JP2014218958A - Floating structure for ocean wind power generation - Google Patents

Floating structure for ocean wind power generation Download PDF

Info

Publication number
JP2014218958A
JP2014218958A JP2013099442A JP2013099442A JP2014218958A JP 2014218958 A JP2014218958 A JP 2014218958A JP 2013099442 A JP2013099442 A JP 2013099442A JP 2013099442 A JP2013099442 A JP 2013099442A JP 2014218958 A JP2014218958 A JP 2014218958A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
floating structure
power generation
wind
inclination
ballast
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP2013099442A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
哲郎 堀
Tetsuo Hori
哲郎 堀
哲次 白枝
Tetsuji Shiroeda
哲次 白枝
孟 石原
Takeshi Ishihara
孟 石原
明彦 今北
Akihiko Imakita
明彦 今北
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Shimizu Construction Co Ltd
Mitsui Engineering and Shipbuilding Co Ltd
University of Tokyo NUC
Shimizu Corp
Original Assignee
Shimizu Construction Co Ltd
Mitsui Engineering and Shipbuilding Co Ltd
University of Tokyo NUC
Shimizu Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Shimizu Construction Co Ltd, Mitsui Engineering and Shipbuilding Co Ltd, University of Tokyo NUC, Shimizu Corp filed Critical Shimizu Construction Co Ltd
Priority to JP2013099442A priority Critical patent/JP2014218958A/en
Publication of JP2014218958A publication Critical patent/JP2014218958A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction

Landscapes

  • Wind Motors (AREA)

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a floating structure for ocean wind power generation, attaining steady inclination suitable for a wind situation, and capable of improving power generation efficiency.SOLUTION: In a floating structure 10 used as a basis of a horizontal axis type wind mill 16 in ocean wind power generation, the gravity center position of a ballast 32 provided inside the floating structure 10 can be changed in a vertical direction in order to adjust vertical force acting on the floating structure 10. The floating structure 10 includes an inclination adjustment mechanism 30 that adjusts an inclination angle θ of the floating structure 10 by changing the gravity center position of the ballast 32 in the vertical direction on the basis of a wind load acting on the wind mill 16.

Description

本発明は、浮体式洋上風力発電に用いられる浮体構造物に関し、特に風力発電の発電効率を向上させるようにした浮体構造物に関するものである。   The present invention relates to a floating structure used for floating offshore wind power generation, and more particularly to a floating structure designed to improve the power generation efficiency of wind power generation.

従来、浮体式洋上風力発電用の浮体構造物として、図３に示すようなセミサブ式、ＴＬＰ（緊張係留）式、スパー式などのタイプが知られている。様々な機器で構成される風力発電機にとって振動・動揺は故障の原因となるため、浮体式洋上風力発電においては、風力発電機の基礎として使用される浮体構造物の振動・動揺を如何に抑えるかが従来より重要な課題となっている。   Conventionally, as a floating structure for floating offshore wind power generation, types such as a semi-sub type, a TLP (tension mooring) type, and a spar type as shown in FIG. 3 are known. Since vibration and shaking are a cause of failure for wind generators composed of various devices, in floating offshore wind power generation, how to suppress vibration and shaking of floating structures used as the foundation of wind power generators Is a more important issue than before.

セミサブ式やＴＬＰ式は水線面積の小さい半没水型浮体を使用し、波浪による動揺（上下揺れ・横揺れ・回転）を軽減するタイプであり、特にＴＬＰ式は浮体を強制的に水中に引き込むことで大きな浮力・係留力を作用させ、波浪により荷重の変動が生じても常に浮力・係留力が作用するため、セミサブ式では対応できない上下揺れを軽減できる方式として知られている。   The semi-sub type and TLP type use a semi-submersible type floating body with a small waterline area to reduce the shaking caused by waves (vertical shaking, rolling, rotation), especially the TLP type forcing the floating body into water. It is known as a method that can reduce the up and down motion that cannot be handled by the semi-sub type because a large buoyancy and mooring force are applied by pulling in and buoyancy and mooring force always act even if a load fluctuates due to waves.

なお、セミサブ式に関連する従来の技術としては例えば特許文献１〜９が提案されており、またＴＬＰ式に関しては例えば特許文献１０〜１４が、スパー式に関しては例えば特許文献１５〜２０が提案されている。   For example, Patent Documents 1 to 9 have been proposed as conventional techniques related to the semi-sub system, and for example, Patent Documents 10 to 14 have been proposed for the TLP system, and for example, Patent Documents 15 to 20 have been proposed for the spar system. ing.

特開２０１０−２４７６４６号公報JP 2010-247646 A 特開２０１０−２１６２７３号公報JP 2010-216273 A 特開２００９−８５１６７号公報JP 2009-85167 A 特開２００７−２６３０７７号公報JP 2007-263077 A 特開２００５−３５１０８７号公報Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2005-351087 特開２００４−２２５８５９号公報JP 2004-225859 A 特開２００４−３６５１７号公報JP 2004-36517 A 特開２００２−２８５９５２号公報JP 2002-285951 A 特開２００２−２８５９５１号公報JP 2002-285951 A 特開２０１０−２３４９６５号公報JP 2010-234965 A 特開２０１０−６４６４９号公報JP 2010-64649 A 特開２０１０−６４６４８号公報JP 2010-64648 A 特開２０１０−３０３７９号公報JP 2010-30379 A 特開２０１０−１８１２９号公報JP 2010-18129 A 特開２０１０−２２３１１４号公報JP 2010-223114 A 特開２０１０−２２３１１３号公報JP 2010-223113 A 特開２００９−２４８７９２号公報JP 2009-248792 A 特開２００７−５１８９１２号公報JP 2007-518912 A 特開２００３−３４３４４７号公報JP 2003-343447 A 特開２００２−１８８５５７号公報JP 2002-188557 A

ところで、浮体構造物上に立設したタワー頂部に、水平方向の回転軸を有する水平軸型の３枚翼プロペラ式の風車を取り付けたものが良く知られている。風車の取り付け方式としては、アップウィンド方式とダウンウィンド方式とがある。アップウィンド方式は、プロペラの回転面が風上側に位置しており、タワーによる風の乱れの影響を受けにくいという特徴がある。一方、ダウンウィンド方式は、回転面が風下側に位置するためプロペラを風向きに正対させるヨー制御が不要という特徴がある。   By the way, it is well known that a horizontal shaft type three-blade propeller type windmill having a horizontal rotating shaft is attached to the top of a tower standing on a floating structure. There are an upwind method and a downwind method as a windmill mounting method. The upwind system has a feature that the rotating surface of the propeller is located on the windward side and is not easily affected by wind turbulence caused by the tower. On the other hand, the downwind system has a feature that yaw control for directly facing the propeller in the wind direction is unnecessary because the rotation surface is located on the leeward side.

また、水平軸風車ではチルト角（回転軸と水平面との偏角）を持たせることが多いが、風車のプロペラ面が風に対して正対するときが最も効率よく風エネルギを電力に変換できる。例えばアップウインド方式では、通常、プロペラ面とタワーとの間隔を確保するために、数度ほど上向きのチルト角を持たせている。この場合、風は回転軸に対してチルト角分だけ斜め下から入ってくることになり、この分だけ効率は低下してしまう。   Further, a horizontal axis windmill often has a tilt angle (a deviation angle between a rotation axis and a horizontal plane), but wind energy can be converted into electric power most efficiently when the propeller surface of the windmill faces the wind. For example, in the upwind system, an upward tilt angle is usually given by several degrees in order to ensure the space between the propeller surface and the tower. In this case, the wind enters from the lower side by the tilt angle with respect to the rotation axis, and the efficiency is reduced by this amount.

一方、ダウンウィンド方式も数度ほど上向きのチルト角を持たせているが、風を受けたとき風下側のプロペラ面が下向きに傾いて風に正対すれば効率のよい発電が期待できる。この場合、その基礎である浮体構造物も風車と一体として傾くので、風車が変動的な風と正対し続けられるように、浮体構造物はその平均的傾き（定常傾斜）を調整可能な構造であることが理想的である。ここで、浮体構造物の定常傾斜は浮体の特性と風車からの横倒れモーメントによって決定されるものである。   On the other hand, the downwind system also has an upward tilt angle of several degrees. However, when the wind is received, efficient power generation can be expected if the propeller surface on the leeward side is tilted downward to face the wind. In this case, the floating structure, which is the foundation of the structure, is also tilted as a unit with the windmill. Therefore, the floating structure has a structure that can adjust the average inclination (steady slope) so that the windmill can keep facing the fluctuating wind. Ideally. Here, the steady inclination of the floating structure is determined by the characteristics of the floating body and the side-falling moment from the windmill.

本発明は、上記に鑑みてなされたものであって、風況に適した定常傾斜を実現し、発電効率を向上させることができる洋上風力発電用浮体構造物を提供することを目的とする。   This invention is made | formed in view of the above, Comprising: It aims at providing the floating structure for offshore wind power generation which implement | achieves the steady inclination suitable for a wind condition, and can improve electric power generation efficiency.

上記した課題を解決し、目的を達成するために、本発明の請求項１に係る洋上風力発電用浮体構造物は、洋上風力発電における水平軸型の風車の基礎として用いられる浮体構造物であって、前記浮体構造物に作用する鉛直力を調整するために前記浮体構造物の内部に設けられるバラストの重心位置を上下方向に変更可能に構成し、前記風車に作用する風荷重に基づいて前記バラストの重心位置を上下方向に変更して前記浮体構造物の傾斜角を調整する傾斜調整機構を備えることを特徴とする。   In order to solve the above problems and achieve the object, a floating structure for offshore wind power generation according to claim 1 of the present invention is a floating structure used as a foundation of a horizontal axis type windmill in offshore wind power generation. The center of gravity of the ballast provided inside the floating structure can be changed in the vertical direction in order to adjust the vertical force acting on the floating structure, and based on the wind load acting on the windmill, An inclination adjustment mechanism that adjusts the inclination angle of the floating structure by changing the center of gravity of the ballast in the vertical direction is provided.

また、本発明の請求項２に係る洋上風力発電用浮体構造物は、上述した請求項１において、前記傾斜調整機構は、前記風車を風に正対させる向きになるように前記浮体構造物の傾斜角を調整することを特徴とする。   In addition, the floating structure for offshore wind power generation according to claim 2 of the present invention is the floating structure according to claim 1, wherein the inclination adjusting mechanism is arranged so that the windmill faces the wind. The tilt angle is adjusted.

また、本発明の請求項３に係る洋上風力発電用浮体構造物は、上述した請求項１または２において、前記傾斜調整機構は、風荷重が小さい場合には前記バラストの重心位置を高くすることによって前記浮体構造物の傾斜を大きくし、風荷重が大きい場合には前記バラストの重心位置を低くすることによって前記浮体構造物の傾斜を小さくすることを特徴とする。   Further, the floating structure for offshore wind power generation according to claim 3 of the present invention is the above-described float structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the inclination adjusting mechanism increases the position of the center of gravity of the ballast when the wind load is small. To increase the inclination of the floating structure, and to reduce the inclination of the floating structure by lowering the center of gravity of the ballast when the wind load is large.

また、本発明の請求項４に係る洋上風力発電用浮体構造物は、上述した請求項１〜３のいずれか一つにおいて、前記浮体構造物をダウンウィンド方式の風車の基礎として用いることを特徴とする。   Moreover, the floating structure for offshore wind power generation according to claim 4 of the present invention is characterized in that, in any one of claims 1 to 3 described above, the floating structure is used as a foundation of a downwind wind turbine. And

また、本発明の請求項５に係る洋上風力発電用浮体構造物は、上述した請求項１〜４のいずれか一つにおいて、前記浮体構造物をカテナリー式で係留するカテナリー係留索をさらに備えることを特徴とする。   Further, the floating structure for offshore wind power generation according to claim 5 of the present invention further comprises a catenary mooring line for mooring the floating structure in a catenary manner according to any one of claims 1 to 4 described above. It is characterized by.

本発明によれば、洋上風力発電における水平軸型の風車の基礎として用いられる浮体構造物であって、前記浮体構造物に作用する鉛直力を調整するために前記浮体構造物の内部に設けられるバラストの重心位置を上下方向に変更可能に構成し、前記風車に作用する風荷重に基づいて前記バラストの重心位置を上下方向に変更して前記浮体構造物の傾斜角を調整する傾斜調整機構を備えるので、風車が風に正対するように浮体構造物の傾斜角を風荷重に基づいて調整することにより、風況に適した定常傾斜を実現し、発電効率を向上させることができるという効果を奏する。   According to the present invention, there is a floating structure used as a foundation of a horizontal axis type windmill in offshore wind power generation, which is provided inside the floating structure in order to adjust a vertical force acting on the floating structure. A tilt adjusting mechanism configured to change a center of gravity of the ballast in a vertical direction and adjust a tilt angle of the floating structure by changing a center of gravity of the ballast in a vertical direction based on a wind load acting on the windmill; Therefore, by adjusting the inclination angle of the floating structure based on the wind load so that the windmill faces the wind, it is possible to achieve a steady inclination suitable for the wind conditions and improve the power generation efficiency. Play.

また、本発明の他の構成によれば、上記構成において、前記傾斜調整機構は、前記風車を風に正対させる向きになるように前記浮体構造物の傾斜角を調整するので、風況に適した定常傾斜を実現し、発電効率を向上させることができるという効果を奏する。   According to another configuration of the present invention, in the above configuration, the tilt adjustment mechanism adjusts the tilt angle of the floating structure so that the wind turbine faces the wind. An appropriate steady slope can be realized, and the power generation efficiency can be improved.

また、本発明の他の構成によれば、上記構成において、前記傾斜調整機構は、風荷重が小さい場合には前記バラストの重心位置を高くすることによって前記浮体構造物の傾斜を大きくし、風荷重が大きい場合には前記バラストの重心位置を低くすることによって前記浮体構造物の傾斜を小さくするので、浮体構造物の最適傾斜角を保つことができるという効果を奏する。   According to another configuration of the present invention, in the above configuration, when the wind load is small, the tilt adjustment mechanism increases the tilt of the floating structure by increasing the position of the center of gravity of the ballast. When the load is large, since the inclination of the floating structure is reduced by lowering the position of the center of gravity of the ballast, the optimum inclination angle of the floating structure can be maintained.

また、本発明の他の構成によれば、上記構成において、前記浮体構造物をダウンウィンド方式の風車の基礎として用いるので、風下側に配置されている風車の水平面内の向きについては風向と同じ方向に自ら変化できるので、ヨー制御装置を設ける必要はない。   According to another configuration of the present invention, in the above configuration, since the floating structure is used as a foundation of a downwind type windmill, the direction in the horizontal plane of the windmill disposed on the leeward side is the same as the wind direction. Since the direction can be changed by itself, there is no need to provide a yaw control device.

また、本発明の他の構成によれば、上記構成において、前記浮体構造物をカテナリー式で係留するカテナリー係留索をさらに備えるので、浮体構造物が漂流するのを防ぐことができるという効果を奏する。   In addition, according to another configuration of the present invention, in the above configuration, a catenary mooring line for mooring the floating structure in a catenary manner is further provided, so that the floating structure can be prevented from drifting. .

図１は、本発明に係る洋上風力発電用浮体構造物の一例を示す概略正面図である。FIG. 1 is a schematic front view showing an example of a floating structure for offshore wind power generation according to the present invention. 図２は、本発明に係る洋上風力発電用浮体構造物の一例を示す概略側面図である。FIG. 2 is a schematic side view showing an example of a floating structure for offshore wind power generation according to the present invention. 図３は、従来の浮体式洋上風力発電用の浮体構造物を例示する図である。FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a conventional floating structure for floating offshore wind power generation.

以下に、本発明に係る洋上風力発電用浮体構造物の実施の形態を図面に基づいて詳細に説明する。なお、この実施例によりこの発明が限定されるものではない。   Embodiments of a floating structure for offshore wind power generation according to the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings. Note that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments.

図１および図２に示すように、本発明に係る洋上風力発電用浮体構造物１０は、洋上風力発電における風力発電機の基礎として用いられる浮体構造物である。浮体構造物１０の中央浮体１２上にはタワー１４が立設してあり、このタワー１４頂部に、略水平方向の回転軸を有する水平軸型の３枚翼プロペラ式の風車１６と、ローターを備える風力発電機が収容されたナセル１８が取り付けてある。風車１６は水平面に対して数度のチルト角αを持って若干上向きに取り付けてある。   As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a floating structure 10 for offshore wind power generation according to the present invention is a floating structure used as a foundation of a wind power generator in offshore wind power generation. A tower 14 is erected on the central floating body 12 of the floating structure 10, and a horizontal axis type three-blade propeller type windmill 16 having a rotation axis in a substantially horizontal direction and a rotor are provided on the top of the tower 14. A nacelle 18 in which a wind power generator is provided is mounted. The windmill 16 is mounted slightly upward with a tilt angle α of several degrees with respect to the horizontal plane.

浮体構造物１０は、下側部分が海水面２０下に水没した半没水型浮体であり、円柱状の中央浮体１２と外側浮体２２とこれらの下部間を連結する棒状の連結部材２４とから構成してある。中央浮体１２と外側浮体２２の平面的な位置関係はここには図示しないが、中央浮体１２を中心とする円周上に複数個（例えば３個）の外側浮体２２を周方向等間隔に配置したものであり、中央浮体１２が浮体構造物１０の重心Ｇおよび浮力中心Ｃに位置するようにしてある。   The floating structure 10 is a semi-submerged floating body whose lower portion is submerged under the seawater surface 20, and includes a cylindrical central floating body 12, an outer floating body 22, and a rod-shaped connecting member 24 that connects the lower portions thereof. It is configured. Although the planar positional relationship between the central floating body 12 and the outer floating body 22 is not shown here, a plurality of (for example, three) outer floating bodies 22 are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction on the circumference centering on the central floating body 12. The central floating body 12 is positioned at the center of gravity G and the buoyancy center C of the floating structure 10.

また、浮体構造物１０が漂流するのを防ぐため、浮体構造物１０は外側浮体２２の下端に連結したカテナリー係留索２６によってカテナリー式で海底２８に係留してある。   In order to prevent the floating structure 10 from drifting, the floating structure 10 is moored on the sea floor 28 in a catenary manner by a catenary mooring line 26 connected to the lower end of the outer floating body 22.

このように、浮体構造物１０としてセミサブ式やＴＬＰ式で用いられる半没水型浮体を使用して波浪による横揺れ・回転を軽減している。   As described above, the semi-submersible floating body used in the semi-sub type or the TLP type is used as the floating body structure 10 to reduce rolling / rotation due to waves.

ところで、浮体式風力発電においては風速によって風荷重が変化すると、その変化によって浮体構造物１０の平均的傾き（定常傾斜）が変化する。そこで、本発明に備わる傾斜調整機構３０により、この定常傾斜をバラストの高さ位置を変化させることによって発電効率のよい傾斜に調整する。   By the way, in the floating wind power generation, when the wind load changes depending on the wind speed, the average inclination (steady inclination) of the floating structure 10 changes due to the change. Therefore, this steady inclination is adjusted to an inclination with good power generation efficiency by changing the height position of the ballast by the inclination adjusting mechanism 30 provided in the present invention.

具体的には、中央浮体１２内部の空間に、浮体構造物１０に作用する鉛直力を調整するためのバラスト３２を上下移動自在に設ける。このバラスト３２の重心ｇは浮体構造物１０の重心Ｇを通る鉛直線上に位置しており、重心ｇの高さ位置はこの線に沿って上下移動可能である。   Specifically, a ballast 32 for adjusting a vertical force acting on the floating structure 10 is provided in the space inside the central floating body 12 so as to be movable up and down. The center of gravity g of the ballast 32 is located on a vertical line passing through the center of gravity G of the floating structure 10, and the height position of the center of gravity g can be moved up and down along this line.

バラスト３２を上下移動させる具体的な手段としては、例えば図示しない揚重機によりケーブル等でバラスト３２を昇降させる構造が考えられる。なお、バラスト３２自体の構造としては、海水や海砂を容器に入れたものや錘等の重量物で構成することができる。   As a specific means for moving the ballast 32 up and down, for example, a structure in which the ballast 32 is moved up and down with a cable or the like by a lifting machine (not shown) can be considered. In addition, as a structure of ballast 32 itself, it can comprise with heavy objects, such as what put seawater and sea sand in the container, and a weight.

上記の傾斜調整機構３０によれば、中央浮体１２内におけるバラスト３２の重心ｇの高さ位置が変わることで、浮体構造物１０の重心Ｇの高さ位置が変わる。すると、浮体構造物１０全体に作用する転倒モーメントＭの作用位置が変化して、その定常傾斜に影響を与える浮体の特性が変わる。   According to the tilt adjustment mechanism 30 described above, the height position of the center of gravity G of the floating structure 10 is changed by changing the height position of the center of gravity g of the ballast 32 in the central floating body 12. Then, the acting position of the overturning moment M acting on the entire floating structure 10 changes, and the characteristics of the floating body that affect the steady inclination change.

例えば、バラスト３２の重心ｇが高い位置にあるときには浮体構造物１０の重心Ｇの位置が高くなるので転倒モーメントＭは大きくなり、反対にバラスト３２の重心ｇが低い位置にあるときには転倒モーメントＭは小さくなる。転倒モーメントＭの大きさを変えることで、浮体構造物１０の定常傾斜の傾斜角θ（水平に対する傾斜角）を変えることができる。   For example, when the center of gravity g of the ballast 32 is at a high position, the position of the center of gravity G of the floating structure 10 is high, so that the overturning moment M is large. Get smaller. By changing the magnitude of the overturning moment M, the inclination angle θ (inclination angle with respect to the horizontal) of the steady inclination of the floating structure 10 can be changed.

また、この傾斜調整機構３０は、風車１６に作用する風荷重に基づいてバラスト３２を上下動するようにしてある。その具体的な手段としては、例えば図示しない風速センサを風車１６に設けておき、この風速センサによる計測風速に基づいて風車１６に作用する風荷重をコンピュータ等で算定する。一方、風荷重に適した浮体構造物１０の傾斜角θを算定テーブル等によりあらかじめ設定させておく。   The inclination adjusting mechanism 30 moves the ballast 32 up and down based on the wind load acting on the wind turbine 16. As specific means, for example, a wind speed sensor (not shown) is provided in the wind turbine 16, and the wind load acting on the wind turbine 16 is calculated by a computer or the like based on the wind speed measured by the wind speed sensor. On the other hand, the inclination angle θ of the floating structure 10 suitable for the wind load is set in advance using a calculation table or the like.

そして、この傾斜調整機構３０は、計測風速に基づく風荷重に適する傾斜角θを上記の算定テーブルを参照して取得し、この傾斜角θにて浮体構造物１０を傾斜させるようにバラスト３２の重心ｇの高さ位置を上下する制御を行う。   And this inclination adjustment mechanism 30 acquires inclination-angle (theta) suitable for the wind load based on a measurement wind speed with reference to said calculation table, and makes ballast 32 incline so that the floating body structure 10 may be inclined by this inclination-angle (theta). Control to raise and lower the height position of the center of gravity g is performed.

ここで、浮体構造物１０の定常傾斜の傾斜角θは、転倒モーメントＭと風荷重を受ける風車１６からの横倒れモーメントとによって決まるが、通常、風荷重は変動的であるため横倒れモーメントは不安定となり、傾斜角θは定まりにくくなる。これに対して本発明の傾斜調整機構３０はバラスト３２を上下させ、風車１６を風に正対させる向きになるように、風車１６からの横倒れモーメントに応じて転倒モーメントＭを調整することで風力発電装置全体の定常傾斜を調整する。   Here, the inclination angle θ of the steady inclination of the floating structure 10 is determined by the overturning moment M and the sideways falling moment from the windmill 16 that receives the wind load. Usually, since the wind load is variable, the sideways falling moment is It becomes unstable and the inclination angle θ becomes difficult to be determined. On the other hand, the tilt adjusting mechanism 30 of the present invention moves the ballast 32 up and down and adjusts the falling moment M according to the sideways falling moment from the windmill 16 so that the windmill 16 faces the wind. Adjust the steady slope of the entire wind turbine generator.

例えば、風荷重が小さい場合にはバラスト３２の重心位置を高くすることによって浮体構造物１０の定常傾斜を大きくし、装置全体として最適な傾斜角θにする。反対に風荷重が大きい場合にはバラスト３２の重心位置を低くすることによって浮体構造物１０の定常傾斜を小さくし、最適な傾斜角を保つようにする。   For example, when the wind load is small, the center of gravity of the ballast 32 is increased so that the steady inclination of the floating structure 10 is increased to obtain the optimum inclination angle θ for the entire apparatus. On the contrary, when the wind load is large, the steady-state inclination of the floating structure 10 is reduced by lowering the position of the center of gravity of the ballast 32 so that the optimum inclination angle is maintained.

このようにして、浮体構造物を含めた装置全体の定常傾斜を風荷重等の風況に適したものとすることができる。また、風車１６を風に正対させることにより、発電効率を向上することができる。   In this way, the steady inclination of the entire apparatus including the floating structure can be made suitable for wind conditions such as wind loads. Moreover, power generation efficiency can be improved by making the windmill 16 face the wind.

特に本発明は、ダウンウィンド方式の風車（図２の右側から風が流入する場合）を搭載する浮体構造物１０に有効である。なおこの場合、風下側に配置されている風車１６の水平面内の向きについては風向と同じ方向に自ら変化できるので、アップウィンド方式の風車のようにヨー制御装置を設ける必要はない。   In particular, the present invention is effective for the floating structure 10 on which a downwind wind turbine (when wind flows in from the right side in FIG. 2) is mounted. In this case, since the direction in the horizontal plane of the windmill 16 arranged on the leeward side can be changed by itself in the same direction as the wind direction, it is not necessary to provide a yaw control device like an upwind windmill.

上記の実施の形態において、バラスト３２を中央浮体１２内部のみに配置した構成で説明したが、本発明はこれに限るものではなく、例えばバラスト３２を外側浮体２２内部に上下移動自在に配置してもよい。そして、バラスト３２の高さ位置を調節することで浮体構造物１０の重心Ｇの高さ位置を変化させるようにしても、浮体構造物１０の傾斜時の釣り合い特性を変化させることができ、上記の実施形態の場合と同一の作用効果を奏することができる。   In the above embodiment, the configuration has been described in which the ballast 32 is disposed only in the central floating body 12, but the present invention is not limited to this, and for example, the ballast 32 is disposed in the outer floating body 22 so as to be movable up and down. Also good. And even if it changes the height position of the gravity center G of the floating structure 10 by adjusting the height position of the ballast 32, the balance characteristic at the time of inclination of the floating structure 10 can be changed. The same effects as those of the embodiment can be obtained.

以上説明したように、本発明によれば、洋上風力発電における水平軸型の風車の基礎として用いられる浮体構造物であって、前記浮体構造物に作用する鉛直力を調整するために前記浮体構造物の内部に設けられるバラストの重心位置を上下方向に変更可能に構成し、前記風車に作用する風荷重に基づいて前記バラストの重心位置を上下方向に変更して前記浮体構造物の傾斜角を調整する傾斜調整機構を備えるので、風車が風に正対するように浮体構造物の傾斜角を風荷重に基づいて調整することにより、風況に適した定常傾斜を実現し、発電効率を向上させることができる。   As described above, according to the present invention, a floating structure used as a foundation of a horizontal axis type windmill in offshore wind power generation, wherein the floating structure is used to adjust a vertical force acting on the floating structure. The center of gravity of the ballast provided inside the object can be changed in the vertical direction, and the center of gravity of the ballast is changed in the vertical direction based on the wind load acting on the windmill so that the inclination angle of the floating structure is increased. Since it has a tilt adjustment mechanism that adjusts, by adjusting the tilt angle of the floating structure based on the wind load so that the windmill faces the wind, it realizes a steady tilt suitable for the wind conditions and improves power generation efficiency be able to.

また、本発明の他の構成によれば、上記構成において、前記傾斜調整機構は、前記風車を風に正対させる向きになるように前記浮体構造物の傾斜角を調整するので、風況に適した定常傾斜を実現し、発電効率を向上させることができる。   According to another configuration of the present invention, in the above configuration, the tilt adjustment mechanism adjusts the tilt angle of the floating structure so that the wind turbine faces the wind. A suitable steady slope can be realized and the power generation efficiency can be improved.

また、本発明の他の構成によれば、上記構成において、前記傾斜調整機構は、風荷重が小さい場合には前記バラストの重心位置を高くすることによって前記浮体構造物の傾斜を大きくし、風荷重が大きい場合には前記バラストの重心位置を低くすることによって前記浮体構造物の傾斜を小さくするので、浮体構造物の最適傾斜角を保つことができる。   According to another configuration of the present invention, in the above configuration, when the wind load is small, the tilt adjustment mechanism increases the tilt of the floating structure by increasing the position of the center of gravity of the ballast. When the load is large, the inclination of the floating structure is reduced by lowering the position of the center of gravity of the ballast, so that the optimum inclination angle of the floating structure can be maintained.

また、本発明の他の構成によれば、上記構成において、前記浮体構造物をダウンウィンド方式の風車の基礎として用いるので、風下側に配置されている風車の水平面内の向きについては風向と同じ方向に自ら変化できるので、ヨー制御装置を設ける必要はない。   According to another configuration of the present invention, in the above configuration, since the floating structure is used as a foundation of a downwind type windmill, the direction in the horizontal plane of the windmill disposed on the leeward side is the same as the wind direction. Since the direction can be changed by itself, there is no need to provide a yaw control device.

また、本発明の他の構成によれば、上記構成において、前記浮体構造物をカテナリー式で係留するカテナリー係留索をさらに備えるので、浮体構造物が漂流するのを防ぐことができる。   In addition, according to another configuration of the present invention, in the above configuration, a catenary mooring line for mooring the floating structure in a catenary manner is further provided, so that the floating structure can be prevented from drifting.

以上のように、本発明に係る洋上風力発電用浮体構造物は、浮体式洋上風力発電システムにおける水平軸型の風車の基礎として洋上に浮かべて用いる浮体構造物に有用であり、特に、風況に適した定常傾斜を実現し、発電効率を向上させるのに適している。   As described above, the floating structure for offshore wind power generation according to the present invention is useful for a floating structure used floating on the ocean as the basis of a horizontal axis type windmill in a floating offshore wind power generation system. It is suitable for improving the power generation efficiency by realizing a steady slope suitable for the power generation.

１０ 洋上風力発電用浮体構造物（浮体構造物）
１２ 中央浮体
１４ タワー
１６ 風車
１８ ナセル
２０ 海水面
２２ 外側浮体
２４ 連結部材
２６ カテナリー係留索
２８ 海底
３０ 傾斜調整機構
３２ バラスト
θ 傾斜角
α チルト角
Ｃ 浮力中心
Ｇ 重心（浮体構造物）
ｇ 重心（バラスト） 10 Floating structure for offshore wind power generation (floating structure)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 12 Central floating body 14 Tower 16 Windmill 18 Nacelle 20 Sea surface 22 Outer floating body 24 Connecting member 26 Catenary mooring line 28 Seabed 30 Inclination adjustment mechanism 32 Ballast θ Inclination angle α Tilt angle C Buoyancy center G Center of gravity (floating structure)
g Center of gravity (ballast)

Claims (5)

洋上風力発電における水平軸型の風車の基礎として用いられる浮体構造物であって、
前記浮体構造物に作用する鉛直力を調整するために前記浮体構造物の内部に設けられるバラストの重心位置を上下方向に変更可能に構成し、前記風車に作用する風荷重に基づいて前記バラストの重心位置を上下方向に変更して前記浮体構造物の傾斜角を調整する傾斜調整機構を備えることを特徴とする洋上風力発電用浮体構造物。 A floating structure used as a foundation for a horizontal axis wind turbine in offshore wind power generation,
In order to adjust the vertical force acting on the floating structure, the center of gravity of the ballast provided inside the floating structure can be changed in the vertical direction, and the ballast is adjusted based on the wind load acting on the windmill. A floating structure for offshore wind power generation, comprising an inclination adjustment mechanism that adjusts the inclination angle of the floating structure by changing the position of the center of gravity in the vertical direction. 前記傾斜調整機構は、前記風車を風に正対させる向きになるように前記浮体構造物の傾斜角を調整することを特徴とする請求項１に記載の洋上風力発電用浮体構造物。   2. The floating structure for offshore wind power generation according to claim 1, wherein the inclination adjusting mechanism adjusts an inclination angle of the floating structure so that the windmill faces a wind. 前記傾斜調整機構は、風荷重が小さい場合には前記バラストの重心位置を高くすることによって前記浮体構造物の傾斜を大きくし、風荷重が大きい場合には前記バラストの重心位置を低くすることによって前記浮体構造物の傾斜を小さくすることを特徴とする請求項１または２に記載の洋上風力発電用浮体構造物。   The inclination adjustment mechanism increases the inclination of the floating structure by increasing the position of the center of gravity of the ballast when the wind load is small, and decreases the position of the center of gravity of the ballast when the wind load is large. The floating structure for offshore wind power generation according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the inclination of the floating structure is reduced. 前記浮体構造物をダウンウィンド方式の風車の基礎として用いることを特徴とする請求項１〜３のいずれか一つに記載の洋上風力発電用浮体構造物。   The floating structure for offshore wind power generation according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the floating structure is used as a foundation of a downwind wind turbine. 前記浮体構造物をカテナリー式で係留するカテナリー係留索をさらに備えることを特徴とする請求項１〜４のいずれか一つに記載の洋上風力発電用浮体構造物。   The floating structure for offshore wind power generation according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising a catenary mooring line for mooring the floating structure in a catenary manner.
JP2013099442A 2013-05-09 2013-05-09 Floating structure for ocean wind power generation Pending JP2014218958A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2013099442A JP2014218958A (en) 2013-05-09 2013-05-09 Floating structure for ocean wind power generation

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2013099442A JP2014218958A (en) 2013-05-09 2013-05-09 Floating structure for ocean wind power generation

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JP2014218958A true JP2014218958A (en) 2014-11-20

Family

ID=51937639

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP2013099442A Pending JP2014218958A (en) 2013-05-09 2013-05-09 Floating structure for ocean wind power generation

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JP2014218958A (en)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9446822B2 (en) 2008-04-23 2016-09-20 Principle Power, Inc. Floating wind turbine platform with ballast control and water entrapment plate systems
CN106815771A (en) * 2015-12-02 2017-06-09 中国电力科学研究院 A kind of long-term evaluation method of wind power plant load
US9810204B2 (en) 2010-10-15 2017-11-07 Principle Power, Inc. Floating wind turbine platform structure with optimized transfer of wave and wind loads
US9879654B2 (en) 2013-05-20 2018-01-30 Principle Power, Inc. System and method for controlling offshore floating wind turbine platforms
US9969836B2 (en) 2015-04-21 2018-05-15 Showa Denko K.K. Radical-polymerizable resin composition, curing method thereof, method of producing same, use of radical-polymerizable resin composition, and use method of thereof
KR20190088998A (en) * 2016-11-29 2019-07-29 하이윈드 에이에스 Control System for Floating Wind Turbine Structures
US10421524B2 (en) 2014-10-27 2019-09-24 Principle Power, Inc. Connection system for array cables of disconnectable offshore energy devices
US11225945B2 (en) 2019-05-30 2022-01-18 Principle Power, Inc. Floating wind turbine platform controlled to optimize power production and reduce loading

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2004291702A (en) * 2003-03-26 2004-10-21 Hitachi Zosen Corp Attitude control device of floating body structure
JP2005520088A (en) * 2002-03-08 2005-07-07 オーシャン・ウィンド・エナジー・システムズ・インコーポレイテッド Offshore wind turbines, wind turbines, and wind energy conversion systems
JP2012149531A (en) * 2011-01-17 2012-08-09 Fuji Heavy Ind Ltd Floating wind power generator

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2005520088A (en) * 2002-03-08 2005-07-07 オーシャン・ウィンド・エナジー・システムズ・インコーポレイテッド Offshore wind turbines, wind turbines, and wind energy conversion systems
JP2004291702A (en) * 2003-03-26 2004-10-21 Hitachi Zosen Corp Attitude control device of floating body structure
JP2012149531A (en) * 2011-01-17 2012-08-09 Fuji Heavy Ind Ltd Floating wind power generator

Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9446822B2 (en) 2008-04-23 2016-09-20 Principle Power, Inc. Floating wind turbine platform with ballast control and water entrapment plate systems
US9810204B2 (en) 2010-10-15 2017-11-07 Principle Power, Inc. Floating wind turbine platform structure with optimized transfer of wave and wind loads
US10267293B2 (en) 2013-05-20 2019-04-23 Principle Power, Inc. Methods for controlling floating wind turbine platforms
US9879654B2 (en) 2013-05-20 2018-01-30 Principle Power, Inc. System and method for controlling offshore floating wind turbine platforms
US10858075B2 (en) 2014-10-27 2020-12-08 Principle Power, Inc. Floating electrical connection system for offshore energy devices
US10421524B2 (en) 2014-10-27 2019-09-24 Principle Power, Inc. Connection system for array cables of disconnectable offshore energy devices
US9969836B2 (en) 2015-04-21 2018-05-15 Showa Denko K.K. Radical-polymerizable resin composition, curing method thereof, method of producing same, use of radical-polymerizable resin composition, and use method of thereof
US10174744B2 (en) 2015-06-19 2019-01-08 Principle Power, Inc. Semi-submersible floating wind turbine platform structure with water entrapment plates
CN106815771A (en) * 2015-12-02 2017-06-09 中国电力科学研究院 A kind of long-term evaluation method of wind power plant load
CN106815771B (en) * 2015-12-02 2023-11-03 中国电力科学研究院 Long-term assessment method for wind farm load
KR20190088998A (en) * 2016-11-29 2019-07-29 하이윈드 에이에스 Control System for Floating Wind Turbine Structures
JP2019536936A (en) * 2016-11-29 2019-12-19 ハイウィンド アーエス Floating wind turbine structure control system
US11204018B2 (en) 2016-11-29 2021-12-21 Hywind As Control system for a floating wind turbine structure
JP7023956B2 (en) 2016-11-29 2022-02-22 ハイウィンド アーエス Floating wind turbine structural control system
KR102638423B1 (en) * 2016-11-29 2024-02-19 하이윈드 에이에스 Control system for floating wind turbine structures
US11225945B2 (en) 2019-05-30 2022-01-18 Principle Power, Inc. Floating wind turbine platform controlled to optimize power production and reduce loading

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
JP2014218958A (en) Floating structure for ocean wind power generation
KR101640386B1 (en) Floating structure fluid dynamic force use system and wind-propelled vessel
US10280901B2 (en) Wind power generation system
US9132894B2 (en) Spar-type floating structure
US9938960B2 (en) Wind turbine—floating platform assembly and method for orienting said assembly description
EP2461028A2 (en) A floating offshore wind farm, a floating offshore wind turbine and a method for positioning a floating offshore wind turbine
WO2018095304A1 (en) Movable ballast leveling control device for use in floating wind turbine
US8937395B2 (en) Ocean floor mounting of wave energy converters
EP2080899A1 (en) An offshore wind turbine with a rotor integrated with a floating and rotating foundation
JP6155326B2 (en) Wind turbine on a floating support stabilized by a raised anchoring system
JP6266685B2 (en) Floating fluid power utilization system and wind power propulsion ship using the same
KR101179682B1 (en) Floating offshore wind power generation plant
JP2010520401A (en) Wind power plant and operation method thereof
KR101257425B1 (en) Floating offshore wind power generation plant
JP5543385B2 (en) Floating wind power generator
TW201326543A (en) Bladed wind turbine mounted on a rotating platform
WO2019190387A1 (en) A floating vertical axis wind turbine with peripheral water turbine assemblies and a method of operating such
JP2016182876A (en) Offshore wind power generation device and offshore power generation facility
GB2588124A (en) Floating Wind Turbine
GB2618784A (en) Asymmetric floating wind turbine installation
WO2023079179A1 (en) Renewable energy system mounting apparatus and buoyant platform
CN115539313A (en) Carry on semi-submerged formula hull of marine turbogenerator
KR101201475B1 (en) Floating offshore wind power generation plant
Vijayakumar et al. Hydrodynamic Analysis of Barge Floater with Moonpool for 5 MW Wind Turbine using WAMIT
KR20140058060A (en) Floating offshore wind power generation plant

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
A621 Written request for application examination

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A621

Effective date: 20160325

A977 Report on retrieval

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A971007

Effective date: 20170126

A131 Notification of reasons for refusal

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131

Effective date: 20170131

A02 Decision of refusal

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A02

Effective date: 20170808