EP2318331A2 - Process for tasking an explosive material of reduced vulnerability and material employed in such a process - Google Patents
Process for tasking an explosive material of reduced vulnerability and material employed in such a processInfo
- Publication number
- EP2318331A2 EP2318331A2 EP09784303A EP09784303A EP2318331A2 EP 2318331 A2 EP2318331 A2 EP 2318331A2 EP 09784303 A EP09784303 A EP 09784303A EP 09784303 A EP09784303 A EP 09784303A EP 2318331 A2 EP2318331 A2 EP 2318331A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- explosive
- explosive material
- grains
- meltable
- fusible
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 155
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 111
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 47
- SPSSULHKWOKEEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene Chemical compound CC1=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C1[N+]([O-])=O SPSSULHKWOKEEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000015 trinitrotoluene Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000004945 emulsification Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 9
- XTFIVUDBNACUBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazinane Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)N1CN([N+]([O-])=O)CN([N+]([O-])=O)C1 XTFIVUDBNACUBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000004781 supercooling Methods 0.000 description 5
- IDCPFAYURAQKDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-nitroguanidine Chemical compound NC(=N)N[N+]([O-])=O IDCPFAYURAQKDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CVYZVNVPQRKDLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-dinitroanisole Chemical compound COC1=CC=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C1[N+]([O-])=O CVYZVNVPQRKDLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- MKWKGRNINWTHMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,5,6-trinitrobenzene-1,2,3-triamine Chemical compound NC1=C(N)C([N+]([O-])=O)=C([N+]([O-])=O)C([N+]([O-])=O)=C1N MKWKGRNINWTHMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 210000002105 tongue Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005474 detonation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000013529 heat transfer fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- CFYAUGJHWXGWHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-methyl-2,4,6-trinitroaniline Chemical compound CNC1=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C1[N+]([O-])=O CFYAUGJHWXGWHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IAHOUQOWMXVMEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4,6-trinitroaniline Chemical compound NC1=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C1[N+]([O-])=O IAHOUQOWMXVMEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RSUBARQODWIKOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methyl-2,4,6-trinitroaniline Chemical compound CC1=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C([N+]([O-])=O)C(N)=C1[N+]([O-])=O RSUBARQODWIKOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YYGJRRYSYLLCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methyl-2,4,6-trinitrophenol Chemical compound CC1=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C([N+]([O-])=O)C(O)=C1[N+]([O-])=O YYGJRRYSYLLCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007385 chemical modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000000586 desensitisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013467 fragmentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006062 fragmentation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001033 granulometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002427 irreversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- SYSQUGFVNFXIIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[4-(1,3-benzoxazol-2-yl)phenyl]-4-nitrobenzenesulfonamide Chemical class C1=CC([N+](=O)[O-])=CC=C1S(=O)(=O)NC1=CC=C(C=2OC3=CC=CC=C3N=2)C=C1 SYSQUGFVNFXIIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 229920000620 organic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000011837 pasties Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005191 phase separation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B21/00—Apparatus or methods for working-up explosives, e.g. forming, cutting, drying
- C06B21/0033—Shaping the mixture
- C06B21/005—By a process involving melting at least part of the ingredients
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B21/00—Apparatus or methods for working-up explosives, e.g. forming, cutting, drying
- C06B21/0033—Shaping the mixture
- C06B21/0066—Shaping the mixture by granulation, e.g. flaking
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B25/00—Compositions containing a nitrated organic compound
- C06B25/04—Compositions containing a nitrated organic compound the nitrated compound being an aromatic
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B25/00—Compositions containing a nitrated organic compound
- C06B25/34—Compositions containing a nitrated organic compound the compound being a nitrated acyclic, alicyclic or heterocyclic amine
Definitions
- the technical field of the invention is that of explosive materials with reduced vulnerability as well as processes for casting such explosive materials.
- Explosive materials with reduced vulnerability become essential for the design of ammunition. In fact, they make it possible to produce ammunition that can withstand attacks such as bullets or fires without detonating.
- Composite explosives use crosslinkable organic polymers. They are implemented by casting the explosive mixed with the organic binder and the solidification is obtained by the polymerization of the load.
- Mergeable explosives are constituted by a material combining, on the one hand, a solid phase comprising at least one solid explosive with reduced vulnerability, and on the other hand a merging phase which comprises at least one fusible explosive, at least one phlegmatizer and at least one an emulsifier of the phlegmatizer in the mergeable explosive.
- the reduced-vulnerability solid explosive is most often constituted by Oxinitrotriazole (or ONTA), but it is also possible to use triaminotrinitrobenzene (TATB) or Nitroguanidine (NGu).
- the meltable explosive is preferably a nitrated aromatic (such as trinitrotoluene or TNT, or 2,4,6-trinitro-N-methyl aniline or TNMA), and the phlegmatizer is most often constituted by a wax.
- Patent EP814069 thus describes various types of fusible explosives with reduced vulnerability as well as their methods of preparation.
- the solid phase is then introduced into the liquid phase, then the casting is carried out in the munition body and finally the cooling leading to the solidification of the explosive.
- the steps to be carried out involve a meltable phase and a solid phase which must be mixed carefully to ensure a homogeneous composition.
- This mixture is particularly delicate as mergeable insensitive explosives implement a share phlegmatizer (wax) relatively high (greater than or equal to 3% by weight).
- the hot mix of the explosive meltable with phlegmatizer which must ensure its coating therefore requires the implementation of an emulsifier and the vigorous mixing of these elements to ensure the creation of a homogeneous emulsion.
- the temperature must also be controlled.
- Such a process is far more complex than the conventional melt explosive casting processes in which it is generally sufficient to mix the meltable explosive (TNT) and the solid explosive (hexogen) in a casting tank prior to casting.
- TNT meltable explosive
- hexogen solid explosive
- Patent EP35376 also discloses a process for the preparation of an explosive composition containing aluminum.
- granules of a composition combining very explosive substances are produced on the one hand.
- energy HMX, RDX
- wax and aluminum powder and secondly other granules of a composition combining TNT and an emulsifier.
- These two types of granules are then mixed in the desired proportions to achieve the final explosive loading.
- Such a method is complex implementation because it requires the realization of two types of granules that will be mixed later.
- This process also requires a mixture of the starting compounds in water which requires the use of a particular aluminum powder which is treated to resist water.
- this method does not describe an explosive composition using an explosive with reduced vulnerability, such as ONTA.
- the object of the invention is to propose a process for casting an explosive material with reduced vulnerability, a process that makes it possible to simplify the casting operations.
- This method proposes the implementation of an explosive material prefabricated and ready for use. It can thus be easily implemented by manufacturers equipped with conventional casting equipment.
- the subject of the invention is a process for casting an explosive material of reduced vulnerability which combines, on the one hand, a solid phase comprising at least one solid explosive with reduced vulnerability, and on the other hand a merging phase which comprises at least one less a meltable explosive, at least one phlegmatizer and at least one emulsifier of the phlegmatizer in the meltable explosive, characterized in that the explosive material is placed in the solid state in a melting tank equipped with heated and equipped with agitation means, the explosive material being placed in the tank in the form of prefabricated grains, grains having been manufactured beforehand during of mixing steps, casting and solidification and shaping, the finished grains of the meltable explosive material having dimensions greater than the largest initial particle size of the solid phase materials they contain.
- the meltable phase of the meltable explosive material may comprise substantially trinitrotoluene.
- the solid phase of the meltable explosive material may comprise substantially oxinitrotriazole.
- the heating vessel containing the grains is brought to a temperature of 10% to 35% higher than the melting temperature of the meltable explosive material and with stirring so as to ensure the emulsification of the various materials constituting the mixture.
- the explosive material is then cooled to a temperature slightly (2% to 7%) higher than the melting temperature of the meltable explosive material, before casting.
- the invention also aims to propose a fusible explosive material with reduced vulnerability prefabricated and ready for use and simplified implementation.
- the fusible explosive material according to the invention is thus characterized in that it is in the form of solid grains of a mixture associating, on the one hand, a solid phase comprising at least one solid explosive with reduced vulnerability, and on the other hand part of a merging phase which comprises at least one meltable explosive, at least one phlegmatizer and at least one emulsifier of the phlegmatizer in the meltable explosive, the grains of the explosive material having been manufactured beforehand during mixing steps, casting then solidification and formatting, the grains of the meltable explosive material also having dimensions greater than the largest grain size of the solid phase materials they contain.
- the grains may be in the form of flakes or flakes, so will have a substantially planar shape having a thickness less than the dimensions of their planar shape.
- the grains may have a generally cylindrical or spherical shape.
- the meltable phase of the explosive material may comprise essentially trinitrotoluene.
- the solid phase of the explosive material may comprise essentially oxinitrotriazole.
- the fusible explosive material may thus consist of a mixture of:
- FIG. 1 shows an equipment allowing the implementation of the method according to the invention
- FIGS. 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d show different embodiments of the grains of the material according to the invention
- FIGS. 3a and 3b are diagrams of equipment for producing grains of the material according to the invention
- Figure 3b is a cross section taken at one of the drums driving the treadmill of the equipment.
- Figure 1 shows a casting installation 1 which is intended to ensure the explosive loading of several ammunition bodies 2, here artillery shells arranged on a transport pallet 3 movable.
- Each shell 2 carries a riser 2a which is intended to facilitate the casting and which allows to leave a block of explosive outside the shell body, block on which occur deformations and shrinkage related to cooling. This block is disengaged from the shell after cooling.
- the installation 1 mainly comprises a pouring vessel 4 which is disposed above one of the munition bodies 2. Concretely the tank 4 will be fixed on a not shown support and the ammunition body 2 will be positioned by moving the pallet 3.
- the tank 4 is made in a conventional manner in a material resistant to corrosion, for example stainless steel. It comprises a lid 4a which can be tilted to close the tank in a sealed manner. It contains an agitator means 5, which is shown very schematically here.
- This means is a planetary type mixer and it comprises in a well known manner rotary blades driven by a motor (not shown). The blades will have dimensions allowing them to mix the whole mixture.
- the tank 4 At its lower part the tank 4 comprises a nozzle 4b closed by a pouring valve 6, the opening and closing are controlled by a control means 7, for example a programmable controller.
- a control means 7 for example a programmable controller.
- the tank 4 is connected to a first heating means 8a, such as a boiler.
- a heat transfer fluid is led from the boiler 8a to the vessel through a pipe 9 on which is placed a thermostatic valve 10.
- the vessel has a double wall inside which the heat transfer fluid can circulate.
- the nozzle 4b is connected to a second boiler 8b by a thermostatic valve 11.
- This ensures a homogeneity of the temperature of the explosive material both inside the tank 4 and at the nozzle 4b.
- the implementation of two separate boilers ensures independent heating for the tank 4 and the nozzle 4b.
- the temperature will be chosen according to the melting characteristics of the material to be cast. Generally for fusible explosive materials, the temperature is between 75 ° C and 110 ° C.
- the thermostatic valves 10 and 11 can advantageously be controlled by the temperature controller 7 (links to the PLC are not shown for the sake of clarity).
- temperature probes will be arranged at the level of the different pipes as well as the tank and the nozzle.
- a pouring funnel 18 is fixed at a bottom of the tank, that is to say here to the nozzle 4b. It is intended to ensure a vacuum casting of the explosive in the ammunition body 2. In fact the fusible explosives reduced vulnerability are generally quite viscous. The vacuum casting facilitates (and accelerates) the loading of the ammunition bodies 2.
- Vacuum means 17 (such as a vacuum pump) are provided. These means make it possible to carry out the vacuum at the level of the tank 4 and also at the level of the casting funnel 18, the nozzle 4b and the ammunition body 2 on which the funnel 18 is positioned.
- the vacuum pump 17 is thus connected to the tank 4 by a pipe 21 on which is placed a first stop valve 22.
- the vacuum pump 17 is also connected to the funnel 18 (more precisely to the nozzle 4b situated above the funnel) via a pipe 19 on which is placed a second shut-off valve 20.
- each valve 20,22 and the control of the pouring valve 6 are provided by the programmable controller 7.
- this installation 1 is conventional. It can be used to load ammunition with a conventional explosive, for example a composition B (associating hexogen and Trinitrotoluene in the respective proportions by weight of 60% and 40%).
- vacuum casting means makes it possible to evacuate the bubbles in the loading carried out. These means also facilitate the loading of a viscous explosive.
- This installation can also be used without further modifications to load the ammunition bodies 2 with an explosive with reduced vulnerability.
- the explosive material in the form of solid grains "prefabricated” and “ready for use” of an explosive material with reduced vulnerability.
- This material will combine, on the one hand, a solid phase comprising at least one reduced-vulnerability solid explosive (for example oxinitrotriazole or ONTA), and on the other hand a meltable phase which comprises at least one meltable explosive (for example trinitrotoluene). or TNT), at least one phlegmatizer (such as a wax) and at least one emulsifier of the phlegmatizer in the meltable explosive.
- the material will thus for example consist of a mixture of:
- an additive ensuring the emulsification of the fusible explosive and the phlegmatizer. It is also possible to realize (as described by the patent EP814069) an explosive in which the fusible explosive is a nitrated aromatic such as 2,4,6 Trinitro-N-Methylaniline (TNMA), 2,4,6-Trinitro -3-methylphenol, 3-amino Trinitrotoluene, 2, 4, 6-Trinitro-aniline, 1,3,8 Trinitronaphtalène and its mixture of isomers meltable at 115 0 C.
- TNMA 2,4,6 Trinitro-N-Methylaniline
- 2-4,6-Trinitro -3-methylphenol 3-amino Trinitrotoluene
- 2, 4, 6-Trinitro-aniline 1,3,8 Trinitronaphtalène and its mixture of isomers meltable at 115 0 C.
- Dinitroanisole which is a fusible explosive with reduced toxicity.
- This explosive is described in particular by the patent application US2005230019. It is most often associated with processing additives chosen from the group of N-alkylnitroaniline and N-arylnitroaniline.
- the reduced-vulnerability explosive may be selected from: oxinitrotriazol (ONTA), triaminotrinitrobenzene (TATB), nitroguanidine (NGu).
- the phlegmatizer will be for example a polyolefin wax and the emulsifier a vinyl pyrrolidone copolymer.
- the phlegmatizer was in significant proportions.
- the percentage by weight of the phlegmatizer is in fact greater than or equal to 3%.
- Such a high proportion complicates the manufacture of this explosive material and requires the use of an emulsifier and the vigorous stirring of the material to ensure its stable emulsification (speed of rotation of the blades of the kneader greater than 70 revolutions per minute).
- the phlegmatizer will be chosen with a melting temperature substantially equal to that of the fusible explosive
- the uniformly distributed phlegmatizer has a function contributing to the desensitization of the material by increasing its homogeneity which makes it less sensitive to heating.
- the emulsifier is chosen to ensure the best interface between the molten explosive and the phlegmatizer.
- the phlegmatizer allows both to promote the dispersion of the powdery constituents and to stabilize the emulsion obtained.
- the rate of phlegmatizer is also generally less than 12% because too much wax rate penalizes the detonation characteristics of the material.
- the explosive material may also include aluminum powder (which increases the resistance of the material to the heating while increasing the blast effect during the detonation).
- the grains of material according to the invention will have a substantially homogeneous chemical composition, and they will be manufactured beforehand during mixing steps, casting then solidification and shaping.
- composition B is a simple composition combining TNT (fusible) and hexogen (solid) with sometimes a small portion of wax (of the order of 1% by weight) to improve the mechanical strength of the explosive after cooling. It was however not obvious to be able to obtain a homogeneous and satisfactory loading of a munition from the remelting of fragments of an explosive material as complex as a fusible explosive with reduced vulnerability. Indeed, such an explosive material incorporates a solidified emulsion of a fusible explosive and a phlegmatizer and it also incorporates granular materials having different particle sizes (ONTA and Aluminum in particular).
- the main steps are as follows: Fusion of TNT in a kneader at a temperature of 90 ° C. Blending in this TNT blender with phlegmatizer and TNT emulsifier in phlegmatizer (EP814069 gives examples of usable wax and phlegmatizer);
- the casting was carried out in a conventional ammunition case.
- Chips of the explosive material were then produced by machining the resulting load.
- Thin platelets of the explosive material have also been produced by roughly fragmenting the solidified bottom of the tank.
- the chips could not be re-melted.
- the result obtained after heating is a pasty mixture, dry and impossible to pour.
- platelets could be successfully re-fused.
- a simple mixing allowed to reconstitute a stable emulsion, thus allowing a new casting.
- the resistance in time of the material obtained and its viscosity are of the same order as those of the original material and are sufficient to fill a munition body and then cool to solidify the material while maintaining its homogeneity (no phase separations). It will be noted that a remelting of fine chips resulting from the machining of a composition B is possible while it has been verified that this remelting of chips was not possible for a mergeable explosive with reduced vulnerability.
- each prefabricated grain is greater than the largest particle size of the materials of the solid phase they contain.
- the largest particle size is that of the explosive material with reduced vulnerability (such as I 1 ONTA). It is then ensured that each grain of solid explosive (ONTA for example) is coated with a solidified and homogeneous emulsion of the fusible explosive (TNT) with its phlegmatizer.
- FIGS. 2a to 2d show different forms that can be adopted for the grains 23 of the meltable explosive material: regular thin lamellae (FIG. 2a), spheres or balls (FIG. 2b), cylindrical granules (FIG. 2c), irregular thin scales (FIG. 2d) .
- the cylindrical granules may or may not have their ends curved.
- the smallest dimension of the grain 23 (thickness e or diameter d) to be greater than the largest particle size of the materials of the solid phase they contain.
- the thickness e of the lamellae or scales is of the order of a millimeter.
- the minimum acceptable thickness for ONTA grains having a particle size of class 2 is not damaged and that they are effectively surrounded by the wax is a thickness of 1 mm.
- FIGS. 3a and 3b show equipment for producing grains 23 in the form of flakes (FIG.
- This equipment comprises a tundish 4 equipped with a kneader 5 and a nozzle 6.
- Other means allow upstream to achieve different mixtures of particle size cuts of solid materials in particular).
- This tank does not supply munitions bodies here, but it deposits the fusible explosive material 12 on a conveyor belt 13 driven by drums 14a, 14b.
- the conveyor belt 13 comprises lateral cheeks 15a, 15b which may be made of rubber (thus deformable) or in the form of integral metal tongues. carpet 13 and overlapping two by two to allow the passage of the drums 14a, 14b.
- the cheeks 15a, 15b delimit the volume on which the explosive 12 is contained and prevent an overflow of this material outside the belt 13.
- a scraper 16 makes it possible to give the explosive layer 12 a given thickness.
- the vertical position of the scraper 16 is adjustable (by means not shown).
- the conveyor belt 13 circulates in part in a thermostatically controlled box 24 which makes it possible to ensure controlled cooling of the material 12.
- the means 25a, 25b consist of a single blade (of conductive plastic material) which cuts a tongue of explosive material 12 having the width of the conveyor belt 13.
- the means 25a comprise a plurality of blades 27 (of conductive plastic material) which cut the tongue into strips. or scales 23 which are then recovered in a storage container 26.
- the advance of the belt 13 is of course cyclic. A quantity of material 12 is firstly deposited from the tank 4, which corresponds substantially to half a length of the belt 13. The belt 13 is then advanced to produce a layer of uniform thickness. This layer is entirely in the thermostatically controlled box 24.
- the belt 13 is advanced and the cutting means 25a, 25b are periodically actuated to produce the lamellae 23.
- the longitudinal cut may for example be ensured by a simple mechanical break obtained during the passage of the drum 14a.
- the material 12 forms a plate which has a moderate rigidity and then detaches from the belt 13. This plate can thus abut against a mechanical deflector such as a sheet which will cause the rupture.
- Cooling may be provided by means other than the thermostatically controlled box 24. For example, it is possible to have a circulation of fresh air below the carpet 13. It will also be possible to lower the casting temperature of the tank 4 of the order of 5 to 6 ° C.
- the grains 23 will be produced in large quantities by an industrialist mastering all the steps of supplying the components and then implementing the process for manufacturing a fusible explosive with reduced vulnerability.
- the grains 23 will then be provided to manufacturers carrying explosive ammunition shipments.
- the melting was particularly slow.
- Conventional processes in which a bottom of liquid TNT makes it possible to accelerate the melting of the composition grains can not be applied here because it is necessary to maintain the proportion of the various materials constituting the mixture.
- the heating vessel will therefore be heated to a temperature 10% to 35% higher than the melting temperature of the meltable explosive material, and the composition will also be agitated so as to allow the emulsification of the different materials constituting the mixture.
- the stability of the emulsion can then be obtained in the munition with the condition of cooling the mixture before casting to a temperature of the order of 85 ° C.
- the supercooling will be carried out at a temperature of 90 ° C. to 110 ° C. After emulsification, the explosive material will then be cooled to a slightly (2%) temperature. at 7%) greater than the melting temperature of the meltable explosive material.
- composition based on Trinitrotoluene the composition will be brought to a temperature of the order of 85 ° C. This cooling stabilizes the emulsion.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Colloid Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing Of Micro-Capsules (AREA)
- Crushing And Grinding (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Metal Powder And Suspensions Thereof (AREA)
- Disintegrating Or Milling (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PL09784303T PL2318331T3 (en) | 2008-07-28 | 2009-07-27 | Process for tasking an explosive material of reduced vulnerability and material employed in such a process |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR0804329A FR2934260B1 (en) | 2008-07-28 | 2008-07-28 | METHOD FOR CASTING AN EXPLOSIVE MATERIAL WITH REDUCED VULNERABILITY AND MATERIALS IMPLEMENTED IN SUCH A METHOD |
PCT/FR2009/000927 WO2010012893A2 (en) | 2008-07-28 | 2009-07-27 | Process for tasking an explosive material of reduced vulnerability and material employed in such a process |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2318331A2 true EP2318331A2 (en) | 2011-05-11 |
EP2318331B1 EP2318331B1 (en) | 2020-04-08 |
Family
ID=40584767
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP09784303.1A Active EP2318331B1 (en) | 2008-07-28 | 2009-07-27 | Process for tasking an explosive material of reduced vulnerability and material employed in such a process |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP2318331B1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2798762T3 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2934260B1 (en) |
PL (1) | PL2318331T3 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2010012893A2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2984885B1 (en) * | 2011-12-21 | 2014-07-04 | Nexter Munitions | METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING PELLETS OF A COMPRESSABLE EXPLOSIVE COMPOSITION AND ESPLOSIVE MATERIAL OBTAINED WITH SUCH A METHOD |
FR3141172A1 (en) * | 2022-10-20 | 2024-04-26 | Thales | Process for manufacturing a meltable/castable explosive composition. |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB537579A (en) * | 1938-10-10 | 1941-06-27 | Ici Ltd | Improvements in or relating to high explosives |
NO144666C (en) * | 1980-02-29 | 1981-10-14 | Dyno Industrier As | PROCEDURE FOR PREPARING ALUMINUM-CONTAINING HIGH-ENERGY EXPLOSIVE MIXTURES |
US4545829A (en) * | 1984-07-13 | 1985-10-08 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Emulsion synthesized composite high explosives |
US4747892A (en) * | 1987-05-22 | 1988-05-31 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force | Melt-castable explosive composition |
US5431756A (en) * | 1993-02-25 | 1995-07-11 | Mach I, Inc. | Method and composition for melt cast explosives, propellants and pyrotechnics |
SE504994C2 (en) * | 1995-06-08 | 1997-06-09 | Bofors Liab Ab | Methods and apparatus for producing explosive charge |
FR2750131B1 (en) * | 1996-06-19 | 1998-07-17 | Giat Ind Sa | EXPLOSIVE COMPOSITION MELT / CASTABLE AND WITH REDUCED VULNERABILITY |
-
2008
- 2008-07-28 FR FR0804329A patent/FR2934260B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2009
- 2009-07-27 PL PL09784303T patent/PL2318331T3/en unknown
- 2009-07-27 ES ES09784303T patent/ES2798762T3/en active Active
- 2009-07-27 EP EP09784303.1A patent/EP2318331B1/en active Active
- 2009-07-27 WO PCT/FR2009/000927 patent/WO2010012893A2/en active Application Filing
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO2010012893A2 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
PL2318331T3 (en) | 2020-09-07 |
WO2010012893A3 (en) | 2010-03-25 |
FR2934260B1 (en) | 2010-08-27 |
WO2010012893A2 (en) | 2010-02-04 |
EP2318331B1 (en) | 2020-04-08 |
FR2934260A1 (en) | 2010-01-29 |
ES2798762T3 (en) | 2020-12-14 |
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