EP2419633A1 - Buoyant wind power station - Google Patents

Buoyant wind power station

Info

Publication number
EP2419633A1
EP2419633A1 EP10764704A EP10764704A EP2419633A1 EP 2419633 A1 EP2419633 A1 EP 2419633A1 EP 10764704 A EP10764704 A EP 10764704A EP 10764704 A EP10764704 A EP 10764704A EP 2419633 A1 EP2419633 A1 EP 2419633A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
power station
wind power
installation
stabilizing
gyro
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP10764704A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2419633A4 (en
Inventor
Arnfinn Nergaard
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Universitetet i Stavanger
Original Assignee
Universitetet i Stavanger
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Universitetet i Stavanger filed Critical Universitetet i Stavanger
Publication of EP2419633A1 publication Critical patent/EP2419633A1/en
Publication of EP2419633A4 publication Critical patent/EP2419633A4/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03DWIND MOTORS
    • F03D3/00Wind motors with rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor 
    • F03D3/005Wind motors with rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor  the axis being vertical
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63BSHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B39/00Equipment to decrease pitch, roll, or like unwanted vessel movements; Apparatus for indicating vessel attitude
    • B63B39/04Equipment to decrease pitch, roll, or like unwanted vessel movements; Apparatus for indicating vessel attitude to decrease vessel movements by using gyroscopes directly
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03DWIND MOTORS
    • F03D13/00Assembly, mounting or commissioning of wind motors; Arrangements specially adapted for transporting wind motor components
    • F03D13/20Arrangements for mounting or supporting wind motors; Masts or towers for wind motors
    • F03D13/22Foundations specially adapted for wind motors
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03DWIND MOTORS
    • F03D13/00Assembly, mounting or commissioning of wind motors; Arrangements specially adapted for transporting wind motor components
    • F03D13/20Arrangements for mounting or supporting wind motors; Masts or towers for wind motors
    • F03D13/25Arrangements for mounting or supporting wind motors; Masts or towers for wind motors specially adapted for offshore installation
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63BSHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B35/00Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
    • B63B35/44Floating buildings, stores, drilling platforms, or workshops, e.g. carrying water-oil separating devices
    • B63B2035/4433Floating structures carrying electric power plants
    • B63B2035/446Floating structures carrying electric power plants for converting wind energy into electric energy
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05BINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00Components
    • F05B2240/90Mounting on supporting structures or systems
    • F05B2240/93Mounting on supporting structures or systems on a structure floating on a liquid surface
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05BINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00Components
    • F05B2240/90Mounting on supporting structures or systems
    • F05B2240/95Mounting on supporting structures or systems offshore
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70Wind energy
    • Y02E10/727Offshore wind turbines
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70Wind energy
    • Y02E10/74Wind turbines with rotation axis perpendicular to the wind direction

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a buoyant wind power station. More particularly, it relates to a buoyant wind power station in which a wind turbine is placed on an installation.
  • a floating vessel in any form, such as a buoy, a barge, a ship or a platform.
  • Floating installations are subjected to partly considerable environmental forces from winds, currents and waves. Accord- ing to the kind of installation, environmental forces may set up considerable movements in the six degrees of freedom. In windmill structures, which are relatively tall, movements from pitching and rolling may constitute structural restrictions in the construction of the wind power station.
  • additional floats are placed around a main float.
  • the additional floats are of such a design that they provide considerably increased buoyancy if they are moved down into the water.
  • WO 03/004869 discloses a buoyant wind power station in which the design of the float together with the moorings restricts the tilt of the windmill.
  • the invention has for its object to remedy or reduce at least one of the drawbacks of the prior art .
  • a buoyant wind power station in which a wind turbine is placed on an installation is provided and is characterized by the installation being provided with a stabilizing gyro.
  • a stabilizing gyro arranged in the wind power station will counteract angular deflections of the wind power station around angular axes in directions other than the stabilizing gyro's own rotational axis. If the gyro rotates around a vertical axis, angular deflections in the form of rolling and pitching due to at least winds, waves and currents will be counteracted.
  • the positioning of the stabilizing gyro in the installation depends on the design of the installation and must, on the basis of known principles, be adjusted with respect to whether the centre of gravity of the wind power station is above or below the centre of buoyancy, among other things.
  • the stabilizing gyro may be constituted by one or more masses that are arranged in suitable positions, for example as part of the wind turbine, the axle, gear or generator of the wind turbine .
  • the stabilizing gyro may be constituted by a separate flywheel rotating at relatively great speed, or a relatively large mass rotating at considerably lower speed.
  • the relatively large mass is positioned at a relatively low level in the installation, it may form part of the ballast of the installation.
  • the mass of a slow-rotating stabilizing gyro may constitute 10-80 % of the installation weight, for example. Calculations show that at speeds of between 5 and 20 revolutions per minute, a good effect is achieved when the mass constitutes 30- 60 % of the installation weight.
  • the stabilizing gyro may surround the drive shaft of the wind turbine. If the drive shaft is vertical, as, with advantage, it may be if a Gelhard or Darrieus turbine is used, or also with other turbines when the generator of the windmill power station is placed in the installation, the stabilizing gyro will function in accordance with the intention.
  • the stabilizing gyro may be driven by the drive shaft via a gear, or directly by the drive shaft.
  • the stabilizing gyro may be driven by, for example, an electromotor.
  • the installation may be provided with at least two stabilizing gyros, wherein two stabilizing gyros may be counter- rotating.
  • the stabilizing gyros may have different axes of rotation.
  • a stabilizing gyro in accordance with the invention could stabilize pitch 5 and roll deflections to a substantial extent.
  • Figure 1 shows schematically a wind power station which iso provided with a stabilizing gyro according to the invention
  • Figure 2 shows schematically a wind power station in an alternative embodiment.
  • the reference numeral 1 indicates a buoyants wind power station including an installation 2 floating in the sea 4 and being moored by means of moorings 6.
  • the installation 2 is provided with ballast 8.
  • a drive shaft 10 projects vertically up from an electric generator 12, arranged relatively low in the installation 2, and0 up to a wind turbine 14 which is at a level above the installation 2.
  • the drive shaft 10 rotates around a centre axis 16 and is supported in the installation 2 by means of an upper bearing 18 and a lower bearing 20.
  • the drive shaft 10 is arranged to fol-s low the pitch and roll movements of the installation 2.
  • a stabilizing gyro 22 in the form of a rotatable mass is supported around the drive shaft 10 by means of gyro bearings 24.
  • the stabilizing gyro 22 is driven from the drive shaft 10 by way of a gear 26.
  • the torque is transmitted to the generator 12 via the drive shaft 10.
  • Some of the torque is transmitted by way of the gear 26 to the stabilizing gyro 22 which is given a relatively high speed of rotation.
  • the stabilizing gyro 22 When a pitch or roll movement rotates the centre axis 16 out of its vertical position, the stabilizing gyro 22 will, because of a gyro's way of working, known per se, counteract this rotation.
  • the stabilizing gyro 22 is placed relatively low in the installation 2, has a considerable mass relative to the total mass of the installation 2, has a relatively large radius, rotates relatively slowly and contributes to lowering the centre of gravity to a lower level.
  • the stabilizing gyro 22 may be connected to the drive shaft 10, whereby the gyro bearings 24 and the gear 26 are redundant.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)

Abstract

A buoyant wind power station (1) in which a wind turbine (14) is placed on an installation (2), and in which the installation (2) is provided with a stabilizing gyro (22).

Description

BUOYANT WIND POWER STATION
This invention relates to a buoyant wind power station. More particularly, it relates to a buoyant wind power station in which a wind turbine is placed on an installation.
By an installation is meant, in this connection, a floating vessel in any form, such as a buoy, a barge, a ship or a platform.
Floating installations are subjected to partly considerable environmental forces from winds, currents and waves. Accord- ing to the kind of installation, environmental forces may set up considerable movements in the six degrees of freedom. In windmill structures, which are relatively tall, movements from pitching and rolling may constitute structural restrictions in the construction of the wind power station.
Several measures to remedy such problems are known. According to WO 2005/068835 wind speeds and movement are measured, the windmill being stopped by means of a brake if predetermined limit values are exceeded.
According to US 2005/0206168, additional floats are placed around a main float. The additional floats are of such a design that they provide considerably increased buoyancy if they are moved down into the water.
WO 03/004869 discloses a buoyant wind power station in which the design of the float together with the moorings restricts the tilt of the windmill.
It has turned out in practice that the prior art, with the exception of devices in which the windmill is stopped, has to be constructed as relatively large, heavy and thereby expensive structures for the intended effect to be achieved.
The invention has for its object to remedy or reduce at least one of the drawbacks of the prior art .
The object is achieved according to the invention through the features which are specified in the description below and in the claims that follow.
A buoyant wind power station in which a wind turbine is placed on an installation is provided and is characterized by the installation being provided with a stabilizing gyro.
Because of the way it works, a stabilizing gyro arranged in the wind power station will counteract angular deflections of the wind power station around angular axes in directions other than the stabilizing gyro's own rotational axis. If the gyro rotates around a vertical axis, angular deflections in the form of rolling and pitching due to at least winds, waves and currents will be counteracted.
The positioning of the stabilizing gyro in the installation depends on the design of the installation and must, on the basis of known principles, be adjusted with respect to whether the centre of gravity of the wind power station is above or below the centre of buoyancy, among other things.
The stabilizing gyro may be constituted by one or more masses that are arranged in suitable positions, for example as part of the wind turbine, the axle, gear or generator of the wind turbine .
For example, the stabilizing gyro may be constituted by a separate flywheel rotating at relatively great speed, or a relatively large mass rotating at considerably lower speed.
If the relatively large mass is positioned at a relatively low level in the installation, it may form part of the ballast of the installation.
The mass of a slow-rotating stabilizing gyro may constitute 10-80 % of the installation weight, for example. Calculations show that at speeds of between 5 and 20 revolutions per minute, a good effect is achieved when the mass constitutes 30- 60 % of the installation weight.
The stabilizing gyro may surround the drive shaft of the wind turbine. If the drive shaft is vertical, as, with advantage, it may be if a Gelhard or Darrieus turbine is used, or also with other turbines when the generator of the windmill power station is placed in the installation, the stabilizing gyro will function in accordance with the intention.
If constituted by a separate mass, the stabilizing gyro may be driven by the drive shaft via a gear, or directly by the drive shaft. Alternatively, the stabilizing gyro may be driven by, for example, an electromotor.
The installation may be provided with at least two stabilizing gyros, wherein two stabilizing gyros may be counter- rotating. The stabilizing gyros may have different axes of rotation.
Because of the stabilizing gyro's way of working, dampening a rotation in one plane will cause the occurrence of a rotation perpendicular to the rotation which is being dampened. This may be counteracted by the counter-rotation of two stabilizing gyros .
In a relatively simple and cost-effective way, a stabilizing gyro in accordance with the invention could stabilize pitch 5 and roll deflections to a substantial extent.
In what follows is described an example of a preferred embodiment which is visualized in the accompanying drawings, in which:
Figure 1 shows schematically a wind power station which iso provided with a stabilizing gyro according to the invention; and
Figure 2 shows schematically a wind power station in an alternative embodiment.
In the drawings, the reference numeral 1 indicates a buoyants wind power station including an installation 2 floating in the sea 4 and being moored by means of moorings 6. The installation 2 is provided with ballast 8.
A drive shaft 10 projects vertically up from an electric generator 12, arranged relatively low in the installation 2, and0 up to a wind turbine 14 which is at a level above the installation 2. The drive shaft 10 rotates around a centre axis 16 and is supported in the installation 2 by means of an upper bearing 18 and a lower bearing 20. Thus, in this preferred exemplary embodiment, the drive shaft 10 is arranged to fol-s low the pitch and roll movements of the installation 2.
A stabilizing gyro 22 in the form of a rotatable mass is supported around the drive shaft 10 by means of gyro bearings 24. The stabilizing gyro 22 is driven from the drive shaft 10 by way of a gear 26. When the wind turbine 14 is set into rotation, the torque is transmitted to the generator 12 via the drive shaft 10. Some of the torque is transmitted by way of the gear 26 to the stabilizing gyro 22 which is given a relatively high speed of rotation.
When a pitch or roll movement rotates the centre axis 16 out of its vertical position, the stabilizing gyro 22 will, because of a gyro's way of working, known per se, counteract this rotation.
In an alternative embodiment, see figure 2, the stabilizing gyro 22 is placed relatively low in the installation 2, has a considerable mass relative to the total mass of the installation 2, has a relatively large radius, rotates relatively slowly and contributes to lowering the centre of gravity to a lower level.
In this alternative embodiment, the stabilizing gyro 22 may be connected to the drive shaft 10, whereby the gyro bearings 24 and the gear 26 are redundant.

Claims

C l a i m s
1. A buoyant wind power station (1) , in which a wind turbine (14) is placed on an installation (2) , c h a r a c t e r i z e d i n that the installation (2) is provided with a stabilizing gyro (22) .
2. The buoyant wind power station in accordance with claim 1, c h a r a c t e r i z e d i n that the stabilizing gyro (22) is constituted by one or more masses arranged as part of the wind turbine (14) , the drive shaft (10), gear, or generator (12) of the wind turbine .
3. The buoyant wind power station in accordance with claim 1, c h a r a c t e r i z e d i n that the stabilizing gyro (22) surrounds the drive shaft (10) of the wind turbine .
4. The buoyant wind power station in accordance with claim 1, c h a r a c t e r i z e d i n that the stabilizing gyro (22) is driven by the drive shaft (10) by way of a gear (26) .
5. The buoyant wind power station in accordance with claim 1, c h a r a c t e r i z e d i n that the installation (2) is provided with at least two stabilizing gyros (22) .
6. The buoyant wind power station in accordance with claim 4, c h a r a c t e r i z e d i n that two of the stabilizing gyros (22) are counter-rotating.
7. The buoyant wind power station in accordance with claim 1, c h a r a c t e r i z e d i n that the sta- bilizing gyro (22) is placed low in the installation (2) .
EP10764704.2A 2009-04-16 2010-04-14 Buoyant wind power station Withdrawn EP2419633A4 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NO20091473A NO329740B1 (en) 2009-04-16 2009-04-16 Device at floating wind turbines
PCT/NO2010/000134 WO2010120182A1 (en) 2009-04-16 2010-04-14 Buoyant wind power station

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2419633A1 true EP2419633A1 (en) 2012-02-22
EP2419633A4 EP2419633A4 (en) 2016-11-30

Family

ID=42982685

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP10764704.2A Withdrawn EP2419633A4 (en) 2009-04-16 2010-04-14 Buoyant wind power station

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2419633A4 (en)
NO (1) NO329740B1 (en)
WO (1) WO2010120182A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8421263B2 (en) * 2010-10-27 2013-04-16 Florida Turbine Technologies, Inc. Floating vertical axis wind turbine
EP2685093B1 (en) 2012-07-10 2016-06-29 Alstom Wind, S.L.U. Wind turbine stabilization
ITUA20164414A1 (en) * 2015-06-16 2017-12-16 Milano Innovazioni Tecnologiche Srl offshore multi-axis wind generator with self-stabilizing vertical axis
SE539182C2 (en) * 2015-07-02 2017-05-02 Seatwirl Ab Floating wind energy harvesting apparatus with replaceable energy converter
FR3048740B1 (en) 2016-03-08 2018-03-30 Centre National De La Recherche Scientifique FLOATING WIND TURBINE WITH VERTICAL AXIS TWIN TURBINES WITH IMPROVED YIELD
DE102017106434A1 (en) * 2017-03-24 2018-09-27 Athanasios Dafnis Floating offshore wind turbine with a vertical rotor and wind farm in modular design comprising several such wind turbines
IT202200011225A1 (en) * 2022-05-27 2023-11-27 Bau Gianni VERTICAL ROTATION AXIS WIND GENERATOR SYSTEM WITH SAVONIUS TYPE TURBINE

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3622119A1 (en) * 1986-07-02 1988-01-14 Mozdzanowski Joachim Wind power station for locating at sea
US6949842B2 (en) * 2001-07-10 2005-09-27 Matthew Earley Centrifugal weight control for a wind or water turbine
JP2003252288A (en) * 2002-02-27 2003-09-10 Hitachi Zosen Corp Floating body type base structure for marine wind power generation
DE20206234U1 (en) * 2002-04-19 2002-08-08 Gelhard Theresia Floatable wind turbine
DE10337278A1 (en) * 2003-08-11 2005-03-10 Roland Mahler Offshore windmill for generation of electricity has floating vertical tower with anchor connection and ballast at bottom and has valve to allow flooding and sinking to protect windmill during gale
JP4516321B2 (en) * 2004-01-13 2010-08-04 日本郵船株式会社 Marine straight wing vertical axis wind power generator
US7100438B2 (en) * 2004-07-06 2006-09-05 General Electric Company Method and apparatus for determining a site for an offshore wind turbine

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NO20091473L (en) 2010-10-18
NO329740B1 (en) 2010-12-13
EP2419633A4 (en) 2016-11-30
WO2010120182A1 (en) 2010-10-21

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