EP2369608A1 - Hochspannungsschutzschalter - Google Patents
Hochspannungsschutzschalter Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2369608A1 EP2369608A1 EP10157975A EP10157975A EP2369608A1 EP 2369608 A1 EP2369608 A1 EP 2369608A1 EP 10157975 A EP10157975 A EP 10157975A EP 10157975 A EP10157975 A EP 10157975A EP 2369608 A1 EP2369608 A1 EP 2369608A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- contact
- contact member
- circuit breaker
- annular shield
- nominal
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
- H01H33/02—Details
- H01H33/24—Means for preventing discharge to non-current-carrying parts, e.g. using corona ring
- H01H33/245—Means for preventing discharge to non-current-carrying parts, e.g. using corona ring using movable field electrodes
Definitions
- the invention relates to a gas-insulated high-voltage circuit breaker comprising coaxially arranged:
- the main objective of such a circuit breaker is to disconnect a wide range of electric currents in a high-voltage network and to connect disconnected parts of the net.
- a dielectric breakdown may occur if a local electric field in a gap between two contact members exceeds a threshold value which depends on the character of the electric field and the dielectric design of the circuit breaker.
- a dielectric stressful disconnection or connection of a capacitive or an inductive circuit may weaken the dielectric strength of the circuit breaker and may eventually puncture the insulating nozzle and thus lead to a failure of the circuit breaker.
- a circuit breaker of the afore-mentioned type is described in US 6,177,643 B1 .
- the described circuit breaker comprises a contact assembly with two contact members from which a first is axially drivable and is firmly connected to an insulating nozzle.
- the second contact member comprises a pin-shaped arcing contact and a fixed contact for carrying persistent current, which surrounds the arcing contact.
- the circuit breaker further comprises an axially displaceable field electrode which surrounds the pin-shaped arcing contact and which is arranged between the fixed contact and the arcing contact of the second contact member. Fixed screening electrodes are intended to even out the electric filed between the contacts members in the breaking operation.
- a gearing forces the field electrode to move with the same speed as the axially drivable first contact member.
- the field electrode remains in a position in which it together with one of the fixed screening electrodes and the arcing contact of the second contact member achieves an optimum field contour of the second contact member during the remaining breaking operation.
- the invention supplies a gas-insulated high-voltage circuit breaker comprising coaxially arranged:
- the circuit breaker according to the invention is of simple design. Due to the controlled arrangement and the appropriate movement of the annular shield during the opening operation in the circuit breaker according to the invention the dielectric stress on its contact members is reduced. The annular shield during the whole opening operation preserves the whole inside and outside coordination of the breaker's dielectric design, in particular its radial coordination between the nominal and the arcing contacts in order to reduce the risk of nozzle puncturing.
- the shield moves later than the first contact member and does not play a role in the distribution of the electric field.
- a prestrike can occur only in a configuration of the contact members in which the arcing contact of the first contact member is more exposed then the nominal contact of the first contact member. For this reason the radial coordination during the making operation is enhanced and a puncturing of the insulating nozzle or another dielectric fault can be avoided.
- the annular shield moves along with the first contact member and the insulating nozzle.
- the annular shield effectively screens the nominal contact of the first contact member.
- a deteriorated surface of the nominal contact usually due to the effect of commutation arcs (commutation marks), can no more weaken the dielectric strength of the circuit breaker.
- the dielectric stress in the circuit breaker is limited and is kept below a critical level. This is beneficial, in particular, if the circuit breaker interrupts capacitive or inductive currents.
- the availability and the switching performance of the circuit breaker according to the invention are remarkably improved.
- the breaker comprises a metal enclosure which is filled with the insulating gas and which receives the contact assembly together with two hollow stationary shields that are spaced axially from another and from which the first surrounds the first contact member and the second contact member.
- the annular shield then can be arranged between the first hollow stationary shield and the nominal contact of the first contact member. During the opening operation the shield only moves when the free ends of the nominal and the arcing contact of the first contact member have entered the shadow of the annular shield. Then inhomogenities in the surfaces of these contacts, like the commutation marks, do not play a role.
- a live-tank or a metal-enclosed circuit breaker comprising two hollow stationary shields that are spaced axially from another and from which the first surrounds the first contact member and the second the second contact member, in which the annular shield can be arranged between the nominal contact of the first contact member and the insulating nozzle.
- the worn surface of the nominal contact can be arranged face to face to the axis and can be surrounded with an outer section of the nominal contact. This outer section can be executed as a shield which together with movable annular shield screens the commutation marks of the worn surface against the electric field.
- control device can comprise an axially extended game between the nominal contact and the annular shield.
- the game can be sized such that the annular shield protrudes over the first contact member when during the opening operation the arcing contact of the first contact member becomes dielectrically more critical than an arcing contact of the second contact member.
- the game can be achieved with a longitudinal guide which comprises a slide block linked with the annular shield and glidingly supported on an axially extended guideway of the nominal contact.
- the guideway can be bordered with two stops which are arranged with a distance from another and which border the game between the nominal contact and the annular shield, such that the first stop hits the slide block during the opening operation and that the second stop hits the slide block during the closing operation of the circuit breaker.
- At least one of the two stops can be designed as a shock absorber.
- the annular shield can glidingly engage a stationary rim of flexible contact fingers which are hold on the potential of an electrical conducting section defining a current terminal for the first contact member.
- the stationary rim of flexible contact fingers can be a part of a latching mechanism of the control device, which in the fully closed position of the circuit breaker is latched.
- the latching mechanism can further comprise a groove or a projection which is inserted in the annular shield and which in the fully closed position receives at least one of the tips of the contact fingers.
- the circuit breakers disclosed in the figures 1 to 4 comprise a tubular housing 10 which is extended along the axis A.
- the housing 10 receives a contact assembly with two contact members 20, 30 and is filled with an insulating gas having arc-extinguishing properties, in particular a gas on the basis of sulfur hexafluoride, nitrogen or carbon dioxide or a mixture comprising one or more of these gases.
- an insulating gas having arc-extinguishing properties, in particular a gas on the basis of sulfur hexafluoride, nitrogen or carbon dioxide or a mixture comprising one or more of these gases.
- the insulating gas is pressurized up to some bar, for instance five to eight bar.
- the housing 10 is arranged in a gas-filled metal enclosure M (shown only in fig.1 ) which is connected to ground potential and which communicates with the interior of the housing 10.
- the housing comprises a hollow cylindrical insulator 11 which on its lower end supports a hollow metal body 12 and on its upper end a hollow metal body 13.
- the hollow body 12 resp. 13 surrounds the first 30 resp. the second contact member 30, is electrical conductively connected to the contact member 20 resp. 30 and serve as one of the two current terminals of the contact assembly.
- Ends of the metal bodies 12, 13 are arranged face to face and border an axially extended range of the insulator 11 which during an opening or closing operation is charged with dielectric stress.
- These ends are designed as stationary hollow shields 14, 15 and control the electric field in a gap which during opening or closing the contact assembly is arranged between the free ends of the two contact members 20, 30.
- the two shields 14, 15 can be eliminated if the circuit breaker is designed as a live-tank breaker and thus does not comprise the metal enclosure M but only the gas-filled housing 10.
- Each contact member 20 resp. 30 in coaxial arrangement comprises an arcing contact 21 resp. 31 and a nominal contact 22 resp. 32 which surrounds the corresponding arcing contact 21 resp. 31.
- the nominal contact 22 and the arcing contact 21 in an electrical conducting manner are fixedly secured to an annular connection piece 23 of the contact member 20.
- the nominal contact 22 resp. a contact carrier of the contact 22 in an electrical conducting manner is glidingly connected to the hollow metal body 12 acting as current terminal.
- both arcing contacts 21, 31 are surrounded by a tubular insulating nozzle 40 which is preferably manufactured of a polymer on the basis of a polytetrafluorethylene (PTFE), which is fixedly secured to the annular connection piece 23, and which is kept in coaxial arrangement between the arcing contact 21 lying inside and the hollow nominal contact 22 lying outside.
- An auxiliary insulating nozzle 50 is supported on the free end of the tulip-shaped, hollow arcing contact 21.
- the auxiliary nozzle 50 encircles the free end of arcing contact 21 and together with the surrounding insulating nozzle 40 borders an annular heating channel 60.
- the arcing contact 21 receives a head 33 of the arcing contact 31 which is shaped as a plug.
- a movable annular metal shield 70 coaxially is arranged between the cylindrical insulator 11 of the housing 10 and the nominal contact 22.
- the shield 70 encloses an area 71 which is screened against the stress of the electric field effective between the separated contact members 20, 30 during opening or closing the circuit breaker.
- the shield 70 glidingly engages a stationary rim of flexible contact fingers 16.
- the contact fingers 16 are electrical conductively connected to an electrical conducting section of the housing 10, which is designed as the hollow metal body 12.
- the contact members 20, 30 are disconnected by means of a drive D which is schematically shown as an arrow and which moves the contact member 20 downwardly.
- a current to be interrupted commutates into a current path which includes the arcing contacts 21, 31.
- a commutation arc which is drawn during the commutation process may cause dielectric unfavourable wear and erosion deformation (commutation marks) on the nominal contacts 22 and 32.
- the arcing contacts 21, 31 separate and an arc S is struck between the plug head 33 and an annular-shaped end of the arcing contact 21 (shown on the right of fig.1 ).
- the arc S heats up and thus pressurizes the surrounding insulating gas which via channel 60 is guided into a compression chamber 61 in which it is stored as quenching gas. Meanwhile the arcing contact 31 travels through the insulating nozzle 40. As soon as the plug head 33 releases the compression chamber 61 the stored quenching gas - additionally pressurized by means of a puffer device with a stationary piston 62 and a movable cylinder 63 which is formed in a contact carrier of the contact member 20 - passes the nozzle 40 and blows the arc S beyond current zero until the current is interrupted.
- the shield 70 does not move until the nominal 22 and the arcing contact 21 have entered its shadow region, that means the free ends of the nominal 22 and the arcing contact 21 facing the second contact member 30 have entered the shielded area 71 resp. the annular shield 70 protrudes over the free end of the contact member 20. As soon as the annular shield 70 protrudes over the nominal contact 22 and the arcing contact 21 the commutation marks of the nominal contact 22 and arc-worn and arc-eroded parts of the arcing contact 21 are no more exposed to the strong electric field which becomes effective when the current is interrupted and a voltage between the separated contact members 20, 30 begins to recover. Thus the dielectric stress in the gap can be kept below a critical level and the specified radial coordination of the breaker's dielectric design can be preserved.
- a device 80 controls the movement of the annular shield 70. This control device keeps the shield 70 at the beginning of the opening operation stationary.
- the circuit breaker has to interrupt a capacitive or an inductive current, after a definite travel of the contact member 20 the tubular arcing contact 21 becomes dielectrically more critical than the plug-shaped arcing contact 31.
- the definite travel resp. the corresponding game between the nominal contact 22 and the annular shield 70 is calculated such that the annular shield 70 afterwards becomes dielectrically active.
- the definite travel resp. the game usually is less than 50%, preferably between 10 and 30%, of the total travel.
- the afore-mentioned movement of the annular shield 70 can be achieved with a longitudinal guide 81 which is integrated in the control device 80.
- the longitudinal guide 81 comprises a slide block 82 linked with the annular shield 70 and glidingly supported on an axially extended guideway 83 which is integrated in the nominal contact 22.
- the guideway 83 is arranged on the outer surface of the nominal contact 22 resp. a contact carrier of the nominal contact and can comprise an annular section of the outer surface or - as shown in the drawings - at least one axially extended groove.
- the guideway 83 is bordered with two stops 84, 85 which are arranged with distance from another.
- the distance represents the game between the nominal contact 22 and the annular shield 70 and enables the annular shield 70 to move during the opening operation only when the contact member 20 enters the shielded area 71 and when the stop 84 hits the slide block 82 (shown on the right of fig.1 ).
- a reduction of the impact is achieved with a stop 84 which is designed as a shock absorber.
- the stop 84 carries away the slide block 82 and thus also the annular shield 70 until the fully open position of the circuit breaker is reached (shown on the left of fig.2 ).
- the shield 70 keeps the dielectric stress on the nominal contact 22 below an inception level and thus preserves the radial coordination of the circuit breaker during opening. This is beneficial, in particular in capacitive or inductive switching, when the disconnection of a capacitive or inductive load may result in a transient recovery voltage which rises very steeply.
- the shield 70 improves the breaking performance of the circuit breaker remarkably.
- the annular shield 70 in the fully open position of the circuit breaker slightly protrudes over the free end of the nominal contact 22. This helps for the open gas tests according to BIL/BIAS requirements and allows to expose the tubular arcing contact 21 more with respect to the nominal contact 22.
- the annular shield 70 moves later with respect to the nominal 22 and the arcing contact 21 (shown on the right of fig.2 ). Thus the annular shield 70 does not control the electric field existing in the gap between contact members 20 and 30. In making operation a prestrike then occurs in an electric configuration for which the arcing contact 21 is more exposed than the nominal contact 22. Thus during the whole closing operation the shield 70 preserves the inside and outside coordination of the breaker's dielectric design, in particular its radial coordination between the nominal and the arcing contacts in order to reduce the risk of nozzle puncturing.
- the circuit breaker further comprises a latching mechanism 90 which in the fully closed position of the circuit breaker is latched.
- the latching mechanism 90 comprises the stationary rim of flexible contact fingers 16 and an annular groove 91 which is inserted in the annular shield 70 and which receives the tips of the contact fingers 16 in the fully closed position of the circuit breaker.
- the latching mechanism 90 is latched in the fully closed position and the annular shield 70 then is stationary.
- the latching mechanism 90 is released as soon as the stop 84 hits the slide block 82.
- the annular shield 70 then moves together with the contact member 20. In the fully open position (shown on the left of fig.2 ) the latching mechanism 90 remains unlatched.
- the annular shield 70 is kept stationary.
- the annular shield 70 together with contact member 20 moves upwardly until in the fully closed position the latching mechanism 90 becomes latched.
- the stop 85 can be designed as a shock absorber.
- the annular shield 70 is arranged between the nominal contact 22 and the insulating nozzle 40 and is guided through the annular connection piece 23.
- the nominal contact 22 surrounds the nominal contact 32.
- the shielded area 71 can receive the arcing contact 21 (shown on the right of fig.3 ).
- the nominal contact 22 comprises a contact surface 24, which is arranged face to face to the axis A, which in the fully closed position touches an outer cylindrical surface 34 of the nominal contact 32, and which during opening may receive a root of the commutation arc.
- the contact surface 24 is surrounded by a section 25 of the nominal contact 22, which is executed as a shield.
- the shielding section 25 together with the annular shield 70 then screens the contact surface 24 which during the opening operation may be deteriorated by the commutation arc.
- the control device 80 of this embodiment distinguishes over the control device of the embodiment according to figures 1 and 2 in the arrangement and design of the axially extended guideway 83 and of the slide block 82.
- the guideway 83 is arranged on the inner surface of the hollow nominal contact 22 resp. of a hollow contact carrier of the nominal contact 22 and can comprise an annular section of said inner surface or - as shown in fig.3 - at least one axially extended groove.
- the slide block 82 is executed as a ring or as radially extending fingers.
- the slide block 82 is fixedly connected with the outer surface of the annular shield 70.
- the stop 84 carries away the slide block 82 and thus also the annular shield 70 until the fully open position of the circuit breaker is reached.
- the shield 70 and the shielding section 25 keep the dielectric stress on the nominal contact 22 below an inception level and thus preserves the radial coordination of the circuit breaker during opening.
- the stationary shield 15 permanently protrudes over the nominal contact 32 and thus keeps the dielectric stress on this contact, in particular on its contact surface 34 which may comprise commutation marks, always below an inception level.
- the annular shield 70 slightly protrudes over the free end of the nominal contact 22.
- the nominal contact 32 does not comprise such a shielding section.
- the stationary shield 15 protrudes over the free end of the nominal contact 32 and thus screens the nominal contact 32 resp. its contact surface 34 which may comprise commutation marks.
- a latching system (not shown in fig.3 ) similar with that shown in figures 1 and 2 holds the annular shield 70.
- the annular shield 70 is arrested and is prevented from crashing against the nominal contact 32 for reason of inertia.
- the stationary shield 15 slightly protrudes over the free end of the nominal contact 32 and thus screens its contact surface 34 during the whole opening and closing operation.
- the annular shield 70 is fixedly secured to the nominal contact 22 and surrounds a rim of contact fingers which on their tips carry the contact surface 24.
- this embodiment of the circuit breaker only comprises a connection 35 which rigidly couples the annular movable shield 70 and the nominal contact 22.
- the shield 70 screens the commutation marks on the contact surface 24 of the nominal contact 22.
- the circuit breaker according to the invention further comprises a gear unit G which in fig. 1 is drawn with dashed lines.
- This gear unit links the insulating nozzle 40 (resp. the contact member 20) and the axially moving arcing contact 31.
- the gear unit can be executed as a rack or a lever mechanism and causes a movement of the arcing contacts 21 and 31 in opposite directions.
- the drive rod D can be substituted with a drive rod D'.
- the drive rod D' can be linked with the gear unit G or with the arcing contact 31.
- control device 80 may comprise a control mechanism which is integrated in a gear unit for transmitting drive energy in the drive rods D or D'.
- a gear unit usually is executed as a crank or lever mechanism.
- the movable annular shield 70 then is linked with the first contact member 20 by means of the control mechanism and the crank or lever mechanism of the gear unit.
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- Circuit Breakers (AREA)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP20100157975 EP2369608B1 (de) | 2010-03-26 | 2010-03-26 | Hochspannungsschutzschalter |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP20100157975 EP2369608B1 (de) | 2010-03-26 | 2010-03-26 | Hochspannungsschutzschalter |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2369608A1 true EP2369608A1 (de) | 2011-09-28 |
EP2369608B1 EP2369608B1 (de) | 2012-08-29 |
Family
ID=42395006
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP20100157975 Not-in-force EP2369608B1 (de) | 2010-03-26 | 2010-03-26 | Hochspannungsschutzschalter |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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EP (1) | EP2369608B1 (de) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2013060820A1 (fr) * | 2011-10-27 | 2013-05-02 | Alstom Technology Ltd | Chambre de coupure dotée d'un tube limitant l'impact de la génération de particules et appareillage électrique de coupure équipé d'une telle chambre de coupure |
EP2593954B1 (de) | 2010-07-16 | 2015-03-11 | Alstom Technology Ltd. | Trennkammeranlage für zwei elektroden mit begrenzten kontakt |
CN114724892A (zh) * | 2022-04-13 | 2022-07-08 | 中国航天时代电子有限公司 | 一种具有减振绝缘装置的接触器 |
CN114730668A (zh) * | 2019-11-29 | 2022-07-08 | 通用电器技术有限公司 | 具有简化的非线性双运动的断路器 |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3237146A1 (de) * | 1982-08-26 | 1984-03-01 | BBC Aktiengesellschaft Brown, Boveri & Cie., 5401 Baden, Aargau | Metallgekapseltes hochspannungsschaltgeraet |
DE4103119A1 (de) | 1991-01-31 | 1992-08-06 | Siemens Ag | Druckgasschalter |
EP0696040A1 (de) | 1994-08-01 | 1996-02-07 | ABB Management AG | Druckgasschalter |
EP0744759A1 (de) * | 1995-05-24 | 1996-11-27 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Hochspannungs-Leistungsschalter mit einem feststehenden Heizvolumen |
US6177643B1 (en) | 1997-01-17 | 2001-01-23 | Siemens Aktiengeselleschaft | High-voltage circuit-breaker having an axially displaceable field electrode |
-
2010
- 2010-03-26 EP EP20100157975 patent/EP2369608B1/de not_active Not-in-force
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3237146A1 (de) * | 1982-08-26 | 1984-03-01 | BBC Aktiengesellschaft Brown, Boveri & Cie., 5401 Baden, Aargau | Metallgekapseltes hochspannungsschaltgeraet |
DE4103119A1 (de) | 1991-01-31 | 1992-08-06 | Siemens Ag | Druckgasschalter |
EP0696040A1 (de) | 1994-08-01 | 1996-02-07 | ABB Management AG | Druckgasschalter |
EP0744759A1 (de) * | 1995-05-24 | 1996-11-27 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Hochspannungs-Leistungsschalter mit einem feststehenden Heizvolumen |
US6177643B1 (en) | 1997-01-17 | 2001-01-23 | Siemens Aktiengeselleschaft | High-voltage circuit-breaker having an axially displaceable field electrode |
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2593954B1 (de) | 2010-07-16 | 2015-03-11 | Alstom Technology Ltd. | Trennkammeranlage für zwei elektroden mit begrenzten kontakt |
US9524836B2 (en) | 2010-07-16 | 2016-12-20 | Alstom Technology Ltd. | Arc-control chamber gear for two confined contact electrodes |
WO2013060820A1 (fr) * | 2011-10-27 | 2013-05-02 | Alstom Technology Ltd | Chambre de coupure dotée d'un tube limitant l'impact de la génération de particules et appareillage électrique de coupure équipé d'une telle chambre de coupure |
FR2982069A1 (fr) * | 2011-10-27 | 2013-05-03 | Alstom Technology Ltd | Chambre de coupure dotee d'un tube limitant l'impact de la generation de particules et appareillage electrique de coupure equipe d'une telle chambre de coupure |
CN114730668A (zh) * | 2019-11-29 | 2022-07-08 | 通用电器技术有限公司 | 具有简化的非线性双运动的断路器 |
CN114724892A (zh) * | 2022-04-13 | 2022-07-08 | 中国航天时代电子有限公司 | 一种具有减振绝缘装置的接触器 |
CN114724892B (zh) * | 2022-04-13 | 2023-09-19 | 中国航天时代电子有限公司 | 一种具有减振绝缘装置的接触器 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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EP2369608B1 (de) | 2012-08-29 |
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