EP2414430B1 - Method for producing low-chlorine polybiphenyl sulfone polymers - Google Patents
Method for producing low-chlorine polybiphenyl sulfone polymers Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2414430B1 EP2414430B1 EP10713605.3A EP10713605A EP2414430B1 EP 2414430 B1 EP2414430 B1 EP 2414430B1 EP 10713605 A EP10713605 A EP 10713605A EP 2414430 B1 EP2414430 B1 EP 2414430B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- component
- process according
- polymer
- reaction
- dihydroxybiphenyl
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 title claims description 73
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 title claims description 19
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 19
- 150000003457 sulfones Chemical class 0.000 title claims description 10
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 8
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 85
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 46
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- VCCBEIPGXKNHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N biphenyl-4,4'-diol Chemical group C1=CC(O)=CC=C1C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 VCCBEIPGXKNHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- NEHMKBQYUWJMIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloromethane Chemical group ClC NEHMKBQYUWJMIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000009757 thermoplastic moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- GPAPPPVRLPGFEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-dichlorodiphenyl sulfone Chemical compound C1=CC(Cl)=CC=C1S(=O)(=O)C1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 GPAPPPVRLPGFEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 12
- -1 aliphatic organic halogen compound Chemical class 0.000 claims description 11
- 229940050176 methyl chloride Drugs 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000001348 alkyl chlorides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002492 poly(sulfone) Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000001140 1,4-phenylene group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([*:2])=C([H])C([H])=C1[*:1] 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004696 Poly ether ether ketone Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920012266 Poly(ether sulfone) PES Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004734 Polyphenylene sulfide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002530 polyetherether ketone Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001601 polyetherimide Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000069 polyphenylene sulfide Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 30
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 26
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 19
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 19
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000006068 polycondensation reaction Methods 0.000 description 11
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 235000011181 potassium carbonates Nutrition 0.000 description 11
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000009477 glass transition Effects 0.000 description 9
- 230000000269 nucleophilic effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 9
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 8
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229940072033 potash Drugs 0.000 description 8
- 235000015320 potassium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 7
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 7
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 6
- IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol A Chemical compound C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229920000412 polyarylene Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 5
- IMHDGJOMLMDPJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N biphenyl-2,2'-diol Chemical group OC1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1O IMHDGJOMLMDPJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000013557 residual solvent Substances 0.000 description 4
- QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroquinone Chemical compound OC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 3
- PXKLMJQFEQBVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol F Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=CC=C1CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 PXKLMJQFEQBVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000001309 chloro group Chemical group Cl* 0.000 description 3
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 3
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 3
- GHMLBKRAJCXXBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N resorcinol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC(O)=C1 GHMLBKRAJCXXBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 3
- XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc stearate Chemical class [Zn+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- BOKGTLAJQHTOKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,5-dihydroxynaphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(O)=CC=CC2=C1O BOKGTLAJQHTOKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VXHYVVAUHMGCEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-hydroxyphenoxy)phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1OC1=CC=CC=C1O VXHYVVAUHMGCEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YMTYZTXUZLQUSF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,3'-Dimethylbisphenol A Chemical compound C1=C(O)C(C)=CC(C(C)(C)C=2C=C(C)C(O)=CC=2)=C1 YMTYZTXUZLQUSF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RXNYJUSEXLAVNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-Dihydroxybenzophenone Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=CC=C1C(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 RXNYJUSEXLAVNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VPWNQTHUCYMVMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-sulfonyldiphenol Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=CC=C1S(=O)(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 VPWNQTHUCYMVMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VWGKEVWFBOUAND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-thiodiphenol Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=CC=C1SC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 VWGKEVWFBOUAND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NZGQHKSLKRFZFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(4-hydroxyphenoxy)phenol Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=CC=C1OC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 NZGQHKSLKRFZFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QIOCFZAEFQTCSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-2-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethylphenyl)propan-2-yl]-2,6-dimethylphenol Chemical compound CC1=C(O)C(C)=CC(C(C=2C=C(C)C(O)=C(C)C=2)(C(F)(F)F)C(F)(F)F)=C1 QIOCFZAEFQTCSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RIJJMDOIAILADQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[1-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2,2,4-trimethylcyclohexyl]phenol Chemical compound CC1(C)CC(C)CCC1(C=1C=CC(O)=CC=1)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 RIJJMDOIAILADQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ODJUOZPKKHIEOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[2-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethylphenyl)propan-2-yl]-2,6-dimethylphenol Chemical compound CC1=C(O)C(C)=CC(C(C)(C)C=2C=C(C)C(O)=C(C)C=2)=C1 ODJUOZPKKHIEOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YWFPGFJLYRKYJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9,9-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)fluorene Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=CC=C1C1(C=2C=CC(O)=CC=2)C2=CC=CC=C2C2=CC=CC=C21 YWFPGFJLYRKYJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 2
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000491 Polyphenylsulfone Polymers 0.000 description 2
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000288 alkali metal carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000008041 alkali metal carbonates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- RDOXTESZEPMUJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N anisole Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC=C1 RDOXTESZEPMUJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC=C1 MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000003776 cleavage reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 2
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ether Substances CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011133 lead Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 2
- NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese dioxide Chemical compound O=[Mn]=O NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006082 mold release agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- NXPPAOGUKPJVDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-1,2-diol Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=C(O)C(O)=CC=C21 NXPPAOGUKPJVDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FZZQNEVOYIYFPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-1,6-diol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC2=CC(O)=CC=C21 FZZQNEVOYIYFPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZUVBIBLYOCVYJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-1,7-diol Chemical compound C1=CC=C(O)C2=CC(O)=CC=C21 ZUVBIBLYOCVYJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DFQICHCWIIJABH-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-2,7-diol Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=CC2=CC(O)=CC=C21 DFQICHCWIIJABH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GLDOVTGHNKAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO GLDOVTGHNKAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229960001755 resorcinol Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000007017 scission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfolane Chemical compound O=S1(=O)CCCC1 HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009864 tensile test Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Zn+2] JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- BHHYHSUAOQUXJK-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc fluoride Chemical compound F[Zn]F BHHYHSUAOQUXJK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 150000005207 1,3-dihydroxybenzenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000005208 1,4-dihydroxybenzenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- FRASJONUBLZVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-dioxonaphthalene Natural products C1=CC=C2C(=O)C=CC(=O)C2=C1 FRASJONUBLZVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QXNVGIXVLWOKEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Disodium Chemical class [Na][Na] QXNVGIXVLWOKEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BRDWIEOJOWJCLU-LTGWCKQJSA-N GS-441524 Chemical compound C=1C=C2C(N)=NC=NN2C=1[C@]1(C#N)O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O BRDWIEOJOWJCLU-LTGWCKQJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006057 Non-nutritive feed additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021314 Palmitic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trioxochromium Chemical compound O=[Cr](=O)=O WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012963 UV stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005083 Zinc sulfide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001350 alkyl halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CEGOLXSVJUTHNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium tristearate Chemical compound [Al+3].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O CEGOLXSVJUTHNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- FAWGZAFXDJGWBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony(3+) Chemical compound [Sb+3] FAWGZAFXDJGWBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GHPGOEFPKIHBNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Sb+3].[Sb+3] GHPGOEFPKIHBNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004104 aryloxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000000559 atomic spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012965 benzophenone Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000008366 benzophenones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001565 benzotriazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940106691 bisphenol a Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000003842 bromide salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 1
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- YCIMNLLNPGFGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N catechol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1O YCIMNLLNPGFGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000423 chromium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- IVMYJDGYRUAWML-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt(ii) oxide Chemical compound [Co]=O IVMYJDGYRUAWML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000005205 dihydroxybenzenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- KCIDZIIHRGYJAE-YGFYJFDDSA-L dipotassium;[(2r,3r,4s,5r,6r)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl] phosphate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].OC[C@H]1O[C@H](OP([O-])([O-])=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O KCIDZIIHRGYJAE-YGFYJFDDSA-L 0.000 description 1
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- SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N ferrosoferric oxide Chemical compound O=[Fe]O[Fe]O[Fe]=O SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 1
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- KCNOEZOXGYXXQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N heptatriacontan-19-one Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC KCNOEZOXGYXXQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 150000004694 iodide salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 150000004668 long chain fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000000 metal hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004692 metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- UZKWTJUDCOPSNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methoxybenzene Substances CCCCOC=C UZKWTJUDCOPSNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012778 molding material Substances 0.000 description 1
- WQEPLUUGTLDZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Pentadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O WQEPLUUGTLDZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GOQYKNQRPGWPLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-heptadecyl alcohol Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO GOQYKNQRPGWPLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaerythritol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)CO WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003880 polar aprotic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002798 polar solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000518 rheometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003873 salicylate salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003336 secondary aromatic amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052596 spinel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011029 spinel Substances 0.000 description 1
- YBBRCQOCSYXUOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfuryl dichloride Chemical compound ClS(Cl)(=O)=O YBBRCQOCSYXUOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003568 thioethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003981 vehicle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002087 whitening effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011592 zinc chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000005074 zinc chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052984 zinc sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DRDVZXDWVBGGMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc;sulfide Chemical compound [S-2].[Zn+2] DRDVZXDWVBGGMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G75/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing sulfur with or without nitrogen, oxygen, or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G75/20—Polysulfones
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G75/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing sulfur with or without nitrogen, oxygen, or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G75/20—Polysulfones
- C08G75/23—Polyethersulfones
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G65/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L61/00—Compositions of condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L61/02—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones only
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L65/00—Compositions of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carbon-to-carbon link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L65/02—Polyphenylenes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L79/00—Compositions of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing nitrogen with or without oxygen or carbon only, not provided for in groups C08L61/00 - C08L77/00
- C08L79/04—Polycondensates having nitrogen-containing heterocyclic rings in the main chain; Polyhydrazides; Polyamide acids or similar polyimide precursors
- C08L79/08—Polyimides; Polyester-imides; Polyamide-imides; Polyamide acids or similar polyimide precursors
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L81/00—Compositions of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing sulfur with or without nitrogen, oxygen or carbon only; Compositions of polysulfones; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L81/06—Polysulfones; Polyethersulfones
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a process for the preparation of low-chlorine polybiphenylsulfone polymers, the polybiphenylsulfone polymers obtainable in this way, polybiphenylsulfone polymers containing less than 800 ppm of organically bound chlorine, thermoplastic molding compositions and moldings, fibers, films, membranes or foams the said polybiphenylsulfone polymers and their use for the production of moldings, fibers, films, membranes or foams.
- Polybiphenylsulfone polymers belong to the group of polyarylene ethers, and thus to the class of high-performance thermoplastics. In addition to the high heat resistance, the polybiphenylsulfone polymers have an outstanding notched impact strength and excellent fire behavior, such as described in: EM Koch, H.-M. Walter, Kunststoffe 80 (1990) 1146 ; E. Döring, Kunststoffe 80, (1990) 1149 ; and N. Inchaurondo-Nehm, Kunststoffe 98, (2008) 190 ,
- polybiphenylsulfone polymers The preparation of polybiphenylsulfone polymers is known for example from DE 1957091 and the EP 000361 known.
- the WO 2000/018824 discloses a process for preparing polybiphenylsulfone polymers with a low level of cyclic oligomers.
- the EP 1272547 describes polybiphenylsulfone polymers having a particularly low intrinsic color, obtained by condensation of the monomers 4,4'-dihydroxybiphenyl and 4,4'-dichlorodiphenylsulfone in the presence of finely divided potash.
- the starting materials are usually used in equimolar amounts.
- the content of organically bound chlorine in the polybiphenylsulfone polymers resulting from the known processes is too high for many applications and often does not meet fire protection requirements.
- applications in the field of electronics such.
- switches, housings films are often required chlorine levels of less than 1000 ppm.
- the known polybiphenylsulfone polymers have a high residual solvent content.
- NMP N-methylpyrrolidone
- polybiphenylsulfone polymers known from the prior art have in many cases insufficient elongation at break, notched impact strength in need of improvement, and often poor flow behavior at low shear rates.
- the polybiphenylsulfone polymers of the present invention should not or to a lesser extent have the aforementioned disadvantages. It was a particular object of the present invention to provide a process for the preparation of polybiphenylsulfone polymers having the stated properties, which enables their preparation with good control of the molecular weight.
- the polybiphenylsulfone polymers should have low viscosity at a low shear rate and flow well in a mold.
- the object of the present invention was, moreover, to provide polybiphenylsulfone polymers which have superior mechanical properties, in particular high elongation at break and high notched impact strength, contain a low proportion of polymer-bound chlorine and, moreover, have a reduced residual solvent content compared with the prior art.
- Polybiphenylsulfone polymers containing less than 800 ppm of polymer-bound chlorine are not previously known in the art.
- the present object is achieved by a process for preparing polybiphenylsulfone polymers comprising, according to step (a), the reaction of component (a1) consisting of at least one aromatic dihydroxy compound and (a2) 4,4'-dichlorodiphenyl sulfone, where component (a1) 4,4'-dihydroxybiphenyl and the reaction is carried out with a molar excess of component (a1) in a solvent comprising N-methylpyrrolidone, and by the so available polybiphenylsulfone polymers.
- step (a) the reaction of component (a1) consisting of at least one aromatic dihydroxy compound and (a2) 4,4'-dichlorodiphenyl sulfone, where component (a1) 4,4'-dihydroxybiphenyl and the reaction is carried out with a molar excess of component (a1) in a solvent comprising N-methylpyrrolidone, and by the so available polybiphenylsulfone polymers.
- Polybiphenylsulfone polymer is to be understood as meaning polyarylene ether sulfones which comprise 4,4'-dihydroxybiphenyl as the monomer unit.
- Polybiphenylsulfone itself is also known as polyphenylsulfone, referred to as PPSU, and is composed of the monomer units 4,4'-dichlorodiphenylsulfone and 4,4'-dihydroxybiphenyl.
- the reaction of components (a1) and (a2) into a polybiphenylsulfone polymer is known per se to the person skilled in the art in terms of temperature, solvent and time.
- the reaction of the starting compounds (a1) and (a2) is carried out at a temperature of 80 to 250 ° C, preferably 100 to 220 ° C, wherein the upper limit of the temperature is limited by the boiling point of the solvent.
- the reaction is preferably carried out in a time interval of 2 to 12 hours, in particular from 3 to 8 hours.
- the use of an excess of component (a1) helps to reduce the content of polymer-bound chlorine, especially at high conversions.
- the molar ratio of the components (a1) to (a2) used is from 1.01 to 1.05, preferably from 1.015 to 1.04. This makes it possible to control and control the molecular weight particularly effectively.
- the reaction conditions are to be selected so that the conversion (U) is at least 95%, more preferably at least 98%.
- conversion U is understood to mean the molar fraction of the reactive groups reacted (ie hydroxyl and chlorine groups).
- the end product has a more or less broad molecular weight distribution, optionally including oligomers, the end groups either chlorine or hydroxyl groups, or in the case of the other Reaction alkyl or aryloxy groups, represent and computationally equivalent to the 100% conversion.
- N-methylpyrrolidone Only N-methylpyrrolidone is the most preferred solvent.
- N-methylpyrrolidone contributes to a high conversion of the components (a1) and (a2), since the reaction of the monomers used according to the invention proceeds in a particularly efficient manner.
- Component (a1) preferably contains at least 50, in particular at least 60, particularly preferably at least 80% by weight of 4,4'-dihydroxybiphenyl. Most preferably, component (a1) is 4,4'-dihydroxybiphenyl.
- Solvents useful in the present invention in admixture with N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) are aprotic polar solvents other than NMP. Suitable solvents have a boiling point in the range from 80 to 320.degree. C., in particular from 100 to 280.degree. C., preferably from 150 to 250.degree. Suitable polar aprotic Solvents are, in particular, high-boiling ethers, esters, ketones, asymmetrically halogenated hydrocarbons, anisole, dimethylformamide, dimethyl sulfoxide and sulfolane. However, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) is particularly preferred as a solvent.
- the reaction of components (a1) and (a2) is preferably carried out in the presence of a base (B) in order to increase the reactivity with respect to the halogen substituents of the starting compounds (a2). It is preferable, starting from the abovementioned aromatic dihydroxy compounds (a1), to prepare their dipotassium or disodium salts by addition of a base (B) and to react with component (a1).
- Suitable bases (B) are known to the person skilled in the art. Preferred bases are in particular alkali metal carbonates.
- the bases are anhydrous.
- Suitable bases are in particular anhydrous alkali metal carbonate, preferably sodium, potassium, calcium carbonate or mixtures thereof, with potassium carbonate being very particularly preferred.
- a particularly preferred combination is N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone as solvent and anhydrous potassium carbonate as base.
- step (a) the amount of the polybiphenylsulfone polymer based on the total weight of the mixture of polybiphenylsulfone polymer and solvent from 10 to 70 wt .-%, preferably from 15 to 50 wt. %.
- At least one aromatic organic monochloro compound is added as component (a3) during or after the reaction. It is thought that the aromatic organic monochloro compound acts as a chain regulator. Preferably, the aromatic organic monochloro compound has a similar reactivity in the context of the reaction as the component (a2).
- component (a3) is an aromatic monochlorosulfone, especially monochlorodiphenylsulfone.
- the excess of component (a1) is balanced by the aromatic organic monochloro compound (a3) which contains a chloro group reactive under the conditions of the reaction of components (a1) and (a2).
- the molar amount of component (a3) is preferably selected such that twice the excess of the molar amount of component (a1) over the molar amount of component (a2) relative to the molar amount of component (a3) from 0.98 to 1.02, in particular from 0.99 to 1.01. Accordingly, 2 * ((a1) - (a2)) / (a3) is preferably from 0.98 to 1.02, especially from 0.99 to 1.01, where (a1), (a2) and (a3) reflect the molar amounts of the respective component used.
- the double of the ratio ((a1) - (a2) / (a3)) is preferably 1.
- a reaction with at least one aliphatic organic halogen compound is carried out following step (a) in step (b).
- step (a) a reaction with at least one aliphatic organic halogen compound is carried out following step (a) in step (b).
- Preferred aliphatic organic halogen compounds are alkyl halides, in particular alkyl chlorides with linear or branched alkyl groups having from 1 to 10 carbon atoms, in particular primary alkyl chlorides, more preferably methyl halide, in particular methyl chloride.
- the reaction according to step (b) is preferably carried out at a temperature of 90.degree. To 160.degree. C., in particular from 100.degree. C. to 150.degree.
- the period of time may vary over a long period of time and is usually at least 5 minutes, especially at least 15 minutes.
- the time duration of the reaction according to step (b) is preferably from 15 minutes to 8 hours, in particular from 30 minutes to 4 hours.
- the addition of the aliphatic organic halogen compound can be carried out by various methods.
- the aliphatic organic halogen compound may be stoichiometric or in excess, for example, the excess may be up to 5 times.
- the addition of the aliphatic organic halogen compound is carried out continuously, in particular by continuous feeding as a gas stream.
- step (a) It has proved to be advantageous to carry out a filtration of the polymer solution following step (a) and optionally step (b). As a result, the salt content formed in the polycondensation and any gel body formed is removed.
- polybiphenylsulfone polymers which are obtainable by the process according to the invention and polybiphenylsulfone polymers having a polymer-bound chlorine content of less than 800 ppm, in particular less than 700 ppm.
- the polybiphenylsulfone polymers according to the invention preferably have a polymer-bound chlorine content of less than 800 ppm, in particular less than 750 ppm, more preferably less than 700 ppm.
- the lower limit of the salary For polymer-bound chlorine the process-related amount is usually at least 400 ppm, in particular at least 500 ppm.
- the chlorine content of the available polymer corresponds to the content of chlorine end groups and is determined in the context of the present invention by means of atomic spectroscopy.
- the content of polymer-bound chlorine in the context of the present invention generally refers to the proportion by weight and may alternatively be stated in mg per kg weight of the polymer.
- Polymer compositions obtainable by the process of the present invention most preferably have a polymer bound chlorine content of less than 700 ppm and a residual solvent content of less than 500 ppm.
- the polybiphenylsulfone polymers according to the invention are also distinguished by an elongation at break in the tensile test of more than 50%.
- thermoplastic molding compositions comprising a polybiphenylsulfone polymer according to the invention.
- thermoplastic molding compositions of the present invention may comprise, in addition to the polybiphenylsulfone polymer of the invention, at least one polymer selected from polyarylene ether sulfones (other than the polybiphenylsulfone polymers of the invention), in particular polyethersulfone (PES) and / or polysulfone (PSU), as well as polyetherimides, polyphenylene sulfides, polyetheretherketones, Containing polyimides or poly-p-phenylene.
- polyarylene ether sulfones other than the polybiphenylsulfone polymers of the invention
- PES polyethersulfone
- PSU polysulfone
- the molding compositions according to the invention may contain fillers, in particular fibers, particularly preferably glass fibers.
- fillers are known to the person skilled in the art.
- fillers are used, they are preferably added in an amount of 5 to 150 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of polymer.
- thermoplastic molding compositions may be present in the thermoplastic molding compositions according to the invention.
- These glass fibers can be prepared by methods known to the person skilled in the art and, if appropriate, surface-treated.
- the glass fibers may be provided with a size, such as in DE 10117715 described.
- glass fibers having a diameter of 5 to 15 .mu.m, preferably 7 to 13 .mu.m, more preferably 9 to 11 microns are used.
- the incorporation of the glass fibers can take place both in the form of chopped glass fibers and in the form of endless strands (rovings).
- the length of the usable glass fibers is usually before incorporation as chopped glass fibers into the thermoplastic molding compositions 4 to 5 mm.
- the glass fibers are usually present in an average length of 100 to 400 .mu.m, preferably 200 to 350 .mu.m.
- the molding compositions according to the invention may contain, as further component K, auxiliaries, in particular processing aids, pigments, stabilizers, flame retardants or mixtures of different additives.
- auxiliaries in particular processing aids, pigments, stabilizers, flame retardants or mixtures of different additives.
- Common additives include, for example, oxidation inhibitors, anti-heat and ultraviolet light decomposition agents, lubricants and mold release agents, dyes, and plasticizers.
- the proportion of the other components K in the molding compositions according to the invention is in particular from 0 to 30, preferably from 0 to 20 wt .-%, in particular 0 to 15 wt .-%, based on the total weight of the thermoplastic molding composition.
- the proportion of these stabilizers is usually up to 2% by weight, preferably 0.01 to 1% by weight, in particular 0.01 to 0.5% by weight. %, based on the total weight of the thermoplastic molding composition.
- Pigments and dyes are generally contained in amounts of from 0 to 10, preferably from 0.05 to 7 and in particular from 0.1 to 5 wt .-%, based on the total weight of the thermoplastic molding composition.
- the pigments for coloring thermoplastics are well known, see, for example R. Gumbleter and H. Müller, Taschenbuch der Kunststoffadditive, Carl Hanser Verlag, 1983, pages 494 to 510 .
- the first preferred group of pigments are white pigments, such as zinc oxide, zinc sulfide, lead white [2 PbCO 3 .Pb (OH) 2 ], lithopone, antimony white and titanium dioxide.
- white pigments such as zinc oxide, zinc sulfide, lead white [2 PbCO 3 .Pb (OH) 2 ]
- lithopone a white
- antimony white and titanium dioxide are two most common crystal modifications (rutile and anatase-type) of titanium dioxide.
- the rutile form is used for the whitening of the molding compositions according to the invention.
- Black color pigments which can be used according to the invention are iron oxide black (Fe 3 O 4 ), spinel black [Cu (Cr, Fe) 2 O 4 ], manganese black (mixture of manganese dioxide, silicon dioxide and iron oxide), cobalt black and antimony black, and particularly preferably carbon black, which is usually used in the form of furnace or gas black. See also G. Benzing, Pigments for paints, Expert-Verlag (1988), pages 78 ff ,
- inorganic colored pigments such as chromium oxide green or organic colored pigments, such as azo pigments or phthalocyanines can be used.
- organic colored pigments such as azo pigments or phthalocyanines.
- Such pigments are generally commercially available.
- Oxidation retardants and heat stabilizers which can be added to the thermoplastic compositions according to the invention are, for example, halides of Group I metals of the periodic table, for example sodium, potassium, lithium halides, for example chlorides, bromides or iodides.
- halides of Group I metals of the periodic table for example sodium, potassium, lithium halides, for example chlorides, bromides or iodides.
- zinc fluoride and zinc chloride can be used.
- sterically hindered phenols, hydroquinones, substituted members of this group, secondary aromatic amines, optionally in conjunction with phosphorus-containing acids or their salts, and mixtures of these compounds, preferably in concentrations up to 1 wt .-%, based on the total weight the thermoplastic molding composition can be used.
- UV stabilizers are various substituted resorcinols, salicylates, benzotriazoles and benzophenones, which are generally used in amounts of up to 2% by weight.
- Lubricants and mold release agents which are generally added in amounts of up to 1% by weight, based on the total weight of the thermoplastic molding composition, of stearyl alcohol, stearic acid alkyl esters and amides and esters of pentaerythritol with long-chain fatty acids. It is also possible to use dialkyl ketones, for example distearyl ketone.
- the novel molding materials comprise from 0.1 to 2, preferably from 0.1 to 1.75, particularly preferably from 0.1 to 1.5,% by weight and in particular from 0.1 to 0.9% by weight. (based on the total weight of the thermoplastic molding composition) of stearic acid and / or stearates.
- stearic acid and / or stearates based on the total weight of the thermoplastic molding composition.
- other stearic acid derivatives such as esters of stearic acid can be used.
- Stearic acid is preferably produced by hydrolysis of fats.
- the products thus obtained are usually mixtures of stearic acid and palmitic acid. Therefore, such products have a wide softening range, for example from 50 to 70 ° C, depending on the composition of the product. Preference is given to using products having a stearic acid content of more than 20, particularly preferably more than 25,% by weight. Pure stearic acid (> 98%) can also be used.
- the molding compositions according to the invention may also contain stearates.
- Stearates can either be obtained by reacting corresponding sodium salts with metal salt solutions (for example CaCl 2 , MgCl 2 , aluminum salts) or by direct reaction fatty acid with metal hydroxide (see, for example, Baerlocher Additives, 2005).
- metal salt solutions for example CaCl 2 , MgCl 2 , aluminum salts
- metal hydroxide see, for example, Baerlocher Additives, 2005.
- aluminum tristearate is used.
- thermoplastic molding composition according to the invention The order in which the constituents of the thermoplastic molding composition according to the invention are mixed is arbitrary.
- the molding compositions according to the invention can be prepared by processes known per se, for example extrusion.
- the molding compositions of the invention may e.g. are prepared by mixing the starting components in conventional mixing devices such as screw extruders, preferably twin-screw extruders, Brabender mixers or Banbury mixers and kneaders and then extruded. After extrusion, the extrudate is cooled and comminuted.
- the order of mixing the components can be varied so that two or possibly three components can be premixed, but it is also possible to mix all the components together.
- the molding compositions of the invention are characterized by good flowability, high toughness, especially elongation at break and notched impact strength and by a high surface quality.
- the molding compositions according to the invention are therefore suitable for the production of moldings for household articles, electrical or electronic components and moldings for the vehicle sector.
- novel thermoplastic molding compositions can be advantageously used for the production of moldings, fibers, films, membranes or foams.
- Another object of the present invention are corresponding moldings, fibers, films, membranes or foams containing the thermoplastic molding compositions of the invention.
- the viscosity number of the polybiphenyl sulfones was determined in 1% solution of N-methylpyrrolidone at 25 ° C.
- the resulting products were granulated at a melt temperature of 370 ° C in a twin-screw extruder (ZSK 18).
- the processing to test specimens was carried out at 375 ° C melt temperature and 160 ° C mold temperature.
- the flowability of the products was determined in a capillary rheometer at 380 ° C. The method is for example in " Practical rheology of plastics and elastomers "VDI Verlag 1991, page 234 ff described. The ratio of the viscosity at high (2000 Hz) and low shear rate (50 Hz) was evaluated.
- the monomers used (4,4'-dichlorodiphenylsulfone, 4,4'-dihydroxybiphenyl) had a purity of more than 99.5%.
- the suspension was drained off, the solid components were separated by filtration and the polymer was isolated by precipitation in NMP / water 1/9. After thorough washing with water, the product was dried in vacuo at 120 ° C for 12 h.
- the viscosity number of the product was 110.3 ml / g, the glass transition temperature at 226 ° C. Due to the high melt viscosity, the product could not be granulated.
- the suspension was drained off, the solid components were separated by filtration and the polymer was isolated by precipitation in NMP / water 1/9. After thorough washing with water, the product was dried in vacuo at 120 ° C for 12 h.
- the viscosity number of the product was 115.2 ml / g, the glass transition temperature was 226 ° C. Due to the high melt viscosity, the product could not be granulated.
- the suspension was drained off, the solid components were separated by filtration and the polymer was isolated by precipitation in NMP / water 1/9. After thorough washing with water, the product was dried in vacuo at 120 ° C for 12 h.
- the viscosity number of the product was 58.6 ml / g, the glass transition temperature at 225 ° C.
- the suspension was drained off, the solid components were separated by filtration and the polymer was isolated by precipitation in NMP / water 1/9. After thorough washing with water, the product was dried in vacuo at 120 ° C for 12 h.
- the viscosity number of the product was 82.9 ml / g, the glass transition temperature was 227 ° C.
- the suspension was drained off, the solid components were separated by filtration and the polymer was isolated by precipitation in NMP / water 1/9. After thorough washing with water, the product was dried in vacuo at 120 ° C for 12 h. The viscosity number of the product was 72.8 ml / g, the glass transition temperature at 225 ° C.
- the suspension was drained off, the solid components were separated by filtration and the polymer was isolated by precipitation in NMP / water 1/9. After thorough washing with water, the product was dried in vacuo at 120 ° C for 12 h. The viscosity number of the product was 71.3 ml / g, the glass transition temperature at 225 ° C.
- the suspension was drained off, the solid components were separated by filtration and the polymer was isolated by precipitation in NMP / water 1/9. After thorough washing with water, the product was dried in vacuo at 120 ° C for 12 h.
- the viscosity number of the product was 71.2 ml / g, the glass transition temperature at 225 ° C.
- the suspension was drained off, the solid components were separated by filtration and the polymer was isolated by precipitation in NMP / water 1/9. After thorough washing with water, the product was dried in vacuo at 120 ° C for 12 h.
- the viscosity number of the product was 72.0 ml / g, the glass transition temperature was 225 ° C.
- the suspension was drained off, the solid components were separated by filtration and the polymer was isolated by precipitation in NMP / water 1/9. After thorough washing with water, the product was dried in vacuo at 120 ° C for 12 h.
- the viscosity number of the product was 72.0 ml / g, the glass transition temperature was 225 ° C.
- Table 1 attempt V1 V2 V3 V4 V5 V6 7 8th 9 CI content [ppm] 1400 1370 2200 1450 3050 3150 710 670 560 Solvent content [ppm] nb nb 120 100 110 120 100 60 80 Modulus of elasticity [MPa] - - 2260 2260 2280 2270 2280 2260 2270 Elongation at break [%] - - 33 47 21 22 78 81 76 ISO 179 1eA [kJ / m 2 ] - - 68 67 67 66 71 72 72 ⁇ (50 Hz) / ⁇ (2000 Hz) - - 6.8 5.9 4.8 4.7 3.2 3.1 3.3
- the process according to the invention makes it possible to control the viscosity number over the reaction time (experiments 7 to 9).
- the polybiphenylsulfone polymers according to the invention simultaneously show a low viscosity at a shear rate of 50 Hz in relation to the viscosity at a shear rate of 2000 Hz.
- the polybiphenylsulfone polymers according to the invention have a favorable flow behavior at low shear rates, which is particularly true for shaping in molds is cheap.
- the polybiphenylsulfone polymers according to the invention are also distinguished by a combination of low content of polymer-bound chlorine, a low residual solvent content and an improved elongation at break.
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Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von chlorarmen Polybiphenylsulfon-Polymeren, die so erhältlichen Polybiphenylsulfon-Polymere, Polybiphenylsulfon-Polymere mit einem Gehalt an organisch gebundenem Chlor von weniger als 800 ppm, thermoplastische Formmassen und Formkörper, Fasern, Filme, Membrane oder Schäume enthaltend die genannten Polybiphenylsulfon-Polymere sowie deren Verwendung zur Herstellung von Formkörpern, Fasern, Filmen, Membranen oder Schäumen.The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of low-chlorine polybiphenylsulfone polymers, the polybiphenylsulfone polymers obtainable in this way, polybiphenylsulfone polymers containing less than 800 ppm of organically bound chlorine, thermoplastic molding compositions and moldings, fibers, films, membranes or foams the said polybiphenylsulfone polymers and their use for the production of moldings, fibers, films, membranes or foams.
Polybiphenylsulfon-Polymere gehören zur Gruppe der Polyarylenether, und damit zur Klasse der Hochleistungsthermoplaste. Neben der hohen Wärmeformbeständigkeit weisen die Polybiphenylsulfon-Polymere eine überragende Kerbschlagzähigkeit und exzellentes Brandverhalten auf, wie beispielsweise beschrieben in:
Die Herstellung von Polybiphenylsulfon-Polymeren ist beispielsweise aus der
Im Stand der Technik werden die Edukte üblicherweise in äquimolaren Mengen eingesetzt. Der aus den bekannten Verfahren resultierende Gehalt an organisch gebundenem Chlor in den Polybiphenylsulfon-Polymeren ist jedoch für viele Anwendungen zu hoch und genügt häufig Brandschutzerfordernissen nicht. Für Anwendungen im Bereich der Elektronik wie z. B. Schalter, Gehäuse, Folien werden oft Chlorgehalte von weniger als 1000 ppm gefordert. Zudem weisen die bekannten Polybiphenylsulfon-Polymere einen hohen Restlösungsmittelgehalt auf.In the prior art, the starting materials are usually used in equimolar amounts. However, the content of organically bound chlorine in the polybiphenylsulfone polymers resulting from the known processes is too high for many applications and often does not meet fire protection requirements. For applications in the field of electronics such. As switches, housings, films are often required chlorine levels of less than 1000 ppm. In addition, the known polybiphenylsulfone polymers have a high residual solvent content.
Die Umsetzung der oben genannten Monomere in N-Methylpyrrolidon (NMP) als Lösungsmittel ist an sich ebenfalls bekannt, beispielsweise aus der
Die oben genannten Monomere weisen in NMP als Lösungsmittel eine außerordentlich hohe Reaktivität auf. Hierdurch ergeben sich bei Verwendung von NMP als Lösungsmittel in vielen Fällen Schwierigkeiten bei der Kontrolle der Viskositätszahl (VZ), welche den Polymerisationsgrad charakterisiert.The above-mentioned monomers have an extremely high reactivity in NMP as a solvent. As a result, when using NMP as a solvent, many difficulties arise in controlling the viscosity number (VZ), which characterizes the degree of polymerization.
Aus
Die aus dem Stand der Technik bekannten Polybiphenylsulfon-Polymere weisen darüber hinaus eine in vielen Fällen unzureichende Reißdehnung, verbesserungsbedürftige Kerbschlagzähigkeit und ein oft unzureichendes Fließverhalten bei niedrigen Scherraten auf.Moreover, the polybiphenylsulfone polymers known from the prior art have in many cases insufficient elongation at break, notched impact strength in need of improvement, and often poor flow behavior at low shear rates.
Die Polybiphenylsulfon-Polymere der vorliegenden Erfindung sollten die vorgenannten Nachteile nicht oder in geringerem Maße aufweisen. Es war insbesondere eine Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von Polybiphenylsulfon-Polymeren mit den genannten Eigenschaften zur Verfügung zu stellen, welches deren Herstellung bei guter Kontrolle des Molekulargewichts ermöglicht. Die Polybiphenylsulfon-Polymere sollten insbesondere eine niedrige Viskosität bei niedriger Scherrate aufweisen und in einem Formwerkzeug gut fließen.The polybiphenylsulfone polymers of the present invention should not or to a lesser extent have the aforementioned disadvantages. It was a particular object of the present invention to provide a process for the preparation of polybiphenylsulfone polymers having the stated properties, which enables their preparation with good control of the molecular weight. In particular, the polybiphenylsulfone polymers should have low viscosity at a low shear rate and flow well in a mold.
Die Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung bestand darüber hinaus darin, Polybiphenylsulfon-Polymere bereitzustellen, welche überlegene mechanische Eigenschaften, insbesondere eine hohe Reißdehnung und eine hohe Kerbschlagzähigkeit, aufweisen, einen geringen Anteil an polymergebundenem Chlor enthalten und außerdem einen gegenüber dem Stand der Technik reduzierten Restlösungsmittelanteil aufweisen. Polybiphenylsulfon-Polymere mit einem Gehalt von polymergebundenem Chlor von weniger als 800 ppm sind aus dem Stand der Technik bislang nicht bekannt.The object of the present invention was, moreover, to provide polybiphenylsulfone polymers which have superior mechanical properties, in particular high elongation at break and high notched impact strength, contain a low proportion of polymer-bound chlorine and, moreover, have a reduced residual solvent content compared with the prior art. Polybiphenylsulfone polymers containing less than 800 ppm of polymer-bound chlorine are not previously known in the art.
Die vorliegende Aufgabe wird gelöst durch ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von Polybiphenylsulfon-Polymeren umfassend gemäß Schritt (a) die Umsetzung der Komponente (a1) bestehend aus mindestens einer aromatischen Dihydroxyverbindung und (a2) 4,4'-Dichlordiphenylsulfon, wobei die Komponente (a1) 4,4'-Dihydroxybiphenyl umfasst und die Umsetzung mit einem molaren Überschuss der Komponente (a1) in einem Lösungsmittel umfassend N-Methylpyrrolidon durchgeführt wird, sowie durch die so erhältlichen Polybiphenylsulfon-Polymere. Bevorzugte Ausführungsformen sind den Ansprüchen und der folgenden Beschreibung zu entnehmen. Kombinationen bevorzugter Ausführungsformen verlassen den Rahmen der vorliegenden Erfindung nicht. Unter Polybiphenylsulfon-Polymer sollen Polyarylenethersulfone verstanden werden, welche 4,4'-Dihydroxybiphenyl als Monomereinheit umfassen. Polybiphenylsulfon selbst ist auch als Polyphenylsulfon bekannt, wird als PPSU bezeichnet, und ist aus den Monomereinheiten 4,4'-Dichlordiphenylsulfon und 4,4'-Dihydroxybiphenyl aufgebaut.The present object is achieved by a process for preparing polybiphenylsulfone polymers comprising, according to step (a), the reaction of component (a1) consisting of at least one aromatic dihydroxy compound and (a2) 4,4'-dichlorodiphenyl sulfone, where component (a1) 4,4'-dihydroxybiphenyl and the reaction is carried out with a molar excess of component (a1) in a solvent comprising N-methylpyrrolidone, and by the so available polybiphenylsulfone polymers. Preferred embodiments are given in the claims and the following description. Combinations of preferred embodiments do not depart from the scope of the present invention. Polybiphenylsulfone polymer is to be understood as meaning polyarylene ether sulfones which comprise 4,4'-dihydroxybiphenyl as the monomer unit. Polybiphenylsulfone itself is also known as polyphenylsulfone, referred to as PPSU, and is composed of the monomer units 4,4'-dichlorodiphenylsulfone and 4,4'-dihydroxybiphenyl.
Im Rahmen der vorliegenden Erfindung wird zur Charakterisierung der Struktur der Polybiphenylsulfon-Polymere auf die eingesetzten Monomereinheiten Bezug genommen. Es ist für den Fachmann offensichtlich, dass die Monomereinheiten im Polymer in umgesetzter Form vorliegen und dass die Umsetzung der Monomereinheiten durch nucleophile aromatische Polykondensation unter rechnerischer Abspaltung einer Einheit Halogenwasserstoff als Abspaltungsgruppe erfolgt. Folglich ist die Struktur des resultierenden Polymers unabhängig von der genauen Art der Abspaltungsgruppe.In the context of the present invention, reference is made to the characterization of the structure of the polybiphenylsulfone polymers on the monomer units used. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the monomer units in the polymer are in reacted form and that the reaction of the monomer units by nucleophilic aromatic polycondensation is carried out by arithmetic elimination of a unit hydrogen halide as the cleavage group. Consequently, the structure of the resulting polymer is independent of the exact nature of the cleavage group.
Die Umsetzung der Komponenten (a1) und (a2) zu einem Polybiphenylsulfon-Polymer ist dem Fachmann in Bezug auf die Temperatur, das Lösungsmittel und die Zeitdauer an sich bekannt. Die Umsetzung der Ausgangsverbindungen (a1) und (a2) wird bei einer Temperatur von 80 bis 250°C, bevorzugt 100 bis 220°C durchgeführt, wobei die Obergrenze der Temperatur durch den Siedepunkt des Lösungsmittels begrenzt wird. Die Umsetzung erfolgt vorzugsweise in einem Zeitintervall von 2 bis 12 h, insbesondere von 3 bis 8 h.The reaction of components (a1) and (a2) into a polybiphenylsulfone polymer is known per se to the person skilled in the art in terms of temperature, solvent and time. The reaction of the starting compounds (a1) and (a2) is carried out at a temperature of 80 to 250 ° C, preferably 100 to 220 ° C, wherein the upper limit of the temperature is limited by the boiling point of the solvent. The reaction is preferably carried out in a time interval of 2 to 12 hours, in particular from 3 to 8 hours.
Die Verwendung eines Überschusses der Komponente (a1) trägt dazu bei, insbesondere bei hohen Umsätzen den Gehalt an polymergebundenem Chlor zu reduzieren. Das molare Verhältnis der eingesetzten Komponenten (a1) zu (a2) beträgt von 1,01 bis 1,05, bevorzugt von 1,015 bis 1,04. Hierdurch lässt sich das Molekulargewicht besonders effektiv steuern und kontrollieren. Für die vorliegende Erfindung sind die Reaktionsbedingungen so zu wählen, dass der Umsatz (U) mindestens 95 %, besonders bevorzugt mindestens 98 % beträgt. Unter Umsatz U wird im Rahmen der vorliegenden Erfindung der molare Anteil der umgesetzten reaktiven Gruppen (d. h. Hydroxy- und Chlorgruppen) verstanden. Das Endprodukt weist eine mehr oder weniger breite Molekulargewichtsverteilung ggf. einschließlich von Oligomeren auf, wobei die Endgruppen entweder Chlor- oder Hydroxygruppen, beziehungsweise im Fall der weiteren Umsetzung Alkyl- oder Aryloxygruppen, darstellen und rechnerisch dem von 100 % abweichenden Umsatz entsprechen.The use of an excess of component (a1) helps to reduce the content of polymer-bound chlorine, especially at high conversions. The molar ratio of the components (a1) to (a2) used is from 1.01 to 1.05, preferably from 1.015 to 1.04. This makes it possible to control and control the molecular weight particularly effectively. For the present invention, the reaction conditions are to be selected so that the conversion (U) is at least 95%, more preferably at least 98%. In the context of the present invention, the term conversion U is understood to mean the molar fraction of the reactive groups reacted (ie hydroxyl and chlorine groups). The end product has a more or less broad molecular weight distribution, optionally including oligomers, the end groups either chlorine or hydroxyl groups, or in the case of the other Reaction alkyl or aryloxy groups, represent and computationally equivalent to the 100% conversion.
Es wurde überraschenderweise gefunden, dass ein besonders niedriger Gehalt an polymergebundenem Chlor gefunden wird, wenn als Lösungsmittel ein solches verwendet wird, das N-Methylpyrrolidon umfasst. Ausschließlich N-Methylpyrrolidon ist als Lösungsmittel ganz besonders bevorzugt. N-Methylpyrrolidon trägt gleichzeitig zu einem hohen Umsatz der Komponenten (a1) und (a2) bei, da die Reaktion der erfindungsgemäß zum Einsatz kommenden Monomere besonders effizient verläuft.It has surprisingly been found that a particularly low content of polymer-bound chlorine is found when the solvent used is one which comprises N-methylpyrrolidone. Only N-methylpyrrolidone is the most preferred solvent. At the same time, N-methylpyrrolidone contributes to a high conversion of the components (a1) and (a2), since the reaction of the monomers used according to the invention proceeds in a particularly efficient manner.
Erfindungsgemäß besteht Komponente (a1) aus mindestens einer aromatischen Dihydroxyverbindung und umfasst 4,4'-Dihydroxybiphenyl. Darüber hinaus kann Komponente (a1) insbesondere folgende Verbindungen umfassen:
- Dihydroxybenzole, insbesondere Hydrochinon und/oder Resorcin;
- Dihydroxynaphthaline, insbesondere 1,5-Dihydroxynaphthalin, 1,6- Dihydroxynaphthalin, 1,7- Dihydroxynaphthalin, und/oder 2,7- Dihydroxynaphthalin;
- Andere Dihydroxybiphenyle als 4,4'-Dihydroxybiphenyl, insbesondere 2,2'-Dihydroxybiphenyl;
- Bisphenylether, insbesondere Bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)ether und Bis(2-hydroxyphenyl)ether;
- Bisphenylpropane, insbesondere 2,2-Bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)propan, 2,2-Bis(3-methyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propan, und/oder 2,2-Bis(3,5-dimethyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propan;
- Bisphenylmethane, insbesondere Bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)methan
- Bisphenylcyclohexane, insbesondere Bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2,2,4-trimethylcyclohexan;
- Bisphenylsulfone, insbesondere Bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)sulfon;
- Bisphenylsulfide, insbesondere Bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)sulfid;
- Bisphenylketone, insbesondere Bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)keton;
- Bisphenylhexafluoropropane, insbesondere 2,2-Bis(3,5-dimethyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)hexafluoropropan; und/oder
- Bisphenylfluorene, insbesondere 9,9-Bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)fluoren.
- Dihydroxybenzenes, especially hydroquinone and / or resorcinol;
- Dihydroxynaphthalenes, especially 1,5-dihydroxynaphthalene, 1,6-dihydroxynaphthalene, 1,7-dihydroxynaphthalene, and / or 2,7-dihydroxynaphthalene;
- Dihydroxybiphenyls other than 4,4'-dihydroxybiphenyl, especially 2,2'-dihydroxybiphenyl;
- Bisphenyl ethers, especially bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) ether and bis (2-hydroxyphenyl) ether;
- Bisphenylpropanes, especially 2,2-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) propane, 2,2-bis (3-methyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propane, and / or 2,2-bis (3,5-dimethyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propane;
- Bisphenylmethanes, especially bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) methane
- Bisphenylcyclohexanes, especially bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) -2,2,4-trimethylcyclohexane;
- Bisphenylsulfones, especially bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) sulfone;
- Bisphenyl sulfides, especially bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) sulfide;
- Bisphenyl ketones, especially bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) ketone;
- Bisphenylhexafluoropropanes, especially 2,2-bis (3,5-dimethyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) hexafluoropropane; and or
- Bisphenylfluorenes, especially 9,9-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) fluorene.
Vorzugsweise enthält die Komponente (a1) mindestens 50, insbesondere mindestens 60, besonders bevorzugt mindestens 80 Gew.-% 4,4'-Dihydroxybiphenyl. Ganz besonders bevorzugt ist die Komponente (a1) 4,4'-Dihydroxybiphenyl.Component (a1) preferably contains at least 50, in particular at least 60, particularly preferably at least 80% by weight of 4,4'-dihydroxybiphenyl. Most preferably, component (a1) is 4,4'-dihydroxybiphenyl.
Im Rahmen der vorliegenden Erfindung in Mischung mit N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidon (NMP) verwendbare Lösungsmittel sind andere aprotische polare Lösungsmittel als NMP. Geeignete Lösungsmittel weisen dabei einen Siedepunkt im Bereich von 80 bis 320°C, insbesondere 100 bis 280°C, bevorzugt von 150 bis 250°C auf. Geeignete polar aprotische Lösungsmittel sind insbesondere hochsiedende Ether, Ester, Ketone, asymmetrisch halogenierte Kohlenwasserstoffe, Anisol, Dimethylformamid, Dimethylsulfoxid und Sulfolan. N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidon (NMP) ist als Lösungsmittel jedoch besonders bevorzugt.Solvents useful in the present invention in admixture with N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) are aprotic polar solvents other than NMP. Suitable solvents have a boiling point in the range from 80 to 320.degree. C., in particular from 100 to 280.degree. C., preferably from 150 to 250.degree. Suitable polar aprotic Solvents are, in particular, high-boiling ethers, esters, ketones, asymmetrically halogenated hydrocarbons, anisole, dimethylformamide, dimethyl sulfoxide and sulfolane. However, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) is particularly preferred as a solvent.
Die Umsetzung der Komponenten (a1) und (a2) erfolgt vorzugsweise in Gegenwart einer Base (B), um die Reaktivität gegenüber den Halogensubstituenten der Ausgangsverbindungen (a2) zu erhöhen. Es ist bevorzugt ausgehend von den vorgenannten aromatischen Dihydroxyverbindungen (a1) durch Zugabe einer Base (B) ihre Dikalium- oder Dinatriumsalze herzustellen und mit der Komponente (a1) zur Reaktion zu bringen. Geeignete Basen (B) sind dem Fachmann bekannt. Bevorzugte Basen sind insbesondere Alkalimetallcarbonate.The reaction of components (a1) and (a2) is preferably carried out in the presence of a base (B) in order to increase the reactivity with respect to the halogen substituents of the starting compounds (a2). It is preferable, starting from the abovementioned aromatic dihydroxy compounds (a1), to prepare their dipotassium or disodium salts by addition of a base (B) and to react with component (a1). Suitable bases (B) are known to the person skilled in the art. Preferred bases are in particular alkali metal carbonates.
Vorzugsweise sind die Basen wasserfrei. Geeignete Basen sind insbesondere wasserfreies Alkalicarbonat, vorzugsweise Natrium-, Kalium-, Calciumcarbonat oder Mischungen davon, wobei Kaliumcarbonat ganz besonders bevorzugt ist. Eine besonders bevorzugte Kombination ist N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidon als Lösungsmittel und wasserfreies Kaliumcarbonat als Base.Preferably, the bases are anhydrous. Suitable bases are in particular anhydrous alkali metal carbonate, preferably sodium, potassium, calcium carbonate or mixtures thereof, with potassium carbonate being very particularly preferred. A particularly preferred combination is N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone as solvent and anhydrous potassium carbonate as base.
Es hat sich zudem als vorteilhaft herausgestellt, im Rahmen von Schritt (a) die Menge des Polybiphenylsulfon-Polymers bezogen auf das Gesamtgewicht der Mischung aus Polybiphenylsulfon-Polymer und Lösungsmittel von 10 bis 70 Gew.-%, vorzugsweise von 15 bis 50 Gew.-% einzustellen.It has also proved to be advantageous, in the context of step (a), the amount of the polybiphenylsulfone polymer based on the total weight of the mixture of polybiphenylsulfone polymer and solvent from 10 to 70 wt .-%, preferably from 15 to 50 wt. %.
In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform wird während oder nach der Umsetzung mindestens eine aromatische organische Monochlorverbindung als Komponente (a3) zugegeben. Es besteht die Vorstellung, dass die aromatische organische Monochlorverbindung als Kettenregler fungiert. Vorzugsweise weist die aromatische organische Monochlorverbindung eine ähnliche Reaktivität im Rahmen der Umsetzung auf wie die Komponente (a2).In a preferred embodiment, at least one aromatic organic monochloro compound is added as component (a3) during or after the reaction. It is thought that the aromatic organic monochloro compound acts as a chain regulator. Preferably, the aromatic organic monochloro compound has a similar reactivity in the context of the reaction as the component (a2).
Vorzugsweise ist die Komponente (a3) ein aromatisches Monochlorsulfon, insbesondere Monochlordiphenylsulfon. In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform wird der Überschuss der Komponente (a1) durch die aromatische organische Monochlorverbindung (a3) ausgeglichen, welche eine unter den Bedingungen der Umsetzung der Komponenten (a1) und (a2) reaktive Chlorgruppe enthält.Preferably, component (a3) is an aromatic monochlorosulfone, especially monochlorodiphenylsulfone. In a preferred embodiment, the excess of component (a1) is balanced by the aromatic organic monochloro compound (a3) which contains a chloro group reactive under the conditions of the reaction of components (a1) and (a2).
Die molare Menge der Komponente (a3) wird vorzugsweise so gewählt, dass das Doppelte des Überschusses der molaren Menge der Komponente (a1) gegenüber der molaren Menge der Komponente (a2) im Verhältnis zur molaren Menge der Komponente (a3) von 0,98 bis 1,02, insbesondere von 0,99 bis 1,01 beträgt. Demgemäß beträgt 2*((a1) - (a2)) / (a3) vorzugsweise von 0,98 bis 1,02, insbesondere von 0,99 bis 1,01, wobei (a1), (a2) und (a3) die eingesetzten molaren Mengen der jeweiligen Komponente widerspiegeln.The molar amount of component (a3) is preferably selected such that twice the excess of the molar amount of component (a1) over the molar amount of component (a2) relative to the molar amount of component (a3) from 0.98 to 1.02, in particular from 0.99 to 1.01. Accordingly, 2 * ((a1) - (a2)) / (a3) is preferably from 0.98 to 1.02, especially from 0.99 to 1.01, where (a1), (a2) and (a3) reflect the molar amounts of the respective component used.
Das Doppelte des Verhältnisses ((a1) - (a2) / (a3)) beträgt dabei vorzugsweise 1.The double of the ratio ((a1) - (a2) / (a3)) is preferably 1.
In einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform, die mit den vorgenannten Ausführungsformen vorteilhaft verknüpft werden kann, erfolgt in Anschluss an Schritt (a) gemäß Schritt (b) eine Umsetzung mit mindestens einer aliphatischen organischen Halogenverbindung. Hierdurch werden reaktive Hydroxy-Endgruppen weiter umgesetzt und so ein Abbau der Polymerkette verhindert.In a further preferred embodiment, which can be advantageously linked to the abovementioned embodiments, a reaction with at least one aliphatic organic halogen compound is carried out following step (a) in step (b). As a result, reactive hydroxy end groups are further reacted, thus preventing degradation of the polymer chain.
Bevorzugte aliphatische organische Halogenverbindungen sind Alkylhalogenide, insbesondere Alkylchloride mit linearen oder verzweigten Alkylgruppen mit von 1 bis 10 Kohlenstoffatomen, insbesondere primäre Alkylchloride, besonders bevorzugt Methylhalogenid, insbesondere Methylchlorid.Preferred aliphatic organic halogen compounds are alkyl halides, in particular alkyl chlorides with linear or branched alkyl groups having from 1 to 10 carbon atoms, in particular primary alkyl chlorides, more preferably methyl halide, in particular methyl chloride.
Die Umsetzung gemäß Schritt (b) wird vorzugsweise bei einer Temperatur von 90° bis 160°C, insbesondere von 100°C bis 150°C durchgeführt. Die Zeitdauer kann über einen weiten Zeitraum variieren und beträgt üblicherweise mindestens 5 Minuten, insbesondere mindestens 15 Minuten. Vorzugsweise beträgt die Zeitdauer der Umsetzung gemäß Schritt (b) von 15 Minuten bis 8 Stunden, insbesondere von 30 Minuten bis 4 Stunden.The reaction according to step (b) is preferably carried out at a temperature of 90.degree. To 160.degree. C., in particular from 100.degree. C. to 150.degree. The period of time may vary over a long period of time and is usually at least 5 minutes, especially at least 15 minutes. The time duration of the reaction according to step (b) is preferably from 15 minutes to 8 hours, in particular from 30 minutes to 4 hours.
Die Zugabe der aliphatischen organischen Halogenverbindung kann über verschiedene Methoden erfolgen. Darüber hinaus kann die aliphatische organische Halogenverbindung stöchiometrisch oder im Überschuss erfolgen, wobei der Überschuss beispielsweise bis zu 5-fach sein kann. In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform erfolgt die Zugabe der aliphatischen organischen Halogenverbindung kontinuierlich, insbesondere durch kontinuierliche Zuführung als Gasstrom.The addition of the aliphatic organic halogen compound can be carried out by various methods. In addition, the aliphatic organic halogen compound may be stoichiometric or in excess, for example, the excess may be up to 5 times. In a preferred embodiment, the addition of the aliphatic organic halogen compound is carried out continuously, in particular by continuous feeding as a gas stream.
Es hat sich als vorteilhaft erwiesen, in Anschluss an Schritt (a) und ggf. Schritt (b) eine Filtration der Polymerlösung durchzuführen. Hierdurch wird der bei der Polykondensation gebildete Salzanteil sowie eventuell gebildete Gelkörper entfernt.It has proved to be advantageous to carry out a filtration of the polymer solution following step (a) and optionally step (b). As a result, the salt content formed in the polycondensation and any gel body formed is removed.
Ein weiterer Gegenstand der vorliegenden Erfindung sind Polybiphenylsulfon-Polymere, welche gemäß dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren erhältlich sind sowie Polybiphenylsulfon-Polymere mit einem Gehalt an polymergebundenem Chlor von weniger als 800 ppm, insbesondere weniger als 700 ppm.Another object of the present invention are polybiphenylsulfone polymers, which are obtainable by the process according to the invention and polybiphenylsulfone polymers having a polymer-bound chlorine content of less than 800 ppm, in particular less than 700 ppm.
Die erfindungsgemäßen Polybiphenylsulfon-Polymere weisen vorzugsweise einen Gehalt an polymergebundenem Chlor von weniger als 800 ppm, insbesondere weniger als 750 ppm, besonders bevorzugt weniger als 700 ppm auf. Die untere Grenze des Gehaltes an polymergebundenem Chlor beträgt verfahrensbedingt üblicherweise mindestens 400 ppm, insbesondere mindestens 500 ppm.The polybiphenylsulfone polymers according to the invention preferably have a polymer-bound chlorine content of less than 800 ppm, in particular less than 750 ppm, more preferably less than 700 ppm. The lower limit of the salary For polymer-bound chlorine, the process-related amount is usually at least 400 ppm, in particular at least 500 ppm.
Der Chlorgehalt des erhältlichen Polymers entspricht dem Gehalt an Chlorendgruppen und wird im Rahmen der vorliegenden Erfindung mittels Atomspektroskopie bestimmt. Der Gehalt an polymergebundenem Chlor bezieht sich im Rahmen der vorliegenden Erfindung grundsätzlich auf den Gewichtsanteil und kann alternativ in mg pro kg Einwaage des Polymers angegeben werden.The chlorine content of the available polymer corresponds to the content of chlorine end groups and is determined in the context of the present invention by means of atomic spectroscopy. The content of polymer-bound chlorine in the context of the present invention generally refers to the proportion by weight and may alternatively be stated in mg per kg weight of the polymer.
Polymerzusammensetzungen, welche nach dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren erhältlich sind, weisen besonders bevorzugt einen Gehalt an polymergebundenem Chlor von weniger als 700 ppm und gleichzeitig einen Anteil an Restlösungsmittel von weniger als 500 ppm auf.Polymer compositions obtainable by the process of the present invention most preferably have a polymer bound chlorine content of less than 700 ppm and a residual solvent content of less than 500 ppm.
Die erfindungsgemäßen Polybiphenylsulfon-Polymere zeichnen sich darüber hinaus durch eine Reißdehnung im Zugversuch von mehr als 50 % aus.The polybiphenylsulfone polymers according to the invention are also distinguished by an elongation at break in the tensile test of more than 50%.
Ein weiterer Gegenstand der vorliegenden Erfindung sind thermoplastische Formmassen enthaltend ein erfindungsgemäßes Polybiphenylsulfon-Polymer.Another object of the present invention are thermoplastic molding compositions comprising a polybiphenylsulfone polymer according to the invention.
Die thermoplastische Formmassen der vorliegenden Erfindung können neben dem erfindungsgemäßen Polybiphenylsulfon-Polymer außerdem mindestens ein Polymer ausgewählt aus Polyarylenethersulfonen (andere als die erfindungsgemäßen Polybiphenylsulfon-Polymere), insbesondere Polyethersulfon (PES) und/oder Polysulfon (PSU), sowie Polyetherimide, Polyphenylensulfiden, Polyetheretherketone, Polyimide oder Poly-p-phenylene enthalten.The thermoplastic molding compositions of the present invention may comprise, in addition to the polybiphenylsulfone polymer of the invention, at least one polymer selected from polyarylene ether sulfones (other than the polybiphenylsulfone polymers of the invention), in particular polyethersulfone (PES) and / or polysulfone (PSU), as well as polyetherimides, polyphenylene sulfides, polyetheretherketones, Containing polyimides or poly-p-phenylene.
Die erfindungsgemäßen Formmassen können darüber hinaus Füllstoffe, insbesondere Fasern, besonders bevorzugt Glasfasern enthalten. Entsprechende Füllstoffe sind dem Fachmann bekannt.In addition, the molding compositions according to the invention may contain fillers, in particular fibers, particularly preferably glass fibers. Corresponding fillers are known to the person skilled in the art.
Sofern Füllstoffe zum Einsatz kommen, dann werden diese vorzugsweise in einer Menge von 5 bis 150 Gewichtsteilen bezogen auf 100 Gewichtsteile Polymer zugegeben.If fillers are used, they are preferably added in an amount of 5 to 150 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of polymer.
In den erfindungsgemäßen thermoplastischen Formmassen können insbesondere alle dem Fachmann bekannten und für den Einsatz in thermoplastischen Formmassen geeigneten Glasfasern vorliegen. Diese Glasfasern können nach dem Fachmann bekannten Verfahren hergestellt und, gegebenenfalls, oberflächenbehandelt werden. Die Glasfasern können zur besseren Verträglichkeit mit dem Matrixmaterial mit einer Schlichte, ausgerüstet sein, wie z.B. in
In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform werden Glasfasern mit einem Durchmesser von 5 bis 15 µm, bevorzugt 7 bis 13 µm, besonders bevorzugt 9 bis 11 µm eingesetzt.In a preferred embodiment, glass fibers having a diameter of 5 to 15 .mu.m, preferably 7 to 13 .mu.m, more preferably 9 to 11 microns are used.
Die Einarbeitung der Glasfasern kann sowohl in Form von Schnittglasfasern als auch in Form von Endlossträngen (Rovings) erfolgen. Die Länge der einsetzbaren Glasfasern beträgt in der Regel vor Einarbeitung als Schnittglasfasern in die thermoplastischen Formmassen typischerweise 4 bis 5 mm. Nach der Verarbeitung der Glasfasern, beispielsweise durch Co-Extrusion, mit den anderen Komponenten liegen die Glasfasern üblicherweise in einer mittleren Länge von 100 bis 400 µm, bevorzugt 200 bis 350 µm vor.The incorporation of the glass fibers can take place both in the form of chopped glass fibers and in the form of endless strands (rovings). The length of the usable glass fibers is usually before incorporation as chopped glass fibers into the thermoplastic molding compositions 4 to 5 mm. After the processing of the glass fibers, for example by coextrusion, with the other components, the glass fibers are usually present in an average length of 100 to 400 .mu.m, preferably 200 to 350 .mu.m.
Die erfindungsgemäßen Formmassen können als weitere Komponente K Hilfsstoffe, insbesondere Verarbeitungshilfsmittel, Pigmente, Stabilisatoren, Flammschutzmittel oder Mischungen unterschiedlicher Additive enthalten. Übliche Zusatzstoffe sind beispielsweise auch Oxidationsverzögerer, Mittel gegen Wärmezersetzung und Zersetzung durch ultraviolettes Licht, Gleit- und Entformungsmittel, Farbstoffe und Weichmacher.The molding compositions according to the invention may contain, as further component K, auxiliaries, in particular processing aids, pigments, stabilizers, flame retardants or mixtures of different additives. Common additives include, for example, oxidation inhibitors, anti-heat and ultraviolet light decomposition agents, lubricants and mold release agents, dyes, and plasticizers.
Der Anteil der weiteren Komponenten K in den erfindungsgemäßen Formmassen beträgt insbesondere von 0 bis zu 30, vorzugsweise von 0 bis zu 20 Gew.-%, insbesondere 0 bis 15 Gew.-%, bezogen auf das Gesamtgewicht der thermoplastischen Formmasse. Im Fall, dass es sich bei der Komponente K um Stabilisatoren handelt, beträgt der Anteil dieser Stabilisatoren üblicherweise bis zu 2 Gew.-%, vorzugsweise 0,01 bis 1 Gew.-%, insbesondere 0,01 bis 0,5 Gew.-%, bezogen auf das Gesamtgewicht der thermoplastischen Formmasse.The proportion of the other components K in the molding compositions according to the invention is in particular from 0 to 30, preferably from 0 to 20 wt .-%, in particular 0 to 15 wt .-%, based on the total weight of the thermoplastic molding composition. In the case where component K is stabilizer, the proportion of these stabilizers is usually up to 2% by weight, preferably 0.01 to 1% by weight, in particular 0.01 to 0.5% by weight. %, based on the total weight of the thermoplastic molding composition.
Pigmente und Farbstoffe sind allgemein in Mengen von 0 bis 10, bevorzugt von 0,05 bis 7 und insbesondere von 0,1 bis 5 Gew.-%, bezogen auf das Gesamtgewicht der thermoplastischen Formmasse enthalten.Pigments and dyes are generally contained in amounts of from 0 to 10, preferably from 0.05 to 7 and in particular from 0.1 to 5 wt .-%, based on the total weight of the thermoplastic molding composition.
Die Pigmente zur Einfärbung von Thermoplasten sind allgemein bekannt, siehe zum Beispiel
Zur Einstellung bestimmter Farbtöne können anorganische Buntpigmente, wie Chromoxidgrün oder organische Buntpigmente, wie Azopigmente oder Phthalocyanine eingesetzt werden. Derartige Pigmente sind allgemein im Handel üblich.To set certain shades, inorganic colored pigments, such as chromium oxide green or organic colored pigments, such as azo pigments or phthalocyanines can be used. Such pigments are generally commercially available.
Oxidationsverzögerer und Wärmestabilisatoren, die den thermoplastischen Massen gemäß der Erfindung zugesetzt werden können, sind zum Beispiel Halogenide von Metallen der Gruppe I des Periodensystems, zum Beispiel Natrium-, Kalium-, Lithium-Halogenide, zum Beispiel Chloride, Bromide oder Iodide. Weiterhin können Zinkfluorid und Zinkchlorid verwendet werden. Ferner sind sterisch gehinderte Phenole, Hydrochinone, substituierte Vertreter dieser Gruppe, sekundäre aromatische Amine, gegebenenfalls in Verbindung mit phosphorhaltigen Säuren bzw. deren Salze, und Mischungen dieser Verbindungen, vorzugsweise in Konzentrationen bis zu 1 Gew.-%, bezogen auf bezogen auf das Gesamtgewicht der thermoplastischen Formmasse, einsetzbar.Oxidation retardants and heat stabilizers which can be added to the thermoplastic compositions according to the invention are, for example, halides of Group I metals of the periodic table, for example sodium, potassium, lithium halides, for example chlorides, bromides or iodides. Furthermore, zinc fluoride and zinc chloride can be used. Further, sterically hindered phenols, hydroquinones, substituted members of this group, secondary aromatic amines, optionally in conjunction with phosphorus-containing acids or their salts, and mixtures of these compounds, preferably in concentrations up to 1 wt .-%, based on the total weight the thermoplastic molding composition, can be used.
Beispiele für UV-Stabilisatoren sind verschiedene substituierte Resorcine, Salicylate, Benzotriazole und Benzophenone, die im Allgemeinen in Mengen bis zu 2 Gew.-% eingesetzt werden.Examples of UV stabilizers are various substituted resorcinols, salicylates, benzotriazoles and benzophenones, which are generally used in amounts of up to 2% by weight.
Gleit- und Entformungsmittel, die in der Regel in Mengen bis zu 1 Gew.-% bezogen auf bezogen auf das Gesamtgewicht der thermoplastischen Formmasse zugesetzt werden, sind Stearylalkohol, Stearinsäurealkylester und -amide sowie Ester des Pentaerythrits mit langkettigen Fettsäuren. Es können auch Dialkylketone, zum Beispiel Distearylketon, eingesetzt werden.Lubricants and mold release agents, which are generally added in amounts of up to 1% by weight, based on the total weight of the thermoplastic molding composition, of stearyl alcohol, stearic acid alkyl esters and amides and esters of pentaerythritol with long-chain fatty acids. It is also possible to use dialkyl ketones, for example distearyl ketone.
Als bevorzugten Bestandteil enthalten die erfindungsgemäßen Formmassen von 0,1 bis 2, bevorzugt 0,1 bis 1,75, besonders bevorzugt 0,1 bis 1,5 Gew.-% und insbesondere von 0,1 bis 0,9 Gew.-% (bezogen auf das Gesamtgewicht der thermoplastischen Formmasse) an Stearinsäure und/oder Stearaten. Im Prinzip können auch andere Stearinsäurederivate wie Ester der Stearinsäure eingesetzt werden.As a preferred constituent, the novel molding materials comprise from 0.1 to 2, preferably from 0.1 to 1.75, particularly preferably from 0.1 to 1.5,% by weight and in particular from 0.1 to 0.9% by weight. (based on the total weight of the thermoplastic molding composition) of stearic acid and / or stearates. In principle, other stearic acid derivatives such as esters of stearic acid can be used.
Stearinsäure wird bevorzugt durch Hydrolyse von Fetten hergestellt. Die dabei erhaltenen Produkte stellen üblicherweise Mischungen aus Stearinsäure und Palmitinsäure dar. Daher haben solche Produkte einen breiten Erweichungsbereich, zum Beispiel von 50 bis 70°C, je nach Zusammensetzung des Produkts. Bevorzugt werden Produkte mit einem Anteil an Stearinsäure von mehr als 20, besonders bevorzugt mehr als 25 Gew.-% verwendet. Es kann auch reine Stearinsäure (> 98 %) verwendet werden.Stearic acid is preferably produced by hydrolysis of fats. The products thus obtained are usually mixtures of stearic acid and palmitic acid. Therefore, such products have a wide softening range, for example from 50 to 70 ° C, depending on the composition of the product. Preference is given to using products having a stearic acid content of more than 20, particularly preferably more than 25,% by weight. Pure stearic acid (> 98%) can also be used.
Des Weiteren können die erfindungsgemäßen Formmassen auch Stearate enthalten. Stearate können entweder durch Umsetzung entsprechender Natriumsalze mit Metallsalzlösungen (zum Beispiel CaCl2, MgCl2, Aluminiumsalzen) oder durch direkte Umsetzung der Fettsäure mit Metallhydroxid hergestellt werden (siehe zum Beispiel Baerlocher Additives, 2005). Bevorzugt wird Aluminiumtristearat verwendet.Furthermore, the molding compositions according to the invention may also contain stearates. Stearates can either be obtained by reacting corresponding sodium salts with metal salt solutions (for example CaCl 2 , MgCl 2 , aluminum salts) or by direct reaction fatty acid with metal hydroxide (see, for example, Baerlocher Additives, 2005). Preferably, aluminum tristearate is used.
Die Reihenfolge, in der die Bestandteile der erfindungsgemäßen thermoplastischen Formmasse gemischt werden, ist beliebig.The order in which the constituents of the thermoplastic molding composition according to the invention are mixed is arbitrary.
Die erfindungsgemäßen Formmassen können nach an sich bekannten Verfahren, beispielsweise Extrusion, hergestellt werden. Die erfindungsgemäßen Formmassen können z.B. hergestellt werden, indem man die Ausgangskomponenten in üblichen Mischvorrichtungen wie Schneckenextrudern, vorzugsweise Zweischneckenextrudern, Brabender-Mischern oder Banbury-Mischern sowie Knetern mischt und anschließend extrudiert. Nach der Extrusion wird das Extrudat abgekühlt und zerkleinert. Die Reihenfolge der Mischung der Komponenten kann variiert werden, so können zwei oder ggf. drei Komponenten vorgemischt werden, es können aber auch alle Komponenten gemeinsam gemischt werden.The molding compositions according to the invention can be prepared by processes known per se, for example extrusion. The molding compositions of the invention may e.g. are prepared by mixing the starting components in conventional mixing devices such as screw extruders, preferably twin-screw extruders, Brabender mixers or Banbury mixers and kneaders and then extruded. After extrusion, the extrudate is cooled and comminuted. The order of mixing the components can be varied so that two or possibly three components can be premixed, but it is also possible to mix all the components together.
Um eine möglichst homogene Durchmischung zu erhalten, ist eine intensive Durchmischung vorteilhaft. Dazu sind im Allgemeinen mittlere Mischzeiten von 0,2 bis 30 Minuten bei Temperaturen von 280 bis 380°C, bevorzugt 290 bis 370°C, erforderlich. Nach der Extrusion wird das Extrudat in der Regel abgekühlt und zerkleinert.In order to obtain the most homogeneous possible mixing, intensive mixing is advantageous. For this purpose, average mixing times of 0.2 to 30 minutes at temperatures of 280 to 380 ° C, preferably 290 to 370 ° C, are generally required. After extrusion, the extrudate is usually cooled and comminuted.
Die erfindungsgemäßen Formmassen zeichnen sich durch gute Fließfähigkeit, hohe Zähigkeit, vor allem Reißdehnung und Kerbschlagzähigkeit und durch eine hohe Oberflächenqualität aus. Die erfindungsgemäßen Formmassen eignen sich daher zur Herstellung von Formteilen für Haushaltsartikel, elektrische oder elektronische Bauteile sowie für Formteile für den Fahrzeugsektor.The molding compositions of the invention are characterized by good flowability, high toughness, especially elongation at break and notched impact strength and by a high surface quality. The molding compositions according to the invention are therefore suitable for the production of moldings for household articles, electrical or electronic components and moldings for the vehicle sector.
Die erfindungsgemäßen thermoplastischen Formmassen können vorteilhaft zur Herstellung von Formkörpern, Fasern, Filmen, Membranen oder Schäume verwendet werden. Ein weiterer Gegenstand der vorliegenden Erfindung sind entsprechend Formkörpern, Fasern, Filmen, Membranen oder Schäume enthaltend die erfindungsgemäßen thermoplastischen Formmassen.The novel thermoplastic molding compositions can be advantageously used for the production of moldings, fibers, films, membranes or foams. Another object of the present invention are corresponding moldings, fibers, films, membranes or foams containing the thermoplastic molding compositions of the invention.
Die folgenden Beispiele erläutern die Erfindung näher, ohne sie einzuschränken.The following examples illustrate the invention in more detail without limiting it.
Die Viskositätszahl der Polybiphenylsulfone wurde in 1 %iger Lösung von N-Methylpyrrolidon bei 25°C bestimmt.The viscosity number of the polybiphenyl sulfones was determined in 1% solution of N-methylpyrrolidone at 25 ° C.
Die erhaltenen Produkte wurden bei einer Massetemperatur von 370°C in einem Zweischneckenextruder (ZSK 18) granuliert. Die Verarbeitung zu Probekörpern erfolgte bei 375°C Massetemperatur und 160°C Werkzeugtemperatur.The resulting products were granulated at a melt temperature of 370 ° C in a twin-screw extruder (ZSK 18). The processing to test specimens was carried out at 375 ° C melt temperature and 160 ° C mold temperature.
Die Zugversuche wurden nach ISO 527 durchgeführt, die Kerbschlagzähigkeit wurde nach ISO 179 1eA bestimmt.The tensile tests were carried out according to ISO 527, the notched impact strength was determined according to ISO 179 1 eA.
Die Fließfähigkeit der Produkte wurde in einem Kapillarrheometer bei 380°C bestimmt. Die Methode ist beispielsweise in "
Die verwendeten Monomere (4,4'-Dichlordiphenylsulfon, 4,4'-Dihydroxybiphenyl) wiesen eine Reinheit von mehr als 99,5 % auf.The monomers used (4,4'-dichlorodiphenylsulfone, 4,4'-dihydroxybiphenyl) had a purity of more than 99.5%.
Es wurden verschiedene Qualitäten von wasserfreiem K2CO3 eingesetzt. Die mittlere Partikelgröße ist als volumengewichteter Mittelwert des Teilchendurchmessers zu verstehen und wurde mit einem Mastersizer 2000 Partikelmessgerät an einer Suspension der Partikel in einer Mischung aus Chlorbenzol/Sulfolan (60/40 Gewichtsanteil) bestimmt.
- Pottasche A: mittlere Partikelgröße von 61 µm
- Pottasche B: mittlere Partikelgröße von 120 µm.
- Potash A: average particle size of 61 microns
- Potash B: average particle size of 120 μm.
Durch nucleophile aromatische Polykondensation von 287,08 g (1,00 mol) 4,4'-Dichlordiphenylsulfon, 186,21 g (1,00 mol) 4,4'-Dihydroxybiphenyl, unter Einwirkung von 145,12 g (1,05 mol) Kaliumcarbonat (Pottasche A) in 1050 ml NMP wurde ein Polybiphenylsulfon erhalten. Diese Mischung wurde 1 Stunde bei 190°C gehalten. Danach wurde der Ansatz durch Zugabe von 975 ml NMP verdünnt. Die Suspension wurde dann bei 130°C 1 Stunde mit Methylchlorid (15 l/h) umgesetzt. Nach Abkühlen auf 80°C wurde die Suspension abgelassen, die festen Bestandteile wurden durch Filtration abgetrennt und das Polymere durch Fällung in NMP/Wasser 1/9 isoliert. Nach sorgfältigem Waschen mit Wasser wurde das Produkt im Vakuum bei 120°C für 12 h getrocknet. Die Viskositätszahl des Produkts lag bei 110,3 ml/g, die Glastemperatur bei 226°C. Aufgrund der hohen Schmelzeviskosität konnte das Produkt nicht granuliert werden.Nucleophilic aromatic polycondensation of 287.08 g (1.00 mol) of 4,4'-dichlorodiphenylsulfone, 186.21 g (1.00 mol) of 4,4'-dihydroxybiphenyl, under the influence of 145.12 g (1.05 g) mol) Potassium carbonate (potash A) in 1050 ml of NMP, a polybiphenylsulfone was obtained. This mixture was kept at 190 ° C for 1 hour. Thereafter, the batch was diluted by adding 975 ml of NMP. The suspension was then reacted at 130 ° C for 1 hour with methyl chloride (15 l / h). After cooling to 80 ° C, the suspension was drained off, the solid components were separated by filtration and the polymer was isolated by precipitation in NMP / water 1/9. After thorough washing with water, the product was dried in vacuo at 120 ° C for 12 h. The viscosity number of the product was 110.3 ml / g, the glass transition temperature at 226 ° C. Due to the high melt viscosity, the product could not be granulated.
Durch nucleophile aromatische Polykondensation von 287,08 g (1,00 mol) 4,4'-Dichlordiphenylsulfon, 186,21 g (1,00 mol) 4,4'-Dihydroxybiphenyl, unter Einwirkung von 145,12 g (1,05 mol) Kaliumcarbonat (Pottasche A) in 1050 ml NMP wurde ein Polybiphenylsulfon erhalten. Diese Mischung wurde 2 Stunden bei 180°C gehalten. Danach wurde der Ansatz durch Zugabe von 450 ml NMP verdünnt. Die Suspension wurde dann bei 130°C 1 Stunde mit Methylchlorid (15 l/h) umgesetzt. Nach Abkühlen auf 80°C wurde die Suspension abgelassen, die festen Bestandteile wurden durch Filtration abgetrennt und das Polymere durch Fällung in NMP/Wasser 1/9 isoliert. Nach sorgfältigem Waschen mit Wasser wurde das Produkt im Vakuum bei 120°C für 12 h getrocknet. Die Viskositätszahl des Produkts lag bei 115,2 ml/g, die Glastemperatur bei 226°C. Aufgrund der hohen Schmelzeviskosität konnte das Produkt nicht granuliert werden.Nucleophilic aromatic polycondensation of 287.08 g (1.00 mol) of 4,4'-dichlorodiphenylsulfone, 186.21 g (1.00 mol) of 4,4'-dihydroxybiphenyl, under the influence of 145.12 g (1.05 g) mol) Potassium carbonate (potash A) in 1050 ml of NMP, a polybiphenylsulfone was obtained. This mixture was kept at 180 ° C for 2 hours. Thereafter, the batch was diluted by adding 450 ml of NMP. The suspension was then reacted at 130 ° C for 1 hour with methyl chloride (15 l / h). After cooling to 80 ° C, the suspension was drained off, the solid components were separated by filtration and the polymer was isolated by precipitation in NMP / water 1/9. After thorough washing with water, the product was dried in vacuo at 120 ° C for 12 h. The viscosity number of the product was 115.2 ml / g, the glass transition temperature was 226 ° C. Due to the high melt viscosity, the product could not be granulated.
Durch nucleophile aromatische Polykondensation von 287,08g (1,00 mol) 4,4'-Dichlordiphenylsulfon, 186,21 g (1,00 mol) 4,4'-Dihydroxybiphenyl, unter Einwirkung von 143,05 g (1,035 mol) Kaliumcarbonat (Pottasche A) in 1050 ml NMP wurde ein Polybiphenylsulfon erhalten. Diese Mischung wurde 2,16 Stunden bei 190°C gehalten. Danach wurde der Ansatz durch Zugabe von 450 ml NMP verdünnt. Die Suspension wurde dann bei 130°C 1 Stunde mit Methylchlorid (15 l/h) umgesetzt. Nach Abkühlen auf 80°C wurde die Suspension abgelassen, die festen Bestandteile wurden durch Filtration abgetrennt und das Polymere durch Fällung in NMP/Wasser 1/9 isoliert. Nach sorgfältigem Waschen mit Wasser wurde das Produkt im Vakuum bei 120°C für 12 h getrocknet. Die Viskositätszahl des Produkts lag bei 58,6 ml/g, die Glastemperatur bei 225°C.By nucleophilic aromatic polycondensation of 287.08 g (1.00 mol) of 4,4'-dichlorodiphenyl sulfone, 186.21 g (1.00 mol) of 4,4'-dihydroxybiphenyl, under the action of 143.05 g (1.035 mol) of potassium carbonate (Potash A) in 1050 ml of NMP, a polybiphenylsulfone was obtained. This mixture was held at 190 ° C for 2.16 hours. Thereafter, the batch was diluted by adding 450 ml of NMP. The suspension was then reacted at 130 ° C for 1 hour with methyl chloride (15 l / h). After cooling to 80 ° C, the suspension was drained off, the solid components were separated by filtration and the polymer was isolated by precipitation in NMP / water 1/9. After thorough washing with water, the product was dried in vacuo at 120 ° C for 12 h. The viscosity number of the product was 58.6 ml / g, the glass transition temperature at 225 ° C.
Durch nucleophile aromatische Polykondensation von 574,16 g (2,00 mol) 4,4'-Dichlordiphenylsulfon, 372,42 g (2,00 mol) 4,4'-Dihydroxybiphenyl, unter Einwirkung von 280,56 g (2,03 mol) Kaliumcarbonat (Pottasche A) in 2100 ml NMP wurde ein Polybiphenylsulfon erhalten. Diese Mischung wurde 6,25 Stunden bei 180°C gehalten. Danach wurde der Ansatz durch Zugabe von 900 ml NMP verdünnt. Die Suspension wurde dann bei 130°C 1 Stunde mit Methylchlorid (15 l/h) umgesetzt. Nach Abkühlen auf 80°C wurde die Suspension abgelassen, die festen Bestandteile wurden durch Filtration abgetrennt und das Polymere durch Fällung in NMP/Wasser 1/9 isoliert. Nach sorgfältigem Waschen mit Wasser wurde das Produkt im Vakuum bei 120°C für 12 h getrocknet. Die Viskositätszahl des Produkts lag bei 82,9 ml/g, die Glastemperatur bei 227°C.By nucleophilic aromatic polycondensation of 574.16 g (2.00 mol) of 4,4'-dichlorodiphenylsulfone, 372.42 g (2.00 mol) of 4,4'-dihydroxybiphenyl, under the action of 280.56 g (2.03 mol) Potassium carbonate (potash A) in 2100 ml of NMP, a polybiphenylsulfone was obtained. This mixture was kept at 180 ° C for 6.25 hours. Thereafter, the batch was diluted by adding 900 ml of NMP. The suspension was then reacted at 130 ° C for 1 hour with methyl chloride (15 l / h). After cooling to 80 ° C, the suspension was drained off, the solid components were separated by filtration and the polymer was isolated by precipitation in NMP / water 1/9. After thorough washing with water, the product was dried in vacuo at 120 ° C for 12 h. The viscosity number of the product was 82.9 ml / g, the glass transition temperature was 227 ° C.
Durch nucleophile aromatische Polykondensation von 586,75 g (2,044 mol) 4,4'-Dichlordiphenylsulfon, 372,42 g (2,00 mol) 4,4'-Dihydroxybiphenyl, unter Einwirkung von 286,09 g (2,07 mol) Kaliumcarbonat (Pottasche A) in 2100 ml NMP wurde ein Polybiphenylsulfon erhalten. Diese Mischung wurde 6 Stunden bei 180°C gehalten. Danach wurde der Ansatz durch Zugabe von 900 ml NMP verdünnt. Die Suspension wurde dann bei 130°C 1 Stunde mit Methylchlorid (15 l/h) umgesetzt. Nach Abkühlen auf 80°C wurde die Suspension abgelassen, die festen Bestandteile wurden durch Filtration abgetrennt und das Polymere durch Fällung in NMP/Wasser 1/9 isoliert. Nach sorgfältigem Waschen mit Wasser wurde das Produkt im Vakuum bei 120°C für 12 h getrocknet. Die Viskositätszahl des Produkts lag bei 72,8 ml/g, die Glastemperatur bei 225°C.Nucleophilic aromatic polycondensation of 586.75 g (2.044 mol) of 4,4'-dichlorodiphenyl sulfone, 372.42 g (2.00 mol) of 4,4'-dihydroxybiphenyl, under the action of 286.09 g (2.07 mol) Potassium carbonate (potash A) in 2100 ml of NMP was a polybiphenylsulfone obtained. This mixture was kept at 180 ° C for 6 hours. Thereafter, the batch was diluted by adding 900 ml of NMP. The suspension was then reacted at 130 ° C for 1 hour with methyl chloride (15 l / h). After cooling to 80 ° C, the suspension was drained off, the solid components were separated by filtration and the polymer was isolated by precipitation in NMP / water 1/9. After thorough washing with water, the product was dried in vacuo at 120 ° C for 12 h. The viscosity number of the product was 72.8 ml / g, the glass transition temperature at 225 ° C.
Durch nucleophile aromatische Polykondensation von 586,75 g (2,044 mol) 4,4'-Dichlordiphenylsulfon, 372,42 g (2,00 mol) 4,4'-Dihydroxybiphenyl, unter Einwirkung von 286,09 g (2,07 mol) Kaliumcarbonat (Pottasche A) in 2100 ml NMP wurde ein Polybiphenylsulfon erhalten. Diese Mischung wurde 6 Stunden bei 180°C gehalten. Danach wurde der Ansatz durch Zugabe von 900 ml NMP verdünnt. Die Suspension wurde dann bei 130°C 1 Stunde mit Methylchlorid (15 l/h) umgesetzt. Nach Abkühlen auf 80°C wurde die Suspension abgelassen, die festen Bestandteile wurden durch Filtration abgetrennt und das Polymere durch Fällung in NMP/Wasser 1/9 isoliert. Nach sorgfältigem Waschen mit Wasser wurde das Produkt im Vakuum bei 120°C für 12 h getrocknet. Die Viskositätszahl des Produkts lag bei 71,3 ml/g, die Glastemperatur bei 225°C.Nucleophilic aromatic polycondensation of 586.75 g (2.044 mol) of 4,4'-dichlorodiphenyl sulfone, 372.42 g (2.00 mol) of 4,4'-dihydroxybiphenyl, under the action of 286.09 g (2.07 mol) Potassium carbonate (potash A) in 2100 ml of NMP was a polybiphenylsulfone obtained. This mixture was kept at 180 ° C for 6 hours. Thereafter, the batch was diluted by adding 900 ml of NMP. The suspension was then reacted at 130 ° C for 1 hour with methyl chloride (15 l / h). After cooling to 80 ° C, the suspension was drained off, the solid components were separated by filtration and the polymer was isolated by precipitation in NMP / water 1/9. After thorough washing with water, the product was dried in vacuo at 120 ° C for 12 h. The viscosity number of the product was 71.3 ml / g, the glass transition temperature at 225 ° C.
Durch nucleophile aromatische Polykondensation von 574,16 g (2,00 mol) 4,4'-Dichlordiphenylsulfon, 379,87 g (2,04 mol) 4,4'-Dihydroxybiphenyl, unter Einwirkung von 286,09 g (2,07 mol) Kaliumcarbonat (Pottasche A) in 2100 ml NMP wurde ein Polybiphenylsulfon erhalten. Diese Mischung wurde 6 Stunden bei 190°C gehalten. Danach wurde der Ansatz durch Zugabe von 900 ml NMP verdünnt. Die Suspension wurde dann bei 130°C 1 Stunde mit Methylchlorid (15 l/h) umgesetzt. Nach Abkühlen auf 80°C wurde die Suspension abgelassen, die festen Bestandteile wurden durch Filtration abgetrennt und das Polymere durch Fällung in NMP/Wasser 1/9 isoliert. Nach sorgfältigem Waschen mit Wasser wurde das Produkt im Vakuum bei 120°C für 12 h getrocknet. Die Viskositätszahl des Produkts lag bei 71,2 ml/g, die Glastemperatur bei 225°C.By nucleophilic aromatic polycondensation of 574.16 g (2.00 mol) of 4,4'-dichlorodiphenyl sulfone, 379.87 g (2.04 mol) of 4,4'-dihydroxybiphenyl, under the action of 286.09 g (2.07 mol) Potassium carbonate (potash A) in 2100 ml of NMP, a polybiphenylsulfone was obtained. This mixture was kept at 190 ° C for 6 hours. Thereafter, the batch was diluted by adding 900 ml of NMP. The suspension was then reacted at 130 ° C for 1 hour with methyl chloride (15 l / h). After cooling to 80 ° C, the suspension was drained off, the solid components were separated by filtration and the polymer was isolated by precipitation in NMP / water 1/9. After thorough washing with water, the product was dried in vacuo at 120 ° C for 12 h. The viscosity number of the product was 71.2 ml / g, the glass transition temperature at 225 ° C.
Durch nucleophile aromatische Polykondensation von 574,16 g (2,00 mol) 4,4'-Dichlordiphenylsulfon, 379,87 g (2,04 mol) 4,4'-Dihydroxybiphenyl, unter Einwirkung von 286,09 g (2,07 mol) Kaliumcarbonat (Pottasche A) in 2100 ml NMP wurde ein Polybiphenylsulfon erhalten. Diese Mischung wurde 6 Stunden bei 190°C gehalten. Danach wurde der Ansatz durch Zugabe von 900 ml NMP verdünnt. Die Suspension wurde dann bei 130°C 1 Stunde mit Methylchlorid (15 l/h) umgesetzt. Nach Abkühlen auf 80°C wurde die Suspension abgelassen, die festen Bestandteile wurden durch Filtration abgetrennt und das Polymere durch Fällung in NMP/Wasser 1/9 isoliert. Nach sorgfältigem Waschen mit Wasser wurde das Produkt im Vakuum bei 120°C für 12 h getrocknet. Die Viskositätszahl des Produkts lag bei 72,0 ml/g, die Glastemperatur bei 225°C.By nucleophilic aromatic polycondensation of 574.16 g (2.00 mol) of 4,4'-dichlorodiphenyl sulfone, 379.87 g (2.04 mol) of 4,4'-dihydroxybiphenyl, under the action of 286.09 g (2.07 mol) Potassium carbonate (potash A) in 2100 ml of NMP, a polybiphenylsulfone was obtained. This mixture was kept at 190 ° C for 6 hours. Thereafter, the batch was diluted by adding 900 ml of NMP. The suspension was then reacted at 130 ° C for 1 hour with methyl chloride (15 l / h). After cooling to 80 ° C, the suspension was drained off, the solid components were separated by filtration and the polymer was isolated by precipitation in NMP / water 1/9. After thorough washing with water, the product was dried in vacuo at 120 ° C for 12 h. The viscosity number of the product was 72.0 ml / g, the glass transition temperature was 225 ° C.
Durch nucleophile aromatische Polykondensation von 574,16 g (2,00 mol) 4,4'-Dichlordiphenylsulfon, 379,87 g (2,04 mol) 4,4'-Dihydroxybiphenyl, unter Einwirkung von 286,09 g (2,07 mol) Kaliumcarbonat (Pottasche B) in 2100 ml NMP wurde ein Polybiphenylsulfon erhalten. Diese Mischung wurde 8 Stunden bei 190°C gehalten. Danach wurde der Ansatz durch Zugabe von 900 ml NMP verdünnt. Die Suspension wurde dann bei 130°C 1 Stunde mit Methylchlorid (15 l/h) umgesetzt. Nach Abkühlen auf 80°C wurde die Suspension abgelassen, die festen Bestandteile wurden durch Filtration abgetrennt und das Polymere durch Fällung in NMP/Wasser 1/9 isoliert. Nach sorgfältigem Waschen mit Wasser wurde das Produkt im Vakuum bei 120°C für 12 h getrocknet. Die Viskositätszahl des Produkts lag bei 72,0 ml/g, die Glastemperatur bei 225°C.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren ermöglicht die Kontrolle der Viskositätszahl über die Reaktionszeit (Versuche 7 bis 9). Überraschenderweise zeigen die erfindungsgemäßen Polybiphenylsulfon-Polymere gleichzeitig eine niedrige Viskosität bei einer Scherrate von 50 Hz im Verhältnis zur Viskosität bei einer Scherrate von 2000 Hz. Somit weisen die erfindungsgemäßen Polybiphenylsulfon-Polymere ein günstiges Fließverhalten bei niedrigen Scherraten auf, was insbesondere für die Formgebung in Formwerkzeugen günstig ist.The process according to the invention makes it possible to control the viscosity number over the reaction time (experiments 7 to 9). Surprisingly, the polybiphenylsulfone polymers according to the invention simultaneously show a low viscosity at a shear rate of 50 Hz in relation to the viscosity at a shear rate of 2000 Hz. Thus, the polybiphenylsulfone polymers according to the invention have a favorable flow behavior at low shear rates, which is particularly true for shaping in molds is cheap.
Die erfindungsgemäßen Polybiphenylsulfon-Polymere zeichnen sich außerdem durch eine Kombination aus geringem Gehalt an polymergebundenem Chlor, einem geringen Restlösungsmittelgehalt und einer verbesserten Reißdehnung aus.The polybiphenylsulfone polymers according to the invention are also distinguished by a combination of low content of polymer-bound chlorine, a low residual solvent content and an improved elongation at break.
Claims (16)
- A process for the production of polybiphenyl sulfone polymers comprising according to step (a) the reaction of component (a1) composed of at least one aromatic dihydroxy compound and (a2) 4,4'-dichlorodiphenyl sulfone, where component (a1) comprises 4,4'-dihydroxybiphenyl and the reaction is carried out with a molar excess of component (a1) in a solvent comprising N-methylpyrrolidone, and where the molar ratio of component (a1) to (a2) is from 1.01 to 1.05 and the conversion (U) is at least 95%.
- The process according to claim 1, where component (a1) comprises at least 50% by weight of 4,4'-dihydroxybiphenyl.
- The process according to claims 1 and 2, where component (a1) is 4,4'-dihydroxybiphenyl.
- The process according to claims 1 to 3, where during or after the reaction at least one aromatic organic monochloro compound is added as component (a3).
- The process according to claim 4, where component (a3) is monochlorodiphenyl sulfone.
- The process according to claim 4 or 5, where the product of the ratio ((a1) - (a2)) / (a3) multiplied by two is from 0.98 to 1.02, where (a1), (a2), and (a3) are the molar amounts of components (a1), (a2), and (a3) used.
- The process according to claim 6, where the product when the ratio((a1) - (a2)) / (a3) is multiplied by two is one.
- The process according to claims 1 to 7, where according to step (b), after step (a), a reaction takes place with at least one aliphatic organic halogen compound.
- The process according to claims 1 to 8, where according to step (b), after step (a), a reaction takes place with at least one alkyl chloride.
- The process according to claim 9, where the alkyl chloride is methyl chloride.
- A polybiphenyl sulfone polymer obtainable according to claims 1 to 10.
- A polybiphenyl sulfone polymer according to claim 11 with less than 800 ppm content of organically bonded chlorine.
- A thermoplastic molding composition comprising a polybiphenyl sulfone polymer according to claim 11 or 12.
- The thermoplastic molding composition according to claim 13, further comprising a polymer selected from polyether sulfone (PES), polysulfone (PSU), polyetherimides, polyphenylene sulfides, polyether ether ketones, polyimides, and poly-p-phenylenes.
- The use of the thermoplastic molding compositions according to claim 13 or 14 or of the polybiphenyl sulfone polymers according to claim 11 or 12, for the production of moldings, of fibers, of films, of membranes, or of foams.
- A molding, fiber, film, membrane, or foam comprising polybiphenyl sulfone polymers according to claim 11 or 12.
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US20120088048A1 (en) | 2010-04-01 | 2012-04-12 | Basf Se | Process for producing fiber-reinforced composite materials |
US8703862B2 (en) | 2010-05-26 | 2014-04-22 | Basf Se | Reinforced thermoplastic molding compositions based on polyarylene ethers |
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JP2012522856A (en) | 2012-09-27 |
BRPI1013675A2 (en) | 2019-09-24 |
US20150119485A1 (en) | 2015-04-30 |
US9365680B2 (en) | 2016-06-14 |
EP2414430B2 (en) | 2023-09-13 |
KR20170086142A (en) | 2017-07-25 |
WO2010112508A1 (en) | 2010-10-07 |
CN102365312B (en) | 2015-07-01 |
KR20110138266A (en) | 2011-12-26 |
KR101821534B1 (en) | 2018-01-23 |
US20120029106A1 (en) | 2012-02-02 |
EP2414430A1 (en) | 2012-02-08 |
US9051432B2 (en) | 2015-06-09 |
CN102365312A (en) | 2012-02-29 |
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