EP2406435B1 - Gabions for use in retaining walls - Google Patents

Gabions for use in retaining walls Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2406435B1
EP2406435B1 EP10708553.2A EP10708553A EP2406435B1 EP 2406435 B1 EP2406435 B1 EP 2406435B1 EP 10708553 A EP10708553 A EP 10708553A EP 2406435 B1 EP2406435 B1 EP 2406435B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
gabion
panels
panel
wire mesh
gabions
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Revoked
Application number
EP10708553.2A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2406435A1 (en
Inventor
Thierry Chamoux
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INOXYS SA
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INOXYS SA
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
    • E02D29/02—Retaining or protecting walls
    • E02D29/0208—Gabions
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D31/00—Protective arrangements for foundations or foundation structures; Ground foundation measures for protecting the soil or the subsoil water, e.g. preventing or counteracting oil pollution
    • E02D31/002—Ground foundation measures for protecting the soil or subsoil water, e.g. preventing or counteracting oil pollution
    • E02D31/004—Sealing liners

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a gabion composed of metal mesh panels capable of being assembled to form a box in order to receive a mass of backfill materials such as pebbles, fragments of natural stone, etc ... for the realization of walls , retaining walls, merlons, decorative low walls, noise barriers or any other similar civil engineering works.
  • gabions for the realization of walls, retaining walls, merlons, decorative walls used by landscapers in particular, noise barriers in the field of acoustic screens or the like.
  • These gabions are generally in the form of metal mesh panels, which constitute the vertical walls, the bottom and the lid, said panels being assembled to each other by means of metal spirals. Said gabions usually have a substantially parallelepiped shape; however, they can have any form. These gabions are usually shaped and filled with fill materials such as pebbles, fragments of natural stone, etc ... at the place of their use. However, they can also be pre-assembled and filled with backfill on a construction site and then transported to their place of use. The backfill materials have larger dimensions than mesh sizes of the mesh panels.
  • these gabions comprise a geotextile felt positioned on the inner face of the lattice panels to allow the use of embankment materials whose dimensions are smaller than the mesh size of the mesh panels, but greater than the mesh size of the geotextile felt .
  • the gabion has a parallelepipedal shape and comprises a wire mesh reinforcement to which the desired shape is obtained by folding.
  • the inner wall of the lattice frame metal is covered with a lining, such as a lath of reeds for example, adapted to prevent the passage through the mesh of the wire mesh of materials having a calibration less than that of said meshes.
  • the document US 2008/0264546 also discloses a gabion composed of metal mesh panels welded together in pairs to form a box for receiving a mass of filtering and / or decontaminating materials such as clean sediment, fine silt, sand and materials. ballast such as fragments of natural stone and / or pebbles.
  • the gabion has a parallelepiped pocket obtained in geotextile fabric, that is to say a permeable fabric, in which the filtration materials and the weighting materials are positioned.
  • the geotextile fabric comprises reactive materials for capturing pollutants.
  • gabions In order to remedy these drawbacks, pre-assembled gabions have already been imagined providing rapid installation. This is the case, for example, of the gabions described in the US patents US5,333,970 and US5,472,297 .
  • Said gabions consist of open mesh construction panels connected edge-to-edge pivotable and folded one on the other in the manner of a concertina.
  • the side walls are connected by partition panels, the side walls being pivotable relative to the partition panels.
  • the gabions thus form a structure adapted to be mounted on a construction site by deploying it by means of a flexible rope so that the deployed structure forms a series of gabions capable of being filled with backfill materials.
  • the gabions comprise a geotextile felt secured to the inner face of the panels to allow filling with a material whose dimensions are smaller than the mesh size of the panels.
  • One of the aims of the invention is therefore to overcome these drawbacks by proposing a gabion composed of metal mesh panels of simple design, inexpensive, and allowing a quick and easy assembly either at the place of their use or on a construction site and easy empty handling and / or filled with backfill.
  • a gabion composed of metal mesh panels capable of being assembled to form a box to receive a mass of backfill materials such as pebbles, fragments of natural stone, pieces of wood or the like and / or a mixture of these materials; said gabion is remarkable in that it comprises at least one sealed flexible pouch provided with gripping means and adapted to be introduced between the assembled panels.
  • Said flexible pouch has a substantially parallelepipedal shape comprising a bottom, four lateral vertical walls and at least two handles extending from the upper edge of two opposite side walls.
  • the flexible pouch has an upper wall provided with opening and closing means.
  • said flexible pouch is obtained in a material which is chemically inert and / or resistant to abrasion and / or exhibits resistance to high temperatures.
  • Said flexible pouch is preferably obtained in a material comprising at least one component chosen from the following list: silicone, nitrile, vinyl, plastic, polyurethane, perfluorinated polymer or combinations thereof.
  • said gabion comprises at least three metal mesh panels consisting of horizontal and vertical metal son whose respective free ends are bent to form rings adapted to receive a metal rod to assemble two adjacent panels.
  • Each ring extends in a plane perpendicular to the plane of the panel and the rings of the same edge of a panel are coaxial.
  • said gabion comprises at least four vertical panels assembled in pairs to form a parallelepiped.
  • the wire mesh panels and / or the rod are covered with a chemically inert and / or abrasion resistant and / or high temperature resistant coating layer.
  • Said chemically inert coating layer is obtained in a material comprising at least one component selected from the following list: silicone, nitrile, vinyl, plastic, polyurethane, perfluorinated polymer or combinations thereof.
  • At least two opposing panels have along their respective lower edges at least two U-shaped arches, the ends of the legs of the U being integral with the lower horizontal wire mesh of said panel and said arches extending in the same plane than said panel.
  • each panel comprises along its lower edge three U-shaped arches, a central arch extending in the median portion of said lower edge and two peripheral arches extending on either side of the central arch. near the side edges of the panel.
  • said gabion comprises at least one so-called rigid formwork panel adapted to be secured to the upper end of at least one wire mesh panel in such a way that it extends in the extension of the latter.
  • Said shuttering panel is folded along its lower longitudinal edge to form a wing in which are formed transverse rectangular lights, the rings of the upper free ends of the vertical lattices being adapted to pass through said slots.
  • gabion particularly intended for the realization of civil engineering works such as the realization of merlons, with or without slab, noise barriers, decorative walls, etc. ..;
  • the gabion according to the invention may also be used for the handling of raw or manufactured products without departing from the scope of the invention.
  • the gabion according to the invention consists of four rectangular planar panels 1 in wire mesh.
  • Each vertical wire mesh panel 1 consists of horizontal and vertical metal wires 3 whose respective free ends are bent to form rings 4.
  • Each ring 4 extends in a plane perpendicular to the plane of the panel and the rings 4 of FIG. the same edge of a panel 1 are coaxial.
  • Said rings 4 are able to receive a metal rod 5, of circular section, to assemble two adjacent panels 1.
  • the meshes of the panels 1 in wire mesh have dimensions of 10cm x 10cm or 5cm x 5cm.
  • Said rings 4 are preferably closed and have a generally circular shape and an inner diameter just smaller than the outer diameter of the rod 5.
  • the rings 4 may have any shape and that the rods 5 may have a section of corresponding shape without departing from the scope of the invention.
  • each rod 5 is advantageously bent to form a hook 6 constituting a stop so that, during the assembly of two adjacent panels 1, the hook 6 comes into abutment against the ring 4 of the horizontal rod upper of one of the panels 1 in wire mesh.
  • the gabion according to the invention comprises four vertical panels 1 assembled in pairs, by four rods 5, to form a parallelepiped.
  • said gabion advantageously comprises a sealed flexible pouch 7, called “big bag” provided with gripping means and adapted to be introduced between the panels 1 assembled.
  • Said flexible pouch 7 has a parallelepipedal shape comprising a bottom 8, four lateral vertical walls 9 and four handles 10 extending at the four upper corners of said flexible pouch 7.
  • said flexible pouch 7 may comprise only two handles 10 extending from the upper edge of two opposite lateral vertical walls 9 without departing from the scope of the invention.
  • the flexible bag 7 comprises a top wall 11 formed, e.g., of four flaps 11 a, 11 b, 11 c and 11 d provided with opening and closing means of the bracket type means and complementary fastening means such as buckles and hooks forming a velcro type system (trademark) or any other equivalent means well known to those skilled in the art.
  • the flaps 11 a, 11 b, 11 c and 11 d are folded over the outer face of the panels 1 to facilitate filling of the flexible bag 7, the latter being filled with fill material, such as rollers, fragments of natural stone, etc ..., appropriate according to the destination of the gabion.
  • flaps 11 a, 11 b, 11 c and 11 d may be kept against the outer face of the panels 1 by any suitable means well known to those skilled Occupation, then, when the flexible bag 7 is filled, said flaps 11 a, 11 b, 11 c and 11 d are folded to close it.
  • flaps 11a, 11b, 11c and 11d can not be folded to leave open the flexible pouch according to the destination of the gabion of the invention without departing from the scope of the invention.
  • the flexible pouch 7 may be pierced by any perforating tool to allow drainage according to the embankment materials used and the destination of the gabion.
  • the elements of the gabion according to the invention allows the realization of an assembly of gabions arranged in line to form constituting a wall of protection, a decorative wall, or a retaining wall, etc ...
  • the panels 1 in wire mesh are assembled to each other by rods 5 so that a transverse wire mesh panel 1 separating two adjacent gabions is assembled to two side wire mesh panels 1 by means of a single rod 5.
  • this assembly makes it possible to save wire mesh panels with respect to prior art gabion assemblies.
  • the assembly of the elements of the gabion makes it possible to remove the double transverse walls as well as the bottoms and the lids.
  • the device according to the invention comprises a so-called rigid shuttering panel 12 adapted to be secured to the upper end of at least one panel 1 of wire mesh so that it extends in the extension thereof.
  • Said shuttering panel 12 consists of a rigid sheet metal plate which is folded along its lower longitudinal edge to form a wing 13 in which transverse rectangular lights 14 are formed, the rings 4 of the upper free ends of the vertical metal wires 3 of the 1 panel wire mesh being adapted to be introduced through said slots 14.
  • the shuttering panel 12 is secured to the panel 1 wire mesh by introducing the rings 4 through the lights 14 and then introducing a rod 5, not shown on the figure 4 in said rings 4.
  • the latter are advantageously folded along their upper longitudinal edge to form a second flange 15 extending on the same side as the first flange 13.
  • Said shuttering panels 12 are secured for example to the upper end of the panels 1 in lateral wire mesh forming the periphery of the assembly of gabions in order to allow the realization of a reinforced concrete screed or not, for example the gabions being previously filled with fill material.
  • formwork panels 12 will depend in particular on the height of the concrete screed to achieve, the height of the formwork panels being substantially equal to the height of the screed to achieve.
  • said formwork panels 12 may have a height of 13 cm or 20 cm for example depending on the destination of the book.
  • each wire mesh panel 1 advantageously comprises along its lower edge three U-shaped arches 16, 17a and 17b, a central arch 16 extending in the median portion of said lower edge and two peripheral arches 17a and 17b extending on either side of the central arch 16 near the lateral edges of the wire mesh panel 1, said arches 16, 17a and 17b extending in the same plane as said panel 1.
  • the arches 16, 17a and 17b raise the gabion to allow the passage of lifting means adapted to the handling equipment usually present on civil engineering sites such as the forks of a hoist, each fork being able to pass under the gabion between a peripheral hoop 17 a or 17 b and the central beam 16.
  • At least two opposite wire mesh panels 1 comprise, along their respective lower edges, at least two U-shaped arches, the ends of the branches of the U being integral with the wire. bottom horizontal of said wire mesh panel and said arches extending in the same plane as said panel. Said hoops are spaced apart at a spacing substantially equal to the spacing of the forks of a hoist and they have dimensions adapted to allow the introduction of said forks in the hoops.
  • the panels 1 of wire mesh may have any quadrilateral shape such as a square, a rectangle or a trapezium so to allow the realization of gabions of various forms and varied.
  • an assembly of gabions comprising panels 1 in wire mesh, rectangular, and the wire mesh panels, trapezoid-shaped rectangle, to achieve a slope with an inclined plane.
  • the flexible pouch 7 then has a shape corresponding to the shape of the gabions made and, after filling the gabions with embankment materials, the assembly thus produced is covered with earth for example.
  • the panels 1 and the wire mesh may have any size depending on the destination of the gabions.
  • the wire mesh panels 1 are assembled to form two rows of gabions separated by spacers 1 "made of wire mesh panels of smaller dimensions, said spacers 1" have for example a width of about 30 cm. Said spacers 1 "consist, in the same way as the panels 1 of wire mesh, of horizontal and vertical wires whose respective free ends are bent to form rings.Each ring 4 extends in a plane perpendicular to the plane of the 1 "spacer board and the rings 4 of the same edge of a spacer 1" are coaxial Thus, the spacers are secured to the panels 1 of wire mesh of the gabions by rods 5.
  • Said gabions respectively receive a filled flexible bag embankment materials and the spaces formed between the two rows of gabions and the spacers are filled with concrete, a reinforcement being previously positioned in said spaces to obtain an reinforced concrete.
  • the panels 1 made of wire mesh are assembled to form two rows of stacked gabions, the lower edge of the wire mesh panels 1 of the upper row being secured to the upper edge of the wire mesh panels 1 of the lower row by cooperating rods 5 with the corresponding rings of said panels 1.
  • Some transverse wire mesh panels 1 separating two adjacent gabions are substituted by wire mesh panels 1 'having in their central part at least one formwork element 18.
  • Each formwork element 18 consists of a wire mesh folded to form a U whose branches are secured, for example by welding, to the panels 1 "'so that said formwork element extends substantially from the lower edge to the upper edge of the panel 1"'.
  • each panel 1 ' comprises two formwork elements extending one facing each other, on either side of the panel 1"'.
  • the gabions receive in the same manner as previously flexible bags 7, not shown on the figure 8 filled with backfill materials, and the formwork elements 18 are filled with concrete, a reinforcement being preferably positioned in the formwork elements 18, to obtain reinforced concrete pillars that stiffen and stabilize the structure.
  • the flexible bag 7 is obtained in a material that is chemically inert and / or resistant to abrasion and / or that has resistance to high temperatures, that is to say at temperatures above 30.degree. ° C.
  • said flexible pouch 7 is obtained in a material comprising at least one component chosen from the following list: silicone, nitrile, vinyl, plastic, polyurethane, perfluorinated polymer or combinations thereof.
  • the wire mesh panels 1, 1 ', 1' 'and the spacers 1' 'and / or the rods 5 are covered with a chemically inert and / or abrasion resistant coating layer and / or resistance to high temperatures, that is to say at temperatures above 30 ° C, said chemically inert coating layer being obtained in a material comprising at least one component selected from the following list: silicone, nitrile, vinyl, plastic , polyurethane, perfluorinated polymer or combinations thereof.
  • the gabions according to the invention can be used to achieve on the one hand structures capable of retaining polluted water or chemical effluents and on the other hand structures able to withstand durably in aggressive media.
  • the flexible bags 7 may be obtained from natural and / or synthetic fibers, whether or not woven and coated, and they may advantageously be treated to resist ultraviolet and / or coated with a chemically inert protective layer and / or resistant to abrasion and / or having resistance to high temperatures without departing from the scope of the invention.
  • the latter may advantageously be circled at panel means 1 in wire mesh, the strapping being made a few tens of centimeters of the panels 1 wire mesh gabions, then a backfill material having a better visual appearance, such as round pebbles for example, is introduced between the panels strapping and gabion panels. In this way, the round pebbles obscure the flexible pockets 7 of the gabions significantly improving the visual appearance of the whole and protecting them against UV.
  • UV ultraviolet
  • the panels 1 in wire mesh may have any size depending on the destination of the gabions.
  • the panels 1 in wire mesh can be assembled in pairs by introducing the rings 4 of the ends of the wire 2 of the mesh between the mesh of the lattice of a second panel 1 and introducing a rod 5 into said rings 4.
  • the part unused panel 1 can then be removed using a bolt cutter 19 or the like.
  • structures 1 metal mesh panels having a large modularity of dimensions and shapes, such as arcuate structures for example.
  • each vertical wire mesh panel 1 consists of horizontal and vertical metal wires 3 whose respective free ends are bent to form rings 4.
  • Each ring 4 extends in a plane perpendicular to the plane of the panel and the rings 4 of the same edge of a panel 1 are coaxial. Said rings 4 are able to receive a metal rod 5, of circular section, to assemble two adjacent panels 1.
  • each wire mesh panel 1 may be provided with a rectangular piece of geotextile fabric 20 whose transverse edges, upper and / or lower, are provided with notches 21, the rings 4 of the upper free ends of the vertical metal wires 3 of the 1 panel wire mesh being adapted to be introduced through said notches 21 to maintain the piece of geotextile fabric 20 against the inner wall of the panel 1.
  • the piece of geotextile fabric may comprise notches 21 along one of its edges or its four edges without departing from the scope of the invention.
  • each piece of geotextile fabric 20 comprises transverse flaps, lower 22 and upper 23, provided with notches 21 and longitudinal flaps 24 whose lower and / or upper edge is also provided with at least one notch 21 adapted to receive a ring 4 of the upper free end of a vertical wire 3 of a panel 1 of adjacent wire mesh forming a splitter panel.
  • the longitudinal flaps 24 advantageously comprise flaps 25 adapted to be folded over said flaps 24.
  • the pieces of geotextile fabric 20 are advantageously provided with a reinforcing strip 26 provided with notches 27 extending to the right of the notches 21 made in the geotextile fabric at the level of the lower transverse flaps 23.
  • This reinforcement strip 26 is rigid or semi-rigid preference and stapled or glued on the inner face of the geotextile part 20.
  • This reinforcing strip 26 provides a better seal at the notches 21 of the geotextile part 20 in order to avoid leakage of the filling the gabion.
  • the lower transverse flap 23 caps the upper part of the geotextile fabric part of the lower gabion thus ensuring a seal between the upper and lower gabions.
  • reinforcing strip 26 can also be obtained in a flexible material and fixed by any suitable means well known to those skilled in the art on the inner face of the geotextile fabric part 20 without departing from the scope of the invention.
  • each fringe 23 ' is substantially equal to the spacing between two vertical rods 2 or horizontal 3 of a wire mesh panel 1.
  • each wire mesh panel 1 comprises along at least two adjacent sides, a longitudinal side and a transverse side, a seal 28 consisting of a metal bar of L-shaped cross section of which one of the branches is welded at the ends of the horizontal metal wires 2 and respectively vertical 3, capping the rings 4.
  • seals 28 thus make it possible to produce a wall without voids or holes during the assembly of the various panels 1 when a concrete sail 29 or a hull Composite is made on each panel 1 ( figure 19 ).
  • the metal rod 5 allowing the assembly of two metal mesh panels 1 advantageously comprises at its upper end a clip 30, obtained by folding the metal rod 6, whose circular head 31 has a diameter greater than the diameter of the rings 4 in which rod 5 is introduced during assembly of the panels, and at its lower end a ring 32 whose outer diameter is just smaller than the inner diameter of the rings 4 of the panels 1.
  • the rod 5 comprises bellows 33 obtained by crushing of the rod for example, uniformly distributed along the rod 5.
  • the diameter of these bellows 33 is greater than the diameter of the rod 5 and just below the inner diameter of the rings 4. Furthermore, the spacing of the blisters is substantially equal to the spacing between two horizontal rods 2 or vertical 3 of a wire mesh panel 1.
  • the latter has at its upper end a ring 34, instead of the clip 30, whose outer diameter is greater than the inner diameter of the rings 4 of the wire mesh panels and, at its lower end, a ring 32 of which the outside diameter is just smaller than the inside diameter of the rings 4 of the panels 1.
  • the latter comprises in the same way as previously at its upper end a clip 30, obtained by folding the metal rod 6, whose circular head 31 has a diameter greater than the diameter of the rings 4 in which the rod 5 is introduced during the assembly of the panels, and at its lower end a ring 32 whose outer diameter is just smaller than the inside diameter of the rings 4 of the panels 1.
  • the stem is different from that described on the figure 20 in that the blisters 33 have been substituted by ripples 35.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Revetment (AREA)
  • Pit Excavations, Shoring, Fill Or Stabilisation Of Slopes (AREA)

Description

DOMAINE DE L'INVENTIONFIELD OF THE INVENTION

La présente invention concerne un gabion composé de panneaux de treillis métalliques aptes à être assemblés pour former un caisson en vue de recevoir une masse de matériaux de remblai tels que des galets, des fragments de pierre naturelle, etc...pour la réalisation de murs, de murs de soutènement, de merlons, de murets décoratifs, de murs anti-bruit ou tout autre travaux de génie civile similaires.The present invention relates to a gabion composed of metal mesh panels capable of being assembled to form a box in order to receive a mass of backfill materials such as pebbles, fragments of natural stone, etc ... for the realization of walls , retaining walls, merlons, decorative low walls, noise barriers or any other similar civil engineering works.

ARRIERE PLAN DE L'INVENTIONBACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Il est bien connu des éléments préfabriqués, couramment appelés gabions, pour la réalisation de murs, de murs de soutènement, de merlons, de murets décoratifs utilisés par les paysagistes notamment, de murs antibruit dans le domaine des écrans acoustiques ou similaires.It is well known prefabricated elements, commonly called gabions, for the realization of walls, retaining walls, merlons, decorative walls used by landscapers in particular, noise barriers in the field of acoustic screens or the like.

Ces gabions se présentent généralement sous la forme de panneaux en treillis métalliques, qui constituent les parois verticales, le fond et le couvercle, lesdits panneaux étant assemblés les uns aux autres au moyen de spirales métalliques. Lesdits gabions ont usuellement une forme sensiblement parallélépipédique ; toutefois, ils peuvent avoir une forme quelconque. Ces gabions sont usuellement mis en forme et remplis de matériaux de remblai tels que des galets, des fragments de pierre naturelle, etc... sur le lieu de leur utilisation. Cependant, ils peuvent également être pré-montés et remplis de remblais sur un chantier puis transportés sur leur lieu d'utilisation. Les matériaux de remblais présentent des dimensions supérieures aux dimensions de mailles des panneaux de treillis.These gabions are generally in the form of metal mesh panels, which constitute the vertical walls, the bottom and the lid, said panels being assembled to each other by means of metal spirals. Said gabions usually have a substantially parallelepiped shape; however, they can have any form. These gabions are usually shaped and filled with fill materials such as pebbles, fragments of natural stone, etc ... at the place of their use. However, they can also be pre-assembled and filled with backfill on a construction site and then transported to their place of use. The backfill materials have larger dimensions than mesh sizes of the mesh panels.

Accessoirement, ces gabions comportent un feutre géotextile positionné sur la face intérieure des panneaux de treillis afin de permettre l'utilisation de matériaux de remblais dont les dimensions sont inférieures aux dimensions des mailles des panneaux de treillis, mais supérieures aux dimensions de mailles du feutre géotextile.Incidentally, these gabions comprise a geotextile felt positioned on the inner face of the lattice panels to allow the use of embankment materials whose dimensions are smaller than the mesh size of the mesh panels, but greater than the mesh size of the geotextile felt .

De tels gabions sont décris notamment dans le brevet français FR 788 004 . Le gabion présente une forme parallélépipédique et comporte une armature en treillis métallique auquel la forme désirée est obtenue par pliage. La paroi intérieure de l'armature en treillis métallique est recouverte d'un garnissage, tel qu'un lattis de roseaux par exemple, apte à empêcher le passage à travers les mailles du treillis métallique de matériaux présentant un calibrage inférieur à celui desdites mailles.Such gabions are described in particular in the French patent FR 788,004 . The gabion has a parallelepipedal shape and comprises a wire mesh reinforcement to which the desired shape is obtained by folding. The inner wall of the lattice frame metal is covered with a lining, such as a lath of reeds for example, adapted to prevent the passage through the mesh of the wire mesh of materials having a calibration less than that of said meshes.

Par ailleurs, d'autres gabions similaires sont notamment décrits dans les demandes de brevet français FR 2 862 670 , FR 2 907 480 et FR 2 917 104 , dans la demande de brevet anglais GB 2 334 739 , dans la demande de brevet européen EP 0 197 000 , dans la demande de brevet allemand DE 4032966 et dans les demandes de brevet international WO 9633314 et WO 9012160 notamment.Furthermore, other similar gabions are described in particular in the French patent applications FR 2 862 670 , FR 2 907 480 and FR 2 917 104 in the English patent application GB 2,334,739 in the European patent application EP 0 197 000 in the German patent application DE 4032966 and in international patent applications WO 9633314 and WO 9012160 especially.

Le document US 2008/0264546 décrit également un gabion composé de panneaux en treillis métalliques assemblés deux à deux par soudage pour former un caisson en vue de recevoir une masse de matériaux de filtrage et/ou de décontamination tels que des sédiments propres, du limon fin, du sable et des matériaux de lestage tels que des fragments de pierre naturelle et/ou des galets. Le gabion comporte une poche parallélépipédique obtenue dans du tissu géotextile, c'est-à-dire un tissu perméable, dans lequel sont positionnés les matériaux de filtration et les matériaux de lestage. De préférence, le tissu géotextile comporte des matériaux réactifs afin de capter des polluants.The document US 2008/0264546 also discloses a gabion composed of metal mesh panels welded together in pairs to form a box for receiving a mass of filtering and / or decontaminating materials such as clean sediment, fine silt, sand and materials. ballast such as fragments of natural stone and / or pebbles. The gabion has a parallelepiped pocket obtained in geotextile fabric, that is to say a permeable fabric, in which the filtration materials and the weighting materials are positioned. Preferably, the geotextile fabric comprises reactive materials for capturing pollutants.

Le montage de ce type de gabion est particulièrement long grevant ainsi les coûts de construction des réalisations de génie civile utilisant ces gabions.The assembly of this type of gabion is particularly long thus encumbering the construction costs of civil engineering achievements using these gabions.

Afin de remédier à ces inconvénients, on a déjà imaginé des gabions pré-assemblés procurant une mise en place rapide. C'est le cas par exemple des gabions décrits dans les brevets américains US 5,333,970 et US 5,472,297 . Lesdits gabions sont constitués de panneaux de chantier en treillis ouvert reliés bords à bords en pouvant pivoter et repliés l'un sur l'autre à la manière d'un concertina. Les parois latérales sont reliées par des panneaux de cloison, les parois latérales étant aptes à pivoter par rapport aux panneaux de cloison. Les gabions forment ainsi une structure adaptée pour être montée sur un chantier en la déployant au moyen d'une corde souple de telle manière que la structure déployée forme une série de gabions aptes à être remplis par des matériaux de remblais. De manière avantageuse, les gabions comportent un feutre géotextile solidarisé sur la face intérieure des panneaux afin de permettre un remplissage avec un matériau dont les dimensions sont inférieures aux dimensions des mailles des panneaux.In order to remedy these drawbacks, pre-assembled gabions have already been imagined providing rapid installation. This is the case, for example, of the gabions described in the US patents US5,333,970 and US5,472,297 . Said gabions consist of open mesh construction panels connected edge-to-edge pivotable and folded one on the other in the manner of a concertina. The side walls are connected by partition panels, the side walls being pivotable relative to the partition panels. The gabions thus form a structure adapted to be mounted on a construction site by deploying it by means of a flexible rope so that the deployed structure forms a series of gabions capable of being filled with backfill materials. Advantageously, the gabions comprise a geotextile felt secured to the inner face of the panels to allow filling with a material whose dimensions are smaller than the mesh size of the panels.

Ce type de structure de gabions présentent l'inconvénient, outre d'être particulièrement onéreuse de part la complexité de l'assemblage, de ne pas procurer une modularité suffisante pour réaliser à façon des travaux de génie civile.This type of structure of gabions have the disadvantage, besides being particularly expensive because of the complexity of the assembly, not to provide sufficient modularity to achieve civil engineering works.

BREVE DESCRIPTION DE L'INVENTIONBRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

L'un des buts de l'invention est donc de remédier à ces inconvénients en proposant un gabion composé de panneaux de treillis métalliques de conception simple, peu onéreuse, et permettant un montage rapide et aisé soit sur le lieu de leur utilisation soit sur un chantier ainsi qu'une manutention aisée à vide et/ou rempli de remblai.One of the aims of the invention is therefore to overcome these drawbacks by proposing a gabion composed of metal mesh panels of simple design, inexpensive, and allowing a quick and easy assembly either at the place of their use or on a construction site and easy empty handling and / or filled with backfill.

A cet effet et conformément à l'invention, il est proposé un gabion composé de panneaux en treillis métalliques aptes à être assemblés pour former un caisson en vue de recevoir une masse de matériaux de remblai tels que des galets, des fragments de pierre naturelle, de morceaux de bois ou similaires et/ou d'un mélange de ces matériaux ; ledit gabion est remarquable en ce qu'il comporte au moins une poche souple étanche munie de moyens de préhension et apte à être introduite entre les panneaux assemblés.For this purpose and in accordance with the invention, there is provided a gabion composed of metal mesh panels capable of being assembled to form a box to receive a mass of backfill materials such as pebbles, fragments of natural stone, pieces of wood or the like and / or a mixture of these materials; said gabion is remarkable in that it comprises at least one sealed flexible pouch provided with gripping means and adapted to be introduced between the assembled panels.

Ladite poche souple présente une forme sensiblement parallélépipédique comportant un fond, quatre parois verticales latérales et au moins deux anses s'étendant depuis le bord supérieur de deux parois latérales opposées.Said flexible pouch has a substantially parallelepipedal shape comprising a bottom, four lateral vertical walls and at least two handles extending from the upper edge of two opposite side walls.

Accessoirement, la poche souple comporte une paroi supérieure munie de moyens d'ouverture et de fermeture.Incidentally, the flexible pouch has an upper wall provided with opening and closing means.

De manière particulièrement avantageuse, ladite poche souple est obtenue dans un matériau chimiquement inerte et/ou résistant à l'abrasion et/ou présentant une résistance aux fortes températures.Particularly advantageously, said flexible pouch is obtained in a material which is chemically inert and / or resistant to abrasion and / or exhibits resistance to high temperatures.

Ladite poche souple est, de préférence, obtenue dans un matériau comportant au moins un composant choisi parmi la liste suivante : silicone, nitrile, vinyle, plastique, polyuréthane, polymère perfluoré ou leurs combinaisons.Said flexible pouch is preferably obtained in a material comprising at least one component chosen from the following list: silicone, nitrile, vinyl, plastic, polyurethane, perfluorinated polymer or combinations thereof.

Par ailleurs, ledit gabion comprend au moins trois panneaux en treillis métalliques constitués de fils métalliques horizontaux et verticaux dont les extrémités libres respectives sont recourbées pour former des anneaux aptes à recevoir une tige métallique pour assembler deux panneaux adjacents.Furthermore, said gabion comprises at least three metal mesh panels consisting of horizontal and vertical metal son whose respective free ends are bent to form rings adapted to receive a metal rod to assemble two adjacent panels.

Chaque anneau s'étend dans un plan perpendiculaire au plan du panneau et les anneaux d'un même bord d'un panneau sont coaxiaux.Each ring extends in a plane perpendicular to the plane of the panel and the rings of the same edge of a panel are coaxial.

De préférence, ledit gabion comporte au moins quatre panneaux verticaux assemblés deux à deux pour former un parallélépipède.Preferably, said gabion comprises at least four vertical panels assembled in pairs to form a parallelepiped.

De manière avantageuse, les panneaux en treillis métallique et/ou la tige sont recouverts d'une couche de revêtement chimiquement inerte et/ou résistant à l'abrasion et/ou présentant une résistance aux fortes températures.Advantageously, the wire mesh panels and / or the rod are covered with a chemically inert and / or abrasion resistant and / or high temperature resistant coating layer.

Ladite couche de revêtement chimiquement inerte est obtenue dans un matériau comportant au moins un composant choisi parmi la liste suivante : silicone, nitrile, vinyle, plastique, polyuréthane, polymère perfluoré ou leurs combinaisons.Said chemically inert coating layer is obtained in a material comprising at least one component selected from the following list: silicone, nitrile, vinyl, plastic, polyurethane, perfluorinated polymer or combinations thereof.

Par ailleurs, au moins deux panneaux opposés comportent le long de leurs bords inférieurs respectifs au moins deux arceaux en forme de U, les extrémités des branches du U étant solidaires du treillis métallique horizontal inférieur dudit panneau et lesdits arceaux s'étendant dans le même plan que ledit panneau.Furthermore, at least two opposing panels have along their respective lower edges at least two U-shaped arches, the ends of the legs of the U being integral with the lower horizontal wire mesh of said panel and said arches extending in the same plane than said panel.

De préférence, chaque panneau comporte le long de son bord inférieur trois arceaux en forme de U, un arceau central s'étendant dans la partie médiane dudit bord inférieur et deux arceaux périphériques s'étendant de part et d'autre de l'arceau central à proximité des bords latéraux du panneau.Preferably, each panel comprises along its lower edge three U-shaped arches, a central arch extending in the median portion of said lower edge and two peripheral arches extending on either side of the central arch. near the side edges of the panel.

Accessoirement, ledit gabion comporte au moins un panneau rigide dit de coffrage apte à être solidarisé à l'extrémité supérieure d'au moins un panneau de treillis métallique de telle manière qu'il s'étende dans le prolongement de ce dernier.Incidentally, said gabion comprises at least one so-called rigid formwork panel adapted to be secured to the upper end of at least one wire mesh panel in such a way that it extends in the extension of the latter.

Ledit panneau de coffrage est plié le long de son bord longitudinal inférieur pour former une aile dans laquelle sont formées des lumières rectangulaires transversales, les anneaux des extrémités libres supérieures des treillis verticaux étant aptes à passer à travers lesdites lumières.Said shuttering panel is folded along its lower longitudinal edge to form a wing in which are formed transverse rectangular lights, the rings of the upper free ends of the vertical lattices being adapted to pass through said slots.

BREVE DESCRIPTION DES DESSINSBRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

D'autres avantages et caractéristiques ressortiront mieux de la description qui va suivre de plusieurs variantes d'exécution, données à titre d'exemples non limitatifs, du gabion conforme à l'invention, en référence aux dessins annexés, sur lesquels :

  • la figure 1 est une vue en perspective éclatée d'un gabion conforme à l'invention,
  • la figure 2 est une vue en perspective du gabion suivant l'invention représenté sur la figure 1,
  • la figure 3 est une vue en perspective d'un assemblage de gabions conformes à l'invention,
  • la figure 4 est une vue en perspective d'un assemblage de gabions conformes à l'invention munis de panneaux de coffrage pour la réalisation d'une dalle,
  • la figure 5 est une vue en perspective d'une variante d'exécution du gabion conforme à l'invention,
  • la figure 6 est une vue en perspective d'une autre variante d'exécution du gabion conforme à l'invention
  • la figure 7 est une vue en perspective d'une autre variante d'exécution d'un assemblage de gabions conformes à l'invention particulièrement destiné à la réalisation de structures stabilisées ou de murs antibruit,
  • la figure 8 est une vue en perspective d'une dernière variante d'exécution d'un assemble de gabions conformes à l'invention,
  • la figure 9 est une vue en perspective d'une variante d'exécution du gabion suivant l'invention,
  • la figure 10 est une vue en perspective d'un détail de la variante d'exécution du gabion suivant l'invention représentée sur la figure 9,
  • la figure 11 est une vue en perspective d'une variante d'exécution d'un panneau en treillis métallique du gabion suivant l'invention,
  • la figure 12 est une vue en perspective d'une autre variante d'exécution d'un panneau en treillis métallique du gabion suivant l'invention,
  • la figure 13 est une vue en perspective partielle de gabions obtenus par l'assemblage de panneaux en treillis métallique représentés sur la figure 12,
  • la figure 14 est une vue de dessus schématique des gabions représentés sur la figure 13,
  • la figure 15 est une vue en perspective d'une pièce en tissu géotextile habillant un panneau en treillis métallique du gabion conforme à l'invention,
  • la figure 16 est une vue en élévation d'un empilage de gabions munis de pièces en tissu géotextile représenté sur la figure 15,
  • la figure 17 est une vue en élévation d'un détail de l'empilage de gabions représenté sur la figure 16,
  • la figure 18 est une vue en perspective d'une dernière variante d'exécution d'un panneau en treillis métallique d'un gabion conforme à l'invention,
  • la figure 19 est une vue en coupe de la variante d'exécution d'un panneau en treillis métallique d'un gabion suivant l'invention, tel que représenté sur la figure 18, dans un voile en béton,
  • la figure 20 est une vue de côté d'une variante d'exécution d'une tige métallique permettant l'assemblage de deux panneaux en treillis métalliques adjacents de gabions conformes à l'invention,
  • la figure 21 est une vue de côté de l'assemblage de deux panneaux en treillis métalliques de gabions conformes à l'invention au moyen de la tige métallique représentée sur la figure 20,
  • la figure 22 est une vue de côté d'une variante d'exécution d'une tige métallique permettant l'assemblage de deux panneaux en treillis métalliques adjacents de gabions conformes à l'invention,
  • la figure 23 est une vue de côté d'une autre variante d'exécution d'une tige métallique permettant l'assemblage de deux panneaux en treillis métalliques adjacents de gabions conformes à l'invention.
Other advantages and features will emerge more clearly from the following description of several variant embodiments, given by way of non-limiting examples, of the gabion according to the invention, with reference to the appended drawings, in which:
  • the figure 1 is an exploded perspective view of a gabion according to the invention,
  • the figure 2 is a perspective view of the gabion according to the invention shown in the figure 1 ,
  • the figure 3 is a perspective view of an assembly of gabions according to the invention,
  • the figure 4 is a perspective view of an assembly of gabions according to the invention provided with shuttering panels for producing a slab,
  • the figure 5 is a perspective view of an alternative embodiment of the gabion according to the invention,
  • the figure 6 is a perspective view of another variant embodiment of the gabion according to the invention
  • the figure 7 is a perspective view of another alternative embodiment of a gabion assembly according to the invention particularly intended for the production of stabilized structures or noise barriers,
  • the figure 8 is a perspective view of a last variant embodiment of an assembly of gabions according to the invention,
  • the figure 9 is a perspective view of an alternative embodiment of the gabion according to the invention,
  • the figure 10 is a perspective view of a detail of the embodiment variant of the gabion according to the invention shown in FIG. figure 9 ,
  • the figure 11 is a perspective view of an alternative embodiment of a wire mesh panel of the gabion according to the invention,
  • the figure 12 is a perspective view of another alternative embodiment of a wire mesh panel of the gabion according to the invention,
  • the figure 13 is a partial perspective view of gabions obtained by the assembly of wire mesh panels shown in FIG. figure 12 ,
  • the figure 14 is a schematic top view of the gabions represented on the figure 13 ,
  • the figure 15 is a perspective view of a piece of geotextile fabric covering a wire mesh panel of the gabion according to the invention,
  • the figure 16 is an elevational view of a stack of gabions with geotextile fabric parts shown on the figure 15 ,
  • the figure 17 is an elevational view of a detail of the gabion stack shown on the figure 16 ,
  • the figure 18 is a perspective view of a last variant of a wire mesh panel of a gabion according to the invention,
  • the figure 19 is a sectional view of the alternative embodiment of a wire mesh panel of a gabion according to the invention, as shown in FIG. figure 18 , in a concrete veil,
  • the figure 20 is a side view of an alternative embodiment of a metal rod for assembling two adjacent metal mesh panels of gabions according to the invention,
  • the figure 21 is a side view of the assembly of two gabion metal mesh panels according to the invention by means of the metal rod shown in FIG. figure 20 ,
  • the figure 22 is a side view of an alternative embodiment of a metal rod for assembling two adjacent metal mesh panels of gabions according to the invention,
  • the figure 23 is a side view of another alternative embodiment of a metal rod for assembling two adjacent metal mesh panels of gabions according to the invention.

DESCRIPTION DETAILLEE DE L'INVENTIONDETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

On décrira ci-après, à titre d'exemple non limitatif, un gabion particulièrement destiné à la réalisation de travaux de génie civile tels que la réalisation de merlons, avec ou sans dalle, de murs anti-bruit, de murets décoratifs, etc... ; Toutefois, il est bien évident que le gabion suivant l'invention pourra également être utilisé pour la manutention de produits bruts ou manufacturés sans pour autant sortir du cadre de l'invention.The following will be described, by way of non-limiting example, a gabion particularly intended for the realization of civil engineering works such as the realization of merlons, with or without slab, noise barriers, decorative walls, etc. ..; However, it is obvious that the gabion according to the invention may also be used for the handling of raw or manufactured products without departing from the scope of the invention.

En référence à la figure 1, le gabion suivant l'invention est constitué de quatre panneaux plans rectangulaires 1 en treillis métalliques. Chaque panneau vertical 1 en treillis métallique est constitué de fils métalliques horizontaux 2 et verticaux 3 dont les extrémités libres respectives sont recourbées pour former des anneaux 4. Chaque anneau 4 s'étend dans un plan perpendiculaire au plan du panneau et les anneaux 4 d'un même bord d'un panneau 1 sont coaxiaux. Lesdits anneaux 4 sont aptes à recevoir une tige métallique 5, de section circulaire, pour assembler deux panneaux 1 adjacents. Par exemple, les mailles des panneaux 1 en treillis métallique présentent des dimensions de 10cm x 10cm ou de 5cm x 5cm.With reference to the figure 1 , the gabion according to the invention consists of four rectangular planar panels 1 in wire mesh. Each vertical wire mesh panel 1 consists of horizontal and vertical metal wires 3 whose respective free ends are bent to form rings 4. Each ring 4 extends in a plane perpendicular to the plane of the panel and the rings 4 of FIG. the same edge of a panel 1 are coaxial. Said rings 4 are able to receive a metal rod 5, of circular section, to assemble two adjacent panels 1. For example, the meshes of the panels 1 in wire mesh have dimensions of 10cm x 10cm or 5cm x 5cm.

Lesdits anneaux 4 sont de préférence fermés et présentent une forme globalement circulaire ainsi qu'un diamètre intérieur tout juste inférieur au diamètre externe de la tige 5.Said rings 4 are preferably closed and have a generally circular shape and an inner diameter just smaller than the outer diameter of the rod 5.

Toutefois, il est bien évident que les anneaux 4 pourront présenter une forme quelconque et que les tiges 5 pourront présenter une section de forme correspondante sans pour autant sortir du cadre de l'invention.However, it is obvious that the rings 4 may have any shape and that the rods 5 may have a section of corresponding shape without departing from the scope of the invention.

L'extrémité supérieure de chaque tige 5 est avantageusement recourbée pour former un crochet 6 constituant une butée de telle manière que, lors de l'assemblage de deux panneaux 1 adjacents, le crochet 6 vienne en butée contre l'anneau 4 de la tige horizontal supérieure de l'un des panneaux 1 en treillis métallique.The upper end of each rod 5 is advantageously bent to form a hook 6 constituting a stop so that, during the assembly of two adjacent panels 1, the hook 6 comes into abutment against the ring 4 of the horizontal rod upper of one of the panels 1 in wire mesh.

Dans cet exemple particulier de réalisation, représenté sur les figures 1 et 2, le gabion suivant l'invention comporte quatre panneaux verticaux 1 assemblés deux à deux, par quatre tige 5, pour former un parallélépipède.In this particular embodiment, shown in figures 1 and 2 , the gabion according to the invention comprises four vertical panels 1 assembled in pairs, by four rods 5, to form a parallelepiped.

Par ailleurs, ledit gabion comporte avantageusement une poche souple étanche 7, dite « big bag » munie de moyens de préhension et apte à être introduite entre les panneaux 1 assemblés. Ladite poche souple 7 présente une forme parallélépipédique comportant un fond 8, quatre parois verticales latérales 9 et quatre anses 10 s'étendant au quatre coins supérieurs de ladite poche souple 7.Moreover, said gabion advantageously comprises a sealed flexible pouch 7, called "big bag" provided with gripping means and adapted to be introduced between the panels 1 assembled. Said flexible pouch 7 has a parallelepipedal shape comprising a bottom 8, four lateral vertical walls 9 and four handles 10 extending at the four upper corners of said flexible pouch 7.

Il est bien évident que ladite poche souple 7 pourra ne comprendre que deux anses 10 s'étendant depuis le bord supérieur de deux parois verticales latérales 9 opposées sans pour autant sortir du cadre de l'invention.It is obvious that said flexible pouch 7 may comprise only two handles 10 extending from the upper edge of two opposite lateral vertical walls 9 without departing from the scope of the invention.

De manière avantageuse, en référence à la figure 2, la poche souple 7 comporte une paroi supérieure 11 constituée, par exemple, de quatre volets 11a,11b,11c et 11d munis de moyens d'ouverture et de fermeture du type moyens de fixation et moyens de fixation complémentaires tels que des boucles et des crochets formant un système du type velcro (marque déposée) ou tout autre moyen équivalent bien connu de l'Homme du Métier. De cette manière, les volets 11a,11b,11c et 11d sont rabattus sur la face extérieure des panneaux 1 pour faciliter le remplissage de la poche souple 7, cette dernière étant remplie de matériaux de remblai, tels que des galets, des fragments de pierre naturelle, etc..., appropriés en fonction de la destination du gabion. On notera que les volets 11a,11b,11c et 11d pourront être maintenus contre la face extérieure des panneaux 1 par tout moyen approprié bien connu de l'Homme de Métier, puis, lorsque la poche souple 7 est remplie, lesdits volets 11a,11b,11c et 11d sont rabattus pour la fermer.Advantageously, with reference to the figure 2 , The flexible bag 7 comprises a top wall 11 formed, e.g., of four flaps 11 a, 11 b, 11 c and 11 d provided with opening and closing means of the bracket type means and complementary fastening means such as buckles and hooks forming a velcro type system (trademark) or any other equivalent means well known to those skilled in the art. In this way, the flaps 11 a, 11 b, 11 c and 11 d are folded over the outer face of the panels 1 to facilitate filling of the flexible bag 7, the latter being filled with fill material, such as rollers, fragments of natural stone, etc ..., appropriate according to the destination of the gabion. Note that the flaps 11 a, 11 b, 11 c and 11 d may be kept against the outer face of the panels 1 by any suitable means well known to those skilled Occupation, then, when the flexible bag 7 is filled, said flaps 11 a, 11 b, 11 c and 11 d are folded to close it.

Il est bien évident que les volets 11a,11b,11c et 11d pourront ne pas être rabattus pour laisser ouverte la poche souple en fonction de la destination du gabion conforme à l'invention sans pour autant sortir du cadre de l'invention.It is obvious that the flaps 11a, 11b, 11c and 11d can not be folded to leave open the flexible pouch according to the destination of the gabion of the invention without departing from the scope of the invention.

Accessoirement, la poche souple 7 pourra être percée par tout outil perforant afin de permettre un drainage en fonction des matériaux de remblais utilisés et de la destination du gabion.Incidentally, the flexible pouch 7 may be pierced by any perforating tool to allow drainage according to the embankment materials used and the destination of the gabion.

En référence, à la figure 3, les éléments du gabion suivant l'invention permet la réalisation d'un assemblage de gabions disposés en ligne pour former constituer un muret de protection, un muret décoratif, ou un mur de soutènement, etc...Les panneaux 1 en treillis métalliques sont assemblés les uns aux autres par des tiges 5 de telle manière qu'un panneau 1 en treillis métallique transversal séparant deux gabions adjacents soit assemblé à deux panneaux 1 en treillis métallique latéraux au moyen d'une seule tige 5. Ainsi, ce montage permet d'économiser des panneaux en treillis métallique par rapport aux assemblages de gabions de l'art antérieur. En effet, l'assemblage des éléments du gabion permet de supprimer les doubles parois transversales ainsi que les fonds et les couvercles. Des poches souples 7, non représentées sur la figure 3, sont ensuite introduites dans les gabions ainsi formés et un matériau de remblai est introduit dans lesdites poches souples. De la même manière, une nouvelle rangée de gabions peut être formée sur la précédente au droit de la première ou décalée par rapport à la première rangée. La seconde rangée de gabion est alors solidarisée à la première rangée au moyen de tiges 5 passant à travers les anneaux 4, les anneaux 4 du bord inférieur des panneaux de la seconde rangée de gabions étant préalablement positionnés au droit des anneaux 4 du bord supérieur des panneaux de la seconde rangée de gabions de manière à ce que lesdits anneaux soient coaxiaux.In reference, to the figure 3 , the elements of the gabion according to the invention allows the realization of an assembly of gabions arranged in line to form constituting a wall of protection, a decorative wall, or a retaining wall, etc ... The panels 1 in wire mesh are assembled to each other by rods 5 so that a transverse wire mesh panel 1 separating two adjacent gabions is assembled to two side wire mesh panels 1 by means of a single rod 5. Thus, this assembly makes it possible to save wire mesh panels with respect to prior art gabion assemblies. Indeed, the assembly of the elements of the gabion makes it possible to remove the double transverse walls as well as the bottoms and the lids. Flexible pockets 7, not shown on the figure 3 , are then introduced into the gabions thus formed and a backfill material is introduced into said flexible bags. In the same way, a new row of gabions can be formed on the preceding one at the right of the first row or offset with respect to the first row. The second row of gabion is then secured to the first row by means of rods 5 passing through the rings 4, the rings 4 of the lower edge of the panels of the second row of gabions being previously positioned to the right of the rings 4 of the upper edge of the panels of the second row of gabions so that said rings are coaxial.

Accessoirement, en référence à la figure 4, le dispositif suivant l'invention comporte un panneau rigide dit de coffrage 12 apte à être solidarisé à l'extrémité supérieure d'au moins un panneau 1 en treillis métallique de telle manière qu'il s'étende dans le prolongement de ce dernier. Ledit panneau de coffrage 12 consiste en une plaque de tôle rigide qui est pliée le long de son bord longitudinal inférieur pour former une aile 13 dans laquelle sont formées des lumières rectangulaires transversales 14, les anneaux 4 des extrémités libres supérieures des fils métalliques verticaux 3 du panneau 1 en treillis métallique étant aptes à être introduits à travers lesdites lumières 14. Le panneau de coffrage 12 est solidarisé au panneau 1 en treillis métallique en introduisant les anneaux 4 à travers les lumières 14 puis en introduisant une tige 5, non représenté sur la figure 4, dans lesdits anneaux 4.Incidentally, with reference to figure 4 , the device according to the invention comprises a so-called rigid shuttering panel 12 adapted to be secured to the upper end of at least one panel 1 of wire mesh so that it extends in the extension thereof. Said shuttering panel 12 consists of a rigid sheet metal plate which is folded along its lower longitudinal edge to form a wing 13 in which transverse rectangular lights 14 are formed, the rings 4 of the upper free ends of the vertical metal wires 3 of the 1 panel wire mesh being adapted to be introduced through said slots 14. The shuttering panel 12 is secured to the panel 1 wire mesh by introducing the rings 4 through the lights 14 and then introducing a rod 5, not shown on the figure 4 in said rings 4.

Afin d'améliorer la rigidité des panneaux de coffrage 12, ces derniers sont avantageusement pliés le long de leur bord longitudinal supérieur pour former une seconde aile 15 s'étendant du même côté que la première aile 13.In order to improve the rigidity of the shuttering panels 12, the latter are advantageously folded along their upper longitudinal edge to form a second flange 15 extending on the same side as the first flange 13.

Lesdits panneaux de coffrage 12 sont solidarisés par exemple à l'extrémité supérieure des panneaux 1 en treillis métallique latéraux formant la périphérie de l'assemblage de gabions afin de permettre la réalisation d'une chape en béton armé ou non par exemple, les gabions étant préalablement remplis d'un matériau de remblais.Said shuttering panels 12 are secured for example to the upper end of the panels 1 in lateral wire mesh forming the periphery of the assembly of gabions in order to allow the realization of a reinforced concrete screed or not, for example the gabions being previously filled with fill material.

La hauteur de ces panneaux de coffrage 12 dépendra notamment de la hauteur de la chape de béton à réaliser, la hauteur des panneaux de coffrage étant sensiblement égale à la hauteur de la chape à réaliser. Ainsi lesdits panneaux de coffrage 12 pourront présenter une hauteur de 13 cm ou de 20 cm par exemple en fonction de la destination de l'ouvrage.The height of these formwork panels 12 will depend in particular on the height of the concrete screed to achieve, the height of the formwork panels being substantially equal to the height of the screed to achieve. Thus said formwork panels 12 may have a height of 13 cm or 20 cm for example depending on the destination of the book.

Par ailleurs, en référence à la figure 5, chaque panneau 1 en treillis métallique comporte avantageusement le long de son bord inférieur trois arceaux 16, 17a et 17b en forme de U, un arceau central 16 s'étendant dans la partie médiane dudit bord inférieur et deux arceaux périphériques 17a et 17b s'étendant de part et d'autre de l'arceau central 16 à proximité des bords latéraux du panneau 1 en treillis métallique, lesdits arceaux 16, 17a et 17b s'étendant dans le même plan que ledit panneau 1. De cette manière, les arceaux 16, 17a et 17b surélèvent le gabion afin de permettre le passage de moyens de levage adaptés aux engins de manutention usuellement présents sur les chantiers de génie civil tel que les fourches d'un engin de levage, chaque fourche étant apte à passer sous le gabion entre un arceau périphérique 17a ou 17b et l'arceau central 16.Moreover, with reference to the figure 5 , each wire mesh panel 1 advantageously comprises along its lower edge three U-shaped arches 16, 17a and 17b, a central arch 16 extending in the median portion of said lower edge and two peripheral arches 17a and 17b extending on either side of the central arch 16 near the lateral edges of the wire mesh panel 1, said arches 16, 17a and 17b extending in the same plane as said panel 1. In this way, the arches 16, 17a and 17b raise the gabion to allow the passage of lifting means adapted to the handling equipment usually present on civil engineering sites such as the forks of a hoist, each fork being able to pass under the gabion between a peripheral hoop 17 a or 17 b and the central beam 16.

Selon une variante d'exécution, non représentée sur les figures, au moins deux panneaux 1 en treillis métallique opposés comportent le long de leurs bords inférieurs respectifs au moins deux arceaux en forme de U, les extrémités des branches du U étant solidaires du fil métallique horizontal inférieur dudit panneau en treillis métallique et lesdits arceaux s'étendant dans le même plan que ledit panneau. Lesdits arceaux sont écartés suivant un entraxe sensiblement égal à l'entraxe des fourches d'un engin de levage et ils présentent des dimensions aptes à permettre l'introduction desdites fourches dans les arceaux.According to an alternative embodiment, not shown in the figures, at least two opposite wire mesh panels 1 comprise, along their respective lower edges, at least two U-shaped arches, the ends of the branches of the U being integral with the wire. bottom horizontal of said wire mesh panel and said arches extending in the same plane as said panel. Said hoops are spaced apart at a spacing substantially equal to the spacing of the forks of a hoist and they have dimensions adapted to allow the introduction of said forks in the hoops.

Par ailleurs, en référence à la figure 6, les panneaux 1 en treillis métallique peuvent avoir une forme de quadrilatère quelconque tel qu'un carré, un rectangle ou un trapèze afin de permettre la réalisation de gabions de formes diverses et variées. Dans l'exemple de réalisation représenté sur la figure 6, on a représenté un assemblage de gabions comportant des panneaux 1 en treillis métallique, rectangulaire, et des panneaux l'en treillis métallique, en forme de trapèze rectangle, afin de réaliser un talus avec un plan incliné. La poche souple 7 présente alors une forme correspondant à la forme des gabions réalisés et, après remplissage des gabions avec des matériaux de remblais, l'assemblage ainsi réalisé est recouvert de terre par exemple.Moreover, with reference to the figure 6 , the panels 1 of wire mesh may have any quadrilateral shape such as a square, a rectangle or a trapezium so to allow the realization of gabions of various forms and varied. In the exemplary embodiment shown on the figure 6 , there is shown an assembly of gabions comprising panels 1 in wire mesh, rectangular, and the wire mesh panels, trapezoid-shaped rectangle, to achieve a slope with an inclined plane. The flexible pouch 7 then has a shape corresponding to the shape of the gabions made and, after filling the gabions with embankment materials, the assembly thus produced is covered with earth for example.

Il va de soi que les panneaux 1 et l'en treillis métallique pourront présenter des dimensions quelconques en fonction de la destination des gabions.It goes without saying that the panels 1 and the wire mesh may have any size depending on the destination of the gabions.

Selon une autre variante d'exécution, en référence à la figure 7, les panneaux 1 en treillis métallique sont assemblés de manière à former deux rangées de gabions séparées par des entretoises 1" constituées de panneaux en treillis métallique de plus petites dimensions. Lesdites entretoises 1" présentent par exemple une largeur d'environ 30 cm. Lesdites entretoises 1" sont constitués, de la même manière que les panneaux 1 en treillis métallique, de fils métalliques horizontaux et verticaux dont les extrémités libres respectives sont recourbées pour former des anneaux. Chaque anneau 4 s'étend dans un plan perpendiculaire au plan du panneau formant entretoise 1" et les anneaux 4 d'un même bord d'une entretoise 1" sont coaxiaux. Ainsi, les entretoises sont solidarisées aux panneaux 1 en treillis métallique des gabions par des tiges 5. Lesdits gabions reçoivent respectivement une poche souple remplie de matériaux de remblais et les espaces formés entre les deux rangées de gabions et les entretoises sont remplis de béton, un ferraillage étant préalablement positionné dans lesdits espaces afin d'obtenir un béton armé. Une telle construction permet de réaliser des structures stabilisées ou des murs antibruit présentant en termes d'acoustique des propriétés d'absorption élevées tout en présentant une faible porosité.According to another variant embodiment, with reference to the figure 7 , the wire mesh panels 1 are assembled to form two rows of gabions separated by spacers 1 "made of wire mesh panels of smaller dimensions, said spacers 1" have for example a width of about 30 cm. Said spacers 1 "consist, in the same way as the panels 1 of wire mesh, of horizontal and vertical wires whose respective free ends are bent to form rings.Each ring 4 extends in a plane perpendicular to the plane of the 1 "spacer board and the rings 4 of the same edge of a spacer 1" are coaxial Thus, the spacers are secured to the panels 1 of wire mesh of the gabions by rods 5. Said gabions respectively receive a filled flexible bag embankment materials and the spaces formed between the two rows of gabions and the spacers are filled with concrete, a reinforcement being previously positioned in said spaces to obtain an reinforced concrete.This construction makes it possible to produce stabilized structures or walls noise-canceling acoustic properties that have high absorption properties porosity.

Selon une dernière variante d'exécution, en référence à la figure 8, les panneaux 1 en treillis métallique sont assemblés de manière à former deux rangs de gabions empilés, le bord inférieur des panneaux 1 en treillis métallique du rang supérieur étant solidarisé au bord supérieur des panneaux 1 de treillis métallique du rang inférieur par des tiges 5 coopérant avec les anneaux correspondants desdits panneaux 1. Certains panneaux 1 en treillis métallique transversaux séparant deux gabions adjacents sont substitués par des panneaux 1'" en treillis métallique comportant dans leur partie médiane au moins un élément de coffrage 18. Chaque élément de coffrage 18 consiste en un treillis métallique plié pour former un U dont les branches sont solidarisés, par soudage par exemple, au panneaux 1"' de telle manière que ledit élément de coffrage s'étende sensiblement depuis le bord inférieur jusqu'au bord supérieur du panneau 1"'. Dans cet exemple particulier de réalisation, chaque panneau 1'" comporte deux éléments de coffrage s'étendant l'un en regard de l'autre, de part et d'autre du panneau 1"'. Les gabions reçoivent de la même manière que précédemment des poches souples 7, non représentées sur la figure 8, remplies de matériaux de remblai, et les éléments de coffrage 18 sont remplis de béton, un ferraillage étant de préférence positionné dans les éléments de coffrage 18, pour obtenir des piliers en béton armé qui rigidifient et stabilisent la structure.According to a last variant of execution, with reference to the figure 8 , the panels 1 made of wire mesh are assembled to form two rows of stacked gabions, the lower edge of the wire mesh panels 1 of the upper row being secured to the upper edge of the wire mesh panels 1 of the lower row by cooperating rods 5 with the corresponding rings of said panels 1. Some transverse wire mesh panels 1 separating two adjacent gabions are substituted by wire mesh panels 1 'having in their central part at least one formwork element 18. Each formwork element 18 consists of a wire mesh folded to form a U whose branches are secured, for example by welding, to the panels 1 "'so that said formwork element extends substantially from the lower edge to the upper edge of the panel 1"'. In this particular embodiment, each panel 1 '"comprises two formwork elements extending one facing each other, on either side of the panel 1"'. The gabions receive in the same manner as previously flexible bags 7, not shown on the figure 8 filled with backfill materials, and the formwork elements 18 are filled with concrete, a reinforcement being preferably positioned in the formwork elements 18, to obtain reinforced concrete pillars that stiffen and stabilize the structure.

Il est bien évident que le béton pourra être substitué par tout autre matériau équivalent tel que du mortier par exemple ou tout autre coulis minéral et/ou synthétique sans sortir du cadre de l'invention.It is obvious that the concrete may be substituted by any other equivalent material such as mortar for example or any other mineral and / or synthetic grout without departing from the scope of the invention.

Par ailleurs, de manière particulièrement avantageuse, la poche souple 7 est obtenue dans un matériau chimiquement inerte et/ou résistant à l'abrasion et/ou présentant une résistance aux fortes températures, c'est-à-dire à des températures supérieures à 30°C. De préférence, ladite poche souple 7 est obtenue dans un matériau comportant au moins un composant choisi parmi la liste suivante : silicone, nitrile, vinyle, plastique, polyuréthane, polymère perfluoré ou leurs combinaisons. De plus, les panneaux 1,1',1'" et les entretoises 1" en treillis métallique et/ou les tiges 5 sont recouverts d'une couche de revêtement chimiquement inerte et/ou résistant à l'abrasion et/ou présentant une résistance aux fortes températures, c'est-à-dire à des températures supérieures à 30°C, ladite couche de revêtement chimiquement inerte étant obtenue dans un matériau comportant au moins un composant choisi parmi la liste suivante : silicone, nitrile, vinyle, plastique, polyuréthane, polymère perfluoré ou leurs combinaisons. De cette manière, les gabions suivant l'invention peuvent être utilisés pour réaliser d'une part des structures aptes à retenir des eaux polluées ou des effluents chimiques et d'autre part des structures apte à résister durablement dans des milieux agressifs.Furthermore, particularly advantageously, the flexible bag 7 is obtained in a material that is chemically inert and / or resistant to abrasion and / or that has resistance to high temperatures, that is to say at temperatures above 30.degree. ° C. Preferably, said flexible pouch 7 is obtained in a material comprising at least one component chosen from the following list: silicone, nitrile, vinyl, plastic, polyurethane, perfluorinated polymer or combinations thereof. In addition, the wire mesh panels 1, 1 ', 1' 'and the spacers 1' 'and / or the rods 5 are covered with a chemically inert and / or abrasion resistant coating layer and / or resistance to high temperatures, that is to say at temperatures above 30 ° C, said chemically inert coating layer being obtained in a material comprising at least one component selected from the following list: silicone, nitrile, vinyl, plastic , polyurethane, perfluorinated polymer or combinations thereof. In this way, the gabions according to the invention can be used to achieve on the one hand structures capable of retaining polluted water or chemical effluents and on the other hand structures able to withstand durably in aggressive media.

On notera que les poches souples 7 pourront être obtenues à partir de fibres naturelles et/ou synthétiques, tissées ou non et enduites ou non et elles pourront être avantageusement traités pour résister aux ultraviolets et/ou enduites d'une couche de protection chimiquement inerte et/ou résistant à l'abrasion et/ou présentant une résistance aux fortes températures sans sortir du cadre de l'invention.It will be noted that the flexible bags 7 may be obtained from natural and / or synthetic fibers, whether or not woven and coated, and they may advantageously be treated to resist ultraviolet and / or coated with a chemically inert protective layer and / or resistant to abrasion and / or having resistance to high temperatures without departing from the scope of the invention.

Afin d'une part d'améliorer l'aspect esthétique et d'autre part de protéger les poches souples 7 contre les agressions extérieures telles que les ultraviolets (UV) des structures de gabions suivant l'invention, ces dernières pourront avantageusement être cerclés au moyens de panneaux 1 en treillis métallique, le cerclage étant réalisé à quelques dizaines de centimètre des panneaux 1 en treillis métallique des gabions, puis un matériau de remblais présentant un meilleur aspect visuel, tel que des galets ronds par exemple, est introduit entre les panneaux de cerclage et les panneaux des gabion. De cette manière, les galets ronds occultent les poches souples 7 des gabions améliorant significativement l'aspect visuel de l'ensemble et les protégeant contre les UV.In order to partly improve the aesthetic appearance and, on the other hand, to protect the flexible bags 7 against external aggressions such as the ultraviolet (UV) of the gabion structures according to the invention, the latter may advantageously be circled at panel means 1 in wire mesh, the strapping being made a few tens of centimeters of the panels 1 wire mesh gabions, then a backfill material having a better visual appearance, such as round pebbles for example, is introduced between the panels strapping and gabion panels. In this way, the round pebbles obscure the flexible pockets 7 of the gabions significantly improving the visual appearance of the whole and protecting them against UV.

Il va de soi que les panneaux 1 en treillis métallique pourront présenter des dimensions quelconques en fonction de la destination des gabions.It goes without saying that the panels 1 in wire mesh may have any size depending on the destination of the gabions.

En référence aux figures 9 et 10, les panneaux 1 en treillis métallique pourront être assemblés deux à deux en introduisant les anneaux 4 des extrémités des fils métalliques 2 du treillis entre les mailles du treillis d'un second panneau 1 et en introduisant une tige 5 dans lesdits anneaux 4. La partie du panneau 1 inutilisée pourra être alors supprimée en utilisant un coupe-boulon 19 ou similaire. De cette manière, il est possible de réaliser des structures en panneaux 1 en treillis métallique ayant une grande modularité de dimensions et de formes, telles que des structures en arc de cercle par exemple.With reference to Figures 9 and 10 , the panels 1 in wire mesh can be assembled in pairs by introducing the rings 4 of the ends of the wire 2 of the mesh between the mesh of the lattice of a second panel 1 and introducing a rod 5 into said rings 4. The part unused panel 1 can then be removed using a bolt cutter 19 or the like. In this way, it is possible to make structures 1 metal mesh panels having a large modularity of dimensions and shapes, such as arcuate structures for example.

Par ailleurs, le gabion suivant l'invention pourra n'être constitué que de quatre panneaux plans rectangulaires 1 en treillis métalliques, sans poche souple. De la même manière que précédemment, chaque panneau vertical 1 en treillis métallique est constitué de fils métalliques horizontaux 2 et verticaux 3 dont les extrémités libres respectives sont recourbées pour former des anneaux 4. Chaque anneau 4 s'étend dans un plan perpendiculaire au plan du panneau et les anneaux 4 d'un même bord d'un panneau 1 sont coaxiaux. Lesdits anneaux 4 sont aptes à recevoir une tige métallique 5, de section circulaire, pour assembler deux panneaux 1 adjacents.Furthermore, the gabion according to the invention may consist only of four rectangular planar panels 1 in wire mesh, without flexible pouch. In the same manner as above, each vertical wire mesh panel 1 consists of horizontal and vertical metal wires 3 whose respective free ends are bent to form rings 4. Each ring 4 extends in a plane perpendicular to the plane of the panel and the rings 4 of the same edge of a panel 1 are coaxial. Said rings 4 are able to receive a metal rod 5, of circular section, to assemble two adjacent panels 1.

De manière avantageuse, en référence à la figure 11, chaque panneau 1 en treillis métallique peut être muni d'une pièce rectangulaire en tissu géotextile 20 dont les bords transversaux, supérieurs et/ou inférieurs, sont munis d'encoches 21, les anneaux 4 des extrémités libres supérieures des fils métalliques verticaux 3 du panneau 1 en treillis métallique étant aptes à être introduits à travers lesdites encoches 21 pour maintenir la pièce en tissu géotextile 20 contre la paroi interne du panneau 1.Advantageously, with reference to the figure 11 each wire mesh panel 1 may be provided with a rectangular piece of geotextile fabric 20 whose transverse edges, upper and / or lower, are provided with notches 21, the rings 4 of the upper free ends of the vertical metal wires 3 of the 1 panel wire mesh being adapted to be introduced through said notches 21 to maintain the piece of geotextile fabric 20 against the inner wall of the panel 1.

Il va de soi que la pièce en tissu géotextile pourra comprendre des encoches 21 le long d'un seul de ses bords ou de ses quatre bords sans pour autant sortir du cadre de l'invention.It goes without saying that the piece of geotextile fabric may comprise notches 21 along one of its edges or its four edges without departing from the scope of the invention.

Selon une autre variante d'exécution conforme à l'invention, en référence aux figures 12 à 14, chaque pièce en tissu géotextile 20 comprend des rabats transversaux, inférieurs 22 et supérieurs 23, munis d'encoches 21 et des rabats longitudinaux 24 dont le bord inférieur et/ou supérieur est également muni d'au moins une encoche 21 apte à recevoir un anneau 4 de l'extrémité libre supérieure d'un fil métallique vertical 3 d'un panneau 1 en treillis métallique adjacent formant un panneau de refend. Accessoirement, les rabats longitudinaux 24 comportent avantageusement des volets 25 aptes à être rabattus sur lesdits rabats 24. Ces pièces en tissu géotextile 20 permettent ainsi de maintenir les matériaux de remplissage tels que du sable, de la terre, etc.According to another variant embodiment according to the invention, with reference to Figures 12 to 14 each piece of geotextile fabric 20 comprises transverse flaps, lower 22 and upper 23, provided with notches 21 and longitudinal flaps 24 whose lower and / or upper edge is also provided with at least one notch 21 adapted to receive a ring 4 of the upper free end of a vertical wire 3 of a panel 1 of adjacent wire mesh forming a splitter panel. Incidentally, the longitudinal flaps 24 advantageously comprise flaps 25 adapted to be folded over said flaps 24. These geotextile fabric parts 20 and allow to maintain the filling materials such as sand, earth, etc..

De plus, en référence, aux figures 15 à 17, les pièces en tissu géotextile 20 sont avantageusement munies d'une bande de renfort 26 munie d'encoches 27 s'étendant au droit des encoches 21 pratiquées dans le tissu géotextile au niveau des rabats transversaux inférieurs 23. Cette bande de renfort 26 est de préférence rigide ou semi-rigide et agrafée ou collée sur la face intérieure de la pièce en géotextile 20. Cette bande de renfort 26 procure une meilleure étanchéité au niveau des encoches 21 de la pièce en géotextile 20 afin d'éviter une fuite des matériaux de remplissage du gabion. On notera que, lorsque les gabions sont empilés, en référence à la figure 16, le rabat transversal inférieur 23 vient coiffer la partie supérieure de la pièce en tissu géotextile du gabion inférieur assurant ainsi une étanchéité entre les gabions supérieur et inférieur.In addition, with reference to Figures 15 to 17 , the pieces of geotextile fabric 20 are advantageously provided with a reinforcing strip 26 provided with notches 27 extending to the right of the notches 21 made in the geotextile fabric at the level of the lower transverse flaps 23. This reinforcement strip 26 is rigid or semi-rigid preference and stapled or glued on the inner face of the geotextile part 20. This reinforcing strip 26 provides a better seal at the notches 21 of the geotextile part 20 in order to avoid leakage of the filling the gabion. Note that when gabions are stacked, with reference to the figure 16 the lower transverse flap 23 caps the upper part of the geotextile fabric part of the lower gabion thus ensuring a seal between the upper and lower gabions.

Il va de soi que la bande de renfort 26 pourra également être obtenue dans un matériau souple et fixée par tout moyen approprié bien connu de l'homme du métier sur la face interne de la pièce en tissu géotextile 20 sans pour autant sortir du cadre de l'invention.It goes without saying that the reinforcing strip 26 can also be obtained in a flexible material and fixed by any suitable means well known to those skilled in the art on the inner face of the geotextile fabric part 20 without departing from the scope of the invention.

Par ailleurs, selon une variante d'exécution, en référence à la figure 15, les encoches 21 des rabats transversaux inférieurs 23 sont substituées par des découpes 21', représentées en traits pointillés, formant des franges 23' terminées en pointes. Dans cette variante d'exécution, la bande de renfort 26 est inutile. La largeur de chaque frange 23' est sensiblement égale à l'écartement entre deux tiges verticales 2 ou horizontales 3 d'un panneau en treillis métallique 1.Moreover, according to a variant embodiment, with reference to the figure 15 , the notches 21 of the lower transverse flaps 23 are substituted by cutouts 21 ', represented in dashed lines, forming fringes 23' terminated in points. In this alternative embodiment, the reinforcing strip 26 is unnecessary. The width of each fringe 23 'is substantially equal to the spacing between two vertical rods 2 or horizontal 3 of a wire mesh panel 1.

Selon une dernière variante d'exécution, en référence aux figures 18 et 19, chaque panneau 1 en treillis métallique comporte le long d'au moins deux côtés adjacents, un côté longitudinal et un côté transversal, un joint 28 constitué d'une barre métallique de section transversale en forme de L dont l'une des branches est soudée aux extrémités des fils métalliques horizontaux 2 et respectivement verticaux 3, en coiffant les anneaux 4. Ces joints 28 permettent ainsi de réaliser une paroi sans vides ni trous lors de l'assemblage des différents panneaux 1 lorsqu'un voile de béton 29 ou une coque composite est réalisée sur chaque panneau 1 (figure 19).According to a last variant of execution, with reference to Figures 18 and 19 , each wire mesh panel 1 comprises along at least two adjacent sides, a longitudinal side and a transverse side, a seal 28 consisting of a metal bar of L-shaped cross section of which one of the branches is welded at the ends of the horizontal metal wires 2 and respectively vertical 3, capping the rings 4. These seals 28 thus make it possible to produce a wall without voids or holes during the assembly of the various panels 1 when a concrete sail 29 or a hull Composite is made on each panel 1 ( figure 19 ).

Par ailleurs, en référence aux figures 20 et 21, la tige métallique 5 permettant l'assemblage de deux panneaux en treillis métallique 1 comporte avantageusement à son extrémité supérieure une agrafe 30, obtenue par pliage de la tige métallique 6, dont la tête circulaire 31 présente un diamètre supérieur au diamètre des anneaux 4 dans lesquels la tige 5 est introduite lors de l'assemblage des panneaux, et à son extrémité inférieure un anneau 32 dont le diamètre extérieur est tout juste inférieur au diamètre intérieur des anneaux 4 des panneaux 1. De cette manière, lorsque les gabions sont chargés en matériaux, il n'est plus possible de retirer la tige 5, l'anneau 32 à l'extrémité inférieure de la tige 5 formant une butée d'arrêt. Accessoirement, la tige 5 comporte des boursoufflures 33 obtenues par écrasement de la tige par exemple, uniformément réparties le long de la tige 5. Le diamètre de ces boursoufflures 33 est supérieur au diamètre de la tige 5 et tout juste inférieur au diamètre intérieur des anneaux 4. Par ailleurs, l'écartement des boursoufflures est sensiblement égal à l'espacement entre deux tiges horizontales 2 ou verticales 3 d'un panneau en treillis métallique 1. Selon une variante d'exécution de la tige 5, en référence à la figure 22, cette dernière comporte à son extrémité supérieure un anneau 34, en lieu et place de l'agrafe 30, dont le diamètre extérieur est supérieur au diamètre intérieur des anneaux 4 des panneaux en treillis métalliques et, à son extrémité inférieure, un anneau 32 dont le diamètre extérieur est tout juste inférieur au diamètre intérieur des anneaux 4 des panneaux 1.Moreover, with reference to Figures 20 and 21 , the metal rod 5 allowing the assembly of two metal mesh panels 1 advantageously comprises at its upper end a clip 30, obtained by folding the metal rod 6, whose circular head 31 has a diameter greater than the diameter of the rings 4 in which rod 5 is introduced during assembly of the panels, and at its lower end a ring 32 whose outer diameter is just smaller than the inner diameter of the rings 4 of the panels 1. In this way, when the gabions are loaded with materials, it is no longer possible to remove the rod 5, the ring 32 at the lower end of the rod 5 forming a stopper. Incidentally, the rod 5 comprises bellows 33 obtained by crushing of the rod for example, uniformly distributed along the rod 5. The diameter of these bellows 33 is greater than the diameter of the rod 5 and just below the inner diameter of the rings 4. Furthermore, the spacing of the blisters is substantially equal to the spacing between two horizontal rods 2 or vertical 3 of a wire mesh panel 1. According to an alternative embodiment of the rod 5, with reference to the figure 22 , the latter has at its upper end a ring 34, instead of the clip 30, whose outer diameter is greater than the inner diameter of the rings 4 of the wire mesh panels and, at its lower end, a ring 32 of which the outside diameter is just smaller than the inside diameter of the rings 4 of the panels 1.

Selon une dernière variante d'exécution de la tige 5, en référence à la figure 23, cette dernière comporte de la même manière que précédemment à son extrémité supérieure une agrafe 30, obtenue par pliage de la tige métallique 6, dont la tête circulaire 31 présente un diamètre supérieur au diamètre des anneaux 4 dans lesquels la tige 5 est introduite lors de l'assemblage des panneaux, et à son extrémité inférieure un anneau 32 dont le diamètre extérieur est tout juste inférieur au diamètre intérieur des anneaux 4 des panneaux 1. La tige se distingue de celle décrite sur la figure 20 par le fait que les boursoufflures 33 ont été substituées par des ondulations 35.According to a last variant of embodiment of the rod 5, with reference to the figure 23 , the latter comprises in the same way as previously at its upper end a clip 30, obtained by folding the metal rod 6, whose circular head 31 has a diameter greater than the diameter of the rings 4 in which the rod 5 is introduced during the assembly of the panels, and at its lower end a ring 32 whose outer diameter is just smaller than the inside diameter of the rings 4 of the panels 1. The stem is different from that described on the figure 20 in that the blisters 33 have been substituted by ripples 35.

Enfin, il est bien évident que les exemples que l'on vient de donner ne sont que des illustrations particulières, en aucun cas limitatives quant aux domaines d'application de l'invention.Finally, it is obvious that the examples which have just been given are only particular illustrations, in no way limiting as to the fields of application of the invention.

Claims (15)

  1. A gabion made up of wire mesh panels (1) capable of being assembled to form a casing for receiving a bulk of filler material such as pebbles, natural stone fragments, pieces of wood or the like and/or a mixture of such materials, characterised in that it comprises at least one flexible sealed pouch (7) provided with gripping means (10) and capable of being inserted between the assembled panels (1).
  2. The gabion of claim 1, characterised in that the flexible pouch (7) has a parallelepipedal shape comprising a bottom (8), four lateral vertical walls (9), and two loops (10) extending from the upper edge of two opposite lateral walls (9).
  3. The gabion of any of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the flexible pouch (7) comprises an upper wall (11) provided with opening and closing means.
  4. The gabion of any of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the flexible pouch (7) is made of a material which is chemically inert and/or abrasion resistant and/or which has a high temperature resistance.
  5. The gabion of claim 4, characterized in that the flexible pouch (7) is made of a material comprising at least one component selected from the following list: silicon, nitrile, vinyl, plastic, polyurethane, perfluorinated polymer, or combinations thereof.
  6. The gabion of any of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that it comprises at least three wire mesh panels (1) formed of horizontal (2) and vertical (3) wires having their respective free ends curved to form rings (4) capable of receiving a metal rod (5) to assemble two adjacent panels (1).
  7. The gabion of claim 6, characterized in that each ring (4) extends in a plane perpendicular to the plane of the panel (1).
  8. The gabion of claims 6 and 7, characterized in that the rings (4) of a same edge of a panel (1) are coaxial.
  9. The gabion of any of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that it comprises at least four vertical panels (1) assembled two by two to form a parallelepiped.
  10. The gabion of any of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the wire mesh panels (1) and/or the rod (5) are covered with a layer of a coating which is chemically inert and/or abrasion resistant and/or which has a high temperature resistance.
  11. The gabion of claim 10, characterized in that the chemically inert coating layer is made of a material comprising at least one component selected from the following list: silicon, nitrile, vinyl, plastic, polyurethane, perfluorinated polymer, or combinations thereof.
  12. The gabion of any of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that at least two opposite panels (1) comprise along their respective lower edges at least two U-shaped bows, the ends of the branches of the U being rigidly attached to the lower horizontal wire (2) of said wire mesh panel (1) and said bows expending in the same plane as said panel (1).
  13. The gabion of claim 12, characterized in that each panel (1) comprises along its lower edge three U-shaped bows (16, 17a, 17b), a central bow (16) expending in the median portion of said lower edge and two peripheral bows (17a, 17b) expending on either side of the central bow (16) close to the lateral edges of the panel.
  14. The gabion of any of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that it comprises at least one rigid so-called shuttering panel (21) capable of being rigidly attached to the upper end of at least one wire mesh panel (1) so that it extends in continuation thereof.
  15. The gabion of claim 14, characterized in that said shuttering panel (12) is folded along its lower longitudinal edge to form a flange (13) having rectangular transverse ports (14) formed therein, the rings (4) of the free upper ends of the vertical wires (3) of the wire mesh panel (1) being capable of being introduced through said ports (14).
EP10708553.2A 2009-03-13 2010-03-15 Gabions for use in retaining walls Revoked EP2406435B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0951618A FR2943080B1 (en) 2009-03-13 2009-03-13 ELEMENTS OF THE GABIONS TYPE FOR PRODUCING CONSTRUCTIONS SUCH AS WALLS, MERLONS OR THE LIKE
PCT/EP2010/053312 WO2010103128A1 (en) 2009-03-13 2010-03-15 Gabion elements for producing constructions such as walls, barricades, or the like

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2406435A1 EP2406435A1 (en) 2012-01-18
EP2406435B1 true EP2406435B1 (en) 2013-12-04

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EP10708553.2A Revoked EP2406435B1 (en) 2009-03-13 2010-03-15 Gabions for use in retaining walls

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US (1) US8689501B2 (en)
EP (1) EP2406435B1 (en)
CN (1) CN102482861A (en)
FR (1) FR2943080B1 (en)
MA (1) MA33191B1 (en)
WO (1) WO2010103128A1 (en)

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US8689501B2 (en) 2014-04-08
FR2943080A1 (en) 2010-09-17
CN102482861A (en) 2012-05-30
US20120137598A1 (en) 2012-06-07
MA33191B1 (en) 2012-04-02
WO2010103128A1 (en) 2010-09-16
EP2406435A1 (en) 2012-01-18
FR2943080B1 (en) 2016-09-30

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