EP2291255A1 - Device for heating a liquid metal bath - Google Patents

Device for heating a liquid metal bath

Info

Publication number
EP2291255A1
EP2291255A1 EP08788181A EP08788181A EP2291255A1 EP 2291255 A1 EP2291255 A1 EP 2291255A1 EP 08788181 A EP08788181 A EP 08788181A EP 08788181 A EP08788181 A EP 08788181A EP 2291255 A1 EP2291255 A1 EP 2291255A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
thermo
plunger
liquid metal
heating
bath
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP08788181A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Michel Levacher
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Lethiguel SAS
Original Assignee
Lethiguel SAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Lethiguel SAS filed Critical Lethiguel SAS
Publication of EP2291255A1 publication Critical patent/EP2291255A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D41/00—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like
    • B22D41/005—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like with heating or cooling means
    • B22D41/01—Heating means
    • B22D41/015—Heating means with external heating, i.e. the heat source not being a part of the ladle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F27D99/0001—Heating elements or systems
    • F27D99/0006—Electric heating elements or system
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/02—Details
    • H05B3/03—Electrodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/78—Heating arrangements specially adapted for immersion heating
    • H05B3/82—Fixedly-mounted immersion heaters
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B21/00—Obtaining aluminium
    • C22B21/0084—Obtaining aluminium melting and handling molten aluminium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B9/00—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F27D99/0001—Heating elements or systems
    • F27D99/0006—Electric heating elements or system
    • F27D2099/0008—Resistor heating
    • F27D2099/0011—The resistor heats a radiant tube or surface
    • F27D2099/0013—The resistor heats a radiant tube or surface immersed in the charge

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for heating a bath of liquid metal.
  • a device for heating a bath of liquid metal.
  • Such a device is therefore associated with a tank whose content is molten metal, including alloys or pure metals of aluminum, magnesium, zinc or white metals.
  • Such a device comprises a heating element called high-flow thermo-plunger.
  • the invention relates more particularly to a device in which the immersion heater is movable in translation, so as to make it easy to leave the tank and thus facilitate the cleaning operations necessary for its maintenance.
  • the heating devices of a bath of liquid metal comprise a thermo-plunger partially immersed inside the bath of liquid metal.
  • one of the ends is immersed inside the tank and is directly in contact with the liquid metal, while the other end emerges from the tank so as to allow its power supply.
  • thermo-plunger when the level of the tank descends, impurities or dirt then come to stick on the heating fraction emerging from the thermo-plunger. Such devices therefore have very sensitive yields to the cleanliness of their immersion heater. Therefore, it is necessary to regularly clean the thermo-plunger in order to remove the dross and thus avoid the fall of its operating efficiency.
  • Steel risers are sometimes used to reach a bath of liquid metal in tanks or deep pockets. However, these tubes can not come into contact with the molten metal and therefore do not fully immerse the thermo-divers inside the liquid metal bath.
  • thermo-divers are no longer mobile in translation and it is no longer necessary to clean them regularly. Indeed, since they always remain completely immersed inside the tank with a minimum level of low metal, the dirt present on the surface of the bath are less likely to redeposit on the immersion heaters.
  • thermo-plunger require sealing at the wall of the tank to prevent the molten metal out through the orifice in which the thermo-plunger is introduced.
  • a device must still undergo maintenance operations, and it is also possible that the thermo-plunger fails and must be changed.
  • the disassembly operation of the thermo-plunger with respect to the tank is very long to implement and requires significant resources. Indeed, a screwed plate keeps the thermo-plunger in position in the tank and a seal participates in the seal. This seal must be broken at each disassembly operation.
  • the object of the invention is to allow heating of a bath of liquid metal by means of a thermo-plunger having an optimum efficiency, while facilitating the maintenance operations, or even replacement of the immersion heater if necessary.
  • heating devices are also known, as described in document FR 795 666, for heating salt in the liquid state by means of a metal heating element.
  • This type of heating element is without a protective sheath made of ceramic material and does not have a pfd equivalent to that of the high-flow heat sinkers.
  • this type of heating device is not suitable for heating liquid metal bath since the level of corrosion of a bath of liquid metal is unparalleled compared to that of a molten salt bath. Likewise, the pfd required to maintain a bath of molten metal is much greater than that required to maintain a bath of liquid salt.
  • a second object of the invention is to provide a heating device adapted to the corrosion level specific to liquid metal baths and having a pfd sufficient to maintain the temperature of these baths.
  • the invention therefore relates to a device for heating a bath of liquid metal.
  • a device for heating a bath of liquid metal can be moved relative to a vessel containing the liquid metal and comprise at least one high-flow heat sink for heating the liquid metal.
  • thermo-plunger is secured, at one of its ends, to a connecting mast partially immersed in the bath of liquid metal. The thermo-plunger is then totally immersed in the bath.
  • thermo-plunger is attached to a connecting mast so as to allow its total immersion inside the bath.
  • the connecting mast is not or not very warm.
  • the heating is performed in the lower part of the tank, which promotes the homogeneity of the bath temperature.
  • One end of the thermo-plunger is thus secured to the connecting mast which may have different sections and dimensions, depending in particular on the type of thermo-plunger used, its position relative to the connecting mast or the number of thermo-plunger - rodents associated with it.
  • the thermo-plunger can be arranged axially with respect to the connecting mast.
  • the connecting mast can also serve as an extension to include heating a tank or pocket of great depth. It can also limit the length of the thermo-divers since they are then fully immersed and heat the metal bath with increased efficiency compared to thermo-divers a heating portion emerges from the bath.
  • Such an embodiment may in particular be advantageous for heating a metal bath whose level remains constant, especially in a transport pocket for maintaining the metal in the liquid state between the production site and a site of use.
  • thermo-plunger can be arranged radially with respect to the connecting mast.
  • this embodiment makes it possible to position an immersion heater at the lowest point of the bath of molten metal. It can then be used for example in a pocket whose level varies to heat with the same efficiency a metal bath whatever the amount of metal present in the pocket.
  • the device may comprise several heat-divers connected to the same connection mast.
  • the heat-divers can be angularly distributed of the same value around the connecting mast. Therefore, the thermo-divers are regularly arranged radially around the connecting mast.
  • the heat-divers can be distributed vertically on the connecting mast so as to heat the liquid metal at different depths. In this way, the heat-divers can be arranged parallel to one above the other, but may also have different orientations so as to promote the homogeneity of the temperature of the liquid metal bath.
  • a connecting mast can comprise several stages each comprising small heat-divers.
  • the connecting mast may comprise arrangements intended to cooperate with the bottom of the tank.
  • the connecting mast comes into contact with the bottom of the tank.
  • This embodiment further simplifies the positioning in depth of the thermo-divers inside the tank. Indeed, it is then preferable to enslave the translational movement of the connecting mast to know precisely its position.
  • the device may comprise two masts each secured with one end of the same thermo-plunger.
  • thermo-plunger is held at both ends at a connecting mast. It is therefore firmly supported and is not subject to bracing on its own weight.
  • each of its ends may have an electrical connection going up through each of the connecting masts.
  • thermo-plunger may be arranged substantially perpendicular to the axis of the connecting mast.
  • the orientation of the thermo-plunger is substantially horizontal inside the vessel. This positioning is particularly interesting to position the immersion heater closer to the bottom of the tank when it is also horizontal.
  • the heat sink may extend substantially parallel to the bottom of the tank.
  • thermo-plunger may comprise a section of between 10 and 65 mm in diameter.
  • thermo-divers of all types including those designated by the name of
  • thermo-divers The size of the connecting mast is then adapted according to the size of the associated thermo-divers.
  • the connecting mast may comprise a heating portion. This portion is then obtained by means of the connections which go up inside its structure. However, the flow released by this heating portion will be described as “low flow” in opposition to the term “high flow” designating the heating portion of the thermo-plunger.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 are sectional views according to a first embodiment of a heating device of a bath of liquid metal, according to the invention
  • FIG. 3 to 5 are sectional views according to a second embodiment of a heating device of a bath of liquid metal, according to the invention; - Figures 6 to 8 are different variants according to the second embodiment of the heating device according to the invention. Way of describing the invention
  • the invention relates to a device for heating a bath of liquid metal.
  • the device (1) comprises a connecting mast (18) to which is reported a high-flow heat sink (4).
  • the thermo-plunger (4) is totally immersed inside the liquid metal bath (2) contained in the tank (3).
  • the connecting mast (18) is partially submerged.
  • the connecting mast (18) is formed by a hollow cylinder of refractory material adapted to the alloy used, for example ceramic.
  • the end (6) is then fitted inside a housing formed in the connecting mast (18).
  • the end (7) is, in this representation, left free inside the liquid metal bath (2).
  • thermo-plunger (4) is arranged axially with respect to the connecting mast (18).
  • a bonding intermediate (10) may in particular enable the thermo-plunger (4) to be secured to the connecting mast (18) between two opposite cylindrical surfaces.
  • thermo-plunger (14) has a section greater than that of the connecting mast (28).
  • a housing is provided inside the thermo-plunger (14) at its end (6) and the connecting mast (28) is inserted so as to keep the thermo-plunger (14) completely immersed in the bath (2) liquid metal.
  • thermo-plunger of larger section may in particular allow to increase the flow.
  • thermo-plunger (4) may also be arranged radially with respect to a connecting mast (38). In this way, it can be positioned parallel by relative to the bottom of the tank (3) and stay totally immersed in the metal bath
  • the connecting mast (38) is hollow and has a housing in which is introduced the thermo-plunger (4).
  • a gluing intermediate can also make it possible to secure the two parts together.
  • the connecting mast (48) is inserted into a housing at one end (6) of the thermo-plunger (14) having a section higher.
  • the connecting mast (58) has in this case an arrangement (9) adapted to cooperate with the bottom (11) of the vessel (3).
  • it is also provided with a connector (19) capable of allowing the thermo-plunger (4) to be secured to the connecting mast (58).
  • the rectified machining of the orifice in which is housed the end (6) of the thermo-plunger (4) is made in an independent piece and easily adaptable on the machines usually used in machining.
  • a connecting mast (68) can be equipped with four thermo-plungers positioned diametrically opposite to the axis of the thermo-plunger. In this way, the heat generated by the thermo-divers (4) rises all around the connecting mast (68).
  • the heat sink (4) can be positioned one above the other on a connecting mast (78). In this representation, they are arranged in a parallel manner. However, we can also consider orienting them in different directions.
  • thermo-plunger (4) can be secured to two connecting masts (88, 98) at each of its ends (6) and (7).
  • Such a configuration also makes it possible to stiffen the structure of the device and to avoid the problems of breakage of the thermo-divers.
  • thermo-plunger • It prevents the deposit of dirt on the thermo-plunger, and thus reduce maintenance and cleaning operations

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Resistance Heating (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a heating device (1) for a liquid metal bath (2), said device (1) capable of being moved relative to a vat (3) containing the liquid metal (2) and comprising at least one high flux immersion heater (4, 14) for heating the liquid metal (2). The device is characterized in that said immersion heater (4, 14) is rigidly joined on one end thereof (6, 7) to a connecting post (18, 28, 38, 48, 58, 68, 78, 88, 98) partially immersed in the liquid metal bath (2), said immersion heater (4, 14) being totally immersed in the bath (2).

Description

DISPOSITIF DE CHAUFFAGE D'UN BAIN DE METAL LIQUIDE DEVICE FOR HEATING A LIQUID METAL BATH
Domaine technique L'invention se rapporte à un dispositif de chauffage d'un bain de métal liquide. Un tel dispositif est par conséquent associé à une cuve dont le contenu est du métal en fusion, notamment des alliages ou métaux purs d'aluminium, de magnésium, de zinc ou des métaux blancs. Un tel dispositif comporte un élément chauffant appelé thermo-plongeur à haut flux.TECHNICAL FIELD The invention relates to a device for heating a bath of liquid metal. Such a device is therefore associated with a tank whose content is molten metal, including alloys or pure metals of aluminum, magnesium, zinc or white metals. Such a device comprises a heating element called high-flow thermo-plunger.
L'invention vise plus particulièrement un dispositif dans lequel le thermoplongeur est mobile en translation, de manière à rendre aisée sa sortie de la cuve et ainsi faciliter les opérations de nettoyage nécessaires à sa maintenance.The invention relates more particularly to a device in which the immersion heater is movable in translation, so as to make it easy to leave the tank and thus facilitate the cleaning operations necessary for its maintenance.
Art antérieurPrior art
De façon générale, les dispositifs de chauffage d'un bain de métal liquide comportent un thermo-plongeur partiellement immergé à l'intérieur du bain de métal liquide. Dans ce cas, l'une des extrémités est immergée à l'intérieur de la cuve et est directement au contact du métal liquide, tandis que l'autre extrémité émerge de la cuve de façon à permettre son alimentation électrique.In general, the heating devices of a bath of liquid metal comprise a thermo-plunger partially immersed inside the bath of liquid metal. In this case, one of the ends is immersed inside the tank and is directly in contact with the liquid metal, while the other end emerges from the tank so as to allow its power supply.
Cependant, dans les dispositifs connus une fraction de partie chauffante émerge du bain de métal et est en contact avec l'air. Cette configuration ne permet pas de garantir un rendement optimal en termes de consommation d'énergie.However, in known devices a fraction of heating portion emerges from the metal bath and is in contact with the air. This configuration does not guarantee optimum performance in terms of energy consumption.
De plus, lorsque le niveau de la cuve descend, des impuretés ou des crasses viennent alors se coller sur la fraction chauffante émergée du thermo-plongeur. De tels dispositifs ont donc des rendements très sensibles à la propreté de leur thermoplongeur. Par conséquent, il est nécessaire de nettoyer régulièrement le thermo- plongeur afin de retirer les crasses et ainsi éviter la chute de son rendement de fonctionnement. Des tubes prolongateurs en acier sont parfois utilisés pour atteindre un bain de métal liquide situé dans des cuves ou poches de grande profondeur. Cependant ces tubes ne peuvent entrer en contact avec le métal en fusion et ne permettent donc pas d'immerger totalement les thermo-plongeurs à l'intérieur du bain de métal liquide.In addition, when the level of the tank descends, impurities or dirt then come to stick on the heating fraction emerging from the thermo-plunger. Such devices therefore have very sensitive yields to the cleanliness of their immersion heater. Therefore, it is necessary to regularly clean the thermo-plunger in order to remove the dross and thus avoid the fall of its operating efficiency. Steel risers are sometimes used to reach a bath of liquid metal in tanks or deep pockets. However, these tubes can not come into contact with the molten metal and therefore do not fully immerse the thermo-divers inside the liquid metal bath.
On connaît par ailleurs les dispositifs de chauffage positionnés directement au niveau d'une paroi latérale de la cuve. Dans ce cas, les thermo-plongeurs ne sont alors plus mobiles en translation et il n'est plus nécessaire de les nettoyer régulièrement. En effet, comme ils restent toujours totalement immergés à l'intérieur de la cuve avec un niveau de métal bas minimum, les crasses présentes à la surface du bain viennent de façon moindre se redéposer sur les thermoplongeurs.Also known heating devices positioned directly at a side wall of the tank. In this case, the thermo-divers are no longer mobile in translation and it is no longer necessary to clean them regularly. Indeed, since they always remain completely immersed inside the tank with a minimum level of low metal, the dirt present on the surface of the bath are less likely to redeposit on the immersion heaters.
Cependant, de tels dispositifs nécessitent de réaliser une étanchéité au niveau de la paroi de la cuve pour éviter que le métal en fusion ne sorte par l'orifice dans lequel le thermo-plongeur est introduit. Toutefois, un tel dispositif doit tout de même subir des opérations de maintenance, et il est également possible que le thermo-plongeur connaisse une défaillance et doive être changé. Dans ce cas, l'opération de démontage du thermo-plongeur par rapport à la cuve est très longue à mettre en œuvre et nécessite des moyens importants. En effet, une plaque vissée maintient le thermo-plongeur en position dans la cuve et un joint participe à l'étanchéité. Ce joint doit donc être cassé à chaque opération de démontage.However, such devices require sealing at the wall of the tank to prevent the molten metal out through the orifice in which the thermo-plunger is introduced. However, such a device must still undergo maintenance operations, and it is also possible that the thermo-plunger fails and must be changed. In this case, the disassembly operation of the thermo-plunger with respect to the tank is very long to implement and requires significant resources. Indeed, a screwed plate keeps the thermo-plunger in position in the tank and a seal participates in the seal. This seal must be broken at each disassembly operation.
Ainsi, le but de l'invention est de permettre un chauffage d'un bain de métal liquide au moyen d'un thermo-plongeur présentant un rendement optimal, tout en facilitant les opérations de maintenance, voire de remplacement du thermoplongeur si nécessaire.Thus, the object of the invention is to allow heating of a bath of liquid metal by means of a thermo-plunger having an optimum efficiency, while facilitating the maintenance operations, or even replacement of the immersion heater if necessary.
Par ailleurs, on connaît également des dispositifs de chauffage, tels que décrit dans le document FR 795 666, permettant de chauffer du sel à l'état liquide au moyen d'un élément chauffant métallique. Ce type d'élément chauffant est donc dépourvu d'une gaine protectrice en matériau céramique et ne comporte pas une puissance surfacique équivalente à celle des thermo-plongeurs à haut flux.Furthermore, heating devices are also known, as described in document FR 795 666, for heating salt in the liquid state by means of a metal heating element. This type of heating element is without a protective sheath made of ceramic material and does not have a pfd equivalent to that of the high-flow heat sinkers.
Ainsi, ce type de dispositif de chauffage n'est pas adapté pour le chauffage de bain de métal liquide puisque le niveau de corrosion d'un bain de métal liquide est sans comparaison supérieur à celui d'un bain de sel en fusion. De même, la puissance surfacique nécessaire pour maintenir un bain de métal en fusion est très supérieure à celle nécessaire pour maintenir un bain de sel liquide.Thus, this type of heating device is not suitable for heating liquid metal bath since the level of corrosion of a bath of liquid metal is unparalleled compared to that of a molten salt bath. Likewise, the pfd required to maintain a bath of molten metal is much greater than that required to maintain a bath of liquid salt.
Par conséquent, un second objectif de l'invention est de fournir un dispositif de chauffage adapté au niveau de corrosion propre aux bains de métal liquide et présentant une puissance surfacique suffisante pour maintenir la température de ces bains.Therefore, a second object of the invention is to provide a heating device adapted to the corrosion level specific to liquid metal baths and having a pfd sufficient to maintain the temperature of these baths.
Exposé de l'inventionPresentation of the invention
L'invention concerne donc un dispositif de chauffage d'un bain de métal liquide. Un tel dispositif peut être déplacé par rapport à une cuve contenant le métal liquide et comporter au moins un thermo-plongeur à haut flux destiné à chauffer le métal liquide.The invention therefore relates to a device for heating a bath of liquid metal. Such a device can be moved relative to a vessel containing the liquid metal and comprise at least one high-flow heat sink for heating the liquid metal.
II se caractérise en ce que le thermo-plongeur est solidarisé, par une de ses extrémités, à un mât de connexion partiellement immergé dans le bain de métal liquide. Le thermo-plongeur est alors totalement immergé dans le bain.It is characterized in that the thermo-plunger is secured, at one of its ends, to a connecting mast partially immersed in the bath of liquid metal. The thermo-plunger is then totally immersed in the bath.
Autrement dit, le thermo-plongeur est rapporté sur un mât de connexion de façon à permettre son immersion totale à l'intérieur du bain. Le mât de connexion n'est pas ou peu chauffant. De plus, le chauffage est réalisé en partie basse de la cuve, ce qui favorise l'homogénéité de la température du bain. L'une des extrémités du thermo-plongeur est donc solidarisée au mât de connexion qui peut présenter différentes sections et dimensions, en fonction notamment du type de thermo-plongeur utilisé, de son positionnement par rapport au mât de connexion ou encore du nombre de thermo-plongeurs qui lui sont associés. Selon un premier mode de réalisation, le thermo-plongeur peut être agencé axialement par rapport au mât de connexion.In other words, the thermo-plunger is attached to a connecting mast so as to allow its total immersion inside the bath. The connecting mast is not or not very warm. In addition, the heating is performed in the lower part of the tank, which promotes the homogeneity of the bath temperature. One end of the thermo-plunger is thus secured to the connecting mast which may have different sections and dimensions, depending in particular on the type of thermo-plunger used, its position relative to the connecting mast or the number of thermo-plunger - rodents associated with it. According to a first embodiment, the thermo-plunger can be arranged axially with respect to the connecting mast.
Ainsi, le mât de connexion peut également servir de prolongateur pour notamment chauffer une cuve ou poche de grande profondeur. Il peut permettre aussi de limiter la longueur des thermo-plongeurs puisqu'ils sont alors totalement immergés et chauffent le bain de métal avec un rendement accru par rapport aux thermo-plongeurs dont une portion chauffante émerge du bain.Thus, the connecting mast can also serve as an extension to include heating a tank or pocket of great depth. It can also limit the length of the thermo-divers since they are then fully immersed and heat the metal bath with increased efficiency compared to thermo-divers a heating portion emerges from the bath.
Un tel mode de réalisation peut notamment être avantageux pour chauffer un bain de métal dont le niveau reste constant, notamment dans une poche de transport permettant de maintenir le métal à l'état liquide entre le site de production et un site d'utilisation.Such an embodiment may in particular be advantageous for heating a metal bath whose level remains constant, especially in a transport pocket for maintaining the metal in the liquid state between the production site and a site of use.
Selon un second mode de réalisation, le thermo-plongeur peut être agencé radialement par rapport au mât de connexion.According to a second embodiment, the thermo-plunger can be arranged radially with respect to the connecting mast.
En effet, ce mode de réalisation permet de positionner un thermoplongeur au plus bas du bain de métal en fusion. Il peut alors être utilisé par exemple dans une poche dont le niveau varie pour chauffer avec le même rendement un bain de métal quelque soit la quantité de métal présente dans la poche.Indeed, this embodiment makes it possible to position an immersion heater at the lowest point of the bath of molten metal. It can then be used for example in a pocket whose level varies to heat with the same efficiency a metal bath whatever the amount of metal present in the pocket.
Dans ce cas, le dispositif peut comporter plusieurs thermo-plongeurs solidarisés à un même mât de connexion.In this case, the device may comprise several heat-divers connected to the same connection mast.
Ainsi, selon un premier mode de réalisation, les thermo-plongeurs peuvent être répartis angulairement d'une même valeur autour du mât de connexion. Par conséquent, les thermo-plongeurs sont régulièrement agencés radialement autour du mât de connexion. Selon un deuxième mode de réalisation, les thermo-plongeurs peuvent être répartis verticalement sur le mât de connexion de manière à chauffer le métal liquide à différentes profondeurs. De cette manière, les thermo-plongeurs peuvent être agencés parallèlement l'un au dessus de l'autre, mais peuvent également présenter des orientations différentes de manière à favoriser l'homogénéité de la température du bain de métal liquide.Thus, according to a first embodiment, the heat-divers can be angularly distributed of the same value around the connecting mast. Therefore, the thermo-divers are regularly arranged radially around the connecting mast. According to a second embodiment, the heat-divers can be distributed vertically on the connecting mast so as to heat the liquid metal at different depths. In this way, the heat-divers can be arranged parallel to one above the other, but may also have different orientations so as to promote the homogeneity of the temperature of the liquid metal bath.
Bien évidemment, les deux variantes précédemment citées peuvent être combinées, et par conséquent, un mât de connexion peut comporter plusieurs étages comportant chacun de petits thermo-plongeurs.Of course, the two previously mentioned variants can be combined, and therefore a connecting mast can comprise several stages each comprising small heat-divers.
Avantageusement, le mât de connexion peut comporter des agencements destinés à coopérer avec le fond de la cuve. Autrement dit, le mât de connexion vient au contact du fond de la cuve. Ce mode de réalisation permet de simplifier en outre le positionnement en profondeur des thermo-plongeurs à l'intérieur de la cuve. En effet, il est alors préférable d'asservir le déplacement en translation du mât de connexion pour connaître précisément sa position.Advantageously, the connecting mast may comprise arrangements intended to cooperate with the bottom of the tank. In other words, the connecting mast comes into contact with the bottom of the tank. This embodiment further simplifies the positioning in depth of the thermo-divers inside the tank. Indeed, it is then preferable to enslave the translational movement of the connecting mast to know precisely its position.
En pratique, le dispositif peut comporter deux mâts solidarisés chacun avec l'une des extrémités d'un même thermo-plongeur.In practice, the device may comprise two masts each secured with one end of the same thermo-plunger.
En d'autres termes, le thermo-plongeur est maintenu au niveau de ses deux extrémités à un mât de connexion. Il est par conséquent fermement supporté et n'est pas soumis à l'arc-boutement sur son propre poids. De plus, chacune de ses extrémités peut présenter une connexion électrique remontant au travers de chacun des mâts de connexion.In other words, the thermo-plunger is held at both ends at a connecting mast. It is therefore firmly supported and is not subject to bracing on its own weight. In addition, each of its ends may have an electrical connection going up through each of the connecting masts.
Selon un mode de réalisation particulier, le thermo-plongeur peut être agencé sensiblement perpendiculairement par rapport à l'axe du mât de connexion. Autrement dit, si par exemple le mât a une orientation verticale, l'orientation du thermo-plongeur est sensiblement horizontale à l'intérieur de la cuve. Ce positionnement est tout particulièrement intéressant pour positionner le thermoplongeur au plus près du fond de la cuve lorsque celui-ci est également horizontal.According to a particular embodiment, the thermo-plunger may be arranged substantially perpendicular to the axis of the connecting mast. In other words, if for example the mast has a vertical orientation, the orientation of the thermo-plunger is substantially horizontal inside the vessel. This positioning is particularly interesting to position the immersion heater closer to the bottom of the tank when it is also horizontal.
En pratique, lorsque la cuve présente un fond dont l'orientation n'est pas sensiblement horizontale, mais inclinée, le thermo-plongeur peut s'étendre sensiblement parallèlement par rapport au fond de la cuve.In practice, when the tank has a bottom whose orientation is not substantially horizontal, but inclined, the heat sink may extend substantially parallel to the bottom of the tank.
Avantageusement, le thermo-plongeur peut comporter une section comprise entre 10 et 65 mm de diamètre. De cette manière, il est possible de rapporter des thermo-plongeurs de tous types, et notamment ceux désignés sous l'appellation deAdvantageously, the thermo-plunger may comprise a section of between 10 and 65 mm in diameter. In this way, it is possible to report thermo-divers of all types, including those designated by the name of
« mini thermo-plongeurs ». La taille du mât de connexion est alors adaptée en fonction de la taille des thermo-plongeurs associés."Mini thermo-divers". The size of the connecting mast is then adapted according to the size of the associated thermo-divers.
Selon un mode de réalisation particulier, le mât de connexion peut comporter une portion chauffante. Cette portion est alors obtenue au moyen des connexions qui remontent à l'intérieur de sa structure. Cependant, le flux dégagé par cette portion chauffante sera alors qualifié de "bas flux" en opposition avec le terme "haut flux" désignant la partie chauffante du thermo-plongeur.According to a particular embodiment, the connecting mast may comprise a heating portion. This portion is then obtained by means of the connections which go up inside its structure. However, the flow released by this heating portion will be described as "low flow" in opposition to the term "high flow" designating the heating portion of the thermo-plunger.
Description sommaire des figuresBrief description of the figures
La manière de réaliser l'invention ainsi que les avantages qui en découlent, ressortiront bien de la description du mode de réalisation qui suit, donné à titre indicatif et non limitatif, à l'appui des figures annexées dans lesquelles :The manner of carrying out the invention as well as the advantages which result therefrom, will emerge clearly from the description of the embodiment which follows, given by way of indication and not limitation, in support of the appended figures in which:
- les figures 1 et 2 sont des vues en coupe selon un premier mode de réalisation d'un dispositif de chauffage d'un bain de métal liquide, conformément à l'invention ;- Figures 1 and 2 are sectional views according to a first embodiment of a heating device of a bath of liquid metal, according to the invention;
- les figures 3 à 5 sont des vues en coupe selon un second mode de réalisation d'un dispositif de chauffage d'un bain de métal liquide, conformément à l'invention ; - les figures 6 à 8 sont différentes variantes conformes au second mode de réalisation du dispositif de chauffage, conforme à l'invention. Manière de décrire l'invention- Figures 3 to 5 are sectional views according to a second embodiment of a heating device of a bath of liquid metal, according to the invention; - Figures 6 to 8 are different variants according to the second embodiment of the heating device according to the invention. Way of describing the invention
Comme déjà évoqué, l'invention concerne un dispositif de chauffage d'un bain de métal liquide. Tel que représenté en figure 1, le dispositif (1) comporte un mât de connexion (18) sur lequel est rapporté un thermo-plongeur à haut flux (4). Tel que représenté, le thermo-plongeur (4) est totalement immergé à l'intérieur du bain de métal liquide (2) contenu dans la cuve (3). Le mât de connexion (18) est quant à lui partiellement immergé.As already mentioned, the invention relates to a device for heating a bath of liquid metal. As shown in Figure 1, the device (1) comprises a connecting mast (18) to which is reported a high-flow heat sink (4). As shown, the thermo-plunger (4) is totally immersed inside the liquid metal bath (2) contained in the tank (3). The connecting mast (18) is partially submerged.
Dans la variante représentée, le mât de connexion (18) est formé par un cylindre creux en matériau réfractaire adapté à l'alliage utilisé, par exemple en céramique. L'extrémité (6) est alors ajustée à l'intérieur d'un logement ménagé dans le mât de connexion (18). L'extrémité (7) est, dans cette représentation, laissée libre à l'intérieur du bain de métal liquide (2).In the variant shown, the connecting mast (18) is formed by a hollow cylinder of refractory material adapted to the alloy used, for example ceramic. The end (6) is then fitted inside a housing formed in the connecting mast (18). The end (7) is, in this representation, left free inside the liquid metal bath (2).
Selon le premier mode de réalisation, le thermo-plongeur (4) est agencé axialement par rapport au mât de connexion (18). Un intermédiaire de collage (10) peut notamment permettre de solidariser le thermo-plongeur (4) avec le mât de connexion (18) entre deux surfaces cylindriques en regard.According to the first embodiment, the thermo-plunger (4) is arranged axially with respect to the connecting mast (18). A bonding intermediate (10) may in particular enable the thermo-plunger (4) to be secured to the connecting mast (18) between two opposite cylindrical surfaces.
Dans la variante telle que représentée à la figure 2, le thermo-plongeur (14) présente une section supérieure à celle du mât de connexion (28). Un logement est ménagé à l'intérieur du thermo-plongeur (14) au niveau de son extrémité (6) et le mât de connexion (28) y est inséré de façon à maintenir le thermo-plongeur (14) totalement immergé dans le bain (2) de métal liquide.In the variant as shown in Figure 2, the thermo-plunger (14) has a section greater than that of the connecting mast (28). A housing is provided inside the thermo-plunger (14) at its end (6) and the connecting mast (28) is inserted so as to keep the thermo-plunger (14) completely immersed in the bath (2) liquid metal.
Un thermo-plongeur de section plus importante peut notamment permettre d'augmenter le flux.A thermo-plunger of larger section may in particular allow to increase the flow.
Selon le second mode de réalisation et tel que représenté à la figure 3, le thermo-plongeur (4) peut également être agencé radialement par rapport à un mât de connexion (38). De cette manière, il peut être positionné parallèlement par rapport au fond de la cuve (3) et rester totalement immergé dans le bain de métalAccording to the second embodiment and as shown in Figure 3, the thermo-plunger (4) may also be arranged radially with respect to a connecting mast (38). In this way, it can be positioned parallel by relative to the bottom of the tank (3) and stay totally immersed in the metal bath
(2) quelle que soit sa hauteur.(2) whatever its height.
De même qu'à la figure 1, le mât de connexion (38) est creux et présente un logement dans lequel est introduit le thermo-plongeur (4). Un intermédiaire de collage peut également permettre de solidariser les deux pièces l'une avec l'autre.As in Figure 1, the connecting mast (38) is hollow and has a housing in which is introduced the thermo-plunger (4). A gluing intermediate can also make it possible to secure the two parts together.
Tel que représenté à la figure 4, et comme à la figure 2, dans ce cas le mât de connexion (48) est introduit dans un logement au niveau d'une extrémité (6) du thermo-plongeur (14) qui présente une section supérieure.As shown in Figure 4, and as in Figure 2, in this case the connecting mast (48) is inserted into a housing at one end (6) of the thermo-plunger (14) having a section higher.
Tel que représenté dans la figure 5, le mât de connexion (58) présente dans ce cas un agencement (9) apte à venir coopérer avec le fond (11) de la cuve (3). Dans ce cas, il est également muni d'un raccord (19) apte à permettre la solidarisation du thermo-plongeur (4) avec le mât de connexion (58). De cette manière, l'usinage rectifié de l'orifice dans lequel vient se loger l'extrémité (6) du thermo-plongeur (4), est réalisé dans une pièce indépendante et facilement adaptable sur les machines habituellement utilisées en usinage.As shown in Figure 5, the connecting mast (58) has in this case an arrangement (9) adapted to cooperate with the bottom (11) of the vessel (3). In this case, it is also provided with a connector (19) capable of allowing the thermo-plunger (4) to be secured to the connecting mast (58). In this way, the rectified machining of the orifice in which is housed the end (6) of the thermo-plunger (4), is made in an independent piece and easily adaptable on the machines usually used in machining.
Dans la variante représentée à la figure 6, un mât de connexion (68) peut être équipé de quatre thermo-plongeurs positionnés de manière diamétralement opposée par rapport à l'axe du thermo-plongeur. De cette manière, la chaleur dégagée par les thermo-plongeurs (4) remonte tout autour du mât de connexion (68).In the variant shown in Figure 6, a connecting mast (68) can be equipped with four thermo-plungers positioned diametrically opposite to the axis of the thermo-plunger. In this way, the heat generated by the thermo-divers (4) rises all around the connecting mast (68).
Dans la variante représentée à la figure 7, les thermo-plongeurs (4) peuvent être positionnés l'un au dessus de l'autre sur un mât de connexion (78). Dans cette représentation, ils sont agencés de façon parallèle. Cependant, on peut également envisager de les orienter dans des directions différentes.In the variant shown in Figure 7, the heat sink (4) can be positioned one above the other on a connecting mast (78). In this representation, they are arranged in a parallel manner. However, we can also consider orienting them in different directions.
Dans la variante représentée à la figure 8, un thermo-plongeur (4) peut être solidarisé à deux mâts de connexion (88, 98) au niveau de chacune de ses extrémités (6) et (7). Une telle configuration permet en outre de rigidifier la structure du dispositif et d'éviter les problèmes de casse des thermo-plongeurs.In the variant shown in FIG. 8, a thermo-plunger (4) can be secured to two connecting masts (88, 98) at each of its ends (6) and (7). Such a configuration also makes it possible to stiffen the structure of the device and to avoid the problems of breakage of the thermo-divers.
Bien évidemment, toutes les combinaisons possibles entre ces différentes variantes sont envisageables pour réaliser le chauffage d'un bain de métal liquide à l'intérieur d'une poche ou analogue et notamment plusieurs thermoplongeurs peuvent être solidarisés à chacune de leurs extrémités avec un mât de connexion.Of course, all the possible combinations between these different variants are conceivable for heating a bath of liquid metal inside a pocket or the like and in particular several immersion heaters can be secured at each of their ends with a mast. connection.
Il ressort de ce qui précède qu'un dispositif de chauffage conforme à l'invention présente de multiples avantages, notamment :It follows from the foregoing that a heating device according to the invention has many advantages, in particular:
• il permet d'éviter le dépôt des crasses sur le thermo-plongeur, et donc de réduire les opérations de maintenance et de nettoyage ;• It prevents the deposit of dirt on the thermo-plunger, and thus reduce maintenance and cleaning operations;
• il permet de réaliser un chauffage homogène du bain de métal liquide à l'intérieur de la cuve ; • l'immersion totale du thermo-plongeur à l'intérieur du bain de métal liquide permet de réaliser des économies en termes de consommation électrique. • It allows a homogeneous heating of the liquid metal bath inside the tank; • the total immersion of the thermo-plunger inside the bath of liquid metal makes it possible to save in terms of electrical consumption.

Claims

Revendications claims
1. Dispositif de chauffage (1) d'un bain de métal liquide (2), ledit dispositif (1) pouvant être déplacé par rapport à une cuve (3) contenant le métal liquide (2) et comportant au moins un thermo-plongeur à haut flux (4, 14) destiné à chauffer le métal liquide (2) caractérisé en ce que ledit thermo-plongeur (4, 14) est solidarisé, par une de ses extrémités (6, 7), à un mât de connexion (18, 28, 38, 48, 58, 68, 78, 88, 98) partiellement immergé dans le bain de métal liquide (2), ledit thermoplongeur (4, 14) étant totalement immergé dans le bain (2).1. Device for heating (1) a bath of liquid metal (2), said device (1) being movable relative to a tank (3) containing the liquid metal (2) and comprising at least one thermo-plunger high-flow device (4, 14) for heating the liquid metal (2), characterized in that said thermo-plunger (4, 14) is secured, by one of its ends (6, 7), to a connecting mast ( 18, 28, 38, 48, 58, 68, 78, 88, 98) partially immersed in the bath of liquid metal (2), said immersion heater (4, 14) being totally immersed in the bath (2).
2. Dispositif de chauffage selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le thermo-plongeur (4, 14) est agencé axialement par rapport au dit mât de connexion (18, 28).2. Heating device according to claim 1, characterized in that the thermo-plunger (4, 14) is arranged axially with respect to said connecting mast (18, 28).
3. Dispositif de chauffage selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le thermo-plongeur (4, 14) est agencé radialement par rapport au dit mât de connexion (38, 48, 58, 68, 78, 88, 98).3. Heating device according to claim 1, characterized in that the thermo-plunger (4, 14) is arranged radially with respect to said connecting mast (38, 48, 58, 68, 78, 88, 98).
4. Dispositif de chauffage selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte plusieurs thermo-plongeurs (4) solidarisés à un même mât de connexion4. Heating device according to claim 3, characterized in that it comprises several heat-divers (4) secured to the same connection mast
(68, 78).(68, 78).
5. Dispositif de chauffage selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que les thermo-plongeurs (4) sont répartis angulairement d'une même valeur autour du mât de connexion (68).5. Heating device according to claim 4, characterized in that the thermo-plungers (4) are angularly distributed of the same value around the connecting mast (68).
6. Dispositif de chauffage selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que les thermo-plongeurs (4) sont répartis verticalement sur le mât de connexion (78) de manière à chauffer le métal liquide (2) à différentes profondeurs. 6. Heating device according to claim 4, characterized in that the heat-divers (4) are distributed vertically on the connecting mast (78) so as to heat the liquid metal (2) at different depths.
7. Dispositif de chauffage selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que le mât de connexion (58) comporte des agencements (19) destinés à coopérer avec le fond (11) de la cuve (3).7. Heating device according to claim 3, characterized in that the connecting mast (58) comprises arrangements (19) for cooperating with the bottom (11) of the vessel (3).
8. Dispositif de chauffage selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte deux mâts (88, 98) solidarisés chacun avec une des extrémités (6, 7) d'un même thermo-plongeur (4).8. Heating device according to claim 3, characterized in that it comprises two poles (88, 98) each secured with one end (6, 7) of the same thermo-plunger (4).
9. Dispositif de chauffage selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que le thermo-plongeur (4, 14) est agencé sensiblement perpendiculairement par rapport au mât de connexion (38, 48, 58, 68, 78, 88, 98).9. Heating device according to claim 3, characterized in that the thermo-plunger (4, 14) is arranged substantially perpendicular to the connecting mast (38, 48, 58, 68, 78, 88, 98).
10. Dispositif de chauffage selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que le thermo-plongeur (4, 14) s'étend sensiblement parallèlement par rapport au fond (11) de la cuve (3).10. Heating device according to claim 3, characterized in that the thermo-plunger (4, 14) extends substantially parallel to the bottom (11) of the vessel (3).
11. Dispositif de chauffage selon la revendication 1 , caractérisé en ce que le thermo-plongeur (4, 14) comporte une section comprise entre 10 et 65 millimètres de diamètre.11. Heating device according to claim 1, characterized in that the thermo-plunger (4, 14) has a section of between 10 and 65 millimeters in diameter.
12. Dispositif de chauffage selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le mât de connexion (18, 28, 38, 48, 58, 68, 78, 88, 98) comporte une portion chauffante. 12. Heating device according to claim 1, characterized in that the connecting mast (18, 28, 38, 48, 58, 68, 78, 88, 98) comprises a heating portion.
EP08788181A 2008-04-15 2008-04-15 Device for heating a liquid metal bath Withdrawn EP2291255A1 (en)

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CN106041025A (en) * 2016-07-26 2016-10-26 辽宁伊菲科技股份有限公司 Inert gas shielding immersion type heating difunctional low-pressure casting furnace

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