EP2382056B1 - Device for the selective granulometric separation of solid powdery materials using centrifugal action, and method for using such a device - Google Patents

Device for the selective granulometric separation of solid powdery materials using centrifugal action, and method for using such a device Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2382056B1
EP2382056B1 EP10705898.4A EP10705898A EP2382056B1 EP 2382056 B1 EP2382056 B1 EP 2382056B1 EP 10705898 A EP10705898 A EP 10705898A EP 2382056 B1 EP2382056 B1 EP 2382056B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
rotor
housing
vanes
blades
gas flow
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EP10705898.4A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2382056A1 (en
Inventor
Sébastien DEVROE
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Fives FCB SA
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Fives FCB SA
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B7/00—Selective separation of solid materials carried by, or dispersed in, gas currents
    • B07B7/08—Selective separation of solid materials carried by, or dispersed in, gas currents using centrifugal force
    • B07B7/083—Selective separation of solid materials carried by, or dispersed in, gas currents using centrifugal force generated by rotating vanes, discs, drums, or brushes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B11/00—Arrangement of accessories in apparatus for separating solids from solids using gas currents
    • B07B11/06—Feeding or discharging arrangements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B4/00—Separating solids from solids by subjecting their mixture to gas currents
    • B07B4/02—Separating solids from solids by subjecting their mixture to gas currents while the mixtures fall
    • B07B4/04—Separating solids from solids by subjecting their mixture to gas currents while the mixtures fall in cascades

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device for separating granulometric selective solid pulverulent materials, centrifugal action, and a method of using such a device.
  • This type of device makes it possible to separate a stream of particles present in a stream of gas in two fractions, one fine smaller than a given particle size, the other coarse larger than said particle size.
  • Such a device is also referred to in the corresponding industrial environment "Centrifugal air selector”.
  • the separation is carried out using a cylindrical rotor with vertical axis, provided with blades regularly distributed on its periphery, and between which the particles are subjected to antagonistic forces, namely, on the one hand, the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the rotor and which tends to reject them, and secondly, the drag force generated by the speed of a gas sucked towards the center of the rotor, and which tends to drive with him towards the exit of said gas .
  • the centrifugal force is higher for the larger sized particles and the higher drag force for the smaller sized particles, which achieves granulometric selection of the treated materials.
  • Substances having dimensions smaller than a determined selection particle size are thus entrained with the gas towards the outlet of said gas, while the materials with dimensions greater than said determined particle size fall back and are collected in a gravitational manner.
  • the feed of the materials to be treated can be carried out both by the upper part in a gravitational manner, in which case the materials are generally dispersed by a rotating plate integral with the rotor, or a suspension in the incoming gas, or by combining the two previous feeding modes.
  • the collection of materials whose dimensions are greater than the determined grain size of selection is carried out via an inverted cone-shaped hopper, located under the rotor.
  • the walls of the hopper must have a significant slope relative to the horizontal, generally 50 to 60 °, to ensure the gravity flow of the materials towards the outlet, at the tip of the cone. This slope determines the height of the conical hopper, which constitutes a substantial part of the height of the complete apparatus. The height of this hopper can not be reduced and may pose problems of integration in some facilities.
  • this lower hopper requires to provide motorization of the rotor at the top of the device.
  • the gas outlet is immediately followed by a bend in order to position the rotor motor above this elbow.
  • This configuration however requires to provide the rotation shaft connecting the motor and the rotor of sufficient length to be able to cross the elbow. Inside this bend, the rotation shaft must be protected by a sheath whose outer coating, specific, must resist abrasion.
  • Another disadvantage of this type of apparatus is that the separation between the grains of smaller and larger dimensions is not perfect, a portion of the fine grains, less than said determined particle size, falling with the larger grains in the hopper.
  • selection bypass The rate of said fine grains rejected with the coarse materials is commonly called "selection bypass” and constitutes an imperfection.
  • This imperfection can be the result of a group effect, the fine grains, attached to larger grains, being rejected by the rotor, thus falling in the hopper, or even a poor supply of powdery materials in the device.
  • the object of the present invention is to overcome all or part of the aforementioned drawbacks.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide such a device, or even a method, for reducing the selection bypass, namely the rate of fines rejected with coarse materials.
  • Another object of the present invention may be to propose a size separation device of limited size in height.
  • Another object of the present invention may be to provide such a device whose rotor motor architecture is substantially simplified.
  • said collection means comprise a fluidized bed peripheral system, the bed of which extends around the axis of said cylindrical rotor, at least below said blades and the inter-space between said blades and said blade. rotor, the velocity of the fluidization gas in a horizontal section of the fluidized bed being less than 1 m / s so as to produce a new separation between the fines and the coarse materials for which said fines are returned to inter-space between said vanes and said rotor.
  • the invention also relates to a method of using a granulometric separation device according to the invention in which a fraction of pulverulent material is introduced into said envelope between the blades and the rotor of the device and is divided, of a on the other hand, in a fraction of fine material, of particle size smaller than a determined particle size, entrained by said gaseous flow returning through the rotor towards the outlet, in particular an upper outlet, of the device and, on the other hand, in a coarse fraction, of dimension of particles greater than said determined particle size, rejected by the rotor to said means for collecting the device, in which method the average velocity of fluidization air is determined in a horizontal section of the fluidized bed less than 1 m / second and in such a way as to minimize in the discharges the rate of particles smaller than said determined particle size.
  • the figure 1 is a diagram illustrating a separation device of the state of the art.
  • This device 1 ' comprises an envelope 6', inside which a rotor 2 ', provided with blades 3' on its periphery, can rotate about a vertical axis of rotation.
  • the blades guide a gas flow towards the blades 3 'to the center of the rotor.
  • the blades are provided with pivots, along a vertical axis, which allow their movement in order to adjust their orientation to adapt the speed of the gases reaching the rotor to the speed of rotation of the rotor.
  • the pivots of all the guide vanes are connected to the same device for simultaneously orienting all the blades at the same angle relative to the peripheral surface of the rotor.
  • a hopper 10 ' arranged lower than the rotor and the blades of the device, allows the collection of dropped materials, rejected by the rotor, while the materials entrained by the aspirated gases, are discharged through the outlet 9'.
  • This output 9 ' is immediately followed by a bend 90' to allow the positioning of the motor of the rotor above this elbow.
  • the rotation shaft 21 ' belonging together with the rotor and its motor (not shown), crosses the bend inside which it is protected. by a sheath 22 '.
  • the gas supply of the device is performed by the envelope 6 'and by a vertical sheath 5' extending said envelope 6 'downwardly including the hopper 10'.
  • the materials to be sorted may be suspended in the fed gas stream, or may be discharged at the top of the rotor at points of introduction 8 '.
  • the hopper 10 ' has a substantial height for the device, and thus participates in the overall height.
  • the hopper also forces the motor to be positioned above the rotor 2 '.
  • blades 7 are fixed relative to the casing 6 that they do not rotate with the blades 3 of the rotor.
  • These vanes are nevertheless possibly adjustable in order to adapt the speed of the gas reaching the rotor to the rotational speed of said rotor.
  • the vanes 7 may be provided with pivots along a vertical axis, the pivots of all the guide vanes being connected to the same device which makes it possible to orient, at the same time, all the vanes at the same angle with respect to the peripheral surface of the rotor.
  • said collection means 10 comprise a fluidized bed peripheral system, the bed of which extends around the axis A of said cylindrical rotor 2, at least below said blades 7 and below the inter-space between said blades 7 and the rotor 2.
  • the velocity of the fluidization gas in a horizontal section of the fluidized bed is less than 1 m / s, in particular between 30 and 50 mm / s, so as to produce a new separation between the fine materials and the coarse materials for which said fine materials are returned in the inter gap between said blades 7 and said rotor 2.
  • the peripheral fluidized bed system may comprise a trough 11 forming a peripheral corridor, the bottom of said corridor having means 16, 17, 18 for blowing air.
  • Said trough 11 in a substantially horizontal plane, is constructed in such a way as to constitute said fluidized bed for the granular materials thus collected.
  • the air blowing means may take the form of a porous wall 18, such as a fabric, defining the bottom of said trough downstream of a plenum 17 provided with a gas supply 16.
  • the air blowing means can take the form of a plurality of nozzles, especially metal, distributed on the bottom of said trough, in front of a plenum provided with a gas supply.
  • the peripheral channel of said trough may consist of a set of straight troughs, placed end to end, in a polygonal configuration.
  • the device may have means for discharging the collected materials into said trough in one or more collectors 22.
  • these means may take the form of an overflow, an underflow, withdrawal means, or other .
  • each straight gutter of the polygon may have a slight slope, the sections of the corridor thus constituting so many airslides.
  • a collector may be provided at the bottom of each of said airslides to collect the granular material.
  • FIG. figure 2 it is a collector 22 inside the peripheral corridor.
  • the materials are evacuated from the peripheral corridor by overflow or overflow.
  • the collector (s) 22 can thus be located inside the peripheral corridor, as illustrated in FIG. figure 2 , positioned on the peripheral corridor notably at the corners of a polygon, or else provided outside the peripheral corridor.
  • the handling device 23 may be an airlifter, or a mechanical conveyor such as Archimedes screw, a chain conveyor, a vibrating corridor, a conveyor belt or others.
  • the outlet 14 of the collecting means 10 may be at a reduced vertical distance relative to the position of the rotor.
  • the material fed into said casing 6 can be provided with the gas stream returning in the form of a suspension.
  • the feed material may be brought gravity over the rotor and be dispersed by a rotating plate 24 integral in rotation with the rotor. In all cases, the fed material arrives in large quantity in the zone between the vanes and the blades of the rotor, zone where the great part of the selection is made.
  • the example of figure 2 comprises a rotor 2 of cylindrical shape with vertical axis A provided at its periphery with blades 3 regularly spaced.
  • the rotor 2 is traversed by a gaseous stream loaded with particles, which penetrates through its lateral surface and exits at the center of its upper base in an axial direction towards the outlet 9.
  • the other lower base 25 is completely closed.
  • the rotor 2 is driven by a motor assembly via: a vertical shaft 26.
  • the particles are subjected to the centrifugal force which opposes their entry through the blades 3 while the speed of the gas prints a drag force which drives the particles towards the center.
  • the balance between the two forces is such that the finer particles are entrained with the gas to the outlet 9 while the coarse particles are rejected by the rotor and fall to be collected by the collection means 10.
  • the collection means 10 comprise a peripheral fluidized bed system whose bed extends around the axis A of the cylindrical rotor 2 at least below the vanes 7 and below the inter space between said vanes 7 and the rotor 2 of the device. Making the bed thus covers said inter space between the vanes 7 and the blades 3 of the rotor, inter space from which falls the majority of non-driven materials, rejected by the rotor.
  • the rotor 2 is surrounded by a row of regularly spaced vertical vanes 7 arranged in a virtual cylinder. These blades are provided with pivots, according to a vertical axis, which allow their movement in order to to adjust their orientation to adapt the speed of the gas reaching the rotor to the speed of rotation of the rotor.
  • the pivots of all the vanes 7 are connected to the same device which makes it possible to orient at the same time all the vanes at the same angle with respect to the peripheral surface of the rotor.
  • the rotor 2 is also provided with blades 27 situated between the peripheral blades 3 and the shaft 26, serving to guide the gas veins issuing from the peripheral blades 3 towards the outlet orifice, thus avoiding the formation of a vortex at inside the rotor.
  • the material supplied to the rotor 2 is supplied by higher points of introduction 81 and is dispersed by a plate 24. Part of the pulverulent materials can also be provided with the gas stream 51. The dispersed materials, or else suspended in the gas flow are sorted for the most part in the inter-space between the vanes and the rotor.
  • the feed means of a gas flow are constituted by said envelope 6 as well as a vertical sheath 5 extending said envelope 6 downwards.
  • the vertical casing / sheath assembly thus encompasses, from bottom to top, said collection means 10, as well as the blade 7 / cylindrical rotor assembly 2.
  • the collection means 10 comprise a trough forming a peripheral corridor consisting of a succession of straight troughs, placed end to end.
  • the granular material is discharged from the fluidized bed by overflow.
  • the outer edge 21 of said trough is at a level higher than the inner edge 20, said inner edge constituting a discharge edge of materials to a manifold 22.
  • the collector 22 discharges the material through a handling device 23 horizontally, such as for example by an airslide.
  • figure 3 differs from that of the figure 2 by the shape of the supply means of a gas flow.
  • said supply means a gaseous flow are constituted by said casing 6 which surrounds the blade assembly 7 / cylindrical rotor 2, with the exception of said collection means 10 which remain free of access, especially in the case of maintenance.
  • Said blades 7 materialize the lateral surface of a virtual cylinder coaxial with the axis A of the cylindrical rotor 2.
  • the volume defined between the inner wall of said envelope 6 and the lateral surface of said virtual cylinder forms a volute.
  • the other elements of the device of the figure 3 are identical to those of the figure 2 .
  • the cross section of the volute, in each radial plane intersecting the axis of the rotor can be decreasing, especially linearly, depending on the center angle originating from the gas supply inlet 61.
  • the casing 6, forming the outer wall of the volute may have a double inclination with a lower inclined wall section 64, in particular at an angle to the horizontal greater than or equal to 30 °, and a vertical upper wall section 65.
  • the inclined bottom wall 64 allows, by its slope, to prevent the deposition of powdery materials and thus the formation of a layer of stagnant material in the volute.
  • the fluidized bed peripheral system may allow to leave an interior clearance to said system, for motorizing the retort from below with a much simpler implementation than a higher engine.
  • the overall height can be further limited by a rotation shaft 26 of reduced length.
  • the various sections forming the peripheral corridor of said trough 11 may have one or more slopes at the bottom of which one or more material collectors may be provided, as previously described.
  • the advantage of the invention lies in the arrangement and the method operating the collection means, more particularly the fluidized bed in order to reduce the bypass.
  • the velocity of the gas of the fluidized bed in a horizontal section may be less than 1 m / second, especially between 30 to 50 mm / s, so as to minimize the quantity of the finest particles entrained with the discharges. coarse.
  • This average fluidization air speed is determined so that a new sorting (new separation) takes place in which only the finest grains, smaller than the determined particle size, are entrained by the air escaping from the corridor, and returned to the stream of gas flow entering the inter space between the blades and blades of the device.
  • a new sorting new separation
  • some of the thinnest grains that were rejected during the first selection process by the rotor may return to the sorting area, ahead of the rotor.
  • the invention also relates to a method of using a device 1 for separating granulometric selective solid pulverulent materials, centrifugal action according to the invention, wherein is introduced a fraction of pulverulent materials in said envelope 6 between the blades and the rotor of the device and is divided, on the one hand, into a fraction of fine materials, of particle size smaller than a determined particle size, driven by said gas flow entering through the rotor to the outlet, in particular upper, the device, and secondly, in a fraction of coarse materials, of particle size greater than said determined particle size, rejected by the cylindrical rotor and falling in said collection means of the device.
  • the speed is determined medium of fluidization air in a horizontal section of the fluidized bed less than 1 m / s and so as to minimize in the discharges the rate of particles below said determined particle size.

Description

La présente invention concerne un dispositif de séparation granulométrique sélective de matières pulvérulentes solides, à action centrifuge, ainsi qu'un procédé d'utilisation d'un tel dispositif.The present invention relates to a device for separating granulometric selective solid pulverulent materials, centrifugal action, and a method of using such a device.

Ce type de dispositif permet de séparer un flot de particules présent dans un courant de gaz en deux fractions, l'une fine inférieure à une granulométrie déterminée, l'autre grossière supérieure à ladite granulométrie.This type of device makes it possible to separate a stream of particles present in a stream of gas in two fractions, one fine smaller than a given particle size, the other coarse larger than said particle size.

Un tel dispositif est également dénommé dans le milieu industriel correspondant « Sélecteur à air à action centrifuge ».Such a device is also referred to in the corresponding industrial environment "Centrifugal air selector".

La séparation est réalisée à l'aide d'un rotor cylindrique à axe vertical, muni de pales régulièrement réparties sur sa périphérie, et entre lesquelles les particules sont soumises à des forces antagonistes, à savoir, d'une part, la force centrifuge générée par la rotation du rotor et qui tend à les rejeter, et d'autre part, la force de traînée générée par la vitesse d'un gaz aspiré vers le centre du rotor, et qui tend à les entraîner avec lui vers la sortie dudit gaz.The separation is carried out using a cylindrical rotor with vertical axis, provided with blades regularly distributed on its periphery, and between which the particles are subjected to antagonistic forces, namely, on the one hand, the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the rotor and which tends to reject them, and secondly, the drag force generated by the speed of a gas sucked towards the center of the rotor, and which tends to drive with him towards the exit of said gas .

Ainsi, la force centrifuge est plus élevée pour les particules de dimensions les plus grosses et la force de traînée plus élevée pour les particules de dimensions les plus faibles, ce qui réalise la sélection granulométrique des matières traitées. Les matières aux dimensions inférieures à une granulométrie déterminée de sélection sont donc entraînées avec le gaz vers la sortie dudit gaz, tandis que les matières aux dimensions supérieures à ladite granulométrie déterminée retombent et sont collectées de façon gravitaire.Thus, the centrifugal force is higher for the larger sized particles and the higher drag force for the smaller sized particles, which achieves granulometric selection of the treated materials. Substances having dimensions smaller than a determined selection particle size are thus entrained with the gas towards the outlet of said gas, while the materials with dimensions greater than said determined particle size fall back and are collected in a gravitational manner.

De tels dispositifs à haute performance de séparation sont notamment décrits dans les documents FR-2.642.994 ou FR-2.658.096 .Such high performance separation devices are described in particular in the documents FR-2642994 or FR-2658096 .

L'alimentation des matières à traiter peut être réalisée à la fois par la partie supérieure de façon gravitaire, dans lequel cas les matières sont généralement dispersées par un plateau tournant solidaire du rotor, ou comme une suspension dans le gaz entrant, ou encore en combinant les deux modes d'alimentation précédents.The feed of the materials to be treated can be carried out both by the upper part in a gravitational manner, in which case the materials are generally dispersed by a rotating plate integral with the rotor, or a suspension in the incoming gas, or by combining the two previous feeding modes.

Dans les appareils connus de l'état de la technique, la collecte de matières dont les dimensions sont supérieures à la granulométrie déterminée de sélection est réalisée par l'intermédiaire d'une trémie en forme de cône inversé, située sous le rotor. Les parois de la trémie doivent avoir une pente importante par rapport à l'horizontale, généralement de 50 à 60 °, pour assurer l'écoulement gravitaire des matières vers la sortie, à la pointe du cône. Cette pente détermine la hauteur de la trémie conique, qui constitue une partie substantielle de la hauteur de l'appareil complet. La hauteur de cette trémie ne peut ainsi être réduite et peut poser des problèmes d'intégration dans certaines installations.In the known apparatus of the state of the art, the collection of materials whose dimensions are greater than the determined grain size of selection is carried out via an inverted cone-shaped hopper, located under the rotor. The walls of the hopper must have a significant slope relative to the horizontal, generally 50 to 60 °, to ensure the gravity flow of the materials towards the outlet, at the tip of the cone. This slope determines the height of the conical hopper, which constitutes a substantial part of the height of the complete apparatus. The height of this hopper can not be reduced and may pose problems of integration in some facilities.

En outre, la structure et l'encombrement de cette trémie inférieure impose de prévoir la motorisation du rotor à la partie supérieure du dispositif. A cette fin, la sortie des gaz est suivie immédiatement d'un coude afin de pouvoir positionner le moteur du rotor au-dessus de ce coude. Cette configuration nécessite toutefois de prévoir l'arbre de rotation reliant le moteur et le rotor d'une longueur suffisante afin de pouvoir traverser le coude. A l'intérieur de ce coude, l'arbre de rotation doit être protégé par une gaine dont le revêtement extérieur, spécifique, doit résister à l'abrasion.In addition, the structure and size of this lower hopper requires to provide motorization of the rotor at the top of the device. For this purpose, the gas outlet is immediately followed by a bend in order to position the rotor motor above this elbow. This configuration however requires to provide the rotation shaft connecting the motor and the rotor of sufficient length to be able to cross the elbow. Inside this bend, the rotation shaft must be protected by a sheath whose outer coating, specific, must resist abrasion.

On connaît toutefois du document GB 943722 un sélecteur de génération antérieur apte à séparer des matières pulvérulentes en deux fractions, l'une de granulométrie fine, l'autre de granulométrie grossière, et enseignant une collecte des matières grâce à un système de collecte à lit fluidisé, de faible pente, afin de réduire la hauteur du dispositif.However, document is known GB 943722 a former generation selector capable of separating pulverulent materials into two fractions, one of fine particle size, the other of coarse particle size, and teaching a collection of materials through a fluidized bed collection system, of low slope, so to reduce the height of the device.

Un autre inconvénient de ce type d'appareil est que la séparation entre les grains de dimensions inférieures et supérieures n'est pas parfaite, une partie des grains fins, inférieurs à ladite granulométrie déterminée, chutant avec les grains les plus gros dans la trémie.Another disadvantage of this type of apparatus is that the separation between the grains of smaller and larger dimensions is not perfect, a portion of the fine grains, less than said determined particle size, falling with the larger grains in the hopper.

Le taux desdits grains fins rejetés avec les matières grossières est couramment appelé « by-pass de sélection » et constitue une imperfection. Cette imperfection peut être le résultat d'un effet de groupe, les grains fins, attachés à des grains plus gros, étant rejetés par le rotor, chutant ainsi dans la trémie, voire d'une mauvaise alimentation des matières pulvérulentes dans le dispositif.The rate of said fine grains rejected with the coarse materials is commonly called "selection bypass" and constitutes an imperfection. This imperfection can be the result of a group effect, the fine grains, attached to larger grains, being rejected by the rotor, thus falling in the hopper, or even a poor supply of powdery materials in the device.

Le but de la présente invention a pour objet de pallier tout ou partie des inconvénients précités.The object of the present invention is to overcome all or part of the aforementioned drawbacks.

Plus particulièrement, le but de la présente invention est de proposer un tel dispositif, voire un procédé, permettant de réduire le by-pass de sélection, à savoir le taux des matières fines rejetées avec les matières grossières.More particularly, the object of the present invention is to provide such a device, or even a method, for reducing the selection bypass, namely the rate of fines rejected with coarse materials.

Un autre but de la présente invention peut être de proposer un dispositif de séparation granulométrique d'encombrement en hauteur limitée.Another object of the present invention may be to propose a size separation device of limited size in height.

Un autre but de la présente invention peut être de proposer un tel dispositif dont l'architecture de motorisation du rotor est sensiblement simplifiée.Another object of the present invention may be to provide such a device whose rotor motor architecture is substantially simplified.

D'autres buts et avantages apparaîtront au cours de la , description qui va suivre qui n'est donnée qu'à titre indicatif et qui n'a pas pour but de la limiter.Other purposes and advantages will become apparent in the course of the following description, which is for illustrative purposes only and is not intended to limit it.

L'invention concerne tout d'abord un dispositif de séparation granulométrique sélective de matières pulvérulentes solides, à action centrifuge, apte à séparer les matières en deux fractions, une fraction de matières fines et une fraction de matières grossières, comprenant :

  • une enveloppe,
  • un rotor cylindrique, rotatif par rapport à ladite enveloppe selon un axe vertical, interne à ladite enveloppe, muni de pales réparties sur la périphérie dudit rotor,
  • des moyens d'alimentation dans ladite enveloppe d'un flux gazeux rentrant au travers desdites pales dans ledit rotor,
  • un ensemble d'aubes, internes à ladite enveloppe et entourant ledit rotor, fixes par rapport à ladite enveloppe et éventuellement orientables, disposées coaxialement en vis-à-vis des pales pour être traversées par ledit flux gazeux rentrant,
  • des moyens d'introduction des matières solides à trier dans ladite enveloppe,
  • une sortie du rotor, ladite sortie permettant l'évacuation dudit flux de gaz et des matières entraînées, fines,
  • des moyens de collecte, inférieurs audit rotor, pour les matières non entraînées, grossières, ayant chuté.
The invention firstly relates to a device for separating granulometric particles of solid powdery materials, with centrifugal action, capable of separating the materials into two fractions, a fraction of fine materials and a fraction of coarse materials, comprising:
  • an envelope,
  • a cylindrical rotor, rotatable relative to said casing along a vertical axis, internal to said casing, provided with blades distributed over the periphery of said rotor,
  • supply means in said casing with a gas flow returning through said blades in said rotor,
  • a set of vanes, internal to said casing and surrounding said rotor, fixed relative to said casing and optionally orientable, disposed coaxially opposite the blades to be traversed by said re-entrant gas flow,
  • means for introducing the solids to be sorted into said envelope,
  • an outlet of the rotor, said outlet allowing the evacuation of said gas stream and entrained, fine materials,
  • lower collection means for said rotor, for the untrained, coarse materials having fallen.

Selon l'invention, lesdits moyens de collecte comprennent un système périphérique à lit fluidisé, dont le lit s'étend autour de l'axe dudit rotor cylindrique, au moins en dessous desdites aubes et de l'inter espace compris entre lesdites aubes et ledit rotor, la vitesse du gaz de fluidisation dans une section horizontale du lit fluidisé étant inférieure à 1 m/s de telle façon à produire une nouvelle séparation entre les matières fines et les matières grossières pour laquelle lesdites matières fines sont renvoyées dans l'inter espace entre lesdites aubes et ledit rotor.According to the invention, said collection means comprise a fluidized bed peripheral system, the bed of which extends around the axis of said cylindrical rotor, at least below said blades and the inter-space between said blades and said blade. rotor, the velocity of the fluidization gas in a horizontal section of the fluidized bed being less than 1 m / s so as to produce a new separation between the fines and the coarse materials for which said fines are returned to inter-space between said vanes and said rotor.

L'invention concerne également un procédé d'utilisation d'un dispositif de séparation granulométrique conforme à l'invention dans lequel on introduit une fraction de matière pulvérulente dans ladite enveloppe entre les aubes et le rotor du dispositif et on la divise, d'une part, en une fraction de matière fine, de dimension de particules inférieures à une granulométrie déterminée, entraînée par ledit flux gazeux rentrant au travers du rotor vers la sortie, notamment supérieure, du dispositif et, d'autre part, en une fraction grossière, de dimension de particules supérieures à ladite granulométrie déterminée, rejetée par le rotor vers lesdits moyens de collecte du dispositif, procédé dans lequel on détermine la vitesse moyenne d'air de fluidisation dans une section horizontale du lit fluidisé inférieure à 1 m/seconde et de telle façon à minimiser dans les rejets le taux des particules inférieures à ladite granulométrie déterminée.The invention also relates to a method of using a granulometric separation device according to the invention in which a fraction of pulverulent material is introduced into said envelope between the blades and the rotor of the device and is divided, of a on the other hand, in a fraction of fine material, of particle size smaller than a determined particle size, entrained by said gaseous flow returning through the rotor towards the outlet, in particular an upper outlet, of the device and, on the other hand, in a coarse fraction, of dimension of particles greater than said determined particle size, rejected by the rotor to said means for collecting the device, in which method the average velocity of fluidization air is determined in a horizontal section of the fluidized bed less than 1 m / second and in such a way as to minimize in the discharges the rate of particles smaller than said determined particle size.

L'invention sera mieux comprise à la lecture de la description suivante accompagnée des dessins en annexe parmi lesquels :

  • La figure 1 est une vue schématique d'un dispositif de séparation granulométrique de l'état de la technique,
  • la figure 2 est une vue d'un dispositif de séparation granulométrique conforme à l'invention selon un mode de réalisation,
  • la figure 3 et une vue schématique d'un dispositif conforme à l'invention selon un second mode de réalisation,
  • la figure 4 est un graphique illustrant pour une installation de l'état de la technique selon la figure 1, le taux de rejet en fonction du diamètre de particules,
  • la figure 5 est une vue schématique d'un dispositif conforme à l'invention selon un troisième mode de réalisation.
The invention will be better understood on reading the following description accompanied by the appended drawings among which:
  • The figure 1 is a schematic view of a device granulometric separation of the state of the art,
  • the figure 2 is a view of a granulometric separation device according to the invention according to one embodiment,
  • the figure 3 and a schematic view of a device according to the invention according to a second embodiment,
  • the figure 4 is a graph illustrating for an installation of the state of the art according to the figure 1 , the rejection rate as a function of the particle diameter,
  • the figure 5 is a schematic view of a device according to the invention according to a third embodiment.

La figure 1 est un schéma illustrant un dispositif de séparation de l'état de la technique.The figure 1 is a diagram illustrating a separation device of the state of the art.

Ce dispositif 1' comprend une enveloppe 6', à l'intérieur de laquelle un rotor 2', muni de pales 3' sur sa périphérie, peut tourner selon un axe de rotation vertical.This device 1 'comprises an envelope 6', inside which a rotor 2 ', provided with blades 3' on its periphery, can rotate about a vertical axis of rotation.

Un ensemble d'aubes 7' entoure le rotor 2', en vis-à-vis des pales. Les aubes permettent de guider un flux gazeux en direction des pales 3' vers le centre du rotor. Les aubes sont munies de pivots, selon un axe vertical, qui permettent leur mouvement afin d'ajuster leur orientation pour adapter la vitesse des gaz atteignant le rotor à la vitesse de rotation du rotor.A set of blades 7 'surrounds the rotor 2', vis-à-vis the blades. The blades guide a gas flow towards the blades 3 'to the center of the rotor. The blades are provided with pivots, along a vertical axis, which allow their movement in order to adjust their orientation to adapt the speed of the gases reaching the rotor to the speed of rotation of the rotor.

Les pivots de toutes les aubes directrices sont reliés à un même dispositif permettant d'orienter en même temps toutes les aubes selon un même angle par rapport à la surface périphérique du rotor.The pivots of all the guide vanes are connected to the same device for simultaneously orienting all the blades at the same angle relative to the peripheral surface of the rotor.

Une trémie 10', disposée inférieure au rotor et aux aubes du dispositif, permet la collecte des matières ayant chuté, rejetées par le rotor, tandis que les matières entraînées par les gaz aspirés, sont évacuées par la sortie 9'.A hopper 10 ', arranged lower than the rotor and the blades of the device, allows the collection of dropped materials, rejected by the rotor, while the materials entrained by the aspirated gases, are discharged through the outlet 9'.

Cette sortie 9' est immédiatement suivie d'un coude 90' afin d'autoriser le positionnement de la motorisation du rotor au-dessus de ce coude. L'arbre de rotation 21', appartenant conjointement au rotor et à sa motorisation (non illustrée), traverse ce coude à l'intérieur duquel il est protégé par une gaine 22'.This output 9 'is immediately followed by a bend 90' to allow the positioning of the motor of the rotor above this elbow. The rotation shaft 21 ', belonging together with the rotor and its motor (not shown), crosses the bend inside which it is protected. by a sheath 22 '.

L'alimentation en gaz du dispositif est réalisée par l'enveloppe 6' ainsi que par une gaine verticale 5' prolongeant ladite enveloppe 6' vers le bas en englobant la trémie 10'.The gas supply of the device is performed by the envelope 6 'and by a vertical sheath 5' extending said envelope 6 'downwardly including the hopper 10'.

Les matières à trier peuvent être en suspension dans le courant de gaz alimenté, ou encore être déversées à la partie supérieure du rotor au niveau de points d'introduction 8'.The materials to be sorted may be suspended in the fed gas stream, or may be discharged at the top of the rotor at points of introduction 8 '.

Comme il peut être constaté sur la figure 1, selon l'état de la technique, la trémie 10' présente une hauteur substantielle pour le dispositif, et participe donc à l'encombrement en hauteur. La trémie oblige en outre de positionner la motorisation au dessus du rotor 2'.As it can be seen on the figure 1 , according to the state of the art, the hopper 10 'has a substantial height for the device, and thus participates in the overall height. The hopper also forces the motor to be positioned above the rotor 2 '.

L'invention concerne un dispositif 1 de séparation granulométrique sélective de matières pulvérulentes solides, à action centrifuge, comprenant :

  • une enveloppe 6,
  • un rotor cylindrique 2, rotatif par rapport à ladite enveloppe selon un axe vertical, interne à ladite enveloppe, muni de pales 3 réparties sur la périphérie dudit rotor,
  • des moyens d'alimentation dans ladite enveloppe 6 d'un flux gazeux rentrant au travers desdites pales 3, dans ledit rotor 2,
  • un ensemble d'aubes 7, internes à ladite enveloppe 6 et entourant ledit rotor 2, fixes par rapport à ladite enveloppe et éventuellement orientables, disposées coaxialement en vis-à-vis des pales pour être traversées par ledit flux gazeux rentrant,
  • des moyens d'introduction des matières solides à trier dans ladite enveloppe 6,
  • une sortie, notamment supérieure audit rotor 2, notamment agencée par rapport auxdits moyens d'alimentation d'un flux gazeux de telle façon à engendrer un flux de gaz ascendant à l'intérieur dudit rotor, ladite sortie 9 permettant l'évacuation dudit flux de gaz, notamment ascendant, et des matières entraînées, fines,
  • des moyens de collecte 10, inférieurs audit rotor 2, pour les matières non entraînées, grossières, ayant chuté.
The invention relates to a device 1 for separating granulometric particles of solid powdery materials, with centrifugal action, comprising:
  • an envelope 6,
  • a cylindrical rotor 2, rotatable relative to said casing along a vertical axis, internal to said casing, provided with blades 3 distributed over the periphery of said rotor,
  • supply means in said casing 6 of a gas flow entering through said blades 3, in said rotor 2,
  • a set of blades 7, internal to said casing 6 and surrounding said rotor 2, fixed with respect to said casing and possibly adjustable, arranged coaxially opposite the blades to be traversed by said re-entrant gas flow,
  • means for introducing the solids to be sorted into said envelope 6,
  • an outlet, in particular greater than said rotor 2, in particular arranged with respect to said means for supplying a gas flow so as to generate an ascending gas flow inside said rotor, said outlet 9 allowing the evacuation of said flow of gas, especially ascending, and entrained, fine materials,
  • collection means 10, less than said rotor 2, for untrained, coarse materials having dropped.

On entend par le fait que les aubes 7 sont fixes par rapport à l'enveloppe 6 le fait qu'elles ne tournent pas avec les pales 3 du rotor. Ces aubes sont néanmoins éventuellement orientables afin d'adapter la vitesse du gaz atteignant le rotor à la vitesse de rotation dudit rotor.It is meant that the blades 7 are fixed relative to the casing 6 that they do not rotate with the blades 3 of the rotor. These vanes are nevertheless possibly adjustable in order to adapt the speed of the gas reaching the rotor to the rotational speed of said rotor.

A cette fin, les aubes 7 peuvent être munies de pivots selon un axe vertical, les pivots de toutes les aubes directrices étant reliés à un même dispositif qui permet d'orienter, en même temps, toutes les aubes selon le même angle par rapport à la surface périphérique du rotor.To this end, the vanes 7 may be provided with pivots along a vertical axis, the pivots of all the guide vanes being connected to the same device which makes it possible to orient, at the same time, all the vanes at the same angle with respect to the peripheral surface of the rotor.

Selon l'invention, lesdits moyens de collecte 10 comprennent un système périphérique à lit fluidisé, dont le lit s'étend autour de l'axe A dudit rotor cylindrique 2, au moins en dessous desdites aubes 7 et en dessous de l'inter espace compris entre lesdites aubes 7 et le rotor 2.According to the invention, said collection means 10 comprise a fluidized bed peripheral system, the bed of which extends around the axis A of said cylindrical rotor 2, at least below said blades 7 and below the inter-space between said blades 7 and the rotor 2.

En outre, afin de réduire le by-pass de sélection, la vitesse du gaz de fluidisation dans une section horizontale du lit fluidisé est inférieure à 1 m/s, notamment comprise entre 30 et 50 mm/s, de telle façon à produire une nouvelle séparation entre les matières fines et les matières grossières pour laquelle lesdites matières fines sont renvoyées dans l'inter espace entre lesdites aubes 7 et ledit rotor 2.In addition, in order to reduce the selection bypass, the velocity of the fluidization gas in a horizontal section of the fluidized bed is less than 1 m / s, in particular between 30 and 50 mm / s, so as to produce a new separation between the fine materials and the coarse materials for which said fine materials are returned in the inter gap between said blades 7 and said rotor 2.

Tel qu'illustré, selon l'exemple de la figure 2, le système périphérique à lit fluidisé peut comprendre une auge 11 formant un couloir périphérique, le fond dudit couloir présentant des moyens 16, 17, 18 de soufflage d'air.As illustrated, following the example of figure 2 , the peripheral fluidized bed system may comprise a trough 11 forming a peripheral corridor, the bottom of said corridor having means 16, 17, 18 for blowing air.

Ladite auge 11, dans un plan sensiblement horizontal, est construite de telle façon à constituer ledit lit fluidisé pour les matières granuleuses ainsi recueillies.Said trough 11, in a substantially horizontal plane, is constructed in such a way as to constitute said fluidized bed for the granular materials thus collected.

Les moyens de soufflage d'air peuvent prendre la forme d'une paroi poreuse 18, telle qu'une toile, définissant le fond de ladite auge en aval d'un plenum 17 pourvu d'une alimentation en gaz 16.The air blowing means may take the form of a porous wall 18, such as a fabric, defining the bottom of said trough downstream of a plenum 17 provided with a gas supply 16.

Alternativement, les moyens de soufflage d'air peuvent prendre la forme d'une pluralité de buses, notamment métalliques, réparties sur le fond de ladite auge, en avant d'un plenum pourvu d'une alimentation en gaz.Alternatively, the air blowing means can take the form of a plurality of nozzles, especially metal, distributed on the bottom of said trough, in front of a plenum provided with a gas supply.

Le couloir périphérique de ladite auge peut être constitué d'un ensemble de gouttières droites, mises bout à bout, selon une configuration en polygone.The peripheral channel of said trough may consist of a set of straight troughs, placed end to end, in a polygonal configuration.

Le dispositif peut présenter des moyens pour déverser les matières collectées dans ladite auge dans un ou plusieurs collecteurs 22. A cette fin, ces moyens peuvent prendre la forme d'une surverse, d'une sous-verse, de moyens de soutirage, ou autres.The device may have means for discharging the collected materials into said trough in one or more collectors 22. For this purpose, these means may take the form of an overflow, an underflow, withdrawal means, or other .

Selon un exemple non illustré, chaque gouttière droite du polygone peut présenter une faible pente, les tronçons du couloir constituant alors ainsi autant d'aéroglissières. Un collecteur peut être prévu en bas de chacune desdites aéroglissières pour recueillir les matières granulaires.According to an unillustrated example, each straight gutter of the polygon may have a slight slope, the sections of the corridor thus constituting so many airslides. A collector may be provided at the bottom of each of said airslides to collect the granular material.

Selon un autre mode de réalisation, tel qu'illustré à la figure 2, il s'agit d'un collecteur 22 intérieur au couloir périphérique. Selon cet exemple, les matières sont évacuées du couloir périphérique par débordement ou surverse.According to another embodiment, as illustrated in FIG. figure 2 it is a collector 22 inside the peripheral corridor. According to this example, the materials are evacuated from the peripheral corridor by overflow or overflow.

Le ou les collecteurs 22 peuvent être ainsi situés intérieurs au couloir périphérique, tel qu'illustré à la figure 2, positionnés sur le couloir périphérique notamment aux angles d'un polygone, ou encore prévus extérieurs au couloir périphérique.The collector (s) 22 can thus be located inside the peripheral corridor, as illustrated in FIG. figure 2 , positioned on the peripheral corridor notably at the corners of a polygon, or else provided outside the peripheral corridor.

Une fois la matière recueillie dans le collecteur 22, celle-ci peut être évacuée par un dispositif de manutention 23. Le dispositif de manutention 23 peut être une aéroglissière, ou encore un convoyeur mécanique tel que vis d'Archimède, un convoyeur à chaîne, un couloir vibrant, un convoyeur à bande ou autres.Once the material collected in the manifold 22, it can be evacuated by a handling device 23. The handling device 23 may be an airlifter, or a mechanical conveyor such as Archimedes screw, a chain conveyor, a vibrating corridor, a conveyor belt or others.

Avantageusement, la sortie 14 des moyens de collecte 10 peut être à une distance verticale réduite par rapport à la position du rotor.Advantageously, the outlet 14 of the collecting means 10 may be at a reduced vertical distance relative to the position of the rotor.

La matière alimentée dans ladite enveloppe 6 peut être apportée avec le flux gazeux rentrant sous forme d'une suspension. Alternativement ou additionnellement, la matière alimentée peut être apportée de façon gravitaire au-dessus du rotor et être dispersée par un plateau tournant 24 solidaire en rotation du rotor. Dans tous les cas, la matière alimentée arrive en grande quantité dans la zone entre les aubes et les pales du rotor, zone où se fait la grande partie de la sélection.The material fed into said casing 6 can be provided with the gas stream returning in the form of a suspension. Alternatively or additionally, the feed material may be brought gravity over the rotor and be dispersed by a rotating plate 24 integral in rotation with the rotor. In all cases, the fed material arrives in large quantity in the zone between the vanes and the blades of the rotor, zone where the great part of the selection is made.

Nous décrivons maintenant l'exemple des figures 2 et 3.We now describe the example of figures 2 and 3 .

L'exemple de la figure 2 comprend un rotor 2 de forme cylindrique à axe vertical A muni à sa périphérie de pales 3 régulièrement espacées. Le rotor 2 est traversé par un courant gazeux chargé de particules, qui pénètre par sa surface latérale et ressort au centre de sa base supérieure dans une direction axiale vers la sortie 9. L'autre base inférieure 25 est totalement fermée.The example of figure 2 comprises a rotor 2 of cylindrical shape with vertical axis A provided at its periphery with blades 3 regularly spaced. The rotor 2 is traversed by a gaseous stream loaded with particles, which penetrates through its lateral surface and exits at the center of its upper base in an axial direction towards the outlet 9. The other lower base 25 is completely closed.

Le rotor 2 est mû par un ensemble moteur par l'intermédiaire : d'un arbre vertical 26.The rotor 2 is driven by a motor assembly via: a vertical shaft 26.

Par l'effet de la rotation du rotor 2, les particules sont soumises à la force centrifuge qui s'oppose à leur entrée à travers les pales 3 tandis que la vitesse des gaz imprime une force de traînée qui entraîne les particules vers le centre. L'équilibre entre les deux forces est telle que les particules les plus fines sont entraînées avec le gaz vers la sortie 9 alors que les particules grossières sont rejetées par le rotor et tombent pour être collectées par les moyens de collecte 10.By the effect of the rotation of the rotor 2, the particles are subjected to the centrifugal force which opposes their entry through the blades 3 while the speed of the gas prints a drag force which drives the particles towards the center. The balance between the two forces is such that the finer particles are entrained with the gas to the outlet 9 while the coarse particles are rejected by the rotor and fall to be collected by the collection means 10.

Selon l'invention, les moyens de collecte 10 comprennent un système périphérique à lit fluidisé dont le lit s'étend autour de l'axe A du rotor 2 cylindrique au moins en dessous des aubes 7 et en dessous de l'inter espace compris entre lesdites aubes 7 et le rotor 2 du dispositif. Se faisant le lit recouvre ainsi ledit inter espace entre les aubes 7 et les pales 3 du rotor, inter espace à partir duquel tombe la majorité des matières non entraînées, rejetées par le rotor.According to the invention, the collection means 10 comprise a peripheral fluidized bed system whose bed extends around the axis A of the cylindrical rotor 2 at least below the vanes 7 and below the inter space between said vanes 7 and the rotor 2 of the device. Making the bed thus covers said inter space between the vanes 7 and the blades 3 of the rotor, inter space from which falls the majority of non-driven materials, rejected by the rotor.

Le rotor 2 est entouré par une rangée d'aubes verticales 7 régulièrement espacées, disposées selon un cylindre virtuel. Ces aubes sont munies de pivots, selon un axe vertical, qui permettent leur mouvement afin d'ajuster leur orientation pour adapter la vitesse du gaz atteignant le rotor à la vitesse de rotation du rotor. Les pivots de toutes les aubes 7 sont reliés à un même dispositif qui permet d'orienter en même temps toutes les aubes selon le même angle par rapport à la surface périphérique du rotor.The rotor 2 is surrounded by a row of regularly spaced vertical vanes 7 arranged in a virtual cylinder. These blades are provided with pivots, according to a vertical axis, which allow their movement in order to to adjust their orientation to adapt the speed of the gas reaching the rotor to the speed of rotation of the rotor. The pivots of all the vanes 7 are connected to the same device which makes it possible to orient at the same time all the vanes at the same angle with respect to the peripheral surface of the rotor.

Le rotor 2 est également muni de pales 27 situées entre les pales périphériques 3 et l'arbre 26, servant à guider vers l'orifice de sortie les veines de gaz qui sortent des pales 3 périphériques, évitant ainsi la formation d'un vortex à l'intérieur du rotor.The rotor 2 is also provided with blades 27 situated between the peripheral blades 3 and the shaft 26, serving to guide the gas veins issuing from the peripheral blades 3 towards the outlet orifice, thus avoiding the formation of a vortex at inside the rotor.

La matière alimentée vers le rotor 2 est apportée par des points d'introduction 81, supérieurs et est dispersée par un plateau 24. Une partie des matières pulvérulentes peut être également apportée avec le flux gazeux 51. Les matières dispersées, ou encore en suspension dans le flux gazeux sont triées en majeure partie dans l'inter espace entre les aubes et le rotor.The material supplied to the rotor 2 is supplied by higher points of introduction 81 and is dispersed by a plate 24. Part of the pulverulent materials can also be provided with the gas stream 51. The dispersed materials, or else suspended in the gas flow are sorted for the most part in the inter-space between the vanes and the rotor.

Selon cet exemple de la figure 2, les moyens d'alimentation d'un flux gazeux sont constitués par ladite enveloppe 6 ainsi que par une gaine verticale 5 prolongeant ladite enveloppe 6 vers le bas. L'ensemble enveloppe/gaine verticale englobe ainsi, du bas vers le haut, lesdits moyens de collecte 10, ainsi que l'ensemble aubes 7/rotor cylindrique 2. Selon cet exemple de la figure 2, les moyens de collecte 10 comprennent une auge formant un couloir périphérique constitué d'une succession de gouttières droites, mises bout à bout. Selon cet exemple non limitatif, le déversement des matières granuleuses du lit fluidisé se fait par surverse. Telle qu'illustrée, la rive extérieure 21 de ladite auge est à un niveau supérieur à la rive intérieure 20, ladite rive intérieure constituant un bord de déversement de matières vers un collecteur 22. Le collecteur 22 évacue la matière grâce à un dispositif de manutention 23 globalement à l'horizontale, tel que par exemple par une aéroglissière.According to this example of the figure 2 , the feed means of a gas flow are constituted by said envelope 6 as well as a vertical sheath 5 extending said envelope 6 downwards. The vertical casing / sheath assembly thus encompasses, from bottom to top, said collection means 10, as well as the blade 7 / cylindrical rotor assembly 2. According to this example of the figure 2 , the collection means 10 comprise a trough forming a peripheral corridor consisting of a succession of straight troughs, placed end to end. According to this non-limiting example, the granular material is discharged from the fluidized bed by overflow. As illustrated, the outer edge 21 of said trough is at a level higher than the inner edge 20, said inner edge constituting a discharge edge of materials to a manifold 22. The collector 22 discharges the material through a handling device 23 horizontally, such as for example by an airslide.

L'exemple de la figure 3 diffère de celui de la figure 2 par la forme des moyens d'alimentation d'un flux gazeux.The example of figure 3 differs from that of the figure 2 by the shape of the supply means of a gas flow.

Selon cet exemple de la figure 3, lesdits moyens d'alimentation d'un flux gazeux sont constitués par ladite enveloppe 6 qui entoure l'ensemble aubes 7/rotor cylindrique 2, à l'exception desdits moyens de collecte 10 qui restent libres d'accès, notamment en cas de maintenance. Lesdites aubes 7 matérialisent la surface latérale d'un cylindre virtuel coaxial à l'axe A du rotor cylindrique 2. Le volume défini entre la paroi intérieure de ladite enveloppe 6 et la surface latérale dudit cylindre virtuel forme une volute.According to this example of the figure 3 , said supply means a gaseous flow are constituted by said casing 6 which surrounds the blade assembly 7 / cylindrical rotor 2, with the exception of said collection means 10 which remain free of access, especially in the case of maintenance. Said blades 7 materialize the lateral surface of a virtual cylinder coaxial with the axis A of the cylindrical rotor 2. The volume defined between the inner wall of said envelope 6 and the lateral surface of said virtual cylinder forms a volute.

Les autres éléments du dispositif de la figure 3 sont identiques à ceux de la figure 2. La section droite de la volute, dans chaque plan radial coupant l'axe du rotor peut être décroissante, notamment linéairement, en fonction de l'angle au centre ayant pour origine l'entrée d'alimentation 61 en gaz.The other elements of the device of the figure 3 are identical to those of the figure 2 . The cross section of the volute, in each radial plane intersecting the axis of the rotor can be decreasing, especially linearly, depending on the center angle originating from the gas supply inlet 61.

Dans le cas de matières pulvérulentes alimentées comme une suspension dans le flux gazeux, l'enveloppe 6, formant la paroi extérieure de la volute, peut présenter une double inclinaison avec une section de paroi inférieure 64 inclinée, notamment d'un angle par rapport à l'horizontale supérieur ou égal à 30°, et une section de paroi supérieure 65 verticale.In the case of pulverulent materials fed as a suspension in the gas flow, the casing 6, forming the outer wall of the volute, may have a double inclination with a lower inclined wall section 64, in particular at an angle to the horizontal greater than or equal to 30 °, and a vertical upper wall section 65.

La paroi inférieure inclinée 64 permet, par sa pente, d'éviter le dépôt des matières pulvérulentes et ainsi la formation d'une couche de matière stagnante dans la volute.The inclined bottom wall 64 allows, by its slope, to prevent the deposition of powdery materials and thus the formation of a layer of stagnant material in the volute.

Avantageusement, selon un mode de réalisation illustré à la figure 5, le système périphérique à lit fluidisé peut permettre de laisser un dégagement 30 intérieur audit système, permettant de motoriser le retor par le bas avec une mise en oeuvre beaucoup plus simple qu'une motorisation supérieure.Advantageously, according to an embodiment illustrated in FIG. figure 5 , the fluidized bed peripheral system may allow to leave an interior clearance to said system, for motorizing the retort from below with a much simpler implementation than a higher engine.

Selon cette configuration, on remarque que l'encombrement en hauteur peut être encore limité grâce à un arbre de rotation 26 de longueur réduite. Selon cet exemple, les divers tronçons formant le couloir périphérique de ladite auge 11 peuvent présenter une ou plusieurs pentes au bas de la ou desquelles un ou plusieurs collecteurs de matière peuvent être prévus, tel que précédemment décrit.According to this configuration, it is noted that the overall height can be further limited by a rotation shaft 26 of reduced length. According to this example, the various sections forming the peripheral corridor of said trough 11 may have one or more slopes at the bottom of which one or more material collectors may be provided, as previously described.

L'avantage de l'invention réside dans l'agencement et le mode de fonctionnement des moyens de collecte, plus particulièrement du lit fluidisé dans le but de réduire le by-pass.The advantage of the invention lies in the arrangement and the method operating the collection means, more particularly the fluidized bed in order to reduce the bypass.

Ainsi, avantageusement, la vitesse du gaz du lit fluidisé dans une section horizontale peut être inférieure à 1 m/seconde, notamment comprise entre 30 à 50 mm/s, de telle façon à minimiser la quantité de particules les plus fines entraînées avec les rejets grossiers.Thus, advantageously, the velocity of the gas of the fluidized bed in a horizontal section may be less than 1 m / second, especially between 30 to 50 mm / s, so as to minimize the quantity of the finest particles entrained with the discharges. coarse.

Cette vitesse moyenne d'air de fluidisation est déterminée afin qu'il se produise un nouveau tri (nouvelle séparation) dans lequel seuls les grains les plus fins, de dimensions inférieures à la granulométrie déterminée sont entraînés par l'air qui s'échappe du couloir, et renvoyés dans le courant de flux gazeux rentrant dans l'inter espace entre les pales et aubes du dispositif. Ainsi, une partie des grains les plus fins qui ont été rejetés au cours du premier processus de sélection par le rotor peuvent retourner dans la zone de tri, en avant du rotor.This average fluidization air speed is determined so that a new sorting (new separation) takes place in which only the finest grains, smaller than the determined particle size, are entrained by the air escaping from the corridor, and returned to the stream of gas flow entering the inter space between the blades and blades of the device. Thus, some of the thinnest grains that were rejected during the first selection process by the rotor may return to the sorting area, ahead of the rotor.

Si au contraire dans ce processus de fluidisation des grains de taille grossière, de dimensions supérieures à la granulométrie de sélection déterminée sont entraînés par le flux d'air qui s'échappe du couloir, ces grains seront soumis à nouveau au processus de tri, rejetés par le rotor, n'introduisant aucun risque de dégradation de la performance de l'appareil. Ainsi, l'invention concerne également un procédé d'utilisation d'un dispositif 1 de séparation granulométrique sélective de matières pulvérulentes solides, à action centrifuge selon l'invention, dans lequel on introduit une fraction de matières pulvérulentes dans ladite enveloppe 6 entre les aubes et le rotor du dispositif et on la divise, d'une part, en une fraction de matières fines, de dimensions de particules inférieures à une granulométrie déterminée, entraînées par ledit flux gazeux rentrant au travers du rotor vers la sortie, notamment supérieure, du dispositif, et d'autre part, en une fraction de matières grossières, de dimensions de particules supérieures à ladite granulométrie déterminée, rejetées par le rotor cylindrique et chutant dans lesdits moyens de collecte du dispositif.If, on the contrary, in this process of fluidization of the coarse grains, of dimensions greater than the determined selection particle size, are entrained by the flow of air that escapes from the corridor, these grains will be subjected again to the sorting process, rejected. by the rotor, introducing no risk of degradation of the performance of the device. Thus, the invention also relates to a method of using a device 1 for separating granulometric selective solid pulverulent materials, centrifugal action according to the invention, wherein is introduced a fraction of pulverulent materials in said envelope 6 between the blades and the rotor of the device and is divided, on the one hand, into a fraction of fine materials, of particle size smaller than a determined particle size, driven by said gas flow entering through the rotor to the outlet, in particular upper, the device, and secondly, in a fraction of coarse materials, of particle size greater than said determined particle size, rejected by the cylindrical rotor and falling in said collection means of the device.

Selon le procédé de l'invention, on détermine la vitesse moyenne d'air de fluidisation dans une section horizontale du lit fluidisé inférieure à 1 m/s et de telle façon à minimiser dans les rejets le taux des particules inférieures à ladite granulométrie déterminée.According to the method of the invention, the speed is determined medium of fluidization air in a horizontal section of the fluidized bed less than 1 m / s and so as to minimize in the discharges the rate of particles below said determined particle size.

Naturellement, d'autres modes de réalisation auraient pu être mis en oeuvre sans pour autant sortir du cadre de l'invention définie par les revendications ci-après.Naturally, other embodiments could have been implemented without departing from the scope of the invention defined by the claims below.

Claims (14)

  1. Device (1) for selective granulometric separation of solid powder material using centrifugal action, capable of separating material into two fractions, one fine material fraction of one coarse material fraction, including:
    - a housing (6),
    - a cylindrical rotor (2), rotating with respect to said housing according to a vertical axis, inside said housing, equipped with blades (3) distributed over the periphery of said rotor (2),
    - means for supplying a gas flow in said housing (6) entering through said blades (3) into said rotor (2),
    - a set of vanes (7), inside said housing (6) and surrounding said rotor (2), stationary with respect to said housing and optionally capable of being oriented, arranged coaxially opposite the blades (3) so as to be passed through by said incoming gas flow,
    - means (8) for supplying solid material to be sorted in said housing (6) between the vanes (7) and said rotor (2),
    - an outlet (9) of the rotor (2) for enabling discharge of the gaseous flow and driven fine material,
    - collection means (10), below said rotor (2), for the non-driven course material, having fallen,
    characterized in that said collection means (10) include a peripheral fluidized bed system, of which the bed extends around the axis (A) of the rotor (2) at least below said vanes (7) and the inter-space between said vanes (7) and the rotor (2), in which the rate of the fluidization gas in a horizontal section of the fluidized bed is less than 1 m/s, so as to produce a new separation between the fine material and the course material, for which said fine material is sent back to the inter-space between said vanes and said rotor.
  2. Device according to claim 1, in which said peripheral fluidized bed system includes a trough (11) forming a peripheral passage, with the base of said passage having air blowing means (16, 17, 18).
  3. Device according to claim 2, in which the peripheral passage consists of a set of straight gutters, placed end-to-end, according to a polygonal configuration.
  4. Device according to claim 2 or 3, in which the blowing means take the shape of a porous wall (18), such as a cloth, defining the base of said trough (11), downstream of a plenum (17) equipped with a gas supply (16).
  5. Device according to one of claims 2 or 3, in which a plurality of nozzles are distributed over the base of said trough, downstream of a plenum equipped with a gas supply.
  6. Device according to any one of claims 2 to 5, having means for pouring the materials collected in said trough into one or more collectors (22).
  7. Device according to claim 6, in which said collector (22) discharges the material by means of a materials handling device (23) such as an air slide, a screw conveyor, a chain conveyor, a vibrating passage, a conveyor belt or the like.
  8. Device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, in which the rate of the fluidization gas in a horizontal section of the fluidized bed, less than 1m/s, is between 30 and 50mm/s.
  9. Device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, in which said means for supplying a gas flow consist of said housing (6) as well as a vertical sheath (5) extending downward said housing, in which the vertical housing/sheath assembly encompasses, from bottom to top, said collection means (10) as well as the set of vanes (7) / cylindrical rotor (2).
  10. Device according to one of claims 1 to 8, in which said gas flow supply means consist of said housing (6), which surrounds the set of vanes (7) / cylindrical rotor (2), with the exception of said collection means (10), with the gas supply occurring laterally, and in which said vanes (7) produce the lateral surface of a virtual cylinder coaxial to the axis (A) of said cylindrical rotor, with the volume defined between the interior wall of said envelope (6) and the lateral surface of said virtual cylinder forms a scroll.
  11. Device according to claim 10, in which said housing (6) forming the exterior wall of the scroll has a double tilt with a lower wall section (64) tilted by an angle with respect to the horizontal of greater than or equal to 30° and a vertical upper wall section (65).
  12. Device according to claim 10 or 11, in which the motor means of the rotor are positioned below said rotor.
  13. Device according to one of claims 1 to 12, in which the outlet (9) is above the rotor (2), arranged with respect to said means for supplying a gas flow so as to produce a gas flow ascending inside said rotor (2).
  14. Process for using a device (1) for selective granulometric separation of solid powder material according to one of claims 1 to 13 in which a powder material fraction is introduced into said envelope (6) between the vanes and the rotor of the device, and it is divided, on the one hand, into a fine material fraction, with particle sizes below a determined particle size, driven by said gas flow entering through the rotor toward the outlet (9), in particular above, of the device (1), and, on the other hand, into a coarse material fraction, with particle sizes larger than said determined particle size, rejected by the cylindrical rotor toward said collection means of said device, in which method the average fluidization air flow rate in a horizontal section of the fluidized bed is determined to be less than 1m/s so as to minimize the rejected quantity particles smaller than said determined particle size.
EP10705898.4A 2009-01-29 2010-01-26 Device for the selective granulometric separation of solid powdery materials using centrifugal action, and method for using such a device Revoked EP2382056B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL10705898T PL2382056T3 (en) 2009-01-29 2010-01-26 Device for the selective granulometric separation of solid powdery materials using centrifugal action, and method for using such a device

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0900378A FR2941389B1 (en) 2009-01-29 2009-01-29 SELECTIVE GRANULOMETRIC SEPARATION DEVICE FOR SOLID PULVERULENT MATERIALS WITH CENTRIFUGAL ACTION AND METHOD OF USING SUCH A DEVICE
PCT/FR2010/000065 WO2010086528A1 (en) 2009-01-29 2010-01-26 Device for the selective granulometric separation of solid powdery materials using centrifugal action, and method for using such a device

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EP2382056B1 true EP2382056B1 (en) 2014-07-23

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US (1) US9022222B2 (en)
EP (1) EP2382056B1 (en)
JP (1) JP5735925B2 (en)
CN (1) CN102300647B (en)
CA (1) CA2750690A1 (en)
DK (1) DK2382056T3 (en)
ES (1) ES2496716T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2941389B1 (en)
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PL (1) PL2382056T3 (en)
RU (1) RU2513701C2 (en)
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ES2496716T3 (en) 2014-09-19
MX2011007809A (en) 2011-09-21
CN102300647A (en) 2011-12-28
RU2011135816A (en) 2013-03-10
UA102875C2 (en) 2013-08-27
EP2382056A1 (en) 2011-11-02
JP5735925B2 (en) 2015-06-17
CN102300647B (en) 2013-12-25
RU2513701C2 (en) 2014-04-20
PL2382056T3 (en) 2014-12-31
WO2010086528A1 (en) 2010-08-05
DK2382056T3 (en) 2014-09-08
US20110281713A1 (en) 2011-11-17
FR2941389B1 (en) 2011-10-14
JP2012516231A (en) 2012-07-19
FR2941389A1 (en) 2010-07-30
US9022222B2 (en) 2015-05-05
CA2750690A1 (en) 2010-08-05

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