the suctioning devices (10a, 10b) is linked to the operation of the railway vehicle (2) with at least a follow-up operation time, so that the suctioning devices (10a, 10b) are switched off at least a predetermined time after terminating the operation of the railway vehicle (2).
  6. Method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the compartment air sucked in commonly from the first and the second area is evaluated in the respective suctioning device (10a, 10b).
  7. Railway vehicle fire detection device, having
    - at lest two spatially separated suctioning devices (10a, 10b) operated separately from one another, arranged for the sucking in of compartment air, whereupon the suctioning devices (10a, 10b) are formed such, that
    - the compartment air sucked in is evaluated separately, and
    - a first control signal is output on detection of a threshold value of a monitoring parameter in at least one suctioning device (10a, 10b),
    characterised in that,
    - of a first suctioning device (10a) a suction pipe (12a) branches off into a first area and a suction pipe (14a) branches off into a second area of two spatially separated areas and of a second suctioning device (10b) a suction pipe (12b) branches off into the first area and a suction pipe (14b) branches off into the second area.
EP12153748.4A 2008-06-13 2009-04-21 Fire detection in rail vehicles Active EP2450860B9 (en)

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DE102008028134A DE102008028134A1 (en) 2008-06-13 2008-06-13 Fire detection in rail vehicles
EP09761541A EP2286394B1 (en) 2008-06-13 2009-04-21 Fire detection in rail vehicles

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EP09761541A Division-Into EP2286394B1 (en) 2008-06-13 2009-04-21 Fire detection in rail vehicles

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US8547238B2 (en) * 2010-06-30 2013-10-01 Knowflame, Inc. Optically redundant fire detector for false alarm rejection
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DE102013205780A1 (en) * 2013-04-02 2014-10-02 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Vehicle with gas suction device
US9208671B2 (en) * 2013-12-05 2015-12-08 Honeywell International Inc. Redundant input pipe networks in aspirated smoke detectors
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CN116524668A (en) * 2023-05-11 2023-08-01 南京航空航天大学 Machine carries intelligent combined type fire detection device

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EP2450860A1 (en) 2012-05-09
EP2286394A1 (en) 2011-02-23
ES2396757T3 (en) 2013-02-25
US8457816B2 (en) 2013-06-04
EP2286394B1 (en) 2012-10-03
EP2450860B9 (en) 2013-09-04
CN102067187A (en) 2011-05-18
EP2544159B1 (en) 2016-02-24
ES2570680T3 (en) 2016-05-19
WO2009149978A9 (en) 2010-03-04
EP2544159A1 (en) 2013-01-09
US20110106346A1 (en) 2011-05-05
DE102008028134A1 (en) 2009-12-17
WO2009149978A1 (en) 2009-12-17
CN102067187B (en) 2015-08-19

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